Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
  • B62L—BRAKES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES
  • B62L5/00—Brakes, or actuating mechanisms therefor, controlled by back-pedalling

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for a pedal drive vehicle for selectively switching between a drive mode and an eccentric braking mode according to the preamble of claim 1, to a vehicle with pedal drive and an inventive device according to the preamble of claim 19 and to a method for the eccentric muscle training with a vehicle according to the invention according to the preamble of claim 28.
• the pedals are usually kicked forward, which causes optimal stress on the joints and the muscles.
• the pedals can stand still and a freewheel mechanism lets the wheels roll freely without the pedals turning.
• brakes brake shoes, drum brakes, disc brakes or other energy conversion mechanisms via a hand lever or a withdrawal mechanism are used.
• the gearbox mounted in the bottom bracket makes it possible to change the direction of travel by switching.
• the direction of rotation remains Sprockets of the drive device the same.
• the reverse gear comprises a planetary gear with a planet carrier, which is releasably blockable by means of snap-in pins and against a vehicle frame. Therefore, this known device has the disadvantage that the switching operation of the reverse gear by the engagement or disengagement of the pins in the planet carrier is abrupt, so that a switching operation while driving is dangerous or can lead to a fall or damage to the drive device especially at high speed ,
• the invention aims to remedy this situation.
• the invention has for its object to provide a device for a vehicle with pedal drive for selectively switching between a drive mode and an eccentric braking mode, which allows in particular during driving a shock-free switching operation of the reverse gear, so that the safety of the driver when switching the device from Drive in the braking mode and vice versa is not endangered.
• the invention solves the stated object with a device for a vehicle with pedal drive for selectively switching between a drive mode and an eccentric braking mode, which has the features of claim 1, as well as with a vehicle with pedal drive and an inventive device, which has the features of claim 19 and with a method for the eccentric muscle training with a vehicle according to the invention according to the preamble of claim 28.
• any driving movement of the driver (forward pedal) is first decelerated and then gradually goes into a forced backward movement of the pedals. By pressing against the pedals, the driver can thus generate the braking effect on the wheel in return. If the driver does not move forward and If the legs "hang" (main freewheel in the hub), the movement will start directly on the half-way backward with the movement;
• the driver can exercise a static braking force by not fully tightening the brake device. It is thus quite possible by easy grind the brake device and static back pressure of the legs (static holding force) to produce a braking effect.
• the braking power is, however, then initiated as friction in the brake disc similar to a conventional disc brake. Only a small part comes as a burden on the leg muscles;
• a compact design of the device is achievable, so that only a few changes to an existing bike must be made. It is also possible to make only a conversion of existing bicycles.
• a conventional derailleur cassette with overrunning clutch can be used so that all components from the pedal to the derailleur cassette of a conventional pinion gearshift can be used according to the standard of existing bicycles.
• the muscles are stretched against their resistance and so loaded and trained in other ways than in concentric training. Advantages of this reversal of motion are reduced oxygen consumption for the same work up to a factor of 5 with the same or even increased muscle growth.
• the muscles and joints are loaded with the same force vectors in the braking movement as in the active forward movement of the bicycle, but just in the opposite direction of movement of the muscles (ie, for example, pedals and feet turn backwards braking while, for example, the bicycle rolls downhill).
• the reverse gear is designed as a planetary gear with a sun gear, a plurality of planetary gears rotatably arranged planetary gears and a ring gear with internal teeth, wherein the planet carrier is releasably lockable by means of the braking device.
• the device for a pedal drive vehicle, which allows selective switching between a drive mode and an eccentric brake mode, the device comprises:
• the reverse gear is designed as a planetary gear and comprises an inner shaft with a sun gear, designed as a planet carrier medium hollow shaft with a plurality of planet gears and a ring gear with internal teeth comprehensive outer hollow shaft;
• the switching device is designed as a braking device for the middle hollow shaft.
• the planetary gear comprises an inner shaft with the sun gear, a center carrier forming the planet carrier Hollow shaft with the planetary gears and a ring gear with internal teeth comprehensive outer hollow shaft.
• a direction of rotation in the same direction between the inner shaft and the outer hollow shaft can be generated and when the reversing gear is an opposite direction of rotation between the inner shaft and the outer hollow shaft generated.
• the central hollow shaft of the planetary gear by means of the braking device relative to a vehicle frame is rotatably releasably blocked.
• each of the planet gears is formed as a gear pair.
• Demanded is the opposite: when braking at high speeds, the pedal should move only slowly (with low pedaling frequency) backwards, so that the driver must generate large braking torques / can. For this reason, a translation is installed with the gear pair. The ratio of this translation can be determined by a choice of gear diameter.
• each pair of gears comprises a first gear and coaxial therewith a larger second gear, the first gear meshing with the sun gear and the second gear meshing with the internal gear ring gear in the outer sleeve.
• the device is in reverse drive in a drive mode and between the central hollow shaft and each planetary gear planetary clutch is arranged, which prevents in the drive mode with driven inner shaft rotation of the planet gears relative to the central hollow shaft.
• the device comprises means for torque absorption, by means of which the central hollow shaft is releasably blockable relative to a vehicle frame.
• the braking device is designed as a disc brake.
• the brake device comprises brake shoes and the means for torque absorption are formed as connected to the brake shoes arm for torque absorption, wherein the arm for torque absorption is preferably fixable to a vehicle frame.
• the reverse gear when the brake device is released, the reverse gear is turned off and the device is in a drive mode while the brake is applied, the reverse gear is on and the device is in an eccentric braking mode.
• the outer hollow shaft is designed as a wheel hub for a rear wheel of a vehicle with pedal drive.
• drive means are arranged on the inner shaft, which comprise one or more sprockets, pulleys or elements of a cardan drive.
• the device comprises a one-way clutch, which is arranged between the inner shaft and the drive means and prevents in drive mode with driven drive means rotation of the drive means relative to the inner shaft.
• the inner shaft is formed as a hollow shaft.
• the inner shaft can be mounted on the axle of a bicycle rear wheel. About such a commercial axis, the entire device can be fixed, for example, with quick releases on the rear fork of a bicycle frame.
• the device comprises a brake / idle system which can be activated when the reversing gear is switched on and, in the braking mode, causes alternating braking and idling modes of the drive means.
• the advantage of this embodiment is that the braking / idling system can execute alternating blocking and idling modes in rapid succession, eg, clamping and releasing movements, resulting in jarring of the pedals during braking loading (jarring mechanism).
• the device comprises a measuring device for measuring the braking power in the braking mode and / or the drive power in the drive mode and preferably a microcomputer.
• the measuring device can be installed, for example, in the rear hub of the vehicle.
• this comprises a measuring device for measuring the brake power in the braking mode and / or the drive power in the drive mode and preferably a microcomputer.
• the measuring device can be installed, for example, in the rear hub of the vehicle. With a built-in computer and a simultaneous pulse measurement, the vehicle can also be used therapeutically or for competitive sports.
• the vehicle comprises an electric drive, by means of which the vehicle can be driven in the forward direction, and which is preferably arranged in the region of a crank on a vehicle frame.
• the electric drive comprises a programmable microcomputer, by means of which the driving force and / or the rotational speed of the electric drive is adjustable.
• a diagnosis or a therapy can be programmed.
• the more a trainee is allowed to brake in brake mode, that is eccentrically trained the faster the bicycle is driven by the electric drive, whereby a motivating effect is achievable.
• the vehicle comprises a force sensor, by means of which the driving force of the electric drive can be regulated. That's the advantage achievable that at a certain selected speed, the drive power can be adapted to the needs of the user.
• the electric motor can also be operated as a generator.
• an additional motor / generator group is arranged on the at least one rear wheel.
• the first one is connected to the bottom bracket and thus in direct mechanical contact with the driver.
• the engine in the bottom bracket can also be operated as a generator.
• the connection between the two functional groups is an electrical storage / battery.
• the engine in the bottom bracket
• the motor acts as a generator and powers the battery.
• the functional group on the rear wheel Due to the mechanical decoupling of the two functional groups, the system is very variable.
• the vehicle can be used for eccentric muscle training. Another preferred use of the vehicle is to be seen in diagnostic and / or therapeutic procedures, in particular in the rehabilitation training of cardiac patients.
• the vehicle according to the invention can be operated stationarily by electrically driven rollers.
• the energy consumption and thus the circulation load is significantly lower with eccentric muscle work than with comparable concentric load.
• the musculoskeletal system (muscles, vision, ligaments, bones and joints) is disproportionately burdened compared to the circulatory system. This property can be used, for example, in the rehabilitation training of cardiac patients.
• the vehicle is driven in the forward direction by driving downhill.
• the driving of the vehicle in the forward direction can be effected by an electric motor.
• Fig. 1 is a perspective sectional view of an embodiment of the inventive device
• FIG. 2 shows a side view of a bicycle with the embodiment of the device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the detail A in Fig. 2nd
• the illustrated in Fig. 1 embodiment of the inventive device 30 essentially comprises an optional on and off reversible gear 23, which is connectable to a drive device 21 of a vehicle with pedal drive, and a switching device 5 for switching on and off of the reverse gear 23.
• Die Umschaltvoriques 15 includes a braking device 7, by means of which the reversing gear 23 is switched from the drive mode to the braking mode.
• the reversing gear 23 is formed as a planetary gear 10 and includes an inner shaft 4 with a sun gear 37, designed as a planet carrier 27 middle hollow shaft 9 with a plurality of planetary gears 16 and a ring gear with internal teeth 38 comprehensive outer hollow shaft 11.
• the switching device 15 includes a disc brake trained braking device 7, by means of which the planet carrier 27, ie the central hollow shaft 9 relative to a vehicle frame 35 (Fig. 2) is rotatably releasably blocked. When the brake device 7 is released, the planetary gear 10 is blocked so that a direct torque transmission from the drive means 21 (FIG. 2) via the reversing gear 23 to the rear wheel 33 of a bicycle takes place.
• FIG. 2 and 3 show an embodiment of a bicycle 20, which comprises a special rear wheel 33 with an inventive device 30 according to FIG.
• the bicycle 20 essentially comprises a vehicle frame 35 with a steering device 42, a front wheel 41 attached to the steering device 42 by means of a first wheel axle, a rear wheel 33 with the inventive device 30 according to FIG. 1, which can be fastened to the vehicle frame 35 by means of a second wheel axle and a drive device 21 with a pedals 22 drivable pedal crank 24 and arranged between the pedal crank 24 and the at least one rear wheel 33 chain drive 29.
• the chain drive 29 may be provided a belt drive or cardan drive.
• the reversing gear 23 is switched off and the device 30 is in a drive mode, so that the bicycle 20 can be driven in the forward direction via the pedals 22 and the drive device 21.
• the reverse gear 23 is turned on and the bicycle 20 can be braked when driving downhill or when the electric drive from the driver by eccentric braking.
• the outer hollow shaft 11 is formed as a hub for the rear wheel 33 of the bicycle 20 (FIG. 2) and includes at each end a flange with sockets 12 for the spokes of the rear wheel 33.
• the inner shaft 4 comprises drive means 1 serving as a changer cassette commercially available pinion circuit are formed and includes a plurality of sprockets 19. Alternatively, instead of the sprockets 19, pulleys or elements of a cardan drive may be provided as drive means 1.
• the inner shaft 4 is formed as a hollow shaft and thus can be mounted on the axle 6 of the rear wheel 33 of the bicycle 20.
• the entire inventive Device 30 can thus be fixed to the rear fork of the vehicle frame 35 ( Figures 2 and 3).
• the inventive device 30 according to FIG. 1 is designed as a special, functional hub for the rear wheel 35 of a bicycle 20 (FIGS. 2 and 3), the conversion of a commercially available bicycle 20 therefore only requires the installation of a rear wheel 35 comprising the device 30 according to the invention plus a torque-receiving arm 14, which is attachable to the vehicle frame 35, and a shift lever 43 in the driver-reachable area on the steering device 42.
• All of the components from the pedal crank 24 to the changer cartridge of a conventional pinion gearshift can be used in accordance with the standard of existing bicycles 20.
• the interface between the inventive device 30 according to FIG. 1 and a conventional bicycle 20 are the drive means 1, which in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 comprise a change-over cassette, resp. the groove seat 2 of the changer cassette on the sleeve 25.
• the drive means 1 which in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 comprise a change-over cassette, resp. the groove seat 2 of the changer cassette on the sleeve 25.
• a sleeve 25 is arranged, which is rotationally rigidly connected by means of the groove seat 2 with the sprockets 19.
• Fig. 1 is located directly under the seat of the rotationally rigidly connected to the sprockets 19 bushing 25, the overrunning clutch 3, which detects when rotating the sprockets 19 in a clockwise direction (arrow U) designed as a hollow shaft inner shaft 4 and moved. In the opposite direction (counterclockwise) is no coupling between the rotationally rigidly connected to the sprockets 19 sleeve 25 and the inner shaft 4 instead.
• the switching device 15 comprises a braking device 7 for the central hollow shaft 9 of the planetary gear 10.
• the braking device 7 is designed as a commercially available disc brake (strong model as for down-hill bikes), the brake disc 8 is mounted according to the inventive device 30 comprehensive special hub ,
• the brake device 7 comprises brake shoes 13 and means for torque absorption, the latter one connected to the brake shoes 13 Arm 14 for torque absorption include.
• the arm 14 for torque absorption is attached to the vehicle frame 35 in the region of the axis 6 of the rear wheel 33 and is supported or fixed with its first end 31 in the region of the pedal crank 24 on the vehicle frame 35 (FIG. 3), so that the lever length of the arm 14 for the torque absorption large braking forces can be absorbed.
• the brake shoes 13 are attached to the second end 32 of the arm 14 for torque absorption, so that when the reversing gear, ie when the brake device 7, the brake disc 8 and thus the central hollow shaft 9 of the reverse gear 23 are rotatably fixed relative to the vehicle frame 35.
• the planetary gear 10 comprises a sun gear 37 which is fixed on the inner shaft 4, a hollow gear with internal teeth 38 outer hollow shaft 11 and a plurality of planetary gears 16 which are each fixedly arranged on a Planetenradachse 26 and smaller coaxial gear pairs with a first gear 39th and a second gear 40 are formed. In this case, engages the first gear 39 in the sun gear 37 and the larger diameter having second gear 40 is connected to the internal teeth 38 in the ring gear on the outer hollow shaft 11 in engagement.
• the planet gears 16 are rotatably supported by the Planetenradachsen 26 on the central hollow shaft 9.
• the Planetenradachsen 26 are each mounted by means of a Planetenradkepplung 17 in the central hollow shaft 9.
• the planet gears 16 can not rotate counterclockwise (arrow G) relative to the central hollow shaft 9, there is a direct torque transmission from the inner shaft 4 to the outer hollow shaft 11.
• the planetary gear 10 is blocked in this case.
• the torque generated by the driver acts via the drive means 21 on one of the sprockets 19 on the drive means designed as a changeover cassette 1 and drives the inner shaft 4 on which the sun gear 37 is seated, since the overrunning clutch 3 in the drive direction relative movements between the Sprockets 19 and the inner shaft 4 blocked.
• the sun gear 37 transmits the torque to the planet gears 16, which in turn are mounted on the central hollow shaft 9 via the Planetenradkepplonne 17.
• the planet gears 16 which in turn are mounted on the central hollow shaft 9 via the Planetenradkepplonne 17.
• the planet gears 16 In the drive mode with clockwise driven inner shaft 4 (rotation according to arrow U) prevent the Planetenradkepplept 17 a counter rotation of the sun gear 37 and planetary gears 16.
• the whole planetary gear 10 is thus blocked and rotates like a conventional, rigid hub to the main bearing 5.
• Die Brake device 7 is not energized, ie Both the brake disc 8 and thus also middle hollow shaft 9 can rotate freely relative to the vehicle frame 35.
• the wheel-driver system moves due to gravity (sloping track) or inertia (flat or slightly rising track) without drive with the speed v> 0.
• the bicycle 20 can also be driven by an electric drive, which is preferably arranged at the bottom bracket on the vehicle frame 35 and is connected to the pedal crank 24.
• the rear wheel 33 and thus also the outer hollow shaft 11 then rotate in the direction of travel about the axis 6.
• the brake device 7 is tightened and the brake shoes 13 block the brake disc 8 and thus also the central hollow shaft 9, which is rigidly connected to the brake disc 8.
• the central hollow shaft 9 can then move relative to the vehicle frame 35 no longer.
• the outer hollow shaft 11 with the internal gear 38 comprising a ring gear forces the planet gears 16 to rotate about its own axis - in the clockwise direction, ie in the direction of rotation, which allow the planetary clutch 17. Because central hollow shaft 9 is fixed by the braking device 7, the Movement of the planetary gears 16 transmitted to the sun gear 37 and thus to the inner hollow shaft 4.
• the planetary gear 10 completes the reversal of the sense of rotation, so that the inner shaft 4 and the outer hollow shaft 11 now rotate in the counterclockwise direction.
• the overrunning clutch 3 in turn blocked in this direction of rotation, the relative movement between the inner shaft 4 and the groove seat 2 of the drive means 1. It thus comes to a power transmission from the wheel to the sprockets 19 and the chain to the pedal crank 24, wherein the directions of rotation of the rear wheel 35 and the pedal crank 24 are in opposite directions.
• the vehicle may further comprise a measuring device for measuring the brake power in the braking mode and / or the drive power in the drive mode, and preferably a microcomputer.
• the measuring device may be installed in the hub of the rear wheel 33 of the bicycle 20.

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Cited By (2)

Citations (5)

• 2012
  • 2012-03-28 WO PCT/CH2012/000068 patent/WO2013143005A1/fr not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (5)

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