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WO2014091047A1 - Matériau écologique de renforcement de voûtes de constructions préexistantes, et procédé associé - Google Patents

Matériau écologique de renforcement de voûtes de constructions préexistantes, et procédé associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014091047A1
WO2014091047A1 PCT/ES2013/070862 ES2013070862W WO2014091047A1 WO 2014091047 A1 WO2014091047 A1 WO 2014091047A1 ES 2013070862 W ES2013070862 W ES 2013070862W WO 2014091047 A1 WO2014091047 A1 WO 2014091047A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lime
reinforcement material
vault
ecological
vaults
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2013/070862
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Manuel FORTEA LUNA
José Carlos SALCEDO HERNÁNDEZ
Juan SAUMELL LLADÓ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universidad de Extremadura
Original Assignee
Universidad de Extremadura
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidad de Extremadura filed Critical Universidad de Extremadura
Publication of WO2014091047A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014091047A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
    • C04B28/12—Hydraulic lime

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the description of an ecological material focused on being used in the construction sector, and whose main application is to serve as reinforcement material in the rehabilitation of vaults of architectural constructions such as buildings, churches, and multiple constructions that show in their execution the existence of such architectural vaults.
  • Said present invention under study aims to obtain a specific material capable of structurally consolidating damaged vaults, as well as obtaining an improvement in its resistant behavior against external actions such as the earthquake (earthquakes) or to be able to resist new uses with loads higher than pre-existing ones; and where the associated procedure describes a series of application stages of said material on the vaults to be restored, which are intended to obtain reinforcing surfaces for multiple applications.
  • the vault system known as "partition walls” is known, where in its construction the construction is required based on a first brick vault, quickly formed with gypsum, which is subsequently reinforced structurally with two or more successive layers, always of brick, caught or rigged with cement mortar to give more resistance to the whole.
  • partition walls the contribution of the Spanish Guastavino, who developed this system extensively, applied for several invention patents in the United States and carried out unique works.
  • the present invention relates to an ecological reinforcement material in vaults of pre-existing constructions, wherein said reinforcement material comprises a lime-based mortar, which in turn comprises:
  • a lime binder whose proportion is defined according to the range between 20% and 40% lime binder with respect to the total weight of said lime-based mortar.
  • a plurality of charges whose proportion is defined according to the range between 60% to 80% of said plurality of charges with respect to the total weight of said lime-based mortar; where said charges include:
  • the lime binder is an air lime binder whose proportion is defined according to the interval between 20 and 45% of air lime binder with respect to the total weight of said lime-based mortar, to take into account that the proportion of lime increases slightly by 5% with respect to the scale described above, this increase being a preferred embodiment; and where the proportion of the plurality of charges is defined according to the range between 55% and 80% of said plurality of charges with respect to the total weight of said lime-based mortar.
  • the air lime binder comprises a cement material with a maximum proportion of 1/3 of the total weight of said binder is contemplated.
  • the lime binder is a hydraulic lime binder, and in this case the proportion of hydraulic lime is defined according to the range described above: between 60% and 80% of said plurality of loads with respect to the total weight of said lime-based mortar
  • the existence of the ecological reinforcement material object of the invention further comprises water intended to be mixed with said lime-based mortar is described, where the weight ratio between the water and the lime binder is defined in the range between 0.6 and 1.2 of water with respect to the lime binder weight. It is therefore observed that the ecological reinforcement material has well-defined materials with weight ranges limits in order to achieve the best properties of resistance, density, manageability and ease of handling, obtaining important advantages over concrete reinforcement materials such how: Ecological reinforcement material has a lower weight than cement mortars or concrete; therefore it produces a smaller increase in the overweight of the reinforcement material on the architectural vault.
  • the ecological reinforcement material does not produce efflorescence: salt stains.
  • the ecological material of reinforcement is compatible with the mampuestos of the reinforced factory, both at the level of construction technique and at the historical level, since lime is a construction material used since antiquity that visually and structurally fits better with old vaults.
  • the ecological reinforcement material produces less shrinkage than concrete, improving as it has been put into service on the architectural vaults.
  • lime is a component known since ancient times, which comes from natural rock without additions and obtained by a natural chemical process.
  • cement is much more polluting in its production, since it usually needs additives to make the combination of concrete and water ideally performed.
  • the ecological reinforcement material comprises a plurality of synthetic fibers, wherein said synthetic fibers can be made of polypropylene or glass fiber. So that they manage to provide the necessary ductility (which improves their seismic behavior) and reduce the retraction cracks that occur in the material during its setting and hardening process.
  • the ecological reinforcement material comprises a plurality of natural fibers; which can be used to also improve mechanical properties of resistance and / or ductility.
  • e) Mix the dry mortar and water until the ecological reinforcement material is obtained in building vaults; where said mixing requires a minimum regulated time depending on the amount of mixture of dry mortar and water.
  • the application or pouring can be constructed by direct pouring, by projection or by application with tools, of successive layers, until it is provided with the appropriate thickness.
  • the vault to be reinforced is cleaned to improve the adhesion between the ecological reinforcement material and said construction vault to be reinforced.
  • the system carries anchors, reinforcements or woven or directional fibers, all these elements will be placed on the vault in the calculated arrangement, and before placing the mass, so that they are embedded in it, and work as a tendons, so that they "arm" the reinforcement of the factory, being able to be additionally attached to the factory by different procedures. So that prior to stage f), at least one reinforcement is available on the back of said construction vault to be reinforced.
  • step f at least a plurality of directional fibers are available on the back of said construction vault to be reinforced.
  • the weight and the thrust of the vault on its supports are increased, so that the possibility of a stage is contemplated: g) Rebalancing the structure, it may be necessary to increase the vertical load on the walls that may require its structural consolidation (braced, cable-stayed, recessed, buckled, stamped, etc.) by the usual procedures of the construction technique.
  • the ecological reinforcement material object of the invention constitute an important novelty in reinforcement materials belonging to the state of the art, obtaining a series of advantages unknown to date. , such as:
  • the resistance of the reinforced vaults is significantly increased, with a relative weight increase. This improvement makes the vaults suitable for receiving new loads (new weight of the reinforcement, more permanent load of new construction elements or an increase in overloads of use or installations).
  • Figure 1. Shows a schematic view of a concrete or mortar vault belonging to the state of the art, and built by the Roman procedure.
  • Figure 2. Shows a schematic view of another vault belonging to the state of the art, this being a partitioned or "Catalan” vault, made by successive layers of brick.
  • Figure 3. Shows a schematic view of an architectural vault to be rehabilitated, after applying the ecological reinforcement material.
  • Figure 4.- Shows a schematic continuation view of that shown in Figure 3, where the ecological reinforcement material has been poured.
  • Figure 5. Shows a schematic continuation view of that shown in Figure 4, where a top filling has been made on the layer of ecological reinforcement material, to leave the floor flat, suitable for receiving new overweight actions.
  • a concrete or mortar vault (1) constructed by the Roman procedure described in the background section of the present specification is observed in Figure 1; where said concrete or mortar vault (1) is constructed based on a formwork or formwork (2) on which the concrete or mortar, where once set and with adequate strength, it is removed, leaving the space of the diaphanous vault.
  • Figure 2 shows another procedure for the construction of architectural vaults, where in this case a partitioned or "Catalan” vault is shown, made by a series of brick layers superimposed on each other.
  • the first layer (3) is built with plaster paste without formwork and the second layer (4) is built on the first, with cement mortar, to provide the resistance system, the total thickness will increase as the successive layers of brick.
  • the ecological reinforcement material (6) in vaults (5) of constructions comprises a lime-based mortar which in turn comprises:
  • An air lime binder whose proportion is defined according to the range between 20% and 45% lime binder with respect to the total weight of said air lime based mortar; wherein the air lime binder comprises a cement material with a maximum proportion of 1/3 of the total weight of said binder.
  • a plurality of charges whose proportion is defined according to the range between 55% and 80% of said plurality of charges with respect to the total weight of said lime-based mortar; where said charges comprise: o Natural stone aggregates comprising between 1/3 and 1/2 of the total amount of said charges, or Light loads comprising between 2/3 and 1/2 of the total amount of said charges loads 2)
  • the ecological material of reinforcement (6) in vaults (5) of constructions comprises a mortar of base lime that includes as well:
  • a hydraulic lime binder whose proportion is defined according to the range between 20% and 40% of hydraulic lime binder with respect to the total weight of said lime-based mortar.
  • a plurality of charges whose proportion is defined according to the range between 60% and 80% of said plurality of charges with respect to the total weight of said hydraulic lime-based mortar; where said charges comprise: o Natural stone aggregates comprising between 1/3 and 1/2 of the total amount of said charges, or Light loads comprising between 2/3 and 1/2 of the total amount of said charges loads
  • Both preferred embodiments of ecological reinforcing material (6) additionally comprise water to be mixed with said lime-based mortar (either aerial or hydraulic), where the weight ratio between the water and the lime binder is defined in the range between 0 , 6 and 1, 2 of water with respect to the weight of the lime binder; and its dosage is dependent on calculations, depending on the strength and density benefits needed, to make the reinforcement compatible with the vault (5) to be reinforced, which must comply with:
  • the ecological reinforcing material (6) comprises a series of natural additives such as a plurality of natural fibers.
  • a vault (5) to be reinforced is illustrated, and it is to said vault (5) to which the ecological reinforcement material (6) is to be applied, following the following steps: a) Prepare the lime-based mortar described in the ecological reinforcement material (6) in any of its two preferred embodiments (air lime or hydraulic lime), where said preparation gives rise to the mortar defined as dry lime-based mortar when it is free of water . b) Pack said dry lime-based mortar in sacks to be transported by land vehicles such as trucks or similar. c) Once the dry mortar has arrived at the site where the vault (5) to be reinforced is located, introduce the dry lime-based mortar into a hopper. d) Introduce water into said hopper which comprises in its interior the dry mortar introduced in step c).
  • the ecological reinforcement material (6) is arranged on the vault (5) as shown in figure 4 of the present specification, so that once placed it can be seen in figure 5 how the Vault (5) can be subsequently reinforced to receive new actions, such as the weight of new construction elements (7) and new overloads of use (8), which make it possible to integrate the pre-existing vault (5) into a rehabilitated building or extended.
  • the entire system formed by the ecological reinforcement material (6) and the vault (5) can be completed with other systems, such as:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)

Abstract

Matériau écologique de renforcement (6) de voûtes (5) de constructions préexistantes et procédé associé, ledit matériau comprenant un mortier à base de chaux, lequel contient un liant composé de chaux, selon une proportion comprise entre 20% et 40% du poids total dudit mortier à base de chaux, une pluralité de matières de charge, selon une proportion comprise entre 60% et 80% du poids total dudit mortier, lesdites matières de charge comprenant des granulats de pierres naturelles et des matières de charge légères, ce qui permet d'obtenir un matériau apte à consolider structuralement les voûtes (5) endommagées, et d'obtenir une amélioration de leur comportement de résistance aux actions externes telles que séismes, ou de les rendre aptes à résister à de nouvelles utilisations impliquant des charges supérieures aux charges préexistantes, le procédé associé incluant une série d'étapes d'application dudit matériau, en vue de l'obtention de surfaces de renforcement pour de multiples applications.
PCT/ES2013/070862 2012-12-10 2013-12-10 Matériau écologique de renforcement de voûtes de constructions préexistantes, et procédé associé Ceased WO2014091047A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201231917 2012-12-10
ES201231917A ES2485515B1 (es) 2012-12-10 2012-12-10 Material ecológico de refuerzo en bóvedas de construcciones preexistentes, y procedimiento asociado al mismo.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014091047A1 true WO2014091047A1 (fr) 2014-06-19

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PCT/ES2013/070862 Ceased WO2014091047A1 (fr) 2012-12-10 2013-12-10 Matériau écologique de renforcement de voûtes de constructions préexistantes, et procédé associé

Country Status (2)

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ES (1) ES2485515B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014091047A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009052997A1 (fr) * 2007-10-24 2009-04-30 Quick-Mix Gruppe Gmbh & Co. Kg Mortier d'enduit pour un enduit intérieur
CN101544487A (zh) * 2009-02-24 2009-09-30 高平 自变温建筑节能复合材料及其制备方法
KR100993189B1 (ko) * 2010-02-12 2010-11-10 (주) 신안가 친환경 및 경량성 몰탈 조성물

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009052997A1 (fr) * 2007-10-24 2009-04-30 Quick-Mix Gruppe Gmbh & Co. Kg Mortier d'enduit pour un enduit intérieur
CN101544487A (zh) * 2009-02-24 2009-09-30 高平 自变温建筑节能复合材料及其制备方法
KR100993189B1 (ko) * 2010-02-12 2010-11-10 (주) 신안가 친환경 및 경량성 몰탈 조성물

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; *
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; EN EPOQUE ET AL. *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2485515B1 (es) 2015-05-20
ES2485515A1 (es) 2014-08-13

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