WO2014050657A1 - 積層体、導電性パターン及び電気回路 - Google Patents
積層体、導電性パターン及び電気回路 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014050657A1 WO2014050657A1 PCT/JP2013/075128 JP2013075128W WO2014050657A1 WO 2014050657 A1 WO2014050657 A1 WO 2014050657A1 JP 2013075128 W JP2013075128 W JP 2013075128W WO 2014050657 A1 WO2014050657 A1 WO 2014050657A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- layer
- support
- conductive
- iii
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/281—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/02—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding
- H05K3/022—Processes for manufacturing precursors of printed circuits, i.e. copper-clad substrates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
- H05K1/0353—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement
- H05K1/036—Multilayers with layers of different types
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/01—Dielectrics
- H05K2201/0137—Materials
- H05K2201/0154—Polyimide
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/07—Treatments involving liquids, e.g. plating, rinsing
- H05K2203/0703—Plating
- H05K2203/0723—Electroplating, e.g. finish plating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminate such as a conductive pattern that can be used for manufacturing an electromagnetic wave shield, an integrated circuit, an organic transistor, or the like.
- a conductive material layer is formed by applying and baking a conductive ink containing a conductive material such as silver or a plating nucleating agent on the surface of a support. Then, a conductive pattern in which a plating layer is provided on the surface of the conductive material layer by plating the surface of the conductive material layer is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the conductive pattern has insufficient adhesion between the support and the conductive material layer, the conductive material is lost from the surface of the support over time and is formed by the conductive material. In some cases, the conductive pattern is disconnected or the conductivity is lowered (resistance value is increased).
- a pattern is drawn by a predetermined method using a conductive ink on an ink receiving substrate provided with a latex layer on the support surface.
- a method for producing a conductive pattern is known (see Patent Document 2).
- the conductive pattern obtained by the above method may still not be sufficient in terms of adhesion between the support and the ink receiving layer, the ink receiving from the surface of the support over time. In some cases, the layer and the conductive material are lost, causing disconnection of the conductive pattern formed by the conductive material or a decrease in conductivity.
- the peeling of the ink receiving layer from the surface of the support is not sufficient in terms of heat resistance, for example, when it is heated to about 100 ° C. to 200 ° C. in the plating process or the like. In some cases, the pattern cannot be plated for the purpose of improving its strength.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is excellent in adhesion between the layer made of the support and the resin layer receiving the conductive material, and even when exposed to a high temperature environment, the excellent It is an object of the present invention to provide a laminate such as a conductive pattern having a level of heat resistance capable of maintaining adhesion.
- the inventors of the present invention have studied to examine the above problems, and as a result, have found that the above problems can be solved by using a specific support.
- the present invention provides a support comprising a polyimide resin (i-1) having a structure represented by the following general formula (1) and a polyimide resin (i-2) having a structure represented by the following general formula (2).
- a laminate comprising: a resin layer (II) that receives a fluid containing the conductive substance (x); and a conductive layer (III) formed by the conductive substance (x),
- the present invention relates to a conductive pattern and an electric circuit.
- R 1 to R 8 in the general formula (1) each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an organic group.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 1,000.
- R 9 to R 22 in the general formula (2) each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an organic group.
- m represents an integer of 1 to 1,000.
- the laminate of the present invention can maintain excellent adhesion even when exposed to a high temperature environment, and as a result, can maintain excellent conductivity without causing disconnection or the like.
- the laminate of the present invention comprises a support containing a polyimide resin (i-1) having a structure represented by the following general formula (1) and a polyimide resin (i-2) having a structure represented by the following general formula (2) Or a layer (I2) comprising a support (I2) containing a polyimide resin (i-3) having a structure represented by the following general formula (1) and a structure represented by the following general formula (2): ), A resin layer (II) for receiving a fluid containing the conductive substance (x), and a conductive layer (III) formed by the conductive substance (x), For example, it can be suitably used for conductive patterns, electrical circuits, and the like.
- R 1 to R 8 in the general formula (1) each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an organic group.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 1,000.
- R 9 to R 22 in the general formula (2) each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an organic group.
- m represents an integer of 1 to 1,000.
- the layer (I) constituting the laminate of the present invention is a layer constituted by the support (I1) or the support (I2) that supports the laminate.
- the support includes a polyimide resin (i-1) having a structure represented by the following general formula (1) and a polyimide resin (i-2) having a structure represented by the following general formula (2) (I1) or a support (I2) containing a polyimide resin (i-3) having a structure represented by the following general formula (1) and a structure represented by the following general formula (2) is used.
- R 1 to R 8 in the general formula (1) each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an organic group.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 1,000.
- the support (I1) contains the polyimide resin (i-1) and the polyimide resin (i-2).
- the polyimide resin (i-1) has a structure represented by the general formula (1).
- R 1 to R 8 in the general formula (1) are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom or an organic group.
- the organic group include an alkyl group and an aryl group.
- R 1 to R 8 are preferably hydrogen atoms because they impart excellent adhesion and heat resistance and can be obtained relatively inexpensively.
- M in the general formula (1) is preferably an integer of 1 to 1,000, more preferably an integer of 3 to 50,0, still more preferably an integer of 50 to 500, An integer of 100 to 500 is particularly preferable.
- the polyimide resin (i-1) preferably has an amino group at the molecular end.
- the polyimide resin (i-1) is prepared by reacting a polyamic acid by reacting, for example, a polyamine containing 4,4′-oxydianiline and the like with a tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate containing pyromellitic anhydride. It can manufacture by mixing with a catalyst etc. as needed, and heating etc. then.
- the reaction between the polyamine and the tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate can be performed by a conventionally known method.
- a polyamine other than 4,4′-oxydianiline or a tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate other than pyromellitic anhydride may be used in combination. It is preferable to use 4,4′-oxydianiline and pyromellitic anhydride in a total amount of 95% by mass to 100% by mass with respect to the total amount of raw materials used for the production of the polyimide resin (i-1).
- the heating can be performed preferably at 150 ° C. or higher, more preferably at 200 ° C. to 300 ° C.
- the polyimide resin (i-2) constituting the support (I1) has a structure represented by the general formula (2).
- R 9 to R 22 in the general formula (2) are each independently a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, or an organic group.
- the organic group include an alkyl group and an aryl group.
- R 9 to R 22 are preferably hydrogen atoms for imparting excellent adhesion.
- N in the general formula (2) is preferably an integer of 1 to 1,000, more preferably an integer of 3 to 500, still more preferably an integer of 50 to 500, and more preferably 100 to Particularly preferred is an integer of 500.
- the polyimide resin (i-2) preferably has an amino group at the molecular end.
- the polyimide resin (i-2) includes, for example, a polyamine containing 4,4′-oxydianiline and a tetracarboxylic acid containing biphenyl 3,4,3 ′, 4′-tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate.
- a polyamic acid can be produced by reacting with an acid dihydrate, then mixed with a catalyst or the like, if necessary, and heated.
- the reaction between the polyamine and the tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate can be performed by a conventionally known method.
- a polyamine other than 4,4′-oxydianiline or a tetracarboxylic acid other than biphenyl 3,4,3 ′, 4′-tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate is used.
- acid dihydrate may be used in combination, 4,4′-oxydianiline and biphenyl 3,4,3 ′, relative to the total amount of raw materials used in the production of the polyimide resin (i-2) It is preferable to use 4′-tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate in a total range of 95% by mass to 100% by mass.
- the heating can be performed preferably at 150 ° C. or higher, more preferably at 200 ° C. to 300 ° C.
- the polyimide resin (i-1) and the polyimide resin (i-2) are [the polyimide resin (i-1) / the polyimide resin ( i-2)] is preferably used at a ratio of 5 to 95.
- a support body (I2) which comprises the layer (I) of the laminated body of this invention
- the polyimide resin which combines the structure shown by the following general formula (1), and the structure shown by the following general formula (2) ( Supports containing i-3) can be used.
- the polyimide resin (i-3) contains 4,4′-oxydianiline and the like exemplified as those usable for the production of the polyimide resin (i-1) and the polyimide resin (i-2).
- a polyamic acid by reacting a polyamine to be reacted with a tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate containing pyromellitic anhydride or biphenyl 3,4,3 ′, 4′-tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate, If necessary, it can be produced by mixing with a catalyst or the like and heating.
- the reaction between the polyamine and the tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate can be performed by a conventionally known method.
- polyamines other than 4,4′-oxydianiline, pyromellitic anhydride and biphenyl 3,4,3 ′, 4′-tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate are used.
- Tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate other than the above may be used in combination, but pyromellitic anhydride and biphenyl 3,4,3 ′ are used with respect to the total amount of raw materials used in the production of the polyimide resin (i-3).
- 4′-tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate is preferably used in the range of 95% by mass to 100% by mass.
- the heating can be performed preferably at 150 ° C. or higher, more preferably at 200 ° C. to 300 ° C.
- the support (I1) and the support (I2) in addition to the polyimide resin (i-1), the polyimide resin (i-2), and the polyimide resin (i-2), Those containing various additives can be used.
- an inorganic filler such as silica or calcium phosphate improves the ease of transporting the support (I1) and the support (I2) made of a polyimide film, It is preferable for preventing blocking of the support (I1) and the support (I2).
- the inorganic filler is used in the range of 0.5% by mass to 30% by mass with respect to the mass of the support (I1) or the support (I2) in order to improve the smoothness of the surface of the support. It is preferable to use it.
- the average particle size of the inorganic filler is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.01 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m. In addition, the said average particle diameter points out the value measured with the laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution analyzer apparatus.
- the support (I1) for example, a polyamic acid that is a precursor of the polyimide resin (i-1), a polyamic acid that is a precursor of the polyimide resin (i-2), and a necessary If necessary, the solution obtained by mixing the solvent and the mixture obtained by mixing additives such as the inorganic filler, if necessary, are filtered or degassed as necessary, and then the film or sheet The method of shape
- the method for producing the support (I2) a solution obtained by mixing a polyamic acid that is a precursor of the polyimide resin (i-3) and a solvent as necessary, and if necessary,
- a solution obtained by mixing additives such as the inorganic filler is filtered or defoamed as necessary, and then formed into a film or a sheet and heated.
- Examples of the molding method include a method in which the mixture is extruded onto a drum using a T die or the like and cast.
- the film or sheet-like molded product can be obtained by removing the solvent by heating at a temperature of 80 ° C. to 150 ° C. for about 30 seconds to 90 seconds.
- the support containing the polyimide resin can be manufactured by heating the molded article at a temperature of 200 ° C. to 450 ° C. for about 30 seconds to 200 seconds, for example.
- the layer (I) comprising the support (I1) or the support (I2) obtained by the above method preferably has a thickness of about 1 ⁇ m to 5,000 ⁇ m, and has a thickness of about 1 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m. More preferably.
- the laminate is required to be relatively flexible, it is preferable to use a laminate having a thickness of about 1 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the resin layer (II) is a layer capable of receiving a fluid containing a conductive substance (x) that forms a conductive layer (III) described later.
- the resin layer (II) quickly absorbs the solvent contained in the fluid when the fluid contacts, and supports the conductive substance (x) on the surface of the resin layer (II).
- the adhesiveness and heat resistance between the layer (I) composed of the support (I1) or the support (I2), the resin layer (II), and the conductive layer (III) composed of the conductive substance (x). can greatly improve
- the resin layer (II) may be provided on a part or all of the surface of the layer (I) composed of the support (I1) or the support (I2), or may be provided on one side or both sides thereof.
- the laminate includes a resin layer (II) on the entire surface of the layer (I) composed of the support (I1) or the support (I2), and is necessary among the resin layers (II). What has the said conductive layer (III) can also be used only for a part.
- the laminated body in which the resin layer (II) is provided only on the portion where the conductive layer (III) is provided on the surface of the layer (I) comprising the support (I1) or the support (I2). Can also be used.
- the resin layer (II) varies depending on the use of the laminate of the present invention, but it is usually preferable to have a thickness in the range of 10 nm to 1000 ⁇ m. Moreover, since the adhesiveness between the layer (I) comprising the support (I1) or the support (I2) and the conductive layer (III) can be further improved, the thickness of the resin layer (II) is 10 nm. The range of ⁇ 300 nm is more preferable, and the range of 10 nm to 100 nm is more preferable.
- the resin layer (II) includes a composite resin (II-1) composed of urethane resin and acrylic resin, melamine resin (II-2), urethane resin, vinyl resin, epoxy resin, imide resin, amide resin, phenol A resin layer formed using a resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, or the like can be used.
- a layer formed by using a composite resin (II-1) composed of a urethane resin and an acrylic resin or a melamine resin (II-2) is a laminate having excellent adhesion and heat resistance. It is preferable when manufacturing a body.
- the conductive layer (III) is a layer composed of a conductive substance (x) contained in a fluid such as conductive ink or plating nucleating agent.
- the conductive layer (III) corresponds to a layer composed of the silver contained in the plating nucleating agent, for example, when a plating nucleating agent containing silver is used as the fluid. It corresponds to a printed image or pattern that is configured.
- the conductive layer (III) is preferably composed of the conductive substance (x), and specifically is preferably composed of silver.
- the conductive layer (III) is mainly composed of the conductive material as described above, but a solvent, an additive, or the like contained in the fluid may remain in the conductive layer (III). .
- the conductive layer (III) may be provided on a part or all of the surface of the resin layer (II).
- the conductive layer (III) may be provided only on a necessary portion of the surface of the resin layer (II).
- the conductive layer (III) provided only in a necessary portion of the surface of the resin layer (II) includes a linear layer formed by drawing a line.
- a laminate having a linear layer as the conductive layer (III) is suitable for producing a conductive pattern, an electric circuit, or the like.
- the width of the linear layer is preferably about 0.01 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, preferably about 0.01 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, in order to increase the density of the conductive pattern.
- the conductive layer (III) constituting the laminate of the present invention may be one having a thickness in the range of 10 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the conductive layer (III) can be adjusted by controlling the coating amount of the fluid containing the conductive substance (x) that can be used to form the conductive layer (III).
- the thickness (height) is preferably in the range of 10 nm to 1 ⁇ m.
- the surface of the conductive layer (III) has a part or all of the surface of the conductive layer (III) in order to improve adhesion with the plating layer (IV) that can be provided as necessary. It is preferably oxidized.
- the oxidation means that the conductive material (x) contained in the conductive layer (III) combines with oxygen to form an oxide, and the valence of the conductive material (x) increases. Including cases.
- the oxidized surface of the conductive layer (III) for example, when silver is used as the conductive substance (x) included in the conductive layer (III), the surface containing silver oxide,
- the silver can be used as a surface made of a substance in which the silver is bonded to a hydroxyl group or the like and the valence of the silver is increased from 0 to +1.
- the conductive layer (III) only needs to be oxidized on the surface in contact with the plating layer (IV). However, together with the surface, all of the conductive material contained in the conductive layer (III) is oxidized. May be.
- the oxidized surface of the conductive layer (III) preferably has a resistance value in a range of 0.1 ⁇ / ⁇ to 50 ⁇ / ⁇ , and a range of 0.2 ⁇ / ⁇ to 30 ⁇ / ⁇ . It is preferable when providing the outstanding adhesiveness with the said plating layer (IV).
- the laminate of the present invention may have a plating layer (IV) as necessary in addition to the layer (I), the resin layer (II), and the conductive layer (III).
- the plating layer (IV) forms a highly reliable wiring pattern capable of maintaining good electrical conductivity without causing disconnection or the like over a long period of time when the laminate is used for a conductive pattern, for example. It is a layer provided for the purpose of doing.
- the plating layer (IV) is preferably a layer made of a metal such as copper, nickel, chromium, cobalt, or tin, and more preferably a plating layer made of copper.
- the plating layer (IV) having a thickness in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m can be used.
- the thickness of the plating layer (IV) can be adjusted by controlling the processing time and current density in the plating process when forming the plating layer (IV), the amount of the additive for plating, and the like. .
- the resin composition (R) is applied to part or all of the surface of the support (I1) or the support (I2) constituting the layer (I) and dried.
- the resin layer (II) is formed by applying a fluid containing the conductive substance (x) to a part or all of the surface of the resin layer (II), followed by baking, and then the conductive layer (III). Can be manufactured.
- a laminate including the plating layer (IV) can be manufactured by plating a part or all of the surface of the conductive layer (III).
- the resin composition (R) may be used as the support (I1) or the support. It can apply
- Examples of a method for applying the resin composition (R) to the surface of the support (I1) or the support (I2) include a gravure method, a coating method, a screen method, a roller method, a rotary method, and a spray method. A method is mentioned.
- the surface of the support (I1) or the support (I2) to which the resin composition (R) is applied is optionally subjected to a plasma discharge treatment method such as a corona discharge treatment method or a dry treatment method such as an ultraviolet treatment method.
- a plasma discharge treatment method such as a corona discharge treatment method or a dry treatment method such as an ultraviolet treatment method.
- the surface treatment may be performed by a wet treatment method using water, an acidic or alkaline chemical solution, an organic solvent, or the like.
- drying is performed using a dryer.
- a method of volatilizing the solvent is general. What is necessary is just to set as drying temperature as the temperature of the range which can volatilize the said solvent and does not have a bad influence on the said support body (I1) or a support body (I2).
- the coating amount of the resin composition (R) on the support (I1) or the support (I2) is the support (I1) or support (I) from the viewpoint of imparting excellent adhesion and conductivity. is preferably in the range of 0.01g / m 2 ⁇ 60g / m 2 of the area of the I2), wherein when considering the absorbent and manufacturing cost of the solvent contained in the fluid 0.1 g / m 2 ⁇ 10 g / m 2 is particularly preferred.
- resin composition (R) that can be used for the production of the resin layer (II) those containing various resins and solvents can be used.
- the resin examples include composite resin (II-1), melamine resin (II-2) composed of urethane resin and acrylic resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, imide resin, amide resin, phenol resin, Polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, etc. can be used.
- a composite resin (II-1) composed of a urethane resin and an acrylic resin or a melamine resin (II-2) can be used, and the support (I1) or the support (I2) can be used. This is preferable for further improving the adhesion between the layer (I) comprising the above and the conductive layer (III).
- the resin composition (R) it is preferable to use a resin composition containing 10% by mass to 70% by mass of the resin with respect to the entire resin composition (R) in order to maintain ease of application and the like. It is preferable to use those containing 10% by mass to 50% by mass.
- various organic solvents and aqueous media can be used as a solvent that can be used for the resin composition (R).
- organic solvent for example, toluene, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, or the like can be used.
- aqueous medium include water, organic solvents miscible with water, and mixtures thereof.
- organic solvent miscible with water examples include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n- and isopropanol, ethyl carbitol, ethyl cellosolve and butyl cellosolve; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol and the like
- alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n- and isopropanol, ethyl carbitol, ethyl cellosolve and butyl cellosolve
- ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone
- ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol and the like examples include polyalkylene glycols; alkyl ethers of polyalkylene glycols; and lactams such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- the resin which has a hydrophilic group is used from a viewpoint of improving the adhesiveness to various said support body (I1) or support body (I2) further. It is preferable.
- the hydrophilic group include an anionic group such as a carboxylate group and a sulfonate group formed by neutralizing a part or all of them with a basic compound or the like, a cationic group, and a nonionic group. It is preferably a group.
- the resin may have a crosslinkable functional group such as an alkoxysilyl group, a silanol group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a methylol group, a methylolamide group, an alkoxymethylamide group, or a methylolamino group as necessary. . Therefore, the resin layer (II) may already have a crosslinked structure before the fluid is applied, and after the fluid is applied, for example, by heating in a baking step or the like. A crosslinked structure may be formed.
- a crosslinkable functional group such as an alkoxysilyl group, a silanol group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a methylol group, a methylolamide group, an alkoxymethylamide group, or a methylolamino group as necessary. . Therefore, the resin layer (II) may already have a crosslinked structure before the fluid is applied, and after the fluid is applied, for example, by heating in a baking step or the
- Examples of the composite resin (II-1) that can be used in the resin composition (R) include those in which urethane resin and acrylic resin form composite resin particles and can be dispersed in an aqueous medium.
- the composite resin particles include those in which a part or all of the acrylic resin is contained in the resin particles formed by the urethane resin.
- the acrylic resin may be dispersed in a plurality of particles in the urethane resin particles, and the acrylic resin as a core layer and the urethane resin having the hydrophilic group as a shell layer; It is preferable to form core-shell type composite resin particles composed of In particular, when forming a conductive pattern, it is preferable to use the core-shell type composite resin particles that do not require the use of a surfactant or the like that can lower the electrical characteristics.
- the acrylic resin is almost completely covered with the urethane resin, but it is not essential, and a part of the acrylic resin is within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention. You may exist in the outermost part of the said composite resin particle.
- the urethane resin and the acrylic resin may form a covalent bond, but preferably does not form a bond.
- the composite resin particles preferably have an average particle diameter in the range of 5 nm to 100 nm from the viewpoint of maintaining good water dispersion stability.
- the average particle diameter here refers to an average particle diameter on a volume basis measured by a dynamic light scattering method, as will be described later in Examples.
- urethane resin that can be used in the production of the composite resin (II-1), those obtained by reacting various polyols, polyisocyanates, and a chain extender as necessary can be used.
- polyether polyol for example, polyether polyol, polyester polyol, polyester ether polyol, polycarbonate polyol and the like can be used.
- polyester polyol examples include a ring-opening polymerization reaction of a cyclic ester compound such as an aliphatic polyester polyol, an aromatic polyester polyol, or ⁇ -caprolactone obtained by esterifying a low molecular weight polyol and a polycarboxylic acid. Polyester obtained, these copolyesters, etc. can be used.
- a cyclic ester compound such as an aliphatic polyester polyol, an aromatic polyester polyol, or ⁇ -caprolactone obtained by esterifying a low molecular weight polyol and a polycarboxylic acid. Polyester obtained, these copolyesters, etc. can be used.
- low molecular weight polyol for example, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol and the like can be used.
- polycarboxylic acid examples include aliphatic polycarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanedicarboxylic acid, aromatic polycarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and phthalic acid, and the like.
- An anhydride or ester-forming derivative of can be used.
- polyether polyol for example, one obtained by addition polymerization of alkylene oxide using one or more compounds having two or more active hydrogen atoms as an initiator can be used.
- the initiator examples include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, glycerin.
- Trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol B, bisphenol AD, and the like can be used.
- alkylene oxide for example, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, styrene oxide, epichlorohydrin, tetrahydrofuran and the like can be used.
- polyester ether polyol for example, a reaction product of a polyether polyol obtained by adding the alkylene oxide to the initiator and a polycarboxylic acid can be used.
- the initiator and the alkylene oxide the same ones exemplified as those usable when the polyether polyol is produced can be used.
- said polycarboxylic acid the thing similar to what was illustrated as what can be used when manufacturing the said polyester polyol can be used.
- polycarbonate polyol for example, those obtained by reacting a carbonic acid ester with a polyol, or those obtained by reacting phosgene with bisphenol A or the like can be used.
- carbonate ester methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, cyclocarbonate, diphenyl carbonate, or the like can be used.
- polyol that can react with the carbonate ester examples include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3 -Butanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7- Heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,11-undecanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2 -Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 2-methyl
- polyol examples include 2,2′-dimethylolpropionic acid, 2,2′-dimethylolbutanoic acid, 2,2′-dimethylolbutyric acid, 5 from the viewpoint of introducing a hydrophilic group into the urethane resin.
- -Sulfoisophthalic acid, sulfoterephthalic acid, 4-sulfophthalic acid, 5 [4-sulfophenoxy] isophthalic acid and the like can be used.
- polyisocyanates examples include aromatic structure-containing polyisocyanates such as 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and tolylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, cyclohexane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate.
- Aliphatic polyisocyanates such as xylylene diisocyanate and tetramethyl xylylene diisocyanate, and aliphatic cyclic structure-containing polyisocyanates can be used. Among them, it is preferable to use an aliphatic cyclic structure-containing polyisocyanate.
- chain extender conventionally known ones such as ethylenediamine, piperazine, isophoronediamine can be used.
- the acrylic resin that can be used for the production of the composite resin (II-1) should be one obtained by polymerizing various (meth) acrylic monomers including methyl (meth) acrylate. Can do.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic monomer include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, i-butyl (meth) acrylate, and (meth) acrylic.
- (Meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters such as t-butyl acid, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, and cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate can be used.
- methyl methacrylate causes blurring of a thin line having a width of about 0.01 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, preferably about 0.01 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, which is required when forming a conductive pattern such as an electronic circuit. It is preferable to use it for printing without any problems (improving fine line properties).
- the crosslinkable functional group such as one or more amide groups selected from the group consisting of a methylolamide group and an alkoxymethylamide group is introduced into the acrylic resin, and more A cross-linkable functional group-containing (meth) acrylic monomer can be used to further improve the adhesion and the like.
- Nn-butoxymethyl (meth) acrylamide or N-isobutoxymethyl (meth) acrylamide as the crosslinkable functional group-containing (meth) acrylic monomer makes it possible to conduct electricity with excellent thinness and adhesion. It is preferable when obtaining laminated bodies, such as a property pattern.
- the composite resin (II-1) is, for example, a step of producing an aqueous dispersion of a urethane resin by reacting the aforementioned polyol, polyisocyanate and, if necessary, a chain extender and dispersing in water, and It can be manufactured by polymerizing the (meth) acrylic monomer in the aqueous dispersion to produce an acrylic resin.
- a urethane resin is obtained by reacting the polyisocyanate with a polyol in the absence of a solvent or an organic solvent or in the presence of a reactive diluent such as a (meth) acryl monomer, If necessary, neutralize part or all of the hydrophilic group of the urethane resin with a basic compound, and if necessary, further react with a chain extender and disperse it in an aqueous medium. Thus, an aqueous dispersion of urethane resin is produced.
- a reactive diluent such as a (meth) acryl monomer
- the (meth) acrylic monomer is supplied into the urethane resin aqueous dispersion obtained above, and the acrylic resin is produced by radical polymerization of the (meth) acrylic monomer in the urethane resin particles.
- the (meth) acrylic monomer is supplied by supplying a polymerization initiator or the like after the production of the urethane resin.
- Acrylic resin is produced by radical polymerization.
- resin composition (R) a resin composition containing a urethane resin can be used.
- urethane resin for example, a urethane resin having a polyether structure, a urethane resin having a polycarbonate structure, a urethane resin having a polyester structure, or the like can be used.
- urethane resins are reacted using the same polyols as those described in the description of the composite resin (II-1) or polyols such as conventionally known polycarbonate polyols, and the same polyisocyanates and chain extenders as described above.
- the urethane resin obtained by making it can be used.
- the urethane resin provided with the said desired structure can be manufactured by selecting suitably the said polyether polyol, the conventionally known polycarbonate polyol, aliphatic polyester polyol, etc. as said polyol.
- vinyl resins examples include (meth) acrylic monomers described in the description of the composite resin (II-1), and vinyl monomers including styrene.
- a vinyl resin obtained by radical polymerization can be used.
- the resin composition (R) that can be used for forming the resin layer (II) it is possible to use a resin composition (R-2) containing melamine resin (II-2), which has excellent adhesion and heat resistance. It is preferable when manufacturing a laminated body.
- melamine resin (II-2) for example, methylolated products or alkoxylated products obtained by reacting an amino compound having a triazine ring such as melamine or benzoguanamine with formaldehyde can be used.
- methylolated product for example, methoxymethylolated melamine resin, butylated methylolated melamine resin and the like can be used.
- alkoxylated product examples include those in which part or all of the methylol group of the methylolated product is sealed with monoalcohol or the like, and examples thereof include alkoxylated melamine resins such as methoxymethylolated melamine resins.
- the alkoxylated melamine resin may be prepared by reacting the amino compound having the triazine ring such as melamine or benzoguanamine, the formaldehyde, and the monoalcohol in a batch, and the amino compound having the triazine ring in advance.
- a product obtained by reacting with the formaldehyde to obtain a methylolated melamine compound and then reacting with the monoalcohol may be used.
- alkoxylated melamine resin specifically, Becamine M-3 manufactured by DIC Corporation can be used.
- the number average molecular weight of the melamine resin (II-2) is preferably 100 to 10,000, more preferably 300 to 2,000.
- the resin composition (R) is appropriately added with known additives such as a crosslinking agent, a pH adjuster, a film forming aid, a leveling agent, a thickener, a water repellent, and an antifoaming agent as necessary. , May be contained.
- the cross-linking agent may be a resin layer (II) that has already formed a cross-linked structure before the fluid is applied, or after the fluid is applied, for example, by heating in a baking step or the like.
- a resin layer (II) that can be formed can be formed.
- the crosslinking agent examples include a thermal crosslinking agent that can react at a relatively low temperature of 25 ° C. to less than 100 ° C. to form a crosslinked structure, such as a metal chelate compound, a polyamine compound, an aziridine compound, a metal salt compound, and an isocyanate compound.
- a thermal crosslinking agent capable of forming a crosslinked structure by reacting at a relatively high temperature of 100 ° C. or higher such as one or more selected from the group consisting of blocked isocyanate compounds
- various photocrosslinking agents can be used.
- the cross-linking agent is preferably used in a range of 0.01% by mass to 60% by mass with respect to a total mass of 100 parts by mass of the resin contained in the primer, although it varies depending on the type and the like. It is more preferable to use in the range of 10% to 10% by weight, and it is preferable to use in the range of 0.1% to 5% by weight with excellent adhesion and electrical conductivity and excellent durability. This is preferable because a pattern can be formed.
- the resin composition (R) is applied to the layer (I) by applying the resin composition (R) to a part or all of the surface of the support (I1) or the support (I2) by the method described above. What laminated
- Examples of a method for applying the fluid on the surface of the resin layer (II) include, for example, an ink jet printing method, a reverse printing method, a screen printing method, an offset printing method, a spin coating method, a spray coating method, a bar coating method, and a die coating. Method, slit coat method, roll coat method, dip coat method and the like.
- the conductive layer (III) having a thin line shape of about 0.01 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, which is required when realizing a high density of an electronic circuit or the like is formed using the fluid, ink jet printing. It is preferable to apply the fluid by a method such as a reversal printing method.
- an ink jet printer As the ink jet printing method, what is generally called an ink jet printer can be used. Specific examples include Konica Minolta EB100 and XY100 (manufactured by Konica Minolta IJ Co., Ltd.), Dimatics Material Printer DMP-3000, Dimatics Material Printer DMP-2831 (manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd.), and the like. .
- the reverse printing method a letterpress reverse printing method, an intaglio reverse printing method, and the like are known.
- the fluid corresponding to the non-image area is selectively transferred to the surface of the plate to form the pattern on the surface of the blanket or the like, and then the pattern is transferred to the support (I1) or
- the method of making it transfer on the surface of the layer (I) which consists of a support body (I2), or the surface of the said resin layer (II) is mentioned.
- the firing performed after the fluid is applied by the above method is intended to form the conductive layer (II) by closely contacting and joining the conductive materials (x) such as metals contained in the fluid.
- the firing is preferably performed in the range of 80 ° C. to 300 ° C. for about 2 minutes to 200 minutes.
- the firing may be performed in the air, but from the viewpoint of preventing oxidation of the metal, part or all of the firing step may be performed in a reducing atmosphere.
- the baking step can be performed using, for example, an oven, a hot air drying furnace, an infrared drying furnace, laser irradiation, photo sintering (light baking), light pulse irradiation, microwave, or the like.
- the fluid used for forming the conductive layer (III) contains the conductive substance (x) and, if necessary, a solvent and an additive, and generally contains conductive ink and plating nucleating agent. The thing which can be used is mentioned.
- a transition metal or a compound thereof can be used as the conductive substance (x).
- an ionic transition metal for example, it is preferable to use a transition metal such as copper, silver, gold, nickel, palladium, platinum, cobalt, etc., and to use copper, silver, gold, etc.
- the conductive material (x) is coated with a surface of a metal particle made of a transition metal as described above, an oxide of the transition metal, or an organic substance. 1 or more types can be used.
- the transition metal oxide is usually in an inactive (insulating) state.
- the metal is exposed by treatment with a reducing agent such as dimethylaminoborane to impart activity (conductivity). It becomes possible.
- examples of the metal whose surface is coated with the organic substance include those in which a metal is contained in resin particles (organic substance) formed by an emulsion polymerization method or the like. These are usually in an inactive (insulating) state. However, for example, by removing the organic substance using a laser or the like, it becomes possible to expose the metal and impart activity (conductivity).
- the conductive substance (x) is preferably in the form of particles having an average particle diameter of about 1 nm to 100 nm, preferably having an average particle diameter of 1 nm to 50 nm. Compared to the case of using a conductive substance (x) having an average particle size of 1, a fine conductive pattern can be formed, and the resistance value after firing can be further reduced, which is more preferable.
- the “average particle size” is a volume average value measured by a dynamic light scattering method after diluting the conductive substance (x) with a good dispersion solvent. For this measurement, Nanotrac UPA-150 manufactured by Microtrac can be used.
- the conductive substance (x) is preferably used in a range of 5% by mass to 90% by mass with respect to the total amount of the fluid used in the present invention. It is more preferable to use in.
- the fluid preferably contains a solvent from the viewpoint of improving ease of application and the like.
- a solvent an organic solvent or an aqueous medium can be used.
- the solvent examples include aqueous media such as distilled water, ion exchange water, pure water, and ultrapure water, and organic solvents such as alcohol, ether, ester, and ketone.
- Examples of the alcohol include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butanol, isobutyl alcohol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, heptanol, hexanol, octanol, nonanol, decanol, undecanol, dodecanol, tridecanol, tetra Decanol, pentadecanol, stearyl alcohol, allyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, terpineol, terpineol, dihydroterpineol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol mono Spotted Ether, tetraethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether
- ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, isoprene glycol, and the like can be used for the fluid together with the conductive substance (x) and the solvent.
- the fluid is a liquid or viscous liquid having a viscosity measured by a B-type viscometer at 25 ° C. of 0.1 mPa ⁇ s to 500,000 mPa ⁇ s, preferably 0.5 mPa ⁇ s to 10,000 mPa ⁇ s. Are preferably used.
- a fluid having a viscosity in the range of 5 mPa ⁇ s to 20 mPa ⁇ s.
- a part or all of the surface of the conductive layer (III) formed by applying and firing the fluid may be subjected to an oxidation treatment.
- the surface of the conductive layer (III) may be subjected to plasma discharge treatment such as corona treatment.
- the plasma discharge treatment is not particularly limited.
- a vacuum plasma discharge such as a normal pressure plasma discharge treatment method such as a corona discharge treatment method, a glow discharge treatment method performed under vacuum or reduced pressure, and an arc discharge treatment method. This is a process performed by a processing method.
- the atmospheric pressure plasma discharge treatment method is a plasma discharge treatment method in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of about 0.1% by mass to 25% by mass.
- a corona discharge treatment method in which the plasma discharge treatment is preferably performed in the range of 10 to 22% by weight, more preferably in the air (oxygen concentration is about 21% by weight). It is preferable when providing adhesiveness.
- the atmospheric pressure plasma discharge treatment method is performed in an environment containing an inert gas together with the oxygen, and further excellent adhesion without imparting excessive irregularities on the surface of the conductive layer (III).
- an inert gas together with the oxygen
- adhesion without imparting excessive irregularities on the surface of the conductive layer (III).
- Argon, nitrogen, or the like can be used as the inert gas.
- an atmospheric pressure plasma treatment apparatus (AP-T01) manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. can be used for the treatment by the atmospheric pressure plasma discharge treatment method.
- the flow rate of a gas such as air is preferably within a range of 5 liters / minute to 50 liters / minute.
- the output is preferably in the range of 50W to 500W.
- the time for the treatment with plasma is preferably in the range of 1 second to 500 seconds.
- the corona discharge treatment method as the atmospheric pressure plasma discharge treatment method.
- a corona surface modification evaluation apparatus TEC-4AX manufactured by Kasuga Electric Co., Ltd. can be used.
- the output is preferably in the range of 5 W to 300 W.
- the time for the corona discharge treatment is preferably in the range of 0.5 seconds to 600 seconds.
- the plasma discharge treatment such as the corona discharge treatment is preferably performed under such a condition that no irregularities are formed on the surface of the layer (II) by such treatment.
- the surface of the conductive layer (III) formed by the above method is plated.
- the plating treatment may be performed on the oxidized surface of the conductive layer (III) or may be performed on the surface of the non-oxidized conductive layer (III).
- Examples of the plating method include a dry plating method such as a sputtering method and a vacuum deposition method, a wet plating method such as an electroless plating method and an electroplating method, or a method of combining two or more of these plating methods. .
- the plating layer (IV) formed by the above plating method has excellent adhesion to the surface of the conductive layer (III). Especially, the plating layer (IV) formed by the electroplating method with respect to the surface of the said conductive layer (III) can express especially outstanding adhesiveness.
- a sputtering method, a vacuum deposition method, or the like can be used as the dry plating process.
- an inert gas mainly argon
- negative ions are applied to the plating layer (IV) forming material to generate a glow discharge
- the inert gas atoms are introduced. Ionized, vigorously struck gas ions against the surface of the plating layer (IV) forming material at high speed, and ejects atoms and molecules constituting the plating layer (IV) forming material to adhere to the surface of the conductive layer (III) vigorously. In this way, the plating layer (III) is formed.
- Examples of the material for forming the plating layer (IV) include chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), gold (Au), nickel-chromium (Ni—Cr), SUS, copper-zinc (Cu—Zn), ITO, SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , ZnO, or the like can be used.
- a magnetron sputtering apparatus or the like When performing the plating process by the sputtering method, for example, a magnetron sputtering apparatus or the like can be used.
- the vacuum deposition method heats various metals and metal oxides, which are plating layer (IV) forming materials, in a vacuum, and melts, evaporates, and sublimates them to form the surface of the conductive layer (IV).
- the plating layer (IV) is formed by attaching the metal atoms and molecules.
- Examples of a material for forming the plating layer (IV) that can be used in the vacuum deposition method include aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), and copper (Cu). Chrome (Cr), tin (Sn), indium (In), SiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2, or the like can be used.
- the electroless plating method usable as the plating method includes, for example, bringing the electroless plating solution into contact with a conductive material such as palladium or silver constituting the conductive layer (III). This is a method of forming an electroless plating layer (coating) made of a metal film by depositing a metal such as copper contained in an electroplating solution.
- a material containing a conductive material made of a metal such as copper, nickel, chromium, cobalt, tin, a reducing agent, and a solvent such as an aqueous medium or an organic solvent may be used. it can.
- reducing agent for example, dimethylaminoborane, hypophosphorous acid, sodium hypophosphite, dimethylamine borane, hydrazine, formaldehyde, sodium borohydride, phenols and the like can be used.
- monocarboxylic acids such as acetic acid and formic acid
- dicarboxylic acids such as malonic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid
- malic acid lactic acid, glycolic acid Hydroxycarboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and citric acid
- amino acids such as glycine, alanine, iminodiacetic acid, arginine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid
- It may contain complexing agents such as organic acids such as carboxylic acids, soluble salts of these organic acids (sodium salts, potassium salts, ammonium salts, etc.), amines such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and triethylenetetramine.
- the temperature of the electroless plating solution when using the electroless plating solution is preferably in the range of 20 ° C to 98 ° C.
- the electroplating process that can be used as the plating process is, for example, a conductive material constituting the conductive layer (III) or the surface of the electroless plating layer (coating) formed by the electroless process.
- the conductive material constituting the conductive layer (III) disposed on the negative electrode is made of a metal such as copper contained in the electroplating solution by passing an electric current in contact with the electroplating solution or the electroless treatment.
- This is a method of forming an electroplating film (metal film) by depositing on the surface of the electroless plating layer (film) formed by the above method.
- a metal containing metals such as copper, nickel, chromium, cobalt and tin, sulfides thereof, sulfuric acid and the like, and an aqueous medium
- a metal containing metals such as copper, nickel, chromium, cobalt and tin, sulfides thereof, sulfuric acid and the like, and an aqueous medium
- those containing copper sulfate, sulfuric acid and an aqueous medium can be used.
- the temperature of the electroplating solution when using the electroplating solution is preferably in the range of 20 ° C to 98 ° C.
- the electroplating method it is preferable to form a layer made of copper by an electroplating method because workability is good without using a highly toxic substance.
- the laminate obtained by the above method can be used as a conductive pattern.
- formation of electronic circuits using silver ink or the like formation of organic solar cells or electronic book terminals, organic EL, organic transistors, flexible printed circuit boards, layers constituting peripheral RFID, peripheral wiring, electromagnetic waves of plasma display It can be suitably used for forming a conductive pattern in manufacturing a shield wiring or the like, more specifically, a circuit board.
- a desired pattern can be obtained by applying a fluid that can form the conductive layer (III) to a position corresponding to a desired pattern shape to be formed and baking it. Can be produced.
- the conductive pattern can be manufactured by a photolithographic etching method such as a subtractive method, a semi-additive method, or a full additive method.
- an etching resist layer having a shape corresponding to a desired pattern shape is formed on the plating layer (IV) constituting the laminate of the present invention manufactured in advance, and the resist is removed by subsequent development processing.
- a desired pattern is formed by dissolving and removing the plated layer (IV) and the conductive layer (III) of the formed portion with a chemical solution.
- a chemical solution a chemical solution containing copper chloride, iron chloride or the like can be used.
- the semi-additive method produces a laminate comprising the layer (I) comprising the support (I1) or the support (I2), the resin layer (II) and the conductive layer (III), If necessary, the surface of the conductive layer (III) is oxidized by plasma discharge treatment on the surface, and then a plating resist layer having a shape corresponding to a desired pattern is formed on the oxidized surface as necessary. Then, after forming a plating layer (IV) by an electroplating method or an electroless plating method, the plating resist layer and the conductive layer (III) in contact with the plating resist layer are dissolved and removed in a chemical solution, etc. This is a method of forming a pattern.
- the resin layer (II) is provided on the layer (I) composed of the support (I1) or the support (I2), and the conductive layer (III) is formed by an ink jet method or a reverse printing method. After printing the pattern, if necessary, the surface of the conductive layer (III) is subjected to plasma discharge treatment to form a pattern. Then, the oxidized surface of the conductive layer (III) is electroplated or electrolessly formed. This is a method for forming a desired pattern by forming a plating layer (IV) by a plating method.
- the conductive pattern obtained by the above method can provide excellent durability at a level that can maintain good electrical conductivity without causing peeling between layers, an electron using silver ink or the like.
- Formation of circuit forming substrates used for circuits, integrated circuits, etc., formation of organic solar cells and electronic book terminals, organic EL, organic transistors, flexible printed circuit boards, RFID and other layers and peripheral wiring, plasma display electromagnetic waves Of shield wiring and the like it can be suitably used for applications that require particularly durability.
- a copper-clad laminate is generally used. (CCL: Copper Clad Laminate) and can be used for applications such as flexible printed circuit board (FPC), automatic tape bonding (TAB), chip-on-film (COF), and printed wiring board (PWB).
- biphenyl 3,4,3 ′, 4′-tetracarboxylic acid dihydrate and 4,4′-oxydianiline are prepared in a molar ratio of 50/50, and these are prepared as N, N′—.
- Polymerization with dimethylacetamide gave a polyamic acid solution (A-2) having a nonvolatile content of 20% by mass.
- the polyamic acid solution (A-1) and the polyamic acid solution (A-2) are divided into [the mass of polyamic acid contained in the polyamic acid solution (A-1)] / [the polyamic acid solution].
- the film containing the polyamic acid and the silica was produced by drying the cast material at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds.
- the film was peeled from the drum, dried at 250 ° C. for 60 seconds, then dried at 300 ° C. for 60 seconds, and then dried at 400 ° C. for 75 seconds to obtain a support (F-1) made of a polyimide film. It was. The thickness of the support was 40 ⁇ m.
- the film containing the polyamic acid and the silica was produced by drying the cast material at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds.
- the film was peeled from the drum, dried at 250 ° C. for 60 seconds, then dried at 300 ° C. for 60 seconds, and then dried at 400 ° C. for 75 seconds to obtain a support (F-2) comprising a polyimide film. It was. The thickness of the support was 39 ⁇ m.
- Polyester polyol (polyester polyol obtained by reacting 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, neopentyl glycol and adipic acid) in a nitrogen-substituted container equipped with a thermometer, a nitrogen gas inlet tube, and a stirrer 100 parts by mass, 17.6 parts by mass of 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid, 21.7 parts by mass of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, and 106.2 parts by mass of dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate in a mixed solvent of 178 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone By making it react, the organic solvent solution of the urethane prepolymer which has an isocyanate group in the molecular terminal was obtained.
- a monomer mixture comprising 60 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate, 30 parts by mass of n-butyl acrylate, and 10 parts by mass of Nn-butoxymethylacrylamide, and ammonium persulfate 20 parts by mass of an aqueous solution (concentration: 0.5% by mass) was dropped from a separate dropping funnel over 120 minutes while maintaining the temperature in the reaction vessel at 80 ⁇ 2 ° C. to polymerize.
- the temperature in the reaction vessel is cooled to 40 ° C., then deionized water is used so that the non-volatile content becomes 20.0% by mass, and then filtered through a 200 mesh filter cloth to obtain a resin composition (R -1) was obtained.
- the measuring method of the said cloudiness temperature is demonstrated below. 1 g of resin was sampled and mixed with 100 ml of hot water adjusted to the specified temperature. At that time, the highest temperature when the resin became cloudy without dissolving in hot water was defined as the cloudiness temperature.
- Conductive ink 1 was prepared by dispersing silver particles having an average particle diameter of 30 nm in a mixed solvent of 45 parts by mass of ethylene glycol and 55 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water.
- Example 1 TEC-4AX (corona surface modification evaluation apparatus manufactured by Kasuga Electric Co., Ltd., gas: air (oxygen concentration of about 21% by mass), gap: 1.5 mm, output: 100 W is applied to the surface of the support (F-1). , Treatment time; 2 seconds).
- the resin composition (R-1) was applied to the surface of the support using a spin coater so that the dry film thickness was 0.1 ⁇ m, and then the hot air dryer was used. By drying for 5 minutes under the condition of ° C., a laminate in which the resin layer (II) was laminated on the surface of the layer (I) made of the support was obtained.
- the conductive ink is applied to the surface of the resin layer (II) by a spin coating method, and then baked at 250 ° C. for 3 minutes, thereby forming the conductive layer (III) (thickness) formed of the silver. 0.1 ⁇ m) was produced.
- the surface resistance of the conductive layer (III) was measured by the method described later and found to be 2 ⁇ / ⁇ .
- the surface of the conductive layer (III) was coated with TEC-4AX (corona surface modification evaluation apparatus manufactured by Kasuga Denki Co., Ltd., gas: air (oxygen concentration of about 21% by mass), gap: 1.5 mm, output: 100 W , Treatment time; 2 seconds).
- the surface resistance of the conductive layer (III) before the corona discharge treatment was 2 ⁇ / ⁇ , but the surface resistance of the conductive layer (III) subjected to the corona discharge treatment increased to 5 ⁇ / ⁇ .
- TEC-4AX corona surface modification evaluation apparatus manufactured by Kasuga Denki Co., Ltd., gas: air (oxygen concentration of about 21% by mass), gap: 1.5 mm, output: 100 W , Treatment time; 2 seconds.
- the surface resistance of the conductive layer (III) before the corona discharge treatment was 2 ⁇ / ⁇ , but the surface resistance of the conductive layer (III) subjected to the corona discharge treatment increased to 5 ⁇ / ⁇ .
- the oxidized surface of the conductive layer (III) is set as a cathode, copper-containing copper is set as an anode, and electroplating is performed at a current density of 2 A / dm 2 for 15 minutes using an electroplating solution containing copper sulfate.
- an electroplating solution containing copper sulfate By performing, a copper plating layer having a thickness of 8 ⁇ m was laminated on the surface of the conductive layer (III).
- the electroplating solution 70 g / liter of copper sulfate, 200 g / liter of sulfuric acid, 50 mg / liter of chloride ion, and 5 g / liter of Top Lucina SF (brightener manufactured by Okuno Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) were used.
- Example 2 Except for using the resin composition (R-2) in place of the resin composition (R-1), a layer (I) comprising the support and a resin layer (II) were produced in the same manner as in Example 1. ), The conductive layer (III), and the plating layer (IV) were obtained to obtain a laminate (L-2).
- Example 3 instead of the support (F-1), a support (F-2) is used, and instead of the resin composition (R-1), a resin composition (R-1) and a resin composition ( R-2) and the layer (I) and the resin layer (II) comprising the support by the same method as in Example 1 except that a mixture containing 50/50 (solid content) is used.
- a laminate (L-3) was obtained in which the conductive layer (III) and the plating layer (IV) were laminated.
- Example 1 Except for using the support (F-3) instead of the support (F-1), the layer (I) and the resin layer (II) comprising the support were formed in the same manner as in Example 1. A laminate (L′-1) in which the conductive layer (III) and the plating layer (IV) were laminated was obtained.
- the peel strength of the laminate obtained above was measured by a method based on IPC-TM-650 and NUMBER 2.4.9.
- the lead width used for the measurement was 1 mm, and the peel angle was 90 °.
- the peel strength tends to show a higher value as the thickness of the plating layer increases, but the measurement of the peel strength in the present invention was performed based on the measurement value in the currently used plating layer of 8 ⁇ m. .
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Abstract
Description
本発明の積層体を構成する層(I)は、積層体を支える支持体(I1)または支持体(I2)によって構成される層である。
前記支持体(I1)は、前記ポリイミド樹脂(i-1)及びポリイミド樹脂(i-2)を含有するものである。
前記樹脂層(II)は、後述する導電層(III)を形成する導電性物質(x)を含有する流動体を受容可能な層である。前記樹脂層(II)は、前記流動体が接触した際に、前記流動体に含まれる溶媒を速やかに吸収し、かつ前記導電性物質(x)を樹脂層(II)の表面に担持する。これにより、前記支持体(I1)または支持体(I2)からなる層(I)と樹脂層(II)と、導電性物質(x)から構成される導電層(III)との密着性や耐熱性を格段に向上することができる
前記導電層(III)は、導電性インクやめっき核剤等の流動体に含まれる導電性物質(x)によって構成される層である。前記導電層(III)は、例えば、前記流動体として銀を含むめっき核剤を用いた場合であれば、前記めっき核剤中に含まれる前記銀によって構成される層に相当し、前記銀によって構成される印刷像やパターンに相当するものである。
本発明の積層体は、例えば、前記層(I)を構成する前記支持体(I1)または支持体(I2)の表面の一部または全部に、樹脂組成物(R)を塗布、乾燥することによって前記樹脂層(II)を形成し、次いで、前記樹脂層(II)の表面の一部または全部に、導電性物質(x)を含有する流動体を塗布、焼成し前記導電層(III)を形成することによって製造することができる。前記めっき層(IV)を設ける場合には、前記導電層(III)の表面の一部または全部をめっき処理することによって、さらにめっき層(IV)を備えた積層体を製造することができる。
無水ピロメリット酸と4,4’-オキシジアニリンとをモル比で50/50の割合で用意し、それらをN,N’’-ジメチルアセトアミド中で重合することによって、不揮発分20質量%のポリアミック酸溶液(A-1)を得た。
無水ピロメリット酸と4,4’-オキシジアニリンとビフェニル3,4,3’,4’-テトラカルボン酸二水和物と4,4’-オキシジアニリンとを、モル比で50/50/100の割合で用意し、それらをN,N’-ジメチルアセトアミド中で重合することによって、不揮発分20質量%のポリアミック酸溶液を得た。さらに、平均粒子径が0.3μmのシリカ粒子を0.2重量%混合することによって混合物を得た。
前記ポリアミック酸溶液(A-1)及び前記ポリアミック酸(A-2)の代わりに、ビフェニル3,4,3’,4’-テトラカルボン酸二水和物と1,4-ジアミノベンゼンとをモル比で50/50の割合で用意したものを重合して得られたポリアミック酸を使用した以外は、上記支持体(F-1)の作製方法と同様の方法でポリイミドフィルムからなる支持体(F-3)を作製した。前記支持体の膜厚は49μmであった。
前記ポリアミック酸溶液(A-1)及び前記ポリアミック酸(A-2)の代わりに、無水ピロリン酸と4,4’-オキシジアニリンとをモル比で50/50の割合で用意したものを重合して得られたポリアミック酸を使用し、かつ、前記平均粒子径が0.2μmシリカの代わりに平均粒子径が1μmのリン酸カルシウムを0.05質量%使用すること以外は、上記支持体(F-1)の作製方法と同様の方法でポリイミドフィルムからなる支持体(F-4)を作製した。前記支持体の膜厚は50μmであった。
温度計、窒素ガス導入管、攪拌器を備えた窒素置換された容器中で、ポリエステルポリオール(1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノールとネオペンチルグリコールとアジピン酸とを反応させて得られたポリエステルポリオール)を100質量部、2,2―ジメチロールプロピオン酸17.6質量部、1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノール21.7質量部、ジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネート106.2質量部を、メチルエチルケトン178質量部の混合溶剤中で反応させることによって、分子末端にイソシアネート基を有するウレタンプレポリマーの有機溶剤溶液を得た。
還流冷却器、温度計、撹拌機を備えた反応フラスコに、37質量%のホルムアルデヒドと7質量%のメタノールを含むホルマリン600質量部(ホルムアルデヒド含量:222質量部(7.4mol)、メタノール含量:42質量部(1.31mol))に水200質量部及びメタノール350質量部(10.92mol)を加えた。この水溶液に25質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を加え、pH10に調整した後、メラミン310質量部(2.46mol)を加え、液温を85℃まで上げ、メチロール化(一次反応)させた(反応時間:1時間)。
エチレングリコール45質量部とイオン交換水55質量部との混合溶媒に、平均粒径30nmの銀粒子を分散させることによって導電性インク1を調製した。
前記支持体(F-1)の表面を、TEC-4AX(春日電機株式会社製のコロナ表面改質評価装置、ガス;空気(酸素濃度約21質量%)、ギャップ;1.5mm、出力;100W、処理時間;2秒)を用いてコロナ放電処理した。
前記樹脂組成物(R-1)の代わりに樹脂組成物(R-2)を使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法によって、前記支持体からなる層(I)と樹脂層(II)と前記導電層(III)と前記めっき層(IV)とが積層した積層体(L-2)を得た。
前記支持体(F-1)の代わりに支持体(F-2)を使用し、かつ、前記樹脂組成物(R-1)の代わりに、樹脂組成物(R-1)と樹脂組成物(R-2)とを50/50(固形分)の割合で含有する混合物を使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法によって、前記支持体からなる層(I)と樹脂層(II)と前記導電層(III)と前記めっき層(IV)とが積層した積層体(L-3)を得た。
前記支持体(F-1)の代わりに支持体(F-3)を使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法によって、前記支持体からなる層(I)と樹脂層(II)と前記導電層(III)と前記めっき層(IV)とが積層した積層体(L’-1)を得た。
前記支持体(F-1)の代わりに支持体(F-4)を使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法によって、前記支持体からなる層(I)と樹脂層(II)と前記導電層(III)と前記めっき層(IV)とが積層した積層体(L’-2)
前記で得た積層体のピール強度測定は、IPC-TM-650、NUMBER2.4.9に準拠した方法により行った。測定に用いるリード幅は1mm、そのピールの角度は90°とした。なお、ピール強度は、前記めっき層の厚さが厚くなるほど高い値を示す傾向にあるが、本発明でのピール強度の測定は、現在汎用されているめっき層8μmにおける測定値を基準として実施した。
前記で得た積層体を150℃に設定した乾燥機を用いて168時間乾燥した。前記乾燥後の積層体を用いること以外は、前記<ピール試験による評価>に記載した方法と同様の方法でピール強度を測定した。
前記で得た積層体を温度135℃及び湿度85%に設定したHAST試験器内に168時間入れた。前記耐湿熱試験後の積層体を用いること以外は、前記<ピール試験による評価>に記載した方法と同様の方法でピール強度を測定した。
Claims (8)
- 下記一般式(1)で示される構造を有するポリイミド樹脂(i-1)及び下記一般式(2)で示される構造を有するポリイミド樹脂(i-2)を含有する支持体(I1)、または、下記一般式(1)で示される構造及び下記一般式(2)で示される構造を有するポリイミド樹脂(i-3)を含有する支持体(I2)からなる層(I)と、導電性物質(x)を含有する流動体を受容する樹脂層(II)と、前記導電性物質(x)によって形成される導電層(III)とを有することを特徴とする積層体。
〔一般式(1)中のR1~R8は、それぞれ独立して水素原子、ハロゲン原子または有機基を表す。nは1~1,000の整数を表す。〕
〔一般式(2)中のR9~R22は、それぞれ独立して水素原子、ハロゲン原子または有機基を表す。mは1~1,000の整数を表す。〕 - 前記支持体からなる層(I)が、さらに平均粒子径0.01μm~1μmのシリカ微粒子を含有するものである請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記樹脂層(II)が、ウレタン樹脂及びアクリル樹脂によって構成される複合樹脂(II-1)、または、メラミン樹脂(II-2)である請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記導電層(III)の表面の一部または全部にめっき層(IV)を有する請求項1に記載の積層体。
- 前記導電層(III)の一部または全部が、酸化された銀によって構成されたものである請求項4に記載の積層体。
- 前記めっき層(IV)が、電解銅めっき法によって形成されたものである請求項4に記載の積層体。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の積層体からなる導電性パターン。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の積層体を有する電気回路。
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| JP2016007797A (ja) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-01-18 | Dic株式会社 | 積層体、導電性パターン、電子回路及び積層体の製造方法 |
| WO2019013038A1 (ja) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-17 | Dic株式会社 | 積層体、それを用いたプリント配線板、フレキシブルプリント配線板及び成形品 |
| WO2019013039A1 (ja) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-17 | Dic株式会社 | 積層体、それを用いたプリント配線板、フレキシブルプリント配線板及び成形品 |
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| CN114806396A (zh) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-07-29 | 住井科技(深圳)有限公司 | 使聚酰亚胺清漆兼具耐电涌性和耐湿热性的方法、聚酰亚胺清漆和绝缘电线 |
| TWI841294B (zh) * | 2023-03-15 | 2024-05-01 | 國立中興大學 | 軟性電路板與其製作方法 |
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| JP5569662B1 (ja) | 2014-08-13 |
| KR20150038105A (ko) | 2015-04-08 |
| TWI548524B (zh) | 2016-09-11 |
| CN104661818B (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
| JPWO2014050657A1 (ja) | 2016-08-22 |
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