WO2013014305A1 - Modular construction system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the construction sector, specifically to the modular construction of buildings for residential, hotel, educational and hospital use. The prefabricated concrete modules that comprise the building consist of three basic pieces: a base that constitutes the bottom of each module, having 4 corner brackets on the lower part thereof; a box that constitutes the roof, facades and side walls of each module, having 4 corner brackets on the upper part thereof; and a corridor that consists of a slab where the width is equal to that of the base and the length varies depending on regulations and the needs of the resulting building. The base and the box are joined, forming a single rigid, monolithic piece. To this end, the base is provided with frameworks so that they overlap with those of the box, thus providing continuity to the framework and ensuring the strength of the concreting join between the base and the box. The various modules that will comprise the building are placed one directly on the other and next to each other. Neoprene bands ensure a more homogeneous support, avoiding direct contact between the concrete of the different modules. The stability of the resulting building in unlikely situations is guaranteed by means of two kinds of pieces: positioning and anchoring. Like the corner brackets of the base and the box, said pieces are copied from port transport and storage systems. For residential buildings, the grouping of several modules would comprise the dwelling and the grouping of several dwellings, with their respective modules of vertical communication (stairs and elevator), would comprise the building.

Description

 MODULAR CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM

SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE

The invention falls within the sector of modular construction, and more specifically in the modular construction of buildings intended for residential, individual or collective use.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION (STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE)

Despite living in an advanced society that has achieved significant achievements in food, health, education, ... housing has failed to evolve at the same pace and condition the quality of life of the citizen.

Current housing problems:

 - High prices that hamper the development of families and condition their amortization with variable mortgages for many years.

 Little technology: We live surrounded by technology but current homes are not ready to incorporate it. The space reserves necessary to install them are not even foreseen when deemed appropriate without having to carry out costly adaptation works or important modifications in their distribution.

 Low sensitivity to the environment: uncontrolled water and electricity consumption, poor thermal and acoustic insulation, construction processes that generate a large amount of waste, ...

 Artisanal construction process: Manufacturing defects, slow and expensive execution, low-skilled labor that give rise to subsequent claims by the client translates into low quality.

 Typology of obsolete housing: Current housing does not offer alternatives that adapt to the different ways of life of families in today's society presenting spaces that are not very consistent with current functional requirements.

 The solution involves rethinking the entire design and construction process, incorporating l + D + l processes. It is necessary to analyze from the beginning all the variables involved taking advantage of new technologies, in order to design economic, technological, sustainable buildings and with enough typological variety to adapt to the current market demands.

 Currently there are some examples of prefabricated modular construction with both metal structure and concrete structure.

 EP1700964 and ES2303457A1 show modular construction systems consisting of reinforced concrete construction modules of high strength, to be stacked vertically and placed side by side in the construction of residential buildings preferably.

 Each module forms a monolithic structure constituted by a horizontal hearth, four vertical pillars in the corners of the latter, four perimetral upper beams and a slab resting on them as a ceiling.

REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) The modules include placement devices for stacking; lateral connection elements between the modules and / or horizontal and vertical clamping bands. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A new concept of modular building is proposed, with different ranges of finishing both inside and outside, configurable from a computer program that allows you to evaluate its cost in real time, being able to choose options that can be incorporated easily, even afterwards.

 It allows the construction of buildings destined for residential use preferably (both individual and collective), although it is also applicable to hotel, school, hospital and elderly use.

 The MODULAR CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM is developed entirely in the factory, including facilities and new technology for which different ranges are also provided that, if not incorporated, can be added later as a kit, even by the user himself through the records intended for the purpose that avoids any type of works.

 It is based on prefabricated modules of independent reinforced concrete, which is the basic unit of the building, intended to develop in each of them a basic function. In the case of a house, there is the bedroom module (N1, N2), the services module (kitchen + bathroom) (S), the living room module (D, D / N), the terrace module (T). .

 From the grouping of several concrete modules the house is obtained and from the grouping of several houses the building is obtained.

 The building assembly consists of the following phases:

 1 .- Earthworks

 2.- Execution of the foundation

 3. - Execution of sanitation and plumbing connections

 4. - Placement of the different modules, completely finished, that make up the building, including anchoring systems between modules.

 5. - Connection of the facilities.

 The work on site is simplified, avoiding formwork, concreting, masonry works, disappearing the trades being only necessary the machinery for the elevation of the modules and the labor to make the assemblies between modules and connection of facilities.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For the best understanding of what is described in the present report, some drawings are included in which the execution process is shown, design of each module separately, the grouping of the different modules configuring the housing typologies, and the grouping of these configuring different block typologies (In row, in compact block and in closed block).

REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) - Figure 1: It is a perspective view of the base of the housing module that shows the basic components of this piece: slab (1 .1), side walls (1 .3), corners (1 .4) and installation holes (fifteen).

 - Figure 2: It is a perspective view of the corner of the base of the module (1 .4) with the round welded to it (2.1) to ensure its anchoring in the base.

 - Figure 3: It is a perspective view of the housing module drawer that shows the basic components of this piece: Slab (3.1), L-pillars (3.4), side walls (3.6), side beams (3.7) and corners ( 3.5).

 - Figure 4: It is a perspective view of the corner of the module drawer (3.5) with the round welded to it (4.1 and 4.2) to ensure its anchorage in the drawer.

 - Figure 5: It is a perspective view of the corridor slab (5.1) and the support system at the base of the housing module (5.3 and 5.5)

 - Figure 6: It is a perspective view of two housing modules (6.1), with the corridor (5.1) and with the facade mounting system (6.4 and 6.5)

 - Figure 7: It is a perspective view of a building with housing modules where the joint pieces between modules are shown: Positioning parts (7.1) and anchoring parts (7.2).

 - Figure 8: It is a perspective view of the cover module that shows the basic components of this piece: Module base (Same as Figure 1) and bibs (8.1)

 - Figure 9: It is a sectioned perspective view of the ladder module, which shows the basic components of this piece: base (9.1) with transverse support beam (9.4), drawer (9.2) with transverse support beam (9.5 ) and precast concrete stringers (9.3).

 - Figure 10: It is a perspective view, sectioned, of the elevator module, which shows the basic components of this part: Base of the elevator module (10.1) and drawer of the elevator module (10.2)

 - Figure 11: Example of a floor plan of a block of flats, including stair and elevator modules.

 - Figure 12: It is a perspective view of a linear block typology

 - Figure 13: It is a perspective view of a compact block typology

 - Figure 14: It is a perspective view of a block type in closed block.

BASIC UNIT DESCRIPTION

Next, the module or BASIC UNIT that makes up the building will be described. It is composed of three pieces:

 1.- Base (Figure 1). Of reinforced concrete, it constitutes the floor of each module. It consists of a slab (1 .1) and four "walls" on each side of the slab (1 .3). The drawer will form and form on the drawer (Figure 3). The ultimate goal is that the base (Figure 1) and drawer (Figure 3) come together and constitute a single rigid and monolithic piece (Figure 6). For this, at the base (Figure 1), we expect armatures on hold (1 .2) that will overlap with those of the drawer, giving continuity to the reinforcement and guaranteeing the strength of the concrete joint between the base (Figure 1) and drawer (Figure 3). On the underside of the "walls" located under the base slab, on the sides of smaller dimensions (1 .3)

REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) They have four corners (base corner) (1 .4) so that the distance between the four corners is 6 cant58 by 2 ^' 438 meters, coinciding with the standard measures for road transport with conventional trailers. The corners of the base (1 .4) not only guarantee the transport and handling of the piece but also the connection between the different adjacent modules, giving unity to the building as a whole. The walls of greater length under the slab of the base have some recesses (1 .6) that allow to pass the installations of a module to another of the same house. To ensure the strong bond between the corner of the base and the base itself, round corrugated steel is welded to the first one, which is connected to the rest of the base assembly (Figure 2). On one of the smaller sides of the base, a series of holes (1.5) closed by a beam (5.5) are provided for the passage of the installations and support of the corridor slab (Figure 5).

2.- Drawer (Figure 3). Reinforced concrete, constitutes the roof, facades and side walls of each module. It is formed by an upper slab (3.1), four side walls (3.6), which can incorporate holes, four "L" shaped pillars in the corners (3.4) and two beams on the sides of greater length (3.7) that give greater rigidity to the assembly to absorb the stresses to which the piece will be subjected during the transport and lifting processes. The upper slab has two holes for registration (3.2) to access the chamber formed by supporting one module over another, between the slab of the drawer (3.1) and the slab of the base of the upper module (1 .1), allowing the passage and connection of the facilities. It also presents a series of recesses (3.3) that serve as a guide to link the installations supported on the drawer with the general installations that run through the holes provided in the base of the module (1 .5). Each of the pillars has in its upper part a corner (box of the drawer) (3.5) so that the distance between the four corners is 6Ό58 by 2 ^' 438 meters, coinciding with the standard measures for transport and handling with cranes and therefore with the corners of the base (1 .4). The corners of the drawer (3.5) not only guarantee the transport and handling of the piece but also the connection between the different adjacent modules, joining the corners of the drawer (3.5) with the corners of the base (1 .4) of the upper module and of the adjacent side modules through the anchoring parts (7.1) and positioning (7.2) described below. To ensure the strong bond between the corner of the drawer and the drawer itself, the first two steel plates are welded to which, in turn, are welded round corrugated steel that are connected to the rest of the drawer assembly (Figure 4).

 The standby reinforcements located in the base (1 .2) overlap with the reinforcement of the pillars and the side walls of the drawer guaranteeing the union between the base (Figure 1) and the drawer (Figure 3). In this way, a high-strength monolithic structure module (6.1) is obtained with the capacity to be stacked and thus constitute complete buildings.

 The definitive measures of this module may be modified according to the requirements and needs of the user, being only necessary to adapt the mold to the specific measures that are desired. Only the positions of the corners of the base and the corners of the drawer will be kept constant, to ensure transport and handling by conventional means.

 In each of these concrete parallelepipeds called "modules" a housing activity is developed and assigned (Figure 1 1): Services module (kitchen + bathroom) (S), day module (D, D / N, T ), night module (N1, N2, ...) Depending on the assigned activity, the module can incorporate prefabricated partitions with metal substructure (1 1 .2) that delimit different spaces (kitchen-distributor-bathroom, bedroom-hallway, ...)

REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) All modules have the possibility of incorporating in the back a cabinet that can be registered from the corridor through which the building facilities (6.3) run, through the holes (1 .5) provided in the base of the module (Figure 1) .

 This housing module design (6.1) with a closet reservation for registrable facilities (6.3), allows great flexibility when organizing and exchanging the different types of homes on the different floors. This alternation allows two plants with three bedrooms, on the upper floor, four studios and on the lower floor two houses with one bedroom and a study, in all cases, all the facilities perfectly tidy and can be raised on one floor. Recordable with its matching verticality.

 3.- Corridor (Figure 5). Of reinforced concrete, it is formed by a slab of width equal to that of the base and variable length according to regulations and needs of the resulting building (5.1). It is supported by the beams of the bases that close the gaps of the facilities and that are located on both sides of the corridor (5.5). In order to avoid direct contact between concretes of different pieces and ensure homogeneous support between the corridor and the base support beams, wetsuits are placed.

 In this way, both the exterior façade and the interior partition walls between modules and between module and corridor (3.6) are composed of a reinforced concrete sheet that will also act as an interior finishing surface.

 The thermal and acoustic insulation required according to regulations will be available, if necessary, on the outside of the module (6.4), as well as the exterior cladding (6.5) that may vary according to the technical needs of the project, the requirements of the developer or of the available budget. Communication between modules within a home is done through frames or openings (1 1 .3) located on the vertical walls (3.6) of the drawer. In order to hide the joint between modules and ensure tightness, a profile acting as flashing (1 1 .1) is inserted into the communication frame between modules (1 1 .3)

DESCRIPTION OF THE ANCHORAGE AND CONNECTION SYSTEMS BETWEEN MODULES THAT CONFIGURE THE BUILDINGS The different modules that will configure the building are placed directly supported one on top of the other and next to each other. Between the slab of the base of a module (1 .1) and the slab of the drawer (3.1) of the lower module, as well as between the side walls of the drawers (3.6) of adjacent modules, air chambers are generated that allow placing the facilities of each module and the necessary thermal and acoustic insulation

 In order to avoid the transmission of noise between modules, due to acoustic bridges, in the junction areas (at the base of the pillars and on the sides of these in contact with adjacent modules) neoprene bands (6.2) are arranged which In addition, they guarantee a more homogeneous support, avoiding direct contact between concretes of different modules.

 The stability of the resulting building against unlikely or accidental situations (explosions, seismic movements, ...), is guaranteed by two types of anchoring and connection between modules that, like the corners of the base (1. 4) and the corners of the drawer (3.5), are inherited from the port transport and storage systems:

REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) 1 .- Positioning pieces (7.1): They condition the horizontal movement between modules but not the vertical movement. It consists of a plate (7.1 .1) and four cones (7.1 .2) welded to it, two on the upper face and two on the lower face. This piece is inserted directly into the lower holes of the corners of the base (2.3) and in the upper corners of the corners of the drawer (4.3).

 2 - Anchorage Parts (7.2): They condition the vertical movement and give unity to the building as a whole. It consists of a tie rod (7.2.3), a tensioner at each end (7.2.2) and the connecting piece of the tie rod with the corner (7.2.1). Its geometry allows its use as a horizontal brace, below the corridor slab and as a vertical brace both in the exterior facade and in the separation of the module with the corridor (Figure 7).

DESCRIPTION OF THE MODULES CONFIGURING VERTICAL COMMUNICATION Vertical communication is developed through two new modules: stair and elevator.

Both are conceived as modules with the same characteristics as those of housing in terms of manufacturing process, materials, geometry and dimensions. The construction, transport and commissioning of prefabricated elements (staircase and elevator) is similar to the rest of the housing modules.

 The stair module and the elevator module become part of the building as one more part of the series, as if it were a housing module, having identical dimensions (Figure 9 and 10).

 The position and number of stairs and elevators will not depend on geometric conditions but exclusively on regulatory or design requirements, and may not even have the elevator module or leaving the reserve without the machinery that could be placed later, even when in use building.

 1.- STAIRCASE MODULE (Figure 9): It consists of three basic pieces of concrete:

 1 .1 Base (9.1): With the same geometry as the bases of the housing modules (Figure 1). It has a hole (9.7) in the slab where the stair stringers (9.3) are located, delimited by three walls (two longitudinal and one transverse) and an internal transverse beam (9.4), which has a recess that allows support prefabricated stair stringers (9.3)

 1 .2 Drawer (9.2): With the same geometry as the drawers of the housing modules. It has a hole in the slab (9.6) that coincides with that of the base (9.7) where the stair stringers are located (9.3). Located at medium height, on the side of shorter length adjacent to the hole (9.6), it has a transverse beam (9.5) that allows the intermediate support of the stair stringers (9.3) while defining the gap for the lighting and ventilation of this module (Figure 9).

 1 .3 Stair stride (9.3): Prefabricated piece of concrete that is placed through the holes in the base (9.7) and the drawer (9.6) based on a series of transverse beams (9.4 and 9.5) that guarantee the stability of the piece.

REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) The connection system between the different parts that make up the ladder module and the anchoring system between these modules in vertical and with the adjacent modules in horizontal is the same as in the housing modules (Figure 7).

 2.- ELEVATOR MODULE (Figure 10): It consists of two basic pieces of concrete:

 2.1 Base (10.1): With the same geometry as the bases of the housing modules (Figure 1).

It has two holes (10.4) in the slab, where the elevator is located, which can be installed during the work or later, and the skid for the forced ventilation of the garage, if any

 2.2 Drawer (10.2): With the same geometry as the drawers of the housing modules (Figure 3). It has two holes (10.3) in the slab, which coincide in position and use with those of the base

(10.4).

 The connection system between the different parts that make up the elevator module and the anchoring system between these modules in vertical and with the adjacent modules in horizontal is the same as in the housing modules (Figure 7).

DESCRIPTION OF THE MODULES CONFIGURING THE BUILDING COVER

They are composed of "base" pieces exactly the same as those of the housing modules (Figure 1), coinciding in their measurements with the lower modules.

 On the base slab (1 .1), four "walls" (8.1) are concreted exactly the same as those of the base (1 .3), so that the piece is symmetrical with respect to the plane of the slab (1 .1 ). These walls (8.1) constitute the breastplates, delimiting the cover cloths (Figure 8). At the points where it coincides with the downpipes, holes are provided to connect directly to the general network (8.3). In this way it is not necessary to drill the bases and avoid possible water leaks in the homes.

 In the walls of the base of the roof module (1 .3) and on the roofs of the roof (8.1) located on the sides of shorter length, four upper and four lower corners (8.2) are arranged, located in the same way as in the housing modules, so that the rectangle formed by joining the four corners is exactly 6,058 x 2,438 m., coinciding with the position of the corners in the sea containers. With this arrangement it is possible to transport, lift and manipulate the module with conventional means used in maritime transport.

 In the joints between adjacent module cover modules (8.1), end pieces (8.4) are provided which ensures the seal of the joint between adjacent cover modules (Figure 8).

 The system allows to have different types of roof, depending on the intended use for this area (landscaped roof, inverted with gravel finish, passable, ...).

 The anchoring system between these modules and the lower modules and the adjacent horizontal modules is the same as in the housing modules (Figure 7), that is, by means of positioning parts (7.1) and anchoring parts (7.2).

REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) DESCRIPTION OF THE TYPES OF BUILDINGS

The set of elements that make up the MODULAR CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM, allows its combination with absolute freedom both vertically and horizontally, which allows to adjust to the specific expectations of each case from various points of view:

 Characteristics of the plot

 Building typology allowed in Urban Ordinances

 Market demand

 Economic resources

 · Deadline forecasts

 The grouping of all the modules described above allows, among others, the following constructive typologies:

 1. - Isolated single family:

 It corresponds to the typology that has usually been called isolated single-family housing that is usually used in urbanizations or peripheral areas of cities.

 The housing modules can be arranged aligned next to each other or taking advantage of the corridor piece to organize the housing around it with rooms on either side.

 This system would allow new modules to be added later to increase the surface of the houses.

 The final image of the building will depend on the type of facade panel chosen, prefabricated panel, curtain wall, lightened facades, ...

 2. - Semi-detached or linear block grouping (Figure 11 and 12):

 Corresponds to the typology that has usually been called "in a row" either single-family or collective in height that is usually used in areas of expansion of cities that are in the consolidation phase.

 The housing modules are arranged aligned to both sides of the corridor

 The length and number of floors of the block will depend on the regulatory requirements and the needs of the client.

 The stair and elevator modules (if any), are placed next to the housing modules, as one more module without altering the modulation of houses.

 Depending on the number of homes, at least one module for technical rooms (water and electricity) must be provided on the ground floor.

 The final image of the building will depend on the type of facade panel chosen, precast concrete panel, curtain wall, lightened facades, ...

 3.- Compact block (Figure 13):

 It corresponds to the typology that has usually been called "in block" or "in height".

 The housing modules are arranged around a central space composed of a stair module (Figure 9) and the corridor (5.1).

 Around this central space, six homes are distributed per floor.

 The typologies of the houses are multiple allowing a large number of combinations, and may vary from one floor to another. This alternation allows to "break" the corners of the block

REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) creating terraces of equivalent surface to a module, creating a dynamic final image in which the design and exterior shape of the building is incorporated as another variant.

 On the Ground Floor, a module must be reserved, which acts as a hall, and allows access to the common central area and, depending on the number of homes, at least one other module for technical rooms (water and electricity, telecommunications ...).

 The final image of the building will depend on the type of facade panel chosen, precast concrete panel, curtain wall, lightened facades, ...

 4.- Block in closed block (Figure 14):

 Corresponds to the typology that has usually been called "in closed block" with common area of leisure, games and sports.

 For the configuration of the block in closed block, it is part of the attached group or in a linear block (Figure 1 1 and 12).

 Four independent blocks are organized in the form of a ring, creating a common central leisure and recreation space with swimming pools, green areas, sports courts, ...

 A reserve module for technical rooms (Water, electricity, telecommunications, ...) is planned for each stair core.

 The final image of the building will depend on the type of facade panel that is chosen, the exterior can be different from the interior of the interior to the common area. 5.- DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT

The system is composed of modular pieces of high-strength reinforced concrete (6.1). The construction of these is done through a factory mechanized formwork system that allows its reuse in the construction of new parts.

 The mechanical formwork is formed by inner plates and outer plates. These plates are powered by hydraulic systems that perform the formwork and formwork actions.

 The formwork has been designed to obtain the reinforced concrete parts described in the description section of the invention.

 Once the concrete part has been made in the factory and, depending on the latter, of services, day or night, the corresponding installations for each of the modules will be assembled. Each module is ready to be transported to its final location, incorporating all the finishes with their corresponding facilities.

 The habitable modules are complemented with others to form the building as a whole, already having all the facilities integrated since its manufacture, such as sanitary, electrical, home automation, heating, air conditioning, and others. The modules form habitable rooms, containing all the facilities and finishes necessary for their use.

 The vertical communication modules use the same type of formwork as the habitable modules, but adapted to the variations that these have in their geometry in order to be able to place the flights of stairs, in the stair module, and the machinery of the elevator and other installations in the elevator module.

 The buildings developed are the result of the combination of industrialized modules. Its weight and measurements allow transport through conventional means.

REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) Facade

 Each housing module consists of two parts, "base" (Figure 1) and "drawer" (Figure 3) rigidly joined (6.1) guaranteeing the length of overlap of the reinforcements of each part (1 .2).

 The facade enclosure consists of an inner concrete sheet (3.6) that is obtained from the mold of the "drawer" (Figure 3). Inside the module, an optimal final finishing surface is obtained on which it would only be necessary to paint, in case of not wanting to leave the concrete seen. On the outside it acts as a support base for the thermal insulation (6.4) necessary to reach the values required by applicable regulations and for an exterior coating (6.5) that can vary according to the final image that is wanted to be given to the assembly, phenolic panels, Aluminum, ceramic, precast concrete, curtain walls,

 Each module that receives abroad has its facade enclosure according to the design established in the building project.

Covered

 They are composed of "base" pieces (Figure 1) exactly the same as those of the housing modules, coinciding in their measurements with the lower modules.

 At the points where it coincides with the downpipes, holes (8.3) are provided to connect directly to the general network. In this way it is not necessary to drill the bases and avoid possible water seepage.

 The system allows to have different types of roof, from the simple roof, to be used as a service area or facilities, to the landscaped roof with cistern, through the wooden finished roof for the terraces of the houses.

6.- INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION The uses and applications of the modular construction system presented are derived from the previous sections.

REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26)

Claims

7.- CLAIMS 1 .- Construction system of prefabricated reinforced concrete parts characterized in that it comprises:  - Housing module (6.1) comprising  • A "base" or floor of the reinforced concrete module comprising:  A slab of reinforced concrete (1 .1)  Four reinforced concrete "walls" (1 .3) located on the sides of the slab (1 .1) Four corners embedded in the base of the "walls" (1 .4) Armatures waiting to overlap with the drawer reinforcements (1 .2) so that a rigid and resistant module is constituted with both parts (base + drawer). • A "drawer" or roof and walls of the reinforced concrete module comprising:  A slab of reinforced concrete (3.1)  Four vertical concrete walls that make up a rectangular rectangular parallelepiped and incorporate holes (3.6)  Four pillars with reinforced concrete "L" section (3.4)  Four corners embedded in the head of the pillars (3.5) A closet for the passage of facilities (6.3)  Neoprene bands on pillar head and between modules (6.2)  Thermal insulation on drawer walls in contact with outer space. (6.4) • Variable facade exterior cladding. (6.5)  Reinforced concrete corridor slab (5.1) supported on the base of the adjacent housing modules.  - Cover module, which includes  • A "base" or reinforced concrete module floor  • Cover peaks that delimit the module (8.1).  • Binding of bibs between adjacent modules (8.4).  - Connection pieces between modules comprising  • Positioning parts (7.1)  • Anchorage parts (7.2)  - Vertical communication modules, ladder and elevator comprising  • A "base" or floor of the module (9.1 for the stairs and 10.1 for the elevator) • A "drawer" or ceiling and walls of the module (9.2 for the stairs and 10.2 for the elevator) 2 - The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the reinforced concrete slab of the base (1 .1) comprises, in all its perimeter, vertical stand-by reinforcements (1 .2) to overlap with the reinforcement of the pillars and walls of the drawer and thus constitute a rigid union. In this way a high-strength monolithic structure module is obtained with the capacity to be stacked (6.1) and thus constitute complete buildings.  3. The construction system of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the walls that delimit the slab by its lower face (1 .3), in its upper part, are flush with the upper face of the base slab (1 .one). REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) 4. The constructive system of claims 1 -3, characterized in that the walls (1 .3), in their lower part, are inclined with respect to the lower face of the base slab (1 .1) in order to create a technical chamber, between the slab of the base of a module (1 .1) and the slab of the drawer (3.1) of the lower module, through which to lift the installations of each module and incorporate the necessary insulations. 5. The construction system of claims 1 -4, characterized in that the walls located on the longer sides of the base (1 .3) have a recess (1 .6) that allows the installation of a module to the adjacent , joining all the modules of the same house.  6. - The construction system of claims 1 -5, characterized in that the walls (1 .3) located on the smaller sides of the slab, have two cast steel corners (1 .4) embedded in its lower face, arranged form that guarantees its manipulation and transport by standardized means. 7. - The construction system of claims 1-6, characterized in that the corners (1 .4) are arranged so that the rectangle formed by joining the four corners measures exactly 6,058 x 2,438 m., Coinciding with the position of the corners. corners in the sea containers.  8. - The construction system of claim 1-7, characterized in that the base corner (1 .4) has 4 round corrugated steel (2.1), one in each corner of the corner, which is embedded in the mortar of concrete of the base (1 .3), guarantee that it cannot be torn off due to the efforts that it must endure during the handling of the module in the construction phase and during the useful life of the building.  9. - The construction system of claims 1-8, characterized in that, attached to one of the smaller sides of the base, it comprises:  Two primary longitudinal beams (5.3) located at each end of one of the smaller sides of the base.  A plurality of secondary longitudinal beams (5.4), arranged between the primary longitudinal beams (5.3), parallel to these.  A transverse beam (5.5).  10. - The construction system of claim 1-9, characterized in that the primary longitudinal beams (5.3) are extensions of the major sides of the base and its edge is equal to the height of the walls (1 .3) plus the thickness of the base slab (1 .1)  eleven . - The construction system of claims 1 -10, characterized in that the ends of the transverse beam (5.5) rest on the primary longitudinal beams (5.3), so that the lower faces of both beams are aligned (primary longitudinal (5.3) and transverse (5.5)), and its height is equal to the height of the walls (1 .3), allowing the support of the corridor slab (5.1).  12. - The construction system of claims 1 -1 1, characterized in that the secondary longitudinal beams (5.4) are arranged perpendicular to the transverse beam (5.5), creating a series of holes (1 .5) through which, later, the general facilities of the building will run and its height is equal to the height of the base walls (1 .3).  13. - The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the reinforced concrete slab of the drawer (3.1) has two gaps (3.2) that allow to record the technical chamber that is generated by supporting the base of a module on the module drawer lower. 14. The construction system of claim 13, characterized in that the reinforced concrete slab of the drawer (3.1) has a series of recesses (3.3) that serve as a guide to link the facilities REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) supported on the drawer with the general facilities that run through the holes provided in the base of the module (1 .5).  15. - The construction system of claims 13-14, characterized in that the pillars with "L" section (3.4) of the drawer, in its upper part, are flush with the upper face of the slab of the drawer (3.1).  16. - The construction system of claims 13-16, characterized in that each of the "L" section pillars of the drawer (3.4) has a cast steel canton (3.5) embedded in its upper face, arranged so that its handling and transport is guaranteed by standardized means. 17. - The construction system of claim 13-16, characterized in that the corners (3.5) are arranged on the smaller sides of the drawer, flush with the inner face of the "L" pillars (3.4), so that the rectangle formed by joining the four corners is exactly 6Ό58 x 2 ^' 438 m., coinciding with the position of the corners in the sea containers.  18. - The construction system of claim 13-17, characterized in that the corner of the drawer (3.5) is welded with 2 steel plates (4.5) to which 4 round corrugated steel (4.1) are welded, two times plate (4.5) and tied together by corrugated steel stirrups (4.2), which embedded in the concrete pillar of the drawer (3.4), guarantee that it cannot be torn off due to the efforts it must endure during the handling of the module in phase of construction and during the useful life of the building.  19. - The construction system of claim 13-18, characterized in that the longer sides of the drawer, between the "L" pillars (3.4), have reinforced concrete walls (3.6), of smaller thickness than the pillars in L (3.4), aligned with these by its inner face, so that between adjacent modules (6.1) cameras are created to accommodate the necessary acoustic and thermal insulation.  20. - The construction system of claim 13-19, characterized in that the sides of greater length of the drawer have a beam (3.7) of the same thickness as the pillars (3.4) and edge greater than that of the slab of the drawer (3.1 ) which gives rigidity to the assembly against the stresses caused during the handling and transport of the modules.  twenty-one . - The construction system of claim 13-20, characterized in that the shorter sides of the drawer, between the "L" pillars (3.4), have reinforced concrete walls (3.6), of smaller thickness than the "L" pillars "(3.4), aligned with these by its outer face, acting as the inner sheet of the outer enclosure and the mediatrix between the housing module (6.1) and the corridor (5.1), in addition to supporting thermal and acoustic insulation ( 6.4) of both enclosures and the final coating (6.5).  22. - The construction system of claims 1 -21, characterized in that the stand-by reinforcements of the base (1 .2) overlap with the reinforcement of the pillars (3.4) and drawer walls (3.6) so that, at concreting it, is monolithically attached to the base, both elements constituting a single piece (6.1) with sufficient rigidity to absorb the stresses to which it will be subjected during its manufacture and useful life.  23. - The construction system of claims 1 -22, characterized in that the L-pillars (3.4), in its upper part and on the sides comprise neoprene bands (6.2) that ensure correct support and leveling with both modules upper as with the sides, avoiding direct contact between concretes of different pieces REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) 24. - The construction system of claims 1 -23, characterized in that the outer enclosure comprises an outer cladding (6.5), fastened by metal substructure to the reinforced concrete wall (3.6), which acts as the inner sheet of the enclosure. The outer coating may vary depending on the type of material chosen. Between the outer lining (6.5) and the concrete wall (3.6) the necessary thermal insulation (6.4) is placed.  25. - The construction system of claims 1-24, characterized in that the corridor slab (5.1) has grooves in its corners (5.2) that allow it to rest on the cross beam of the base of the module (5.5), coupling between the two primary longitudinal beams of the module base (5.3) 26. The construction system of claim 25, characterized in that the thickness of the corridor slab (5.1) coincides with the thickness of the slab of the base of the module (1 .1), so that the upper face of both slabs they remain at the same level, eliminating unevenness between the corridor (5.1) and the housing module (6.1).  27. - The construction system of claims 25-26, characterized in that it comprises neoprene bands on the cross beam of the base (5.5), which ensures the correct support and leveling of the corridor slab (5.1) on the housing modules (6.1)  28. - The construction system of claims 1 -27, characterized in that it comprises a technical cabinet (6.3) that protects the installations located in the gaps (1 .5) between the primary longitudinal beams (5.3), secondary beams (5.4) and beam transverse (5.5) of the base of the slab. All installation holes (1 .5) are recordable from the corridor (5.1).  29. - The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the positioning pieces (7.1) comprise a cast steel plate (7.1 .1) and four cast steel cones (7.1 .2), welded to the plate (7.1. 1) on both sides, two by two.  30. - The construction system of claims 1 -29, characterized in that the base corner (1 .4) has a hole in its lower face (2.3) where one of the cones (7.1 .2) of the piece is introduced of positioning (7.1) welded on the upper face of the steel plate (7.1 .1), avoiding horizontal displacements between adjacent modules (6.1).  31. - The construction system of claims 1 -30, characterized in that the corner of the drawer (3.5) has a hole in its upper face (4.3) where one of the cones (7.1 .2) of the positioning piece (7.1) is introduced. welded on the underside of the steel plate (7.1 .1), avoiding horizontal displacements between adjacent modules (6.1).  32. - The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring parts (7.2) comprise a tie rod (7.2.3), two tensioners (7.2.2) located at each end of the tie rod and the tensioner joining parts with the corners of the modules (7.2.1) 33.- The construction system of claims 1 -32, characterized in that the base corner (1 .4) has a hole in its front side face (2.2) where the connecting piece between the tensioner and the corner (7.2.1) that is part of the anchoring piece (7.2) is introduced, avoiding vertical displacements between modules of the same building and giving unity to the whole set that constitutes the building. REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) 34. The construction system of claims 1 -33, characterized in that the corner of the drawer (3.5) has a hole in its front side face (4.4) where the connecting piece between the tensioner and the corner is introduced (7.2.1 ) that is part of the anchoring piece (7.2), avoiding vertical displacements between modules of the same building. 35. The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the cover module comprises a reinforced concrete breastplate (8.1) that is located throughout the perimeter of the base and joins it with the overlap of the breastplate reinforcements and of the standby reinforcements of the base (1 .2).  36. - The construction system of claim 35, characterized in that the breastplates of the smaller sides of the roof modules (8.1) have two cast steel roof corners (8.2) embedded in its upper face, arranged so as to guarantee its handling and transport by conventional means.  37. - The construction system of claims 35-36, characterized in that the cover corners (8.2) are arranged so that the rectangle formed by joining the four corners measures exactly 6,058 x 2,438 m., Coinciding with the position of the corners in sea containers, so that it can be transported, hoisted and handled by conventional means.  38. - The construction system of claims 35-37, characterized in that the cover module comprises a circular hole (8.3) in the breastplate (8.1) adjacent to the installation holes (1 .5) to connect each cover module with the stormwater drainage network.  39. - The construction system of claims 35-38, characterized in that the cover module comprises end pieces (8.4) on the side walls (8.1) which ensures the seal of the joint between cover modules.  40. - The construction system of claims 35-39, characterized in that each roof module comprises slope concrete, waterproofing, thermal insulation, and finishing layer, which will depend on the final solution chosen (gravel finish, passable roof with flooring or wood, ...)  41. - The construction system of any one of claims 1-39, characterized in that, in addition, the housing modules (6.1) comprise internal partitions (1 1 .2) for configuring a housing distribution.  42. - The construction system of claims 1 -41, characterized in that the housing modules (6.1) further comprise internal profiles (1 1 .1) embedded in module-module connection opening frames (1 1 .3) act Like flashing  43. - The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the vertical connection module, ladder, comprises a rectangular rectangular parallelepiped formed by a base (9.1), a drawer (9.2) and the prefabricated concrete stair stringers (9.3) . 44. The construction system of claim 43, characterized in that the base (9.1) has a transverse beam (9.4) that delimits the stairwell and allows the support of the prefabricated staircase stringers (9.3).  45. The construction system of claims 43-44, characterized in that the transverse beam (9.4) has a height equal to the height of the base (9.1) minus the thickness of the base slab, moving with respect to the latter towards the stairwell, in order to create a support area for the stair stringers (9.3). REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26) 46. - The construction system of claim 43-45, characterized in that the reinforced concrete slab of the base of the ladder module (9.1) comprises, in all its perimeter, vertical reinforcement waiting to overlap with the reinforcement of the pillars and walls of the drawer (9.2) and thus constitute a rigid union. In this way, a high-strength monolithic structure module with the capacity to be stacked and thus constitute complete buildings is obtained.  47. - The construction system of claim 43-46, characterized in that the drawer of the ladder module (9.2) has a hole (9.6) that coincides with that of the base (9.7) and allows the installation of the prefabricated ladder stringers. (9.3).  48. - The construction system of claim 43-47, characterized in that the drawer of the ladder module (9.2) has a transverse beam (9.5) located mid-height on the shorter side of the drawer (9.2) adjacent to the hollow (9.6) which serves as intermediate support for the prefabricated stair stringers (9.3).  49. - The construction system of claims 43-48, characterized in that the shorter wall of the drawer of the ladder module (9.2), under the transverse beam (9.5) supporting the stair stringers (9.3), has a hole (9.8), in order to guarantee the lighting and ventilation of the stairs.  50. - The construction system of claim 43-49, characterized in that it comprises neoprene bands in the transverse beam of the base (9.4) of the ladder module and in the transverse beam of the drawer (9.5) of the ladder module, with in order to guarantee the correct support and leveling of the stair stringers (9.3).  51. - The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the vertical connection module, elevator, comprises a rectangular rectangular parallelepiped formed by a base (10.1) and a concrete drawer (10.2).  52. - The construction system of claim 51, characterized in that the base slab (10.1) has two holes (10.4) where the elevator and the forced ventilation ducts of the garage and premises will be installed.  53. - The construction system of claims 51 -52, characterized in that the reinforced concrete slab of the base of the elevator module (10.1) comprises, in its entire perimeter, vertical stand-by reinforcements (1 .2) to overlap with the armed with the pillars and walls of the drawer (10.2) and thus constitute a rigid union. In this way, a high-strength monolithic structure module with the capacity to be stacked and thus constitute complete buildings is obtained.  54. - The construction system of claims 51-53, characterized in that the slab of the elevator module drawer can have two gaps (10.3), which coincide in size and position with those of the base of the elevator module (10.4). 55.- The construction system of claims 1-54, characterized in that it comprises a series of habitable modules (6.1) whose combination results in different types of housing. 56.- The construction system of claims 1 -55, characterized in that the different types of blocks, linear, tower are obtained from the union of the different types of housing according to claim 55, and from the vertical stair and elevator communication modules. , in closed apple, ... REPLACEMENT SHEET (Rule 26)