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WO2013015129A1 - Dispositif pour thermoformage, et procédé de formage - Google Patents

Dispositif pour thermoformage, et procédé de formage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013015129A1
WO2013015129A1 PCT/JP2012/067827 JP2012067827W WO2013015129A1 WO 2013015129 A1 WO2013015129 A1 WO 2013015129A1 JP 2012067827 W JP2012067827 W JP 2012067827W WO 2013015129 A1 WO2013015129 A1 WO 2013015129A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
gas
mold
molding
compressed air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2012/067827
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
福村　三樹郎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2011165069A external-priority patent/JP5771794B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2011206516A external-priority patent/JP5807874B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2011206515A external-priority patent/JP5811339B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2011206514A external-priority patent/JP5807873B2/ja
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2013015129A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013015129A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C51/30—Moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/10—Forming by pressure difference, e.g. vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C51/42—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C51/42—Heating or cooling
    • B29C51/421—Heating or cooling of preforms, specially adapted for thermoforming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C51/42—Heating or cooling
    • B29C51/428—Heating or cooling of moulds or mould parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a thermoformed article using a thermoplastic resin sheet or film, and relates to heating and / or cooling a shaped body during thermoforming at high speed, and further to a crystalline thermoplastic resin.
  • the heat treatment at a temperature higher than the preheating temperature of the sheet is performed, and regarding the high-speed and efficient production of thermoformed products with high mechanical properties such as heat resistance and transparency, the crystalline resin It relates to performing this thermoforming using a stretched sheet.
  • the thermoforming method is a method in which a preheated thermoplastic resin sheet or film is formed on a mold by pressing or evacuation and then released. Usually, the shaped body is released in a cooled state with a low-temperature mold.
  • a mold material a material such as aluminum or zinc alloy that is lightweight and has good workability and good thermal conductivity is used, and it is often continuously formed by natural heat dissipation. However, in particular, if it is desired to adjust the temperature, the jacket provided inside the mold is cooled through a heat medium.
  • cheap and easy-to-process materials such as wood and plastic may be used, but these are not durable and difficult to control temperature, causing problems such as heat accumulation, making them suitable for continuous mass production.
  • Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 56-7855 is a method of thermoforming a polyester sheet by uniaxially stretching and heat-shrinking the sheet, Although a method of heat setting by using hot air at the time of molding is disclosed, the heat treatment takes a very long time and is not practical.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-45412 discloses a method of performing thermoforming and heat treatment using a biaxially stretched and heat-shrinked sheet under specific conditions.
  • a method of transferring to a heating type, a heating method using hot air, hot water, infrared rays, etc. has been proposed, but it is not specifically described, and even if these are simply executed, there is no effect.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-031651 also shows that a specific stretched polyester sheet is thermoformed and heat-treated, and it is shown that it is molded with a heated mold, but the mold or molded product is cooled and separated. There is no mention of typing. However, for heat treatment molding of such materials, it is desirable to cool the molded body to at least a temperature lower than the heat treatment temperature and release the mold. However, if this is done by a known method, the mold itself is electrically heated. And a method of cooling in advance by passing water through a mold jacket immediately after molding, or a method of alternately passing a high temperature heat medium and a low temperature heat medium through the mold manifold.
  • Patent 2532730 shows a method in which a non-stretched crystalline PET sheet is molded with a heated female mold, transferred to a low-temperature female mold, cooled, and released. At that time, deformation of the molded product, displacement, and generation of wrinkles become problems, and it is necessary to create a special dedicated molding apparatus capable of such operation.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-102608 shows a method of molding with a high-temperature female mold, taking it into a low-temperature male mold fitted to the mold, cooling it, and releasing the mold. It can be said that the method is the same as in (4), and deformation and wrinkles of the molded product are problematic, and it is difficult to apply to molding with offset and undercut.
  • CPET molding as in (4) and (5), when molding is performed with a high-temperature mold from the beginning, the molding material does not slip on the mold surface, resulting in uneven patterns such as waves and irregularities.
  • a process in which a low-temperature mold is first molded and then transferred to a high-temperature mold but this is also complicated.
  • a method disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4057487 relates to thermoforming of a crystalline resin, and a sheet preheated in contact with a heating plate is compressed and shaped with hot air passing through the hot plate and a molding die. Then, cooling air jetting means prepared separately is carried in and cooled, but this heating plate is adjusted to an appropriate temperature for sheet preheating, and heated air is supplied from behind to produce heated and compressed air.
  • the heated gas is cooled in a conduit passing through the hot plate, and a very high temperature gas must be passed through the heat treatment, in which case the hot plate temperature is localized and non-uniform, and the material sheet is Local overheating tends to hinder good molding.
  • the disclosed cooling means cannot cool a large area uniformly and efficiently. Also, heat from the high temperature gas is easily dissipated into the mold, and the sheet cannot be easily heated to a high temperature in a short time, and high speed molding cannot be performed.
  • US Pat. No. 5,119,176 proposes a method in which a resin sheet once biaxially stretched is heated and thermally contracted onto a male mold. Although this method may improve the formability, a sufficient orientation effect cannot be used, and there are many molding restrictions such as a shape having an offset portion. There is no disclosure of rapid heat setting and cooling mold release.
  • JP2011-245463, JP2011-245644, JP2011-245650, and JP2011-245651 relate to a manufacturing method and a mold related to the present application, and are the same as the present invention. It was invented by. The present inventor has further invented 10 applications for a molding apparatus for carrying out these methods. This application is based on the priority of the application regarding these molding apparatuses.
  • Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 below show examples of known typical pneumatic boxes and heating plates to be compared with (9) the new structure of pneumatic equipment used in the configuration of the present invention.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No.56-7855 Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-45412 Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-031651 Japanese Patent No. 2532730 Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-102608 Japanese Patent No. 4057487 US Patent No. 519176 JP2011-245643 JP2011-245644 JP2011-245650 JP2011-245651
  • the present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art. Its main purpose is to heat the shaped body at high speed and cool it as necessary at high speed in the process from thermoforming to mold release, especially heat treatment at a temperature higher than the preheating sheet temperature before shaping. It is an object of the present invention to provide a thermoforming apparatus that can perform thermoforming for releasing at high speed and efficiently and obtain a molded product in a uniform and good state.
  • thermoforming machine capable of pressure forming, as a hot plate or a pressure box (both are hereinafter referred to as “pressure means”)
  • pressure means a compressed gas is sent from the air supply opening toward the upper part of the mold.
  • the mechanism and the second mechanism for sucking the gas sent to the compressed air space from the intake opening and exhausting it to the outside are integrated, and the following structures 1) and 2): 1) As the first mechanism, a structure in which the gas delivery is distributed and delivered through a plurality of air supply openings from a distribution space provided inside the compressed air plate or the inside of the compressed air box; and 2) the second mechanism.
  • cooling means for injecting the cooling medium is arranged around the mold, and after the pressure air means is separated from the mold, it is advanced to the upper space of the mold, or the mold is placed below the cooling means.
  • the present invention provides a molding apparatus for a thermoplastic resin sheet which is configured to proceed to the above and cool the shaped body.
  • said integral means having a rigid coupling part as a compressed air means and being able to move at the same time, and does not necessarily mean that there is no close contact or a clear boundary.
  • the hot plate itself does not have a box-shaped compressed air space. However, when the surface of the hot plate is opposed to the outer periphery of the mold or the mold storage box, it passes through the process of contacting the resin sheet molding portion. It is desirable to configure the apparatus so that a substantial compressed air space can be formed.
  • the cooling means introduces a cooling gas and injects the gas from a plurality of injection openings toward the upper part of the mold, and is integrated with the mechanism to divert or rectify the injected gas.
  • the molding apparatus according to the above (1) is provided, comprising a fourth mechanism for exhausting the air to the outside.
  • the fourth mechanism it is preferable to provide an exhaust passage behind the injection nozzle (a position farther from the mold).
  • Such an exhaust passage is preferably provided along the side surface direction of the cooling means.
  • rectifying means that a path for escaping gas that is likely to be trapped in the injection target space to the outside is provided, and an exhaust passage may be formed by a solid object, or may be other types.
  • a passage may be formed by the action of fluid.
  • the third mechanism of the cooling means is configured to introduce a cooling gas into a distribution space in the mechanism so as to distribute and inject the gas from the injection opening toward the upper part of the mold.
  • the fourth mechanism In any one of the above (1) to (3), the injected gas is sucked into the air collecting space in the mechanism through a plurality of intake openings and exhausted to the outside.
  • the molding apparatus described is provided.
  • the distribution space is preferably behind the injection opening (that is, a position far from the mold).
  • the air collection space is preferably behind the air collection opening (that is, a position far from the mold).
  • it is preferable that the distribution space and the air collection space are located farther from the mold than both the injection opening and the intake opening.
  • the molding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein physical means for promoting exhaust is added to the fourth mechanism of the cooling means.
  • the physical means includes a method of performing suction downstream of the exhaust and a method of applying pressure in the middle stream or upstream.
  • Such physical means may be an individual or a liquid.
  • a function of heating the compressed gas introduced inside the air supply mechanism of the first mechanism of the compressed air means to a sufficient temperature of 200 ° C. or more and sending it out ( The molding apparatus according to any one of 1) to (5) is provided.
  • said delivery gas temperature is 250 degreeC or more, and it is still more preferable that it is 300 degreeC or more.
  • the above-mentioned (1) to (6) are characterized in that the opposed surface of the compressed air means to the mold can be heated and held at 200 ° C. or higher and the infrared emissivity is 0.8 or higher. ) Is provided. In addition, it is preferable that said delivery gas temperature is 250 degreeC or more, and it is still more preferable that it is 300 degreeC or more.
  • thermoforming apparatus according to any one of (7) is provided.
  • This mold may have a single structure made of only the above-mentioned material, or may be an arbitrary composite structure having the above-mentioned material as a surface layer.
  • the heat permeability of the said material is 10 or less, and it is still more preferable that it is 5 or less.
  • the definition of the molding surface forming material here excludes a coating agent or a coating of about 50 ⁇ m or less for the purpose of preventing corrosion, a coating agent for lubrication, mold release, etc. applied to the molding surface.
  • the mold is characterized by comprising a surface layer made of a material having a thermal permeability (b value) of 15 or less and a back body made of a material having a thermal permeability (b value) larger than that of the surface layer.
  • the thermoforming apparatus according to any one of (1) to (8) above is provided.
  • the heat permeability of the surface layer forming material is preferably 10 or less, more preferably 5 or less, and that of the back layer is preferably more than 5 and more preferably more than 10.
  • the present invention provides a method for forming a thermoplastic resin sheet comprising a heat treatment step and a cooling step.
  • “shaping” and “shaping process” indicate a part of the operations in the molding process, and the “shaped body” is the molding before release in a state of being held in the mold.
  • compressed air forming indicates a forming method including a compressed air process, and compressed air forming indicates a method of the forming process in the entire forming process. Note that compressed air means applying a gas pressure.
  • Thermoforming using the molding apparatus of the present invention has the following effects.
  • the apparatus of the present invention is a process at which the resin sheet is heat-treated at a temperature substantially exceeding the preheating temperature of the resin sheet in the process of preheating and releasing, and then cooled and released at a very high speed. It can be executed continuously, efficiently and stably.
  • stretched PET can efficiently produce a thermoformed product having excellent mechanical strength such as heat resistance, transparency, and rigidity, and can obtain a material-saving shaped product using rigidity.
  • the molding apparatus of the present invention constitutes a vacuum molding machine, a pressure molding machine or a vacuum / pressure molding machine which is a thermoforming machine.
  • a mechanism for sucking and fixing the shaped body to the mold at least in the cooling step is preferable to add.
  • preheating of the resin sheet as a molding material any known method such as indirect heating using a heating oven or direct heating in contact with a heating plate may be adopted, and there is no such, and the apparatus configuration of the present invention Among these, preheating may be performed by hot air flow or infrared irradiation at the shaping position, or it is also preferable to perform shaping while preheating.
  • the compressed air means (that is, the compressed air plate or the compressed air box) used in the apparatus configuration of the present invention is as follows. While being sent to the compressed air space from the plurality of holes provided, 2) Concurrently, the gas sent to the compressed air space is accommodated from another plurality of holes provided on the same surface as described above and exhausted to the outside To do.
  • the flow of the delivery gas can be continued simultaneously with the pressurized air shaping or following the pressurized air shaping, and the temperature rise of the shaped body can be effectively performed.
  • Said compressed air means can be utilized conveniently for compressed air shaping and heat treatment temperature rise after shaping. However, it is not used for compressed air shaping, but can be used only for heat treatment temperature rise after vacuum shaping. Moreover, it can also be comprised so that it can utilize also for the preheating of a resin sheet.
  • the above-mentioned compressed air means is fixed to the top plate of the press machine, the mold is fixed to the bottom plate directly below, and at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate can be moved up and down to allow the compressed air means and the mold to be joined and separated.
  • cooling means for injecting the cooling medium is arranged around the mold, and after the heating plate is separated from the mold, the cooling means is advanced with respect to the upper part of the mold holding the shaped body.
  • the shaping mold is advanced to the lower part of the cooling means so that the cooling process of the shaped body can be performed.
  • the cooling means is not disposed, and one of the two types of porous groups of the compressed air box, preferably the porous group for sucking air, is used to change the valve after the heat treatment of the shaped body and inject the cooling medium.
  • the exhaust port is cooled, so that the heating process of the next cycle is likely to be hindered.
  • a method in which the cooling means is combined with the compressed air means can be considered, but the structure becomes complicated, and heating and cooling injection and exhaust are blocked from each other, which hinders uniform and efficient molding. It is easy to come.
  • the resin sheet for molding is preheated, shaped, heat treated, cooled by a cooling means, and released. After the molding is completed, the compressed air means, the cooling means, and the molding die are returned to predetermined positions.
  • it is necessary to be able to set conditions that allow heat treatment of the shaped body which is a) a method using a high-temperature gas delivered toward the shaped body, and b) to the shaped body.
  • the heat treatment temperature rise may be performed only by the method a) or may be performed together with the method b) or c).
  • an infrared radiation source can be arranged above the shaped body, and if infrared radiation can be emitted from the bottom surface in the compressed air box, the implementation is easy.
  • the mold for c) will be described in detail in ⁇ Column for mold>.
  • A) and b) will be described in detail in the section ⁇ About compressed air means>.
  • FIG. 1 An example of the overall configuration is shown in FIG.
  • a molding die (an assembly of molding dies) 60 is fixed on a bottom plate of a press machine, and a compressed air box 30 including an exhaust main body 21 and an air supply main body 31 is fixed to a top plate of the press machine, and cooling means is provided near the molding die.
  • Reference numeral 40 denotes a configuration arranged to be horizontally movable.
  • Reference numeral 100 denotes a resin sheet of a molding material.
  • the press, the preheating means, the high-temperature compressed gas generation device, etc. are omitted from this figure. This figure shows a state in which the preheated resin sheet 100 is introduced into the upper part of the mold structure 60.
  • the compressed air box 30 is lowered to perform the pressure forming and the heat treatment temperature increase by the high temperature compressed gas. Do. At this time, the high-temperature gas is sent out from the delivery body 31, but when the exhaust valve of the exhaust body 21 is opened with timing, the gas in the compressed air space is exhausted and the shaped body can be efficiently heated.
  • the cooling means 40 proceeds from the side to the upper part of the mold structure 60, the shaped body is cooled by jetting the cooling medium, and the shaped body is released. .
  • the molding die structure 60 is a molding die composed of a surface layer 61 and a back layer (back body) 62 fixed to an integrated plate 66 having a heating heat medium passage 65 and stored in a storage box 67.
  • the surface layer 61 is made of a material having a low heat permeability
  • the back layer 62 is made of a material having a high heat permeability.
  • the movement of the compressed air means or the mold does not necessarily have to be vertically moved up and down, and may be arbitrarily separated from each other by joining from an oblique direction, or may be separated by being joined by a specific track. .
  • the positional relationship between the shaping means and the molding die is relative, and raising the shaping means is synonymous with lowering the molding die, and the molding die may be lowered.
  • the shaping means may be inverted on the mold below.
  • the press machine may be rolled over, and a heavy mold or the like can be opened and closed easily and used as a preferred method. Instead of moving the cooling means to the upper part of the mold as described above, the mold may be moved to the lower part of the cooling means.
  • thermoforming machine constituting the present invention may be a single-wafer forming machine that forms short material sheets one by one, or may be a continuous molding machine that sequentially forms long material sheets. However, the latter is particularly preferable, and the characteristics of the present invention are exhibited to enable high-speed and efficient repetitive molding.
  • the above apparatus configuration of the present invention relates to the following prior application of the inventor of the present invention.
  • the inventor of the present invention has filed patent applications listed in Patent Documents 9 to 11 relating to manufacturing methods and molds related to the present application. Further, as inventions of molding apparatuses related to these, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-41294, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-254640, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-254541, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-165068, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-165067, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-165069, Japanese Patent Application No. Nine applications, 2011-206516, Japanese Patent Application 2011-206515, and Japanese Patent Application 2011-206514, have been filed. The present invention is filed on the basis of the priorities in the latter half of the above described order.
  • ⁇ About compressed air means> The concept of a well-known commonly used compressed air box is to sandwich a resin sheet and cover a mold or a group of molds, create a closed space between the resin sheet, and perform compressed air molding by sending compressed gas into this closed space. It is a tool.
  • a known tool corresponding to a compressed air plate is usually called a hot plate or a heating plate, and is preheated by pressing or adsorbing a resin sheet of a molding material on its surface, and then sending compressed air from an opening provided on that surface. It is a tool that performs compressed air molding. A normal temperature compressed gas is introduced into this heating plate, it is sent out from the pores, and compressed air molding is performed.
  • the compressed air body is heated to a certain temperature below the temperature of the special heat plate, but it is heated to a special high temperature. It is not. Even if a special high-temperature heated gas is introduced into the heating plate, the temperature in the vicinity of the ejection opening changes and preheating unevenness of the resin sheet occurs, which is inconvenient to adopt such a molding method.
  • the compressed air means is a heating plate that also preheats contact with the resin sheet, and includes a heating plate body 31, a heater 32, a high-temperature compressed gas introduction pipe 33, an air supply hole 35, and an air supply surface 36.
  • This figure shows a state in which the cooling means 40 enters the space that has been raised by performing pressure air shaping by lowering the heating plate 30 and cooling the shaped body 110 by gas injection.
  • the cooling means 40 and the mold 60 will be described later.
  • the heating plate Even though some shaped objects can be heated by the hot gas delivered first, the delivery of the hot gas to the enclosed space cannot be continued and effective. Heat treatment cannot be performed.
  • the heating plate also performs contact preheating of the resin sheet and must be adjusted to an appropriate preheating temperature. If the hot gas is repeatedly passed for heat treatment in the continuous molding process, the temperature of the heating plate surface is not affected. Uniformity is not achieved and uniform preheating is not possible, and this is not a good apparatus for heat treatment at a temperature higher than the preheating temperature.
  • the compressed air means used in the configuration of the first invention belonging to the present invention includes a first mechanism for sending compressed gas from the air supply opening toward the upper part of the mold. , Having a second mechanism for sucking the gas sent to the compressed air space from the intake opening and exhausting it to the outside, and having the following structures 1) and 2): 1) As the first mechanism, a structure in which the gas delivery is distributed and delivered through a plurality of air supply openings from a distribution space provided inside the compressed air plate or the inside of the compressed air box; and 2) the second mechanism.
  • the high-pressure gas used for such compressed air means may be room temperature or heated.
  • a gas heated to a high temperature it is necessary to use a material having a thermal permeability as much as possible for the first mechanism, or to preheat by sufficiently ventilating a high-temperature gas in advance. .
  • the preheated resin sheet can be formed without cooling, or while preheating the resin sheet or almost simultaneously with preheating.
  • the temperature of the shaped body can be increased by heat treatment or it can be aided.
  • the compressed air means having the above configuration, the air can be continuously supplied while the gas in the compressed air space is updated, and the heating and heating or cooling of the resin sheet or the shaped body by the compressed gas is continuously and efficiently advanced. Can do. And it is possible to perform this heating temperature rise or cooling uniformly on a large shaping surface, and it is possible to heat and cool by arbitrarily increasing or decreasing the part of the molding surface or the process during molding. It was. Further benefits that make this possible will be discussed later. *
  • the compressed air means (compressed air box) in this figure has a configuration in which only the distribution space is provided in the inside thereof and no air collection space is provided in the compressed air box.
  • the compressed air means 30 is a compressed air box, which includes an air supply body (air supply port) 31 and an exhaust flow pipe group 28 each having an exhaust inflow opening 25, and hot gas is introduced into the distribution space 34 through the introduction pipe 33 from the outside.
  • the air is sent to the compressed air space 39 through a number of delivery openings 35.
  • the gas in the compressed air space 39 is taken from the exhaust inflow opening 25 and exhausted through the external exhaust pipe 23.
  • valves and the like for controlling air supply and exhaust are omitted.
  • a pressure valve may be provided to continue exhausting while maintaining a constant pressure, which can be adopted as a preferred method.
  • the external exhaust pipe 23 may be eliminated, and a pressure valve may be provided at the external opening of each exhaust flow pipe.
  • FIG. Another example of the above will be described with reference to FIG. That is, although it has both the distribution space and the air collection space, a description will be given by taking a slightly different structure from FIG. That is, although the preheated resin sheet 100 is introduced into the upper part of the mold 60, the compressed air box 30 is lowered and the periphery of the resin sheet 100 is pressed against the molding storage box 67 and closed. A compressed air space 39 is formed. Then, the high-temperature compressed gas introduced from the outside is sent out from the air supply hole 35 via the introduction pipe 33 and the gas distribution space 34 and is subjected to compressed air shaping.
  • the second to fourth inventions belonging to the present invention relate to the cooling means, and these inventions will be described in the section ⁇ Cooling means>.
  • a heating temperature adjusting means is added to the air supply mechanism of the first mechanism of the compressed air means to the compressed air means used as the fifth invention belonging to the present invention.
  • the fifth aspect of the invention is preferable because a high temperature gas having a stable temperature is delivered from the beginning to the end, and the preheated resin sheet can be formed without being cooled, or while preheating or preheating the resin sheet.
  • the temperature of the shaped body can be increased by heat treatment or it can be aided.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 shows only the compressed air box.
  • the distribution space 34 is arranged in the lower stage of the compressed air box, the air collecting space 24 is arranged in the upper stage, and the heater 32 is provided so as to heat the lower air supply port. It has become.
  • the gas inflow pipe 28 is characterized by extending to a position close to the mold through the gas delivery surface. The high-temperature compressed gas introduced from the outside is sent out from the air supply hole 35 via the introduction pipe 33 and the gas distribution space 34, and is compressed and shaped.
  • the compressed air box with the structure shown in this figure not only can supply a gas at a stable temperature from the beginning to the end, but also the discharge gas is exhausted while circulating closer to the shaped body, so it is more efficient and uniform. Heating and heating can be performed. In addition, such an aspect may be desirable because it may be formed by projecting portions including the air supply holes 35 individually or in a plurality of groups instead of the exhaust inflow pipe 28.
  • the pressure air plate 30 includes an exhaust port 21 and an air supply port 31 to which a heater 32 is attached.
  • the gas in the air distribution space 34 passes through an air supply pipe 38 provided through the exhaust port 21. It is sent to the compressed air space.
  • a preheated molding material sheet is introduced onto a molding die assembly 60 housed in a box having a high outer wall, and after the vacuum suction is activated from the molding die side, the pressure plate 30 is lowered.
  • the compressed air space 39 is formed without contact with the molding surface of the resin sheet 100.
  • the subsequent operation steps can be performed in the same manner as in FIG. 6, and a homogeneous molded body can be obtained regardless of the temperature of the air supply surface of the compressed air plate.
  • the exhaust port 21 in FIG. 7 is also provided with a heater so that the intake surface (also the air supply surface) is temperature-controlled to a suitable preheating temperature, contact with the compressed air plate It is possible to preheat the material by heating.
  • a heat insulating material or to devise the structure of the air supply pipe 38 and the air supply opening 35 in order to minimize the temperature influence on the intake surface.
  • the compressed air means used as the sixth invention belonging to the present invention has a function of heating the compressed gas introduced inside the air supply mechanism of the first mechanism of the compressed air means to a sufficient temperature of 200 ° C. or more and sending it out. Things are preferable.
  • said delivery gas temperature can be 250 degreeC or more, and it is still more preferable that it can be 300 degreeC or more.
  • a method of increasing the capacity of the heater attached to the air supply port and increasing the contact area between the heating body and air in the ventilation space can be preferably employed. More specifically, for example, the distribution space portion of FIG.
  • the sixth aspect of the invention may be made of a material such as porous metal, or the space portion may be filled with a granular material such as metal, and this method is preferable.
  • an external device is not required, the molding device is compact, handling is easy in operation, and the durability of the device is remarkably improved.
  • the method of intermittently introducing a high-temperature gas from the outside has a large heat energy loss and tends to impair the durability of the valve or the like.
  • the mold facing surface can be heated and held at 200 ° C. or higher, and the infrared emissivity is 0.8 or higher.
  • said opposing surface temperature can be hold
  • the gas delivery surface shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 6 corresponds to the above-described mold facing surface.
  • a commercially available infrared radiation paint is applied and the surface is heated with a heater.
  • the heat of the heater is difficult to reach to the surface as it is in FIGS. 1 and 6, and it is necessary to bring the heater close to the surface or use the porous heat conductive material described in the explanation of the sixth invention.
  • the resin sheet can be preheated or preheated, and the shaped body can be heated and heated. Even when heated gas is supplied, the resin sheet can be preheated or subsidized to assist preheating, and the shaped body can be heated to accelerate the molding process.
  • the compressed air means as in the examples of the above drawings may be modified as follows, and these modifications can be preferably used.
  • the basic structure shown in each of the above drawings is almost unchanged, and the functions of the exhaust main body 21 and the air supply main body 31 are interchanged, and 21 may be configured as the air supply main body and 31 as the exhaust main body. be able to.
  • a valve mechanism When performing the exhaust operation from the compressed air space, a valve mechanism may be provided so that exhaust is performed while maintaining a specific internal pressure without providing a valve. In that case, although the pressure of the compressed air shaping is reduced, there is no problem if the apparatus is designed in consideration of it. 4)
  • the sending surface 36 or the intake surface 26 is not necessarily flat. In particular, the air-feeding hole part or the outlet part of the exhaust inflow pipe may protrude from the other or may recede. It is very preferable that the shape matching height difference of the mold can be effectively or uniformly heated or cooled.
  • the temperature of the heated gas that is introduced for the heat treatment temperature rise and is sent out by compressed air is much higher than the preheating temperature of the resin sheet.
  • the temperature of the compressed gas that is introduced is 200 to 600 ° C. It is desirable.
  • the preheating temperature of the stretched PET sheet is appropriately about 90 to 100 ° C., whereas the gas temperature sent from the nozzle 35 is preferably 250 to 500 ° C. Since the heat capacity of the gas is small, the amount of heat is dissipated to the mold through the shaped body, so if the temperature of the injection gas is lower than this, the temperature cannot be raised quickly, and it easily reaches the 150 to 180 ° C required for heat fixation. do not do.
  • the high-temperature compressed gas air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or the like compressed and heated is used. In addition, dry superheated steam containing moisture can be preferably used.
  • the above-described compressed air box is a further improvement of the one disclosed in the application 2011-41294 filed by the present inventor, and has the following effects.
  • a high-temperature gas can be sent continuously at any time, and a heat treatment temperature can be raised quickly and effectively.
  • a uniform and highly accurate molded product that can be heat-treated at a uniform temperature on all molding surfaces can be obtained.
  • Optimal heating and cooling conditions can be set, and the molding cycle can be shortened.
  • Applicable molding materials are widened, and the applied products can be greatly expanded.
  • a powerful heat treatment can be performed, and as a result, the design flexibility of the mold configuration that can be used can be greatly expanded. There is an effect that a simple and low-priced mold can be used.
  • the cooling means used in the configuration of the present invention performs cooling by injecting a cooling medium, and any cooling means can be used as long as it can cool the entire upper area of the mold or mold group.
  • any cooling means can be used as long as it can cool the entire upper area of the mold or mold group.
  • Japanese Patent No. 4057487 a structure in which a number of holes are provided in the box and the cooling gas introduced into the box is ejected can be used.
  • Japanese Patent No. 4057487 a structure in which a number of holes are provided in the box and the cooling gas introduced into the box is ejected can be used.
  • the cooling means according to the invention of No. 4 is used as a preferable means.
  • the cooling means used is a third mechanism that introduces a cooling gas and injects it from a plurality of injection openings toward the upper part of the mold, and is integrated with this mechanism.
  • the fourth gas is constituted by a fourth mechanism that divides or rectifies the generated gas and exhausts it to the outside.
  • the above-mentioned “rectification” is to create a route for releasing gas that is likely to be trapped in the injection target space to the outside. More specifically, a method of forming an exhaust passage by a solid object, a linear gas flow or liquid A passage can be formed by ejecting a fluid.
  • the shaped body can be cooled uniformly and strongly over the entire surface, and the cooling step can be completed in a short time.
  • the cooling means 40 in FIG. 8 includes the above-described third mechanism (injection) composed of a plurality of injection nozzles 44 provided in a uniform arrangement at the lower part of the pipe with the distribution space 43 inside the pipe assembled in a frame 46. Port), and the fourth mechanism (exhaust port) configured by the pipe gap 47 and the cross-girder frame 46.
  • the cooling gas introduced from the conduit 42 and jetted from the jet nozzle 44 is reflected on the surface of the shaped body 110 and exhausted to the upper part through the exhaust port.
  • the cooling means 40 in FIG. 9 has an exhaust port having an exhaust channel 48 having the above third mechanism (flat gas injection port 41) and an intake slit 48i, which includes a gas introduction pipe 42, a distribution space 43, and an injection nozzle 44.
  • the fourth mechanism is configured. The cooling gas injected into the injection space is taken in from the intake slit 48i and exhausted to the side surface in the horizontal direction via the channel-shaped horizontal exhaust path 48.
  • the cooling means 40 in FIG. 10 is a space formed between the third mechanism (a flat gas injection port 41) composed of the gas introduction pipe 42, the distribution space 43, and the injection nozzle 44 and a plurality of injection nozzles 44.
  • the fourth mechanism is composed of a horizontal exhaust passage 48 and a horizontal injection nozzle 49.
  • the high-speed linear jet flow injected from the horizontal injection nozzle 49 pushes the gas in the space of the horizontal exhaust passage 48 in the lateral direction, and also draws the cooling gas at the surface of the jet flow and exhausts it in the lateral direction.
  • the horizontal exhaust passage 48 is completed.
  • the jet fluid from the horizontal jet nozzle 49 may be a gas or a fluid such as water.
  • the third mechanism of the cooling means to be used is configured such that cooling gas is introduced into the distribution space inside the mechanism and distributed and injected from the injection opening toward the upper part of the mold.
  • the fourth mechanism sucks the injected gas into the air collecting space inside the mechanism through a plurality of intake openings and exhausts it to the outside.
  • the distribution space is preferably behind the injection opening (that is, a position far from the mold).
  • the air collection space is preferably behind the air collection opening (that is, a position far from the mold).
  • it is preferable that the distribution space and the air collection space are located farther from the mold than both the injection opening and the intake opening. According to the present invention, it is possible to arrange exhaustion as desired and efficiently advance exhaust gas, and to perform efficient and powerful cooling.
  • the cooling means 40 in FIG. 11 includes an injection port 51 including a gas introduction pipe 42, a distribution space 43, and an injection nozzle 44, that is, a third mechanism, a vertical exhaust passage 47 having a slit-like inlet 47i, and a horizontal exhaust passage 48. And an exhaust port 45 having a fourth mechanism.
  • the jet gas is reflected by the shaped body surface, blocked by the airflow guide surface 45g, guided, sucked from the slit-like intake opening, and finally exhausted to the side surface.
  • a physical forced exhaust means is additionally provided.
  • the physical means includes a method of performing suction downstream of the exhaust, a method of applying pressure in the middle stream or upstream, and the physical means may be an individual or a liquid.
  • a suction device such as a blower may be attached to the exhaust side, or high-speed fluid may be blown from the upstream side to create suction force to promote exhaust, and such a method is preferably used.
  • the cooling means 40 in FIG. 12 includes an injection port 51 including a gas introduction pipe 42, a tubular distribution space 43, and an injection nozzle 44, that is, a third mechanism, a vertical exhaust path 47 having a slit-like inlet 47i, and a horizontal exhaust path. 48 and an exhaust port 45 having a spray nozzle 49, that is, a fourth mechanism.
  • the injection from the injection nozzle 49 creates a strong linear air flow inside the horizontal exhaust passage 48, sucks in the surrounding gas, and promotes exhaust in the side direction.
  • the cooling means 40 in FIG. 13 includes an injection port 51 consisting of a gas introduction tube 42, a flat distribution space 43, and an injection nozzle 44, that is, a third mechanism, and a column between the injection nozzles 44 (behind the opening tip of the nozzle). Position) and a fourth mechanism for forming a horizontal exhaust path 48 by blowing a straight air stream from the injection nozzle 49 into the space. Further, a new mechanism (hereinafter referred to as a fifth mechanism) including a volatile liquid introduction pipe V, an atomizing gas introduction pipe V2, and a liquid spray nozzle V3 is added.
  • the injection nozzle 49 effectively promotes exhaust similarly to the above, but further promotes volatile cooling when spraying volatile gas such as water. In this case, it is effective if the operation of the spray nozzle 44, the spray nozzle 49, and the liquid spray nozzle V3 is arbitrarily intermittently operated.
  • This cooling means can perform very powerful cooling. Not only such a structure but also a means for spraying a volatile gas onto a shaped body is preferably used alone or in combination with gas jet cooling.
  • a volatile liquid such as water or alcohol, or a compressed gas (or liquid in some cases) such as air, nitrogen or carbon dioxide can be used alone or in combination.
  • a volatile liquid it may be sprayed alone or may be sprayed into a gas before jetting.
  • the cooling gas may be at a normal temperature, but a cooled gas can be preferably used, and a gas jet in which dry ice particle mass is submerged and cooled, or a gas jet in which dry ice powder particles are mixed is also preferable.
  • the cooling medium spray nozzle of the cooling means used in the configuration of the present invention is not limited to the main body mode, and it is preferable that the cooling medium spray nozzle has a structure that can individually perform the diffusion spray. Further, when using a large mold or a plurality of molds, it is preferable to have a plurality of injection nozzles. In addition, at least in the cooling step, it is desirable that the function of sucking and fixing the shaped body to the mold is activated.
  • the apparatus of the present invention using the cooling means as described above has the following effects. 1) Powerful cooling is possible, the mold can be set at a high temperature, and as a result, the degree of freedom in designing the mold configuration that can be used increases, and a low-cost mold can also be used. In addition, the molding materials that can be applied are widened, and the use of products is widened, and it is possible to produce inexpensive and high-performance products. 2) Powerful cooling is possible and the cooling time can be shortened. 3) Uniform cooling is possible, and not only the accuracy of the product and the efficiency of good products are improved, but also the cooling time can be shortened as a result.
  • the cooling means having the above novel structure is described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-206516, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-206515, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-206514, which are prior applications of the present inventor, and this application is based on these descriptions. It is what.
  • a molding die used in the apparatus configuration has at least a molding surface made of a material having a thermal permeability (kJ / m 2 s 1/2 K) of 0.01 to 15. It is preferable to use what is formed. In addition, it is preferable that the heat permeability of the said material is 10 or less, and it is still more preferable that it is 5 or less. Moreover, the single structure only with said material may be sufficient, and the arbitrary composite structures which use said material as a surface layer may be sufficient.
  • a mold having a surface layer made of such a material may have a surface layer itself that generates heat, or a layer that heats and controls the surface layer in close contact with the entire back surface of the surface layer, or a heat storage layer.
  • the thing of the provided structure can be utilized preferably.
  • the back layer or the back of the temperature control mechanism is not specified, and there may be no back layer.
  • Examples of materials having a thermal permeability within the above range include plastics, ceramics, and a small number of selected metal materials. These include aluminum materials and zinc that are commonly used as thermoforming molds. The value is smaller than that of an alloy material or the like. Examples of materials having a preferred range of heat permeability can be selected from Table 1. However, the notation is shown for reference to general substances or objects, and what can be used is not limited to these. *
  • the above-described mold is further provided with a surface layer made of a material having a thermal permeability (b value) of 15 or less and a thermal permeability (b value) larger than that of the surface layer. It is preferable that it consists of the back body which consists of material.
  • the heat permeability of the surface layer forming material is preferably 10 or less, more preferably 5 or less, and that of the back layer is preferably more than 5 and more preferably more than 10.
  • the thickness of the surface layer is required to be 0.04 mm or more, preferably 0.06 mm or more, and more preferably 0.1 mm or more.
  • the thickness is preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 10 mm or less, and even more preferably 5 mm or less. Moreover, it is preferable that the thickness of the surface layer is substantially uniform. Further, the thermal permeability of the back layer is preferably 2 times or more than that of the surface layer, and particularly preferably 10 times or more. Note that the thickness of the back layer is not limited, and is not limited to a certain thickness or shape. Also, this layer is not limited to a single material layer.
  • the above-mentioned mold further includes means for adjusting the temperature of the surface layer made of the above-mentioned material from behind.
  • means for adjusting the temperature of the surface layer made of the above-mentioned material from behind As a more specific and preferable method for this purpose, 1) a method of closely attaching to the surface layer and adding a temperature control mechanism to the back layer having a larger heat permeability, and 2) close to the entire surface behind the surface layer. A method of providing uniform temperature control means, 3) A method of generating heat on the surface layer itself. 4) There is a method of providing a heat storage layer in close contact behind the entire surface layer. For this temperature control, any known method such as a method using an electric heater or a method using a heat medium can be used.
  • the temperature control on the heating side is preferable.
  • the temperature control means may be added anywhere in the back layer or the back body, and may be provided in the layer or externally.
  • the surface layer is constantly heated by the conduction heat from the back layer.
  • the back layer is not particularly limited in this case, and the back layer may not be provided.
  • a method of forming a planar high heat transfer layer over the entire surface behind the surface layer and conducting heat from a specific position is also included.
  • the molds 2), 3) and 4) are those disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-165069.
  • FIG. 14 shows an example of the structure 1) above.
  • the mold 60 includes a surface layer 61 and a back layer 62, 63 is a vacuum exhaust hole, 64 is an exhaust passage, and 65 is a heat medium passage for temperature control.
  • the mold made by forming an epoxy resin layer of 0.5 mm on the back layer of the aluminum material 5052 and exposing a fine thermocouple on the molding surface through the back layer and the surface layer is a high performance. It is.
  • temperature control means such as this heat-medium channel
  • FIG. 15 shows an example of the structure 2) above.
  • the mold main body 60 includes a heat generating layer 65 behind the surface layer 61 having the predetermined heat permeability, and further includes a rear portion 62 behind the heat generating layer 65.
  • 63 denotes a vacuum exhaust hole
  • 64 denotes an exhaust passage
  • 66 denotes a lead wire.
  • ceramic or the like may be used as a back body, and a sheet heating element may be laid and pasted thereon, and a surface layer may be formed thereon with a material having the predetermined heat permeability.
  • a heating element layer may be formed by plating and etching a nickel-based resistor metal on the back body.
  • the surface layer material examples include heat-resistant resins such as epoxy resin, fluorine resin, polyimide, and PEEK.
  • heat-resistant resins such as epoxy resin, fluorine resin, polyimide, and PEEK.
  • the method for producing a molded article using the apparatus of the present invention is not particularly limited, but as an eleventh invention belonging to the present invention, a resin sheet preheating step, a shaping step, and a temperature higher than this preheating step.
  • a method for forming a thermoplastic resin sheet comprising a heat treatment step for heat treatment in step 1 and a cooling step can be preferably carried out. These steps can be performed at high speed, and efficient continuous molding can be performed using a long molding material resin sheet.
  • a long resin sheet is guided and stopped under the heating plate that is heated and adjusted to the preheating temperature, and the heating plate and the mold are moved up and down to sandwich them, and the resin sheet is heated.
  • Preheating is performed while vacuum-adsorbing from the plate side or air-pressing from the mold side.
  • a pressure shaping by air discharged from the heating plate and / or a vacuum shaping by vacuum suction from the molding die side are instantaneously performed on the heating temperature-controlled forming die.
  • the temperature of the shaped body is raised above the preheating temperature on the surface of the high-temperature mold and / or by the high-temperature gas released from the heating plate.
  • the cooling step next to this the heating plate is raised, the cooling means is inserted between the opened heating plate and the mold, and the cooling medium is injected to cool and release the shaped body.
  • the temperature increasing heat treatment using the high-temperature compressed gas can also be performed. The latter method is suitable when the resin sheet is thin and too sensitive to heat.
  • the apparatus setting or condition setting in the molding as described above can be explained by dividing it into three patterns.
  • a sine curve-like continuous molding cycle can be drawn.
  • T surface temperature
  • S internal temperature
  • Tb maximum temperature
  • Pattern A is a pattern in which S is adjusted to a constant temperature between Tt and Tb of the surface temperature cycle.
  • Tt is a temperature reached by high-temperature gas or infrared irradiation
  • Tb is a temperature reached by the cooling means.
  • Direct temperature control of the back layer may or may not be performed. If the molding is continued continuously for a long time in a state where heat does not escape so much from the back side, the back layer temperature S settles at Tt and Tb of the surface temperature cycle. In this case, if the thermal permeability of the back layer is not so large, S is not linear in time in the vicinity of the surface layer, but draws a small temperature cycle following the surface layer. It is desirable to positively and arbitrarily adjust the temperature of the back layer, and the heating means and the cooling means can be set to the optimum shortest time depending on the temperature.
  • Pattern B is a pattern for adjusting S to a constant temperature equal to or lower than Tb.
  • Tb is reached mainly by heat transfer from the back layer, that is, the temperature of S.
  • the cooling means is not essential, but if used, the cycle can be shortened.
  • Tt is reached by the heating means.
  • Pattern C is a pattern for adjusting S to a constant temperature equal to or higher than Tt. In this case, Tt is reached mainly by heat transfer from the back layer, that is, the temperature of S. Therefore, the heating temperature control of the back layer is essential.
  • the heating means is Although not essential, the cycle can be shortened if used. Tb is reached by the cooling means.
  • the molding method of the present invention is characterized by performing a heat treatment at a temperature higher than that at the time of shaping of the resin sheet between shaping and cooling, and is characterized by being able to be performed at high speed continuously. .
  • the method of the present invention makes it possible to produce various molded products that are easily heat-treated with a wide range of resins.
  • the thermal permeation rate (b value) used as the specified value of the present invention is a characteristic value of an object related to the amount of heat moving through the interface and the contacting object, and is obtained by the following equation.
  • b ( ⁇ C) 1/2 (1) ⁇ ; thermal conductivity (Js ⁇ 1 m ⁇ 1 K ⁇ 1 ), ⁇ ; density (kgm ⁇ 3 ), C; specific heat (Jkg ⁇ 1 K ⁇ 1 )
  • An object having a small b value flows only a small amount of heat to the interface and does not give a large temperature change to the counterpart object, and is greatly influenced by the counterpart object near the interface.
  • the heat from the shaped body is not diffused, so that the shaped body can be easily heated and cooled by the high-temperature gas and the cooling gas.
  • the heat of the back layer is not easily transferred to the surface layer surface (interface with the shaped body), the surface temperature is highly uniform, and the surface layer thickness is reduced for fast and stable condition setting. Or by increasing this b value to some extent, it can be optimized in accordance with the molding material.
  • the b value is about 17 to 23 for an aluminum material, about 13 to 16 for an iron material, about 34 copper, 8.0 for a non-rust steel (SUS306), and 0.0 for many synthetic resins. About 2 to 0.8, many ceramics fall between 1 and 20.
  • Table 1 illustrates the b values of some materials.
  • the b value also shows a slightly different value depending on the measurement temperature, but in the present application, strictly, it is defined by a measurement value of 20 ° C.
  • a composite material with a material having no linearity in a change between 20 ° C. and 200 ° C. for example, a heat storage agent accompanied by a phase change, an average value of 100 ° C. and 150 ° C. should be adopted. To do. It should be noted that even if the same material is used, if the shape changes to a foam or a porous body, this value will change greatly.
  • the above mold has a structure of two or more layers, the back layer of the surface layer is controlled to a constant temperature, and the molding surface temperature of the surface layer that changes in temperature by the heating gas and the cooling gas through the shaped body is set to a desired level.
  • Quick return to the reference temperature if the thickness of the surface layer exceeds 30 mm, the control of the back layer takes too much time to reach a steady state in response to the surface temperature, which is not practically effective.
  • this thickness is less than 0.03 mm, the influence of the temperature of a back layer is received greatly, and the effect which accelerates
  • the coating thickness is as thin as 30 ⁇ m or less. There is no need to do this, and there is a difficulty, and no device that can achieve the effects of the present invention has been produced.
  • a single material may be used, but in this case, there may or may not be direct temperature control on the mold, and in either case, the desired surface temperature may be stabilized to some extent. If the time is taken, the desired molding is possible.
  • a material composed of a single material having a thermal permeability b value (kJ / m 2 s 1/2 K) of 0.01 to 3 preferably has no heating temperature control mechanism, As for those composed of three or more single materials, those equipped with a heating temperature control mechanism can be used more preferably.
  • the above-mentioned mold has a fine hole that enables vacuum forming or evacuation at the time of forming, and is housed in the above-mentioned mold storing box so that it can be evacuated.
  • thermocouple tip having a wire diameter of about 0.1 mm is projected on the molding surface of the mold, and this can be measured.
  • thermocouple tip having a wire diameter of about 0.1 mm is projected on the molding surface of the mold, and this can be measured.
  • thermocouple tip having a wire diameter of about 0.1 mm is projected on the molding surface of the mold, and this can be measured.
  • thermocouple tip having a wire diameter of about 0.1 mm is projected on the molding surface of the mold, and this can be measured.
  • the temperature of the S-line is actively controlled to control the temperature of the mold itself. However, depending on the distance from the molding surface or the distance from the heat source, the molding cycle is repeated with a temperature gradient. It is also a value that stabilizes at.
  • these temperatures are considerably different from the surface temperature or interface temperature shown here. This is because when heating and cooling are performed in units of seconds or less, a large temperature gradient occurs in the thickness direction of the shaped body.
  • temperature measurement from the back of the shaped body with infrared rays or the like does not accurately represent the material temperature. In the present invention, it is expressed by the surface temperature (interface temperature), but there is a difference from this temperature and it is necessary to consider it as a relative value.
  • Molding with heat treatment of the stretched PET sheet was performed.
  • 1) Molding material A 2.3 times uniaxially stretched sheet of homopolyethylene terephthalate resin (those not heat-fixed) and a non-heat-fixed product having a thickness of 0.23 mm were used.
  • the compressed air box has the structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and is made of aluminum and has a box body 67 having an effective inner dimension of 330 ⁇ 550 mm. 21 may be unnecessary).
  • a gas feed hole 35 for high-temperature gas having a diameter of 1 mm is formed in the gas feed / exhaust surface 36 at every intersection of a grid lattice with a spacing of 30 mm. 28).
  • the low-temperature air supply / exhaust main body 21 and the gas supply / discharge passage 28 have a function of compressed air shaping with a low-temperature gas and exhaust from a compressed air space.
  • the high-temperature air supply body 31 and the gas delivery hole 35 have a function of delivering the high-temperature compressed gas to the compressed air space.
  • An infrared radiation paint was applied to the air supply / exhaust surface 36. Then cooling hand stage structure shown in FIG. 11, namely the reflection flow of the injected cooling gas, in a manner that the exhaust horizontally suction from the passage 45 provided between the injection nozzle 43, the effective size 330 ⁇ 550 mm I used something.
  • the mold is of the surface layer / back layer system shown at 60 in FIG. 15.
  • Aluminum aluminum A5052 is used as the back layer, and PEEK resin (b value is 0.35) 0.15 mm surface layer is coated and fired thereon.
  • the one formed by the method was used.
  • the molded product of this mold is a round dish shape with a diameter of 90 mm and a depth of 30 mm, and 15 molds with an outer dimension of 110 mm square are fixed to the fixing plate of the heater inclusion and accommodated with an inner dimension of 332 ⁇ 552 mm.
  • the upper surface of the mold was 5 mm lower than the side wall of the storage box, and a 1 mm gap was provided from the side wall.
  • the tip of the thin wire thermocouple was exposed on the molding surface to allow measurement of the molding surface temperature and the shaped body interface temperature. Similarly, a thin wire thermocouple was inserted from the side wall of the compressed air box so that the internal compressed air temperature could be measured.
  • the resin sheet was preheated by holding the resin sheet in a preheating oven set at 550 ° C. for 9 seconds, and moved to the upper part of the mold.
  • the sheet preheating temperature was 95 ° C.
  • the molding die had a molding surface preheating temperature of 160 ° C. by heating from a fixed plate.
  • heated air about 450 ° C. and an original pressure of 0.4 MPa into the compressed air box and starting the delivery from the high-temperature air supply body 31, the vacuum suction on the mold storage box side is activated for 1.0 second. Then, vacuum / pressure formation was performed at a pressure / pressure of 0.4 MPa.
  • the exhaust was operated while being restricted from the low-temperature air supply / exhaust main body 21, and the heated air was continuously delivered by heating the heated air at a pressure / air pressure of 0.2 MPa for 2.5 seconds.
  • the pressure air temperature became 280 ° C.
  • the heat treatment temperature interface arrival temperature
  • the mold surface temperature instantaneously dropped to a temperature slightly below about 160 ° C. during shaping, but the temperature immediately rose to this temperature.
  • the pressure air box was raised, the cooling means was moved to the upper part of the shaped body, cooled by air injection for 5 seconds, and released. At the time of mold release, the surface (interface) temperature was lowered to about 130 ° C.
  • Molding result The obtained molded product had a good shape and transparency.
  • a heat resistance test was conducted by immersing in silicone oil at 140 ° C. for 2 minutes, and there was no deformation or noticeable shrinkage, and the heat resistance was excellent. It was found that the temperature of the heat treatment with the high-temperature gas was easy in the pressure box used. It has been found that an efficient heat treatment effect cannot be achieved under comparative test conditions, that is, conditions that can be set in a known compressed air box.
  • Example 2 The operating conditions were changed in the apparatus configuration shown in Example 1, and molding with heat treatment of the same stretched PET sheet was performed.
  • compressed air shaping was performed with a normal temperature compressed gas.
  • the resin sheet was preheated to 95 ° C. in the same manner as in Example 1, and the mold was used with its surface temperature preheated to 165 ° C.
  • the compressed air box was able to introduce heated air of about 450 ° C. and an original pressure of 0.4 MPa. Further, the air supply / exhaust surface 36 is adjusted to substantially the same temperature as the introduced gas so that infrared radiation is sufficiently emitted.
  • the temperature began to rise and reached this temperature.
  • the pressure air box was raised, the cooling means was moved to the upper part of the shaped body, cooled by air injection for 5 seconds, and released.
  • the surface (interface) temperature was lowered to about 130 ° C.
  • the operating conditions were changed in the apparatus configuration shown in Example 1, and molding with heat treatment of the same stretched PET sheet was performed.
  • a preheating oven was not used for preheating the resin sheet, and preheating and shaping were advanced almost simultaneously using a compressed air box.
  • Preheating of the resin sheet An unpreheated sheet was introduced under the compressed air box, and preheating and shaping were performed simultaneously.
  • high-temperature gas was supplied from the high-temperature air supply main body 31 gradually over time.
  • infrared radiation is also used from the feed / discharge surface 36 in addition to the high-temperature gas as a preheating source.
  • the mold is preheated so that the surface temperature is 160 ° C, and the compressed air box is supplied with heated air of approximately 450 ° C and an original pressure of 0.4 MPa, and is shaped and heated. Went.
  • the air supply / exhaust surface 36 was used by adjusting to substantially the same temperature as the introduced gas.
  • the vacuum pressure forming (including sheet preheating) was 4 seconds, and the pressure pressure was 0.4 MPa.
  • the exhaust from the low-temperature air supply / exhaust body 21 was activated, and the high-temperature gas was continuously supplied from the high-temperature air supply body 31 to increase the temperature of the heat treatment.
  • the temperature of the heat treatment was 2.5 seconds, the pressure pressure was 0.2 MPa, and the pressure temperature was about 285 ° C.
  • the heat treatment temperature (interface arrival temperature) was 186 ° C.
  • the said surface temperature fell to about 150 degreeC instantaneously at the time of shaping, it heated up and became this temperature. Thereafter, the cooling means was moved, and spray cooling with room temperature air was operated for 5 seconds to release the mold. At the time of mold release, the surface (interface) temperature was lowered to about 130 ° C.
  • the stretched PET sheet was molded with heat treatment in the apparatus configuration of FIG. FIG. 7 shows a state during the molding process.
  • Molding device The following compressed air plate, cooling means, and molding die were mounted on a 10 ton single-wafer vacuum compressed air molding machine to obtain the configuration shown in FIG.
  • the air supply port 31 is provided with a gas supply hole 38 for high-temperature gas.
  • the exhaust port 21 and the gas discharge hole 25 have a function of sucking and fixing during preheating of the resin sheet and exhausting from the compressed air space.
  • room temperature compressed air is introduced and sent to this port so that compressed air shaping with low temperature air can be performed.
  • the air supply main body port 31 and the gas delivery hole 38 have a function of delivering compressed hot air to the compressed air space and heating the temperature of the shaped body.
  • the cooling means has a structure shown in FIG. 11, that is, a system in which a reflected flow of injected cooling gas is sucked from a passage 47 provided between the injection nozzles 44 and exhausted in the horizontal direction, and has an effective size of 330 ⁇ 550 mm. It was used.
  • the mold is of the surface layer / back layer type shown in 60 of FIG. 1.
  • Aluminum A5052 is used as the back layer, and a zirconia (b value is 2.8) 0.3 mm surface layer is formed thereon by thermal spray coating. What was let to use was used.
  • the molded product is a round dish shape with a diameter of 90 mm and a depth of 30 mm, and 15 molds with an outer dimension of 110 mm square are fixed to the fixing plate of the heater inclusion, and placed in a storage box with an inner dimension of 332 x 552 mm. I stored it.
  • the upper surface of the mold was 5 mm lower than the side wall of the storage box, and a 1 mm gap was provided from the side wall.
  • the temperature measurement was performed by exposing the tip of the thin wire thermocouple to the molding surface so that the molding surface temperature and the shaped body interface temperature could be measured.
  • a fine wire thermocouple is arranged to penetrate from the back of the heating plate so that the pressure air temperature can be measured.
  • the pressure air temperature reached 288 ° C.
  • the heat treatment temperature interface arrival temperature
  • the surface temperature instantaneously dropped to about 160 ° C. or lower during shaping, but the temperature was raised to this temperature.
  • the mold was released by introducing a cooling means and spraying for 5 seconds.
  • the surface (interface) temperature was lowered to about 140 ° C.
  • the mold used was preheated to a surface temperature of 163 ° C.
  • the air supply port was heated to 330 ° C. in advance.
  • Molding result The obtained molded product had a good shape and transparency.
  • a heat resistance test was conducted by immersing in silicone oil at 140 ° C. for 2 minutes, and there was no deformation or noticeable shrinkage, and the heat resistance was excellent. It was found that the pressure plate used was easy to heat-treat with a hot gas. It has been found that an efficient heat treatment effect cannot be achieved under the conditions of the comparative test, that is, the condition setting possible with a known so-called heating plate.
  • the stretched PET sheet was molded with heat treatment by the operation method different from that of Example 4 with almost the same configuration as in Example 4.
  • the preheating of the resin sheet was performed in a heating oven prepared separately.
  • 1) Molding material the same as in Example 4 was used.
  • 2) Molding apparatus the same one as in Example 4 was used.
  • the pressurized air shaping air supply from the exhaust port 21 of the compressed air plate 30 is not performed, but the shaping is performed by the high temperature gas feeding from the air feeding freight.
  • a separately prepared heating oven was used for preheating the resin sheet.
  • thermoforming A molding process involving heat treatment and cooling mold release for heating the shaped body above the preheating temperature for shaping can be carried out at a very high speed, continuously, efficiently and stably.
  • thermoforming that involves heat setting of a stretched crystalline resin sheet.
  • the material include stretched sheets such as PLA, thermoplastic resin such as PET, crystalline resin such as polypropylene, polyamide, and PEEK.
  • stretched sheets such as PLA, thermoplastic resin such as PET, crystalline resin such as polypropylene, polyamide, and PEEK.
  • thermoforming that performs the above heat treatment using a stretched PET sheet, it is possible to efficiently produce thermoformed products having excellent mechanical strength such as heat resistance, transparency, and rigidity. Can do.
  • a crystalline resin sheet that has not been subjected to stretching treatment for example, can be used for molding involving crystallization of PET (CPET) to which a crystal nucleating agent is added, and this can be performed at a higher speed than before. it can.
  • CPET crystallization of PET
  • a new method, etc. that can be applied to SPPF molding of polypropylene (solid phase high pressure molding) to solve the disadvantages of this molding method (reducing residual stress distortion and improving heat-resistant dimensional stability). Can do.
  • Molding with heat treatment can be performed precisely, uniformly, without variation, at high speed and with energy saving, and the improvement in strength and rigidity due to orientation and crystallization has been converted to a material with reduced thickness, It is possible to contribute to the social needs for resource conservation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine de thermoformage permettant d'effectuer en continu de manière rapide et selon un rendement satisfaisant, un processus de démoulage d'une forme de thermoformage. Cette machine de thermoformage servant de moyen de pression, possède en un bloc: un premier mécanisme libérant un corps gazeux compressé, et un second mécanisme qui aspire et décharge à l'extérieur le corps gazeux ainsi libéré dans un espace de pression. En outre, la machine de thermoformage adopte au moins une structure parmi la structure dudit premier mécanisme et la structure dudit second mécanisme respectivement : 1) afin de libérer le corps gazeux depuis un espace de distribution de la partie interne dudit moyen de pression via une pluralité d'ouvertures d'approvisionnement en air; ou 2) afin de faire passer l'air aspiré par une pluralité d'ouverture d'aspiration, de l'admettre dans un espace de collecte d'air de la partie interne dudit moyen de pression, puis de le décharger en le guidant vers l'extérieur. Enfin un moyen de refroidissement est disposé à la périphérie d'un moule de formage, et un corps formé est refroidi par progression dans un espace de partie supérieure du moule de formage après formation sous pression.
PCT/JP2012/067827 2011-07-28 2012-07-12 Dispositif pour thermoformage, et procédé de formage Ceased WO2013015129A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

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JP2011165069A JP5771794B2 (ja) 2011-07-28 2011-07-28 熱成形用の装置と成形方法
JP2011-165069 2011-07-28
JP2011-206516 2011-09-21
JP2011-206514 2011-09-21
JP2011206516A JP5807874B2 (ja) 2011-09-21 2011-09-21 熱成形用の装置と成形方法
JP2011206515A JP5811339B2 (ja) 2011-09-21 2011-09-21 熱成形用の装置と成形方法
JP2011-206515 2011-09-21
JP2011206514A JP5807873B2 (ja) 2011-09-21 2011-09-21 熱成形用の装置と成形方法

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103538189A (zh) * 2013-11-06 2014-01-29 重庆龙润汽车转向器有限公司 车用空调蒸发器新风门支架的冷却定型工装
FR3009223A1 (fr) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-06 Automotive Amiens Sas Procede de thermoformage d'une plaque mince.
CN109130112A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-04 陈建华 一种便于冷却脱模的塑料注塑用模具
CN112041233A (zh) * 2019-03-13 2020-12-04 相互株式会社 泡罩包装机的膜加热成形装置
TWI757884B (zh) * 2020-09-23 2022-03-11 大陸商漢達精密電子（昆山）有限公司 一種用於快速熱循環成型的加壓加熱系統及方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3009223A1 (fr) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-06 Automotive Amiens Sas Procede de thermoformage d'une plaque mince.
CN103538189A (zh) * 2013-11-06 2014-01-29 重庆龙润汽车转向器有限公司 车用空调蒸发器新风门支架的冷却定型工装
CN109130112A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-04 陈建华 一种便于冷却脱模的塑料注塑用模具
CN109130112B (zh) * 2018-09-30 2020-07-14 佛山市顺德区吉联塑料制品有限公司 一种便于冷却脱模的塑料注塑用模具
CN112041233A (zh) * 2019-03-13 2020-12-04 相互株式会社 泡罩包装机的膜加热成形装置
CN112041233B (zh) * 2019-03-13 2021-10-15 相互株式会社 泡罩包装机的膜加热成形装置
TWI757884B (zh) * 2020-09-23 2022-03-11 大陸商漢達精密電子（昆山）有限公司 一種用於快速熱循環成型的加壓加熱系統及方法

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