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WO2014044043A1 - 一种无刷线性旋转变压器 - Google Patents

一种无刷线性旋转变压器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014044043A1
WO2014044043A1 PCT/CN2013/073778 CN2013073778W WO2014044043A1 WO 2014044043 A1 WO2014044043 A1 WO 2014044043A1 CN 2013073778 W CN2013073778 W CN 2013073778W WO 2014044043 A1 WO2014044043 A1 WO 2014044043A1
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Prior art keywords
rotor
stator
rotary transformer
winding
coil winding
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PCT/CN2013/073778
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English (en)
French (fr)
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谭成忠
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Individual
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Priority to US14/427,637 priority Critical patent/US9587963B2/en
Publication of WO2014044043A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014044043A1/zh
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/18—Rotary transformers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/204—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils
    • G01D5/2073—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils by movement of a single coil with respect to two or more coils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/204—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils
    • G01D5/2046—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils by a movable ferromagnetic element, e.g. a core

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brushless linear rotary transformer, which is used for angular position sensing for multi-turn precision measurement of angular displacement and angular velocity of a rotating object. It has special application in electromechanical servo control system, and can also be used for coordinate transformation, trigonometry and angle. Data transmission, displacement measurement and vibration monitoring. Background technique
  • the resolver is widely used as an angular position sensor in motion servo control systems and is used as an angular position for sensing and measurement.
  • Conventional angular position sensing has photoelectric encoders, magnetic encoders and resolvers.
  • the photoelectric encoder converts the angular displacement of the shaft into a pulsed digital signal by photoelectric conversion.
  • the photoelectric encoder can be further divided into an incremental encoder and an absolute encoder.
  • the incremental encoder has a simple structure and can give information on the angular position in an incremental manner, but does not give information on the initial position.
  • the absolute encoder can directly output the absolute position information of the rotor, but the process is complicated.
  • the photoelectric encoder has the advantage of directly outputting digital signals and high precision, but the photoelectric encoder cannot be used in harsh environments, has poor impact resistance, and cannot be applied to high-speed rotation measurement. Since the photoelectric encoder outputs a pulsed photoelectric signal through discrete lithography of the turntable, the resolution is limited in form.
  • the magnetic encoder measures the angular displacement of the shaft by a change in the magnetic pole. Due to the low resolution and poor accuracy, the application of magnetic encoders is not as popular as photoelectric encoders and resolvers.
  • a resolver is an electromagnetic induction sensor that measures the angular displacement and angular velocity of a rotating object.
  • a conventional rotary transformer consists of a stator and a rotor. The stator winding acts as the primary side of the transformer and receives the excitation voltage. The rotor winding acts as the secondary side of the transformer, and the induced electromotive force is generated by the electromagnetic coupling at its two breaks.
  • the rotary transformer has a simple and reliable structure, which is especially suitable for harsh environments where other rotary encoders do not work properly.
  • the resolver is divided into two types: a drama and a brushless resolver.
  • a brushed resolver windings are embedded in both the stator and the rotor.
  • the electrical signal of the rotor winding is introduced or extracted by a slip ring on the rotor and a brush on the stator by sliding contact. Due to the presence of brushed structures, such rotary transformers are less reliable. Rotary transformers of this type are currently rarely used.
  • the brushless resolver has two structural forms, one is a toroidal transformer type brushless resolver, and the other is a reluctance resolver.
  • a toroidal transformer type toroidal resolver one winding is wound around the stator, and one winding is wound around the rotor and placed concentrically.
  • the toroidal transformer winding on the rotor is coupled to the rotor winding for signal transformation.
  • the input and output of the electrical signal is done by a toroidal transformer.
  • the field winding and the output winding of the reluctance resolver are embedded in the same set of stator slots.
  • the electrical signals of the two-phase windings change sinusoidally with the rotation angle and are out of phase with each other 9CT.
  • the shape of the rotor pole of a reluctance resolver must be specially designed to make the air gap magnetic field change sinusoidally.
  • the primary and secondary windings of a conventional resolver change with the angular displacement of the rotor.
  • the magnitude of the output voltage varies with the angular displacement of the rotor.
  • the voltage amplitude of the output winding and the rotor angle form a sine and cosine function. , or maintain a certain proportional relationship, or linear relationship with the corner within a certain range of corners.
  • the single-pole magnetic pole transformer has low accuracy. In order to improve the measurement accuracy, a plurality of pairs of magnetic poles are generally installed in a conventional resolver, and thus the structure is complicated.
  • the primary side signal output of a conventional resolver is a two-phase orthogonal analog signal whose amplitude varies positively with the corner.
  • AD2S i 200, AD2S 1205 from AD, USA 12-bit digital R/D converter with reference oscillator
  • AD2S 1210 10 to 16-bit digital, with reference oscillator Digital variable R/D converters, as well as the number of resolvers produced by the company, Lianyungang Jerry Electronics converter.
  • the invention provides a brushless linear rotary transformer which can overcome the limitations of the prior rotary transformer.
  • the new brushless linear rotary transformer has the characteristics of simple and reliable structure, good stability, strong electromagnetic interference resistance and strong impact resistance.
  • the new brushless linear resolver does not require a complicated demodulation sword circuit!
  • the dedicated set circuit can accurately measure the angular displacement and angular velocity of the rotating object at high speed and multi-turn, and can continuously follow the change of the angular displacement of the rotating shaft.
  • a brushless linear rotary transformer consists of a rotor, a stator, a primary coil winding, a secondary winding, a bearing, an excitation power supply, and a signal receiving and processing system; On one end of the stator body, one end of the rotor is disposed in the circular hole of the cylinder body, the axis of the primary coil winding is aligned with the axis of the rotor, and the other end of the rotor and the stator is connected by a bearing; the secondary side coil winding is embedded in the stator The inner side is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotor; the excitation current of the excitation power source generates an alternating magnetic field through the primary coil winding, and the alternating magnetic field passes through the air gap between the rotor and the stator to form a magnetic flux in the resolver, and The induced electromotive force is generated at both ends of the secondary coil winding, and the magnitude of the induced electromotive force is generated at both ends of the secondary coil wind
  • the rotor of the novel brushless linear resolver has an axisymmetric parallel cam shape or an axisymmetric multi-tooth cam shape; two or more rectangular secondary coil windings are evenly distributed and embedded in the inner side of the stator, and each two adjacent rectangular pairs An air gap of equal width is left between the windings of the side coils; the air gap is uniformly grooved on the inner side of the stator and parallel to the axial direction of the stator.
  • the rotor and stator are composed of a ferromagnetic material or a ferrite material. One end of the rotor and the stator form a low reluctance connection through a ferromagnetic material or a ferrite material.
  • the bearing connecting the rotor and the stator is made of a diamagnetic material or a paramagnetic material to form a high reluctance isolation between the rotor and the stator at the end.
  • the excitation power supply of the new brushless linear resolver is a low-voltage power supply formed by stepping down a common AC power supply of 50 Hz or 60 Hz, or an AC power supply formed by inverting a DC power supply.
  • the signal receiving processing system outputs the induced electromotive force of the secondary coil winding, or outputs the angular position, the number of revolutions, and the angular velocity of the rotor after data processing.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic flux loop in a novel brushless linear rotary transformer
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the linear relationship between the rotor position and the inductance of the secondary winding
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the parallel cam rotor and the four secondary coil windings of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the electromotive force and the rotor position of the four secondary coil windings corresponding to the structure of Figure 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the four-tooth cam rotor and the four secondary coil windings of the present invention.
  • the structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. It comprises a rotor 1, a stator 2, a primary coil winding 3, a secondary winding 4, a bearing 5, an excitation power supply 6, and a signal receiving processing system 7. Since the axes of the rotor 1 and the stator 2 coincide, the width of the air gap between the edge of the cam rotor 1 and the inner wall of the stator 2 is constant.
  • the alternating current of the excitation power source 6 generates an induced magnetic field in the axial direction of the rotor 1 through the primary coil winding 3.
  • the induced magnetic field forms a flux loop between the rotor 1 and the stator 2 through the air gap, as indicated by the arrows in FIG.
  • the secondary coil winding 4 is embedded in the inner side of the stator 2, and its normal direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotor.
  • the excitation magnetic field generates an induced electromotive force at both ends of the secondary coil winding.
  • the frequency of the induced electromotive force is equal to the frequency of the exciting current.
  • the magnitude of the inductance and the induced electromotive force of the secondary side coil winding is linear with the rotor position ⁇ .
  • the induced electromotive force at both ends of the secondary coil winding 4 is related to the shape of the cam rotor 1 and the number of secondary windings 4.
  • the angular velocity of the rotor rotation is equal to ⁇ versus time t Derivative, ie de/dt. Incremental integration of angular changes during rotation records the number of revolutions of the rotor.
  • the angular position, the number of revolutions, and the angular velocity parameters of the rotor can be determined by measuring and calculating the induced electromotive force at both ends of the secondary coil winding 4.
  • the primary and secondary windings of a conventional resolver change relative position with the angular displacement of the rotor.
  • the voltage amplitude of the output winding is sinusoidal and cosine-like.
  • complex demodulation circuits and application specific integrated circuits are required.
  • the invention provides a brushless linear rotary transformer which can overcome the limitations of the prior rotary transformer, and the magnitude of the induced electromotive force of the output winding is linear with the rotor rotation angle. Therefore, the conversion relationship between the amplitude of the electromotive force and the rotation angle is simple.
  • a parallel cam rotor and a four-side coil winding are used as a combined configuration of the present invention, and a positional relationship cross section is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the round angle of the cam rotor 1 is 90°.
  • Four identical secondary windings 4 are evenly distributed on the inside of the stator 2, the normal of which is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotor.
  • the opening angle of each winding is 90°.
  • the opening angles of the adjacent two secondary windings are 45° out of phase.
  • the center of each coil winding is symmetrically wound.
  • the four windings uniformly distributed in the clockwise direction from the secondary coil winding abed are respectively efgh, ijkm, nopq, and the electromotive forces at both ends thereof are represented by i ⁇ i ⁇ i ⁇ tu, respectively.
  • the electromotive force value satisfies the following relationship:
  • the linear relationship between the electromotive force and the rotor position ⁇ is shown in Fig. 5.
  • the sum of the amplitudes of the four groups of electromotive forces is a constant proportional to the voltage amplitude of the excitation power source.
  • the angular position, number of revolutions, and angular velocity parameters of the rotor can be determined by measuring the induced electromotive force across the windings of the secondary coil.
  • Embodiment 2 A four-tooth cam rotor and a four-side coil winding are another combined configuration of the present invention, and a positional relationship cross section is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the rounded corner angle of the cam rotor 1 is 45°.
  • each winding 4 is evenly spaced on the inside of the stator 2, normal to the axial direction of the rotor.
  • the opening angle of each winding is 45°.
  • An air gap of equal width is left between the windings of two adjacent rectangular secondary coils, and the air gap is uniformly grooved on the inner side of the stator and parallel to the axial direction of the stator.
  • the center of each coil winding is symmetrically wound.
  • the four windings that are evenly distributed in a clockwise direction are abed, efgh, ijkm, nopq.
  • the magnitude of the induced electromotive force at both ends of the coil winding is the smallest.
  • the sum of the amplitudes of the four groups of electromotive forces is a constant proportional to the voltage amplitude of the excitation power source.
  • the angular position, number of revolutions, and angular velocity parameters of the rotor can be determined by measuring the induced electromotive force across the windings of the secondary coil.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Description

说 明 书 一种无刷线性旋转变压器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种无刷线性旋转变压器， 作为角度位置传感用于多圈精密测量旋转物体的角 位移和角速度， 在机电伺服控制系统中具有特殊用途， 也可用于坐标变换、 三角运算和 角度数据传输、 位移测量和振动监测领域。 背景技术
旋转变压器作为角度位置传感器广泛用于运动伺服控制系统中， 用作为角度位置的传 感和测量。 传统角度位置传感有光电编码器、 磁性编码器和旋转变压器。 光电式编码器通 过光电转换将转轴的角位移转换成脉冲数字信号。 根据转盘的光刻方式及信号的输出形 式， 光电编码器又可分成增量式编码器和绝对式编码器。 增量式编码器结构简单， 能够以 增量的方式给出角度位置的信息， 但不能给出初始位置的信息。 绝对式编码器能够直接输 出转子的绝对位置信息， 但其工艺复杂。 光电编码器具有直接输出数字信号和高精度的优 点， 但光电编码器不能应用于恶劣环境， 抗冲击能力差， 而且不能应用于高速旋转测量。 由于光电编码器通过转盘离散的光刻输出脉冲光电信号， 因此形式上限制了分辨率的提 高。 磁性编码器通过磁极的变化来测量转轴的角位移。 由于分辨率低和精度较差， 磁性编 码器的应用没有光电编码器和旋转变压器普及。
旋转变压器是一种电磁感应式传感器， 用来测量旋转物体的转轴角位移和角速度。 常 规旋转变压器由定子和转子组成， 其中定子绕组作为变压器的原边， 接受励磁电压， 转子 绕组作为变压器的副边， 通过电磁耦合在其两断产生感应电动势。 旋转变压器结构简单可 靠， 特别适用其他旋转编码器无法正常工作的恶劣环境。
旋转变压器根据转子电信号引进和引出的方式， 分为有剧和无刷旋转变压器两种。 在 有刷旋转变压器中， 定子和转子上都嵌有绕组。 转子绕组的电信号， 通过滑动接触， 由转 子上的滑环和定子上的电刷引进或引出。 由于有刷结构的存在， 此类旋转变 ^器的可靠性 较差。 目前这种结构的旋转变压器已很少使用。
无刷旋转变压器有两种结构形式， 一种为环形变压器式无刷旋转变压器， 另一种为磁 阻式旋转变压器。 在环形变压器式无剧旋转变压器中， 一个绕組绕在定子上， 一个绕组绕 在转子上、 同心放置。 转子上的环形变压器绕组与作信号变换的转子绕组相联。 电信号的 输入和输出由环形变压器完成。 磁阻式旋转变压器的励磁绕组和输出绕组嵌在同一套定子 槽内。 两相绕组的电信号隨转角作正余弦变化、 彼此相位差 9CT 。 磁阻式旋转变压器的转 子磁极形状须特殊设计加工， 使得气隙磁场呈正弦变化。
常规旋转变压器的原边、副边绕组则随转子的角位移发生相对位置的改变， 其输 出电压的大小随转子角位移而发生变化，输出绕组的电压幅值与转子转角构成正弦、 余弦函数关系， 或保持某一比例关系， 或在一定转角范围内与转角成线性关系。 单对 磁极的旋转变压器精度低。 为了提高测量精度， 常规旋转变压器内一般装有多对磁极， 因此结构复杂。 常规旋转变压器的原边信号输出是两相正交的模拟信号， 它门的幅值随 着转角呈正佘弦变化。 为了获取角度和角速度信息， 需要设^复杂的解调制电路， 份格昂 贵, 而且计算复杂。 目前采用的大多都是专用集成电路. 例如美国 AD公司的 AD2S i 200、 AD2S 1205 带有参考振荡器的 12位数字 R/D变换器以及 AD2S 1210 10到 16位数字、 带有 参考振荡器的数字可变 R/D变换器，以及连云港杰瑞电子有¾公司生产的旋转变压器数字 转换器。 这些原因使常规旋转变压器的大规模应用受到限制 发明内容
本发明提供的一种无刷线性旋转变压器无可以克服现有旋转变压器的局限。新型无刷 线性旋转变压器具有结构简单可靠、 稳定性好、 抗电磁干扰和抗冲击能力强的特点。 新型 无刷线性旋转变压器无需复杂的解调劍电路 !专用集威电路， 能够高速多圈精密测量旋转 物体的转轴角位移和角速度， 并且能够连续跟随转轴角位移的变化。
本发明的目的是通过如下技术途径实现的： 一种无刷线性旋转变压器由转子、 定子、 原边线圈绕组、 副边线圈绕组、 轴承、 激磁电源和信号接受处理系统组成； 原边线圈绕组 固定于定子一端的筒体上， 转子的一端安置于筒体的圆孔内， 原边线圈绕组的轴线与转子 的轴线一致， 转子与定子的另外一端通过轴承连接； 副边线圈绕组嵌于定子的内侧， 其法 向垂直于转子的轴向； 激磁电源的激磁电流通过原边线圈绕组产生交变磁场， 交变磁场通 过转子与定子间的气隙使磁通在旋转变压器内形成环流， 并在副边线圈绕组的两端产生感 应电动势， 感应电动势的幅值与转子转角成线性关系； 信号接受处理系统采集和处理副边 线圈绕组的感应电动势信号并输出转子的角度位置、 转数和角速度参数。
新型无刷线性旋转变压器的转子呈轴对称的平行凸轮状或者轴对称的多齿凸轮状； 两 个或多个矩形副边线圈绕组均布并嵌于定子的内侧， 每两个相邻矩形副边线圈绕组之间留 有等宽的气隙； 气隙呈槽状均布于定子的内侧并且平行于定子的轴向。 转子和定子由铁磁 材料或者铁氧体材料构成。 转子和定子的一端通过铁磁材料或者铁氧体材料形成低磁阻连 接。 连接转子与定子的轴承由抗磁材料或者顺磁材料构成， 使该端的转子与定子之间形成 高磁阻隔离。
新型无刷线性旋转变压器的激磁电源为通过对 50赫兹或 60赫兹的普通交流电源降压 后形成的低压电源， 或者通过直流电源逆变后形成的交流电源。 信号接受处理系统输出副 边线圈绕组的感应电动势， 或者经数据处理后输出转子的角度位置、 转数和角速度参数。 附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的目的和实现途径作进一步详细说明：
图 1为本发明的结构示意图；
图 2为新型无刷线性旋转变压器内的磁通环路示意图；
图 3为转子位置与副边线圈绕组电感的线性关系示意图；
图 4为本发明的平行凸轮状转子与四副边线圈绕组位置关系剖面图；
图 5为对应于图 4结构的四副边线圈绕组两端电动势与转子位置关系图;
图 6为本发明的四齿凸轮状转子与四副边线圈绕组位置关系剖面图。 本发明的结构如图 1所示。它包括转子 1、定子 2、原边线圈绕组 3、副边线圈绕组 4、 轴承 5、 激磁电源 6和信号接受处理系统 7。 由于转子 1和定子 2轴线一致， 因此凸轮转 子 1的边缘和定子 2内壁间的气隙宽度为一常数。 激磁电源 6的交变电流通过原边线圈绕 组 3在转子 1的轴向产生感应磁场。感应磁场通过气隙在转子 1和定子 2间形成磁通环路， 如图 2中的箭头所示。 副边线圈绕组 4嵌于定子 2的内侧， 其法向垂直于转子的轴向。 激 励磁场在副边线圈绕组的两端产生感应电动势。 感应电动势的频率与激磁电流的频率相 等。 设凸轮转子 1的一对称方向 A-A与副边线圈绕组 abed的外法线 n的夹角为 θ， 如图 3 所示。 由于凸轮转子 1的圆边和定子 2内壁间的气隙宽度为一常数， 因此副边线圈绕组的 电感和感应电动势的幅值与转子位置 Θ呈线性关系。 副边线圈绕组 4两端的感应电动势与 凸轮转子 1的形状以及副边线圈绕组 4的数量有关。 转子旋转的角速度等于 Θ对时间 t的 导数， 即 de/dt。 对旋转过程中角度变化的增量积分可记录转子的转数。 通过测量和计算处 理副边线圈绕组 4两端的感应电动势即可确定转子的角度位置、 转数和角速度参数。
常规旋转变压器的原边、副边绕组则随转子的角位移发生相对位置的改变， 输出 绕组的电压幅值与转子转角成正弦、 余弦函数关系。 为了获取角度和角速度信息， 需 要设计复杂的解调制电路及专用集成电路。 本发明提供的一种无刷线性旋转变压器无可以 克服现有旋转变压器的局限， 输出绕组的感应电动势的幅值与转子转角为线性关系。 因 此电动势幅值与转角之间的转换关系简单。 具体实施方式 实施例 平行凸轮状转子与四副边线圈绕组作为本发明的一种组合构型， 其位置关系剖面如图 4所示。 凸轮转子 1的圆边张角为 90°。 四个等同的副边线圈绕组 4均布于定子 2的内侧， 其法向垂直于转子的轴向。每个绕组的张角为 90°。相邻两个副边线圈绕组的张角相错 45°。 每一线圈绕组中心对称绕制。 两个相邻矩形副边线圈绕组之间留有等宽的气隙； 气隙呈槽 状均布于定子的内侧并且平行于定子的轴向。 当凸轮转子的圆边张角与某一副边线圈绕组 的张角重合时， 该线圈绕组两端的感应电动势幅值最大。 当凸轮转子圆边对称轴向与某一 副边线圈绕组的法向垂直时， 该线圈绕组两端的感应电动势幅值最小。 设凸轮转子的圆边 对称方向与副边线圈绕组的法线的夹角为 θ， 如图 3所示。在图 4中， 从副边线圈绕组 abed 为参考沿顺时针方向均布的四个绕组分别为 efgh， ijkm, nopq, 其两端的电动势分别用 i^ i^ i^ tu表示。 电动势值满足如下关系式：
Figure imgf000005_0001
Figure imgf000005_0002
Figure imgf000006_0001
电动势与转子位置 Θ的线性关系如图 5所示。 四组电动势幅值之和为一常数， 正比于 激磁电源的电压幅值。 通过测量副边线圈绕组两端的感应电动势即可确定转子的角度位 置、 转数和角速度参数。 实施例二 四齿凸轮状转子与四副边线圈绕组作为本发明的另一种组合构型， 其位置关系剖面如 图 6所示。 凸轮转子 1的圆边张角为 45°。 四个等同的副边线圈绕组 4相邻均布于定子 2 的内侧， 其法向垂直于转子的轴向。 每个绕组的张角为 45°。 两个相邻矩形副边线圈绕组 之间留有等宽的气隙， 气隙呈槽状均布于定子的内侧并且平行于定子的轴向。 每一线圈绕 组中心对称绕制。 沿顺时针方向均布的四个绕组分别为 abed, efgh, ijkm, nopq。 当凸轮 转子 1的圆边张角与某一副边线圈绕组的张角重合时， 该线圈绕组两端的感应电动势幅值 最大。 当凸轮转子圆边对称轴向与某一副边线圈绕组的法向垂直时， 该线圈绕组两端的感 应电动势幅值最小。 四组电动势幅值之和为一常数， 正比于激磁电源的电压幅值。 通过测 量副边线圈绕组两端的感应电动势即可确定转子的角度位置、 转数和角速度参数。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种无刷线性旋转变压器， 其特征为： 旋转变压器由转子（1)、 定子 (2)、 原边线圈 绕组 (3)、 副边线圈绕组 (4)、 轴承 (5)、 激磁电源 (6)和信号接受处理系统 (7)组成; 原边线圈绕组 (3)绕于定子 (2)—端的筒体上， 转子（1)的一端安置于筒体的圆孔内， 原边线圈绕组 (3)的轴线与转子（1) 的轴线一致， 转子（1)与定子 (2)的另外一端通 过轴承 (5)连接； 副边线圈绕组 (4)嵌于定子 (2)的内侧， 其法向垂直于转子（1)的轴 向； 激磁电源（6)的激磁电流通过原边线圈绕组（3)产生交变磁场， 交变磁场通过转 子（1)与定子（2)间的气隙使磁通在旋转变压器内形成环流， 并在副边线圈绕组 (4) 的两端产生感应电动势； 信号接受处理系统 (7)采集和处理副边线圈绕组 (4)的感应 电动势信号并输出转子（1)的角度位置、 转数和角速度参数。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的一种无刷线性旋转变压器， 其特征为： 转子（1)呈轴对称的平 行凸轮状或者轴对称的多齿凸轮状。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的一种无刷线性旋转变压器， 其特征为： 两个或多个矩形副边线 圈绕组 (4)均布并嵌于定子 (2)的内侧， 每两个相邻矩形副边线圈绕组 (4)之间留有 等宽的气隙； 气隙呈槽状均布于定子 (2)的内侧并且平行于定子 (2)的轴向。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的一种无刷线性旋转变压器， 其特征为： 所述转子（1)和定子 (2) 由铁磁材料或者铁氧体材料构成。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的一种无刷线性旋转变压器， 其特征为： 连接转子（1)与定子 (2) 的轴承（5)由抗磁材料或者顺磁材料构成， 使该断的转子（1)与定子 (2)之间形成高 磁阻隔离。
6. 如权利要求 1 所述的一种无刷线性旋转变压器， 其特征为： 激磁电源 (6)为通过对 50赫兹或 60赫兹的普通交流电源降压后形成的低压电源， 或者通过直流电源逆变 后形成的交流电源。
7. 如权利要求 1 所述的一种无刷线性旋转变压器， 其特征为： 信号接受处理系统 (7) 输出副边线圈绕组 (4)的感应电动势， 或经数据处理后输出转子（1)的角度位置、 转 数和角速度参数。
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