WO2013030241A1 - Optical waveguide body and light-permeable composite body, and method for production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An optical waveguide body for a light-permeable composite body, a light-permeable composite body and a method for the production of an optical waveguide body and of a light-permeable composite body are provided. Photovoltaic cells can be arranged on the surface of the optical waveguide body, which are then, after production of the composite body, substantially completely embedded in the filling material of the composite body. Photovoltaic cells can also be applied to the surface of the composite body. The photovoltaic cells are preferably applied in a vapor deposition process.

Description

 Light guide body and translucent composite body

 and process for their preparation

Field of the invention

The invention relates to light-conducting bodies, in particular for light-permeable composite bodies, translucent composite bodies, and to processes for producing light-conducting bodies and translucent composite bodies.

Background of the invention and prior art

Light-conducting components or translucent composite bodies are known from the prior art. For example, from DE 10 2007 013 199 Al a translucent component of a multilayer composite component is known, which can be used for facades and other structures, especially in the outdoor area. The multi-layer composite component has predominantly a concrete-bonded material structure with light-conducting bodies, which are arranged in the manufacture of the component in a predominantly parallel arrangement to each other in the interior of the component and form the component at least partially translucent. The multi-layer composite component has a plurality of layers of concrete and insulating material, which are penetrated by a light guide, wherein the light guide are stored in the manufacture of the multi-layer composite component in a mold. The disadvantage here, however, is that always several layers are required with recordings for the light guide, so that the entire multi-layer composite component in its production is relatively labor-intensive and costly. From DE 93 10 500 Ul a translucent component has become known, are cast in the optical fiber cable in a structural element made of concrete or concrete and at least one other material. The optical fiber cables usually consist of several optical fiber bundles, which are surrounded by a light-impermeable, insulating sheath. Such optical fiber cables are relatively limp and therefore are not suitable to be introduced or poured into a component without further precautions. For example, during a pouring process, parts of the optical fiber cables may be bent or even sheared off. Furthermore, an additional strength for this concrete element is not guaranteed by the pliable optical fiber cable.

Object of the invention

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a light guide and a translucent composite body and method for their preparation, which allow a much simpler, more cost-effective production of a light-conducting body or a translucent composite body.

Inventive solution

This object is achieved by a light guide body, in particular for a translucent composite body, a translucent composite body and method for producing a light-conducting body and a light-transmissive composite body according to the independent claims. In front- Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims.

Accordingly, there is provided a light guide body, in particular for a translucent composite body, comprising a substantially flat base plate having an upper side and a lower side and at least one Lichtleitstift, wherein the at least one Lichtleitstift is arranged substantially perpendicular to the base plate. The base plate may have on the top and / or bottom of a number of pins, wherein the at least one light guide pin is connected substantially positively and / or non-positively with a pin.

Because the light guide pins can be plugged positively and / or non-positively on the pins of the base plate, a light guide can be produced, which can be adapted to specific needs by about individual Lichtleitstifte can be omitted.

The light guide pin and the pins may comprise a light-conducting material, preferably polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or glass, the base plate having a light-conducting material at least in the region of the pins.

At least some of the light guide pins may have an axial projection on the end facing away from the base plate. The axial projection can preferably be designed as a cylindrical bolt. Cover plates of a composite body can be attached to these bolts.

At the end facing the base plate, the light guide pins can have a blind hole corresponding to the journal, in which the journal can be arranged in a form-locking and / or force-locking manner. Preferably, the Lichtleitstifte at the top and the Lichtleitstifte at the bottom are aligned.

The pin and / or the axial projection may have a circumferential groove for receiving a sealing element and / or a retaining ring.

The invention further provides a light guide body, comprising a number of light guide pins and a number of connection segments, the light guide pins having a light-conducting material and each having at least one Lichtein- entrance surface and at least one light exit surface, and wherein the connecting segments each connect two Lichtleitstifte together Light entry surfaces and the light exit surfaces of each connected Lichtleitstifte are substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the light guide pins connecting connecting segment.

Preferably, the light entry surfaces and the light exit surfaces each have the same distance from the longitudinal axis of the light guide.

The light-conducting material of the light guide body according to the invention may comprise polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or glass.

At least partially photovoltaic cells may be arranged on the surface of the light guide body according to the invention. Thus, the light or sunlight directed into a room interior can also be used to generate energy.

It has proven to be advantageous if the photovoltaic cells are covered with a protective layer. This can ensure that the photovoltaic cells are not damaged when pouring the cavities, such as concrete. The photovoltaic cells can be designed as thin-film cells, which facilitates application of the photovoltaic cells to the surface of the light-conducting bodies. On the surface of the light guide facing electrode (top electrode) of the photovoltaic cell, an anti-reflection layer may be applied so that as much light as possible can reach the photovoltaic cell, which increases the efficiency of the photovoltaic cell. Also provided is a method for producing a light-conducting body, in particular for a translucent composite body, wherein the light-guiding body has a substantially flat base plate, which has a number of pins on the top and / or bottom, and at least one light guide pin, which at one end having a blind hole comprises, wherein the at least one light guide pin is inserted with its blind hole on a pin of the base plate, so that between the pin and the Lichtleitstift an essentially positive and / or non-positive connection can be produced.

Before attaching the Lichtleitstiftes on the pin a sealing element or a locking ring can be arranged in a provided for receiving a sealing element or a locking ring groove on the pin.

Further, prior to attaching the Lichtleitstiftes on the pin on the surface of the pin and / or on the surface of the blind hole, an adhesive, preferably a light-transmitting adhesive, are applied.

Also provided is a method for producing a light-conducting body, in particular for a light-transmitting composite body according to the invention, wherein at least partially photovoltaic cells are applied or arranged on the surface of the light-guiding body. Thus, the light guiding body can be used not only to light in a translucent composite body from one side of the composite body to the other side of the composite body, but also to generate electricity from the light.

After applying the photovoltaic cells to the light guide, a protective layer can be applied to the photovoltaic cells. As a result, the photovoltaic cells can be protected against damage in the further processing of the light guide.

The photovoltaic cells can be designed as thin-film cells and preferably vapor-deposited onto the surface of the light-conducting body in a vapor deposition process.

An antireflection layer can be arranged between the photovoltaic cells and the surface of the light guide body, which is preferably vapor-deposited onto the surface of the light guide body.

Furthermore, a translucent composite body comprising a light guide body and a first cover plate is provided, wherein

 - The light guide body comprises a substantially planar configured base plate having an upper side and a lower side, wherein at the top a number of Lichtleitstiften are arranged substantially perpendicular to the base plate, wherein at least some of the Lichtleitstifte at the end facing away from the base plate an axial projection, which is preferably designed as a cylindrical bolt,

- The first cover plate has a number of corresponding with the axial projections breakthroughs, and

- The first cover plate is placed on the base plate remote from the ends of the Lichtleitstifte, so that the axial projections are each connected in a substantially positive and / or non-positively connected to the corresponding breakthrough. The base plate may have on the upper side a number of pins, the Lichtleitstifte at the end facing the base plate having a blind hole, each receiving a pin, and wherein the pins are connected substantially positive and / or non-positively connected to the blind hole of the respective Lichtleitstiftes ,

On the underside of the base plate, a second cover plate may be arranged, wherein the second cover plate has a number of openings, which are arranged substantially concentric with the pins.

The underside of the base plate may be configured substantially symmetrically to the upper side of the base plate, wherein on the underside a number of light guide pins are provided, which are arranged substantially like the light guide pins on the upper side corresponding to the underside.

The openings of the second cover plate may correspond to the axial projections of the light guide pins arranged on the underside, and the second cover plate may be placed on the ends of the light guide pins facing away from the base plate, so that the axial projections in each case substantially positively and / or non-positively with the corresponding breakthrough are connected.

The first cover plate and / or the second cover plate can be detachably mounted on the Lichtleitstifte.

On the base plate facing sides of the first cover plate and / or the second cover plate can be applied at least in the region of the openings a seal. On at least some of the light guide pins may be arranged in the region of the axial projection, a sealing element and / or a retaining ring. At the base plate facing sides of the first cover plate and / or the second cover plate may be arranged at least one fastening pin, which projects into the region between the cover plate and the base plate.

The fastening pin may have barb elements and / or bores.

The cavity formed by the cover plates or by a cover plate and the base plate may at least partially be filled with a filling material, preferably an insulating material and / or concrete. If the mounting pins protrude into the insulation and / or in the concrete a particularly stable attachment of the cover plates is achieved. Other fillers may also be used. The light guide pins and the pins may comprise a photoconductive material, preferably polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or glass. The base plate may have a light-conducting material at least in the region of the pins.

In the light guide body and / or in the composite body, the base plate may have a number of holes, which preferably completely penetrate the base plate.

In the light guide body and / or in the composite body, the sealing element may comprise an O-ring. The circlip can include a snap ring.

In the case of the light-conducting body and / or in the composite body, the sealing element and / or the securing ring may have a material that is essentially translucent. This largely prevents the sealing element and / or the retaining ring from impairing the aesthetic impression of the light-conducting body and / or of the composite body. In the case of the light-conducting body and / or in the composite body, the light-guiding pins can be cylindrical or conical. In the case of the light guide body and / or in the composite body, the axial projection may have a conical tip.

In the light guide body and / or in the composite body, the openings of the cover plates may each have a bevel corresponding to the conical dome.

On the side facing away from the base plate of the first cover plate and / or the second cover plate photovoltaic cells may be applied. This allows the surface to be used for power generation.

The photovoltaic cells may be provided with an antireflection coating.

The photovoltaic cells can be designed as thin-film cells and preferably vapor-deposited on the surface of the cover plates.

Also provided is a translucent composite body having a front side and a rear side comprising a preferably curable potting compound and at least one light guide body arranged in the potting compound, in particular light guide body according to the invention, wherein the at least one light guide body is arranged in the potting compound so that at least one light entry surface Lichtleitstiftes the light guide at the front and a light exit surface of at least one Lichtleitstiftes the light guide are visible on the back of the composite. At least partially photovoltaic cells may be arranged on the surface of the optical waveguide, the electrical connections of the photovoltaic cells being led out of the encapsulant.

Be provided between the photovoltaic cells and the potting compound, a protective layer.

On the front and / or on the back of the composite, i. photovoltaic cells can be applied to the front or rear surface of the hardened potting compound.

The photovoltaic cells may be provided with an antireflection coating.

The photovoltaic cells may be configured as thin-film cells and preferably vapor-deposited on the surface of the front side and / or the rear side of the composite body.

Furthermore, the invention provides a method for producing a translucent composite body, in particular a composite body according to the invention, wherein

 a number of light guide pins are arranged substantially perpendicular to the base plate on the upper side and / or underside of a substantially flat base plate, wherein at least some of the light guide pins have an axial projection at the end remote from the base plate, which is preferably designed as a cylindrical bolt, and

a cover plate which has a number of apertures corresponding to the axial projections, on which ends of the light guide pins remote from the base plate are placed, so that the axial projections are in each case connected in a form-fitting and / or force-locking manner to the corresponding aperture. On the upper side and / or lower side of the base plate, a number of pins may be provided, wherein the Lichtleitstifte at the base plate facing the end of a blind hole, each receiving a pin, and wherein the pins substantially positive and / or non-positively be connected to the blind hole of the respective Lichtleitstiftes.

Before placing the cover plate, seals may be applied to the cover plate on the side facing the base plate, at least in the region of the openings. In one embodiment of the invention, the seal can be applied over a surface area over substantially the entire surface.

At the axial projections, a sealing element and / or a retaining ring can be arranged.

After placing the cover plates, the cavity formed by the cover plates or by a cover plate and the base plate can be filled with a filling material, preferably an insulating material and / or concrete. Other suitable filling materials may be provided.

At the outer surface, i. On the visible surface of at least one cover plate photovoltaic cells can be applied to which preferably an anti-reflection layer is applied. The photovoltaic cells and / or the antireflection layer can be vapor-deposited.

Furthermore, a method for producing a translucent composite body is provided, wherein

- At least partially photovoltaic cells are applied to the surface of a light guide body according to the invention, - After application of the photovoltaic cells, the light guide is arranged in a mold, and

 - The mold is filled with a curable potting compound, preferably concrete, wherein the electrical connections of the photovoltaic cells are led out of the potting compound.

After applying the photovoltaic cells and prior to placing the light guide in the mold, the photovoltaic cells can be coated with a protective layer.

The photovoltaic cells can be produced by a vapor deposition method on the surface of the light guide body.

After the curing of the potting compound, it is possible to apply photovoltaic cells to the surface of the cured potting compound.

The photovoltaic cells applied to the surface of the cured potting compound can be provided with an antireflection coating. The photovoltaic cells on the surface of the hardened potting compound can be produced by a vapor deposition method on the surface of the cured potting compound.

Brief description of the figures

Further details and features of the invention and specific, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings. It shows: Fig. 1a is a front view of a translucent composite according to the invention having a number of recesses through which light can be passed through the composite body;

FIG. 1b shows the translucent composite body shown in FIG. 1a with an alternative arrangement of the recesses; FIG.

FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of a light-transmitting composite body according to the invention in a sectional view; FIG.

3 shows a second embodiment of a light-transmitting composite body according to the invention in a sectional view; FIG. 3a shows an alternative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3; FIG.

4 shows a further embodiment of a light-transmitting composite body according to the invention in a sectional view;

FIG. 4 a shows an alternative embodiment of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4; FIG.

Fig. 5 shows a still further example of a translucent invention

 Composite body in a sectional view;

Fig. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of a light-transmissive composite according to the invention in a sectional view; FIG. 7 shows a detail view AI according to FIG. 6; FIG.

FIG. 7a shows an alternative embodiment of the detailed view AI according to FIG. 6; FIG.

8a, 8b embodiments according to the invention of a light guide pin of the light guide according to the invention;

9 shows an embodiment according to the invention of a bolt on a light guide pin according to the invention and a corresponding configuration of a recess of a cover plate; 10 shows an inventive embodiment of a cover plate of a translucent composite body.

Fig. I Ia, I Ib two alternative embodiments of a Lichtleitstiftes invention of the light guide; 12 shows an embodiment of a pin of the base plate or a pin of a light-conducting pin with a sealing element arranged thereon;

13 shows a perspective view of a light-transmitting composite body according to the invention with a light guide body and two cover plates arranged thereon, which are each plugged onto the pins of the light guide pins;

FIG. 14 shows an alternative embodiment of a light-conducting body according to the invention in a perspective view; FIG.

15 shows a plate made of light-conducting or translucent material, from which a number of light-conducting bodies can be produced; 16 shows an exemplary embodiment of a light guide body according to the invention, on which photovoltaic cells are arranged;

17 shows an example of a light-transmissive composite according to the invention in a perspective view; and

18 shows a further example of a translucent composite body according to the invention in a perspective view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIG. 1 a shows a translucent composite body 1 according to the invention in a view from the front or in a plan view. Visible here is a front cover plate 25, which has a number of recesses, openings or holes 26. The holes 26 penetrate the front cover plate 25 completely. The holes 26 each take a bolt a Lichtleitstiftes a light guide according to the invention (which is not visible in Fig. La) on by the cover plate 25 is pressed onto the bolts 17 of the Lichtleitstifte. The bolts 17, the light guide pins and the base plate (which is not visible in FIG. 1 a) essentially have a light-conducting or translucent material, such that a light incident or introduced on the bolt 17 essentially reaches the rear side of the composite body 1 or from the back of the composite body 1 can reach to the pin 17 and can escape there. Fig. Lb shows a further embodiment of a light-transmitting composite body 1 according to the invention, wherein, in contrast to the embodiment of Fig. La, the recesses or holes 26 are arranged differently. As a result of the arrangement of the bores 26 and the corresponding arrangement of the light guide pins on the base plate of the light guide body, it is possible for example to form special patterns, for example numbers or letters.

The front cover plate 25 shown in FIG. 1a and FIG. 1b may, for example, comprise aluminum, another metal, plastic or wood. Of course, any other dimensionally stable material may be provided for producing the front-side cover plate 25. For the use of a translucent composite body 1 according to the invention as a facade element, however, it is advantageous if the front cover plate 25, if it faces the weather side, has a weather-resistant material. Fig. 2 shows a translucent composite according to the invention in a sectional view taken along the arrows AA of Fig. La. The translucent composite body essentially comprises a light guide body 10 and a front cover plate 25 and a rear cover plate 20. The light guide 10 essentially comprises a flat configured base plate 11 with a top O and a bottom U. At the top O are a number of light guide pins 15 arranged substantially perpendicular to the base plate 11. The light guide 10 is configured in one piece in this embodiment. The light-conducting body 10 has a light-conducting material, preferably polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or glass. The light-conducting body 10 can be produced in an injection molding process.

At least some of the light guide pins 15 have at the end facing away from the base plate 11 on an axial projection 17, which is preferably designed as a cylindrical bolt. The bolt 17, together with the base plate facing away from the end of the Lichtleitstiftes 15 a "shoulder" on the front cover plate 25 can be plugged or placed so that the bolts 17 protrude into corresponding recesses or holes 26 of the front cover plate 25 The bolt 17 or the corresponding recesses 26 of the front cover plate 25 are preferably configured such that the bolts 17 each have a substantially positive locking and / or non-positive fit into the corresponding recesses 26 The front cover plate 25 can be introduced and thereby connect the front cover plate 25 substantially form-fitting and / or non-positively with the light guide 10. This makes a particularly simple mounting of the cover plate 25 allows.

It is also possible that only some of the light guide pins 15 have a corresponding pin 17, so that the front cover plate 25 only rests on the light guide pins without bolts. On the recesses or holes 26 in the field of light guide pins without bolts can be omitted here. The light guide pin 15 acts in this area substantially like a resistor, which prevents bending of the front cover plate 25 as far as possible. FIG. 2 likewise shows a rear cover plate 20 which likewise has a number of recesses or bores 21, wherein the bores 21 are arranged substantially concentrically with respect to the light guide pins arranged on the upper side O. At the bores 21 of the rear cover plate 20, light can pass to the light guide body 10 or be introduced into the light guide body 10, which can exit at the bolt 17 (the open areas on the underside U of the base plate 11 each form a light entry surface 15a or 15a) Light exit surface 15b). Conversely, light can also enter the bolt 17 and exit at the rear of the translucent composite body in the region of the bores 21 of the rear cover plate 20.

As can be seen in Fig. 2, the recesses or holes 21 of the rear cover plate 20 may have different diameters. Likewise, the pins 17 on the light guide pins 15 each have a different diameter. The bores 21 and 26 of the rear cover plate 20 and the front cover plate 25 are designed here essentially as round holes. The recesses 21 and / or 26 may also have a different shape. For example, the recesses may have a square or rectangular shape, which ultimately depends on the aesthetic requirements of the translucent composite body.

2, a translucent composite body with a rear cover plate 20 is shown. In a particular embodiment of the invention can also be dispensed with on the back cover plate 20, so that essentially over the entire region of the base plate 11 light can enter or exit.

The front cover plate 25 may be made of a metal such as aluminum. The back cover plate 20 may be made of the same material as the front cover plate 25 or of another material, such as wood or plastic. In one embodiment of the invention, the front and / or the rear cover plate can be detachably applied to the light guide, so that the cover can also be removed if necessary and / or possibly replaced by another cover plate, such as a cover from another material can be. This provides a particularly flexible system of a composite body according to the invention.

The base plate 11 of the light guide 10 and the front cover plate 25 together form a cavity 30, which may be filled with a filler according to an embodiment of the invention or can be filled. As a filling material, for example, an insulating material may be provided. Alternatively it can be provided as a filler and a curable potting compound, such as concrete or plastic. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least some of the light guide pins 15 photovoltaic cells 37 may be arranged. The light entering the Lichteintrittsfiäche 15 a and in the light leitstift scattering light can thereby be used at least partially for power generation. The photovoltaic cells 37 can be glued onto the light guide pins 15. However, it has proved to be particularly advantageous if the photovoltaic cells 37 are vapor-deposited as thin-film cells on the light-conducting pins, for which purpose vapor deposition methods known per se can be used. Furthermore, photovoltaic cells 37 can also be applied to the upper side O and / or to the underside U of the base plate 11 in order to be able to use light scattering in the base plate to generate electricity.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention can be applied to the front cover plate 25 and / or on the back cover plate 20 photovoltaic cells, which are not shown in Fig. 2. An example of an invented The translucent composite body according to the invention with photovoltaic cells on the front and / or rear cover plate is shown with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a light-transmitting composite body according to the invention in a sectional view along the arrows AA of FIG. 1a. The translucent composite body 1 according to FIG. 3 differs from the translucent composite body according to FIG. 2 in that the base plate 11 of the optical waveguide 10 has a number of recesses, apertures or holes 14 which preferably completely penetrate the base plate. The bores 14 of the base plate 11 are particularly advantageous if on the underside U of the base plate 11 also light guide pins 15 are arranged, on which a rear cover plate 20 can be applied or attached, as for example with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG 6 is shown. However, the bores 14 of the base plate 11 can also be provided if no light guide pins are provided on the underside U of the base plate 11 and the rear cover plate 20 is applied directly to the base plate 11. The base plate 11 can be fixed to the base plate 11, for example by means of an adhesive bond.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, fastening pins 50 are arranged on the front cover plate 25 and / or on the rear cover plate 20, which project into the region between cover plate 25, 20 and base plate 11. The fastening pin 50 can be provided, if the cavity 30 is filled with a filling material, the cover plate 25 and 20 additionally secure by the fixing pins are positively or positively connected to the filler. Preferred embodiments of the fixing pins are shown with reference to FIG. Also in the embodiment of a light-transmitting composite body according to the invention shown in FIG. 3, the light guide pins 15 and / or at the base plate 11 photovoltaic cells 37 may be applied. Furthermore, photovoltaic cells can also be applied to the front-side cover plate 25 and / or to the rear-side cover plate 20 here as well. FIG. 3a shows an alternative embodiment of the embodiment of a composite body according to the invention shown in FIG.

The light guide pins 15 have in the upper region a radial projection (shoulder) whose diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the openings of the front cover plate 25. The cover plate 25 can thus rest on the radial projections. Below the radial projection, the diameter of the light guide pins 15 decreases, so that for the production of the Lichtleitstifte 15 much less material is needed. Preferably, the diameter of the Lichtleitstifte 15 below the radial projections about the same size as the diameter of the axial projection 17th

The light guide pins have a lens 16 at the upper end or at the axial projection 17. The lens 16 may be made of the same material as the light guide pin. This makes it possible to design the light guide pin and the lens 16 in one piece (compare right light guide body in Fig. 3a), so that the light guide pin 15 and the lens 16 form a unit and can be manufactured in one manufacturing step. The lens is preferably convex.

Alternatively, the lens 16 may also be made separate from the light guide pin 15 and applied to the light guide pin 15 during assembly of the composite body. The application of the lens 16 can take place with a preferably translucent adhesive, or by form-fitting placement in the openings of the front cover plate 25. In this embodiment, it is advantageous if the lens is designed plano-convex (see left light guide in Fig 3a). At the light guide pins 15, a photovoltaic cell 37 is arranged below the shoulders to generate current from the incident light. The photovoltaic cell 37 is preferably designed as a thin-layer cell, which can be vapor-deposited onto the surface of the light-guiding pins. This allows a particularly simple production of Lichtleitstifte with integrated solar cells.

The lens 16 ensures that also obliquely incident light can optimally reach the back of the composite body and that as much light as possible can reach the photovoltaic cells 37.

In the cavity between the light guide pins 15 heating / cooling means are provided, which are designed here as tubes 35 and through which a thermal fluid can be passed. Through the pipes, a hot water or steam can be passed. The tubes may be arranged meandering. It may be provided with a larger diameter tube or a plurality of smaller diameter tubes. The heating / cooling devices 35 may be provided in all of the embodiments of a composite body according to the invention shown here.

With the help of the heating / cooling devices, the inside of a façade can be heated (or cooled in summer). In this case, it is advantageous to insulate the outside of the composite body. For this purpose, an insulating layer 36 can be provided on the side of the front-side cover plate 25 facing the base plate 11. Instead of the insulating layer but also a corresponding heat-insulating material for the front cover plate 25 may be provided. In any case, it is advantageous to arrange the heating / cooling devices 35 as close as possible to the base plate 11, in particular when the cavity 30 is filled with a filling material. In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 3 a, photovoltaic cells can also be applied to front-side cover plate 25 and / or to rear-side cover plate 20. FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a translucent composite body according to the invention in a sectional view along the arrows AA of FIG. 1a.

The base plate 11 has a number of recesses or holes 14, which completely penetrate the base plate. On the holes 14 but can also be dispensed with, as shown for example in Fig. 2. The base plate

11 has at the top O a number of pins 12, which are arranged substantially perpendicular to the base plate. The base plate 11 and the pins

12 are configured in one piece, wherein the base plate 11 can be made with the pins 12 disposed thereon in an injection molding process.

At the pin 12, a light guide pin 15 is arranged substantially perpendicular to the base plate 11 and substantially form-fitting and / or non-positively connected to the pin 12. The Lichtleitstifte 15 have at the base plate 11 facing the end of a pin 12 corresponding blind hole 13, so that the Lichtleitstift 15 can be plugged onto the pin 12 positively and / or non-positively to an independent release of the light guide pin 15 of the pin 12th essentially to prevent.

The light guide pin 15 has at the end facing away from the base plate 11 on an axial projection, which is designed as a pin 17. The bolt 17 essentially has a reduced diameter or a reduced edge length. After applying or attaching the Lichtleitstifte 15 on the pin 12, the front cover plate 25, which has the bolt 17 corresponding recesses or holes 26, applied to the Lichtleitstifte 15 or plugged, as already with reference to FIG explained. Both the light guide pins 15 and the base plate 11 with their pins 12 essentially have a light-transmitting or light-conducting material. It is preferable to use polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or glass as the light-transmissive material. For example, the base plate 11 may be made of glass and the light guide pins 15 made of PMMA.

On the underside U of the base plate 11, a back cover plate 20 is arranged, as already shown with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. The rear cover plate 20 has a number of apertures or bores 21, which are arranged essentially concentrically with the pins arranged on the upper side or base plate 11. Again, the holes 21 may each have a different diameter or a different shape. An essential advantage of the embodiment of the translucent composite body 1 or of the light-conducting body 10 shown in FIG. 4 is that the base plate 11 and the light-conducting pins 15 can be produced separately from one another and optionally from a different material. Another significant advantage is that the light guide 10 can be flexibly configured depending on the concrete requirements of the translucent composite body. For example, corresponding to only some of the pins 12 corresponding Lichtleitstifte 15 are plugged and a corresponding with the plugged light guide pins corresponding front cover plate 25 may be used. The advantage resides in that in each case the same base plate 11 can be used for different embodiments of the light-transmissive composite body, which in particular simplifies the production of the base plate 11 because the production of different base plates is avoided.

Photovoltaic cells 37 can be arranged on the light guide pins 15, which can be plugged onto the pins 12 of the base plate 11. For example, the photovoltaic cells 37 can be vapor-deposited onto the light guide pins become. The light guide pins together with the photovoltaic cells 37 applied thereto can be produced independently of the base plate in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 4, which considerably simplifies the application of the photovoltaic cells to the light guide pins.

FIG. 4 a shows an alternative embodiment of the embodiment of a composite body according to the invention shown in FIG. 4.

The Lichtleitstifte 15 are positively and / or non-positively arranged on the pin 12. The light guide pins 15 may have a shoulder as described with reference to FIG. 3a. Lens 16 are respectively arranged on the light guide pins or on the axial projections 17, as also described with reference to FIG. 3a. The lenses may have different surfaces or different radii of curvature. The surface of the lenses can also be formed from several planar surfaces.

The lenses 16 may comprise a photochromic coating or an electrochromic coating. This allows the lens to be dimmed automatically or when needed.

As also described with reference to FIG. 3a, photovoltaic cells are arranged on the light guide pins 15. Because the light guide pins, unlike the embodiment shown in Fig. 3a, are detachably connected to the base plate 11, they can be manufactured together with the photovoltaic cells arranged thereon separately from the base plate, which simplifies the manufacture.

In the case of the embodiments of the invention shown in FIGS. 4 and 4 a, photovoltaic cells can also be applied to front-side cover plate 25 and / or to rear-side cover plate 20. FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a translucent composite body according to the invention in a sectional view along the arrows AA of FIG. 1a. The base plate 11 substantially corresponds to the base plate as shown in FIG. In contrast to the base plate according to FIG. 3, in the base plate according to FIG. 5, light guide pins 15 are also arranged on the underside U, preferably concentric with the light guide pins 15 on the upper side O of the base plate 11. In this embodiment of the light guide body 10, it is advantageous to when the base plate 11 has a number of recesses or holes 14 which completely penetrate the base plate. As a result, the front cover plate 25 and the rear cover plate 20, which like the front cover plate can be applied to the light guide pins 15 arranged at the rear, form a cavity 30. The cavity 30 can be filled with a filling material as described with reference to FIGS 2, wherein the filling material also enters the bores 14 of the base plate 11, so that a stable connection of the filling material in the front-side cavity with the filling material in the rear cavity is made possible. As a filling material, for example, a curable potting compound, such as concrete can be used. Alternatively, an insulating material can also be used as filling material. Depending on the nature of the filling material, this can be poured into the cavity or the cavity can be foamed with this.

As can be seen in FIG. 5, some of the light guide pins 15 can also have a different diameter. For example, the third Lichtleitstift 15 on the underside U of the base plate has a larger diameter than the remaining Lichtleitstifte. The choice of the diameter of the light guide pins 15 or the bolt 17 depends essentially on the aesthetic requirements of the translucent composite body. The diameter of the light guide pins or the bolt can be between a few millimeters and several centimeters. 5, photovoltaic cells 37 can also be applied to the light guide pins 15 and / or to the base plate 11 in the case of the light guide body according to the invention with front and rear light guide pins. FIG. 6 shows a particularly preferred embodiment of a light-transmissive composite body according to the invention in a sectional view along the arrows AA of FIG. 1. The light-conducting body 10 essentially corresponds to the light-conducting body shown in FIG. In contrast to the light guide shown in Fig. 4, the base plate 1 1 on the bottom U pin 12, on which appropriately designed light guide pins 15 are plugged. Again, the base plate 11 can be made separately from the light guide pins 15. Because the light guide pins are attached to the pins 12 of the base plate 11, the base plate can be configured differently depending on the requirement. In the aforementioned embodiments of the invention, the base plate 11 comprises a light-transmissive material. It may be advantageous if the base plate 11 has a light-transmitting or light-conducting material only in the region of the pins 12 or in the region of the light guide pins 15. In the case of the embodiment of an optical waveguide shown in FIG. 6, too, the optical waveguide pins and / or photovoltaic cells may be applied to the baseplate.

In the embodiments of the invention shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, photovoltaic cells may be applied to the front cover plate 25 and / or the rear cover plate 20.

Shown here is an enlarged view of the remote from the base plate 11 free end of a Lichtleitstif- tes 15 with a pin 17 and a mounted on the pin 17 cover plate 25. The cover plate 25 can on the base plate 11 facing side or surface have a seal 40. The seal 40 may be applied to the entire surface of the cover plate 25. Alternatively, the seal 40 may also be applied only in the region of the recess or bore 26 of the cover plate 25.

The seal 40 can either be applied to the cover plate before applying or attaching the cover plate on the light guide 15 or applied to the Lichtleitstifte 15 before attaching the cover plate.

Shown here is an enlarged view of the remote from the base plate 11 free end of a Lichtleitstiftes 15 with a pin 17 and a plugged onto the pin 17 cover plate 25. Also in the Area of the pins 17 a seal 40 is provided, as described with reference to FIG. 7.

On the pin 17, a lens 16 may be arranged, as explained with reference to Fig. 3a and Fig. 4a. In an alternative embodiment, the lens 16a may have a diameter which is slightly larger than the diameter of the aperture 26. This alternative embodiment of the lens is shown in phantom in Fig. 7a.

FIGS. 8a and 8b each show alternative embodiments of a light guide pin 15. The light guide pin 15 according to FIG. 8a has a substantially cylindrical shape. The bolt 17 is also designed substantially cylindrical. Alternatively, the Lichtleitstift 15 also have a square or rectangular cross-section. Also, the bolt 17 may have a square or rectangular cross-section. Other cross sections for the Lichtleitstift 15 and / or for the bolt 17 are possible. The Lichtleitstift according to Fig. 8b has an upwardly tapered or conical shape, which is in the manufacture of a one-piece configured light guide, as shown with reference to FIG. 2, is advantageous because the light guide are particularly easy to remove from an injection mold can. The bolt 17, however, has a cylindrical shape. The bolt 17 may also have a rectangular, square or other suitable cross section here, although the diameter or the side lengths remain the same over the entire height, in order to ensure a force-fitting application or attachment of the cover plate on the bolt 17.

Fig. 9 shows a preferred embodiment of a bolt 17 of a Lichtleitstiftes 15. The free end of the bolt 17 has a slight bevel 19, so that the bolt 17 forms a so-called conical tip at its free end. As a result, the attachment of the cover plate is facilitated on the bolt 17.

The cover plate 25 and the holes of the cover plate also have a bevel 29 corresponding to the chamfer 19 of the bolt 17, so that after the application of the cover plate on the bolt 17 around the bolt circumferential recesses or gaps are avoided, in which For example, can settle dirt.

10 shows a cover plate 20, 25 with fastening pins 50a, 50b, 50c arranged thereon. In one embodiment, the attachment pin 50a has a barb element 51 at the free end. In a further embodiment, the fastening pin 50b has one or more holes 52, which preferably completely penetrate the fastening pin 50b. In a still further embodiment, the fastening pin 50c has both a barb element 51 and at least one bore 52. With the help of the barb elements 51 or the bore 52, the cover plate 20, 25, provided that the cavity 30 between the cover plate and the base plate 11 has a filling material, essentially chen positively connected to the filler material to prevent inadvertent release of the cover plate of the light guide as far as possible.

FIGS. 11a and 11b show different embodiments of a light guide pin 15 in a perspective view. 1a shows a cylindrical light guide pin 15 with a cylindrical pin 17. FIG. 1b shows a light guide pin 15 with a substantially square cross section and a pin 17, which likewise has a substantially square cross section. A photovoltaic cell (not shown here) can be arranged on the lateral surfaces of the light guide pins 15, which preferably covers the respective lateral surface substantially completely.

Fig. 12 shows an enlarged view of a pin or a bolt 17. On the pin 17 or a sealing element or a securing ring 60 may be arranged. Preferably, the pin or pin 17 has a circumferential groove 61 for receiving the sealing element or retaining ring 60. The sealing element may be about an elastic O-ring. As a circlip, for example, a snap ring may be provided. With the help of the sealing element, the cavity of the translucent composite body can be largely sealed. A seal 40, as described with reference to FIG. 7, can be dispensed with here.

The cover plate 20, 25 may have a groove 62 corresponding to the sealing element or securing ring 60 in the bores 21, 26. Furthermore, the blind hole 13 of the Lichtleitstiftes 15 may have a radial groove for receiving the sealing element and / or the retaining ring.

The sealing element and / or the retaining ring 60 preferably have a transparent, particularly preferably a light-conducting material in order not to influence the visual impression of the light-permeable composite body. With the retaining ring 60, which can be configured as a snap ring, a particularly stable attachment of the cover plate is achieved on the bolt 17. For this purpose, it is sufficient if only some of the light guide pins 15 have a corresponding snap ring.

Fig. 13 shows a translucent composite body 1 according to the invention in a perspective view. The translucent composite body comprises a light guide body 10, which consists of a base plate 11 with arranged at the top O and bottom U light guide pins 15, and an upper cover plate 25 and a lower cover plate 20. The upper and lower cover plate 25, 20 each have Recesses or holes on which guide pins with the pins 17 of the light correspond to the cover plate 25, 20 to the pins or on the light guide pins 15 can attach. Furthermore, the base plate 11 has a number of holes 14, which preferably completely penetrate the base plate.

At the top O and / or at the bottom U of the base plate 11 may at least partially photovoltaic Itaische cells 37 are applied. Preferably, the photovoltaic cells are produced by means of a vapor deposition method. In addition, photovoltaic cells can also be arranged on the lateral surfaces of the light guide pins. The electrical connections (not shown here) of the photovoltaic cells are led out of the composite body.

The cavity formed between the upper cover plate 25 and the lower cover plate 20 can be filled with a filling material, preferably an insulating material or concrete. Depending on the type of filling material, the filling material can be cast or the cavity can be foamed with the filling material. If seals 40 (see Fig. 7) and / or sealing elements 60 (see Fig. 12) are provided on the cover plates, it is also possible to apply fully to a filling material. be waived constantly. The upper cover plate 25 may be about a metal, preferably aluminum. The lower cover plate 20 may for example comprise wood. Thus, the translucent composite body can also be used as a facade element, the upper cover plate 25 being arranged on the weather side. Thus, a translucent composite body is provided, which is protected as a facade element on the weather side from weathering and which room side has a particularly attractive aesthetics.

The upper cover plate 25 and / or the lower cover plate 20 may be releasably connected to the light-emitting body 10. As a result, the cover plates can be replaced to achieve a different aesthetic effect if necessary or to replace damaged cover plates with new cover plates. Furthermore, the cover plates can also be provided merely to serve as shuttering panels during the production of a translucent composite body, which can be removed, for example, after the curing of a potting material.

Furthermore, photovoltaic cells can be applied to the upper cover plate 25 and / or to the lower cover plate 20, that is, to the sides of the cover plates 20 and 25 facing away from the base plate 11, respectively. Preferably, when mounting the photovoltaic cells, the recesses 26, into which protrude the pins 17 of the Lichtleitstifte, except. In this way, a composite according to the invention can be used not only for introducing light into a room, but also for generating electricity from e.g. Sunlight, which can be exploited particularly advantageous especially when the majority of the surfaces of the cover plates 20 and 25 is not pierced by pins 17 of the Lichtleitstifte.

FIG. 14 shows an alternative embodiment of a light-conducting body 10 according to the invention, which is adapted to produce a translucent composite body according to the invention. The light guide body 10 comprises a number of light guide segments 15. Each of the light guide segments 15 has a light entry surface 15a and a light exit surface 15b. In the embodiment of a light-conducting body according to the invention shown in FIG. 14, the light-guiding segments 15 are substantially cuboid-shaped, with two opposite side surfaces forming the light-entry or light-emitting surfaces 15a, 15b. The light entry surface 15a and the light exit surface 15b are arranged substantially parallel to each other. Furthermore, the light entry surfaces 15a and the light exit surfaces 15b of the light guide segments 15 are arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis LA of the light guide body 10.

The light-guiding segments 15 are connected to one another by way of connecting webs or connecting elements 27, wherein the connecting elements 27 rest in each case on a side surface between the light entry surface 15a and the light exit surface 15b.

The entire light guide body 10, ie, the Lichtleitsegmente 15 and the connecting segments 27 may be configured in one piece or in several parts. In a multi-part embodiment of the light guide body 10, a plurality of light guide body segments can be connected to one another via detachable connection segments 27a. In the example of a light-conducting body according to the invention shown in FIG. 1, the two left-hand light-conducting segments connected to a connecting element 27 form a first light-guiding segment and the two right-hand light-guiding segments connected to a connecting segment 27 form a second light-guiding body segment, the two light-guiding body segments being connected to each other via a connecting segment 27a. The connection via the connecting segment 27a can be designed as a plug connection. This allows particularly long light guide 10 can be made. The light entry surfaces 15a and the light exit surfaces 15b of the light guide segments 15 each have the same distance to the longitudinal axis LA of the light guiding body 10. Because all light entry surfaces and light exit surfaces have the same distance to the longitudinal axis LA of the light guide 10 and because the light entry surfaces and the light exit surfaces are parallel to each other and are arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis LA, all the light entry surfaces 15 and all light exit surfaces 15b each lie on an imaginary plane, which in the manufacture of a translucent composite material brings significant benefits.

The Lichtleitsegmente 15 have a photoconductive or translucent material, preferably polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), glass or other light-conducting or translucent material. The connecting segments 27 and 27a likewise have a light-conducting or translucent material. In the multi-part embodiment of the light-guiding body, the connecting segments 27a may also have a non-light-conducting or non-light-permeable material. In the one-part embodiment of the light guide 10, it is advantageous if both the Lichtleitsegmente 15 and the connecting segments 27 have the same photoconductive material.

The light-guiding segments 15 and the connecting segments 27 each have the same depth or the same thickness D, which is advantageous in the manufacture of a light guide, because the entire light guide can be made from a translucent or photoconductive plate, as with reference to Fig. 15 will be described in more detail.

The light guide 10 may be made flexible, which brings additional design options in the manufacture of a translucent composite body with it. At some of the light guide segments 15, protruding pins 17 may be provided on the light exit surfaces 15b and on the light entry surfaces 15a. The pins 17 can engage in recesses of a cover plate, so that a stable arrangement of a light guide body 10 between two cover plates is ensured during the production of a light-permeable composite body.

The profile of the light guide body 10 shown in FIG. 14 has a point-symmetrical shape, which is advantageous with regard to the production of light guide bodies because the waste is minimized. Consequently, some of the connecting segments 27 also have a recess 14, which correspond to the pins 17 on the light-guiding segments 15 of a further light-conducting body. Of course, the profile of a light guide does not necessarily have a point-symmetrical shape and the connecting segments 27 do not necessarily have a recess 14.

Photovoltaic cells may be arranged on the lateral boundary surfaces of the light-guiding segments 15 and / or the connecting segments 27. Furthermore, photovoltaic cells can be arranged on the light entry surfaces 15a and / or on the light exit surfaces 15b, which cells are then preferably designed to be translucent.

FIG. 15 shows a light-guiding plate 10 a, from which a number of light guiding bodies 10 can be produced, as shown in FIG. 14. The light-transmissive plate 10a may be made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), glass or other light-transmissive material.

In the example shown in FIG. 15, light-conducting bodies 10 whose profile has a point-symmetrical shape are produced from the translucent plate 10a. A point-symmetrical profile of the light guide 10 has the advantage that a number of light-conducting body can be made from the light-conducting plate 10 a, while minimizing waste. As can be seen from FIG. 15, falls only on the upper edge and at the lower edge of the photoconductive plate waste.

The light-conducting bodies 10 can be separated out of the light-guiding plate 10a, for example in a laser cutting process. Depending on the material of the photoconductive plate 10a, other suitable cutting methods may also be used, such as water-jet cutting methods. A water-jet cutting method also has the advantage that the photoconductive plate 10a hardly heats up during separation.

Photovoltaic cells may be attached to the top and / or bottom of the photoconductive plate 10a. The photovoltaic cells can be applied after the separation on the light guide 10 or before separation on the photoconductive plate 10 a. It has proved to be advantageous if the photovoltaic cells are vapor-deposited on the respective surface in a vapor-deposition method, because photovoltaic cells with a thickness of a few nm to a few μm are thereby possible. In any case, the photovoltaic cells of a light guide body 10 must be provided with the corresponding electrical connections.

After the optical waveguide 10 has been separated, the photovoltaic cells applied to the optical waveguides can be provided with a protective layer which protects the photovoltaic cells from mechanical or chemical damage in the further processing of the optical waveguide. For example, a protective layer of silicone, special rubber, anti-slip varnish, insulating varnish, polymers or waxes can be applied. Depending on the material used, the protective layer can be applied by vapor deposition, vulcanization, spraying, dipping or by other methods. Before the application of the photovoltaic cells to the light guide body 10 or to the light-conducting plate 10a, the light guide body 10 or the light guide 10 conductive plate 10a an antireflection layer are applied. As a result, a greater part of the light scattering in the light guide pins or light guide segments can be used independently of the angle of incidence, which is particularly advantageous in the case of composites according to the invention that can not be tracked for sunlight, for example façade elements, in order to ensure an optimal light incidence angle at the light entry surface 15a , For the preparation of the antireflection layer, materials such as titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ) or silicon nitride (SiN) may be used, which may be vapor-deposited or deposited on the surface of the optical fiber 10 or the photoconductive plate 10 a.

FIG. 16 shows a light-conducting body 10 according to the invention whose profile substantially corresponds to the profile of the light-guiding body in FIG. 14. Shown here is a front view and a sectional view along the section axis A-A.

Photoelectric cells 37 may be arranged on the light body 10 on the front side and / or on the rear side in order to generate electricity from the incident light. The photovoltaic cell 37 is preferably designed as a thin-film cell, which can be vapor-deposited onto the surface of the light body 10. This allows a particularly simple production of the light body 10 with integrated solar cells.

In a specific embodiment, only the Lichtleitsegmente 15 of the light-emitting body 10 may be provided with photovoltaic cells Itaische 37. Furthermore, photovoltaic cells can also be arranged on the pins 17, in which case, however, the cover plates 20 should be mounted in such a way that the photovoltaic cells are not damaged.

The photovoltaic cells 37 can be applied separately to each individual light-guiding body 10. In the method for producing the light-conducting bodies 10 explained with reference to FIG. 15, it may also be advantageous to apply the photovoltaic cells to the plate 10 a before the light-conducting bodies 10 are cut out of the plate 10 a. This has the advantage that a relatively large area can be provided particularly easily with photovoltaic cells, in particular if they are vapor-deposited on the surface of the light body 10 as thin-film cells.

The present invention makes it possible for the first time to produce translucent composite bodies in which the light conducted through the composite body is at least partially also used to generate electricity.

FIG. 17 shows an example of a light-transmissive composite body 1 according to the invention in a perspective view from the front, wherein light-conducting bodies according to FIG. 15 have been used to produce the composite body.

The front side V and the back side R of the composite body 1 are those sides on which the cover plates 20 were arranged in the manufacture of the composite body. Visible on the front side V, the Lichtleitsegmente 15 and the light entrance / exit surfaces 15a, 15b, which are in the production of the composite body 1 flush with the cover plate.

In the composite body shown in FIG. 17, three light-conducting bodies 10 are arranged in the casting compound 80, wherein the two outer light-conducting bodies have a greater thickness or depth D than the central light-conducting body. At the top of the composite body 1 are still the connecting elements 27 of the two outer light guide visible. Further, at the top of the composite body 1 and the extending from the front V to the back R uppermost Lichtleitsegment 15 of the central light guide is visible. The composite body 1 can also be made so that neither the connecting segments 27th nor the top Lichtleitsegment 15 are visible at the top of the composite.

Not shown in Fig. 17 are arranged on the surface of the light guide photovoltaic cells, since they are completely embedded in the potting compound 80. Shown in FIG. 17 are only the electrical connections 90 of the photovoltaic cells brought out of the potting compound 80.

Fig. 18 shows a further example of a transparent composite body according to the invention in sectional view, wherein for the production of the composite body of light guide body according to Fig. 5 or Fig. 6 have been used.

Cover plates 25 and 20 are arranged on the front side V and the rear side R of the composite body 1. Between the cover plates 20, 25, a light guide body 10 according to the invention is arranged, wherein the pins 17 of the light guide pins protrude positively and / or non-positively into recesses of the cover plates. The cavity formed between the cover plates has been filled with a filler 80. As filling material here concrete has been used. However, any type of filling material can be used, for example a foam, plastic or the like. As filler, a curable potting compound can be used. Suitable as a filling material are also insulating materials that can be foamed, for example, in the cavity between the two cover plates. Depending on the requirements of the light-conducting composite body but can also be dispensed with a filler.

On the outer surfaces of the cover plates 20, 25 photovoltaic cells 37 are applied. As a result, two objectives can be achieved with a composite body according to the invention: on the one hand, daylight or sunlight can be conducted into an interior space, on the other hand, the sunlight can be used to generate electricity. The photovoltaic cells may be applied to the cover plates before or after the recess 26 is made, depending on how the photovoltaic cells are applied. If the photovoltaic cells are vapor-deposited on the cover plates (thin-film cells), the recess 26 can be produced after vapor deposition of the photovoltaic cells. It is also possible to apply conventional solar cells, ie not to apply thin-film cells, which however is not always advantageous for aesthetic reasons. Alternatively, solar cell foils can also be applied. Solar cell foils are foils in which the photovoltaic cells are applied on one side, for instance by means of a vapor deposition method. The back of the solar cell sheet may be provided with an adhesive, so that the solar cell sheet can be easily adhered to the cover plates.

The solar cell sheet or the photovoltaic cells can be embodied substantially transparent so that the photovoltaic cells and / or the solar cell sheet do not substantially influence the overall visual impression of a light-transmitting composite body according to the invention.

When using essentially transparent solar cell foils or photovoltaic cells, they can be applied over the whole area to the surface of the cover plates, i. It can also the light entrance or light exit surfaces of the light guide pins are covered. The application of the solar cell foils or photovoltaic cells on the cover plates can be considerably simplified.

FIG. 18 also shows a detail of a cover plate with photovoltaic cells 37 applied thereto in an enlarged view. The photovoltaic cells 37 here consist of a protective layer 37c, of the semiconductor materials 37d and of an antireflection layer 37b. The antireflection layer 37b may be applied to the cover plate after or before the application of the actual photovoltaic cell 37d. By means of the antireflection layer 37b, a larger portion of the incident light can be absorbed by the underlying photovoltaic cell 37d and therefore used for power generation. This is particularly advantageous in composite bodies according to the invention, which can not be tracked to sunlight, such as facade elements. For example, materials such as titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ) or silicon nitride (Si) may be used to form the antireflection layer. The antireflection layer may be vapor-deposited or deposited on the surface of the photovoltaic cell 37d.

Before applying the photovoltaic cells 37d to the cover plates, the cover plates may be provided with a protective layer 37c. For example, a protective layer of silicone, special rubber, anti-slip varnish, insulating varnish, polymers or waxes can be applied. Depending on the material used, the protective layer can be applied by vapor deposition, vulcanization, spraying, dipping or by other methods.

The application of a protective layer 37c may also be advantageous if the photovoltaic cells 37d can not be vapor-deposited directly onto the surface of the cover plates due to the material properties of the cover plates 20, 25.

Furthermore, a protective layer can also be applied to the outer surface of the photovoltaic cells 37d or to the anti-reflection layer 37b.

The translucent composite body may be used for making a facade of a housing or the like. The photovoltaic cells shown in Fig. 18 may also be applied to the surface of a composite body shown in Fig. 17, preferably the front side V and / or on the back R. The photovoltaic cells can be applied directly to the - hardened and possibly polished - surfaces of the potting compound 80. Cover plates to which the photovoltaic cells are applied are not necessary for this purpose.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

I light permeable composite body

10 light guide

10a light conducting plate

 I I base plate of the light guide body

 12 pins (preferably cylindrical) on the base plate

 13 blind hole or with the pin corresponding recess (preferably cylindrical) of the Lichtleitstiftes

14 recess, opening or bore on the base plate or recess on the connecting segment

15 Lichtleitstifte or Lichtleitsegmente the light guide

15a light entry surface of the light guide pin or light guide segment

15b light exit surface of the Lichtleitstiftes or Lichtleitsegments

16 lens

16a lens

 17 bolts or pins on Lichtleitstift or or Lichtleitsegment (axial

Supernatant of reduced diameter or reduced edge length) 19 Chamfer of the bolt (cone point)

20 back cover plate

 21 recess, opening or bore on the back cover plate

25 front cover plate

 26 recess, opening or bore on the front cover plate

27 connecting segments

 27a detachable connection segment

 29 corresponding to the chamfer of the pin bevel of the cover plate

 30 cavity

35 heating / cooling medium

36 insulating layer 37 Solar cell (photovoltaic cell) or photovoltaic coating 37a Transparent solar cell (photovoltaic cell) or transparent photovoltaic coating

37b antireflection coating

37c protective layer

 37d semiconductor layers of the photo vo Itaischen cell

40 sealing

50, 50a, 50b, 50c fixing pins

51 barb elements of the fixing pins

52 holes in the fixing pins

 60 seal member (e.g., O-ring) or circlip (e.g., snap ring) on pin and / or bolt

 61 on the pin and / or bolt circumferential groove for receiving the sealing element and / or retaining ring

62 groove (radial groove) corresponding to the sealing element / retaining ring in the blind hole and / or in the recess of the Abdeckplat- th

 80 filling material, e.g. hardenable potting compound

90 electrical connections of the photovoltaic cells

A-A Section A-A

AI detailed view

 D depth or thickness of the light guide

 LA longitudinal axis of the light guide or the connecting segments

O top of the base plate

Rear side

 U underside of the base plate

V front side

Claims

 claims Light guide body (10) for a translucent composite body, comprising a substantially flat configured base plate (11) having an upper side (O) and a lower side (U) and at least one Lichtleitstift (15), wherein the at least one Lichtleitstift (15) substantially perpendicular to the base plate (11) is arranged. Optical guide according to claim 1, wherein the base plate (11) on the top and / or bottom a number of pins (12) and wherein the at least one Lichtleitstift (15) is connected substantially positively and / or non-positively with a pin (12) , The light guide body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one light guide pin (15) and the base plate (11) comprise a photoconductive material. Optical guide according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the pins (12) comprise a light-conducting material and wherein the base plate (11) at least in the region of the pins (12) comprises a light-conducting material. Optical guide according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the Lichtleitstift (15) on the base plate (11) facing away from an axial projection (17). Optical guide according to one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the Lichtleitstift (15) at the base plate (11) facing the end of a pin (12) corresponding blind hole (13), in which the pin (12) positively and / or non-positively can be arranged. A light guide body (10) comprising a number of light guide pins (11) and a number of connection segments (27), wherein - The light guide pins (11) have a light-conducting material and each have at least one light entrance surface (15 a) and at least one light exit surface (15 b), and - Connect the connecting segments (27) each two Lichtleitstifte (11) with each other, wherein the light entry surfaces (15 a) and the light exit surfaces (15 b) of the respectively connected light guide pins (11) substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (LA) of the light guide pins (11 ) connecting connecting segment (27) are. Light guide body according to claim 7, wherein the light entry surfaces (15a) each have the same distance and the light exit surfaces (15b) each have the same distance from the longitudinal axis (LA) of the light guide body. A light guide according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the photoconductive material comprises polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or glass. 10. Lichtleitkörper according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least partially photovo Itaische cells (37) are arranged on the surface of the light guide body (10). The light guide body according to claim 10, wherein the photovoltaic cells (37) are covered with a protective layer on the surface facing away from the surface of the light guide body (10). Optical guide according to one of claims 10 or 11, wherein the photovoltaic cells (37) are designed as thin-film cells. Optical guide according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein on the surface of the light guide (10) facing the electrode (cover electrode) of the photovoltaic cells (37) an antireflection coating is applied. 14. A method for producing a light guide body (10) for a translucent composite body, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the surface of the light guide (10) at least partially photovoltaic Itaische cells (37) are applied or arranged. 15. The method according to claim 14, wherein after the application of the photovoltaic cells (37) a protective layer is applied to them. 16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the photovoltaic cells (37) are designed as thin-film cells and are preferably vapor-deposited onto the surface of the light-conducting body (10). Method according to one of claims 14 to 16, wherein between the photovoltaic cells (37) and the surface of the optical waveguide (10) an antireflection layer is arranged, which is preferably vapor-deposited on the surface of the optical waveguide (10). 18. Translucent composite body (1), comprising a light-conducting body (10) and a first cover plate (25), wherein - The light guide body (10) comprises a substantially flat designed base plate (11) having a top (O) and a bottom (U), wherein at the top (O) a number of light guide pins (15) substantially perpendicular to the base plate (11) are arranged, wherein at least some of the light guide pins (15) on the base plate (11) facing away from an axial projection (17), which is preferably designed as a cylinder-shaped bolt, - The first cover plate (25) has a number of with the axial projections (17) corresponding openings (26), and  - The first cover plate (25) on the base plate (11) facing away from the ends of the Lichtleitstifte (15) is placed, so that the axial supernatants (17) each substantially form-locking and / or non-positively connected to the corresponding opening (26) , 19. A composite body according to the preceding claim, wherein the base plate (11) on the upper side a number of pins (12), wherein the Lichtleitstifte (15) at the base plate (11) facing the end of a blind hole (13), each of which receive a pin (12), and wherein the pins (12) substantially form-fitting and / or non-positively connected to the blind hole (13) of the respective Lichtleitstiftes (15) are connected. Composite body according to one of claims 18 or 19, wherein on the underside (U) of the base plate (11) a second cover plate (20) is arranged, wherein the second cover plate (20) has a number of openings (21), which are substantially concentric are arranged to the pin (12). Composite body according to one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the underside (U) of the base plate (11) is designed substantially symmetrically to the top (O) of the base plate and wherein on the underside (U) a number of light guide pins (15) are provided, which are arranged substantially like the light guide pins (15) on the upper side (O) corresponding to the underside (U). 22. A composite body according to the preceding claim, wherein the openings (21) of the second cover plate (25) with the axial projections (17) of the underside (U) arranged Lichtleitstiften (15) correspond, and the second cover plate (20) to the the base plate (11) facing away from ends the arranged on the underside (U) Lichtleitstifte (15) is placed so that the axial projections (17) are each connected substantially positively and / or non-positively with the corresponding aperture (21). 23. A composite body according to any one of claims 18 to 22, wherein the first cover plate (25) and / or the second cover plate (20) are detachably mounted on the Lichtleitstifte (15). 24. A composite body according to one of claims 18 to 23, wherein on the base plate (11) facing sides of the first cover plate (25) and / or the second cover plate (20) at least in the region of the openings (26, 21) a seal (40 ) is applied. 25. A composite body according to any one of claims 18 to 24, wherein on the base plate (11) facing sides of the first cover plate (25) and / or the second cover plate (20) at least one fastening pin (50) is arranged, which in the area between the cover plates (25, 20) and the base plate (11) protrudes, wherein the fastening pin (50) preferably Wischhakenelemente (51) and / or bores (52) may have. 26. A composite body according to any one of claims 18 to 25, wherein the through the cover plates (20, 25) or by a cover plate (20, 25) and the base plate (11) formed cavity (30) with a filling material, preferably an insulating material or Concrete is filled. 27. A composite body according to any one of claims 18 to 26, wherein the Lichtleitstifte (15) and the pins (12) comprises a photoconductive material, preferably polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or glass, and wherein the base plate te (11) at least in Area of the pins (12) comprises a light-conducting material. A composite according to any one of claims 18 to 27, wherein the base plate (11) has a number of bores (14). 29. A composite body according to any one of claims 18 to 28, wherein on the base plate (11) facing away from the first cover plate (25) and / or the second cover plate (20) photovoltaic cells are applied. 30. A composite according to the preceding claim, wherein the photovoltaic cells are provided with an antireflection coating. 31. The composite body according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the photovoltaic cells are designed as thin-film cells and are preferably vapor-deposited on the surface of the cover plates (25, 20). 32. Light-permeable composite body (70) having a front side and a rear side, comprising a preferably curable potting compound and at least one in the potting compound arranged Lichtleitkörper (10), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the at least one light guiding body (10 ) is arranged in the potting compound that a light entry surface (15 a) of at least one Lichtleitstiftes (15) of the light guide (10) on the front and a Lichtaustrittsfiäche (15 b) at least one light guide stent (11) of the light guide (10) the back of the composite are visible. 33. A composite body according to claim 32, wherein on the surface of the light guide (10) at least partially photovoltaic cells (37) are arranged and wherein the electrical connections of the photovoltaic cells (37) are led out of the potting compound. Composite body according to claim 33, wherein a protective layer is provided between the photovoltaic cells (37) and the potting compound. Composite body according to one of claims 32 to 34, wherein photovoltaic cells are applied to the front and / or on the back of the composite body. 36. A composite according to the preceding claim, wherein the photovoltaic cells are provided with an antireflection coating. 37. Composite body according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the photovoltaic cells are designed as thin-film cells and are preferably vapor-deposited on the surface of the front side and / or the back. 38. A process for producing a translucent composite body (1), in particular a composite body according to one of claims 18 to 37, wherein - At the top (O) and / or bottom (U) of a substantially flat designed base plate (11) a number of Lichtleitstifte (15) are arranged substantially perpendicular to the base plate (11), wherein at least some of the Lichtleitstifte (15) the base plate (11) facing away from an axial projection (17), which is preferably designed as a cylindrical bolt, and a cover plate (25, 20) which has a number of apertures (26, 21) corresponding to the axial projections (17), on which ends of the light guide pins (15) remote from the base plate (11) are placed, so that the axial projections (17) are each connected in a substantially positive and / or non-positive manner with the corresponding aperture (26, 21). 39. The method of claim 38, wherein on the top (O) and / or bottom (U) of the base plate (11) a number of pins (12) are provided, wherein the light guide pins (15) facing the base plate (11) Have a blind hole (13), each receiving a pin (12), and wherein the pins (12) substantially form-fitting and / or non-positively with the blind hole (13) of the respective light guide pin (15) are connected. 40. Method according to claim 38, wherein before the covering plate (25, 20) is placed on the side of the cover plate (25, 20) facing the base plate (11), at least in the region of the openings (26, 21). a seal (40) is applied. 41. The method according to any one of claims 38 to 40, wherein after placing the cover plates (25, 20) formed by the cover plates (20, 25) or by a cover plate (20, 25) and the base plate (11) cavity ( 30) is filled with a filling material, preferably an insulating material and / or concrete. 42. The method according to any one of claims 38 to 41, wherein photovoltaic cells are applied to the outer surface of at least one cover plate. 43. Method according to the preceding claim, wherein an antireflection coating is applied to the photovoltaic cells. 44. The method according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the photovoltaic cells and / or anti-reflection layer are evaporated. 45. A process for producing a translucent composite body (1), in particular a composite body according to one of claims 18 to 37, wherein - At least partially photovoltaic cells (37) are applied to the surface of a light guide (10), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 13,  - After application of the photovoltaic cells, the light guide is arranged in a mold, and  - The mold is filled with a curable potting compound, preferably concrete, wherein the electrical connections of the photovoltaic cells (37) are led out of the potting compound. 46. The method of claim 45, wherein after the application of the photovoltaic cells, these are coated with a protective layer. 47. The method according to claim 45 or 46, wherein the photovoltaic cells are produced by a vapor deposition method on the surface of the light guide body (10). 48. The method according to any one of claims 45 to 47, wherein after the curing of the potting compound on the surface of the cured potting compound photovo Itaische cells are applied. 49. The method according to claim 48, wherein the photovoltaic cells applied to the surface of the hardened potting compound are provided with an antireflection coating. 50. The method according to any one of claims 48 or 49, wherein the photovoltaic cells are produced on the surface of the cured potting compound with a vapor deposition on the surface of the cured potting compound (10).