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WO2014084853A1 - Fibres magnétothermiques - Google Patents

Fibres magnétothermiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014084853A1
WO2014084853A1 PCT/US2012/067346 US2012067346W WO2014084853A1 WO 2014084853 A1 WO2014084853 A1 WO 2014084853A1 US 2012067346 W US2012067346 W US 2012067346W WO 2014084853 A1 WO2014084853 A1 WO 2014084853A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibers
magnetic particles
magnetic field
combination
manufacture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2012/067346
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vincenzo Casasanta Iii
Aya Seike
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Empire Technology Development LLC
Original Assignee
Empire Technology Development LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Empire Technology Development LLC filed Critical Empire Technology Development LLC
Priority to PCT/US2012/067346 priority Critical patent/WO2014084853A1/fr
Publication of WO2014084853A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014084853A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06187—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with magnetically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06196—Constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/02—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the selection of materials, e.g. to avoid wear during transport through the machine
    • G06K19/027—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the selection of materials, e.g. to avoid wear during transport through the machine the material being suitable for use as a textile, e.g. woven-based RFID-like labels designed for attachment to laundry items
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428—Tag details
    • G08B13/2437—Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags
    • G08B13/2445—Tag integrated into item to be protected, e.g. source tagging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
    • G08B13/2408—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using ferromagnetic tags

Definitions

  • a detectable tag for an article of manufacture is described.
  • the tag may be made from fibers having magnetic particles that are configured to produce heat when exposed to a time-varying magnetic field.
  • a method of making fibers having magnetic particles may include contacting a plurality of fibers with a binder or an adhesive, and contacting magnetic particles with the binder or the adhesive.
  • a method for making fibers having magnetic particles may include melting a starting material to form a melt, contacting the magnetic particles with the melt and drawing fibers from the melt.
  • the starting material may include polyamides, polyimides, polyolefin, polyester, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyurethane-polyurea, acrylonitrile, polybenzimidazole, poly(p-phenylene- 2,6-benzobisoxazole), or a combination thereof.
  • a method of identifying an article of manufacture including fibers having magnetic particles is described.
  • the method may include exposing the article of manufacture to a time-varying magnetic field, imaging the article of manufacture using an infrared camera, and identifying the article of manufacture based on an infrared pattern sensed by the infrared camera.
  • a system for identifying an article of manufacture having a pattern comprising fibers having magnetic particles configured to produce heat in a time-varying magnetic field may include a magnet configured to produce a time-varying magnetic field having a magnetic field magnitude of at least 1000 gauss, and an infrared camera configured to sense temperature differences within the pattern.
  • Figure 1 depicts an illustrative schematic of a detectable tag made from fibers having magnetic particles.
  • Figure 2A depicts an illustrative schematic of a detectable tag made from fibers having magnetic particles in presence of a time-varying magnetic field.
  • Figure 2B depicts an illustrative schematic of a detectable tag made from fibers having magnetic particles in presence of a time-varying magnetic field as seen by an infrared camera.
  • some structures may include one or more fibers having magnetic particles that are configured to produce heat when exposed to a time-varying magnetic field.
  • Typical structures may include fibers having magnetic particles woven into particular patterns. In general, such patterns may be indistinguishable under normal conditions and normal lighting. However, when articles of manufacture having such patterns are exposed to a time-varying magnetic field, the heat produced by the magnetic particles may render the patterns visible by emission of infrared light or heat.
  • the term "particle” refers to a particle that has an average size of greater than or equal to about 1 nanometer (nm) and less than or equal to about 10 micrometer ( ⁇ ).
  • sizes of particles include, but are not limited to, 1 nm, 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm, 80 nm, 90 nm, 100 nm, 125 nm, 150 nm, 175 nm, 200 nm, 225 nm, 250 nm, 275 nm, 300 nm, 325 nm, 350 nm, 375 nm, 400 nm, 425 nm, 450 nm, 475 nm, 500 nm, 525 nm, 550 nm, 575 nm, 600 nm, 625 nm, 650 nm, 675 nm, 700 nm
  • magnetic particles refers to particles of materials having magnetic properties. Such materials may be ferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, or superparamagnetic. Ferromagnetic materials are materials having unpaired electrons and intrinsic electron magnetic moment having a tendency to be parallel to each other to maintain a lower energy state. Thus, ferromagnetic materials tend to have an intrinsic magnetic moment that is maintained even when an applied magnetic field is removed. Examples of ferromagnetic materials include, but are not limited to, iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, dysprosium, alloys thereof, europium oxide, ferric oxide, and the like. Ferrimagnetic materials are materials having neighboring pairs of electron spins pointing in opposite directions, but having an intrinsic magnetization.
  • ferrimagnetic materials stems from optimal geometrical arrangement allowed by their crystal structure.
  • ferrimagnetic materials include, but are not limited to, ferrites, yttrium aluminum garnet, and the like.
  • a superparamagnet or a superparamagnetic material refers to a ferromagnet or a ferrimagnet that is sufficiently small so as to act like a single magnetic spin that is subject to Brownian motion. As a result, superparamagnets respond to magnetic fields similar to paramagnets with a significantly larger magnitude.
  • Magnetic particles of various embodiments may exhibit a magnetothermal effect.
  • the term “magnetothermal effect” refers to a production of heat in the presence of a time-varying magnetic field.
  • time-varying magnetic field refers to a magnetic field having a magnitude that varies with time and/or having a direction that changes with time.
  • the magnetic field may have a wave-form such as, for example, a sine wave, a biased sine wave, a sawtooth wave, a step signal, a triangular wave, a rectangular wave, an arbitrary waveform signal, and the like, or any combination thereof, and may have any frequency.
  • amplitude, phase and/or frequency of the time-varying magnetic field may be determined depending on the particular use.
  • Mechanisms underlying the magnetothermal effect typically include hysteresis loss, Neel relaxation, or Brownian relaxation depending on the particular type of magnetic particles used in particular embodiments.
  • Larger magnetic particles typically, having average size greater than about 30 nm, may contain multiple magnetic domains each having a separate magnetization direction.
  • domains with magnetization directions aligning with the applied field elongate and domains with magnetization directions not aligned with the applied field contract. Because this leads to displacement of domain boundaries, increasing and decreasing magnetization curves do not coincide.
  • hysteresis loss For magnetic particles that are small enough to have a single magnetic domain (superparamagnetic particles), a time-varying magnetic field causes magnetic moments to rotate and overcome an anisotropy energy barrier so that the magnetic orientation may be aligned with the applied field. When such particles relax back to equilibrium via Neel relaxation, the energy is lost as heat.
  • magnetic particles may be disposed on a fiber, thereby restricting their Brownian motion. As such, in certain embodiments, the magnetothermal effect, in various embodiments, may be generally dominated by hysteresis loss and Neel relaxation. Heat generated by magnetic particles via
  • Neel relaxation can be determined by using Rosensweig's model as:
  • fibers having magnetic particles are described.
  • the magnetic particles are configured to produce heat in a time-varying magnetic field.
  • the term "fiber” refers to any natural or synthetic fiber known in the art.
  • the fibers may include animal derived fibers such as, for example, those containing keratin, collagen, fibroin, spider silk, and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • the fibers may include plant derived fibers such as, for example, those containing lignin, cellulose, and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • the fibers may be synthetic fibers made from materials including, but not limited to, glass, carbon, carbon nanotubes, polyamides, polyimides, polyolefin, polyester, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyurethane-polyurea, acrylonitrile, polybenzimidazole, poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole), and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • the fibers may further include, for example, a binder or an adhesive coating. [0019]
  • particles of any magnetic material may be used.
  • the magnetic particles may include ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic materials such as, for example, iron, nickel, cobalt, samarium, neodymium, gadolinium, alnico, samarium-cobalt, neodymium-iron-boron, yttrium-cobalt, manganese-zinc ferrite, nickel-zinc ferrite, strontium ferrite, barium ferrite, cobalt ferrite, iron (III) oxide, iron (II, III) oxide, yttrium iron garnet, or any a combination thereof.
  • ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic materials such as, for example, iron, nickel, cobalt, samarium, neodymium, gadolinium, alnico, samarium-cobalt, neodymium-iron-boron, yttrium-cobalt, manganese-zinc ferrite, nickel-zinc ferrite, stront
  • the magnetic particles may be, in various embodiments, of any average size known in the art such as, for example, about 1 nm, about 5 nm, about 10 nm, about 20 nm, about 30 nm, about 50 nm, about 100 nm, about 150 nm, about 200 nm, about 300 nm, about 500 nm, about 750 nm, about 1000 nm, about 2 ⁇ , about 3 ⁇ , about 4 ⁇ , about 5 ⁇ , about 6 ⁇ , about 7 ⁇ , about 8 ⁇ , about 9 ⁇ , about 10 ⁇ , or any value in a range between any two of these values.
  • magnetic susceptibility, ⁇ 0 , and magnetic moment, ⁇ 0 are material properties that determine the heat produced by the particles when exposed to a magnetic field of a given magnitude.
  • Anisotropy, K u , and particle volume, V depend on the particle size and shape.
  • the magnitude of the magnetic field required to produce a desired temperature change may be determined by a skilled artisan by appropriately choosing the size, shape and material of the particles.
  • the size, shape and material of the particles may be suitably selected to produce a desired temperature change.
  • magnetic particles may produce a desired temperature change when exposed to a time-varying magnetic field. In some embodiments, the magnetic field may vary by at least about 1000 gauss.
  • the fibers having magnetic particles may be used for any suitable purpose.
  • Various embodiments describe a detectable tag for an article of manufacture.
  • the detectable tag may have fibers having magnetic particles configured to produce heat when exposed to a time-varying magnetic field.
  • the detectable tag may also include fibers not having magnetic particles (unmodified fibers). As such unmodified fibers may not produce any heat when exposed to a time-varying magnetic field.
  • Figure 1 depicts an illustrative schematic of a detectable tag made from fibers having magnetic particles.
  • fibers having magnetic particles 102 are arranged in a pattern 100.
  • the pattern 100 may include unmodified fibers 101.
  • the fibers having magnetic particles 102 and unmodified fibers 101 may be interwoven to form a pattern such as, for example, a barcode, a QR code, a fractal, a logo, one or more alphabets, one or more numerals, a geometric shape, and the like, or a combination thereof that conveys particular information.
  • the fibers having magnetic particles 102 may include magnetic particles of different sizes or materials so as to produce different temperature changes when exposed to a time-varying magnetic field.
  • the different fibers having magnetic particles 102 may be arranged to produce, for example, a temperature gradient or a contour map that may convey particular information.
  • the information conveyed by the pattern 100 may include, but is not limited to, a manufacturer, a date of manufacture, a serial number, a country of origin, materials of manufacture, directions for care, and the like, or a combination thereof. As such, this information may be used for any purpose. In some embodiments, the information is used for authenticating the article of manufacture associated with the detectable tag. In various embodiments, the article of manufacture associated with the detectable tag may be, for example, a garment, a shoe, an item of luggage, a piece of jewelry, a piece of art, a carpet, a printed circuit board, an automobile part, and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • a detectable tag may include unmodified fibers 101 with one or more fiber materials and/or fibers having magnetic particles 102 having one or more fiber materials, one or more magnetic materials, or one or more particle sizes.
  • a detectable tag may include a pattern made using silk fibers having magnetic particles. Some fibers may have iron particles and some fibers may have cobalt particles.
  • the pattern may additionally include unmodified silk fibers. When such a pattern is exposed to a time-varying magnetic field, the pattern may have three different temperatures which may be imaged using, for example, an infrared camera.
  • the fibers having magnetic particles and/or the unmodified fibers may be naturally derived fibers such as, for example, animal or plant derived fibers.
  • the fibers may contain proteins and/or polypeptides such as, for example, keratin, collagen, fibroin, spider silk, and the like, or combinations thereof.
  • sources for animal derived fibers include, but are not limited to, alpaca, angora, byssus, camel hair, cashmere, catgut, Kunststoffgora, guanaco, llama, mohair, pashmina, quiviut, rabbit, silk, sinew, spider silk, wool, yak, and the like.
  • the fibers may contain, for example, lignin, cellulose, or combinations thereof.
  • sources for plant derived fibers include, but are not limited to, abaca, bagasse, bamboo, coir, cotton, flax, hemp, jute, kapok, kenaf, pina, raffia, ramie, sisal, tree- bark, wood, or combinations thereof.
  • the fibers may be synthetically formed fibers including naturally occurring materials such as, for example, art silk, lyocell rayon, modal rayon, rayon, triacetate, or combinations thereof.
  • the fibers having magnetic particles and/or the unmodified fibers may be synthetic fibers containing, for example, glass, carbon, carbon nanotubes, polyamides, polyimides, polyolefin, polyester, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyurethane-polyurea, acrylonitrile, polybenzimidazole, poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole), and the like, or combinations thereof.
  • the unmodified fibers and/or the fibers having magnetic particles may be blends of natural and synthetic fibers.
  • the fibers having magnetic particles may, in some embodiments, further include a binder and/or an adhesive for binding the magnetic particles to the fibers, for binding the fibers to a matrix, or for binding the fibers to each other.
  • the detectable tags of various embodiments may be used for any suitable purpose known in the art.
  • the detectable tags may be used for identifying and authenticating articles of manufacture.
  • the detectable tags may be associated with articles including, but not limited to, dresses, blouses, tunics, skirts, shorts, shawls, scarfs, suits, vests, shirts, pants, ties, jackets, sweaters, cardigans, footwear, purses, handbags, wallets, linens, rugs, carpets, beddings, curtains, comforters, blankets, and/or the like.
  • the detectable tags may be associated with articles used in sports and recreation such as, for example, parachutes, sails, gliders, kites, diving suits, ropes, and/or the like.
  • the detectable tags may be incorporated within the particular articles they are associated with and may not be visible under normal light conditions.
  • a detectable tag may be in the form of a logo of the manufacturer. When such a tag is exposed to a suitable time-varying magnetic field, the magnetic particles produce heat allowing the logo to be visualized using, for example, an infrared camera.
  • detectable tags of various embodiments may be used for distinguishing genuine articles having such tags from a particular manufacturer from counterfeit articles or knock-offs not having such tags.
  • Embodiments are further directed to systems and methods for identifying an article of manufacture including fibers having magnetic particles.
  • the fibers having magnetic particles may form a detectable tag that is associated with the article of manufacture.
  • the detectable tag includes a pattern made from fibers having magnetic particles and unmodified particles in the form of, for example, a barcode, a QR code, a fractal, a logo, one or more alphabets, one or more numerals, a geometric shape, and the like, or a combination thereof that conveys particular information.
  • the pattern may include fibers containing one or more fiber materials, one or more magnetic materials, and/or one or more particle shapes and/or sizes, or the unmodified fibers of one or more fiber materials.
  • a method of identifying an article of manufacture may include exposing the article of manufacture to a time-varying magnetic field, imaging the article of manufacture using an infrared camera, and identifying the article of manufacture based on an infrared pattern sensed by the infrared camera.
  • Figures 2A and 2B depict an illustrative schematic of a detectable tag made from fibers having magnetic particles in the presence of a time-varying magnetic field as seen by an infrared camera. As shown in Figure 2B the detectable tag 201 shows a pattern 202 when imaged by an infrared camera as defined by the fibers having magnetic particles when the detectable tag 201 is exposed to a time- varying magnetic field.
  • the time-varying magnetic field may be generated by, for example, an electromagnet, a solenoid, an induction coil, an oscillating permanent magnet, and the like, or any combination thereof.
  • the time-varying magnetic field depending on the magnitude of the magnetic field and the frequency, may heat the magnetic particles of the detectable tag 201, thereby increasing the temperature of the fibers having the magnetic particles.
  • the fibers having magnetic particles can be distinguished from unmodified fibers.
  • the intensity of an image obtained from an infrared camera depends on the temperature.
  • a detectable tag having magnetic particles of different magnetic materials, different combinations of those magnetic materials, different arrangement or different particle sizes and/or shapes may be distinguished by their respective intensities when imaged by an infrared camera even when exposed to the same time -varying magnetic field.
  • the detectable tag 201 may include patterns having unmodified fibers and/or fibers having magnetic particles with one or more magnetic materials, one or more particle sizes, or one or more particle shapes.
  • the unmodified fiber and/or the fibers having magnetic particles in a detectable tag 201 may be of one or more materials.
  • a system for identifying an article of manufacture having a pattern may include a magnet configured to produce a time-varying magnetic field having a magnetic field of magnitude of at least about 1000 gauss, and an infrared camera.
  • the pattern may include fibers having magnetic particles configured to produce heat when exposed to a time-varying magnetic field.
  • the infrared camera may be used for sensing the temperature differences within the pattern produced on exposure to the magnetic field.
  • the system may include a display device attached to the infrared camera for displaying the pattern sensed by the infrared camera.
  • the pattern may include unmodified fibers and/or fibers having magnetic particles having one or more magnetic materials, one or more particle shapes, and/or one or more particle sizes.
  • the unmodified fibers and/or the fibers having magnetic particles may be of one or more fiber materials described herein.
  • the fibers having magnetic particles of various embodiments may be made by any method.
  • a method of making fibers having magnetic particles may include contacting one or more fibers with a binder and/or an adhesive, and contacting magnetic particles with the one or more fibers having the binder and/or the adhesive.
  • the one or more fibers may be of any material known in the art including natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or blends thereof.
  • the magnetic particles may be of any magnetic material known in the art such as, for example, ferromagnetic materials or ferrimagnetic materials.
  • the particles of various embodiments may have an average size of, for example, about 1 nm, about 5 nm, about 10 nm, about 20 nm, about 30 nm, about 50 nm, about 100 nm, about 150 nm, about 200 nm, about 300 nm, about 500 nm, about 750 nm, about 1000 nm, about 2 ⁇ , about 3 ⁇ , about 4 ⁇ , about 5 ⁇ , about 6 ⁇ , about 7 ⁇ , about 8 ⁇ , about 9 ⁇ , about 10 ⁇ , or any value in a range between any two of these values.
  • the binder and/or the adhesive may be contacted with the one or more fibers by any method known in the art.
  • contacting the one or more fibers with a binder and/or an adhesive may include pulling the one or more fibers through a binder and/or an adhesive solution or mixture.
  • the binder and/or the adhesive may be aerosolized and sprayed on the one or more fibers.
  • a roll or a bobbin having the one or more fibers may be immersed in a mixture or solution of the binder and/or the adhesive for a suitable period of time. The excess binder and/or adhesive may be removed, and the roll or bobbin may be dried and/or annealed.
  • the magnetic particles may be contacted with the one or more fibers having the binder and/or the adhesive by any method known in the art.
  • the magnetic particles may be suspended in a non-reacting liquid, aerosolized, and sprayed on the one or more fibers having the binder and/or the adhesive.
  • the magnetic particles may be sprayed on the one or more fibers having the binder and/or the adhesive as a powder.
  • the one or more fibers having the binder and/or adhesive may be immersed in a powder or a suspension, and the one or more fibers dried and/or annealed.
  • a method of making fibers having magnetic particles may include melting a starting material to form a melt, contacting the magnetic particles with the melt, and drawing fibers from the melt.
  • the starting material may include polyamides, polyimides, polyolefin, polyester, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyurethane-polyurea, acrylonitrile, polybenzimidazole, poly(p-phenylene- 2,6-benzobisoxazole), and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • melting the starting material may include heating the starting material to a temperature of about 100 °C to about 450 °C depending on the particular starting material.
  • the magnetic particles may be of any magnetic material known in the art and of any size known in the art, or as described herein.
  • contacting the magnetic particles with the melt may include adding the magnetic particles to the melt, stirring the magnetic particles in to the melt, and/or flowing the melt through a layer of magnetic particles.
  • contacting the magnetic particles with the melt may, in some embodiments, further include steps such as, for example, maintaining the temperature of the melt, heating the melt to further increase the temperature, agitating the melt, and the like, or a combination thereof.
  • Example 1 Nylon fibers with magnetite particles
  • Nylon 6,6 is heated to a temperature of about 260 °C to form a nylon 6,6 melt.
  • Magnetite (Fe 3 0 4 ) particles having an average size of about 30 nm are added to the melt and mixed so as to homogenously distribute the particles in the melt. Fibers are extruded from the particle mixed melt and rolled on to spindles for future use.
  • Example 2 Detectable tag using nylon fibers
  • Nylon 6,6 fibers and magnetic nylon 6,6 fibers of Example 1 are woven together to form a barcode where the dark portion of the barcode is made of magnetic nylon 6,6 fibers of Example 1 and the light portion of the barcode is made of nylon 6,6.
  • the barcode is arranged such that the color-inverse of the barcode encodes a Universal Product Code (UPC) for a particular product.
  • UPC Universal Product Code
  • Example 3 Identifying an article of clothing having a magnetic detectable tag
  • the detectable tag of Example 2 is attached to an article of clothing (e.g. a jacket, a shirt, a dress, a suit, pants, etc.).
  • an article of clothing e.g. a jacket, a shirt, a dress, a suit, pants, etc.
  • the magnetic nylon 6,6 fibers produce heat such that the dark portion of the barcode is hotter than the light portion of the barcode.
  • the hotter (dark portion) areas of the barcode glow and appear bright, whereas the light portions of the barcode appear dark.
  • This barcode is read by a barcode scanner to decode a UPC encoded by the infrared image. Without the magnetic field, the magnetic nylon 6,6 and nylon 6,6 in the detectable tag are identical and indistinguishable under normal light as well as infrared light.
  • Example 4 Authenticating an handbag having a magnetic tag
  • a detectable tag in the form of a brand logo made from polyester fibers having nickel particles (average size about 50 nm) and unmodified polyester fibers is incorporated in the inner lining of a handbag.
  • the logo is not visually detectable under normal lighting conditions.
  • a shipment of handbags is intercepted at a country's border as part of an anti-counterfeiting campaign. Each bag in the shipment is exposed to an AC magnetic field having a magnitude of about 1.5 kG and visualized through an infrared camera. Genuine bags having a logo visible through the infrared camera are allowed to be imported (authenticated) while bags without the logo are destroyed.
  • Example 5 Authenticating a carpet having a magnetic tag
  • a detectable tag similar to the one in Example 4 is incorporated into a carpet.
  • the tag is not visible under normal light conditions, but a genuine carpet can be distinguished from a counterfeit by exposing the carpet to an AC magnetic field having a magnitude of about 1.5 kG and visualizing through an infrared camera.
  • a carpet with a tag visible through the infrared camera is genuine whereas a carpet without a tag is counterfeit.
  • a range includes each individual member.
  • a group having 1-3 cells refers to groups having 1, 2, or 3 cells.
  • a group having 1-5 cells refers to groups having 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 cells, and so forth.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur des fibres magnétothermiques. Les fibres comprennent des particules magnétiques qui sont configurées pour produire de la chaleur dans un champ magnétique variant dans le temps. La présente invention porte également sur une étiquette apte à être détectée pour un article de fabrication. L'étiquette comprend des fibres ayant des particules magnétiques configurées pour produire de la chaleur lorsqu'elles sont exposées à un champ magnétique variant dans le temps. La présente invention porte également sur des procédés de réalisation de fibres magnétothermiques et d'étiquettes aptes à être détectées ayant des fibres magnétothermiques.
PCT/US2012/067346 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 Fibres magnétothermiques Ceased WO2014084853A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2012/067346 WO2014084853A1 (fr) 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 Fibres magnétothermiques

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2012/067346 WO2014084853A1 (fr) 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 Fibres magnétothermiques

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WO2014084853A1 true WO2014084853A1 (fr) 2014-06-05

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10275823B2 (en) 2015-06-15 2019-04-30 Adidas Ag Systems and techniques for computer-enabled geo-targeted product reservation for secure and authenticated online reservations

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