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WO2014053748A1 - Device, machine and method for filling a domestic gas cylinder, comprising a leak detector - Google Patents

Device, machine and method for filling a domestic gas cylinder, comprising a leak detector Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014053748A1
WO2014053748A1 PCT/FR2013/052268 FR2013052268W WO2014053748A1 WO 2014053748 A1 WO2014053748 A1 WO 2014053748A1 FR 2013052268 W FR2013052268 W FR 2013052268W WO 2014053748 A1 WO2014053748 A1 WO 2014053748A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filling
gas
bell
leak
millibars
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FR2013/052268
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Stéphane MAHUTEAU
Olivier Becq
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siraga SAS
Original Assignee
Siraga SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siraga SAS filed Critical Siraga SAS
Publication of WO2014053748A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014053748A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/002—Automated filling apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
    • G01M3/28—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
    • G01M3/2876—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/038—Detecting leaked fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/044—Avoiding pollution or contamination

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device, a machine and a method for filling a gas cylinder, in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, comprising a leak detector.
  • a gas cylinder in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, comprising a leak detector.
  • the filling machines in the gas bottle chain in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, it is common to use a carousel equipped with filling scales that can each accommodate one bottle at a time.
  • One of the main components of the rocker is the filling head. This is mounted at the end of a vertical cylinder rod, and is brought into contact with the valve (or the valve) of the bottle to be filled.
  • the object of the invention is to use a more responsive principle than the weight control to perform the leak detection at the connection of the filling head, in order to minimize the latter, or even delete it.
  • This principle is based on measuring the pressure in the bell of the filling head.
  • the subject of the present invention is a device for filling a gas cylinder, in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, comprising:
  • a filling head intended to come and connect sealingly on a gas bottle valve to be filled
  • a leak detector measuring a loss of gas during filling
  • the leak detector is directly associated with said protection bell to measure the leakage therein.
  • the device according to the present invention comprises at least one of the following characteristics:
  • the leak detector comprises an orifice formed in the bell
  • the orifice is disposed on a side wall of the bell so as to be placed substantially with respect to the leaking gas flow;
  • the orifice is connected to a micro-manometer detecting the gas leak
  • the orifice is connected to the micro manometer by means of a flexible hose;
  • the leak detector comprises a tripping threshold less than 100 millibars, preferably less than 50 millibars, and advantageously about 10 millibar;
  • the leak detector is adapted to operate continuously for at least the entire duration of the filling.
  • the invention also relates to a machine for filling a gas cylinder, in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, comprising a filling device as defined above.
  • a gas cylinder in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, comprising a filling device as defined above.
  • the invention furthermore relates to a method for filling a gas cylinder, in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, using a filling device comprising a filling head intended to be sealingly connected to a bottle valve to be filled and a protection and centering bell, said method comprising a leak detection step of gas during filling of the bottle, characterized in that said detection consists in measuring the gas leak directly within the protective bell.
  • a gas cylinder in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane
  • the leak detection is performed by a micro manometer connected by means of a flexible pipe to an orifice formed in a side wall of the protective bell.
  • the micro manometer controls the stopping of the filling when it measures a leak in the protection bell below a threshold of 100 millibars, preferably less than 50 millibars, and advantageously of the order of 10 millibars.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a domestic gas bottle filling machine part according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a detail view in perspective of a filling head
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of the filling head
  • Figure 4 is a second detail view of the head illustrating the detection of a gas leak.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in perspective view, a machine part 1 for filling domestic gas cylinders 2 such as LPG.
  • This machine 1 comprises in particular a filling scale 10 intended to successively receive gas cylinders 2 to be filled with LPG and comprising for this purpose a base 11, positioning / holding means 12 of the bottle placed on the base, such as articulated arms provided with rotating rollers, and a bracket 13 on which is mounted a filling device 20 which can rise and fall vertically for approach / away from the bottle 2 installed on the base 11 and in particular a valve / valve 3.
  • the machine 1 also comprises a carousel (not shown) pivoting about a vertical axis and supporting, at its periphery, a plurality of identical fillers 10 arranged in a circle.
  • Figures 2 to 4 show in more detail the filling device 20.
  • the latter comprises in particular a filling head 21 and a protection / centering bell 30 connected to said head.
  • the head 21 is traversed by a gas circulation duct 22 which terminates in a sheath 23 enclosing a rod movable in translation 24 allowing, in a first advanced / lowered position, to actuate the valve 3 of the bottle 2 and, in a second position retracted / raised, to leave said valve 3 closed.
  • Seals 25 are also provided at the working end 21a of the head 21, these seals 25 being intended to rest on an upper support plane 4 of the valve 3 of the bottle 2 during the step of gas filling.
  • the bell 30 is in turn intended to bear, during the filling step, on a convex upper portion of the gas cylinder 2 to be filled, around the valve 3 (see Figure 3 in particular). It further comprises an orifice 31 formed on a side wall 32, substantially facing the working end 21a of the head 21 and the seals 25, that is to say where the gas is likely to run away (arrow Fg). This orifice 31 is connected to a micro manometer 33 via a flexible hose 34.
  • the micro manometer 33 acts as a leak detector to measure any loss of gas within the bell 30 during filling of the bottle 2
  • the micro manometer 33 is calibrated and has a detection trigger threshold of less than 100 millibars, preferably less than 50. millibars, and preferably about 10 millibars.
  • This configuration associating the detector 33 directly with the protection bell 30 to measure the leakage of gas within the latter is particularly practical, reliable and effective in terms of speed and sensitivity of measurement.
  • the operation of the device according to the present invention is as follows.
  • the gas is well injected (arrow F) directly into the gas cylinder 2 at the desired pressure (typically 20-25 bars), without leakage.
  • the head 21 descends along the stem 13 and the rod 24 presses on the valve 3 to open it while the seals 25 come into contact with the top of the valve 3 (typically a disk).
  • the connection between the head 21 and the inside of the bottle to be filled / during filling is established, and the micro manometer 33 detects no loss of pressure in the bell 30.
  • the sealing head 21 / bottle 2 is not ensured and the gas escapes laterally in the bell 30 and outward (arrow Fg).
  • the flow of gas escaped being typically of the order of 350g / s to 400g / s under a pressure of 20bar to 25bar, it can therefore represent several hundred grams of gas escaping into the wild, or even several kilograms. This amount of LPG in rapid displacement generates a slight rise in pressure within the bell 33.
  • the trigger threshold of the micro manometer is fixed in this case to the Ombar.
  • the position of the LPG stream in the bell 30 may vary.
  • the pressure tap for the micro manometer 33 is therefore placed cleverly to be able to recover the maximum of this flow.
  • the flow of gas Fg in the bell 30 is oriented radially / horizontally, moving from the vertical central axis of the head 21 towards its outsides, and in particular direction of the orifice 31.
  • the pipe 34 connected to the micro-manometer 33 is placed directly opposite this flow Fg in order to detect it as quickly as possible when there is a leak.
  • This measuring means is much faster, safer and more precise than that of the prior art using weight control. It allows, in case of leakage, to react almost instantaneously so to limit the waste of LPG, and thus to limit the disadvantages mentioned at the beginning.
  • the position of the orifice in the bell may vary depending on the type of head and / or bottle / valve.
  • the detection threshold may also vary but must remain low enough so that the detection is as fast and efficient as possible in order to stop the gas supply.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Description

DISPOSITIF, MACHINE ET PROCEDE D'EMPLISSAGE DE BOUTEILLE DE GAZ DOMESTIQUE COMPORTANT UN DETECTEUR DE FUITE  DOMESTIC GAS BOTTLE DEVICE, MACHINE, AND METHOD COMPRISING A LEAK DETECTOR

La présente invention concerne un dispositif, une machine et un procédé d'emplissage de bouteille de gaz, notamment de gaz domestique tel que du GPL, du butane ou du propane, comportant un détecteur de fuite . The present invention relates to a device, a machine and a method for filling a gas cylinder, in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, comprising a leak detector.

Parmi les machines de remplissage à la chaîne de bouteilles de gaz, notamment de gaz domestique tel que le GPL, le butane ou le propane, il est courant d'utiliser un carrousel équipé de bascules d'emplissage pouvant accueillir chacune une bouteille à la fois. L'un des composants principaux de la bascule est la tête d'emplissage. Celle-ci est montée à l'extrémité d'une tige de vérin vertical, et elle est amenée en contact avec la valve (ou le robinet) de la bouteille à remplir.  Among the filling machines in the gas bottle chain, in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, it is common to use a carousel equipped with filling scales that can each accommodate one bottle at a time. . One of the main components of the rocker is the filling head. This is mounted at the end of a vertical cylinder rod, and is brought into contact with the valve (or the valve) of the bottle to be filled.

Etant donné la multitude de robinets et de valves existant à travers le monde, il existe un nombre important de versions de têtes d' emplissage .  Given the multitude of faucets and valves available around the world, there are a large number of versions of filling heads.

Durant le cycle de fonctionnement de la bascule, il arrive que la tête d'emplissage se branche mal sur la valve de la bouteille, notamment en raison d'un état défectueux de ladite valve ou d'un mauvais alignement de la bouteille avec la tête. Cela peut entraîner une fuite et donc une perte de gaz directement dans l'atmosphère.  During the operating cycle of the rocker, it happens that the filling head is poorly connected to the valve of the bottle, in particular because of a defective state of said valve or misalignment of the bottle with the head . This can lead to leakage and thus loss of gas directly to the atmosphere.

Un contrôle en continu du poids de la bouteille permet de détecter cette fuite. Cependant, le temps de contrôle étant de l'ordre de 2 secondes, la perte de gaz en cas de mauvais branchement est estimée à près de 800g. Cette fuite représente à la fois une perte financière pour le pétrolier, mais également une pollution directe dans l'atmosphère, ainsi qu'une multiplication des risques pour les opérateurs travaillant autour des bascules d'emplissage (risque d'atmosphère explosive accru).  Continuous control of the weight of the bottle makes it possible to detect this leak. However, the control time is of the order of 2 seconds, the loss of gas in case of poor connection is estimated at nearly 800g. This leak represents both a financial loss for the oil tanker, but also a direct pollution in the atmosphere, and a multiplication of risks for operators working around filling scales (risk of increased explosive atmosphere).

L'objectif de l'invention est d'utiliser un principe plus réactif que le contrôle du poids pour effectuer la détection de fuite au branchement de la tête d'emplissage, ceci afin de minimiser cette dernière, voire de la supprimer. Ce principe est basé sur la mesure de la pression dans la cloche de la tête d'emplissage. The object of the invention is to use a more responsive principle than the weight control to perform the leak detection at the connection of the filling head, in order to minimize the latter, or even delete it. This principle is based on measuring the pressure in the bell of the filling head.

Ainsi, la présente invention a pour objet un dispositif d'emplissage de bouteille de gaz, notamment de gaz domestique tel que du GPL, du butane ou du propane, comportant :  Thus, the subject of the present invention is a device for filling a gas cylinder, in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, comprising:

une tête d'emplissage destinée à venir se connecter de manière étanche sur une valve de bouteille de gaz à remplir,  a filling head intended to come and connect sealingly on a gas bottle valve to be filled,

- une cloche ouverte de protection et de centrage destinée à entourer ladite valve de manière non étanche au gaz, et  an open protection and centering bell intended to surround said valve in a gastight manner, and

- un détecteur de fuite mesurant une perte de gaz lors du remplissage,  a leak detector measuring a loss of gas during filling,

caractérisé en ce que le détecteur de fuite est directement associé à ladite cloche de protection pour mesurer la fuite au sein de cette dernière.  characterized in that the leak detector is directly associated with said protection bell to measure the leakage therein.

Selon des modes de réalisation préférés, le dispositif conforme à la présente invention comprend l'une au moins des caractéristiques suivantes :  According to preferred embodiments, the device according to the present invention comprises at least one of the following characteristics:

- le détecteur de fuite comporte un orifice ménagée dans la cloche ;  the leak detector comprises an orifice formed in the bell;

- l'orifice est disposé sur une paroi latérale de la cloche de manière à être placé sensiblement au regard du flux de gaz fuyant ;  - The orifice is disposed on a side wall of the bell so as to be placed substantially with respect to the leaking gas flow;

- l'orifice est relié à un micro manomètre détectant la fuite de gaz ;  the orifice is connected to a micro-manometer detecting the gas leak;

- l'orifice est relié au micro manomètre par l'intermédiaire d'un tuyau flexible ;  the orifice is connected to the micro manometer by means of a flexible hose;

- le détecteur de fuite comporte un seuil de déclenchement inférieur à 100 millibars, de préférence inférieur à 50 millibars, et avantageusement d'environ 10 millibars ; et  the leak detector comprises a tripping threshold less than 100 millibars, preferably less than 50 millibars, and advantageously about 10 millibar; and

le détecteur de fuite est adapté pour fonctionner en permanence pendant au moins toute la durée du remplissage.  the leak detector is adapted to operate continuously for at least the entire duration of the filling.

L'invention se rapporte également à une machine d'emplissage de bouteille de gaz, notamment de gaz domestique tel que du GPL, du butane ou du propane, comportant un dispositif d'emplissage tel que défini précédemment.  The invention also relates to a machine for filling a gas cylinder, in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, comprising a filling device as defined above.

L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de remplissage de bouteille de gaz, notamment de gaz domestique tel que du GPL, du butane ou du propane, utilisant un dispositif d'emplissage comprenant une tête d'emplissage destinée à être reliée de manière étanche à une valve de bouteille à remplir et une cloche de protection et de centrage, ledit procédé comportant une étape de détection de fuite de gaz lors du remplissage de la bouteille, caractérisé en ce que ladite détection consiste à mesurer la fuite de gaz directement au sein de la cloche de protection. The invention furthermore relates to a method for filling a gas cylinder, in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, using a filling device comprising a filling head intended to be sealingly connected to a bottle valve to be filled and a protection and centering bell, said method comprising a leak detection step of gas during filling of the bottle, characterized in that said detection consists in measuring the gas leak directly within the protective bell.

Avantageusement, la détection de la fuite est effectuée par un micro manomètre relié à l'aide d'un tuyau flexible à un orifice ménagé dans une paroi latérale de la cloche de protection.  Advantageously, the leak detection is performed by a micro manometer connected by means of a flexible pipe to an orifice formed in a side wall of the protective bell.

De manière préférée, le micro manomètre pilote l'arrêt du remplissage lorsqu'il mesure une fuite dans la cloche de protection inférieure à un seuil de 100 millibars, de préférence inférieur à 50 millibars, et avantageusement de l'ordre de 10 millibars.  Preferably, the micro manometer controls the stopping of the filling when it measures a leak in the protection bell below a threshold of 100 millibars, preferably less than 50 millibars, and advantageously of the order of 10 millibars.

L'invention va maintenant être décrite plus en détail en référence à des modes de réalisation particuliers donnés à titre d'illustration uniquement et représentés sur les figures annexées dans lesquelles :  The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to particular embodiments given by way of illustration only and represented in the appended figures in which:

La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une partie de machine d'emplissage de bouteilles de gaz domestique conforme à la présente invention ;  Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a domestic gas bottle filling machine part according to the present invention;

La figure 2 est une vue de détail en perspective d'une tête d'emplissage ;  Figure 2 is a detail view in perspective of a filling head;

La figure 3 est une vue en coupe de la tête d'emplissage ; et  Figure 3 is a sectional view of the filling head; and

La figure 4 est une seconde vue de détail de la tête illustrant la détection d'une fuite de gaz.  Figure 4 is a second detail view of the head illustrating the detection of a gas leak.

La figure 1 représente, vue en perspective, une partie de machine 1 d'emplissage de bouteilles de gaz domestique 2 tel que du GPL. Cette machine 1 comprend en particulier une bascule d'emplissage 10 destinée à recevoir successivement des bouteilles de gaz 2 à remplir de GPL et comportant à cet effet un socle 11, des moyens de positionnement/maintien 12 de la bouteille posée sur le socle, tels que des bras articulés munis de galets rotatifs, et une potence 13 sur laquelle est montée un dispositif d'emplissage 20 pouvant monter et descendre verticalement pour s'approcher/s'éloigner de la bouteille 2 installée sur le socle 11 et en particulier d'une valve/robinet 3. De manière connue, la machine 1 comprend également un carrousel (non représenté) pivotant autour d'un axe vertical et supportant, au niveau de sa périphérie, plusieurs bascules d' emplissages identiques 10 agencées en cercle. Figure 1 shows, in perspective view, a machine part 1 for filling domestic gas cylinders 2 such as LPG. This machine 1 comprises in particular a filling scale 10 intended to successively receive gas cylinders 2 to be filled with LPG and comprising for this purpose a base 11, positioning / holding means 12 of the bottle placed on the base, such as articulated arms provided with rotating rollers, and a bracket 13 on which is mounted a filling device 20 which can rise and fall vertically for approach / away from the bottle 2 installed on the base 11 and in particular a valve / valve 3. In a known manner, the machine 1 also comprises a carousel (not shown) pivoting about a vertical axis and supporting, at its periphery, a plurality of identical fillers 10 arranged in a circle.

Les figures 2 à 4 montrent plus en détail le dispositif d'emplissage 20. Ce dernier comporte notamment une tête d'emplissage 21 et une cloche de protection/centrage 30 liée à ladite tête.  Figures 2 to 4 show in more detail the filling device 20. The latter comprises in particular a filling head 21 and a protection / centering bell 30 connected to said head.

La tête 21 est traversée par un conduit de circulation de gaz 22 qui se termine par un fourreau 23 renfermant une tige mobile en translation 24 permettant, dans une première position avancée/abaissée, de venir actionner la valve 3 de la bouteille 2 et, dans une seconde position reculée/relevée, de laisser ladite valve 3 fermée. Des joints d'étanchéité 25 sont également prévus à l'extrémité de travail 21a de la tête 21, ces joints 25 étant destinés à reposer sur un plan d'appui supérieur 4 de la valve 3 de la bouteille 2 lors de l'étape de remplissage de gaz.  The head 21 is traversed by a gas circulation duct 22 which terminates in a sheath 23 enclosing a rod movable in translation 24 allowing, in a first advanced / lowered position, to actuate the valve 3 of the bottle 2 and, in a second position retracted / raised, to leave said valve 3 closed. Seals 25 are also provided at the working end 21a of the head 21, these seals 25 being intended to rest on an upper support plane 4 of the valve 3 of the bottle 2 during the step of gas filling.

La cloche 30 est quant à elle destinée à prendre appui, lors de l'étape de remplissage, sur une partie supérieure bombée de la bouteille de gaz 2 à remplir, autour de la valve 3 (voir figure 3 notamment) . Elle comporte en outre un orifice 31 ménagée sur une paroi latérale 32, sensiblement au regard de l'extrémité de travail 21a de la tête 21 et des joints d'étanchéité 25, c'est-à-dire là où le gaz est susceptible de fuir (flèche Fg) . Cet orifice 31 est relié à un micro manomètre 33 par l'intermédiaire d'un tuyau flexible 34. Le micro manomètre 33 fait office de détecteur de fuite pour mesurer toute perte de gaz au sein de la cloche 30 lors du remplissage de la bouteille 2. A cet effet, compte tenue de la pression d'injection du gaz, de l'ordre de 20 à 25 bars, le micro manomètre 33 est calibré et comporte un seuil de déclenchement de détection inférieur à 100 millibars, de préférence inférieur à 50 millibars, et avantageusement d'environ 10 millibars.  The bell 30 is in turn intended to bear, during the filling step, on a convex upper portion of the gas cylinder 2 to be filled, around the valve 3 (see Figure 3 in particular). It further comprises an orifice 31 formed on a side wall 32, substantially facing the working end 21a of the head 21 and the seals 25, that is to say where the gas is likely to run away (arrow Fg). This orifice 31 is connected to a micro manometer 33 via a flexible hose 34. The micro manometer 33 acts as a leak detector to measure any loss of gas within the bell 30 during filling of the bottle 2 For this purpose, depending on the gas injection pressure, of the order of 20 to 25 bar, the micro manometer 33 is calibrated and has a detection trigger threshold of less than 100 millibars, preferably less than 50. millibars, and preferably about 10 millibars.

Cette configuration associant le détecteur 33 directement à la cloche de protection 30 pour mesurer la fuite de gaz au sein de cette dernière est particulièrement pratique, fiable et efficace en termes de rapidité et de sensibilité de mesure. Le fonctionnement du dispositif conformément à la présente invention est le suivant. This configuration associating the detector 33 directly with the protection bell 30 to measure the leakage of gas within the latter is particularly practical, reliable and effective in terms of speed and sensitivity of measurement. The operation of the device according to the present invention is as follows.

Lors du fonctionnement normal de la tête d'emplissage, le gaz est bien injecté (flèche F) directement dans la bouteille de gaz 2 à la pression voulue (typiquement 20-25 bars), sans fuite. La tête 21 descend le long de la potence 13 et la tige 24 vient appuyer sur la valve 3 pour l'ouvrir tandis que les joints d'étanchéité 25 entrent en contact avec le dessus de la valve 3 (typiquement un disque) . La connexion entre la tête 21 et l'intérieur de la bouteille à remplir/en cours de remplissage est établi, et le micro manomètre 33 ne détecte aucune perte de pression dans la cloche 30.  During normal operation of the filling head, the gas is well injected (arrow F) directly into the gas cylinder 2 at the desired pressure (typically 20-25 bars), without leakage. The head 21 descends along the stem 13 and the rod 24 presses on the valve 3 to open it while the seals 25 come into contact with the top of the valve 3 (typically a disk). The connection between the head 21 and the inside of the bottle to be filled / during filling is established, and the micro manometer 33 detects no loss of pressure in the bell 30.

Lors d'un mauvais branchement de la tête 21 sur la valve 3 (ou le robinet) de la bouteille de gaz 2 à remplir, l'étanchéité tête 21/bouteille 2 n'est pas assurée et le gaz s'échappe latéralement dans la cloche 30 et vers l'extérieur (flèche Fg) . Le débit de gaz échappé étant typiquement de l'ordre de 350g/s à 400g/s sous une pression de 20bars à 25bars, cela peut donc représenter plusieurs centaines de grammes de gaz s 'échappant dans la nature, voire plusieurs kilos. Cette quantité de GPL en déplacement rapide génère une légère montée en pression au sein même de la cloche 33. Le seuil de déclenchement du micro manomètre est fixé dans le cas présent à lOmbar .  When the head 21 is not properly connected to the valve 3 (or the tap) of the gas cylinder 2 to be filled, the sealing head 21 / bottle 2 is not ensured and the gas escapes laterally in the bell 30 and outward (arrow Fg). The flow of gas escaped being typically of the order of 350g / s to 400g / s under a pressure of 20bar to 25bar, it can therefore represent several hundred grams of gas escaping into the wild, or even several kilograms. This amount of LPG in rapid displacement generates a slight rise in pressure within the bell 33. The trigger threshold of the micro manometer is fixed in this case to the Ombar.

Selon le type de tête, la position du flux de GPL dans la cloche 30 peut varier. La prise de pression pour le micro manomètre 33 est donc placée astucieusement pour pouvoir récupérer le maximum de ce flux. Sur l'exemple pris sur les illustrations (tête brésilienne) , le flux de gaz Fg dans la cloche 30 est orienté de manière radiale/horizontale, se déplaçant de l'axe central vertical de la tête 21 vers ses extérieurs, et en particulier en direction de l'orifice 31.  Depending on the type of head, the position of the LPG stream in the bell 30 may vary. The pressure tap for the micro manometer 33 is therefore placed cleverly to be able to recover the maximum of this flow. In the example taken from the illustrations (Brazilian head), the flow of gas Fg in the bell 30 is oriented radially / horizontally, moving from the vertical central axis of the head 21 towards its outsides, and in particular direction of the orifice 31.

Ainsi, afin d'optimiser la mesure, le tuyau 34 reliée au micro manomètre 33 est placée directement face à ce flux Fg afin de le détecter le plus rapidement lorsqu'il y aura une fuite.  Thus, in order to optimize the measurement, the pipe 34 connected to the micro-manometer 33 is placed directly opposite this flow Fg in order to detect it as quickly as possible when there is a leak.

Ce moyen de mesure est beaucoup plus rapide, sûr et précis que celui de l'art antérieur utilisant de contrôle par le poids. Il permet, en cas de fuite, de réagir de façon quasi instantanée afin de limiter le gaspillage de GPL, et ainsi de limiter les inconvénients cités au début. This measuring means is much faster, safer and more precise than that of the prior art using weight control. It allows, in case of leakage, to react almost instantaneously so to limit the waste of LPG, and thus to limit the disadvantages mentioned at the beginning.

Il va de soi que la description détaillée de l'objet de l'invention, donnée uniquement à titre d'illustration, ne constitue en aucune manière une limitation, les équivalents techniques étant également compris dans le champ de la présente invention.  It goes without saying that the detailed description of the object of the invention, given solely by way of illustration, does not in any way constitute a limitation, the technical equivalents also being included in the scope of the present invention.

Ainsi, la position de l'orifice ménagé dans la cloche peut varier selon le type de tête et/ou de bouteille/valve.  Thus, the position of the orifice in the bell may vary depending on the type of head and / or bottle / valve.

Le seuil de détection peut également varier mais doit rester suffisamment faible pour que la détection soit la plus rapide et efficace possible afin de stopper l'alimentation en gaz.  The detection threshold may also vary but must remain low enough so that the detection is as fast and efficient as possible in order to stop the gas supply.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Dispositif (20) d'emplissage de bouteille de gaz, notamment de gaz domestique tel que du GPL, du butane ou du propane, comportant : 1. Device (20) for filling a gas cylinder, in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, comprising: - une tête d'emplissage (21) destinée à venir se connecter de manière étanche sur une valve (3) de bouteille de gaz (2) à remplir, - a filling head (21) intended to come and connect tightly on a valve (3) of gas cylinder (2) to be filled, - une cloche ouverte de protection et de centrage (30) destinée à entourer ladite valve (3) de manière non étanche au gaz, et an open protection and centering bell (30) intended to surround said valve (3) in a non-gastight manner, and - un détecteur de fuite (31, 33, 34) mesurant une perte de gaz lors du remplissage,  a leak detector (31, 33, 34) measuring a loss of gas during filling, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur de fuite (31, 32, 34) est directement associé à ladite cloche de protection (30) pour mesurer la fuite au sein de cette dernière.  characterized in that the leak detector (31, 32, 34) is directly associated with said protective bell (30) for measuring the leakage therein. 2. Dispositif d'emplissage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur de fuite comporte un orifice (31) ménagée dans la cloche (30) .  2. filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the leak detector comprises an orifice (31) formed in the bell (30). 3. Dispositif d'emplissage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'orifice (31) est disposé sur une paroi latérale (32) de la cloche (30) de manière à être placé sensiblement au regard du flux de gaz fuyant (Fg) .  3. filling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the orifice (31) is disposed on a side wall (32) of the bell (30) so as to be placed substantially with respect to the stream of gas leaking ( Fg). 4. Dispositif d'emplissage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'orifice (31) est relié à un micro manomètre (33) détectant la fuite de gaz.  4. Filling device according to claim 3, characterized in that the orifice (31) is connected to a micro manometer (33) detecting the gas leak. 5. Dispositif d'emplissage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'orifice (31) est relié au micro manomètre (33) par l'intermédiaire d'un tuyau flexible (34) .  5. Filling device according to claim 4, characterized in that the orifice (31) is connected to the micro manometer (33) via a flexible pipe (34). 6. Dispositif d'emplissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur de fuite (31, 33, 34) comporte un seuil de déclenchement inférieur à 100 millibars, de préférence inférieur à 50 millibars, et avantageusement d'environ 10 millibars.  6. filling device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leak detector (31, 33, 34) comprises a triggering threshold less than 100 millibars, preferably less than 50 millibars, and advantageously d about 10 millibars. 7. Dispositif d'emplissage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le détecteur de fuite (31, 33, 34) est adapté pour fonctionner en permanence pendant au moins toute la durée du remplissage. 7. Filling device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leak detector (31, 33, 34) is adapted to operate continuously for at least the entire duration of the filling. 8. Machine d'emplissage (1) de bouteille de gaz (2), notamment de gaz domestique tel que du GPL, du butane ou du propane, comportant un dispositif d'emplissage (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes. 8. Filling machine (1) of gas cylinder (2), including domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, comprising a filling device (20) according to any one of the preceding claims. 9. Procédé de remplissage de bouteille de gaz, notamment de gaz domestique tel que du GPL, du butane ou du propane, utilisant un dispositif d'emplissage (20) comprenant une tête d'emplissage (21) destinée à être reliée de manière étanche à une valve (3) de bouteille (2) à remplir et une cloche de protection et de centrage (30) , ledit procédé comportant une étape de détection de fuite de gaz (Fg) lors du remplissage de la bouteille, caractérisé en ce que ladite détection consiste à mesurer la fuite de gaz (Fg) directement au sein de la cloche de protection (30) .  9. A method of filling a gas cylinder, in particular domestic gas such as LPG, butane or propane, using a filling device (20) comprising a filling head (21) intended to be connected in a sealed manner a bottle valve (3) to be filled and a protection and centering cup (30), said method comprising a gas leakage detection step (Fg) during filling of the bottle, characterized in that said detection is to measure the gas leak (Fg) directly within the protective bell (30). 10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la détection de la fuite est effectuée par un micro manomètre (33) relié à l'aide d'un tuyau flexible (34) à un orifice (31) ménagé dans une paroi latérale (32) de la cloche de protection (30) .  10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the detection of the leak is performed by a micro manometer (33) connected by means of a flexible hose (34) to an orifice (31) formed in a side wall (32) of the protection bell (30). 11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le micro manomètre (33) pilote l'arrêt du remplissage lorsqu'il mesure une fuite dans la cloche de protection (30) inférieure à un seuil de 100 millibars, de préférence inférieur à 50 millibars, et avantageusement de l'ordre de 10 millibars.  11. The method of claim 10, characterized in that the micro manometer (33) controls the stop filling when measuring a leak in the protective bell (30) below a threshold of 100 millibars, preferably less than 50 millibars, and advantageously of the order of 10 millibars.
PCT/FR2013/052268 2012-10-04 2013-09-26 Device, machine and method for filling a domestic gas cylinder, comprising a leak detector Ceased WO2014053748A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1259426 2012-10-04
FR1259426A FR2996626B1 (en) 2012-10-04 2012-10-04 DOMESTIC GAS BOTTLE DEVICE, MACHINE, AND METHOD COMPRISING A LEAK DETECTOR

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FR2996626A1 (en) 2014-04-11
FR2996626B1 (en) 2014-11-28

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