WO2013179366A1 - 数値制御装置 - Google Patents
数値制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013179366A1 WO2013179366A1 PCT/JP2012/063615 JP2012063615W WO2013179366A1 WO 2013179366 A1 WO2013179366 A1 WO 2013179366A1 JP 2012063615 W JP2012063615 W JP 2012063615W WO 2013179366 A1 WO2013179366 A1 WO 2013179366A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/182—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by the machine tool function, e.g. thread cutting, cam making, tool direction control
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
- G05B2219/49118—Machine end face, control C-axis and X-axis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a numerical control device.
- the C-axis for gripping the workpiece and controlling the rotation angle the C-axis for gripping the workpiece and controlling the rotation angle
- the X-axis for controlling the position so that the turret contacts and separates from the C-axis
- the axial direction of the C-axis There is a configuration (first type lathe) having a Z-axis for moving a workpiece and a Y-axis for machining a plane perpendicular to the X-axis. It also has a turret axis (H axis) that does not have an actual Y axis but can control the angle with respect to the C axis, and controls the rotation angle of the H axis and the distance between the C axis and the H axis.
- H axis turret axis
- second type lathe performs machining in the Y-axis direction by synchronous and cooperative control of the X-axis position.
- a plane process in the Y-axis direction can be accurately performed on the circumferential surface of the workpiece.
- the first type of lathe when fast-forwarding the Y-axis, basically, if a fast-forward command (G0) is given to the Y-axis, it is as commanded by the Y-axis alone Operates at the G0 speed.
- G0 fast-forward command
- Patent Document 1 in a numerical control device for a machining head having an X-axis, a Y-axis, a Z-axis and a C-axis that is a rotation axis, and an A-axis that are three orthogonal straight axes, the X-axis, Y-axis,
- the actual movement amount of X, Y, Z that is, the movement amount of the root is calculated from the movement amount of the Z axis, that is, the tip movement amount of the machining head, and the calculated movement amount of the root is calculated as the X, Y, Z drive motor. Is output.
- the NC program is analyzed to extract the tip movement amount for each block, and based on this, the tip movement amount per unit time is calculated, and this is used as the root movement amount per unit time.
- the execution speed is compared with the maximum speed, the clamp rate is calculated when the maximum speed is exceeded, and the command speed is multiplied by the clamp rate. Clamp the speed with to recalculate the tip travel per unit time.
- the effective speed exceeds the maximum speed of the machine due to the difference between the tip speed and the root speed of the machining head, the effective speed is automatically reduced to the maximum speed. The effective speed should not exceed the maximum speed.
- Patent Document 1 is a technique related to a first type of lathe having a Y-axis, and Patent Document 1 has no description about a second type of lathe.
- the Y axis does not exist, and the Y axis movement is realized by combining the C axis, H axis, and X axis operations.
- the C-axis, H-axis, and X-axis inevitably move simultaneously. Therefore, the situation is different from the case of the first type of lathe, and even if the deviation between the tip speed of the machining head and the base speed can be ignored, the C-axis speed may exceed the clamp speed. .
- the virtual Y-axis movement is performed at a constant speed when the virtual Y-axis movement such as the return operation after the D-cut processing is performed according to the virtual Y-axis fast-forward command (G0).
- G0 virtual Y-axis fast-forward command
- the clamp rate is set so that the C-axis speed is equal to or less than the clamp speed in the C-axis rotation angle range.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a numerical control device that can reduce the cycle time of machining by a machine tool that does not have a Y-axis.
- a numerical control device includes an X axis that moves a turret to which a tool is attached, an H axis that rotates the turret, and a workpiece.
- a numerical control device for controlling a machine tool having a C axis to be rotated and having no Y axis orthogonal to the X axis, wherein an XY axis movement command in a machining program is expressed as an XHC coordinate
- An analysis means for analyzing a virtual Y-axis fast-forward command in a virtual Y-axis interpolation mode in which an X-axis, an H-axis, and a C-axis are driven in conjunction by interpolating an analysis result of the converted command, C-axis interpolation processing means for interpolating a C-axis angle according to the analyzed virtual Y-axis fast-forward command, and X-axis interpolation processing means for interpolating the X-axis position based on the interpolated C-axis angle.
- the numerical control device includes a C-axis speed. To rotate the C-axis while maintaining the constant speed, so that the virtual Y-axis is moved in a substantially straight line, and
- the speed of the C axis in the block in which the virtual Y-axis movement is fast-forwarded can be maintained at a high speed as a whole, and the virtual Y-axis fast-forward can be executed at high speed. Can be shortened effectively. Thereby, the cycle time of the process by the machine tool which does not have a Y-axis can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a machine tool according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the numerical controller according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of each axis during the D cut of the numerical controller according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of specifications of the D cut in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a relationship diagram of the C, H, and X axes at the time of D cut in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a D-cut processing procedure in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a D-cut processing procedure in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the numerical control device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the operation of each axis during the D cut of the numerical control device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating Comparative Example 1.
- Embodiment 1 FIG. A numerical control apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment will be described.
- the numerical control device 1 is a numerically controlled lathe that controls the machine tool MT by numerical control (Numerical Control, which may be abbreviated as NC hereinafter), and processes the workpiece WK by controlling the machine tool MT.
- the numerical control device 1 performs a so-called D-cut process on a cylindrical workpiece WK, for example, by cutting a part of a circular cross-section linearly along the Y-axis so as to be a letter D in a cross-sectional view.
- the numerical control apparatus 1 replaces the Y axis that is necessary for the machining of the linear portion with the X axis and the C axis instead of the actual Y axis. And virtually using the H axis.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B are a perspective view and a front view showing a main part and a coordinate system of the machine tool MT, respectively.
- the machine tool MT has a turret TR and a work WK.
- the machine tool MT has an X axis, a Z axis, an H axis, and a C axis.
- the X axis is a movement axis for moving the turret TR, and for example, moves the H axis so as to be close to and away from the C axis.
- the Z axis is a movement axis that moves, for example, a cylindrical workpiece WK in the direction of the central axis, and is orthogonal to the X axis.
- the H axis is a rotation axis that turns the tool by rotating.
- the C axis is a rotation axis that rotates, for example, a cylindrical workpiece WK in the circumferential direction.
- the machine tool MT does not have a Y axis. That is, the Y axis is a non-existent axis, but is a virtual movement axis used in the virtual Y axis interpolation mode in the machining program created by the user, and is orthogonal to the X axis and the Z axis.
- the XY axis movement command in the machining program is converted into a command in the XHC coordinate system, and the analysis result of the converted command is interpolated to interpolate the X, H, and C axes.
- FIG. 7A shows a case in which the machine tool MT having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 is used to perform D-cut machining of the workpiece WK according to the D-cut machining command (G1), and the return path is returned by the fast-forward command (G0). This shows the processing procedure.
- steps (1) to (4) D-cut machining is performed, and in steps (5) to (8), the tool is moved back to the original position by rapid traverse.
- the cutting direction and the return direction of the D-cut processing are a series of steps, and it is sufficient that they are opposite to each other. Cutting may be started from either the left or right (or +-).
- the user creates, for example, a machining program shown in FIG. 7B in order to realize the machining procedures (1) to (8) shown in FIG.
- the X-axis and Y-axis coordinate positions are designated and a required machining program is executed. create.
- the user can change the XY coordinates, for example, assuming the state of step (2) in FIG. 7, that is, the state where the tool direction coincides with the virtual plane X-axis. Create a machining program by specifying.
- the virtual Y-axis speed Vy1 shown in FIG. 10A is changed to the real-axis speed, that is, the C-axis speed Vc1, the H-axis speed, and the X-axis speed shown in FIGS. 10B and 10C. Converted to Vx1.
- the maximum value of the C-axis speed Vc1 is the highest.
- the clamp rate is calculated so as to be equal to or less than the speed (clamp speed) Vcmax, and the speed clamp is performed by multiplying the clamp rate by the Y-axis movement command.
- the speed of the virtual Y-axis movement is automatically recalculated, and the entire C-axis rotation angle range ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 5 is corrected downward to the speed Vy2 indicated by the broken line in FIG.
- the C-axis speed Vc2, the H-axis speed, and the X-axis speed Vx2 obtained by converting the virtual Y-axis speed Vy2 shown in FIG. 10A are also shown by broken lines in FIGS. 10B and 10C. As shown, the entire C-axis rotation angle range ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 5 is corrected downward.
- the C-axis speed in the block being executed becomes lower overall, so the execution time of the block being executed becomes longer.
- the timing at which the end point angle ⁇ 5 of the rotation angle range ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 5 of the C axis becomes t52 after t51 is equal to the integral value (total rotation amount) of the C-axis speed Vc1 before clamping from timing t0 to t51. Since it is controlled, the execution time of the block being executed becomes longer by ⁇ T2 than before the speed clamping. As a result, the cycle time of machining by the machine tool MT not having the Y axis tends to be long, and the productivity of machining by the numerical controller may be reduced.
- the total rotation is performed by selectively smoothing the C axis speed Vc1 in the region PT3. It is necessary to increase the amount by Wc3. For this reason, the timing at which the end angle ⁇ 5 of the C-axis rotation angle range ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 5 reaches t53 is t53 after t51, so that the execution time of the block being executed is longer by ⁇ T3 than before the speed clamping. turn into. As a result, the cycle time of machining by the machine tool MT not having the Y axis tends to be long, and the productivity of machining by the numerical controller may be reduced.
- the numerical controller 1 does not start the virtual Y-axis movement at the constant speed Vy1 but starts the rotation of the C-axis (real axis) at the constant speed Vc. Control is performed starting from execution.
- FIGS. 3A to 3C show an operation example of each axis when a rapid feed is commanded to the virtual Y axis during the virtual Y axis interpolation mode, for example.
- the Y-axis trajectory is determined by the rotation of the C-axis, the rotation of the H-axis, and the position displacement of the X-axis, but the H-axis and the C-axis are controlled by equal rotation angles. Therefore, here, the explanation will be made around the C axis that directly rotates the workpiece machining surface.
- FIGS. 3A to 3C the operations of the respective axes before clamping in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are indicated by broken lines for comparison.
- the numerical control apparatus 1 rotates the entire range ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 5 of the C-axis rotation angle at a constant speed Vc, that is, the maximum speed Vcmax, and accordingly increases the X-axis speed Vx. .
- Vc constant speed
- Vcmax maximum speed
- Vx X-axis speed
- the virtual Y-axis speed Vy which is a combination of the C-axis speed Vc and the X-axis speed Vx, becomes a concave curve as shown by the solid line in FIG. Therefore, the virtual Y-axis speed Vy is a rapid feed without actual machining as shown in FIG. 3 (d), although the speeds on both ends of the C-axis rotation angle range ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 5 exceed the command speed fy. Since it is not an existing shaft, mechanical problems are unlikely to occur.
- the C-axis speed in the block being executed can be maintained at the maximum speed Vcmax as a whole, and the virtual Y-axis fast-forward can be executed at high speed, so that the execution time of the block being executed can be effectively shortened.
- the timing at which the end point angle ⁇ 5 of the rotation angle range ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 5 of the C axis is t5 before t51. That is, the integrated value (total rotation amount) of the C-axis speed Vc from timing t0 to t5 is the integrated value (total rotation amount) of the C-axis speed Vc1 before clamping in comparative examples 1 and 2 from timing t0 to t51.
- the execution time of the block being executed can be shortened by ⁇ T compared to before performing speed clamping in Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Thereby, the cycle time of the process by the machine tool MT which does not have a Y-axis can be reduced efficiently, and the productivity of the process by the numerical controller can be improved.
- FIG. 4 shows details of the coordinate system and specifications of the Y-axis, C-axis, H-axis, and X-axis.
- FIG. 4A shows the positional relationship at the start of the D-cut processing
- FIG. 4B shows the detailed positional relationship at the intermediate position of the D-cut processing.
- R is the distance from the center of rotation of the turret shaft to the tool mounting seat
- T is the tool length
- u is the amount of eccentricity of the machining surface from the workpiece center.
- the tool length correction and the tool radius correction are performed to obtain the tool center position p1 at the start of machining, and the corresponding C axis and H axis And the distance from the C-axis center to the H-axis center are calculated, and each axis moves to the machining start position.
- the tool center position p2 at the end of machining is obtained, and a line connecting the tool center position p1 and the tool center position p2 is linearly interpolated on the virtual XY plane. .
- the interpolation data is finally converted into actual axis positions of the X axis and the H axis (rotating axis) and output to the servo control unit of each axis to drive the servo motor.
- C-axis rotation, H-axis rotation, and position control of the H-axis in the C-axis direction that is, movement of the X-axis
- FIGS. 5A to 5C are diagrams showing the relationship among the C-axis, H-axis, and X-axis at the time of D-cut by virtual Y-axis control.
- H-axis inclination (h) tan ⁇ 1 ⁇ r * sin ⁇ t / (R + T + u) ⁇ Equation 1
- the X-axis displacement (x) is obtained based on (R + T + u) / (cos (h)).
- the H-axis rotates between + 6 ° and ⁇ 6 °, the displacement shown in FIG. A simple curve.
- the speed is negative when the tool moves toward the center of the C-axis (first half) and is positive when the tool moves away (second half) as shown by the broken line in FIG.
- C axis angle / C axis G0FdT m (the remainder is rounded up) is calculated and set in the control counter CTc.
- the C axis G0FdT is integrated (for dx calculation).
- fx (R + T) ⁇ (cos ⁇ t ⁇ cos ⁇ t + 1) that is the dx value of dx / dt is calculated ... cos ⁇ t is the previous value, and the current value cos ⁇ t + 1 is calculated to calculate the difference.
- the position of each axis for each control unit time is calculated by the following mathematical formulas 2 to 4.
- the speed is a value obtained by dividing the position difference from the previous time for each control unit time by the control unit time.
- ⁇ ⁇ F ⁇ T Equation 2
- x (R + T) ⁇ cos ⁇ —Equation 3
- y (R + T) ⁇ tan ⁇ .
- F ⁇ T is, for example, the rotation angle per control unit time during fast-forwarding.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration example of the numerical control apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 6 is an example of a flowchart illustrating a procedure for controlling various processes using this configuration.
- the control content shown here is not executed every control unit time but is expressed as a function.
- the numerical control device 1 includes the following components as shown in FIG.
- the input operation unit 2 has, for example, a keyboard and receives instructions from the user via the keyboard.
- the input control unit 3 is an interface for taking in an input signal from the input operation unit 2.
- the memory 4 stores various information.
- the memory 4 includes a parameter storage area 5 for storing parameters necessary for various controls, a machining program storage area 6 for storing a machining program for machining a workpiece, and each control means during control of the numerical controller 1.
- the screen processing unit 9 is an interface for displaying screen display data on the display unit 10.
- the analysis processing unit 11 analyzes the machining program.
- the analysis processing unit 11 includes, for example, a virtual Y-axis command processing unit 12, a D-cut command processing unit 13, and a virtual Y-axis fast-forward command processing unit (analysis unit) 16.
- the virtual Y axis command processing means 12 analyzes the virtual Y axis interpolation mode command (for example, “M111” and “M101” shown in FIG. 7B).
- the D cut command processing means 13 analyzes the D cut processing command (for example, “G01 Y-50 F1000” shown in FIG. 7B).
- the virtual Y-axis fast-forward command processing means 16 analyzes a virtual Y-axis fast-forward command (for example, “G00 Y50” shown in FIG. 7B).
- Interpolation processing unit 14 calculates the movement amount per control unit time of each control axis based on the control mode.
- the interpolation processing unit 14 includes, for example, a virtual Y-axis interpolation processing unit 15, a C-axis G0 interpolation processing unit (C-axis interpolation processing unit) 17, and a C-axis constant speed X-axis interpolation processing unit (X-axis interpolation processing unit) 18.
- the virtual Y-axis interpolation processing means 15 interpolates the Y-axis position according to the virtual Y-axis movement command.
- the C-axis G0 interpolation processing means 17 interpolates the C-axis angle in response to the analyzed virtual Y-axis fast-forward command.
- the C-axis constant speed X-axis interpolation processing means 18 interpolates the X-axis position based on the C-axis angle interpolated by the C-axis G0 interpolation processing means 17.
- the X-axis interpolation processing means 18 at the C-axis constant speed for example, rotates the C-axis while maintaining the C-axis speed at a constant speed, so that the virtual Y-axis moves in a substantially straight line. Interpolate the position. Details of these interpolation processes will be described later.
- the virtual Y-axis control processing unit 20 includes an X / Y plane calculation unit 21, an X / Y ⁇ X / C coordinate conversion unit 22, and a D-cut Y-axis fast-forward control unit 26.
- the D-cut Y-axis fast-forward control means 26 includes a C-axis division number calculation means 23, a C-axis division position corresponding X-axis calculation means 24, and an X-axis movement amount calculation means 25.
- the axis data input / output unit 27 uses the movement data of each control axis output from the interpolation processing unit 14 via the virtual Y-axis control processing unit 20 as the X-axis servo control unit 31, the H-axis servo control unit 32, and the C-axis servo. It outputs to the control part 33, converts into motor drive electric power, and drives each X, H, C-axis servomotor 41,42,43. Also, feedback data from the encoders of the servo motors of the respective axes is taken into the memory 4 from the respective axis servo control units 31, 32, 33 via the axis data input / output unit 27 and the virtual Y axis control processing unit 20.
- the operator operates the input operation unit 2 in accordance with information such as guidance displayed on the display unit 10, and sets or selects information necessary for the machining operation as a parameter prior to machining.
- a machining program is input to the machining program storage area 6 of the memory 4 from an input device (not shown), or a desired machining program is selected from a plurality of machining programs and input to the machining program storage area 6 to perform machining operations. Prepare for.
- the numerical control device 1 When the machining operation is ready, the numerical control device 1 is activated to sequentially read the machining program and analyze and execute the machining program.
- the analysis processing unit 11 analyzes a program block (that is, each line of the machining program) read from the machining program storage area 6. For example, when “N104 M111” (N is a sequence number, for example, M111 is a virtual Y-axis interpolation mode command) in the machining program shown in FIG.
- the axis command processing means 12 is operated, and the virtual Y axis interpolation processing means 15 is operated every time the Y axis command is read until the virtual Y axis interpolation cancel command, for example, M101 is read.
- the D-cut command processing means 13 operates, and the X / Y plane calculation means 21 develops the program command values into X and Y axis coordinate values including tool correction. To do.
- the X and Y axis coordinate values are coordinate-converted by the X / Y ⁇ X / C coordinate conversion means 22 into the C axis rotation angle and the X axis position corresponding to the X and Y command values. Further, the converted C-axis rotation angle and X-axis position are converted into a movement amount per control unit time by the virtual Y-axis interpolation processing means 15 and output to each servo control unit via the axis data input / output unit 27. Then, each servo motor is driven to perform desired processing.
- the virtual Y-axis fast-forward command processing means 16 operates when a fast-forward is commanded to the Y-axis during the virtual Y-axis interpolation mode and during the D-cut program, and in the same way as a normal D-cut, virtual Y-axis interpolation processing means 15. Operate the X / Y plane calculation means 21 and the X / Y ⁇ X / C coordinate conversion means 22 to convert the coordinates to the X axis C axis, and set the C axis priority control mode to the X axis C axis coordinate data (rotation angle). ) Is input to the C-axis G0 interpolation processing means 17.
- the virtual Y-axis fast-forward command processing means 16 operates the C-axis division number calculating means 23 in the Y-axis fast-forward control means 26 at the time of D cut, and the converted C-axis rotation angle data is converted into a predetermined constant speed (for example, G0 speed). ) Is divided by the rotation angle per control unit time ( ⁇ dT), and the number of C-axis divisions (the remainder is rounded up) is obtained and stored.
- the predetermined constant speed is set in advance in the C-axis division number calculating means 23, for example.
- the C-axis G0 interpolation processing means 17 sequentially adds ⁇ dT by the number of divisions for each control unit time to the C-axis current position (angle), and outputs ⁇ dT to the axis data input / output unit 27. However, the remaining angle is used only the last time.
- the C-axis constant speed X-axis interpolation processing means 18 operates the C-axis division position corresponding X-axis calculation means 24 to calculate the X-axis position corresponding to the C-axis division position that changes every time dT.
- the C-axis constant velocity X-axis interpolation processing means 18 calculates the X-axis position by a predetermined conversion formula so that the locus of the virtual Y-axis becomes a straight line.
- the X-axis movement amount calculation means 25 calculates a movement amount per control unit time (referred to as FdT) from the difference between the X-axis position obtained this time and the previous X-axis position, and outputs it to the axis data input / output unit 27. To do.
- the H-axis is controlled with the same command value as the C-axis, the bottom surface of the tool is always perpendicular to the Y-axis surface of the workpiece WK gripped by the C-axis.
- the H axis is rotated and the position of the tool is correctly controlled with respect to the workpiece WK.
- FIG. 6 shows the processing contents of the virtual Y-axis fast-forward command (G0) at the time of D-cut machining during virtual Y-axis control in the NC device having the configuration of FIG.
- the H axis uses the calculation result of the C axis, the description of the H axis is omitted.
- Step 1 the machining program is read, and a virtual Y-axis interpolation command (M111 in this example) and a virtual Y-axis interpolation cancel command (M101 in this example) are read.
- Step 2 the virtual Y axis interpolation mode flag is set according to the virtual Y axis interpolation command, or the virtual Y axis interpolation mode flag is reset according to the virtual Y axis interpolation cancel command.
- the instruction to be processed is processed. Also, command positions for the X and Y axes are calculated.
- Step 3 the X-axis and Y-axis coordinate positions obtained by performing tool correction on the X-axis and Y-axis command positions are calculated, and the C-axis angle and X-axis corresponding to the X-axis and Y-axis coordinate positions are calculated. Calculate the position.
- Step 4 the C-axis angle corresponding to the Y-axis G0 movement command value is divided by the movement amount (rotation angle) per control unit time corresponding to the C-axis G0 speed or another set speed, for example, ⁇ 0dT, and distributed in the C-axis.
- the number of times is calculated (the remainder is rounded up) and set in the C-axis distribution counter CTc (the same as the control counter CTc) in the memory 4.
- Step 5 it is checked whether or not the content of the C-axis distribution counter CTc is “0”, and it is determined whether or not there is no data for the first time or distribution of the C-axis is completed. If the content is 0 (“Yes” in Step 5), since the distribution is completed, the process is unnecessary and the process ends. If the content is not 0 (“No” in Step 5), the process proceeds to Step 6.
- Step 6 it is checked whether or not the content of the C-axis distribution counter CTc is “1”. This is to determine whether or not the distribution process is the last time that is a separate process. If the content is not 1 (“No” in Step 6), since it is not the final round, the process proceeds to the next Step 7, and if the content is “1” (“Yes” in Step 6), the process is a remaining distance process. Proceed to Step 10.
- Step 7 to Step 9 are processes for outputting distribution data for the number of times that the C-axis is previously calculated at a constant speed with respect to the Y-axis G0 command.
- Step 7 assuming that the C-axis is driven to rotate at, for example, the G0 speed, ⁇ 0 dT corresponding to the G0 speed is set in the output register. Further, ⁇ 0 dT to be output is added to the C-axis current position (angle), and the position information is updated. Further, the X-axis position corresponding to the updated C-axis angle is calculated, and the difference from the previous X-axis position is set in the output register as the movement amount FdT per control unit time of the X-axis.
- Step 8 the movement amounts ⁇ 0 dT and FdT per control unit time between the C axis and the X axis set in the output register in Step 7 are output to the axis data input / output unit 27. Also, the C-axis distribution counter CTc is decremented.
- Step 9 it is checked whether or not the content of the C-axis distribution counter CTc is “1”. If the content is not “1” (“No” in Step 9), the C-axis distribution control still remains (excluding the final round), so the process returns to Step 7, and the next control unit time distribution is performed in Step 7 and Step 8. Perform processing. If the content is “1” (“Yes” in Step 9), the process proceeds to Step 10 in order to perform the final process.
- Step 10 the distribution angle is processed in the same manner as in Step 7, but since this is the final processing here, the remaining distance (angle) that is a fraction with respect to the command angle is output. Similarly, for the X axis, FdT up to a position corresponding to the command angle of the C axis is calculated.
- the movement amount ⁇ 1dT (remaining angle) per control unit time between the C axis and the X axis set in the output register at Step 10 and the FdT are output to the axis data input / output unit 27. Also, the C-axis distribution counter CTc is decremented.
- the virtual Y-axis fast-forward command (G0) in the virtual Y-axis control D-cut program rotates the C-axis at G0 or a constant speed corresponding thereto, so that it is not affected by the speed clamp or the like. It is executed in the shortest time.
- the H-axis is controlled using the command value calculated for the C-axis and operates in the same manner, so the description is omitted.
- the virtual Y-axis fast-forward command processing means 16 analyzes the virtual Y-axis fast-forward command given to the Y-axis during the D-cut mode using the virtual Y-axis. Then, the C-axis G0 interpolation processing means 17 interpolates the C-axis angle in response to the analyzed virtual Y-axis fast-forward command. For example, the C-axis G0 interpolation processing unit 17 performs interpolation at a constant speed Vc (see FIG. 3B) where the speed clamp is not activated.
- the C-axis constant speed X-axis interpolation processing means 18 interpolates the X-axis position based on the C-axis angle interpolated by the C-axis G0 interpolation processing means 17. For example, the C-axis constant speed X-axis interpolation processing means 18 calculates the X-coordinate value corresponding to each interpolation position (angle) of the C-axis so that the control point is located on the Y-axis path. Interpolate the position. Then, the numerical control device 1 outputs the calculation results of the movement amounts of these axes to the X-axis, C-axis, H-axis, and Z-axis servo control units 31 to 33, so that the speed of the C-axis is increased.
- the C-axis While maintaining the constant speed, the C-axis is rotated, and the X-axis position is controlled so that the virtual Y-axis moves in a substantially straight line (see FIGS. 3B to 3D).
- the C-axis speed in the block that performs virtual Y-axis movement such as return operation after D-cut machining by fast-forwarding can be maintained at high speed as a whole, and virtual Y-axis fast-forwarding can be executed at high speed.
- the execution time of the block inside can be shortened effectively. Thereby, the cycle time of the process by the machine tool MT which does not have a Y-axis can be reduced efficiently, and the productivity of the process by the numerical controller can be improved.
- the numerical controller 1 rotates the C axis while maintaining the C axis speed at the maximum speed Vcmax (G0 speed) within the allowable speed range of the C axis, and the virtual Y axis is substantially linear.
- the X-axis position is controlled so as to move with.
- the virtual Y-axis fast-forward can be executed at a very high speed.
- C-axis interpolation is performed based on the number of distributions based on, for example, FdT ( ⁇ 0dT) as a constant value corresponding to the C0 G0 speed and the content of the C-axis distribution counter CTc.
- FdT ⁇ 0dT
- it may be performed by a method of calculating and outputting the movement amount FdT per control unit time from the speed command value including the remaining distance (angle) and G0 each time.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the numerical controller 1 i according to the second embodiment. Below, it demonstrates focusing on a different part from Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the numerical controller 1 i according to the second embodiment. Below, it demonstrates focusing on a different part from Embodiment 1.
- a predetermined constant speed at which the C-axis speed should be maintained is set in advance in the numerical control device 1 (for example, in the C-axis division number calculating means 23). Then, a constant speed at which the C-axis speed should be maintained can be selected from the allowable speed range of the C-axis.
- the virtual Y-axis control processing unit 20i of the numerical controller 1i further includes a selection unit 28i as shown in FIG.
- the selection means 28i selects one speed from the allowable speed range of the C axis.
- a plurality of discrete velocities Vc, Vc ′, Vc ′′ as shown in FIG. 9B are prepared in the form of a table or the like, and the selecting means 28i selects the plurality of velocities Vc, Vc ′, Vc.
- One speed may be selected from "".
- Each of the plurality of speeds Vc, Vc ′, Vc ′′ is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) to 9 (d), compared to the case where the C axis speed Vc1 before clamping in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is executed.
- the speed Vc is, for example, the same value as that of the first embodiment, and is, for example, the maximum speed Vcmax (G0 speed).
- the speed Vc is selected when importance is attached to the speed, and for example, the speed Vc ′′ is selected when importance is attached to the accuracy.
- a continuous selection range SR as shown in FIG. 9B may be prepared, and the selection means 28i may select one speed from the selection range SR.
- the selection range SR is experimentally acquired in advance as an example in which the C-axis can be rotated in a shorter time than when the C-axis speed Vc1 before clamping in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is executed.
- the upper limit speed Vc of the selection range SR is, for example, the same value as in the first embodiment, and is, for example, the maximum speed Vcmax (G0 speed). For example, when speed is important, a speed near the upper limit of the selection range SR is selected. For example, when accuracy is important, a speed near the lower limit of the selection range SR is selected.
- the C axis division number calculating means 23 rotates the C axis rotation angle data converted by the X / Y ⁇ X / C coordinate converting means 22 per control unit time corresponding to the speed selected by the selecting means 28i. Divide by the angle (assuming ⁇ dT) to obtain the number of C-axis divisions (the remainder is rounded up).
- the numerical controller 1i rotates the C axis while maintaining the C axis speed at one speed selected by the selection means 28i, and the X axis position so that the virtual Y axis moves in a substantially straight line. To control.
- the selection means 28i selects one speed from the allowable speed range of the C axis. Then, the numerical controller 1i rotates the C axis while maintaining the C axis speed at one speed selected by the selection unit 28i, and changes the X axis position so that the virtual Y axis moves in a substantially straight line. Control. Thereby, it is possible to realize control with a high degree of freedom for a constant speed at which the speed of the C axis should be maintained, and it is possible to widen the application range of the virtual Y axis fast forward.
- the numerical control device is useful for controlling a machine tool.
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Description
実施の形態1にかかる数値制御装置1について説明する。
大まかな手順は次の通りである。
<C軸データの出力>
<X軸データの出力>
θ=ΣFΔT…数式2
x=(R+T)×cosθ…数式3
y=(R+T)×tanθ…数式4
次に、実施の形態2にかかる数値制御装置1iについて図8を用いて説明する。図8は、実施の形態2にかかる数値制御装置1iの構成を示す図である。以下では、実施の形態1と異なる部分を中心に説明する。
2 入力操作部
3 入力制御部
4 メモリ
5 パラメータ記憶エリア
6 加工プログラム記憶エリア
7 共有エリア
8 画面表示データエリア
9 画面処理部
10 表示部
11 解析処理部
12 仮想Y軸指令処理手段
13 Dカット指令処理手段
14 補間処理部
15 仮想Y軸補間処理手段
16 仮想Y軸早送り指令処理手段
17 C軸G0補間処理手段
18 C軸等速時X軸補間処理手段
20、20i 仮想Y軸制御処理部
21 X/Y平面演算手段
22 X/Y→X/C座標変換手段
23 C軸分割数計算手段
24 C軸分割位置対応X軸計算手段
25 X軸移動量計算手段
26 Dカット時Y軸早送り制御手段
27 軸データ入出力部
28i 選択手段
31 X軸サーボ制御部
32 H軸サーボ制御部
33 C軸サーボ制御部
41、42、43 サーボモータ
Claims (3)
- 工具が取り付けられるタレットを移動させるX軸と、前記タレットを回転させるH軸と、ワークを回転させるC軸とを有し、前記X軸に直交するY軸を有さない工作機械を制御する数値制御装置であって、
加工プログラム中のX-Y軸移動指令をX-H-C座標系での指令に変換し、変換した指令の解析結果を補間してX軸、H軸およびC軸を連動駆動する仮想Y軸補間モードにおいて、仮想Y軸の早送り指令を解析する解析手段と、
前記解析された仮想Y軸の早送り指令に応じて、C軸角度を補間するC軸補間処理手段と、
前記補間されたC軸角度に基づいて、X軸位置を補間するX軸補間処理手段と、
を備え、
前記数値制御装置は、C軸の速度を等速度に維持しながらC軸を回転させるとともに、仮想Y軸が略直線で移動するように、X軸位置を制御する
ことを特徴とする数値制御装置。 - 前記等速度は、C軸の許容速度範囲における最高速度であり、
前記数値制御装置は、C軸の速度を前記最高速度に維持しながらC軸を回転させるとともに、仮想Y軸が略直線で移動するように、X軸位置を制御する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の数値制御装置。 - C軸の許容速度範囲から1つの速度を選択する選択手段をさらに備え、
前記数値制御装置は、C軸の速度を前記選択された1つの速度に維持しながらC軸を回転させるとともに、仮想Y軸が略直線で移動するように、X軸位置を制御する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の数値制御装置。
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012545003A JP5159997B1 (ja) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | 数値制御装置 |
| DE201211000332 DE112012000332B4 (de) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | Numerische Steuervorrichtung |
| US13/821,904 US9304503B2 (en) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | Numerical control device configured to reduce a machining cycle time of a machine tool that does not move along Y-axis |
| PCT/JP2012/063615 WO2013179366A1 (ja) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | 数値制御装置 |
| CN201280003015.2A CN103562808B (zh) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | 数控装置 |
| TW101143210A TW201348905A (zh) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-11-20 | 數值控制裝置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/063615 WO2013179366A1 (ja) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | 数値制御装置 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2013179366A1 true WO2013179366A1 (ja) | 2013-12-05 |
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| PCT/JP2012/063615 Ceased WO2013179366A1 (ja) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | 数値制御装置 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9304503B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5159997B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN103562808B (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112012000332B4 (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW201348905A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2013179366A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5669993B1 (ja) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-02-18 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 数値制御装置 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2014038002A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-13 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 数値制御装置 |
| JP6077601B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-22 | 2017-02-08 | ファナック株式会社 | 加工プログラムのサイクルタイムを短縮する数値制御装置 |
| CN104238460A (zh) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-24 | 北京配天技术有限公司 | 一种工件的协同加工方法、系统及协同控制方法、装置 |
| EP3196721B1 (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2019-07-31 | Nakamura-Tome Precision Industry Co., Ltd | Turning method for suppressing chatter vibration and machine tool |
| JP6700061B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-20 | 2020-05-27 | 中村留精密工業株式会社 | 旋削加工方法及びそれを用いた工作機械 |
| JP6312725B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-23 | 2018-04-18 | ファナック株式会社 | スカイビング加工におけるテーパ加工でのテーパ角補正機能を有する数値制御装置 |
| DE112017008204T5 (de) * | 2017-12-18 | 2020-08-06 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Numerisches Steuergerät |
| JP7020367B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-26 | 2022-02-16 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | 数値制御装置 |
| CN113359619B (zh) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-09-16 | 意特利(上海)科技有限公司 | 一种立卧转换五轴机床的转台惯量自适应控制方法 |
| CN114434241B (zh) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-06-02 | 西门子(中国)有限公司 | 控制石磨机横梁运动的方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质 |
| JP7528347B1 (ja) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-08-05 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 情報処理装置、ncプログラムの生成方法およびプログラム |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JPWO2013179366A1 (ja) | 2016-01-14 |
| US20130317641A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
| JP5159997B1 (ja) | 2013-03-13 |
| TW201348905A (zh) | 2013-12-01 |
| CN103562808A (zh) | 2014-02-05 |
| DE112012000332T5 (de) | 2014-12-24 |
| US9304503B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 |
| DE112012000332B4 (de) | 2015-05-07 |
| CN103562808B (zh) | 2015-06-03 |
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