WO2013013961A1 - Round sling for raising loads - Google Patents

Abstract

A round sling for raising loads, having an inner nonwoven fabric (2) formed from fibres (2'), and having a sheath (3) which accommodates the inner nonwoven fabric (2) and is formed from a woven fabric. In order for it to be possible to produce such a round sling with improved use properties using weaving technology, the sheath (3) is formed by a woven-fabric tube which butts closely and, as seen in the transverse direction (Q), elastically against the inner nonwoven fabric (2) presses elastically onto the inner nonwoven fabric (2) from a radial direction (R) and has warped threads (4), which are oriented in the direction of the longitudinal course (L) taken by the round sling (1), and a weft thread (5), which is oriented transversely to the longitudinal course (L) taken by the round sling (1).

Description

 Round sling for lifting loads

The invention relates to a round sling for lifting loads, with a Innengelege formed from fibers and a Innengelege receiving, formed from a fabric envelope.

Round slings of this type are used for lifting loads. For this purpose, first the load to be lifted is placed in the loop opening of the round sling and then hung the round sling on the hook of a crane or a comparable lifting device.

A round sling usually consists of a Las carrying, loosely wound yarn package - the Innengelege and the envelope. On the one hand, the covering protects the inner loop of the round sling from damage due to wear and cutting loads and, on the other hand, bundles the many strands of the inner lining into a single, manageable strand.

There are various possibilities for the production of conventional round slings. A widespread practice has found in practice, for example, from DE 37 03 547 AI described manufacturing process, in which a woven tube prefabricated and compressed in its longitudinal direction at a Round sling machine is positioned. During subsequent winding, the individual yarn packages of the inner layer are retracted into the tube until a

sufficient strength of the inner lining is achieved. The loop thus obtained is removed from the machine. Then the ends of the tube are firmly sewn together. Subsequently, the finishing takes place.

Prerequisite for the above

Production method is a large aspect ratio of cladding to scrim. This is the only way to increase the envelope and create the winding of the inner lining with the required reliability. The necessary large cross section of the envelope has the consequence that the finished round sling a relatively flat

Has cross-sectional shape and the Innengelege

is guided relatively loose in the enclosure.

Alternatively, the protective cover of a round sling can also be made of a woven band. For this purpose, the Garngelege is first manufactured and by

helical wrapping with an adhesive tape or by using an elastic network for the

Further processing fixed. Subsequently, the

Garngelege with a woven tape tightly sheathed. The lateral, then superimposed edges of the tape are finally sewn over the entire circumference of the loop. In this way, a loop with a compact circular cross-section can be produced. In this method of manufacture, however, a lateral stiffening by suturing as well as a protruding bead must be accepted. Since a round sling inevitably describes radii, the fabric of a flat envelope at their respective sides associated with the round sling opening inevitably forms wrinkles. These folds cause increased wear, since the envelope in the area of the folds of a higher

Abrasion is exposed as in their exterior

lying, usually not folded area where no abrasion occurs. Furthermore, the wrinkling leads to a weakening of the maximum tensile strength of the roundsling, because the resulting thickening negatively affect the flow of force in the load-bearing inner layer. To make matters worse, that the individual yarns of relatively loosely lying in the protective cover

Internal layers can move against each other, with the result that the yarns of the fabric are loaded unevenly overall. Also makes the loose structure of the

Round sling and the generously dimensioned shell in relation to the diameter occupied by the inner scrim due to the quasi-surplus casing material

Handling, since the loop flexurally soft or flaccid and as such, for example, only below

Difficulties can be placed over a hook or a similar projection.

Improved performance characteristics and an increased life due to significantly reduced susceptibility to wear have round slings whose envelope is designed as a hollow braid. Such a round sling is described for example in DE 10 2006 052 279 AI. In round slings of this type is known from the field of conventional Kernmantelseile itself

Possibility used an internal yarn core through to surround a braided shell. The hollow braid can be braided directly around the Innengelege around. Alternatively, it can be prefabricated to then be filled with the Innengelege. The prerequisite for this, however, is that a corresponding braiding machine is available.

Against this background, the object of the invention to provide a round sling, which was

weaving and improved

Has use properties.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a

Claim 1 trained round sling has been solved.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims and are explained below as the general inventive concept in detail.

In a round sling according to the invention for lifting loads which comprises an inner scrim formed from fibers and an inner cladding formed from a woven fabric, the cladding is elastically deformed from the radial direction to the inner scrim by a dense and transversely resiliently adjacent inner scrim pressing fabric hose with in the direction of

Longitudinal course of the round sling aligned

formed inelastic warp threads and an aligned transversely to the longitudinal course of the round sling elastic weft.

In a round sling according to the invention, therefore, the fibers of the inner layer are woven by a woven, transverse elastic wrap applied elastic forces held close to each other. The elasticity of the envelope is so on the Innengelege

Adjusted cross-section adapted that the envelope exerts a sufficient for the firm cohesion of the inner lining pressure from the radial direction on the Innengelege even with unloaded round sling.

The invention thus utilizes a type of cross-elastic woven tube available in the prior art

formed fabric to form a roundsling, in which the risk that form undesirable wrinkles, especially in the region of the inside of the Schiingenöffnungen, due to the inherent elasticity of their envelope is reduced to a minimum.

The latter applies even if the round sling is guided around an object in very narrow radii. This situation is present when the round sling for lifting a load on a crane hook hangs. The compliance of the envelope in the transverse direction also ensures here that the compressed material in the narrow curved area can escape laterally, so that no major folds arise. If there is a sideways movement of the fibers of the inner layer as a result of the loads, the elastic sheath tube compensates easily for the associated change in cross-section.

Due to the fact that in an inventive

Round sling between the Innengelege and the

respective load-bearing load-carrying means,

for example, the respective crane hook, only one in Substantially lying lying situation of the covering exists, is ensured beyond that the

The load to be taken on each of the transported goods to be transported is optimally transmitted to the load-bearing fibers of the inner layer.

Through the uninterrupted, close to the clutch

adjacent envelope handling of round slings is improved overall, since the flexural rigidity is significantly increased. As a result, the invention provides such a round sling, which is characterized by a

optimized compactness and concomitantly optimal handling, in which the wrinkling is minimized even under unfavorable conditions of use, in which the efficiency of the material used,

in particular of the inner fabric, is increased and in which the susceptibility to wear of the hose is minimized in the first place also due to the minimized wrinkling.

The inventively provided transversely elastic sheath can be prepared in a known manner on a needle loom or other suitable for producing a tubular fabric machine.

The extensibility of the casing according to the invention is generally to be selected by selecting a suitably elastic weft yarn so that the casing already exerts in the unloaded state from the radial direction restoring forces on the Innengelege sufficient to compress the fibers of the inner fabric into a solid bundle. In practice, this can reliably ensure thereby be that with unloaded round sling the

Circumference of the envelope is on average at least 1.2 times the circumferential length, which has the envelope in the relaxed state. In this case, the

Enclosure thus by the tightly surrounding the inner layer held in it, stretched so far that its circumferential length is on average at least 1.2 times greater than its mean circumferential length in the empty, i. not yet filled with the inner layer and completely relaxed state. A particularly secure effect of the present invention transversely elastic wrapper results in this case when unloaded round sling the

Circumference of the envelope is at least 1.3 times to 1.4 times the circumferential length, which has the envelope in the relaxed, empty state.

The inventively provided Rundschlingenschlauch is thus in a position possible due to its construction according to the invention, the possible by a force application

To allow deformation of the Garngeleges by means of cross-sectional adaptation and thereby its functionality

maintain. After relieving the round sling, the original round cross section immediately returns.

The production of a round sling according to the invention can be effected in a conventional manner by first drawing up and compressing the elastic covering onto a tube. As a result of the transverse elasticity, the hose diameter expands and adapts to the

Pipe diameter. Subsequently, the clutch is in a known manner through the tube and, consequently, the pushed on it held elastic sheath. When the scrim is fully inserted, the wrapper is withdrawn from the tube and stretched so that it is evenly distributed over the length of the inner scrim. At the same time, the wrapping opens up on its own

Transverse elasticity together until it is close to the Innengelege and its fibers into a dense bundle

compresses. In order to ensure the expansion capacity of the sheath required for expansion, the limit to which the sheath may be transversely stretched in the elastic region should be at least 1.8 times the circumference of the sheath in the relaxed state. That way is

ensures that the expansion required in practice for the insertion of the inner lining can be easily achieved by 1.7 times the circumference.

To the required extensibility of the envelope too

ensure you have in practical trials

Weft threads proven, whose length is elastic

Stretch the range by 1.8 to 2.5 times.

Such extensibility, for example

Weft threads on, made of one with polyester fibers

braided elastane fiber consist. The polyester threads can be processed as desired in raw white or spun-dyed. For the inventive

Transverse elasticity of the sheath essential properties, such. The elasticity and the restoring force with which the fabric presses against the inner layer surrounded by it can be improved by the manufacture of the yarn

to be influenced. In particular, the Elongation of the weft yarn determined by the spinning process and so the respective to the used

Envelope according to the invention requirements

be adjusted.

Alternatively, the weft thread of the roundsling can also be spun from an elastic fiber

High performance fiber exist. In this case, the required elasticity of the weft thread is ensured by the elastic fiber, while the

High-performance fiber provides optimum protection of the inner lining against cutting damage or the like. The high performance fiber may be a sufficiently thin synthetic liquid crystal polymer fiber, such as known in the marketplace under the name "Vectran". As an elastic fiber, however, an elastane fiber comes into question.

The warp threads present in an envelope used according to the invention serve primarily to protect the inner lining against damage from rubbing or cutting loads from the outside. To ensure this, they will consist at least in part of a solid, inelastic fiber. This has the additional advantage that the envelope is optimally dimensionally stable, so that not only in the transverse direction, but also in the direction of the longitudinal course of the round sling, a tight contact with the inner layer is ensured. Accordingly, a practice-oriented embodiment of the invention provides that at least one of the warp threads is inelastic, wherein typically all the warp threads of the wrapper consist of an inelastic material. A maximized protection against frictional wear and wanton or accidental cutting damage can be achieved in that at least one warp thread of the sheath consists of a high-performance fiber. Again, the high performance fiber may be synthetic

Liquid crystal polymer fiber act like it

For example, under the name "Vectran" is available on the market.

The invention is based on

Embodiments explained in more detail. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a finished round sling in

 Top view ;

Fig. 2, the round sling in the unloaded state in one

 Cross-section along the section line X-X shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3, the round sling in the loaded state in one

 Cross-section along the section line X-X shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 4 shows a detail of a round sling according to

 Fig. 1 used enclosure during its production in an enlarged view;

Fig. 5 shows the structure of a for the production of the envelope of

Round sling used loom in a schematic representation. The round sling 1 has a high-strength

Fiber strand formed Innengelege 2, which is surrounded by a woven, tubular elastic sheath 3 tight.

The sheath 3 formed as tubular fabric is formed of inelastic, solid warp threads 4, which are aligned in the direction of the longitudinal course L of the roundsling 1, and an elastic weft thread 5 oriented transversely thereto, which consists of an elastane fiber wound, for example, with polyester fibers. At least one set of warp yarns 4, such as every other warp yarn 4, may be made of a high performance fiber such as Kevlar or the like. Of course, this includes the possibility that all warp threads 4 are made of such a high strength, high strength fiber.

In the state shown in FIG. 2, the circumferential length UL of the circumference 6 of the sheath is about 1.3 times the circumferential length UL ¹ indicated by the broken line in FIG. 2, which has the sheath 3 in the fully unloaded, empty state she is not yet filled with the inner layer 2. As a result of its 1.3-fold widening exerts the casing 3 already in finished manufactured, but unloaded state of the roundsling 1 due to their own in the transverse direction Q elasticity and the associated elastic restoring forces acting from a radial direction R, as far as possible

evenly around the circumference 6 of the round sling 1 distributed compressive force P on the inner layer 2, through which the Fibers 2 ^! of the inner layer 2 are held close to each other in a compact bundle.

In the event that the round sling 1 is placed for lifting a load, not shown here, via a crane hook 7, which is only indicated here, the fibers 2 'of the

Inside 2 in a row on them in vertical

Direction in consequence of the weight forces G load in the transverse direction Q pressed apart. At least in

Support area 8 of the hook 7 receives the round sling 1 in this way a flattened, elongated

Cross-sectional shape.

This change in shape follows the envelope 3 due to their own transverse elasticity, so that the envelope 3 is tight and substantially wrinkle-free on the inner layer 2 of the round sling 1 even under load in the support area 8 of the hook 7. As a result, on the one hand the outgoing of the load to be lifted weight forces optimally evenly distributed on the fibers 2 'of the inner lining 2, so that the load capacity of each fiber 2' equally effective for the overall load capacity of

Round sling 1 contributes. On the other hand, the risk of excessive wear of the envelope 3 is minimized because wrinkling is largely reduced and thus in the edition area 8 and no friction and

Scrubbing movements between each other

Sections of the enclosure 3 may occur.

At the same time, the fixed warp threads 4 of the

Serving 3 tube fabric making an optimal

Strength of the envelope 3 in the longitudinal course L corresponding main load direction sure.

Accordingly, the sheath 3 without the risk of excessive wear in the direction of the longitudinal course L successful shift in the opening of the hook 7 or bear the good to be lifted. In particular, the existing of high-performance fibers warp 4 offer optimal protection against wanton or random

Damage caused by cuts.

In the production of the sheath 3, the elastic weft thread 5 is introduced into the tissue as tension-free as possible. In order to achieve this, the edges K1, K2 of the fabric on which the weft thread 5 is deflected are defined by a respective wire 9, 10. The wires 9,10 are, after the respective edge portion is made, pulled from the continuously further promoted finished part of the enclosure 3, so that the respective finished section moved on unhindered and the further processing can be supplied.

In Fig. 4 the course of the wires 9,10 is schematically represented by a weaving machine usable for the production of the wrapping up to a wrapping 3 obtained as a tubular fabric. By attaching the respective wire 9,10 behind the arranged at the entrance of the machine shafts 11 you can leave the respective wire 9,10 in the tissue arbitrarily. In FIG. 4, the position of the respective end 12, 13 of the wires 9, 10 relative to the conveying direction F is identified by "14". Here, each finished enclosure 3 is subtracted from the wires 9,10. The wires 9, 10 are controlled by special strands 15, of which, for example, the first two guide the wires 9, 10 in order to lift or lower them in accordance with the weave of the fabric. This is necessary so that the respective wire 9,10 - as well as the warp threads 4 - the front compartment for the entry of the weft thread 5 can mitbild.

Next run the wires 9,10 in Vorderriet 16 in the thread following next Rietstich each edge K1, K2 and then end in the tissue path arbitrarily before the first deflection point 17 of the finished enclosure. 3

In this way, the fabric is always pulled in the direction F of the wires 9,10 at the position 14 after the edge has been formed.

To optimize when entering the elastomeric weft thread 5 in the tissue, the voltage difference between the loose state before weaving, the acute increase in tension during weft insertion and the desired tension ratio in the tissue, the weft 5 with the least possible and constant tension in the shed

brought in. The feeding of the weft thread 5 to the weft needle is by means of an auxiliary device

realized, depending on the needed

Weft length provides the weft 5 is available. The wires 9, 10 consisting of plastic or metal ensure that, despite the stress peaks that can not be avoided during weft insertion, the deflection of the weft thread 5 is also in the region of the edges K1, K2 in FIG

Web process is done so that the required Uniformity of tissue also in this area

is guaranteed.

To insert the inner layer 2 is the finished

Enclosure 3 pushed onto a cross-sectionally U-shaped guide rail, not shown here. She is strongly compressed. In consequence of the pushing and

Aufstauchens widens the circumferential length UL of the envelope 3 by about 1.5 times the circumferential length UL ', so that then the together the Innengelege 2 of

Round loop 1 forming fiber strands 2 'can be easily inserted into the enclosure 3 in a conventional manner. The guide rail not only holds the envelope 3 in a defined position, but also ensures that the fiber strands 2 'of the inner layer 2 take their proper position.

After the inner cover 2 is inserted into the sheath 3, the guide rail is pulled out of the sheath 3 and the sheath 3 along the inner layer 2 in the length until the ends 18,18 'of the sheath 3 in a connection zone 19 abut or overlap each other and can be firmly connected.

Due to their transverse elasticity, the wrapper 3 pulls together when de-dusting in the transverse direction Q, so that the wrapper 3 automatically close to the

Innengelege 2 applies. In this state is one

Residual expansion of the enclosure 3 of about 1.3 to 1.4 times compared to their unfilled state available.

By using a cross-elastic

Protective tube with simultaneous length stability thus creates a very compact round sling with approximately unloaded in the cross section. The processing of high-performance fibers as warp threads 4 allows an optimization of the abrasion resistance of the protective tube and maximum protection against

Damage from outside. The flexibility of the envelope 3 prevents wrinkling even with narrow radii. Furthermore, damage to the round sling 1 is counteracted during deformation of the inner layer 2 in the crane hook 7 during the lifting process. The under load

required space requirement of the inner layer 2 is provided by the elastic compliance of the sheath 3 in the transverse direction Q. For this purpose, the tubular fabric is the

Enclosure designed so that a widening of the

Envelopesumfangs 6 up to 1.7 times compared to the original circumferential length UL 'is possible.

The round sling 1 is thus able to easily compensate for the possible deformation of the inner lining 2 by means of cross-sectional adaptation by means of a force introduction and to maintain their functionality. After relieving the round sling 1, the original round cross-section immediately returns.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 round sling

 2 inner layers

 2 'fibers of the inner layer 2

 3 serving

 4 strong warp threads

 5 elastic weft

 6 circumference of the envelope 3 of the roundsling 1

 7 crane hooks

 8 contact area of the hook 7

9,10 wires

 11 shafts

 12,13 ends of the wires 9,10

 14 position of the ends 12,13

 15 strands

 16 Vorderriet

 17 deflection point

 18,18 'ends of the casing 3

 19 connection zone

F conveying direction

 G weight forces

 K1, K2 edges of the cladding fabric 3

 L Longitudinal course of the roundsling 1

 P pressure force

 Q transverse direction

 R radial direction

 UL circumferential length of the circumference 6

 UL 'circumferential length, which has the sheath 3 in completely unloaded, empty condition

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R U C H E Round sling for lifting loads, with an inner fabric (2) formed from fibers (2') and an inner fabric (2) receiving covering (3) formed from a fabric, d a d u r c h g e k e n n s e i c h n e t, that s the wrapping (3) through a tight and elastic contact with the inner fabric (2) in the transverse direction (Q) and elastic from the radial direction (R). Internal scrim (2) pressing fabric tube with warp threads aligned in the direction of the longitudinal course (L) of the round loop (1). (4) and a weft thread aligned transversely to the longitudinal course (L) of the round sling (1). (5) is formed. Round sling according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n s e i c h n e t, that s at unloaded round sling (1) which runs across the Longitudinal course (L) of the round sling (1) measured circumferential length (UL) of the covering (3) is on average at least 1.2 times the circumferential length (UL ') that the covering (3) has in the relaxed state condition. Round sling according to claim 2, thereby g e k e n n s e i c h n e t, that s at unloaded round sling (1), the circumferential length (UL) of the covering (3) is at least 1.3 times to 1.4 times the circumferential length (UL'), which is the Covering (3) in the relaxed state. Round sling according to one of the above Claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n e t, that is the maximum permissible expansion of the circumference (6) the casing (3) corresponds to at least 1.8 times the circumference that the casing (3) has in the relaxed state. Round sling according to one of the above Claims, d a d u r c h This means that the length of the weft thread (5) can be stretched by 1.8 to 2.5 times in the elastic range. Round sling according to one of the above Claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n s e i c h n e t, that s the Weft thread (5) consists of an elastane fiber covered with polyester fibers. 7. Round sling according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the weft thread (5) consists of a high-performance fiber spun with an elastic fiber. 8. Round sling according to claim 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n s e i c h n e t, that s the High-performance synthetic fiber Liquid crystal polymer fiber is . 9. Round sling according to claim 7 and 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, that s the elastic fiber is an elastane fiber. 10. Round sling according to one of the above Claims, d a d u r c h This means that at least one of the warp threads (4) is inelastic. 11. Round sling according to claim 10, d a d u r c h There is a sign that at least one warp thread (4) of the covering (3) is made of one High-performance fiber consists. Round sling according to one of the above Claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n s e i c h n e t, that s the Weft thread (5) or at least one of the warp threads (4) are colored.