WO2013105612A1 - 血中の目的細胞の定量方法および該細胞を定量するシステムの評価方法 - Google Patents
血中の目的細胞の定量方法および該細胞を定量するシステムの評価方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013105612A1 WO2013105612A1 PCT/JP2013/050329 JP2013050329W WO2013105612A1 WO 2013105612 A1 WO2013105612 A1 WO 2013105612A1 JP 2013050329 W JP2013050329 W JP 2013050329W WO 2013105612 A1 WO2013105612 A1 WO 2013105612A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
- G01N33/56966—Animal cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
- C12Q1/06—Quantitative determination
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4077—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/04—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions
- G01N15/05—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions in blood
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4077—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
- G01N2001/4083—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids sedimentation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/01—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials specially adapted for biological cells, e.g. blood cells
- G01N2015/011—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials specially adapted for biological cells, e.g. blood cells with lysing, e.g. of erythrocytes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/04—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions
- G01N15/042—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions by centrifuging and investigating centrifugates
- G01N2015/045—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions by centrifuging and investigating centrifugates by optical analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
- G01N2015/1486—Counting the particles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for quantifying target cells such as circulating cancer cells [CTC] in the blood that may be contained in a blood-derived specimen, a method for evaluating the authenticity of a system for quantifying the target cells, and these quantifications.
- the present invention relates to a kit used for each of the method and the evaluation method.
- Circulating cancer cells in the blood [CTC], circulating stem cells, circulating endothelial cells, etc. are cells that are very rarely present in whole blood depending on the pathological condition. Although it is obvious that the detection of these rare cells is clinically useful, it is still difficult to detect all the rare cells from a whole blood sample.
- the separation medium containing Ficoll or the like varies in density depending on the surrounding environment (for example, temperature), and may not be separated as expected and impair the reliability of the detection result. Further, in processes other than separation, there is a risk that reliability may be lowered due to an error in measurement of the number of rare cells due to overestimation of the number of rare cells due to loss and oversight of adjustment due to deterioration of the detection device over time.
- the stabilized cells described in Patent Document 1 as an internal control in a method for isolating and identifying rare cells.
- these stabilized cells can be produced, for example, by fixing the breast cancer cell line SKBR-3 with paraformaldehyde after fluorescent labeling.
- the stabilized cells for internal control may be unable to be separated as expected due to a large deviation from the specific gravity distribution of the rare cells because the living cells are specially treated.
- target cells such as circulating blood cancer cells [CTC] that may be contained in a blood-derived specimen are separated from the blood-derived specimen and quantified, the period between immediately after blood collection and until separation. Enables accurate quantification without quantifying the number of cells because the target cell was lost in the process, or because the adjustment of the device that detects the target cell is not accurate.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for quantifying a target cell and a method for evaluating a quantifying system.
- the present inventors separate target cells (for example, CTC) that may be contained from blood-derived specimens by density gradient centrifugation using a separation liquid having a specific gravity (for example, Ficoll having a specific gravity of 1.077).
- a separation liquid having a specific gravity for example, Ficoll having a specific gravity of 1.077.
- the quantification method of the present invention is a method for quantifying a target cell having a specific gravity greater than the specific gravity of plasma but smaller than the specific gravity of erythrocytes, which may be contained in a blood-derived specimen. It includes the steps (C) to (C).
- a blood-derived specimen containing a known number (P 0) of resin particles P having a specific gravity greater than that of plasma but less than that of red blood cells is analyzed by density gradient centrifugation and a layer containing a large amount of red blood cells and red blood cells Separating at least two layers with a layer rich in cells other than (B) extracting a layer containing many cells other than erythrocytes and measuring the number of the target cells and the number of the resin particles (P1) contained in the layer; and (C) the number of the target cells. Calibrating the number of target cells by multiplying by P0 / P1.
- the resin particles P are preferably formed from a water-insoluble resin and labeled with an optically detectable dye Da.
- the resin particles P preferably have a specific gravity of 1.040 to 1.085, more preferably 1.040 to 1.077.
- the target cell is preferably at least one rare cell selected from the group consisting of circulating tumor cells [CTC], circulating stem cells, and circulating endothelial cells.
- CTC circulating tumor cells
- stem cells circulating stem cells
- endothelial cells circulating endothelial cells
- the evaluation method of the present invention is a method for evaluating the credibility of a system for quantifying target cells having a specific gravity greater than that of plasma but less than that of red blood cells, which may be contained in a blood-derived specimen.
- the method includes the following steps (a) to (d).
- (a) Contains a known number (P0) of resin particles P having a specific gravity greater than that of plasma but less than that of red blood cells, and a known number (N0) of resin particles N having a specific gravity of 1.090 to 1.120. Separating the blood-derived specimen into at least two layers of a layer containing a large amount of red blood cells and a layer containing a large amount of cells other than red blood cells by density gradient centrifugation; (b) extracting a layer containing many cells other than erythrocytes and measuring the number of resin particles P (P1) and the number of resin particles N (N1) contained in the layer; (c) calculating (P1 / P0) ⁇ 100 and comparing with a predetermined reference value to evaluate how well the entire system functions; and (d) calculating N1 / P1; A step of comparing with a predetermined reference value and evaluating how much the layers are separated by the density gradient centrifugation.
- the resin particles P and the target cells can be the same as the resin particles P and the target cells in the quantification method of the present invention.
- the resin particles N are preferably formed of a water-insoluble resin and labeled with an optically detectable dye Db having a different emission wavelength from the optically detectable dye Da.
- the evaluation method of the present invention is (e) Preferably, the method further includes a step of measuring a light emission signal derived from the P1 resin particles P or N1 resin particles N and calibrating the light emission signal detection device.
- kits of the present invention A known number of the resin particles P, a kit for use in the quantification method of the present invention, and It has a known number of each of the resin particles P and the resin particles N, and includes a kit for use in the evaluation method of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a blood-derived specimen before and after applying a density gradient centrifugation method.
- the quantification method of the present invention is a method for quantifying a target cell having a specific gravity greater than that of plasma but less than that of erythrocytes, which may be contained in a blood-derived specimen, and comprises the following (A) to (A): C) is included.
- a blood-derived specimen containing a known number (P 0) of resin particles P having a specific gravity greater than that of plasma but less than that of red blood cells is analyzed by density gradient centrifugation and a layer containing a large amount of red blood cells and red blood cells Separating at least two layers with a layer rich in cells other than (B) extracting a layer containing many cells other than erythrocytes and measuring the number of the target cells and the number of the resin particles (P1) contained in the layer; and (C) the number of the target cells. Calibrating the number of target cells by multiplying by P0 / P1.
- the “target cell” refers to a cell to be quantified by the quantification method according to the present invention.
- step (A) a blood-derived specimen containing a known number (P 0) of resin particles P having a specific gravity larger than that of plasma but smaller than that of red blood cells contains a large amount of red blood cells by density gradient centrifugation.
- P 0 a known number of resin particles P having a specific gravity larger than that of plasma but smaller than that of red blood cells.
- the resin particle P functions as an internal standard of the target cell, as will be described later in the section “Resin Particle P”.
- a blood-derived specimen (2) containing P0 resin particles P (3) having a specific gravity larger than that of plasma but smaller than that of red blood cells.
- P0 for example, 10 in FIG. 1
- resin particles P (3) having a specific gravity larger than that of plasma but smaller than that of red blood cells when density gradient centrifugation is carried out using the specific gravity solution (1), the layer containing a large amount of red blood cells, one of the cells with the highest specific gravity (4) ) And a layer (5) containing many cells other than red blood cells.
- examples of “cells other than red blood cells” include target cells such as platelets, white blood cells, and CTCs.
- the density gradient centrifugation method used in the present invention those described in the section of “Density Gradient Centrifugation” can be used, and as the specific gravity liquid (1), “Density Gradient Centrifugation” described below.
- the separation liquid or the separation medium described in the section can be used.
- Step (A) is performed by placing a blood-derived specimen (2) containing a known number (P0) of resin particles P (3) having a specific gravity smaller than that of erythrocytes and performing centrifugation on this. It can be performed.
- the contents of the centrifuge tube are divided into a layer (4) containing a large amount of red blood cells, a specific gravity liquid (1), red blood cells, depending on the density gradient, as shown in the right half of FIG. It is separated into a layer (5) containing many cells other than.
- Step (B) is a step of extracting a layer containing many cells other than red blood cells and measuring the number of target cells and the number of resin particles P (P1) contained in this layer.
- the number of resin particles P (P1) as well as the number of target cells is measured by the resin particles P added to the blood-derived specimen. Based on the ratio of the number of resin particles P (P1) confirmed in the “layer containing many cells other than red blood cells” to the number (P1), it may be contained in the blood-derived specimen This is to estimate the number of target cells having sex.
- step (B) “target layer (5) containing many cells other than erythrocytes” is extracted from the target cells that may be contained in the blood-derived specimen (2).
- the layer (5) contains P1 resin particles P (3) (for example, 8 particles in FIG. 1).
- Step (C) is a step of calibrating the number of target cells by multiplying the number of target cells measured in step (B) by P0 / P1.
- the target cell is contained in the “layer (5) containing many cells other than red blood cells” obtained by applying density gradient centrifugation to a blood-derived specimen containing T0 target cells plus P0 resin particles P.
- the ratio of T1 to T0 and the ratio of P1 to P0 are equal to each other.
- T1 / T0 P1 / P0 It can be considered that the relationship is satisfied.
- the number of target cells contained in the blood-derived specimen (2) can be quantified more accurately by calibrating the number of target cells contained in the layer (5).
- the specific gravity of the resin particles P is preferably close to the specific gravity of the target cell, and more preferably equal to the specific gravity of the target cell, based on the principle of using density gradient centrifugation.
- each component in the blood-derived specimen is separated according to its specific gravity. Therefore, in the present invention, the closer the specific gravity of the resin particles P is to the specific gravity of the target cell, the closer to the target cell. It becomes possible to carry out quantitative determination of this more accurately.
- the specific gravity of the specific gravity liquid is preferably larger than the specific gravity of the resin particles P and the target cells and smaller than the specific gravity of the red blood cells so that the resin particles P and the target cells can be sufficiently separated from the red blood cells.
- blood-derived specimens used in the present invention include blood itself and other body fluids or those diluted with an appropriate buffer solution (that is, body fluid or diluted body fluid), tissue-derived cells, cultured cells, and the like. Examples include turbid liquids.
- preferable “blood-derived specimens” include blood and those diluted with an appropriate diluent commonly used in the field of the present invention, such as a buffer solution, that is, blood and diluted blood.
- Target cells that may be contained in blood-derived specimens to be quantified in the present invention are larger than the specific gravity of plasma (1.025 to 1.029) but smaller than the specific gravity of red blood cells (1.090 to 1.120).
- a “target cell” is preferably at least one kind of rare cell selected from the group consisting of circulating tumor cells [CTC], circulating stem cells and circulating endothelial cells, and particularly preferably CTC. .
- the resin particles P used in the present invention are used as an internal control for target cells, and have a specific gravity greater than that of plasma but less than that of red blood cells, preferably 1.040 or more and 1.085 or less, more preferably 1.040 or more and 1.077 or less. Has a specific gravity. Alternatively, it preferably has a specific gravity of 1.040 or more and a specific gravity of a separation medium used in density gradient centrifugation.
- the resin particles P have a substantially spherical shape that is not less than a size that can maintain a suspended state in a blood-derived specimen and is not more than about 100 ⁇ m, and specifically has an average particle size of about 0.2 to 20 ⁇ m. It is preferable.
- the resin particles P are preferably formed from a water-insoluble resin and have a property of not forming an aggregate.
- a resin examples include polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl toluene, and polyacrylate, but the present invention is not limited to these.
- the resin particles P are preferably labeled with an optically detectable dye Da so that the number can be easily measured in the step (B) and the following step (b) in the evaluation method described later.
- the dye Da used sometimes is more preferably a fluorescent dye.
- the labeling with the dye Da may be carried out in a mode in which it is bound or adhered to the particle surface, or may be carried out in a mode in which it is kneaded inside the particle.
- the number of the resin particles P may be detected by autofluorescence of the resin itself without labeling with the dye Da. In such a case, the dye Da need not be introduced.
- fluorescent dye Da examples include various fluorescent dyes described in JP 2010-169519 A, such as fluorescein fluorescent dyes, rhodamine fluorescent dyes, cyanine fluorescent dyes, quinoxaline fluorescent dyes, other synthetic fluorescent dyes,
- porphyrin pigments and phycobilin pigments which are pigments derived from living bodies are also included.
- phycoerythrin (PE) is mentioned as an example of a phycobilin pigment.
- the resin particles P using a water-insoluble resin or a resin emitting autofluorescence can be manufactured using various known methods.
- resin particles P commercially available products such as polystyrene particles (specific gravity 1.050; average particle diameter 20 ⁇ m) manufactured by Spherotech can be used, and if the specific gravity can be adjusted, JP-A-4-252957
- the fluorescent microparticles described in 1) can also be used.
- a conventional density gradient centrifugation method of the present invention can be used as appropriate.
- the separation liquid or the separation medium used in the density gradient centrifugation include commercially available Ficoll, Percoll (both are registered trademarks of GE Healthcare Japan Co., Ltd.) or sucrose solution.
- the separation liquid or the separation medium has a specific gravity capable of separating the red blood cells contained in the cell and other cells and can be adjusted to an osmotic pressure and pH without destroying the cells, the present invention is limited to these. Not.
- two or more kinds of separation liquids or separation media having different specific gravities can be used in combination.
- suitable dyes that can be used for labeling target cells include various fluorescent dyes in the above-mentioned section “Resin Particle P”.
- the excitation wavelength may be the same as long as the emission wavelength of the dye used for labeling the resin particle P or the fluorescence of the resin particle P itself and the dye used for labeling the target cell are different from each other, Or they may be different from each other.
- Suitable methods include labeling using an antigen-antibody reaction with an antibody labeled with an appropriate dye. A method is mentioned.
- a dye having a reactive functional group capable of binding to the functional group is used as the dye.
- the dye may be introduced into the target cell through various chemical bonds such as a covalent bond and a hydrogen bond.
- the target cell number can be measured based on the fluorescence of the target cell itself without labeling the target cell with a dye. Good.
- a method for measuring the number of target cells various conventionally known methods can be used.
- a preferred example of such a method is a method in which a liquid containing a target cell or the like is spread on a plane, the plane is scanned two-dimensionally to detect and count fluorescence derived from the target cell.
- Such a method may be a method of counting under a fluorescence microscope.
- a liquid containing target cells is spread on an appropriate plane such as a dish for cell culture, and this plane is scanned two-dimensionally.
- the fluorescence derived from the target cell can be counted.
- the measurement of the number of target cells is not limited to that performed by a method of counting under a fluorescence microscope.
- an appropriate photoelectric conversion element such as a photomultiplier tube is scanned two-dimensionally on the plane irradiated with appropriate excitation light, and the location of the target cell is evaluated based on the intensity and position of fluorescence.
- the number of target cells may be measured based on the above.
- a fluorescent image is obtained by photographing the plane irradiated with appropriate excitation light through a conventionally known image sensor in which a plurality of image sensors are arranged in a row or two-dimensionally.
- the number of target cells may be measured by counting the number of distributed fluorescence.
- the number of target cells can be measured by the method.
- the emission wavelength of the dye used for labeling the resin particle P or the fluorescence of the resin particle P itself, the dye used for labeling the resin particle N or the resin particle N itself, and the dye used for labeling the target cell are the same.
- the excitation wavelengths may be the same or different from each other.
- the measurement of the number of target cells, the measurement of the number of resin particles P, and the measurement of the number of resin particles N may be performed simultaneously or separately.
- the means for performing these measurements may be the same or may be different from each other.
- these measurements may all be performed using excitation light having the same wavelength.
- excitation light having different wavelengths may be used.
- the evaluation method of the present invention is a method for evaluating the credibility of a system for quantifying target cells having a specific gravity greater than that of plasma but less than that of red blood cells, which may be contained in a blood-derived specimen.
- the method includes the following steps (a) to (d).
- (a) Contains a known number (P0) of resin particles P having a specific gravity greater than that of plasma but less than that of red blood cells, and a known number (N0) of resin particles N having a specific gravity of 1.090 to 1.120. Separating the blood-derived specimen into at least two layers of a layer containing a large amount of red blood cells and a layer containing a large amount of cells other than red blood cells by density gradient centrifugation; (b) extracting a layer containing many cells other than erythrocytes and measuring the number of resin particles P (P1) and the number of resin particles N (N1) contained in the layer; (c) calculating (P1 / P0) ⁇ 100 and comparing with a predetermined reference value to evaluate how well the entire system functions; and (d) calculating N1 / P1; A step of comparing with a predetermined reference value and evaluating how much the layers are separated by the density gradient centrifugation.
- the evaluation method of the present invention is: (e) It is preferable to further include a step of measuring a light emission signal derived from P1 resin particles P or N1 resin particles N and calibrating the light emission signal detection device.
- the “target cell” refers to a cell to be quantified by the “quantitative system” to be evaluated by the evaluation method of the present invention.
- the resin particles N used in the present invention are used as an internal control of red blood cells, and have a specific gravity similar to that of red blood cells, that is, a specific gravity of 1.090 or more and 1.120 or less.
- the resin particle N is preferably an optically detectable dye Db having a different emission wavelength from the optically detectable dye Da, and more preferably an optical having a different emission wavelength from the optically detectable dye Da. It is labeled with a fluorescent dye Db that can be detected.
- the mode of labeling is the same as that of the resin particle P described above.
- Examples of the fluorescent dye that can be used as the fluorescent dye Db include the same fluorescent dyes as those described above as the fluorescent dye Da.
- the resin particles N are not less than a size that can maintain a suspended state in a blood-derived specimen and not more than about 100 ⁇ m, and specifically, an average particle diameter is preferably about 0.2 to 20 ⁇ m.
- resin particles N commercially available products such as cross-linked polybutyl methacrylate true spherical fine particles (BM30X-5; specific gravity 1.100; average particle size 5 ⁇ m) manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd. can be used. If the specific gravity can be set to 1.090 or more and 1.120 or less, fluorescent fine particles described in JP-A-4-252957 can also be used.
- BM30X-5 cross-linked polybutyl methacrylate true spherical fine particles
- specific gravity can be set to 1.090 or more and 1.120 or less
- fluorescent fine particles described in JP-A-4-252957 can also be used.
- Step (a) In the step (a), a known number of resin particles P having a specific gravity greater than the specific gravity of plasma but smaller than the specific gravity of red blood cells (P0) and a known number of resin particles N having a specific gravity of 1.090 to 1.120 (N0).
- This is a step of separating the contained blood-derived specimen into at least two layers of a layer containing a large amount of red blood cells and a layer containing a lot of cells other than red blood cells by density gradient centrifugation.
- this step (a) a blood-derived specimen to which density gradient centrifugation is applied is added to a known number (P0) of resin particles P having a specific gravity greater than that of plasma but less than that of red blood cells. Further, it can be carried out by the same method as in the step (A) except that a known number (N0) of resin particles N having a specific gravity of 1.090 or more and 1.120 or less are added.
- Step (b) is a step of extracting a layer containing many cells other than erythrocytes and measuring the number of resin particles P (P1) and the number of resin particles N (N1) contained in the layer. It is.
- the measurement of the number of resin particles P and the number of resin particles N in this step (b) is the same as that described in the above section “Method for measuring the number of target cells or resin particles”. It can be done by a method.
- step (b) measurement of the number of target cells may also be performed, and the measurement of the number of target cells at this time is also performed according to the above-mentioned method for measuring the number of target cells or the number of resin particles. It can carry out by the method similar to what was described in the term.
- the “predetermined reference value” in step (c) can be appropriately set according to the system and is not particularly limited, but can be set as follows, for example.
- Step (d) is a step of calculating N1 / P1 and comparing it with a predetermined reference value to evaluate how much the layers are separated by density gradient centrifugation.
- the step (e) that can be optionally performed in the present invention is a step of measuring a luminescence signal derived from P1 resin particles P or N1 resin particles N and calibrating the luminescence signal detector.
- the number of resin particles P or N (P1 or N1) can be measured by a flow cytometry method.
- the measurement of the number of resin particles P or N in the step (e) is not limited to the flow cytometry method as long as the amount of luminescence can be measured. You may carry out by the said two-dimensional method as described in the term of the method of measuring the number or the number of resin particles.
- the evaluation method of the present invention preferably further includes this step (e).
- a kit for use in the quantification method of the present invention has a known number of the resin particles P, and a kit for use in the evaluation method of the present invention comprises the resin particles P and the resin particles N. Each of them has a known number.
- kits include, in addition to the resin particles P or the resin particles P and the resin particles N, for example, a diluent, a buffer solution, and a density for diluting blood used in the quantification method and the evaluation method of the present invention.
- a diluent for example, a diluent, a buffer solution, and a density for diluting blood used in the quantification method and the evaluation method of the present invention.
- Separation media used in gradient centrifugation antibodies bound with fluorescent dyes for fluorescent labeling of target cells, as well as instruction manuals, flow cytometers and fluorescence microscopes, for processing numerical values obtained using these instruments Computers can also be included.
- predetermined reference value In the following examples, the “predetermined reference value” is defined as follows.
- step (c) 90-100%: The system is functioning well.
- step (d) Less than 0.005: Isolation by density gradient centrifugation has no major problems.
- FICP-80-2 manufactured by Spherotech specific gravity: 1.050
- FITC fluorescein isothiocyanate
- PE-labeled antibody Anti EpCAM (Becton Dickinson) was added, and only the cultured cells were stained with PE.
- the fluorescence signal is measured by suspending the suspension in a 35 mm cell culture dish, allowing it to stand for several minutes, and then fluorescing the entire dish using a fluorescence inverted microscope (carl zeiss Observer D1). This was done by taking an image and determining the number of beads.
- Extract about 1.2 mL of supernatant containing cultured cells, further centrifuge at 400 ⁇ g for 40 minutes, reduce the volume to 1 mL, collect 1/10 volume ( 100 ⁇ L) of the cell culture dish Developed on a plane.
- Comparative Example 1 In Comparative Example 1, CTC was quantified using stabilized cells as an internal reference instead of the resin particles P.
- Example 1 100 mL of cultured cells similar to Example 1 as a CTC model and 100 mL of cultured cells similar to Example 1 subjected to special treatment (paraformaldehyde treatment and FITC staining) as internal control particles 2 mL of whole blood After adding and mixing, density gradient centrifugation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.
- special treatment paraformaldehyde treatment and FITC staining
- the supernatant containing cultured cells was extracted, spread on a flat surface, and a fluorescent dye (Alexa Fluor 647) was added to stain only the cultured cells.
- 20 FITC labels ie, density gradient
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Description
(B) 赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層を抽出し、該層に含まれる該目的細胞の数および該樹脂粒子の数(P1個)を計測する工程;ならびに
(C) 該目的細胞の数にP0/P1を乗じることによって、該目的細胞の数を校正する工程。
(b) 赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層を抽出し、該層に含まれる該樹脂粒子Pの数(P1個)と該樹脂粒子Nの数(N1個)とを計測する工程;
(c) (P1/P0)×100を算出して、所定の基準値と比較し、該システム全体がどの程度機能しているかを評価する工程;ならびに
(d) N1/P1を算出して、所定の基準値と比較し、該密度勾配遠心法によりどの程度層が分離しているかを評価する工程。
(e) P1個の該樹脂粒子PまたはN1個の該樹脂粒子Nに由来する発光シグナルを測定し、発光シグナル検出機器を校正する工程
をさらに含んでいることが好ましい。
上記樹脂粒子Pを既知数個有することを特徴とし、本発明の定量方法に用いるためのキット、および、
上記樹脂粒子Pと上記樹脂粒子Nとをそれぞれ既知数個ずつ有することを特徴とし、本発明の評価方法に用いるためのキット
が挙げられる。
本発明の定量方法は、血液由来検体に含有されている可能性のある、血漿の比重より大きいが赤血球の比重より小さい比重を有する目的細胞を定量する方法であって、下記(A)~(C)の工程を含むことを特徴とする。
(B) 赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層を抽出し、該層に含まれる該目的細胞の数および該樹脂粒子の数(P1個)を計測する工程;ならびに
(C) 該目的細胞の数にP0/P1を乗じることによって、該目的細胞の数を校正する工程。
工程(A)は、血漿の比重より大きいが赤血球の比重より小さい比重を有する樹脂粒子Pを既知数個(P0個)含有させた血液由来検体を、密度勾配遠心法により、赤血球が多く含まれる層と赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層との少なくとも二層に分離する工程である。ここで、本発明において、樹脂粒子Pは、後記「樹脂粒子P」の項で後述するように、目的細胞の内部標準として機能する。
工程(B)は、赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層を抽出し、この層に含まれる目的細胞の数および樹脂粒子Pの数(P1個)を計測する工程である。
工程(C)は、工程(B)によって計測された目的細胞の数にP0/P1を乗じることによって、該目的細胞の数を校正する工程である。
T1/T0=P1/P0
の関係を満たすと見なすことができる。そうすると、血液由来検体に含有されていた目的細胞の数T0を、
T0=T1×(P0/P1)
と算出することができる。
本発明で用いる血液由来検体としては、例えば、血液そのものやその他の体液もしくはこれらを適切な緩衝液等で希釈したもの(すなわち、体液もしくは希釈体液)、または組織由来の細胞や培養細胞等が懸濁した液などが挙げられる。これらのうち、好ましい「血液由来検体」として、血液、および本発明の分野において常用される適当な希釈液、例えば緩衝液など、によって血液を希釈したもの、すなわち、血液および希釈血液が挙げられる。
本発明で用いる樹脂粒子Pは、目的細胞の内部対照として用いるものであり、血漿の比重より大きいが赤血球の比重より小さい比重、好ましくは1.040以上1.085以下の比重、より好ましくは1.040以上1.077以下の比重を有する。または、望ましくは比重1.040以上、密度勾配遠心法で用いる分離媒体の比重以下を有する。
本発明の密度勾配遠心法は、従来のものを適宜利用することができる。密度勾配遠心法に用いられる分離液または分離媒体としては、例えば、市販のフィコールやパーコール(いずれもGEヘルスケア・ジャパン(株)の登録商標)またはショ糖溶液などが挙げられるが、血液由来検体に含有される赤血球と他の細胞とを分離することができる比重を有し、細胞を破壊することのない浸透圧およびpHに調節できる分離液または分離媒体であれば、本発明はこれらに限定されない。
上記(B)工程において目的細胞数を計測するには、例えば、樹脂粒子Pに標識した光学的に検出可能な色素と異なる発光波長を有する該色素により目的細胞のみを標識し、蛍光顕微鏡下でカウントする方法などが挙げられる。
本発明の評価方法は、血液由来検体に含有されている可能性のある、血漿の比重より大きいが赤血球の比重より小さい比重を有する目的細胞を定量するシステムの信憑性を評価する方法であって、下記(a)~(d)の工程を含むことを特徴とする。
(b) 赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層を抽出し、該層に含まれる該樹脂粒子Pの数(P1個)と該樹脂粒子Nの数(N1個)とを計測する工程;
(c) (P1/P0)×100を算出して、所定の基準値と比較し、該システム全体がどの程度機能しているかを評価する工程;ならびに
(d) N1/P1を算出して、所定の基準値と比較し、該密度勾配遠心法によりどの程度層が分離しているかを評価する工程。
(e) P1個の該樹脂粒子PまたはN1個の該樹脂粒子Nに由来する発光シグナルを測定し、発光シグナル検出機器を校正する工程
をさらに含むことが好ましい。
本発明で用いる樹脂粒子Nは、赤血球の内部対照として用いるものであり、赤血球と同程度の比重、すなわち1.090以上1.120以下の比重を有する。
工程(a)は、血漿の比重より大きいが赤血球の比重より小さい比重を有する樹脂粒子Pを既知数個(P0個)とともに、1.090以上1.120以下の比重を有する樹脂粒子Nを既知数個(N0個)含有させた血液由来検体を、密度勾配遠心法により、赤血球が多く含まれる層と赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層との少なくとも二層に分離する工程である。
工程(b)は、赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層を抽出し、該層に含まれる該樹脂粒子Pの数(P1個)と該樹脂粒子Nの数(N1個)とを計測する工程である。
工程(c)は、(P1/P0)×100を算出して、所定の基準値と比較し、上記システム全体がどの程度機能しているかを評価する工程である。すなわち、工程(c)は、評価対象とするシステムが、血液由来検体に含まれる目的細胞のうち、どれだけ多くの目的細胞を定量のために抽出することができるかを評価する工程であると見ることもできる。例えば、(P1/P0)×100が100%である場合、すなわち、P1=P0の場合、当該システムによって得られる定量結果は、血液由来検体に含まれる目的細胞の量を完全に反映していると判断することができる。
工程(d)は、N1/P1を算出して、所定の基準値と比較し、密度勾配遠心法によりどの程度層が分離しているかを評価する工程である。
本発明において任意に行うことができる工程(e)は、P1個の樹脂粒子PまたはN1個の樹脂粒子Nに由来する発光シグナルを測定し、発光シグナル検出機器を校正する工程である。
本発明の定量方法に用いるためのキットは、上記樹脂粒子Pを既知数個有することを特徴とし、また本発明の評価方法に用いるためのキットは、上記樹脂粒子Pと上記樹脂粒子Nとをそれぞれ既知数個ずつ有することを特徴とする。
以下の実施例において、「所定の基準値」を以下のように規定した。
90~100%:システムは充分に機能している。
0.005未満:密度勾配遠心法による単離は大きな問題がない。
CTCのモデルとして培養細胞であるMCF7を100個と、フルオレセインイソチオシアネート〔FITC〕により標識された樹脂粒子P(Spherotech社製のFICP-80-2)(比重:1.050)を100個(すなわちP0=100)とを全血2mL中に添加し混合した後、密度勾配遠心法を実施した。具体的には、分離液としてフィコール(比重:1.077)3mLに、当該全血2mLを重層し、400×gで40分間遠心した。
CTCのモデルとして実施例1と同様の培養細胞を100個と、FITC標識された樹脂粒子Pを10,000個(すなわちP0=10,000)とを全血2mL中に添加し混合した後、実施例1と同様にして密度勾配遠心法を実施した。
CTCのモデルとして実施例1と同様の培養細胞を100個と、FITC標識された樹脂粒子Pを10,000個(すなわちP0=10,000)と、赤血球のモデルとしてDMEQ-ヒドラジド標識樹脂粒子N(積水化成品工業(株)製のカルボキシル基が付与されたBM30X-5とDMEQ-ヒドラジド(和光純薬工業(株))とを反応させて作製)(比重:1.10)を10,000個(すなわちN0=10,000)とを全血2mL中に添加し混合した後、実施例1と同様にして密度勾配遠心法を実施した。
比較例1では、樹脂粒子Pに代えて安定化細胞を内部参照として用いてCTCの定量をおこなった。
2・・・血液由来検体
3・・・血漿の比重より大きいが赤血球の比重より小さい比重を有する樹脂粒子P
4・・・赤血球が多く含まれる層
5・・・赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層
Claims (14)
- 血液由来検体に含有されている可能性のある、血漿の比重より大きいが赤血球の比重より小さい比重を有する目的細胞を定量する方法であって、下記(A)~(C)の工程を含むことを特徴とする定量方法:
(A) 血漿の比重より大きいが赤血球の比重より小さい比重を有する樹脂粒子Pを既知数個(P0個)含有させた血液由来検体を、密度勾配遠心法により、赤血球が多く含まれる層と赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層との少なくとも二層に分離する工程;
(B) 赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層を抽出し、該層に含まれる該目的細胞の数および該樹脂粒子の数(P1個)を計測する工程;ならびに
(C) 該目的細胞の数にP0/P1を乗じることによって、該目的細胞の数を校正する工程。 - 上記樹脂粒子Pが、水不溶性の樹脂から形成され、且つ、光学的に検出可能な色素Daによって標識されている、請求項1に記載の定量方法。
- 上記樹脂粒子Pが、1.040以上1.085以下の比重を有する、請求項1または2に記載の定量方法。
- 上記樹脂粒子Pが、1.040以上1.077以下の比重を有する、請求項1または2に記載の定量方法。
- 上記目的細胞が、血中循環腫瘍細胞〔CTC〕,循環幹細胞および循環内皮細胞からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種の希少細胞である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の定量方法。
- 血液由来検体に含有されている可能性のある、血漿の比重より大きいが赤血球の比重より小さい比重を有する目的細胞を定量するシステムの信憑性を評価する方法であって、下記(a)~(d)の工程を含むことを特徴とする評価方法:
(a) 血漿の比重より大きいが赤血球の比重より小さい比重を有する樹脂粒子Pを既知数個(P0個)とともに、1.090以上1.120以下の比重を有する樹脂粒子Nを既知数個(N0個)含有させた血液由来検体を、密度勾配遠心法により、赤血球が多く含まれる層と赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層との少なくとも二層に分離する工程;
(b) 赤血球以外の細胞が多く含まれる層を抽出し、該層に含まれる該樹脂粒子Pの数(P1個)と該樹脂粒子Nの数(N1個)とを計測する工程;
(c) (P1/P0)×100を算出して、所定の基準値と比較し、該システム全体がどの程度機能しているかを評価する工程;ならびに、
(d) N1/P1を算出して、所定の基準値と比較し、該密度勾配遠心法によりどの程度層が分離しているかを評価する工程。 - 上記樹脂粒子Pが、水不溶性の樹脂から形成され、光学的に検出可能な色素Daによって標識されている、請求項6に記載の評価方法。
- 上記樹脂粒子Pが、1.040以上1.085以下の比重を有する、請求項6または7に記載の評価方法。
- 上記樹脂粒子Pが、1.040以上1.077以下の比重を有する、請求項6または7に記載の評価方法。
- 該樹脂粒子Nが、水不溶性の樹脂から形成され、且つ、光学的に検出可能な色素Daとは発光波長の異なる光学的に検出可能な色素Dbによって標識されている、請求項6~9のいずれか一項に記載の評価方法。
- 上記目的細胞が、血中循環腫瘍細胞〔CTC〕,循環幹細胞および循環内皮細胞からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種の希少細胞である、請求項6~10のいずれか一項に記載の評価方法。
- 下記(e) の工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項6~11のいずれか一項に記載の評価方法:
(e) P1個の該樹脂粒子PまたはN1個の該樹脂粒子Nに由来する発光シグナルを測定し、発光シグナル検出機器を校正する工程。 - 上記樹脂粒子Pを既知数個有することを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の定量方法に用いるためのキット。
- 上記樹脂粒子Pと上記樹脂粒子Nとをそれぞれ既知数個ずつ有することを特徴とする、請求項6~12のいずれか一項に記載の評価方法に用いるためのキット。
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| JP2013524294A JP5348357B1 (ja) | 2012-01-13 | 2013-01-10 | 血中の目的細胞の定量方法および該細胞を定量するシステムの評価方法 |
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| WO2015046557A1 (ja) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | 積水メディカル株式会社 | 循環腫瘍細胞濃縮分離デバイス及び循環腫瘍細胞の濃縮分離方法 |
| WO2016028011A1 (ko) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-02-25 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 표적물질 분리장치 및 표적물질 분리방법 |
| JP2021006774A (ja) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-01-21 | 東ソー株式会社 | 試料中に含まれる目的細胞の定量方法 |
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| EP4374156A1 (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2024-05-29 | Sartorius BioAnalytical Instruments, Inc | Method and system for monitoring cell settling |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015046557A1 (ja) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | 積水メディカル株式会社 | 循環腫瘍細胞濃縮分離デバイス及び循環腫瘍細胞の濃縮分離方法 |
| CN105683353A (zh) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-06-15 | 积水医疗株式会社 | 循环肿瘤细胞浓缩分离设备及循环肿瘤细胞的浓缩分离方法 |
| US11221325B2 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2022-01-11 | Sekisui Medical Co., Ltd. | Device for concentration and separation of circulating tumor cells, and method for concentration and separation of circulating tumor cells |
| WO2016028011A1 (ko) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-02-25 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 표적물질 분리장치 및 표적물질 분리방법 |
| US10203332B2 (en) | 2014-08-22 | 2019-02-12 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for and method of separating target matter |
| JP2021006774A (ja) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-01-21 | 東ソー株式会社 | 試料中に含まれる目的細胞の定量方法 |
| JP7279542B2 (ja) | 2019-06-28 | 2023-05-23 | 東ソー株式会社 | 試料中に含まれる目的細胞の定量方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2013105612A1 (ja) | 2015-05-11 |
| EP2803998A4 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
| JP5348357B1 (ja) | 2013-11-20 |
| EP2803998A1 (en) | 2014-11-19 |
| US20150056649A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
| EP2803998B1 (en) | 2019-11-27 |
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