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WO2014068826A1 - Structure de refroidissement de stator pour machine rotative supraconductrice - Google Patents

Structure de refroidissement de stator pour machine rotative supraconductrice Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014068826A1
WO2014068826A1 PCT/JP2013/005201 JP2013005201W WO2014068826A1 WO 2014068826 A1 WO2014068826 A1 WO 2014068826A1 JP 2013005201 W JP2013005201 W JP 2013005201W WO 2014068826 A1 WO2014068826 A1 WO 2014068826A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
back yoke
teeth
flow path
stator
tooth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2013/005201
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
圭巳 尾立
勝弥 梅本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Kawasaki Motors Ltd
Original Assignee
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd, Kawasaki Jukogyo KK filed Critical Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Publication of WO2014068826A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014068826A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
    • H02K55/02—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
    • H02K55/04—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type with rotating field windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/10—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by gaseous cooling medium flowing in closed circuit, a part of which is external to the machine casing
    • H02K9/12—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by gaseous cooling medium flowing in closed circuit, a part of which is external to the machine casing wherein the cooling medium circulates freely within the casing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stator cooling structure for a superconducting rotating machine.
  • a superconducting rotating ⁇ ⁇ machine using a superconducting winding in which a superconducting phenomenon occurs generally includes a stator, a rotor, and a housing that supports the rotor and the stator. (housing) is a motor or generator.
  • a rotating machine other than the superconducting rotating machine there is a normal electric rotating machine (normal-conducting-rotating machine) that uses a normal-conducting winding that does not cause a superconducting phenomenon.
  • the superconducting rotating machine usually has a radial gap structure in which the rotor is superconducting (superconducting field winding) and the stator is conducting normally (conducting normal conducting coil).
  • the stator of a normal electric rotating machine is composed of an iron core made of a ferromagnetic material such as iron, and a stator winding disposed in a concave groove called a slot provided in the iron core.
  • the iron core is formed, for example, by laminating alloy ropes such as electromagnetic steel sheets having a small magnetic hysteresis and a high saturation magnetization.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a so-called all-superconducting rotating machine structure in which a rotor and a stator are both superconducting, unlike the above-described normal structure, but an air-core superconductivity is formed on the inner surface of a cylindrical stator. It is disclosed that the windings are arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the stator of a superconducting rotating machine adopts an air core structure without an iron core, it has copper loss and eddy current loss as its main loss, like the stator of a normal electric rotating machine. It has been known. Copper loss is manifested as heat generated by electric resistance due to an energization current to the stator winding. On the other hand, the eddy current loss is manifested as electric resistance heat generation caused by eddy current generated around the magnetic flux lines. Therefore, a cooling structure for cooling these electric resistance heat generation is necessary.
  • FIG. 6 of Patent Document 2 As a cooling structure for a stator of a normal conduction rotating machine provided with an iron core, a cooling structure disclosed in FIG.
  • the stator iron core is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel plates in the stator axial direction, and spacing pieces are inserted for each appropriate lamination thickness of the stator iron core.
  • a ventilation channel is formed.
  • the cooling medium is guided from the outer peripheral portion of the stator core to the ventilation channel, and is discharged toward the air gap in the inner peripheral portion of the stator while cooling the electric resistance heat generation of the stator core. .
  • a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the teeth portion that penetrate the teeth portion of the stator iron core disclosed in FIG. 6 of Patent Document 2 in the axial direction of the stator. Accordingly, a part of the cooling medium from the outer peripheral portion of the stator is discharged to the frame end portion of the stator without being discharged to the air gap, so that the cooling medium and the rotor discharged from the stator in the air gap Collision with the cooling medium discharged from the can be avoided.
  • the cooling medium is guided from the outer peripheral portion of the stator to the ventilation passage and is discharged into the air gap between the stator and the rotor while cooling the electric resistance heat generation of the stator iron core. It is configured so that. For this reason, there exists a subject that a pressure loss arises with the collision with the cooling medium discharged
  • a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the teeth portion of the stator core.
  • the cooling medium that passes from the outer peripheral portion of the stator toward the air gap passes through the ventilation passage so that a part of the cooling medium is guided to the plurality of ventilation holes of the teeth portion.
  • the cooling structure of Patent Document 2 is for a stator of a normal conducting rotator provided with an iron core, and the stator of a superconducting rotator adopts an air core structure without an iron core.
  • the magnetic flux density is higher than that of the stator of a normal conduction rotating machine. For this reason, it is difficult to simply employ the cooling structure of Patent Document 2 for the stator of a superconducting rotating machine.
  • the cross-sectional area of the ventilation channel is large or the arrangement interval of the ventilation channels is short, eddy current loss due to leakage of magnetic flux is likely to occur.
  • the cross-sectional area of the ventilation channel is small or the arrangement interval of the ventilation channels is long, the cooling medium becomes difficult to flow through the ventilation channel, so the pressure loss increases and the cooling capacity decreases accordingly. . Therefore, in order to achieve a good balance between suppressing magnetic flux leakage and reducing pressure loss, it is necessary to determine the width and arrangement interval of the ventilation channel. It does not mention the size of the arrangement interval.
  • the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and the object thereof is to make the rotor superconducting and make the stator normal conducting, and the stator winding disposed in the stator as an air core. It is to efficiently cool the stator of the radial gap type superconducting rotating machine.
  • a stator cooling structure for a superconducting rotating machine surrounds the periphery of a rotor in which a plurality of field windings using superconducting wires are arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the plurality of air supply passages and the plurality of exhaust passages formed, and the back yokes pass between the adjacent divided pieces of the back yoke, and one ends of the back yokes are respectively connected to the corresponding air supply passages.
  • the back yoke passes through the exhaust, and each one end thereof corresponds to the exhaust.
  • a plurality of exhaust back yoke flow paths arranged in the circumferential direction of the back yoke so as to be connected to the flow paths, respectively, and two groups of teeth respectively disposed on adjacent divided pieces of the back yoke
  • Multiple teeth arranged in the circumferential direction of the back yoke so as to extend from the proximal end of the tooth toward the distal end and to be connected to the corresponding supply air back yoke flow path respectively.
  • the cooling medium sent from the external cooling medium supply device and flowing in the air supply flow path is guided to the air supply back yoke flow path and flows in the air supply back yoke flow path. Thereby, the back yoke is cooled.
  • the cooling medium discharged from the air supply back yoke flow path is guided to the air supply tooth flow path and flows through the air supply tooth flow path.
  • positioned between the teeth adjacent to the teeth is cooled.
  • the cooling medium flowing in the air supply teeth flow path is guided to a plurality of tooth holes formed in the teeth.
  • the tooth hole is formed so as to communicate the supply tooth passage and the exhaust tooth passage. Therefore, the cooling medium flowing in the supply air tooth passage flows into the exhaust tooth passage through the tooth hole. Thereby, the teeth are further cooled.
  • the cooling medium guided to the exhaust tooth flow path is guided to the exhaust back yoke flow path connected to the exhaust tooth flow path. That is, the cooling medium flows in the exhaust tooth passage and in the exhaust back yoke passage.
  • the cooling medium discharged from the exhaust back yoke flow path is guided to the exhaust flow path connected to the exhaust back yoke flow path and flows in the exhaust flow path.
  • a back yoke flow path width that is an axial length of the back yoke in the air supply back yoke flow path and the exhaust back yoke flow path, and the air supply teeth flow path
  • the tooth flow path width which is the axial length of the back yoke in the exhaust tooth flow path, may be determined so that the following equation is satisfied.
  • t2 ⁇ (B1 ⁇ t1 + 4 ⁇ Ah) ⁇ (4 ⁇ B2) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
  • t1 is the back yoke channel width
  • t2 is the teeth channel width
  • B1 is the circumferential length of the housing in the back yoke channel
  • B2 is the circumferential length of the housing in the teeth channel
  • Ah is The area per tooth hole, ⁇ , is a proportionality coefficient of 0.9 to 1.1.
  • the back yoke channel width is 6 mm
  • the teeth channel width is 12 mm
  • the supply back yoke channel and the exhaust back yoke channel in the axial direction of the back yoke The arrangement interval and the arrangement interval of the air supply tooth passage and the exhaust tooth passage in the axial direction of the back yoke may both be 100 mm.
  • a ventilation channel having a channel width of 10 mm is generally arranged at a channel interval of 50 mm in the axial direction of the stator. Therefore, the predetermined interval in the axial direction of the casing in the back yoke and the predetermined interval in the axial direction of the casing in the teeth are twice the flow interval of the conventional normal conduction rotating machine, and the back yoke flow width is It is 60% of the flow path width of the normal conduction rotating machine. Thereby, reduction of the eddy current loss accompanying magnetic flux leakage can be achieved. Furthermore, since the tooth flow path width is twice the back yoke flow path width, the pressure loss of the cooling medium can be reduced.
  • stator of the superconducting rotator has an air-core structure, even if the teeth channel width is larger than the channel width of the conventional normal conduction rotator, the eddy current loss that occurs in the stator winding is reduced. There is no effect.
  • the stator further includes a wedge constructed between adjacent teeth so as to hold the stator winding between the adjacent teeth.
  • the air tooth passage and the exhaust tooth passage extend so as to reach an air gap between the stator and the rotor, and the air gap and the tooth passage are not communicated.
  • the supply tooth flow path and the exhaust tooth flow path may be closed by the wedge.
  • the air supply tooth passage and the exhaust tooth passage when the air supply tooth passage and the exhaust tooth passage extend to reach the air gap between the stator and the rotor, the air supply tooth passage is Part of the flowing cooling medium flows into the adjacent exhaust tooth flow path through the air gap. Accordingly, the air supply tooth passage and the exhaust tooth passage may communicate with the air gap.
  • the air gap side opening of the air supply tooth flow path is closed by the wedge, so that the cooling medium flowing in the air supply tooth flow path is not discharged into the air gap, It is led to a plurality of teeth holes formed in the teeth. Thereby, the cooling efficiency of teeth can further be improved.
  • the cooling medium led from the supply tooth passage through the tooth hole to the exhaust tooth passage is directed toward the air gap. Without being discharged, the air is guided to the exhaust back yoke flow path connected to the exhaust tooth flow path. Thereby, the cooling medium discharged from the stator and the cooling medium discharged from the rotor do not collide with each other in the air gap, and the cooling efficiency of the stator can be improved.
  • a radially outer surface of the stator winding located in the supply back yoke flow path and the exhaust back yoke flow path extends in the axial direction of the back yoke.
  • a rectifying body having a cross-sectional shape protruding outward in the radial direction may be disposed.
  • the flow of the cooling medium from the back yoke channel to the teeth channel can be made smooth, so that the back yoke, the teeth, and the stator winding can be more efficiently cooled.
  • the supply tooth passage and the exhaust tooth passage sandwiching a group of the teeth disposed on one piece of the back yoke are arranged on both sides of each tooth.
  • the supply tooth passage and the exhaust tooth passage sandwiching a group of the teeth disposed on one piece of the back yoke are arranged on both sides of each tooth.
  • different types of flow paths are positioned in the two types of flow paths, the supply air flow path and the exhaust tooth flow path, and the different types of flow paths are respectively defined by the teeth holes. It may be in communication.
  • the stator of a radial gap type superconducting rotating machine having a rotor made superconducting and a stator made normal conducting, and a stator winding disposed on the stator as an air core is efficiently cooled. can do.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an external appearance example and an internal structure example of a superconducting rotating machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration example of the superconducting rotating machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an example of a cross-sectional view of the adjacent teeth shown in FIG. 2 and a stator winding disposed in a slot between them.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional example of the stator cooling structure of the superconducting rotating machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the stator cooling structure of the superconducting rotating machine shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of the stator cooling structure of the superconducting rotating machine shown in FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of the stator cooling structure of the superconducting rotating machine shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of determining the widths of the back yoke channel and the tooth channel shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph for explaining the relationship among the back yoke inlet area, the tooth inlet area, and the tooth hole area shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of the cooling medium from the back yoke flow path toward the tooth flow path due to the installation of the rectifying body in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of the cooling medium from the back yoke flow path toward the tooth flow path when the rectifying body in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is not installed.
  • FIG. 12A is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a rectifier in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12B is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of the rectifying body according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an external appearance example and an internal structure example of a superconducting rotating machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view schematically showing a configuration example of the superconducting rotating machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the superconducting rotating machine shown in FIG. 2 has 6 phases (for example, U phase, V phase, W phase, X phase, Y phase, Z phase), 6 poles (permanent magnet field), and 72 slots. Is the case. Needless to say, the number of phases and the number of poles of the superconducting rotating machine are arbitrary.
  • the superconducting rotating machine 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a radial gap type structure in which the rotor 16 is superconductive (superconducting field winding) and the stator 18 is normal conducting (normal conductive armature winding). .
  • the superconducting rotating machine 10 has a cylindrical casing 12 ⁇ ⁇ formed integrally with an air supply passage and an exhaust passage, which will be described later, the rotor 16, and the casing 12 so as to surround the rotor 16. And an arranged stator 18.
  • the superconducting rotating machine 10 has a cooling structure for the stator 18, the description of the cooling structure will be described later.
  • the rotor 16 has a central shaft 14 and a rotor shaft 20 that is rotatably supported by the housing 12.
  • the rotor shaft 20 supports a rotor core 22 that is an inner cylindrical body around the central axis 14 and a casing 24 that is an outer cylindrical body.
  • a cylindrical vacuum heat insulation space is constructed between the rotor core 22 and the casing 24, and in the vacuum heat insulation space, a coreless core type in which a plurality of magnetic pole pairs are formed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • a superconducting coil 28 is arranged.
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement of superconducting coils 28 having three magnetic pole pairs as a case of six poles.
  • the rotor 16 is provided with a cooling structure for cooling the superconducting coil 28 disposed in the above-described vacuum heat insulating space.
  • a coolant for cooling the superconducting coil 28 used in this cooling structure for example, helium gas can be employed.
  • the rotor core 22 is preferably formed by cutting a non-magnetic material having excellent low-temperature characteristics, for example, a solid cylindrical forged material made of SUS316.
  • the casing 24 preferably includes one or a plurality of heat insulating material layers having excellent heat insulating properties against low temperatures.
  • the stator 18 is formed by laminating a plurality of annular electromagnetic steel plates (for example, silicon steel plates) in an axial direction parallel to the center axis 14 of the stator 18 (which is also the center axis of the rotor shaft 20), and is cylindrical as a whole. And a back yoke 32 formed on the substrate.
  • the back yoke 32 is divided into a plurality of sections having a thickness of a predetermined stacking interval in the axial direction.
  • a slot 36 (concave shape) having a substantially rectangular cross section in a direction parallel to the central axis 14 of the stator 18. Groove) is extended.
  • the teeth 34 are made of a non-magnetic material, for example, a rigid resin material having high mechanical strength such as fiber reinforced plastic (FRP).
  • the teeth 34 may be formed of a nonmagnetic metal such as stainless steel.
  • the teeth 3 4 are formed by laminating a plurality of nonmagnetic thin plates in a direction parallel to the central axis 14 of the stator 18.
  • the teeth 34 are formed of a nonmagnetic material, so that it is possible to avoid the generation of eddy currents in the teeth 34 due to the movement of the magnetic field accompanying the rotation of the rotor 16. No cooling structure is required. Further, it is possible to avoid the magnetic flux from concentrating on the radially inner end of the teeth 34 (the end facing the rotor 16).
  • Each slot 36 is given a slot number for identifying each slot.
  • FIG. 2 shows a method of assigning slot numbers when the number of slots is 72.
  • a pair of unit windings of the stator winding 40 that are in phase with each other are arranged in the radially outer region and the radially inner region of the housing 12.
  • the total number of unit windings of the stator winding 40 is 72, which is the same as the number of slots.
  • the unit windings of the stator windings 40 arranged in the slots 36 are identified using the symbols 40 (1), 40 (2),... Will be described using reference numerals 36 (1), 36 (2),..., 36 (72).
  • the stator winding 40 is different from the first Y (star) connection composed of, for example, a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, and a W-phase winding that are 120 ° out of phase with each other and 120 ° out of phase with each other.
  • Each phase winding of one Y connection has a second Y (star) connection consisting of an X-phase winding, a Y-phase winding, and a Z-phase winding that are arranged out of phase by 60 °, Further, the neutral point of the first Y connection and the neutral point of the second Y connection are connected to each other.
  • the U-phase winding is a slot pair of serial numbers adjacent to each other, and is disposed in each of the slot pairs that appear at intervals of 12 slots.
  • the U-phase winding includes slots 36 (1), 36 (2), 36 of slot numbers 1, 2, 13, 14, 25, 26, 37, 38, 49, 50, 61, 62. (13), 36 (14), 36 (25), 36 (27), 36 (37), 36 (38), 36 (49), 36 (50), 36 (61), 36 (62) Is done. That is, the U-phase winding includes 12 unit windings 40 (1), 40 (2), 40 (13), 40 (14), 40 (25), 40 (26), 40 (37), 40 (38), 40 (49), 40 (50), 40 (61), 40 (62) are connected in series.
  • FIG. 3 is an example of a cross-sectional view of the stator winding 40 disposed in the adjacent teeth 34 shown in FIG. 2 and the slot 36 between them.
  • the slot 36 set between the adjacent teeth 34 has a pair of long sides along the radial direction of the housing 12 as an arrangement region of the stator winding 40. It has a rectangular parallelepiped region (62a, 62b, 60 a, 60b) having a rectangular cross-sectional shape having a pair of short sides along the circumferential direction.
  • the rectangular parallelepiped regions (62a, a62b, 60a, 60b) are partitioned into a radially outer region (62a, 62b) and a radially inner region (60a, 60b) of the housing 12.
  • the radially outer region (62a, 62b) is a circumferential one side (clockwise side) region 62a and the other circumferential side (counterclockwise side) region of the stator 18 when viewed from the radial direction of the housing 12. 62b.
  • the radially inner region (60a, 60b) is divided into a circumferential one side region 60a and a circumferential other side region 6 0b of the stator 18 when viewed from the radial direction of the housing 12.
  • a unit winding 40 (K) which is a part of a certain phase winding disposed in the slot 36 of the slot number K (1 ⁇ K ⁇ 72) is disposed, and the radial direction In the inner region (60a, 60b), a unit winding 40 (K-12) (when K> 12) or a unit winding 40 (K + 60) which is a part of the same phase winding as the unit winding 40 (K) (When K ⁇ 12) is arranged.
  • the unit winding 40 (K) shown in FIG. 3 has, for example, a plurality of insulated conductor wires 41, and a plurality of insulated conductors such that each rectangular cross section of the plurality of insulated conductor strands 41 is arranged in a matrix. It is configured by bundling the strands 41.
  • the row direction corresponds to the radial direction of the housing 12, and the column direction corresponds to the circumferential direction of the stator 18.
  • a cross section of a unit winding 40 (K) in which 42 insulated conductor wires 41 are arranged in 7 rows and 6 columns is shown.
  • the insulated conductor wire 41 includes a wire conductor and an insulating material that closes the outer periphery of the wire conductor, and is electrically insulated from the other insulated conductor wires 41 by the insulating material.
  • Each insulated conductor wire 41 is a rectangular conducting wire having a rectangular cross-sectional shape having a pair of long sides along the row direction and a pair of short sides along the column direction.
  • the insulated conductor wire 41 is not limited to a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and may have various cross-sectional shapes such as a square, a circle, or a triangle. However, from the viewpoint of higher density, a rectangular cross-sectional shape such as a rectangle or a square is preferable.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional example of the stator cooling structure of the superconducting rotating machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the stator cooling structure of the superconducting rotating machine shown in FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of the stator cooling structure of the superconducting rotating machine shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line DD of the stator cooling structure of the superconducting rotating machine shown in FIG.
  • the supply air ventilation cover 52 and the exhaust ventilation cover 53 extending in the axial direction of the back yoke 32 are alternately formed in the circumferential direction of the stator 18 so as to surround the outer periphery of the back yoke 32.
  • the supply air ventilation cover 52 and the exhaust ventilation cover 53 are members for partitioning the inside of the machine from the outside of the machine and forming a ventilation path for the cooling medium.
  • the air supply ventilation cover 52 and the exhaust ventilation cover 53 may not be alternately formed in the circumferential direction of the stator 18, and the air supply ventilation cover 52 and the exhaust ventilation cover 53 are formed in the circumferential direction of the stator 18. It only has to be done.
  • the air supply ventilation cover 52 is located on the center line of the stator 18 in the vertical direction from the bottom surface on which the superconducting rotating machine 10 is installed, and the air supply ventilation cover 52 has an axial end on one end side of the back yoke 32.
  • the air supply port 50 is arranged.
  • the exhaust ventilation cover 53 is located on the center line of the stator 18 in the vertical direction from the bottom surface on which the superconducting rotating machine 10 is installed.
  • the exhaust port 51 is arranged.
  • An air supply passage 55 extends in the axial direction of the back yoke 32 so as to face the air supply / air cover 52 in a space (air passage) between the air supply / air cover 52 and the back yoke 32 of the stator 18. Yes.
  • An exhaust passage 56 extends in the axial direction of the back yoke 32 so as to face the exhaust ventilation cover 53 in the space between the exhaust ventilation cover 53 and the back yoke 32 of the stator 18.
  • a plurality of air supply passages formed in the circumferential direction of the back yoke 32 so as to extend in the axial direction of the back yoke 32 (in this embodiment, the air supply ventilation cover 52, the back A ventilation path formed by the yoke 32 and the air supply port 50) and a plurality of exhaust channels (in this embodiment, a ventilation path formed by the exhaust ventilation cover 53, the back yoke 32 and the exhaust port 51).
  • a back yoke channel 31 penetrating the back yoke 32 is formed at each of the above-described stacking intervals of the back yoke 32 (hereinafter referred to as a back yoke channel interval), in other words, between adjacent divided pieces of the back yoke 32. Yes.
  • the back yoke channel 31 is formed by inserting a spacing piece 54 at every back yoke channel interval.
  • the plurality of back yoke channels 31 arranged in the axial direction of the back yoke 32 from the one axial end side of the back yoke 3 2 toward the other axial end side are alternately provided with an air supply channel 55 and an exhaust channel 56. It is communicated.
  • the teeth 34 are arranged at predetermined stacking intervals (hereinafter referred to as teeth channel intervals) of the teeth 34 having the same length as the back yoke channel interval, in other words, on the adjacent divided pieces of the back yoke 32. Between the two groups of teeth 34, a tooth channel 37 extending from the base end of the tooth 34 toward the tip end is formed.
  • the teeth flow path 37 is formed by inserting an interval piece (not shown) at every tooth flow path interval.
  • the plurality of teeth flow paths 37 arranged in the axial direction of the back yoke 32 from one axial end side of the back yoke 32 toward the other axial end side are back yoke flow paths communicated with the air supply flow path 55.
  • each of the plurality of air supply back yoke channels 31a is connected to the corresponding air supply channel (the air flow path formed by the air supply ventilation cover 52, the back yoke 32, and the air supply port 50). In this way, they are arranged in the circumferential direction of the back yoke 32.
  • the plurality of exhaust back yoke flow paths 31b are connected to the corresponding exhaust flow paths (the ventilation paths formed by the exhaust ventilation cover 53, the back yoke 32, and the exhaust port 51).
  • a plurality of air supply back yoke channels 31 a are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the back yoke 32.
  • a radial air gap (radial air gap) 39 is provided between the stator 18 and the rotor 16, and the teeth flow is set so that the tooth flow path 37 and the radial air gap 39 are not communicated with each other.
  • the passage 37 is closed by a wedge 38.
  • the wedge 38 is installed between the adjacent teeth 34 so as to hold the stator winding 40 in the slot 36 between the teeth 34 adjacent in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the back yoke 32. It is a wedge member.
  • a tooth channel 37 (hereinafter referred to as an air supply tooth channel 37a) connected to the air supply back yoke channel 31a and a tooth channel 37 (hereinafter referred to as an exhaust tooth channel 37b) connected to the exhaust back yoke channel 31b.
  • a plurality of teeth holes 35 penetrating the teeth 34 in the axial direction of the back yoke 32 are formed so as to communicate with each other.
  • the plurality of air supply teeth channels 37a are arranged in the circumferential direction of the back yoke 32 so that the respective base ends are connected to the corresponding air supply back yoke channels 31a.
  • the plurality of exhaust tooth passages 37b alternate with the plurality of air supply teeth passages 37a in the circumferential direction of the back yoke 32 so that the base ends thereof are respectively connected to the corresponding exhaust back yoke passages 31b. Is arranged.
  • the cooling medium flows through the following path.
  • the cooling medium sent from a predetermined cooling medium supply device (not shown) to the air supply port 50 is guided to the inlet opening portion of the air supply passage 55 between the air supply ventilation cover 52 and the back yoke 32.
  • the air flows in the supply passage 55 in the axial direction of the back yoke 32.
  • the cooling medium in the air supply passage 55 is guided to the inlet opening of the air supply back yoke passage 31a, and the inside of the air supply back yoke passage 31a is directed in the radial direction of the housing 12. Flowing. Thereby, the back yoke 32 is cooled.
  • the cooling medium discharged from the outlet opening of the air supply back yoke passage 31a is guided to the inlet opening of the air supply teeth passage 37a, and the inside of the air supply teeth passage 37a passes through the inside of the casing 12. Flows in the radial direction. Thereby, the stator winding 40 disposed in the slot 36 between the teeth 34 adjacent to the teeth 34 is cooled.
  • the cooling medium flowing in the supply air flow passage 37a is not discharged into the radial air gap 39 but formed in the teeth 34.
  • the plurality of teeth holes 35 are guided to the inlet openings.
  • the tooth hole 35 is formed so as to penetrate the tooth 34 in the axial direction of the back yoke 32 so as to communicate the air supply tooth passage 37a and the exhaust tooth passage 37b. Therefore, the cooling medium flowing through the supply air flow path 37 a flows from the supply air flow path 37 a to the exhaust tooth flow path 37 b through the tooth hole 35. Thereby, the teeth 34 are further cooled.
  • the outlet opening of the exhaust tooth passage 37b is closed by a wedge 38. Therefore, the cooling medium guided to the exhaust tooth flow path 37b is not discharged toward the radial air gap 39, but the inlet of the exhaust back yoke flow path 31b connected to the outlet opening of the exhaust tooth flow path 37b. Guided to the opening. That is, the cooling medium flows in the radial direction of the housing 12 in the exhaust tooth passage 37b and the exhaust back yoke passage 31b.
  • the cooling medium discharged from the outlet opening of the exhaust back yoke passage 31b is guided to the exhaust passage 56 connected to the exhaust back yoke passage 31b, and the inside of the exhaust passage 56 is passed through the back yoke. It flows toward 32 axial directions. Then, the cooling medium is discharged to the outside from the exhaust port 51 disposed at the terminal end (the other end side in the axial direction) of the exhaust flow path 56.
  • the back yoke 32, the teeth 34, and the stator winding 40 of the stator 18 can be efficiently cooled. Further, as the cooling efficiency of the stator 18 is improved as described above, the required flow rate and required static pressure of the external cooling medium supply device can be reduced.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for determining the width of each of the back yoke channel 31 and the teeth channel 37 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph for explaining the relationship among the back yoke inlet area, the tooth inlet area, and the tooth hole area shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 and 9 show the case where four tooth holes 35 are formed in the tooth 34.
  • the circumferential length is represented by B1
  • the axial length (back yoke flow path width) is represented by t1.
  • the inlet opening of the tooth flow path 37 one half of the circumferential length is represented as B2, and the axial length (tooth flow path width) is represented as t2.
  • the area of the inlet opening of the back yoke channel 31 is denoted by Ab
  • At half of the area of the inlet opening of the teeth channel 37
  • Ah area per one of the tooth holes 35 is denoted by Ah. Represents.
  • the back yoke channel width t1 and the teeth channel width t2 are determined so that the back yoke channel width t1 is smaller than the teeth channel width t2 as described above. Further, the back yoke flow path width t1 and the tooth flow path width t2 are set as follows so as to avoid a sudden change of the cooling medium when passing through the back yoke flow path 31, the tooth flow path 37, and the tooth hole 35, respectively. To be determined.
  • the teeth flow path width t2 and the back yoke flow path width t1 may be determined so that the above equation is satisfied. Thereby, the rapid change of the cooling medium when passing through the back yoke flow path 31, the tooth flow path 37, and the tooth hole 35 can be suppressed, and as a result, the pressure loss can be reduced.
  • a ventilation channel having a channel width of 10 mm is generally arranged at a channel interval of 50 mm in the axial direction of the stator.
  • the cooling structure of the stator 18 of the superconducting rotating machine 10 has a back yoke flow path in the axial direction of the back yoke 32 in order to reduce magnetic flux leakage due to the magnetic east density specific to the superconducting rotating machine.
  • the arrangement interval of 31 (back yoke flow interval) and the arrangement interval of teeth flow passage 37 in the axial direction of the back yoke 32 of the teeth 34 (tooth flow interval) are 2 times the flow interval 50 mm of the conventional normal conduction rotating machine. Doubled to 100 mm. Furthermore, the axial length of the back yoke 32 in the rectangular cross section of the back yoke channel 31 (hereinafter referred to as the back yoke channel width) is 6 mm, which is 60% of the channel width 10 mm of the conventional normal rotating machine. And
  • the axial length of the back yoke 32 in the rectangular cross section of the tooth flow path 37 (hereinafter referred to as the teeth flow path width) is 12 mm, which is twice the 6 mm determined as the back yoke flow path width.
  • the back yoke channel interval and the teeth channel interval are longer than the channel interval of the conventional normal conducting rotator, and the back yoke channel width is smaller than the channel width of the conventional normal conducting rotator. This is because it is necessary to reduce the pressure loss of the cooling medium.
  • stator 18 of the superconducting rotating machine 10 Since the stator 18 of the superconducting rotating machine 10 has an air-core structure, eddy currents generated in the stator winding 40 ⁇ even if the teeth channel width is larger than the channel width of the conventional normal conducting rotating machine. There is no impact on loss.
  • the above numerical examples of the back yoke channel spacing and the tooth channel spacing, the back yoke channel width, and the tooth channel width are merely examples, and the channel width and channel spacing of the conventional normal conduction rotating machine. Determined based on the numerical value of.
  • the back yoke channel interval and the tooth channel interval are twice the channel interval of the conventional normal conducting rotator
  • the back yoke channel width is 60% of the channel width of the conventional normal conducting rotator
  • the tooth channel The width can be determined as twice the back yoke channel width.
  • the back yoke flow path width and the tooth flow path width are determined so as to avoid a sudden change in the cooling medium when passing through the back yoke flow path 31, the tooth flow path 37, and the tooth hole 35, respectively. There is a need to.
  • the exit opening on the radially inner side of the teeth flow path 37 may not be closed by the wedge 38 of the stator winding 40 so that the tooth flow path 37 and the radial air gap 39 are not communicated with each other. Even in this case, a part of the cooling medium flowing in the supply air flow passage 37a is guided to the inlet openings of the plurality of tooth holes 35 formed in the teeth 34, so the teeth 34 and the stator winding It is possible to cool the wire 40 efficiently.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of the cooling medium from the air supply back yoke flow path toward the air supply teeth flow path by installing the rectifier in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of the cooling medium from the air supply back yoke flow path toward the air supply tooth flow path when the rectifying body in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is not installed.
  • FIG. 12A is a schematic diagram showing an example of a rectifier in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12B is a schematic diagram illustrating another example of the rectifying body according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • a radially outer surface of the stator winding 40 located in the supply back yoke flow path 31a and the exhaust back yoke flow path 31b extends in the axial direction of the back yoke 32 and has a diameter of the stator winding 40.
  • a rectifying body 90 having a cross-sectional shape protruding outward is provided.
  • 12A is a triangular prism body having a regular triangular cross-sectional shape when viewed from one axial end side of the back yoke 32.
  • One of the three side surfaces of the triangular prism body is joined to the radially outer surface of the stator winding 40, and the remaining two side surfaces are inclined in accordance with the flow direction of the cooling medium in the back yoke channel 31.
  • the rectifying body 90 illustrated in FIG. 12A may be a rectifier 92 of a semi-cylindrical body having a semicircular cross-sectional shape when viewed from one axial end side of the back yoke 32.
  • it may be a triangular prism having an unequal triangular or isosceles triangular cross section, or a semi-elliptical cylinder having a semi-elliptical cross section.
  • the material of the rectifier 90 may be a material having high thermal conductivity and high electrical resistance.
  • the reason why a material having high thermal conductivity is preferable is that the junction between the rectifying body 90 and the stator winding 40 is not exposed to the cooling medium, and thus the junction needs to be cooled by the heat conduction of the rectifying body 90. Because.
  • the reason why a material having a large electric resistance is preferable is that it is necessary to reduce eddy current loss that may occur in the rectifier 90 due to the joining of the rectifier 90 and the stator winding 4 0. . Examples of materials that satisfy these requirements include metals such as true guns.
  • the cooling medium discharged from the outlet opening of the air supply back yoke channel 31 a partitioned by the adjacent spacing pieces 54 is the stator. It collides with the radially outer surface of the winding 40 and peels off at the edge on the teeth 34 side of the radially outer surface of the stator winding 40. As described above, since the cooling medium does not smoothly flow from the air supply back yoke flow path 31a toward the air supply tooth flow path 37a, there is room for improving the pressure loss.
  • the cooling medium discharged from the outlet opening of the supply back yoke flow path 31a partitioned by the adjacent spacing pieces 5 4 is adjusted.
  • the fluid 90 is branched into two side surfaces from the radially outer edge of the fluid 90, and smoothly flows into the air supply tooth flow passage 37a on both sides of the stator winding 40 provided with the rectifier 90.
  • the cooling effect of the teeth 34 and the stator winding 40 is promoted by rectifying the cooling medium discharged from the air supply back yoke flow path 31a.
  • the present invention is useful for a radial gap type superconducting rotating machine in which a rotor is superconducting and a stator is normally conducting, and a stator winding disposed on the stator is an air core.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Superconductive Dynamoelectric Machines (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une structure de refroidissement de stator comprenant : une pluralité de trajets d'écoulement d'arrivée d'air et de trajets d'écoulement de décharge formés en alternance dans la circonférence extérieure d'une culasse arrière (32), dans la direction circonférentielle de la culasse arrière de manière à s'étendre dans la direction axiale de la culasse arrière ; une pluralité de trajets d'écoulement d'arrivée d'air et de décharge de culasse arrière (31a, 31b) disposés en alternance dans la direction circonférentielle de la culasse arrière de manière à pénétrer dans la culasse arrière entre des pièces de division adjacentes dans la culasse arrière et de telle sorte qu'une extrémité de chacun est connectée à un trajet d'écoulement d'arrivée d'air ou de décharge correspondant ; une pluralité de trajets d'écoulement d'arrivée d'air et de décharge de dent (37a, 37b) disposés dans la direction circonférentielle de la culasse arrière, de manière à s'étendre de la base à la pointe des dents, entre deux groupes de dents disposées dans les pièces de division adjacentes dans la culasse arrière et de telle sorte que chaque extrémité de base est connectée à un trajet d'écoulement d'arrivée d'air de culasse arrière correspondant ; et des trous à dents (35) qui permettent aux dents de pénétrer dans le sens axial de la culasse arrière de manière à connecter le trajet d'écoulement d'arrivée d'air de dent et le trajet d'écoulement de décharge de dent.
PCT/JP2013/005201 2012-11-01 2013-09-03 Structure de refroidissement de stator pour machine rotative supraconductrice Ceased WO2014068826A1 (fr)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111211626A (zh) * 2020-01-20 2020-05-29 哈尔滨理工大学 一种周径向脉振助磁配合多路风冷的高速永磁电机
US11437808B2 (en) 2019-10-01 2022-09-06 General Electric Company System for controlling phase shifting of superconducting electric machines
US20240364188A1 (en) * 2023-04-25 2024-10-31 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Electric motor cooling apparatus

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CN114320755B (zh) * 2021-12-08 2024-05-24 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） 一种直驱式超导风力发电机

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WO2003012955A1 (fr) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-13 Alstom Ensemble stator
JP2004135499A (ja) * 2002-10-08 2004-04-30 General Electric Co <Ge> 超伝導同期機械の強制空気式ステータ通風システム及びステータ通風方法

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WO2003012955A1 (fr) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-13 Alstom Ensemble stator
JP2004135499A (ja) * 2002-10-08 2004-04-30 General Electric Co <Ge> 超伝導同期機械の強制空気式ステータ通風システム及びステータ通風方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11437808B2 (en) 2019-10-01 2022-09-06 General Electric Company System for controlling phase shifting of superconducting electric machines
CN111211626A (zh) * 2020-01-20 2020-05-29 哈尔滨理工大学 一种周径向脉振助磁配合多路风冷的高速永磁电机
CN111211626B (zh) * 2020-01-20 2020-09-01 哈尔滨理工大学 一种周径向脉振助磁配合多路风冷的高速永磁电机
US20240364188A1 (en) * 2023-04-25 2024-10-31 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Electric motor cooling apparatus

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