WO2013011167A1 - System for the forced evaporation of liquid waste by means of low-pressure dynamic vibration nebulisation using a solar stirling motor as a power source - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention, represented in Figure 1, relates to a system for the forced evaporation of liquid waste, based on the nebulisation of the effluent to be evaporated inside a chamber (1) in which dry air and heat are applied. The system also includes a fan (2) which generates a forced flow of air, which hot air can come from the exterior or be obtained by means of heating inside the system using a heat exchanger or an electric heating resistor (3). In order to obtain microscopic drops and, consequently, a large contact surface in the air/liquid interface, instead of using evaporation meshes that become clogged and less efficient over time, the invention comprises the use of a set of dynamic vibration nebulisers (4) which operate at low pressure and which receive effluent after it has undergone undemanding filtering and been blown in. Inside the chamber, the air/liquid mixture undergoes a quasi-adiabatic process in which, by means of a sensible to latent heat exchange, the air is cooled and the liquid is evaporated in a highly efficient manner. The non-evaporated drops of liquid are collected in the lower part of the chamber (5). In order to prevent the emission of aerosols to the atmosphere, which can be dragged along by the forced flow of wet air, a drop separator (6) is used that is located at the outlet of the evaporation chamber. The conditions of the intake air are measured with a system of sensors (7), which can be used to alter the quantity of liquid to be circulated through the nebulisers and the speed of the fan in order to obtain maximum evaporation efficiency. A solar Stirling motor provides the necessary electricity and a fraction of heat to heat the intake air.

Description

 Title

 System of forced evaporation of liquid waste by low-pressure vibro-dynamic fogging using a Stirling solar motor as energy source

Object of the invention

 System of forced evaporation of liquid waste with vibro-dynamic nebulizers that require low liquid inlet pressure and filtration without great demands, being of special application in the field of the olive industry for the drying of lye or brine, or in the treatment of any other contaminating residual product, with high water content such as mining waste, from the chemical or agroindustrial industry. The system using a computer or similar remotely controllable, adapts its operation at all times depending on the conditions of the incoming air and the type of liquid to evaporate, to obtain maximum evaporation efficiency. The use of a Stirling solar motor as a preferred renewable energy source, allows to obtain electricity for the operation of the pump and electrical elements, in addition the heat coming from the cold focus of said motor serves to partially heat the inlet air.

State of the art

 To date, there are no patented industrial systems that meet for the same effect all the elements that make up this invention, the use of low-pressure vibro-dynamic nebulizers and low demands on filtering and preferred use being differentiating from this invention. of a Stirling solar engine as a source of energy.

 It is usual to locate inventions in which a forced air stream is used to apply directly on the liquid to evaporate, in other cases it is done on evaporation mesh and other times it is a matter of fogging in the open air with a simple spray, so The droplet size is very large and the evaporation process is ineffective.

Some examples that use forced evaporation in its various variants are:

P2024097_A6: Water evaporation system in reservoirs by means of wind energy. P2157798_B1: Module for the forced evaporation of liquids contained in rafts and the like.

 P2230937_A1: Device for evaporation and atmospheric condensation of aqueous media.

 P2187379_A1: System of integral treatment of liquid residues of olive dressing.

 P2021191_A6: Installation for the integral purification of the alpechin.

P2023726_A6: Cooling tower.

 P2025470_A6: Installation for seawater desalination.

P2085799_T3: Convection towers.

 P2190829_B1: Device for evaporation and atmospheric condensation of aqueous media.

 P2245851_B1: System of forced evaporation of alpechin or other liquid waste.

 P2328885_A1: Evaporating system for wastewater and similar by renewable energy.

 P2208112_B1: Drying process of "alperujo".

 P2110913_A1: Solar panels to desalinate seawater.

 P2296519_A1: Saline solar evaporator.

 P2323338_A1: Dual plant procedure with renewable energy for seawater desalination and obtaining electrical energy.

Description of the figures

Next, a figure that helps to better understand the invention and that is expressly related to an embodiment of said invention is presented very briefly, being presented as a non-limiting example of it, and based on which innovations will be more easily understood. and advantages of the evaporation system object of the invention.

Figure 1- It shows a general scheme of a preferred embodiment of the equipment that determines the system of the invention and that consists of an airtight box (1), a fan (2), an air heating system (3), a set of vibro-dynamic nebulizers (4), a concentrated liquid return outlet (5), an anti-aerosol drop separator (6) and a system for measuring the conditions of the intake air (7). Description of the invention

 The forced evaporation system that the invention proposes, effectively resolves the elimination of large amounts of waste, allowing the use of rafts or deposits of reduced surface area since there is a rapid evaporation of the water that forms part of these residues without The raft reaches the limit of its capacity.

 The system described based on vibro-dynamic nebulizers provides indisputable advantages: It does not require a high pressure impeller system, the effluent filtering is not critical, the pipes do not have to be high pressure since the same inside is low in Comparison with commercial high-pressure nebulization systems and finally the vibro-dynamic nebulizers are of less demanding materials, which lowers their price without suffering the inconveniences of evaporation meshes when treating this type of waste with suspended particles.

The system is environmentally friendly not only because it prevents the emission of aerosols, but also because it also uses solar energy from a Stirling engine.

Embodiment of the invention

 A preferred embodiment will be described according to Figure 1, for the case of the table olive industry by way of illustration and without limitation.

The liquid contained in the raft (brine and lye), is sucked through a pipe that has at its end a non-return valve and a filter for thick impurities. The suction pump in turn generates the necessary working pressure drive for vibro-dynamic nebulizers. Before entering the system described by the invention and which is isolated from the outside by an airtight box (1), filtering is done to ensure that no obstructions will occur in the nebulizers. The hot air driven by the fan (2) or optionally heated by the exchanger or the electric resistors (3), affects the liquid in the form of micro-drops from the vibro-dynamic nebulizers (4), which produces a heat transfer that produces a high efficiency evaporation. Liquid particles that have not evaporated due to being larger in size or waste, fall by gravity to the lower part of the tank, generating a return of concentrated liquid to the pool (5). The air stream is charged with a mixture of water vapor and drops of liquid in suspension, to prevent the latter from going outside as aerosols, a drop separator (6) is disposed at the evaporator outlet. To obtain maximum evaporation efficiency, the conditions of the inlet air (7) are measured in real time, these data are processed in a computer or similar remotely controllable and the pump and fan rotation speed is acted upon according to To the psychometric diagram and the nature of the effluent, look for the point of maximum efficiency at all times. The contribution of electrical energy and a part of the thermal energy for an eventual heating of the air is obtained by converting the solar energy into a Stirling motor.

Claims

Claims 1. - System of forced evaporation of liquid waste with vibro-dynamic nebulizers that require low liquid inlet pressure and filtering without large requirements described in a generic way in Figure 1, being of special application in the field of the olive industry for the drying of the bleach or brines, or in the treatment of any other contaminating residual product, with high water content such as mining waste, from the chemical or agroindustrial industry, characterized in that it is constituted by the functional combination of: a ) A sealed box where the nebulization and evaporation of the liquid effluent is carried out (1).  b) a fan that generates a forced stream of hot air that can come from a source of residual heat or renewable energy (2).  c) a heat exchanger or heating electric heater to eventually heat cold air (3).  d) a set of vibro-dynamic nebulizers that work at low pressure, with low filtering requirement, without loss of efficiency due to progressive sealing and easy replacement (4).  e) a sealed chamber with an outlet in its lower part to collect liquid drops that have not been evaporated (5).  f) a drop separator to prevent the emission of aerosols to the environment when being carried away by the forced current of humid air generated (6).  g) A sensor system that measures the air conditions at the inlet (7). 2- According to claim 1, characterized in that it is controlled by computer or the like in remote connection allowing modifying the operating parameters and quantifying the performance. 3. According to claim 1, characterized in that in its preferred description it employs a Stirling solar motor as an electrical and partially heat supply.