WO2014020707A1 - 銅合金トロリ線及び銅合金トロリ線の製造方法 - Google Patents
銅合金トロリ線及び銅合金トロリ線の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014020707A1 WO2014020707A1 PCT/JP2012/069493 JP2012069493W WO2014020707A1 WO 2014020707 A1 WO2014020707 A1 WO 2014020707A1 JP 2012069493 W JP2012069493 W JP 2012069493W WO 2014020707 A1 WO2014020707 A1 WO 2014020707A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a copper alloy trolley wire that is in sliding contact with a current collector such as a pantograph provided on a train or the like and supplies power to the train or the like, and a method of manufacturing the same.
- a railway trolley wire used for trains, etc. is configured to be slidably contacted with a current collector such as a pantograph and supplied with power as described above, so that it has a certain strength, wear resistance, and electrical conductivity. It is necessary to ensure heat resistance.
- a trolley wire as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example, a trolley wire made of Sn-containing copper containing 0.25 to 0.35% by weight of Sn is provided.
- This Sn-containing copper is a solid solution strengthened copper alloy strengthened by solid solution of Sn in the copper matrix, and is excellent in wear resistance and the like.
- Patent Documents 2 to 4 propose a trolley wire made of a copper alloy containing Cr, Zr or the like.
- a copper alloy containing Cr, Zr, etc. is a precipitation-strengthened copper alloy whose strength is improved by precipitation and dispersion of a compound containing Cr or Zr as a main component in the matrix phase. It will be further improved.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and is excellent in strength, conductivity, wear resistance, heat resistance, and excellent in shape accuracy, and manufacturing of the copper alloy trolley wire. It aims to provide a method.
- Co 0.12% by mass to 0.40% by mass
- P 0.040% by mass to 0.16% by mass
- Sn 0.005% by mass Since the composition contains 0.70% by mass or less and the balance is made of Cu and inevitable impurities, the precipitate made of a compound of Co and P is dispersed in the copper matrix. Thereby, it is possible to improve the strength and conductivity.
- Co and P are below the lower limit, the number of precipitates is insufficient, and the strength cannot be sufficiently improved.
- Co and P exceed the upper limit values, there are many elements that do not contribute to the improvement of strength, which may cause a decrease in conductivity. For this reason, Co and P are set within the above-described range.
- Sn is an element having an effect of improving strength by solid solution in a copper matrix.
- the effect of promoting the precipitation of precipitates containing Co and P as main components, and the heat resistance and corrosion resistance can be improved. In order to ensure that such effects are achieved, the Sn content needs to be 0.005 mass% or more.
- the said precipitation strengthening type copper alloy contains Ni; 0.01 mass% or more and 0.15 mass% or less further. In the copper alloy wire having this configuration, since Ni is contained within the above-described range, the coarsening of crystal grains can be suppressed and the strength can be further improved.
- the average particle size is 10 nm or more, and the number of precipitates having a particle size of 5 nm or more is 90% or more of the total precipitates to be observed. It becomes possible to improve electrical conductivity and heat resistance.
- the particle size of the precipitate is less than 10 nm, in the subsequent cold working, the precipitate containing Co and P as main components is re-dissolved in the matrix phase, and the conductivity is lowered. I will let you.
- the strength is further improved by cold working after the aging heat treatment, and therefore the shape is sufficiently corrected by performing the cold working after the aging heat treatment. Therefore, it is possible to provide a copper alloy trolley wire excellent in shape accuracy.
- the initial tensile strength is TS 0
- the method for producing a copper alloy trolley wire of the present invention is a method for producing the copper alloy trolley wire described above, and includes an aging heat treatment step and a cold working step performed after the aging heat treatment step,
- the processing rate in the cold working process is in the range of 20% to 65%.
- the working rate in the cold working process is set within a range of 20% to 65%. Therefore, dislocation loops are formed in the precipitate portion, and the strength can be reliably improved. Moreover, since cold working with a working rate of 20% or more is performed after the aging heat treatment step, the shape accuracy of the trolley wire can be improved.
- the processing rate in the cold working step is less than 20%, the strength may be insufficiently improved.
- the working rate in the cold working process exceeds 65%, there is a possibility that the conductivity is lowered due to accumulation of dislocations and re-dissolution of precipitates. Therefore, from the viewpoint of ensuring strength and electrical conductivity, the working rate in the cold working process is set within a range of 20% to 65%.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a copper alloy trolley wire that is excellent in strength, conductivity, heat resistance, and shape accuracy, and a method for producing the copper alloy trolley wire.
- the copper alloy trolley wire 1 which is embodiment of this invention is shown.
- the copper alloy trolley wire 1 according to this embodiment is a grooved trolley wire in which a groove 2 for mounting a metal fitting is formed.
- the copper alloy trolley wire 1 includes a first arc portion 3 provided on one side (lower side in FIG. 1) of the groove 2 and a second arc portion provided on the other side (upper side in FIG. 1) of the groove 2. 4 and the first arc portion 3 is in sliding contact with the pantograph.
- the trolley wire for railway is standardized by the cross-sectional area, and the cross-sectional area is 110 mm 2 in the copper alloy trolley wire 1 according to the present embodiment.
- This copper alloy trolley wire 1 has Co: 0.12 mass% or more and 0.40 mass% or less, P: 0.040 mass% or more and 0.16 mass% or less, Sn: 0.005 mass% or more and 0.70 mass% %, And the balance is made of Cu and a copper alloy having a composition with inevitable impurities. Moreover, it is preferable that the said precipitation strengthening type copper alloy contains Ni; 0.01 mass% or more and 0.15 mass% or less further.
- 0.002 mass% or more and 0.5 mass% or less Zn, 0.002 mass% or more and 0.25 mass% or less Mg, 0.002 mass% or more and 0.25 mass% % Or less of Ag and 0.001% by mass or more and 0.1% by mass or less of Zr may contain any one or more of them.
- one or more of Zn, Mg, Ag, and Zr are contained in the above-mentioned range, so that these elements form a compound with sulfur (S).
- S sulfur
- Co and P are elements that form precipitates dispersed in the copper matrix.
- the Co content is less than 0.12% by mass and the P content is less than 0.040% by mass, the number of precipitates may be insufficient and the strength may not be sufficiently improved. is there.
- the Co content exceeds 0.40% by mass and the P content exceeds 0.16% by mass, there are many elements that do not contribute to the improvement of the strength, resulting in a decrease in conductivity. There is a risk of inviting.
- the Co content is set in the range of 0.12 mass% to 0.40 mass%
- the P content is set in the range of 0.040 mass% to 0.16 mass%.
- Sn is an element having an action of improving strength by being dissolved in a copper matrix. In addition, it has an effect of promoting precipitation of precipitates containing Co and P as main components and an effect of improving heat resistance and corrosion resistance.
- content of Sn is less than 0.005 mass%, there exists a possibility that the effect mentioned above may not be achieved reliably.
- the Sn content exceeds 0.70% by mass, the conductivity may not be ensured. For this reason, the Sn content is set in the range of 0.005 mass% or more and 0.07 mass% or less.
- Ni is an element that can replace a part of Co and has an effect of suppressing coarsening of crystal grains.
- the content of Ni is less than 0.01% by mass, the above-described functions and effects may not be reliably achieved.
- the Ni content exceeds 0.15% by mass, the conductivity may not be ensured. For this reason, when it contains Ni, it is preferable to make content of Ni into the range of 0.01 mass% or more and 0.15 mass% or less.
- Zn, Mg, Ag, Zr Elements such as Zn, Mg, Ag, and Zr are elements having an effect of generating a compound with sulfur (S) and suppressing the solid solution of sulfur (S) in the copper matrix.
- the content of elements such as Zn, Mg, Ag, and Zr is less than the above lower limit value, the effect of suppressing the solid solution of sulfur (S) in the copper matrix is sufficiently successful. I can't let you.
- the content of elements such as Zn, Mg, Ag, and Zr is larger than the above-described upper limit values, the conductivity may not be ensured. For this reason, when elements, such as Zn, Mg, Ag, and Zr, are contained, it is preferable to be in the above-mentioned range.
- the average particle size is 10 nm or more, and the number of precipitates having a particle size of 5 nm or more is 90% or more of the total precipitates to be observed.
- the observation of the precipitate was performed as follows. Observation was performed with a transmission electron microscope at magnifications of 150,000 and 750,000 times, the area of the precipitate was calculated, and the equivalent circle diameter was calculated as the particle diameter. The precipitates having a particle size of 11 to 100 nm at a magnification of 150,000 times and the precipitates having a particle size of 1 to 10 nm at a magnification of 750,000 times were measured.
- the total number of precipitates observed is the number of precipitates having a particle size of 1 nm or more. Observation with a transmission electron microscope was performed with a visual field area of about 4 ⁇ 10 5 nm 2 when the magnification was 150,000 times and with a visual field area of about 2 ⁇ 10 4 nm 2 when the magnification was 750,000 times.
- the initial tensile strength is TS 0
- the defined heat resistance HR is 90% or more.
- the tensile strength of the copper alloy trolley wire 1 was measured according to JIS Z 2241. Further, the tensile strength TS 1 after the heat treatment was measured at room temperature after being held at 400 ° C. for 2 hours.
- FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a copper alloy trolley wire 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the copper roughing wire 50 made of the copper alloy is continuously produced by a continuous casting and rolling method (continuous casting and rolling step S01).
- continuous casting and rolling step S01 for example, the continuous casting and rolling equipment shown in FIG. 3 is used.
- 3 has a melting furnace A, a holding furnace B, a casting rod C, a belt wheel type continuous casting machine D, a continuous rolling device E, and a coiler F.
- a shaft furnace having a cylindrical furnace body is used as the melting furnace A.
- a plurality of burners (not shown) are arranged in a multistage shape in the vertical direction at the lower part of the furnace body.
- the electrolytic copper which is a raw material is inserted from the upper part of a furnace main body, is melt
- the holding furnace B is for temporarily storing the molten copper produced in the melting furnace A while holding it at a predetermined temperature and sending a certain amount of the molten copper to the casting iron C.
- the cast iron C is for transferring the molten copper sent from the holding furnace B to the tundish 11 disposed above the belt wheel type continuous casting machine D.
- the cast iron C is sealed with, for example, an inert gas such as Ar or a reducing gas.
- the cast iron C is provided with degassing means (not shown) for stirring the molten copper with an inert gas to remove oxygen and the like in the molten metal.
- the tundish 11 is a storage tank provided for continuously supplying molten copper to the belt wheel type continuous casting machine D.
- a pouring nozzle 12 is disposed at the end of the tundish 11 in the flow direction of the molten copper, and the molten copper in the tundish 11 passes to the belt wheel continuous casting machine D via the pouring nozzle 12. It is set as the structure supplied.
- an alloy element addition means (not shown) is provided in the cast iron C and the tundish 11, and the above-mentioned elements (Co, P, Sn) are added to the molten copper. It is said that.
- the belt wheel type continuous casting machine D includes a cast wheel 13 having a groove formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and an endless belt 14 that is circulated so as to contact a part of the outer peripheral surface of the cast wheel 13. .
- molten copper is injected into the space formed between the groove and the endless belt 14 via the pouring nozzle 12, and the molten copper is cooled and solidified.
- the rod-shaped cast copper material 21 is continuously cast.
- a continuous rolling device E is connected to the downstream side of the belt wheel type continuous casting machine D.
- the continuous rolling apparatus E continuously rolls the cast copper material 21 produced from the belt wheel type continuous casting machine D to produce a copper roughing wire 50 having a predetermined outer diameter.
- the copper roughing wire 50 produced from the continuous rolling device E is wound around the coiler F via the cleaning / cooling device 15 and the flaw detector 16.
- the outer diameter of the copper roughing wire 50 produced by the above-mentioned continuous casting and rolling equipment is, for example, 8 mm or more and 30 mm or less, and is 27 mm in this embodiment.
- the cast copper material 21 is held at a relatively high temperature of, for example, 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C., so that many elements such as Co and P are dissolved in the copper matrix. become.
- cold working is performed on the copper roughing wire 50 produced by the continuous casting and rolling step S01 (primary cold working step S02).
- a copper wire having a predetermined cross-sectional shape is processed by a die drawing method, a roll rolling method, a swaging process, or the like.
- an oil-based lubricant is used for the purpose of reducing machining resistance, reducing wear of dies and rolls, cooling materials, and the like.
- the copper wire is stripped (skinning step S03).
- the copper wire obtained by the stripping step S03 has a diameter of about 13 to 22 mm, and is 18 mm in this embodiment.
- an aging heat treatment is performed on the copper wire after the skinning step S03 (aging heat treatment step S04).
- a precipitate made of a compound containing Co and P as main components is deposited.
- the heating rate is 50 ° C./hour to 300 ° C./hour
- the heat treatment temperature is 300 ° C. to 600 ° C.
- the holding time is 0.5 hours to 6 hours.
- second cold working step S05 cold working is performed on the copper wire after the aging heat treatment step S04 to obtain a copper alloy trolley wire having a predetermined cross-sectional shape.
- the processing rate in the secondary cold working step S05 is set to be in the range of 20% to 65%.
- a groove processing is performed on a copper wire having a circular cross section to obtain a copper alloy trolley wire 1 having a cross sectional shape shown in FIG.
- Co 0.12% by mass or more and 0.40% by mass or less, P; 040 mass% or more and 0.16 mass% or less, Sn; 0.005 mass% or more and 0.70 mass% or less are included, and the balance is made of Cu and unavoidable impurities, so in the copper matrix Precipitates made of a compound of Co and P are dispersed, and the strength and electrical conductivity can be improved.
- the Co content is set within a range of 0.12% by mass to 0.40% by mass
- the P content is set within a range of 0.040% by mass to 0.16% by mass. Therefore, the number of precipitates is ensured, the strength can be sufficiently improved, and there is not a large amount of excess Co and P that do not contribute to the improvement of the strength, so that the conductivity can be ensured.
- the Sn content is 0.005% by mass or more, the strength can be improved by solid solution in the copper matrix, and precipitation of precipitates containing Co and P as main components is also possible. It is possible to promote heat resistance and corrosion resistance. On the other hand, since the Sn content is 0.70% by mass or less, a decrease in conductivity can be suppressed.
- the strength can be further improved by these elements.
- the average particle size is 10 nm or more, and the number of precipitates having a particle size of 5 nm or more is 90% or more of the total precipitates to be observed.
- Strength, conductivity, and heat resistance can be improved.
- the strength is further improved by cold working after the aging heat treatment, so that the shape is sufficiently corrected by performing the cold working after the aging heat treatment. Therefore, it is possible to provide the copper alloy trolley wire 1 having excellent shape accuracy.
- the initial tensile strength is TS 0
- the overhead wire tension of 1 can be set high and can be applied to high-speed railways.
- the method for manufacturing the copper alloy trolley wire 1 according to the present embodiment includes an aging heat treatment step S04 and a secondary cold working step S05 performed after the aging heat treatment step S04.
- the working rate is 20% or more and 65% or less
- the strength can be reliably improved and the electrical conductivity can be secured. That is, when the processing rate in the secondary cold working step S05 is less than 20%, the strength may be insufficiently improved.
- the processing rate in secondary cold working process S05 exceeds 65%, there exists a possibility that electrical conductivity may fall by accumulation
- the secondary cold working step S05 is provided with an aging treatment step S04 for depositing precipitates by heat treatment at 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. for 0.5 hours to 6 hours.
- the size and density of the precipitates dispersed in the copper matrix can be adjusted. For example, the number of precipitates having an average particle size of 10 nm or more and a particle size of 5 nm or more is observed. It can be 90% or more of the entire precipitate, and the strength can be improved.
- the copper rough drawing wire 50 is produced by the continuous casting rolling process S01, the copper rough drawing wire 50 can be produced efficiently. Further, for example, since it is held at a high temperature of 800 to 1000 ° C. for a certain period of time, elements such as Co and P are dissolved in the copper matrix, and it is necessary to perform a solution treatment separately. There is no.
- this invention is not limited to this, It can change suitably in the range which does not deviate from the technical idea of the invention.
- the copper alloy trolley wire having a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 1 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a copper alloy trolley wire having another cross-sectional shape may be used.
- a trolley wire for railroads it is not limited to this, You may be used for conveyance machines, such as a crane.
- this embodiment demonstrated as what manufactures a copper rough drawing wire by a continuous casting rolling process, it is not limited to this, A cylindrical ingot (billet) is produced and this ingot is extruded. -You may produce a rough copper wire by cold working. However, when a copper roughing wire is produced by an extrusion method, it is necessary to perform a solution treatment separately. Furthermore, even if it is a case where it manufactures by a continuous casting rolling process, you may implement a solution treatment with respect to a copper rough drawing wire.
- the continuous casting and rolling process is described as being performed using the belt wheel type casting machine shown in FIG. 3, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other continuous casting methods are adopted. Also good.
- HR TS 1 / TS 0 ⁇ 100, JIS Z 2241
- the tensile strength and elongation were also measured using AG-100kNX manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation in accordance with JIS Z 2241.
- the electrical conductivity was measured by a double bridge method according to JIS h 0505.
- the heat resistance, tensile strength, elongation, and conductivity of tough pitch copper as Conventional Example 1 and Cu-0.3 wt% Sn as Conventional Example 2 were measured. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 1 in which the contents of Co and P exceed the upper limit of the present invention, it is confirmed that the conductivity is low.
- Comparative Example 2 in which the contents of Co and P were less than the lower limit of the present invention, the tensile strength was insufficient.
- Comparative Example 3 where the Sn content exceeded the upper limit of the present invention, it was confirmed that the conductivity was low.
- Comparative Example 4 in which the Sn content was less than the lower limit of the present invention, the tensile strength was insufficient.
- Comparative Example 5 in which the average particle size of the precipitates and the ratio of the total number of precipitates in which the number of precipitates having a particle size of 5 nm or more was observed deviated from the scope of the present invention, the conductivity was low. Further, in the conventional examples 1 and 2, the tensile strength is insufficient and the heat resistance is insufficient.
- Example 1-9 of the present invention is excellent in strength, conductivity, and heat resistance. From the results of the above confirmation experiment, it was confirmed that according to the present invention, it is possible to stably provide a copper alloy trolley wire excellent in strength, electrical conductivity, and heat resistance.
- the present invention relates to a copper alloy trolley wire excellent in strength, conductivity, wear resistance, and heat resistance and having excellent shape accuracy, and a method for producing the copper alloy trolley wire.
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Abstract
Description
従来、トロリ線として、例えば特許文献1に開示されているように、Snを0.25~0.35重量%含有したSn入り銅で構成されたものが提供されている。このSn入り銅は、銅の母相中にSnが固溶することによって強化された固溶強化型の銅合金であり、耐摩耗性等に優れている。
ここで、トロリ線の架線張力を高くすることによって、トロリ線における波の伝播速度を高速化することが可能となるため、従来よりもさらに高強度のトロリ線が求められている。
しかしながら、Cr、Zr等を含有する銅合金においては、時効熱処理後に冷間加工を実施すると、導電率等の性能が大きく変化してしまうため、時効熱処理工程を最終製品に近似した形状で実施しなければならず、時効熱処理後に形状の修正を十分に行うことができないといった問題があった。例えば、図1に示す溝付トロリ線の場合、溝加工を実施した後で、時効熱処理を実施する必要があった。
また、Snは、銅の母相中に固溶することによって強度を向上させる作用を有する元素である。また、CoとPとを主成分とする析出物の析出を促進させる効果や、耐熱性、耐食性の向上を図ることもできる。このような作用効果を確実に奏功せしめるためには、Snの含有量を0.005質量%以上とする必要がある。また、Snが過剰に添加された場合には導電率の低下を招くため、Snの含有量は0.70質量%以下とする必要がある。
また、前記析出強化型銅合金は、さらにNi;0.01質量%以上0.15質量%以下を含むことが好ましい。
この構成の銅合金線においては、Niを上述の範囲内で含有しているので、結晶粒の粗大化を抑制でき、強度をさらに向上させることができる。
上述のように、本発明の銅合金トロリ線においては、時効熱処理後に冷間加工することによってさらに強度が向上することから、時効熱処理後に冷間加工を実施して形状の修正を十分に行うことができ、形状精度に優れた銅合金トロリ線を提供することが可能となる。
ここで、冷間加工工程における加工率が20%未満の場合には、強度の向上が不十分となるおそれがある。また、冷間加工工程における加工率が65%を超える場合には、転位の集積と析出物の再固溶によって、導電率が低下してしまうおそれがある。よって、強度、及び、導電率を確保する観点から、冷間加工工程における加工率を20%以上65%以下の範囲内に設定しているのである。
図1に、本発明の実施形態である銅合金トロリ線1の一例を示す。
本実施形態である銅合金トロリ線1は、図1に示すように、金具を装着するための溝2が形成された溝付トロリ線とされている。この銅合金トロリ線1は、溝2の一方側(図1において下側)に設けられた第一円弧部3と、溝2の他方側(図1において上側)に設けられた第二円弧部4と、を備えており、第一円弧部3がパンタグラフに摺接する構成とされている。
ここで、鉄道用のトロリ線は、断面積によって規格化されており、本実施形態である銅合金トロリ線1においては、断面積が110mm2とされている。
また、前記析出強化型銅合金は、さらにNi;0.01質量%以上0.15質量%以下を含むことが好ましい。
なお、この銅合金においては、さらに、0.002質量%以上0.5質量%以下のZn、0.002質量%以上0.25質量%以下のMg、0.002質量%以上0.25質量%以下のAg、0.001質量%以上0.1質量%以下のZrのうち、いずれか1種以上を含有してもよい。
この構成の銅合金線においては、Zn,Mg,Ag,Zrのいずれか1種または2種以上を上述の範囲で含有しているので、これらの元素が硫黄(S)と化合物を形成することにより、銅の母相中に硫黄(S)が固溶することを抑制でき、強度等の機械的特性の劣化を抑制することができる。
以下に、各元素の含有量を上述の範囲内に設定した理由について説明する。
CoとPは、銅の母相中に分散する析出物を形成する元素である。
ここで、Coの含有量が0.12質量%未満およびPの含有量が0.040質量%未満の場合には、析出物の個数が不足し、強度を充分に向上させることができないおそれがある。一方、Coの含有量が0.40質量%超えおよびPの含有量が0.16質量%超えの場合には、強度の向上に寄与しない元素が多く存在してしまい、導電率の低下等を招くおそれがある。
このため、Coの含有量を0.12質量%以上0.40質量%以下、Pの含有量を0.040質量%以上0.16質量%以下の範囲内に設定している。
Snは、銅の母相中に固溶することによって強度を向上させる作用を有する元素である。また、CoとPとを主成分とする析出物の析出を促進させる効果や、耐熱性、耐食性を向上させる作用も有する。
ここで、Snの含有量が0.005質量%未満の場合には、上述した作用効果を確実に奏功せしめることができないおそれがある。一方、Snの含有量が0.70質量%を超える場合には、導電率を確保できなくなるおそれがある。
このため、Snの含有量を0.005質量%以上0.07質量%以下の範囲内に設定している。
Niは、Coの一部を代替することができ、結晶粒の粗大化を抑制する作用効果を有する元素である。
ここで、Niの含有量が0.01質量%未満の場合には、上述した作用効果を確実に奏功せしめることができないおそれがある。一方、Niの含有量が0.15質量%を超える場合には、導電率を確保できなくなるおそれがある。
このため、Niを含有する場合には、Niの含有量を0.01質量%以上0.15質量%以下の範囲内とすることが好ましい。
Zn,Mg,Ag,Zrといった元素は、硫黄(S)と化合物を生成し、銅の母相中への硫黄(S)の固溶を抑制する作用効果を有する元素である。
ここで、Zn,Mg,Ag,Zrといった元素の含有量がそれぞれ上述の下限値より少ない場合には、銅の母相中への硫黄(S)の固溶を抑制する作用効果を十分に奏功せしめることができない。一方、Zn,Mg,Ag,Zrといった元素の含有量がそれぞれ上述の上限値より多い場合には、導電率を確保できなくなるおそれがある。
このため、Zn,Mg,Ag,Zrといった元素を含有する場合には、それぞれ上述の範囲内とすることが好ましい。
ここで、析出物の観察は、次のようにして実施した。透過型電子顕微鏡によって倍率15万倍および75万倍で観察し、当該析出物の面積を算出してその円相当径を粒径として算出した。なお、倍率15万倍で11~100nmの粒径の析出物を、倍率75万倍で1~10nmの粒径の析出物を測定した。倍率75万倍での観察では1nm未満の析出物は明確に判別できないことから、観察される析出物全体の個数は粒径1nm以上の析出物の個数となる。また、透過型電子顕微鏡による観察は、倍率15万倍の場合は視野面積約4×105nm2 、倍率75万倍の場合は視野面積約2×104nm2 で実施した。
なお、本実施形態では、銅合金トロリ線1の引張強さの測定は、JIS Z 2241に準拠して実施した。また、熱処理後の引張強さTS1は、400℃×2時間保持後に常温で測定した。
まず、上記銅合金からなる銅荒引線50を連続鋳造圧延法によって連続的に製出する(連続鋳造圧延工程S01)。この連続鋳造圧延工程S01においては、例えば図3に示す連続鋳造圧延設備が用いられる。
この連続圧延装置Eから製出された銅荒引線50は、洗浄冷却装置15及び探傷器16を介してコイラーFに巻き取られる。
ここで、上述の連続鋳造圧延設備によって製出される銅荒引線50の外径は、例えば8mm以上30mm以下とされており、本実施形態では27mmとされている。
そして、この連続鋳造圧延工程S01では、鋳造銅材21が、例えば800℃から1000℃の比較的高温で保持されることから、Co、Pといった元素が銅の母相中に多く固溶することになる。
ここで、時効熱処理工程S04では、昇温速度が50℃/時間以上300℃/時間以下、熱処理温度が300℃以上600℃以下、保持時間が0.5時間以上6時間以下の条件で実施される。
ここで、この2次冷間加工工程S05における加工率は、20%以上65%以下の範囲内となるように設定されている。
この2次冷間加工工程S05においては、断面円形の銅線材に対して溝加工を実施し、図1に示す断面形状の銅合金トロリ線1とする。
また、本実施形態である銅合金トロリ線1においては、時効熱処理後に冷間加工することによってさらに強度が向上することから、時効熱処理後に冷間加工を実施して形状の修正を十分に行うことができ、形状精度に優れた銅合金トロリ線1を提供することが可能となる。
例えば、本実施形態では、図1に示す断面形状の銅合金トロリ線として説明したが、これに限定されることはなく、他の断面形状の銅合金トロリ線であってもよい。また、鉄道用トロリ線として説明したが、これに限定されることはなく、クレーン等の搬送機械に用いられるものであってもよい。
また、本実施形態では、連続鋳造圧延工程を図3に示すベルトホイール式鋳造機を用いて実施するものとして説明したが、これに限定されることはなく、他の連続鋳造法を採用してもよい。
ベルトホイール式連続鋳造機を備えた連続鋳造圧延設備を用いて、表1に示す組成の銅合金からなる銅荒引線(直径27mm)を製出した。この銅荒引線に対して、1次冷間加工を実施して直径20mmとし、皮剥ぎを実施した後に、表1に示す条件で時効熱処理を施した。その後、表1に示す条件で2次冷間加工を実施し、断面積110mm2の溝付トロリ線を製造した。
耐熱性HRは、初期の引張強さをTS0、400℃×2時間保持後の引張強さをTS1として、HR=TS1/TS0×100で定義されるものであり、JIS Z 2241に準拠し、島津製作所製AG-100kNXを用いて、初期の引張強さTS0、400℃×2時間保持後の引張強さTS1として測定して算出した。
引張強さ、伸びについても、上述のように、JIS Z 2241に準拠し、島津製作所製AG-100kNXを用いて測定した。
導電率は、JIS h 0505に準拠して、ダブルブリッジ法によって測定した。
なお、従来例1としてタフピッチ銅、従来例2としてCu-0.3wt%Snについて、耐熱性、引張強さ、伸び、導電率を測定した。
評価結果を表2に示す。
CoおよびPの含有量が本発明の下限値未満とされた比較例2においては、引張強さが不十分であった。
Snの含有量が本発明の上限値を超えた比較例3においては、導電率が低くなっていることが確認される。
Snの含有量が本発明の下限値未満とされた比較例4においては、引張強さが不十分であった。
析出物の平均粒径及び粒径5nm以上の析出物の個数が観察される析出物全体割合が本発明の範囲から外れた比較例5においては、導電率が低くなっていた。
また、従来例1,2においては、引張強度が不足しており、耐熱性も不十分であった。
以上の確認実験の結果から、本発明によれば、強度、導電率、耐熱性に優れた銅合金トロリ線を安定して提供することが可能であることが確認された。
2 溝
3 第一円弧部
4 第二円弧部
Claims (2)
- Co;0.12質量%以上0.40質量%以下、P;0.040質量%以上0.16質量%以下、Sn;0.005質量%以上0.70質量%以下を含み、残部がCu及び不可避不純物からなり、
平均粒径を10nm以上とし、かつ、粒径5nm以上の析出物の個数が観察される析出物全体の90%以上とされており、
初期の引張強さをTS0、400℃×2時間保持後の引張強さをTS1として、
HR=TS1/TS0×100
で定義される耐熱性HRが90%以上であることを特徴とする銅合金トロリ線。 - 請求項1に記載の銅合金トロリ線の製造方法であって、
時効熱処理工程と、この時効熱処理工程の後に実施される冷間加工工程と、を有し、
前記冷間加工工程における加工率が20%以上65%以下の範囲内とされていることを特徴とする銅合金トロリ線の製造方法。
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| KR20147036659A KR20150035779A (ko) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | 구리 합금 트롤리선 및 구리 합금 트롤리선의 제조 방법 |
| CN201280074155.9A CN104379783A (zh) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | 铜合金滑接线及铜合金滑接线的制造方法 |
| US14/415,951 US20150144235A1 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Copper alloy trolley wire and method for manufacturing copper alloy trolley wire |
| EP12882251.7A EP2883970A4 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Overlay wire made of a copper alloy and method for producing a top wire from a copper alloy |
| PCT/JP2012/069493 WO2014020707A1 (ja) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | 銅合金トロリ線及び銅合金トロリ線の製造方法 |
| IN537DEN2015 IN2015DN00537A (ja) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 |
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| PCT/JP2012/069493 WO2014020707A1 (ja) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | 銅合金トロリ線及び銅合金トロリ線の製造方法 |
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| EP (1) | EP2883970A4 (ja) |
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| JP2018083973A (ja) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-05-31 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 銅合金部材の製造方法 |
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| JP6202131B1 (ja) * | 2016-04-12 | 2017-09-27 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 銅合金製バッキングチューブ及び銅合金製バッキングチューブの製造方法 |
| CN117831837B (zh) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-05-24 | 云南百冠电线电缆有限公司 | 一种镀锡铜导体防漏电可分离双层绝缘电线及加工工艺 |
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| JPH0356632A (ja) | 1989-07-25 | 1991-03-12 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | トロリー線用銅合金 |
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| JP5380117B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-11 | 2014-01-08 | 三菱伸銅株式会社 | 電線導体の製造方法、電線導体、絶縁電線及びワイヤーハーネス |
| KR101939555B1 (ko) * | 2012-07-31 | 2019-01-17 | 미쓰비시 마테리알 가부시키가이샤 | 구리 합금선 및 구리 합금선의 제조 방법 |
| EP2881476A4 (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2016-07-06 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | COPPER ALLOY WIRE AND COPPER ALLOY WAXING PROCESSING |
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2012
- 2012-07-31 CN CN201280074155.9A patent/CN104379783A/zh active Pending
- 2012-07-31 EP EP12882251.7A patent/EP2883970A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-07-31 KR KR20147036659A patent/KR20150035779A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2012-07-31 US US14/415,951 patent/US20150144235A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-07-31 WO PCT/JP2012/069493 patent/WO2014020707A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2012-07-31 IN IN537DEN2015 patent/IN2015DN00537A/en unknown
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| JPS5943332B2 (ja) | 1981-02-25 | 1984-10-22 | 日本国有鉄道 | トロリ−線 |
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| JPH05311284A (ja) | 1992-05-08 | 1993-11-22 | Railway Technical Res Inst | 銅合金トロリ線 |
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| JP2018083973A (ja) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-05-31 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 銅合金部材の製造方法 |
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| EP2883970A1 (en) | 2015-06-17 |
| EP2883970A4 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
| KR20150035779A (ko) | 2015-04-07 |
| CN104379783A (zh) | 2015-02-25 |
| US20150144235A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 |
| IN2015DN00537A (ja) | 2015-06-26 |
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