WO2014045476A1 - フェライト系ステンレス鋼 - Google Patents
フェライト系ステンレス鋼 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014045476A1 WO2014045476A1 PCT/JP2013/001821 JP2013001821W WO2014045476A1 WO 2014045476 A1 WO2014045476 A1 WO 2014045476A1 JP 2013001821 W JP2013001821 W JP 2013001821W WO 2014045476 A1 WO2014045476 A1 WO 2014045476A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0273—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ferritic stainless steel, particularly a ferritic stainless steel excellent in corrosion resistance of a welded portion.
- Stainless steel is roughly classified into ferritic stainless steel represented by SUS430 and austenitic stainless steel represented by SUS304.
- Ferritic stainless steel can be manufactured at low cost because the amount of Ni, which is an expensive element, is small compared to austenitic stainless steel.
- ferritic stainless steel has excellent properties such as the advantage of less deformation during welding due to its low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal conductivity, excellent corrosion resistance in outdoor environments, and resistance to stress corrosion cracking. Yes. Therefore, ferritic stainless steel has been widely applied to various building materials, automobile parts, kitchen equipment, home appliances, water heaters, and the like, and the needs thereof have been further increased in recent years.
- Ferritic stainless steel is often used by being welded with ferritic stainless steels or with austenitic stainless steel (for example, SUS304, etc.), and good corrosion resistance is also required at the welded portion in the same manner as the base material portion.
- austenitic stainless steel such as SUS304 and ferritic stainless steel, which have higher C and N contents than ferritic steel types, are welded, the corrosion resistance of the weld may be lower than that of the base metal due to a phenomenon called sensitization. is there.
- Sensitization means that C and N in steel are combined with Cr due to the thermal history of the welded portion, and precipitated as grain carbide as Cr carbide (eg Cr 23 C 6 ) or Cr nitride (Cr 2 N).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 there has been proposed a method of adding Ti and Nb to fix C and N in steel as carbides or nitrides and making them harmless.
- the gas shield is insufficient, sensitization may occur in the welded portion, and the corrosion resistance of the welded portion is not sufficient.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a ferritic stainless steel having excellent corrosion resistance of a welded portion.
- the fixing mechanism of C and N by addition of Ti and Nb is that after Ti and Nb are dissolved in the base material during welding, they are precipitated again as Ti (C, N) or Nb (C, N) during cooling.
- C and N are fixed, and it is empirically found that it is effective to add Ti and Nb to 8 or more at Ti% / (C% + N%) or Nb% / (C% + N%).
- the present inventors promoted the precipitation of Ti and Nb carbonitride during cooling after welding by lowering the precipitation peak temperature of these Ti and Nb carbonitrides, so that C, N We examined a method to fix the stencil sufficiently.
- these precipitates are composite carbonitriding such as (Ti, V) (C, N) or (Nb, V) (C, N), respectively.
- the precipitation temperature is lower than that of conventional Ti and Nb-based carbonitrides, and these composite carbonitrides including V fix C and N more than conventional Ti and Nb-based carbonitrides. It was found that the corrosion resistance of the welded portion is greatly improved.
- the present invention has been made based on the above knowledge, and the gist thereof is as follows.
- Nb is contained in a range satisfying 0.05 to 0.20 or at least one of cases where Nb and Ti are contained, with the balance being Fe and Ferritic stainless steel characterized by inevitable impurities.
- the C%, the N%, the Ti%, the Nb%, and the V% represent the contents (mass%) of Ti, Nb, and V, respectively.
- ferritic stainless steel having excellent corrosion resistance of the welded portion can be obtained.
- the ferritic stainless steel of the present invention has excellent corrosion resistance without causing sensitization even under welding conditions in which carbon and nitrogen enter from a welding partner material or welding conditions in which nitrogen enters from air. Therefore, it can be suitably used for applications in which structures are produced by welding, for example, automobile exhaust system materials such as mufflers, building materials such as fittings, ventilation openings, and ducts, electrical equipment, and kitchen products.
- composition of the steel of the present invention is specified.
- component% means the mass% unless there is particular notice.
- C 0.003% or more and 0.014% or less
- the workability and the corrosion resistance of the welded part are significantly lowered.
- a lower C content is preferable from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance and workability, but refining takes time to make the C content less than 0.003%, which is not preferable in production. Therefore, the C content is in the range of 0.003% to 0.014%. Preferably it is 0.004% or more and 0.011% or less of range.
- N 0.005% or more and 0.016% or less
- the workability and the corrosion resistance of the welded part are significantly reduced. From the viewpoint of corrosion resistance, the lower the N content, the better.
- the N content is set in a range of 0.005% to 0.016%. Preferably it is 0.005% or more and 0.011% or less of range.
- C% + N% 0.023% or less C and N cause a decrease in workability and a decrease in corrosion resistance of the weld.
- the effect has a synergistic effect.
- the range of (C% + N%) is set to 0.023% or less. Preferably it is less than 0.020%.
- Si 0.01% or more and 0.90% or less
- Si is an element that is effective as a deoxidizing element in the steelmaking process as well as being effective in improving the corrosion resistance of the welded part by concentrating on the oxide film formed during welding. .
- These effects are obtained by containing 0.01% or more of Si, and the effect increases as the Si content increases.
- the Si content exceeds 0.90%, the rolling load increases in the hot rolling process and a significant scale is generated.
- the pickling property decreases due to the formation of the Si concentrated layer on the steel sheet surface layer. Respectively, which causes an increase in surface defects and an increase in manufacturing cost. Therefore, the Si amount is set to 0.01% or more and 0.90% or less.
- the Si content is preferably in the range of 0.05% to 0.20%.
- Mn 0.01% or more and 0.50% or less Mn has the effect of increasing the strength of the steel and also acts as a deoxidizer. In order to acquire the effect, it is necessary to contain 0.01% or more. However, if the amount of Mn exceeds 0.50%, precipitation of MnS, which is a starting point of corrosion, is promoted, and the corrosion resistance is lowered. Therefore, the range of the amount of Mn is 0.01% or more and 0.50% or less. Preferably it is 0.05 to 0.40% of range. More preferably, it is 0.10% or more and 0.30% or less of range.
- P 0.020% or more and 0.040% or less
- P is an element inevitably contained in steel, but it is an element harmful to corrosion resistance and workability, so the content should be reduced as much as possible. Is preferred. In particular, when it exceeds 0.040%, the workability is remarkably lowered due to solid solution strengthening. However, in order to make it less than 0.020%, it takes time for refining, which is not preferable in production. Therefore, the P content is 0.020% or more and 0.040% or less. Preferably, it is 0.025% or more and 0.030% or less.
- S 0.008% or less
- S is an element inevitably contained in steel like P. However, since it is an element harmful to corrosion resistance and workability, its content should be reduced as much as possible. preferable. Particularly when it exceeds 0.008%, the corrosion resistance is remarkably lowered. Therefore, the S amount is 0.008% or less. Preferably it is 0.006% or less. More preferably, it is 0.003% or less.
- Al 0.001% to 0.090%
- Al is an effective deoxidizer. Furthermore, since Al has a stronger affinity for nitrogen than Cr, when nitrogen penetrates into the weld zone, nitrogen is precipitated not as Cr nitride but as Al nitride, and has the effect of suppressing sensitization. These effects can be obtained by containing 0.001% or more of Al. However, if Al exceeds 0.090%, the penetration at the time of welding is lowered and the welding workability is lowered, which is not preferable. Therefore, the Al content is set to be in the range of 0.001% to 0.090%. Preferably it is 0.001% or more and 0.060% or less of range. More preferably, it is 0.001% or more and 0.040% or less of range.
- Cr 14.5% to 23.0% Cr is the most important element for securing the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. If the content is less than 14.5%, sufficient corrosion resistance cannot be obtained in the welded portion with the austenitic stainless steel. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 23.0%, the toughness of the hot-rolled sheet decreases due to the formation of the ⁇ (sigma) phase, and continuous annealing of the hot-rolled sheet becomes difficult. Therefore, the Cr content is set in the range of 14.5% or more and 23.0% or less. Preferably it is 14.5% or more and 22.0% or less of range. More preferably, it is 16.0% or more and 21.5% or less of range.
- Ni 0.10% to 0.60%
- Ni is an element that improves the corrosion resistance of stainless steel, and is an element that suppresses the progress of corrosion in a corrosive environment in which a passive film cannot be formed and active dissolution occurs.
- Ni is a strong austenite generating element, and has the effect of suppressing ferrite formation at the weld and suppressing sensitization due to precipitation of Cr carbonitride. This effect is obtained by containing 0.10% or more of Ni, and increases as the Ni content increases. However, when the content exceeds 0.60%, workability is lowered and stress corrosion cracking is likely to occur.
- the Ni content is set to 0.10% or more and 0.60% or less. Preferably it is 0.10% or more and 0.50% or less of range. More preferably, it is 0.10% or more and 0.40% or less of range.
- V 0.010% to 0.040%
- V is an extremely important element in the present invention.
- V forms a composite carbonitride with Ti and Nb.
- This composite carbonitride precipitates with a higher precipitation peak temperature than conventional Ti and Nb carbonitrides and contains more C and N during the cooling process after welding, thereby suppressing sensitization of the weld zone. To do.
- This effect is acquired by containing V 0.010% or more.
- the content exceeds 0.040%, workability is remarkably lowered, which is not preferable. Therefore, the V amount is in the range of 0.010% to 0.040%.
- it is 0.010% or more and 0.030% or less of range.
- Ti 0.15% or more and 0.34% or less and Ti% + Nb% ⁇ 0.70 and V% / (Ti% + 0.5 ⁇ Nb%): within a range satisfying 0.05 to 0.20 Or Ti and Nb, or Nb: 0.35% to 0.60% and Ti% + Nb% ⁇ 0.70 and V% / (Ti% + 0.5 ⁇ Nb%): 0
- Nb is contained in a range satisfying .05 to 0.20 or Nb and Ti are contained Ti and Nb are preferentially bonded to C and N, resulting from sensitization by precipitation of Cr carbonitride. It is an element that suppresses the decrease in corrosion resistance.
- one or two of Ti and Nb are contained at 0.15% or more of Ti or 0.35% or more of Nb.
- it contains Ti: 0.20% or more, or Nb: 0.40% or more. More preferably, it contains Ti: 0.25% or more, or Nb: 0.45% or more.
- the Ti amount is set to 0.34% or less. Preferably, it is 0.30% or less.
- Nb is also an element that raises the recrystallization temperature.
- the Nb amount is set to 0.60% or less. Preferably it is 0.55% or less.
- Ti% + Nb% is set to 0.70% or less. Preferably it is 0.65 or less. As described above, all of the Ti amount, the Nb amount, and Ti% + Nb% must be equal to or lower than the upper limit value.
- V forms a composite carbonitride with Ti and Nb, suppresses sensitization and improves the corrosion resistance of the weld.
- This composite carbonitride is produced when one or two of Ti and Nb and V are contained so that V% / (Ti% + 0.5 ⁇ Nb%) is 0.05 or more. When V% / (Ti% + 0.5 ⁇ Nb%) is less than 0.05, V required for forming the composite carbonitride is insufficient, and the amount of precipitation of the composite carbonitride is reduced.
- V% / (Ti% + 0.5 ⁇ Nb%) exceeds 0.20, V becomes excessive with respect to Ti and Nb, and the N concentration in the composite carbonitride increases. As a result, the solid solution C in the welded portion cannot be sufficiently fixed as a precipitate, and a sufficient sensitization suppressing effect cannot be obtained. Therefore, V% / (Ti% + 0.5 ⁇ Nb%): 0.05 to 0.20 is set. Preferably, it is in the range of 0.10 to 0.15.
- the Ti%, the Nb%, and the V% represent the contents (mass%) of Ti, Nb, and V, respectively.
- the present invention is a ferritic stainless steel characterized in that it contains the above-mentioned essential components and the balance consists of Fe and inevitable impurities. Furthermore, if necessary, one or more selected from Cu and Mo, or one or more selected from Zr, REM, W, Co, B, Mg, Ca, It can contain in the range of.
- Cu 0.01% or more and 0.80% or less
- Cu is an element that improves the corrosion resistance, and is an element that is particularly effective for improving the corrosion resistance of the base material and the welded part when an aqueous solution or a weakly acidic water droplet adheres. It is.
- Cu is a strong austenite-forming element like Ni, and has the effect of suppressing ferrite formation at the weld and suppressing sensitization due to precipitation of Cr carbonitride. These effects are obtained by containing 0.01% or more, and the effect becomes higher as the Cu content increases. However, if Cu is contained in excess of 0.80%, the hot workability is lowered and surface defects are induced, which is not preferable.
- the Cu content is in the range of 0.01% to 0.80%. Preferably, it is 0.10% or more and 0.60% or less of range. More preferably, it is 0.30% or more and 0.45% or less of range.
- Mo 0.01% to 1.65% Mo is an element that significantly improves the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. This effect is obtained when the content is 0.01% or more, and the effect improves as the content increases. However, if the Mo content exceeds 1.65%, the rolling load at the time of hot rolling becomes large, the productivity is lowered, and the steel sheet strength is excessively increased. Moreover, since Mo is an expensive element, the addition of a large amount increases the manufacturing cost. Therefore, when contained, the Mo content is 0.01% or more and 1.65% or less. Preferably it is 0.10% or more and 1.40% or less of range. In particular, in Ti-containing steels whose hot-rolled sheet toughness is reduced, the addition of Mo further reduces the toughness and makes hot-rolled sheet annealing difficult. It is preferably 30% or more and 1.40% or less. More preferably, it is the range of 0.4% or more and 1.00% or less.
- Zr 0.01% or more and 0.20% or less Zr combines with C and N and has an effect of suppressing sensitization. This effect is obtained when the content is 0.01% or more. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.20%, workability is remarkably lowered, which is not preferable. Therefore, when it contains, Zr content shall be 0.01% or more and 0.20% or less of range. Preferably, the range is 0.01% or more and 0.10% or less.
- REM 0.001% or more and 0.100% or less REM has the effect of improving oxidation resistance, and suppresses the formation of a Cr-deficient region directly under the oxide film by suppressing the formation of an oxide film (weld temper color) in the weld zone. To do. In order to acquire this effect, it is necessary to contain REM 0.001% or more. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.100%, productivity such as pickling at the time of cold rolling annealing is lowered, which is not preferable. Therefore, when it contains, REM amount shall be 0.001% or more and 0.100% or less of range. Preferably, it is set as 0.001% or more and 0.050% or less of range.
- Co 0.01% or more and 0.20% or less
- Co is an element that improves toughness. This effect is obtained when the content is 0.01% or more. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.20%, the workability decreases. Therefore, when it contains, Co amount shall be 0.01% or more and 0.20% or less.
- B 0.0002% or more and 0.0009% or less B is an element effective for improving secondary work embrittlement resistance after deep drawing. This effect is obtained by making the B content 0.0002% or more. On the other hand, if the B content exceeds 0.0009%, workability and toughness deteriorate, which is not preferable. Therefore, when it contains, B amount shall be 0.0002% or more and 0.0009% or less of range. Preferably it is 0.0003% or more and 0.0006% or less of range.
- Mg 0.0002% or more and 0.0010% or less
- Mg is an element that improves the equiaxed crystal ratio of the slab and is effective for improving workability and toughness. Furthermore, in the steel containing Ti as in the present invention, when Ti carbonitride is coarsened, the toughness is lowered, but Mg also has an effect of suppressing the coarsening of Ti carbonitride. These effects appear by containing 0.0002% or more of Mg. On the other hand, when the amount of Mg exceeds 0.0010%, the surface properties of steel are deteriorated. Therefore, when it contains, Mg amount shall be 0.0002% or more and 0.0010% or less of range. Preferably it is 0.0002% or more and 0.0004% or less of range.
- Ca 0.0005% or more and 0.0020% or less
- Ca is an effective component for preventing nozzle clogging due to crystallization of Ti-based inclusions that are likely to occur during continuous casting. The effect is acquired by containing 0.0005% or more of Ca. However, when it contains exceeding 0.0020%, corrosion resistance falls by the production
- the ferritic stainless steel of the present invention is obtained by melting a molten steel having the above composition by a known method such as a converter, an electric furnace, a vacuum melting furnace, etc. ).
- the slab is heated at 1100 to 1250 ° C. for 1 to 24 hours, or directly hot-rolled as cast without heating to form a hot-rolled sheet.
- the hot-rolled sheet is subjected to continuous annealing at 800 to 1100 ° C. or batch annealing at 600 to 900 ° C., but depending on the application, the hot-rolled sheet annealing may be omitted.
- hot-rolled sheet pickling it is cold-rolled by cold rolling, and then annealed and pickled to obtain a product.
- Cold rolling is preferably performed at a rolling reduction of 50% or more from the viewpoints of stretchability, bendability, press formability, and shape correction.
- the recrystallization annealing of cold-rolled sheets is generally performed according to JIS G 0203 surface finish, No. In the case of a 2B finished product, it is preferable to carry out at 800 to 1100 ° C. from the viewpoint of obtaining good mechanical properties and pickling properties. Further, BA annealing (bright annealing) may be performed in order to obtain more gloss.
- grinding or polishing may be performed.
- the surface was judged by visual observation, and a tensile test and a pitting potential measurement were performed.
- a JIS No. 13B tensile test piece was taken in parallel with the rolling direction, and the tensile test (E1) (breaking ductility) was measured according to JIS Z2201.
- E1 breaking ductility
- pitting corrosion potential measurement a 20 mm ⁇ 20 mm test piece was sampled and the surface was polished with No. 600 polishing paper, and then covered with a sealing material leaving a 10 mm ⁇ 10 mm measurement surface, and 3.5% by mass at 30 ° C. Pitting potential was measured in NaCl solution.
- the test piece was not passivated, but the other measurement methods were based on JIS G 0577 (2005).
- the cold-rolled annealed pickled plates of each steel type prepared as described above and SUS304 (C: 0.07% by mass, N: 0.05% by mass, Japanese Industrial Standards, JIS G 4305) with a thickness of 0.8 mm are joined together.
- TIG welded The welding conditions are welding speed: 600 mm / min, welding voltage: 10 to 12 V, welding current: 70 to 120 A.
- the front side was sealed by flowing 15 L / min of argon gas, the back side was not gas shielded in order to make nitrogen enter the molten pool due to insufficient gas shielding.
- salt spray cycle test salt spray (5% NaCl, 35 ° C., spray 2 h) ⁇ dry (60 ° C., 4 h, relative humidity 40%) ⁇ wet (50 ° C., 2 h, relative humidity ⁇ 95%) is one cycle. Five cycles were performed.
- Hot-rolled sheet Charpy test The Charpy impact value at 25 ° C of the hot-rolled sheet was determined to be 50 J / cm 2 or more, and less than 50 J / cm 2 was determined to be unacceptable.
- the pitting corrosion potential of the base material was determined to be 120 mV or higher, and less than 120 mV was determined to be unacceptable.
- Salt spray test The area where rust occurred was 20% or less, and 20% or more was judged to be unacceptable.
- Breaking ductility The elongation at break in the tensile test was determined to be 25% or more, and less than 25% was determined to be unacceptable.
- Table 2 shows the results obtained as described above.
- A1 to A14 satisfying the scope of the present invention showed a pitting corrosion potential of 120 mV or more, no sensitization and rusting of the welded portion, and a predetermined corrosion resistance was obtained for both the base material and the welded portion. 25% or more of fracture ductility was obtained, and no surface defects were observed.
- B1 containing a Cr amount exceeding the range of the present invention could not obtain a predetermined Charpy impact value in the hot-rolled sheet, the subsequent steps and tests were not performed.
- B2 which is less than the range of the present invention with the Cr amount of 13.8%
- corrosion occurs from the welded part in the salt spray cycle test, and a predetermined welded part corrosion resistance is obtained. I could not.
- B3 in which the amount of Nb exceeds the range of the present invention, a predetermined fracture ductility could not be obtained as a result of an uneven metal structure including non-recrystallized grains after annealing.
- B4 where the amount of Ti exceeds the range of the present invention, surface defects (streak-like defects) due to coarse Ti carbonitrides occurred.
- Ferritic stainless steel obtained in the present invention is used for the production of structures by welding, for example, automobile exhaust materials such as mufflers, building materials such as fittings, ventilation openings, ducts, electrical equipment, kitchen products, etc. It is suitable for application to.
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Description
0.014%を超えてCを含有すると、加工性の低下および溶接部の耐食性低下が顕著になる。C量が低いほど耐食性および加工性の観点では好ましいが、C量を0.003%未満にするためには精錬に時間がかかり、製造上好ましくない。そのため、C量は0.003%以上0.014%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは0.004%以上0.011%以下の範囲である。
0.016%を超えてNを含有すると、加工性の低下および溶接部の耐食性低下が顕著になる。耐食性の観点からNの含有量は低いほど好ましいが、N量を0.005%未満にまで低減するには精錬時間を長くする必要があり、製造コストの上昇および生産性の低下を招くため好ましくない。よって、N量は0.005%以上0.016%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは0.005%以上0.011%以下の範囲である。
CおよびNは加工性の低下および溶接部の耐食性の低下をもたらす。その影響には相乗効果があり、C量とN量の合計(C%+N%)が0.023%超になると加工性の低下および溶接部の耐食性低下が顕著になる。そのため、(C%+N%)の範囲を0.023%以下とする。好ましくは0.020%未満である。
Siは溶接時に形成される酸化皮膜に濃縮して溶接部の耐食性を向上させる効果があるとともに、製鋼工程における脱酸元素としても有用な元素である。これらの効果は、Siを0.01%以上含有することで得られ、Siの含有量が多いほどその効果は大きくなる。しかし、0.90%を超えてSiを含有すると、熱間圧延工程における圧延荷重の増大と顕著なスケールの生成、焼鈍工程においては鋼板表層でのSi濃化層の形成による酸洗性の低下がそれぞれ生じ、表面欠陥の増加や製造コストの上昇を誘因するため好ましくない。そのため、Si量は0.01%以上0.90%以下とする。好ましくは0.05%以上0.60%以下の範囲である。さらに好ましくは0.05%以上0.15%以下の範囲である。特に0.25%以上のTiを含有する場合には、Siによる酸洗性の低下が顕著になるので、Siの含有量は0.05%以上0.20%以下の範囲が好ましい。
Mnは鋼の強度を高める効果があり、また、脱酸剤としての作用もある。その効果を得るためには0.01%以上含有することが必要である。しかし、Mn量が0.50%を超えると、腐食の起点となるMnSの析出が促進され、耐食性が低下する。そのため、Mn量の範囲は0.01%以上0.50%以下とする。好ましくは0.05%以上0.40%以下の範囲である。さらに好ましくは0.10%以上0.30%以下の範囲である。
Pは鋼に不可避的に含まれる元素であるが、耐食性および加工性に対して有害な元素であるので可能な限り、その含有量を低減することが好ましい。特に0.040%を超えると固溶強化により加工性が顕著に低下する。しかし、0.020%未満にするためには精錬に時間がかかり、製造上好ましくない。よって、P量は0.020%以上0.040%以下とする。好ましくは、0.025%以上0.030%以下である。
SもPと同様に鋼に不可避的に含まれる元素であるが、耐食性および加工性に対して有害な元素であるので、その含有量を可能な限り低減するのが好ましい。特に0.008%を超えると耐食性が顕著に低下する。よって、S量は0.008%以下とする。好ましくは0.006%以下である。より好ましくは0.003%以下である。
Alは有効な脱酸剤である。さらに、Alは窒素との親和力がCrよりも強いため、溶接部に窒素が侵入した場合に、窒素をCr窒化物ではなくAl窒化物として析出させて、鋭敏化を抑制する効果がある。これらの効果は、Alを0.001%以上含有することで得られる。しかし、0.090%超えてAlを含有すると、溶接時の溶け込み性が低下して溶接作業性が低下するので好ましくない。そのため、Al量は0.001%以上0.090%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは0.001%以上0.060%以下の範囲である。さらに好ましくは0.001%以上0.040%以下の範囲である。
Crはステンレス鋼の耐食性を確保するために最も重要な元素である。その含有量が14.5%未満では、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼との溶接部において、十分な耐食性が得られない。一方、23.0%を超えて含有すると、σ(シグマ)相の生成により熱延板の靭性が低下し、熱延板の連続焼鈍が困難となるため製造上好ましくない。そのため、Cr量は14.5%以上23.0%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは14.5%以上22.0%以下の範囲である。さらに好ましくは16.0%以上21.5%以下の範囲である。
Niはステンレス鋼の耐食性を向上させる元素であり、不動態皮膜が形成できず活性溶解が生じる腐食環境において腐食の進行を抑制する元素である。また、Niは強いオーステナイト生成元素であり、溶接部でのフェライト生成を抑制し、Cr炭窒化物の析出による鋭敏化を抑制する効果がある。この効果は、Niを0.10%以上含有することで得られ、Niの含有量が多いほど高くなる。しかし、含有量が0.60%を超えると、加工性が低下することに加えて、応力腐食割れが発生しやすくなる。さらには、Niは高価な元素であるため、Niの含有量の増大は製造コストの増大を招くため好ましくない。そのため、Ni量は0.10%以上0.60%以下とする。好ましくは0.10%以上0.50%以下の範囲である。さらに好ましくは0.10%以上0.40%以下の範囲である。
Vは本発明において極めて重要な元素である。VはTi、Nbと複合炭窒化物を形成する。この複合炭窒化物は、溶接後の冷却過程において、従来のTi、Nb系炭窒化物より低い析出ピーク温度で、より多くのC、Nを含んで析出して、溶接部の鋭敏化を抑制する。この効果は、Vを0.010%以上含有することによって得られる。しかし、0.040%を超えて含有すると加工性が顕著に低下するため好ましくない。そのため、V量は0.010%以上0.040%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは0.010%以上0.030%以下の範囲である。
Ti、Nbは、C、Nと優先的に結合して、Cr炭窒化物の析出による鋭敏化に起因した耐食性の低下を抑制する元素である。この効果を得るため、Ti、Nbの1種または2種を、Tiを0.15%以上あるいはNbを0.35%以上含有する。好ましくは、Ti:0.20%以上を含有するか、Nb:0.40%以上を含有する場合である。さらに好ましくは、Ti:0.25%以上を含有するか、Nb:0.45%以上を含有する場合である。一方、Tiを0.34%を超えて含有すると、鋳造工程において粗大なTi炭窒化物が生成し、表面欠陥を引き起こすため製造上好ましくない。そのため、Ti量は0.34%以下とする。好ましくは、0.30%以下である。また、Nbは再結晶温度を上昇させる元素でもあり、0.60%を超えて含有すると、再結晶に必要な焼鈍温度が高温化するため、焼鈍コストの上昇を招くとともに不均一な金属組織に起因した延性の低下が生じる。さらに、Nbは熱間圧延荷重を増大させるため、過度に添加すると熱延板の製造が困難となる。そのため、Nb量は0.60%以下とする。好ましくは0.55%以下である。また、TiあるいはNbを含有すると、再結晶時の金属組織が不均一になり延性の低下が生じる。そのためTi%+Nb%は0.70%以下とする。好ましくは0.65以下である。上記の通り、Ti量、Nb量、Ti%+Nb%の全てが上限値以下でなければならない。
Cuは耐食性を向上させる元素であり、水溶液中や弱酸性の水滴が付着した場合の母材および溶接部の耐食性を向上させるのに特に有効な元素である。また、CuはNiと同様に強いオーステナイト生成元素であり、溶接部でのフェライト生成を抑制し、Cr炭窒化物の析出による鋭敏化を抑制する効果がある。これらの効果は0.01%以上含有することにより得られ、その効果はCu含有量が多いほど高くなる。しかし、0.80%を超えてCuを含有すると、熱間加工性が低下して表面欠陥を誘引するため好ましくない。さらには焼鈍後の脱スケールが困難となるため製造上好ましくない。そのため、含有する場合、Cu量は0.01%以上0.80%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは、0.10%以上0.60%以下の範囲である。さらに好ましくは0.30%以上0.45%以下の範囲である。
Moはステンレス鋼の耐食性を顕著に向上させる元素である。この効果は0.01%以上の含有によって得られ、その効果は含有量が多いほど向上する。しかし、Mo含有量が1.65%を超えると、熱間圧延時の圧延負荷が大きくなり製造性が低下するとともに、鋼板強度の過度な上昇が生じる。また、Moは高価な元素であることから、多量の添加は製造コストを増大させる。そのため、含有する場合、Mo量は0.01%以上1.65%以下とする。好ましくは0.10%以上1.40%以下の範囲である。特に熱延板靭性が低下するTi含有鋼ではMo添加によりさらに靭性が低下して熱延板焼鈍が困難になるので、Tiを0.15%以上含有している場合にはMo量は0.30%以上1.40%以下にするのが好ましい。より好ましくは0.4%以上1.00%以下の範囲である。
ZrはC、Nと結合して鋭敏化を抑制する効果がある。この効果は0.01%以上の含有により得られる。一方、0.20%を超えて含有すると加工性が顕著に低下するため好ましくない。そのため、含有する場合、Zr量は0.01%以上0.20%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは、0.01%以上0.10%以下の範囲とする。
REMは耐酸化性を向上させる効果があり、溶接部の酸化皮膜(溶接テンパーカラー)形成を抑制して酸化皮膜直下におけるCr欠乏領域の形成を抑制する。この効果を得るためには、REMを0.001%以上含有することが必要である。一方、0.100%を超えて含有すると冷延焼鈍時の酸洗性などの製造性を低下させるため好ましくない。そのため、含有する場合、REM量は0.001%以上0.100%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは、0.001%以上0.050%以下の範囲とする。
Coは靭性を向上させる元素である。この効果は0.01%以上の含有によって得られる。一方、含有量が0.20%を超えると加工性が低下する。そのため、含有する場合、Co量は0.01%以上0.20%以下の範囲とする。
Bは深絞り成形後の耐二次加工脆性を改善するために有効な元素である。この効果はBの含有量を0.0002%以上にすることで得られる。一方、0.0009%を超えてBを含有すると加工性と靭性が低下するので好ましくない。そのため、含有する場合、B量は0.0002%以上0.0009%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは0.0003%以上0.0006%以下の範囲である。
Mgはスラブの等軸晶率を向上させ、加工性や靭性の向上に有効な元素である。さらに、本発明のようにTiを含有している鋼においては、Ti炭窒化物が粗大化すると靭性が低下するが、MgはTi炭窒化物の粗大化を抑制する効果も有する。これらの効果は、0.0002%以上のMgを含有することで現れる。一方で、Mg量が0.0010%を超えると、鋼の表面性状を悪化させてしまう。したがって、含有する場合、Mg量は0.0002%以上0.0010%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは0.0002%以上0.0004%以下の範囲である。
Caは、連続鋳造の際に発生しやすいTi系介在物の晶出によるノズルの閉塞を防止するのに有効な成分である。その効果は0.0005%以上のCaを含有することで得られる。しかし、0.0020%を超えて含有するとCaSの生成により耐食性が低下する。従って、含有する場合、Ca量は0.0005%以上0.0020%以下の範囲とする。好ましくは0.0005%以上0.0015%以下の範囲である。さらに好ましくは0.0005%以上0.0010%以下の範囲である。
熱延板の25℃におけるシャルピー衝撃値が50J/cm2以上が合格、50J/cm2未満が不合格と判定した。
母材の孔食電位が120mV以上が合格、120mV未満が不合格と判定した。
錆が生じた面積が20%以下が合格、20%超えが不合格と判定した。
引張試験における破断伸びが25%以上が合格、25%未満が不合格と判定した。
20cm×40cmの冷延焼鈍酸洗板の表面を目視観察して、長さあるいは幅が5mm以上の表面欠陥(線状疵、白筋模様等)が3個以下の場合を合格、4個以上ある場合を不合格と判定した。
Claims (3)
- 質量%で、C:0.003%以上0.014%以下、N:0.005%以上0.016%以下、C%+N%:0.023%以下、Si:0.01%以上0.90%以下、Mn:0.01%以上0.50%以下、P:0.020%以上0.040%以下、S:0.008%以下、Al:0.001%以上0.090%以下、Cr:14.5%以上23.0%以下、Ni:0.10%以上0.60%以下、V:0.010%以上0.040%以下を含有し、
更に、Ti:0.15%以上0.34%以下、Ti%+Nb%≦0.70およびV%/(Ti%+0.5×Nb%):0.05~0.20を満足する範囲で、Tiを含有又はTi及びNbを含有する場合、およびNb:0.35%以上0.60%以下、Ti%+Nb%≦0.70およびV%/(Ti%+0.5×Nb%):0.05~0.20を満足する範囲でNbを含有又はNb及びTiを含有する場合の少なくとも一方を満足し、
残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなることを特徴とするフェライト系ステンレス鋼。なお、前記C%、前記N%、前記Ti%、前記Nb%、前記V%はそれぞれTi、Nb、Vの含有量(質量%)を表す。 - 質量%で、さらに、Cu:0.01%以上0.80%以下、Mo:0.01%以上1.65%以下の1種または2種を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
- 質量%で、さらに、Zr:0.01%以上0.20%以下、REM:0.001%以上0.100%以下、Co:0.01%以上0.20%以下、B:0.0002%以上0.0009%以下、Mg:0.0002%以上0.0010%以下、Ca:0.0005%以上0.0020%以下のうちから選ばれる1種または2種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載のフェライト系ステンレス鋼。
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| CN104109820A (zh) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-22 | 山东雅百特金属结构系统有限公司 | 一种新型金属屋面板材料 |
| JP2018016862A (ja) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | 耐浸炭性及び耐酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼板及びその製造方法 |
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- 2013-03-18 JP JP2013553687A patent/JP5590255B1/ja active Active
- 2013-03-18 MY MYPI2015700269A patent/MY195207A/en unknown
- 2013-03-18 KR KR1020157002655A patent/KR101673218B1/ko active Active
- 2013-03-18 CN CN201380041079.6A patent/CN104508168B/zh active Active
- 2013-03-18 WO PCT/JP2013/001821 patent/WO2014045476A1/ja not_active Ceased
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104109820A (zh) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-22 | 山东雅百特金属结构系统有限公司 | 一种新型金属屋面板材料 |
| JP2018016862A (ja) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | 耐浸炭性及び耐酸化性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼板及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104508168A (zh) | 2015-04-08 |
| KR20150029729A (ko) | 2015-03-18 |
| JP5556951B2 (ja) | 2014-07-23 |
| JP2014077202A (ja) | 2014-05-01 |
| JPWO2014045476A1 (ja) | 2016-08-18 |
| MY195207A (en) | 2023-01-11 |
| IN2015DN00368A (ja) | 2015-06-12 |
| JP5590255B1 (ja) | 2014-09-17 |
| CN104508168B (zh) | 2017-09-26 |
| KR101673218B1 (ko) | 2016-11-07 |
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