WO2014017410A1 - アクリル酸系重合体組成物及びその製造方法、並びにその用途 - Google Patents
アクリル酸系重合体組成物及びその製造方法、並びにその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/38—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F120/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F120/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F120/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
- C08F120/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
- C08F220/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0071—Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dehydrating agents; Dispersing agents; Dustfree compositions
- C09B67/0084—Dispersions of dyes
- C09B67/0085—Non common dispersing agents
- C09B67/009—Non common dispersing agents polymeric dispersing agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an acrylic acid polymer composition, a method for producing the same, and uses thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to an acrylic polymer composition useful for a dispersant, a detergent, an inorganic precipitation inhibitor, and the like, and a method for producing the same.
- Acrylic acid-based polymers such as polyacrylic acid soda are industrially important compounds used for a wide range of applications such as pigment dispersants, detergent builders or inorganic precipitation inhibitors, and have a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 30,000.
- An acrylic acid polymer having a low molecular weight and a narrow molecular weight distribution is preferably used.
- a chain transfer agent to adjust the molecular weight, and various chains such as mercapto compounds, bisulfite compounds, hypophosphite compounds, alcohol compounds, etc.
- a transfer agent is used.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a novel cotelomer compound and a method for producing the same effective in suppressing metal corrosion and / or scale deposition from an aqueous system and / or promoting dispersion of particles in the aqueous system.
- Patent Document 2 shows that a dispersant produced using sodium hypophosphite as a chain transfer agent is excellent in terms of suppressing initial viscosity and gelation tendency in dispersion of calcium carbonate particles. Has been.
- the applicant also uses an aqueous isopropyl alcohol solution as a solvent to obtain an acrylic acid-based polymer obtained by a method comprising a step of polymerizing a monomer containing acrylic acid in the presence of hypophosphite and persulfate.
- a coalescence is disclosed, which shows that it exhibits good performance as a dispersant for calcium carbonate (Patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 1 uses a large amount of a chain transfer agent such as sodium hypophosphite in order to obtain a polymer having a low molecular weight.
- a chain transfer agent such as sodium hypophosphite
- a pigment is used when used as a pigment dispersant.
- the viscosity of the dispersion increased with time.
- Patent Document 2 does not specifically describe the amount of sodium hypophosphite used or the temperature conditions during the polymerization reaction, and depending on these conditions, for example, the performance such as pigment dispersibility may be insufficient. was there.
- Patent Document 3 in order to reduce the content of phosphite and phosphate, which are by-products generated from hypophosphite, polymerization of acrylic acid-based polymer with hypophosphite below a specific amount is performed. It is what you do. However, for example, in the manufacture of coated paper, there is a tendency for the demand for atomization of the calcium carbonate dispersion liquid to increase the gloss, and when used as a dispersant for such applications, the dispersibility and dispersion are still high. There remains room for improvement in terms of stability.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a low molecular weight acrylic polymer composition having a narrow molecular weight distribution capable of exhibiting excellent performance when used in applications such as pigment dispersants, detergents and inorganic precipitation inhibitors, and It is to provide a production method for efficiently obtaining the composition without using a large amount of chain transfer agent.
- the present inventors have found that in an acrylic acid polymer composition comprising acrylic acid and a phosphorous acid compound and / or a hypophosphorous acid compound as raw material components, the acrylic acid type It has been found that the polymer composition contains a specific amount of phosphite ion, thereby exhibiting excellent dispersion performance, and the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention is as follows.
- a method for producing an acrylic acid polymer composition comprising 0.5 to 4.5 parts of a hypophosphorous acid compound with respect to 100 parts by mass of all the constituent monomer units of the polymer, In addition, a method for producing an acrylic acid polymer composition, wherein 1 to 50% by mass of the total amount of the hypophosphorous acid compound is charged into a reactor before monomer supply.
- a method for producing an acrylic acid polymer composition as described in [1] above, wherein a mixed solution of water and isopropyl alcohol is used as a polymerization solvent.
- An acrylic acid-based polymer composition comprising acrylic acid and a phosphorous acid compound and / or a hypophosphorous acid compound as raw material components.
- An acrylic acid polymer composition characterized by containing ⁇ 1,000 mass ppm.
- the acrylic polymer composition of the present invention has excellent dispersibility and dispersion stability, it exhibits excellent performance in applications such as inorganic pigment dispersants such as calcium carbonate, detergents, and inorganic precipitation inhibitors.
- inorganic pigment dispersants such as calcium carbonate, detergents, and inorganic precipitation inhibitors.
- the acrylic acid polymer can be efficiently produced without using a large amount of chain transfer agent or the like.
- the present invention relates to an acrylic acid polymer composition containing a specific amount of phosphite ion and a method for producing the same.
- the present invention will be described in detail below.
- “(co) polymer” means a homopolymer and / or copolymer
- “(meth) acryl” means acryl and / or methacryl.
- the acrylic acid polymer composition of the present invention includes an acrylic acid polymer containing acrylic acid as an essential constituent monomer component. Accordingly, it may be a homopolymer of acrylic acid or a copolymer containing acrylic acid as a part of the constituent monomers.
- the monomer other than acrylic acid (hereinafter also referred to as “other monomer”) is not particularly limited as long as it is a monomer copolymerizable with acrylic acid.
- a vinyl monomer (polymerizable unsaturated compound) having radical polymerizability is exemplified.
- vinyl monomers examples include ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids other than acrylic acid, neutralized salts of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester compounds, aromatic vinyl compounds, and acid anhydrides.
- Examples thereof include compounds and conjugated dienes. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester compounds and polyoxyalkylene group-containing vinyl compounds are preferred from the viewpoint of the physical properties (dispersion stability, coloration suppression, etc.) of the resulting dispersant.
- ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids other than acrylic acid include methacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, phthalic anhydride half-esterified with alkyl alcohol, and itaconic anhydride And those obtained by half-esterification with alkyl alcohol.
- Examples of the neutralized salt of the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid include ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids in which carboxyl groups such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, and crotonic acid are neutralized. Salt.
- Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated carboxylate include alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts, and organic amine salts.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester compounds include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, and n-butyl (meth) acrylate.
- aromatic vinyl compound examples include styrene, 2-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, 2,4-diisopropylstyrene, and 4-tert-butylstyrene.
- acid anhydride monomer examples include maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, and the like.
- amino group-containing vinyl compound examples include dimethylaminomethyl (meth) acrylate, diethylaminomethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) 2- (di-n-propylamino) ethyl acrylate, 2-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-diethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (di-n-propylamino) (meth) acrylate And propyl, 3-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-diethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate, 3- (di-n-propylamino) propyl (meth) acrylate, and the like.
- amide group-containing vinyl compound examples include (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N-methylol (meth) acrylamide and the like.
- sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl compound examples include methallylsulfonic acid, acrylamido-2-methyl-2-propanesulfonic acid, and the like.
- polyoxyalkylene group-containing vinyl compound examples include (meth) acrylic acid esters of alcohols having a polyoxyethylene group and / or a polyoxypropylene group.
- alkoxyl group-containing vinyl compound examples include 2-methoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (n-propoxy) ethyl (meth) acrylate, and 2- (meth) acrylic acid 2- (N-butoxy) ethyl, 3-methoxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-ethoxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (n-propoxy) propyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (n) (meth) acrylate -Butoxy) propyl and the like.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic acid ester compound having a cyano group include cyanomethyl (meth) acrylate, 1-cyanoethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-cyanoethyl (meth) acrylate, 1-cyanopropyl (meth) acrylate, (Meth) acrylic acid 2-cyanopropyl, (meth) acrylic acid 3-cyanopropyl, (meth) acrylic acid 4-cyanobutyl, (meth) acrylic acid 6-cyanohexyl, (meth) acrylic acid 2-ethyl-6- And cyanohexyl and 8-cyanooctyl (meth) acrylate.
- vinyl cyanide compound examples include acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, ethacrylonitrile and the like.
- Examples of the vinyl ether compound include vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl-n-butyl ether, vinyl phenyl ether, vinyl cyclohexyl ether and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the vinyl ester monomer include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, and vinyl propionate.
- Examples of the conjugated dienes include 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 4, Examples include 5-diethyl-1,3-octadiene, 3-butyl-1,3-octadiene, chloroprene and the like.
- maleimide compounds such as maleimide, N-methylmaleimide, N-butylmaleimide, N-phenylmaleimide, N-cyclohexylmaleimide; maleic acid ester compounds; itaconic acid ester compounds; N-vinyl heterocyclic compounds such as vinylpyridine Is mentioned.
- maleic anhydride acrylamide-2-methyl-2-propanesulfonic acid, and the like are preferable.
- acrylic acid for example, when used in a pigment dispersant, the adsorption to the pigment and the affinity to the solvent are excellent, and the dispersibility can be improved.
- the content of acrylic acid is preferably 80% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total monomer. % Or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and still more preferably 95% by mass.
- the case where the total amount of monomers is acrylic acid is particularly preferably 100% by mass.
- the acrylic acid content is 80% by mass or more, the solubility of the resulting dispersant in water can be made sufficient.
- a phosphorous acid compound and / or a hypophosphorous acid compound is used as a raw material component.
- the compound include phosphorous acid and hypophosphorous acid, and sodium salts, potassium salts, lithium salts, calcium salts, magnesium salts, and barium salts thereof. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- sodium phosphite and sodium hypophosphite are preferable from the viewpoint that performance such as dispersibility of the obtained acrylic acid polymer composition is good, and sodium hypophosphite is particularly preferable.
- the said phosphorous acid compound and / or a hypophosphorous acid compound can be used at the arbitrary processes in manufacture of an acrylic acid type polymer composition. For example, it may be used as a chain transfer agent in a polymerization reaction for obtaining an acrylic acid polymer, or may be added and mixed after the polymerization reaction is completed.
- the acrylic acid polymer composition of the present invention contains 20 to 1,000 ppm by mass of phosphite ion based on the solid content of the acrylic acid polymer.
- concentration of the phosphite ion can be adjusted by adding a phosphite compound at any step in the production of the acrylic acid polymer composition.
- a hypophosphite compound is used as a chain transfer agent, the hypophosphite compound is oxidized depending on the use conditions, and phosphite ions are by-produced.
- the origin of the phosphite ion contained in the acrylic acid polymer composition is not limited.
- the phosphite ion When the phosphite ion is less than 20 ppm by mass, and when it exceeds 1,000 ppm by mass, the performance of the acrylic acid polymer composition such as dispersibility and ability to suppress precipitation of inorganic matter may be insufficient. .
- a preferred range for the phosphite ion is 30 to 500 ppm by mass, and a more preferred range is 50 to 200 ppm by mass.
- the phosphite ion concentration in the acrylic acid polymer composition As described above, in the present invention, by setting the phosphite ion concentration in the acrylic acid polymer composition to 20 to 1,000 ppm by mass, excellent dispersibility, inorganic precipitation control ability, etc. can be exhibited. It becomes possible. The effect of the phosphite ion concentration on the performance such as dispersibility is not clear, but the presence of a small amount of phosphite is estimated to improve the adsorption performance of the acrylic polymer as a dispersant. ing.
- the acrylic acid polymer composition of the present invention preferably contains hypophosphite ions in the range of 200 to 5,000 mass ppm, more preferably 500, based on the solid content of the acrylic acid polymer. It is in the range of ⁇ 4,000 mass ppm, more preferably 1,000 to 3,000 mass ppm. In the case of 200 mass ppm or more, there is a tendency that the dispersion performance of the acrylic acid polymer composition is improved.
- calcium hypophosphite composed of hypophosphite ions and calcium ions is a compound having a relatively high solubility in water.
- hypophosphite ion concentration is too high, the proportion of the acrylic acid polymer, which is an active ingredient in the composition, decreases, so it is desirable that the upper limit be about 5,000 mass ppm.
- the said hypophosphite ion concentration can be adjusted exclusively by the usage-amount of the hypophosphite compound mentioned later.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the acrylic polymer in the present invention is preferably in the range of 3,000 to 30,000, more preferably in the range of 3,000 to 20,000, and even more preferably 4 , 10,000 to 10,000. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 3,000, the dispersion stability may be insufficient when an acrylic acid polymer is used as a dispersant. If the weight average molecular weight exceeds 30,000, a high molecular weight heavy unsuitable for dispersion may be obtained. Dispersibility may be insufficient due to an increased proportion of coalescence.
- the weight average molecular weight can be measured by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using a standard substance such as sodium polyacrylate.
- a hypophosphorous acid compound is used as a chain transfer agent.
- the amount used is 0.5 to 4.5 parts by weight, preferably 1.0 to 4.0 parts by weight, more preferably 1.5 to 3.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer. It is.
- the amount of the hypophosphite compound is within the above range, a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 3,000 to 30,000 can be obtained efficiently.
- concentration of the hypophosphite ion in an acrylic acid type polymer composition can be made into a preferable range.
- by making the usage-amount of a hypophosphite compound 4.5 mass parts or less it becomes easy to control a phosphite ion concentration to 1,000 mass ppm or less.
- the reactor corresponding to 1 to 50% by mass of the total amount of the hypophosphorous acid compound before supplying the monomer.
- the range is preferably 5 to 40% by mass, more preferably 10 to 30% by mass.
- a hypophosphite compound Prior to the monomer supply, a hypophosphite compound is charged into the reactor at 1% by mass or more of the total amount, whereby the phosphite ion concentration in the resulting acrylic acid polymer composition is defined in the present invention. It becomes easy to adjust to the required amount (20 mass ppm). Moreover, by setting it as 50 mass% or less, it becomes easy to adjust the phosphite ion density
- acrylic acid polymers used for applications such as dispersants such as inorganic pigments, detergent builders, and inorganic precipitation inhibitors are low molecular weight acrylic acid heavy polymers having a weight average molecular weight of about 3,000 to 30,000.
- the coalescence is preferable, and the molecular weight distribution is preferably as narrow as possible.
- a high molecular weight polymer having a molecular weight of about 100,000 or more may not only increase the viscosity of the system, but may also bridge dispersoid particles by adsorbing to a plurality of dispersoid surfaces. It is an unsuitable component for dispersion. Therefore, it is preferable that the above high molecular weight components are as small as possible.
- the polymerization method of the acrylic acid polymer is not particularly limited, but an aqueous solution polymerization method is preferable.
- the dispersant can be obtained as a uniform solution.
- Water or a mixed solution of water and an organic solvent can be used as a polymerization solvent in the aqueous solution polymerization.
- Preferred organic solvents when using a mixed solution of water and an organic solvent include alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol and ketones such as acetone, with isopropyl alcohol being particularly preferred.
- the water / isopropyl alcohol mixed solution can be used as a reaction solvent and a chain transfer agent, when a phosphorous acid compound and / or a hypophosphorous acid compound is used as a chain transfer agent, the amount of use should be reduced. Is possible and preferred.
- the isopropyl alcohol concentration of the isopropyl alcohol aqueous solution is preferably 5% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less, more preferably 10 to 80% by mass, still more preferably 15 to 60% by mass, and particularly preferably 15 to 55% by mass. %, And may be 20 to 50% by mass or 30 to 50% by mass.
- concentration of isopropyl alcohol is 5% by mass or more, the chain transfer effect as a chain transfer agent possessed by isopropyl alcohol works effectively. Further, if the concentration of isopropyl alcohol is increased, the action of the chain transfer effect is also improved accordingly.
- the amount of isopropyl alcohol used is preferably 15 to 80 parts by mass, more preferably 45 to 75 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the monomer.
- the amount of isopropyl alcohol used is 15 parts by mass or more, the chain transfer effect of isopropyl alcohol works effectively.
- the solubility of a raw material improves that it is 80 mass parts or less.
- isopropyl alcohol When a mixed liquid of water and isopropyl alcohol is used as the polymerization solvent, isopropyl alcohol can be distilled out of the system by reducing the pressure of the reaction system and / or heating the reaction system after the completion of the polymerization reaction. Thereby, isopropyl alcohol can be distilled off from the reaction solution.
- the isopropyl alcohol distilled off is usually an azeotrope with water. Therefore, in the concentration step, isopropyl alcohol is distilled off from the reaction solution as an aqueous solution, and a concentrated composition in which isopropyl alcohol and water are reduced is obtained.
- the method for distilling off isopropyl alcohol in the concentration step is not particularly limited.
- water and isopropyl alcohol can be distilled out of the system by subjecting the reaction system to reduced pressure and keeping its internal temperature at or above the azeotropic temperature of isopropyl alcohol.
- water and isopropyl alcohol may be distilled out of the system by passing the reaction solution through a thin film evaporator under reduced pressure.
- the content of isopropyl alcohol contained in the concentrated composition obtained by the concentration step is preferably 1% by mass or less, more preferably 5000 ppm or less, still more preferably 2000 ppm by mass or less, and particularly preferably 1000% by mass. ppm or less.
- radical polymerization initiators include persulfates such as sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate, hydroperoxides such as t-butyl hydroperoxide, water-soluble peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and the like.
- Oil-soluble peroxides such as ketone peroxides such as oxide and cyclohexanone peroxide, dialkyl peroxides such as di-t-butyl peroxide and t-butylcumyl peroxide, 2,2′-azobis (2-methyl) And azo compounds such as propionamidine) dihydrochloride.
- the above peroxide-based radical polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- persulfates and azo compounds are preferable, and persulfates are particularly preferable because the polymerization reaction can be easily controlled.
- the radical polymerization initiator is diluted with, for example, an aqueous medium and supplied to the reactor from a supply port different from that of the monomer.
- the ratio of the radical polymerization initiator used is not particularly limited, but is a ratio of 0.1 to 15% by weight, particularly 0.5 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of all monomers constituting the acrylic acid polymer. Is preferably used. By making this proportion 0.1% by weight or more, the (co) polymerization rate can be improved, and by making it 15% by weight or less, the stability of the resulting polymer is improved and used for a dispersant or the like. When it is done, it will have excellent performance.
- a water-soluble redox polymerization initiator may be used as a polymerization initiator.
- a redox polymerization initiator a combination of an oxidizing agent (for example, the above-described peroxide) and a reducing agent such as sodium bisulfite, ammonium bisulfite, sodium sulfite, sodium hydrosulfite, iron alum, potassium alum, etc. Can be mentioned.
- an oxidizing agent for example, the above-described peroxide
- a reducing agent such as sodium bisulfite, ammonium bisulfite, sodium sulfite, sodium hydrosulfite, iron alum, potassium alum, etc.
- the polymerization temperature in the polymerization reaction for obtaining the acrylic polymer is preferably in the range of 68 to 82 ° C, more preferably in the range of 70 to 80 ° C.
- the polymerization temperature referred to here includes the temperature in the polymerization reaction and the subsequent aging step.
- the polymerization reaction may be a batch polymerization method or a continuous polymerization method.
- the time required for the step of supplying the raw material (raw material composition) containing the monomer is preferably 2 to 12 hours, more preferably 3 to 8 hours. If the required time is 2 hours or longer, it is easy to remove the heat of polymerization, and if it is 12 hours or shorter, the productivity is increased.
- the process is preferably performed by a multistage CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactor having a plurality of reaction tanks).
- the average residence time in each reaction tank is preferably 60 to 240 minutes, more preferably 80 to 180 minutes. When the average residence time is 60 minutes or longer, unreacted monomers can be reduced.
- the size of a reaction tank can be made small as it is 240 minutes or less.
- the specific operation method in the polymerization reaction is not particularly limited.
- a polymerization solvent such as water or water / alcohol
- a raw material mixture consisting of a monomer, a polymerization solvent for dilution, and a chain transfer agent, and a polymerization initiator are added dropwise thereto to carry out a polymerization reaction.
- a raw material mixture comprising a monomer, a polymerization solvent and a chain transfer agent is prepared, and the raw material mixture and a polymerization initiator are dropped into a reaction vessel to carry out a polymerization reaction.
- a predetermined amount of a polymerization solvent is charged into a reaction vessel, and the temperature is raised to the same temperature as the reaction temperature or a temperature close thereto and maintained. A monomer, a chain transfer agent, and a polymerization initiator are dripped there, and a polymerization reaction is performed.
- the embodiment (1) is preferred because a uniform polymer is obtained.
- a predetermined amount (20 to 80% by mass of the total amount used) of a polymerization solvent (water or water / alcohol, etc.) is previously added to the reaction vessel at the same temperature as the reaction temperature. Keep at close temperature.
- a raw material mixture composed of the remaining polymerization solvent charged into the reaction vessel, a monomer, and a chain transfer agent (phosphite and / or hypophosphite) is prepared. Then, it can be set as the method of dripping the said raw material mixture and a polymerization initiator to the said reaction container, and performing a polymerization reaction.
- alkaline agent neutralizing agent
- alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide
- alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide
- ammonia and monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine Organic amines, etc., etc.
- alkali metal hydroxides that generate less volatile components are preferred, and sodium hydroxide is more preferred.
- the acrylic polymer composition according to the present invention contains a specific concentration of phosphite ion, it exhibits excellent performance in applications such as pigment dispersants, detergents, and inorganic precipitation inhibitors.
- the pigment dispersant it can be used as a dispersant for obtaining an aqueous dispersion for various pigments. Among them, it is useful as a dispersant for obtaining an inorganic pigment dispersion such as calcium carbonate.
- the amount of the dispersant is not particularly limited, but the acrylic polymer is used with respect to 100 parts by mass of calcium carbonate. It is preferable to blend so that 0.1 to 10.0 parts by mass and the aqueous medium may be 25 to 100 parts by mass.
- the calcium carbonate slurry can be obtained by wet-grinding the mixture of the dispersing agent containing calcium carbonate and acrylic polymer blended as described above by a known method.
- the acrylic acid polymer composition of the present invention When used as a dispersant, it is excellent in dispersibility of calcium carbonate, and is suitably used as a dispersant for calcium carbonate when obtaining a calcium carbonate slurry by wet grinding of calcium carbonate. Used.
- the calcium carbonate slurry obtained using the dispersant of the present invention has a low initial viscosity, a remarkable increase in viscosity with time is suppressed, and a slurry having excellent long-term dispersion stability can be obtained.
- part means part by mass
- % means mass%
- Example 1 A flask equipped with a stirrer and a condenser was charged with 500 g of an aqueous solution having a isopropyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as “IPA”) concentration of 36% and 3 g of sodium hypophosphite and kept at 75 ° C. A solution prepared by mixing 600 g of acrylic acid, 17 g of sodium hypophosphite, and 270 g of an aqueous solution having an IPA concentration of 36%, and 40 g of a 15% sodium persulfate aqueous solution were supplied to this flask over 4 hours. After completion of dropping, the reaction solution was held at 75 ° C. for 1 hour.
- IPA isopropyl alcohol
- IPA was distilled off under reduced pressure while adding deionized water until the IPA concentration reached 1000 ppm or less. Subsequently, the reaction solution was kept at 75 ° C., and a 32% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and deionized water were supplied. Thus, an acrylic acid polymer composition E1 having a solid content concentration of 40% and a pH of 6 was obtained.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of E1 was measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the measurement conditions of GPC are HLC8020 system (Tosoh), G4000PWxl, G3000PWxl, G2500PWxl (Tosoh) are connected and used as eluent, 0.1M NaCl + phosphate buffer (PH7), and the calibration curve is It was prepared using polyacrylic acid Na (manufactured by Sowa Kagaku) It was Mw6000 as a result of the measurement.
- the phosphite ion content and phosphate ion content of E1 were measured by 31P-NMR.
- JNM-ECA400 manufactured by JEOL Ltd.
- heavy water was used as a solvent.
- hypophosphorous acid was obtained near 8.0 ppm, and a peak due to phosphorous acid was obtained near 3.0 ppm.
- the content of hypophosphite ion was 1700 ppm and the content of phosphorous acid ion was 100 ppm.
- the viscosity on the wet pulverization day was 210 mPa ⁇ s, and the viscosity after 7 days was 1800 mPa ⁇ s.
- the 2 [mu] m under and 1 [mu] m under integrated values of this slurry were measured using a particle size distribution measuring device Sedigraph 5120 (manufactured by Micromeritics). The 2 ⁇ m under integrated value was 100%, and the 1 ⁇ m under integrated value was 84%.
- ⁇ Light calcium carbonate dispersion test 10 g of E1, 230 g of ion-exchanged water, and 770 g of light calcium carbonate powder were put into a cylindrical container and dispersed by stirring at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes.
- the viscosity immediately after dispersion of the slurry and the viscosity after standing at 25 ° C. for 7 days were measured using a B-type viscometer under the conditions of 25 ° C. and 60 rpm.
- the viscosity immediately after dispersion was 290 mPa ⁇ s, and the viscosity after 7 days was 1100 mPa ⁇ s.
- a detergent composition comprising 20% dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 10% sodium silicate, 10% anhydrous sodium carbonate, 40% anhydrous sodium sulfate and 20% E1 was prepared.
- 1 L of Nagoya city water and 1 g of detergent composition were added to a stirring laundry tester, and 5 pieces of 10 cm ⁇ 10 cm artificially contaminated cloth (made by the Laundry Science Association) were added. After washing at 25 ° C. for 5 minutes, rinsing was performed for 5 minutes. After the cloth was dried, the surface reflectivity of the cloth was measured with a surface reflectometer, and the cleaning rate was calculated from the following formula. As a result, a value of 55% was obtained.
- Cleaning rate (%) (R W ⁇ R S ) / (R 0 ⁇ R S ) ⁇ 100 here, R W : Surface reflectance of artificially contaminated cloth after cleaning R S : Surface reflectance of artificially contaminated cloth R 0 : Surface reflectance of white cloth before contamination
- Acrylic acid polymer compositions E4 and E7 were obtained by adding sodium phosphite and sodium hypophosphite to each of the polymer compositions E4 and E7 obtained in Examples 4 and 7.
- the physical property values and evaluation results of the obtained polymer compositions are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 3 An acrylic acid polymer composition C3 was obtained by adding sodium hypophosphite to the acrylic acid polymer composition C2 obtained in Comparative Example 2. The physical property values and evaluation results of the polymer compositions obtained are shown in Table 4.
- the acrylic acid polymer compositions E1 to E19 shown in Examples 1 to 19 all contain phosphite ions in the range specified by the present invention, and these are used as dispersants, detergents, inorganic precipitates. When used in applications such as inhibitors, it has been shown to exhibit good performance.
- the acrylic acid polymer compositions E20 and E21 are obtained by additionally adding a phosphorous acid compound to the acrylic acid polymer composition C2 having a phosphite ion concentration less than the prescribed amount. As in E1 to E19, good results were obtained in each performance evaluation.
- Comparative Example 1 which is an experimental example in which sodium hypophosphite, which is a chain transfer agent, was not charged into the reactor before supplying the monomer, and Comparative Example in which the amount of sodium hypophosphite used was small
- No. 2 since the concentration of the phosphite ion contained in the obtained acrylic acid polymer composition was low, it was inferior in various performances such as dispersion performance, scale inhibition rate, and detergency.
- Comparative Example 5 in which the oxidation of sodium hypophosphite did not proceed because the polymerization temperature was low, resulting in a low phosphite ion concentration.
- an acrylic acid polymer composition containing a specific amount of phosphite ion can be obtained efficiently. Furthermore, the acrylic acid polymer composition exhibits very excellent performance when used in applications such as pigment dispersants, detergents, and inorganic precipitation inhibitors.
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Description
特許文献1には、金属の腐食及び/または水性系からのスケール沈積の抑制及び/または水性系中の粒子の分散の促進に有効な、新規なコテロマー化合物及びその製造方法が開示されている。
また、特許文献2には、連鎖移動剤として次亜リン酸ナトリウムを使用して製造された分散剤が、炭酸カルシウム粒子の分散において、初期粘度及びゲル化傾向の抑制の点で優れることが示されている。
一方、出願人も、イソプロピルアルコール水溶液を溶媒として用いて、次亜リン酸塩及び過硫酸塩の存在下でアクリル酸を含有する単量体を重合する工程を含む方法により得られるアクリル酸系重合体を開示し、これが炭酸カルシウム用分散剤として良好な性能を発揮することを示している(特許文献3)。
また、特許文献2には次亜リン酸ナトリウムの使用量や重合反応時の温度条件等の具体的な記載が無く、これらの条件によっては、例えば顔料分散性等の性能が不十分となる場合があった。
〔1〕アクリル酸系重合体組成物の製造方法であって、前記重合体の全構成単量体単位100質量部に対し、次亜リン酸化合物を0.5~4.5部使用し、かつ前記次亜リン酸化合物全量の1~50質量%を単量体供給前に反応器へ投入することを特徴とするアクリル酸系重合体組成物の製造方法。
〔2〕重合溶媒として、水及びイソプロピルアルコールの混合溶液を使用することを特徴とする前記〔1〕に記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物の製造方法。
〔3〕重合温度が68~82℃であることを特徴とする前記〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物の製造方法。
〔4〕アクリル酸、並びに亜リン酸化合物及び/又は次亜リン酸化合物を原料成分に含んでなるアクリル酸系重合体組成物であり、該重合体の固形分に対し亜リン酸イオンを20~1,000質量ppm含むことを特徴とするアクリル酸系重合体組成物。
〔5〕前記亜リン酸化合物及び/又は次亜リン酸化合物を連鎖移動剤として用いることを特徴とする前記〔4〕に記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物。
〔6〕前記重合体の固形分に対し、さらに次亜リン酸イオンを200~5,000質量ppm含むことを特徴とする前記〔4〕又は〔5〕に記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物。
〔7〕前記重合体の重量平均分子量が、3,000~30,000であることを特徴とする前記〔4〕~〔6〕のいずれかに記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物。
〔8〕前記〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により得られるアクリル酸系重合体組成物、もしくは前記〔4〕~〔7〕のいずれか1つに記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物を含む炭酸カルシウム用分散剤。
〔9〕前記〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により得られるアクリル酸系重合体組成物、もしくは前記〔4〕~〔7〕のいずれか1つに記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物を含む洗剤。
〔10〕前記〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により得られるアクリル酸系重合体組成物、もしくは前記〔4〕~〔7〕のいずれか1つに記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物を含む無機物析出抑制剤。
また、本発明のアクリル酸系重合体組成物の製造方法によれば、前記アクリル酸系重合体を多量の連鎖移動剤等を用いることなく効率よく製造することができる。
以下、本発明について詳しく説明する。尚、本明細書において、「(共)重合体」とは、単独重合体及び/又は共重合体を意味し、「(メタ)アクリル」とは、アクリル及び/又はメタクリルを意味する。
アクリル酸以外の単量体(以下、「他の単量体」ともいう)としては、アクリル酸と共重合可能な単量体であれば、特に限定されない。具体的には、ラジカル重合性を有するビニル系単量体(重合性不飽和化合物)が挙げられる。上記ビニル系単量体としては、例えば、アクリル酸以外のエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸の中和塩、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル化合物、芳香族ビニル化合物、酸無水物、アミノ基含有ビニル化合物、アミド基含有ビニル化合物、スルホン酸基含有ビニル化合物、ポリオキシアルキレン基含有ビニル化合物、アルコキシル基含有ビニル化合物、シアノ基含有ビニル化合物、シアン化ビニル化合物、ビニルエーテル化合物、ビニルエステル化合物、共役ジエン等が挙げられる。これらは、1種単独であるいは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
これらのうち、得られる分散剤の物性(分散安定性、着色抑制等)の面から(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル化合物、及び、ポリオキシアルキレン基含有ビニル化合物が好ましい。
ビニルエステル単量体としては、ギ酸ビニル、酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル等が挙げられる。
また、前記亜リン酸化合物及び/又は次亜リン酸化合物は、アクリル酸系重合体組成物の製造にける任意の工程で使用することができる。例えば、アクリル酸系重合体を得る重合反応において連鎖移動剤として使用しても良いし、重合反応終了後に添加混合しても良い。
亜リン酸イオンが20質量ppm未満の場合、並びに1,000質量ppmを超える場合には、アクリル酸系重合体組成物の分散性や無機物析出抑制能等の性能が不十分となることがある。亜リン酸イオンの好ましい範囲は30~500質量ppmであり、より好ましい範囲は50~200質量ppmである。
亜リン酸イオン濃度が分散性等の性能に及ぼす効果は定かではないが、少量の亜リン酸塩が存在することによって分散剤であるアクリル酸系重合体の吸着性能が向上するものと推定している。また、亜リン酸カルシウム等の亜リン酸塩は水に難溶の塩であるため、亜リン酸イオンが多量に存在する場合にはこれに由来する難溶解性化合物が形成されることにより分散性能が悪化するものと推察する。尚、本発明はこれらの機構に限定されるべきものではない。
200質量ppm以上の場合は、アクリル酸系重合体組成物の分散性能等が向上する傾向がある。例えば、次亜リン酸イオンとカルシウムイオンとからなる次亜リン酸カルシウムは、水への溶解度が比較的高い化合物である。このため、次亜リン酸イオンを含む重合体組成物を用いてカルシウム化合物を分散させる場合などには、カルシウム化合物の析出を抑制することができ、分散性能の向上に寄与するものと推定する。
一方、次亜リン酸イオン濃度が高すぎると組成物中に占める有効成分であるアクリル酸系重合体の割合が低下するため、5,000質量ppm程度を上限とするのが望ましい。
尚、当該次亜リン酸イオン濃度は、専ら後述する次亜リン酸化合物の使用量により調整することができる。
単量体供給前に、反応器へ次亜リン酸化合物をその全量の1質量%以上投入することにより、得られるアクリル酸系重合体組成物中の亜リン酸イオン濃度を本発明で規定する必要量(20質量ppm)に調整し易くなる。また、50質量%以下とすることにより、得られるアクリル酸系重合体組成物中の亜リン酸イオン濃度を本発明で規定する上限値(1,000質量ppm)以下に調整し易くなる。
一方、例えば分子量100,000以上程度の分子量の高い重合体は、系の粘度を高めるのみならず、複数の分散質表面に吸着等することにより分散質粒子間を橋架けする場合があるため、分散にとって不適当な成分である。従って、上記のような高分子量成分はできる限り少ない方が好ましい。
水溶液重合の際の重合溶媒には、水、又は、水及び有機溶剤の混合液を使用することができる。水及び有機溶剤の混合液を使用する際の好ましい有機溶剤としては、イソプロピルアルコール等のアルコール類、アセトン等のケトン類が挙げられ、特に好ましくはイソプロピルアルコールである。
水/イソプロピルアルコール混合液は、反応溶媒及び連鎖移動剤として用いることができるため、亜リン酸化合物及び/又は次亜リン酸化合物を連鎖移動剤として用いた場合に、その使用量を低減することが可能であり好ましい。
イソプロピルアルコールの濃度が5質量%以上であれば、イソプロピルアルコールが有する連鎖移動剤としての連鎖移動効果が有効に作用する。また、イソプロピルアルコールの濃度が高くなれば、それに伴い連鎖移動効果の作用も優れるものとなる。
ラジカル重合開始剤として、例えば、過硫酸ナトリウム、過硫酸カリウム及び過硫酸アンモニウム等の過硫酸塩類、t-ブチルハイドロパーオキサイド等のハイドロパーオキサイド類、過酸化水素等の水溶性過酸化物、メチルエチルケトンパーオキサイド、シクロヘキサノンパーオキサイド等のケトンパーオキサイド類、ジ-t-ブチルパーオキサイド、t-ブチルクミルパーオキサイド等のジアルキルパーオキサイド等の油溶性の過酸化物、2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオンアミジン)ジハイドロクロライド等のアゾ化合物等が挙げられる。
上記した過酸化物系のラジカル重合開始剤は1種類のみ使用しても又は2種以上を併用してもよい。
上記した過酸化物系のラジカル重合開始剤の中でも、重合反応の制御が行い易い点より過硫酸塩類やアゾ化合物が好ましく、特に好ましくは過硫酸塩類である。
上記ラジカル重合開始剤は、例えば水性媒体等に希釈して、前記単量体とは別の供給口から反応器に供給する。
又、場合によっては、重合開始剤として水溶性レドックス系重合開始剤を使用して製造してもよい。レドックス系重合開始剤としては、酸化剤(例えば上記した過酸化物)と、重亜硫酸ナトリウム、重亜硫酸アンモニウム、亜硫酸ナトリウム、ハイドロサルファイトナトリウム等の還元剤や、鉄明礬、カリ明礬等の組合せを挙げることができる。
重合温度を68℃以上にすることで、未反応単量体の量を低減することができる。また、高温、特に82℃を超えるような温度では、連鎖移動剤として次亜リン酸化合物を使用した場合に、これが亜リン酸化合物等へ酸化される。このため、重合温度を82℃以下とすることにより、アクリル酸系重合体組成物中の亜リン酸イオン濃度を本発明で規定する値以下に容易に制御することができる。尚、ここでいう重合温度とは、重合反応及びその後の熟成工程における温度も含むものである。
また、連続式重合法の場合、プロセスは多段CSTR(複数の反応槽を有する連続攪拌槽型反応器)によるのが好ましい。この場合、各反応槽の平均滞留時間は60~240分が好ましく、80~180分がより好ましい。平均滞留時間が60分以上であると、未反応の単量体を低減することができる。また、240分以下であると、反応槽のサイズを小さくすることができる。
(1)反応容器に、所定量の重合溶媒(水又は水/アルコール等)を仕込み、保持しておく。そこへ、単量体、希釈用重合溶媒、及び連鎖移動剤からなる原料混合物、並びに、重合開始剤を滴下して重合反応を行う。
(2)単量体、重合溶媒及び連鎖移動剤からなる原料混合物を調製し、反応容器に、上記原料混合物と重合開始剤とを滴下して、重合反応を行う。
(3)反応容器に所定量の重合溶媒を仕込み、反応温度と同一温度又はそれに近い温度に昇温し保持しておく。そこへ、単量体、連鎖移動剤、及び重合開始剤を滴下して、重合反応を行う。
これらのうち、均一な重合体が得られることから上記(1)の態様が好ましい。
これらの塩基性化合物のうち、揮発成分の発生が少ない、アルカリ金属水酸化物が好ましく、水酸化ナトリウムがより好ましい。
そして、上記の通り配合した、炭酸カルシウム及びアクリル系重合体を含む分散剤の混合物を公知の方法により、湿式粉砕することにより、炭酸カルシウムスラリーを得ることができる。
また、各例において得られた重合体等の固形分濃度は、以下に記載の方法により測定した。
測定サンプル約1gを秤量(a)し、次いで、通風乾燥機155℃、30分間乾燥後の残分を測定(b)し、以下の式より算出した。測定には秤量ビンを使用した。その他の操作については、JIS K 0067-1992(化学製品の減量及び残分試験方法)に準拠した。
固形分(%)=(b/a)×100
攪拌機、コンデンサを備えたフラスコへ、イソプロピルアルコール(以下、「IPA」という)濃度36%の水溶液500g、次亜リン酸ナトリウム3gを仕込み75℃に保持した。このフラスコへ、アクリル酸600g、次亜リン酸ナトリウム17g、IPA濃度36%の水溶液270gを混合した液、及び、15%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液40gを4時間かけて供給した。滴下終了後、反応液を75℃で1時間保持した。次いで、IPA濃度が1000ppm以下になるまで、脱イオン水を投入しながらIPAを減圧留去した。続いて、反応液を75℃に保持し、32%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液と脱イオン水を供給した。このようにして、固形分濃度が40%、PHが6のアクリル酸系重合体組成物E1を得た。
E1の重量平均分子量(Mw)を、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)で測定した。GPCの測定条件は、HLC8020システム(東ソー製)を使い、カラムはG4000PWxl、G3000PWxl、G2500PWxl(東ソー製)を連結して使用し、溶離液は0.1MNaCl+リン酸バッファー(PH7)とし、検量線はポリアクリル酸Na(創和科学製)を使用して作成した。測定の結果、Mw6000であった。
E1の亜リン酸イオン含有量、リン酸イオン含有量を、31P-NMRで測定した。NMR測定条件は、JNM-ECA400(日本電子製)を使い、溶媒に重水を使用した。H3PO4を基準として8.0ppm付近に次亜リン酸によるピーク、3.0ppm付近に亜リン酸によるピークが得られ、計算の結果、次亜リン酸イオン含有量は1700ppm、亜リン酸イオン含有量は100ppmであった。
E1を20g、イオン交換水320g、及び重質炭酸カルシウム(丸尾カルシウム株式会社製「炭カルA」)900gを円筒形容器へ投入し、軽く撹拌して均一になじませた。次いで、メディア(1mmΦセラミックビーズ)3330gを上記円筒形容器へ投入し、1000rpmで50分撹拌することで湿式粉砕した。200目濾布を通してスラリーを回収し、イオン交換水を添加して固形分を75%に調整した。このスラリーの湿式粉砕当日の粘度、および、25℃で7日間静置後の粘度を、B型粘度計を用いて、25℃、60rpmの条件で測定した。湿式粉砕当日の粘度は210mPa・s、7日後の粘度は1800mPa・sであった。このスラリーの2μmアンダー及び1μmアンダー積算値を、粒度分布測定装置セディグラフ5120(マイクロメリティックス社製)を用いて測定した。2μmアンダー積算値は100%、1μmアンダー積算値は84%であった。
E1を10g、イオン交換水230g、及び軽質炭酸カルシウムの粉末を770gを円筒形容器へ投入し、4000rpmで10分撹拌することで分散した。このスラリーの分散直後の粘度、及び25℃で7日静置後の粘度をB型粘度計を用いて25℃、60rpmの条件で測定した。分散直後の粘度は290mPa・s、7日後の粘度は1100mPa・sであった。
大阪市内で採取した沖積粘性土からなる比重1.16、粘度940mPa・s、pH7.0に調整した泥水200gへE1を1.5g添加し、5分間攪拌した。攪拌直後の粘度をB型粘度計を用いて25℃、60rpmの条件で測定した結果、30mPa・sであった。
クレイ(三菱商事社、商品名「アマゾン88ノンプレディスパース」)1g、イオン交換水100g、及び13mgのE1を100mlメスシリンダーへ加え、マグネティックスターラーで10分間攪拌した。25℃で18時間静置した後、上澄み液を採取し380nmの吸光度を測定した。E1を用いた上澄み液の吸光度は1.2であった。
200mgCa/Lの塩化カルシウム溶液100mL、及び4M塩化カリウム溶液1mLに対し、E1を200mg-solidとなるように添加し、水酸化ナトリウムでpH8.5に調整した。30℃で10分間放置した後、カルシウムイオンメーター(株式会社堀場製作所製、D-53及びカルシウムイオン電極6583-10C)で溶液に残存するカルシウムイオン濃度を測定し、補足されたカルシウムイオンを算出した。E1に捕捉されたカルシウムイオンは430mgCaCO3/gであった。
50mgCa/Lの塩化カルシウム溶液100mLに対し、E1を200mg-solidとなるように添加し、水酸化ナトリウムでpH8.5に調整した。3%炭酸水素ナトリウム溶液を10g加え、70℃で3時間放置した。析出分を濾別し、濾液中のカルシウム濃度をEDTA滴定により求め、スケール抑制率を算出した。E1の炭酸カルシウムスケール抑制率は75%であった。
ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸20%、珪酸ナトリウム10%、無水炭酸ナトリウム10%、無水硫酸ナトリウム40%及びE1を20%からなる洗剤組成物を調整した。攪拌式洗濯試験機へ名古屋市水1L及び洗剤組成物1gを添加し、10cm×10cmの人口汚染布(洗濯科学協会製)5枚を投入した。25℃で5分間洗浄後、5分間すすぎを行った。布を乾燥させた後、表面反射率計により布の表面反射率を測定し、以下の式より洗浄率を算出したところ、洗浄率55%の値が得られた。
洗浄率(%)=(RW-RS)/(R0-RS)×100
ここで、
RW:洗浄後の人口汚染布の表面反射率
RS:人口汚染布の表面反射率
R0:汚染前の白布の表面反射率
原料供給量やその添加方法をはじめとする製造条件を表1~表3の通りとする以外は実施例1と同様の操作によりアクリル酸系重合体組成物E2~E4、E6~E7、E9~E19を得た。得られた各重合体組成物の物性値および評価結果についても表1~表3に記載した。
実施例4及び7で得られた重合体組成物E4及びE7の各々に亜リン酸ナトリウム及び次亜リン酸ナトリウムを添加することにより、アクリル酸系重合体組成物E4及びE7を得た。得られた各重合体組成物の物性値および評価結果について表1に記載した。
原料供給量やその添加方法をはじめとする製造条件を表4の通りとする以外は実施例1と同様の操作によりアクリル酸系重合体組成物C1、C2及びC4~C6を得た。得られた各重合体組成物の物性値および評価結果についても表4に記載した。
比較例2で得られたアクリル酸系重合体組成物C2に亜リン酸ナトリウムを添加することによりアクリル酸系重合体組成物E20を、また同じくC2に亜リン酸ナトリウム及び次亜リン酸ナトリウムを添加することによりアクリル酸系重合体組成物E21を得た。得られた各重合体組成物の物性値および評価結果について表4に記載した。
比較例2で得られたアクリル酸系重合体組成物C2に次亜リン酸ナトリウムを添加することによりアクリル酸系重合体組成物C3を得た。得られた重合体組成物の物性値および評価結果について表4に記載した。
(a):アクリル酸重合体組成物に亜リン酸ナトリウムを添加
(b):アクリル酸重合体組成物に次亜リン酸ナトリウムを添加
また、アクリル酸系重合体組成物E20及びE21は、亜リン酸イオン濃度が本願規定量に満たないアクリル酸系重合体組成物C2に対して亜リン酸化合物を追加で添加したものであるが、E1~E19と同様に各性能評価において良好な結果が得られた。
また、次亜リン酸ナトリウムの使用量が多い比較例4、及び重合温度の高い比較例6では、いずれも得られたアクリル酸系重合体組成物中に含まれる亜リン酸イオンの濃度が高すぎるため、評価した各種性能において不十分な結果が得られた。
Claims (10)
- アクリル酸系重合体組成物の製造方法であって、前記重合体の全構成単量体単位100質量部に対し、次亜リン酸化合物を0.5~4.5部使用し、かつ前記次亜リン酸化合物全量の1~50質量%を単量体供給前に反応器へ投入することを特徴とするアクリル酸系重合体組成物の製造方法。
- 重合溶媒として、水及びイソプロピルアルコールの混合溶液を使用することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物の製造方法。
- 重合温度が68~82℃であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物の製造方法。
- アクリル酸、並びに亜リン酸化合物及び/又は次亜リン酸化合物を原料成分に含んでなるアクリル酸系重合体組成物であり、該重合体の固形分に対し亜リン酸イオンを20~1,000質量ppm含むことを特徴とするアクリル酸系重合体組成物。
- 前記亜リン酸化合物及び/又は次亜リン酸化合物を連鎖移動剤として用いることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物。
- 前記重合体の固形分に対し、さらに次亜リン酸イオンを200~5,000質量ppm含むことを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物。
- 前記重合体の重量平均分子量が、3,000~30,000であることを特徴とする請求項4~6のいずれかに記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により得られるアクリル酸系重合体組成物、もしくは請求項4~7のいずれか1項に記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物を含む炭酸カルシウム用分散剤。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により得られるアクリル酸系重合体組成物、もしくは請求項4~7のいずれか1項に記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物を含む洗剤。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により得られるアクリル酸系重合体組成物、もしくは請求項4~7のいずれか1項に記載のアクリル酸系重合体組成物を含む無機物析出抑制剤。
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| US14/404,680 US20150148500A1 (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2013-07-22 | Acrylic acid-based polymer composition, method for producing same, and use therefor |
| CN201380015133.XA CN104169309B (zh) | 2012-07-23 | 2013-07-22 | 丙烯酸系聚合物组合物及其制造方法以及其用途 |
| SG11201500201XA SG11201500201XA (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2013-07-22 | Acrylic acid-based polymer composition, method for producing same, and use therefor |
| KR1020147029269A KR102020088B1 (ko) | 2012-07-23 | 2013-07-22 | 아크릴산계 중합체 조성물 및 그의 제조 방법, 및 그의 용도 |
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| US15/381,139 Division US20170096505A1 (en) | 2012-07-23 | 2016-12-16 | Acrylic acid-based polymer composition, method for producing same, and use therefor |
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| JP6623613B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-18 | 2019-12-25 | 東亞合成株式会社 | 水溶性重合体組成物及びその製造方法、並びにその利用 |
| US10899666B2 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2021-01-26 | Rohm And Haas Company | High solids polycarboxylate synthesis for cement superplasticizers |
| KR101939388B1 (ko) | 2016-02-24 | 2019-01-16 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 아크릴산계 중합체의 제조방법 |
| KR102611720B1 (ko) * | 2018-04-26 | 2023-12-08 | 오츠카 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 분산제 조성물, 착색 조성물 및 컬러 필터 |
| CN112189024B (zh) * | 2018-06-04 | 2023-03-10 | 可泰克斯公司 | 共聚物和矿物材料的研磨 |
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| US20170096505A1 (en) | 2017-04-06 |
| CN104169309B (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
| KR20150035510A (ko) | 2015-04-06 |
| JP5915750B2 (ja) | 2016-05-11 |
| MY174101A (en) | 2020-03-10 |
| JPWO2014017410A1 (ja) | 2016-07-11 |
| CN104169309A (zh) | 2014-11-26 |
| US20150148500A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 |
| KR102020088B1 (ko) | 2019-09-09 |
| SG11201500201XA (en) | 2015-03-30 |
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