WO2013084566A1 - 内視鏡装置 - Google Patents
内視鏡装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013084566A1 WO2013084566A1 PCT/JP2012/074566 JP2012074566W WO2013084566A1 WO 2013084566 A1 WO2013084566 A1 WO 2013084566A1 JP 2012074566 W JP2012074566 W JP 2012074566W WO 2013084566 A1 WO2013084566 A1 WO 2013084566A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00004—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing
- A61B1/00009—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope
- A61B1/000095—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope for image enhancement
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
- A61B1/00186—Optical arrangements with imaging filters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/043—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances for fluorescence imaging
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/063—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements for monochromatic or narrow-band illumination
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0638—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements providing two or more wavelengths
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0646—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements with illumination filters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0071—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by measuring fluorescence emission
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
- A61B5/0084—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2576/00—Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an endoscope apparatus, and more particularly to an endoscope apparatus capable of observing fluorescence emitted from a fluorescent substance in a living body.
- the technology to acquire is conventionally known.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-143154 discloses a green region, a red region, and an infrared that can excite a fluorescent labeling substance administered in advance into the body of a patient in an electronic endoscope system. Receives the return light generated by the illumination light distributed discretely in each wavelength range of the region, and consists of infrared fluorescence image of the lesion area where the fluorescent labeling substance is accumulated, mainly red and green The structure which acquires the image of the biological tissue surface layer to be performed is disclosed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an endoscope apparatus capable of performing fluorescence observation with a configuration that is cheaper and more versatile than conventional ones.
- An endoscope apparatus includes an excitation light in a first wavelength band and a second wavelength set on a shorter wavelength side than the first wavelength band with respect to a biological tissue to which a fluorescent substance is administered.
- a light source unit configured to emit reference light in a wavelength band, and excitation light configured to have optical characteristics that block the excitation light and substantially transmit light other than the excitation light.
- the transmittance of the third wavelength band including the cut filter unit and the wavelength band of fluorescence emitted from the fluorescent material excited by the excitation light is relatively higher than the transmittance of other wavelength bands.
- a color filter unit comprising: a first filter; and a second filter configured such that the transmittance of the second wavelength band is relatively higher than the transmittance of other wavelength bands;
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a main part of an endoscope apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the endoscope apparatus 1 can be inserted into a body cavity of a subject, and is configured to capture a subject such as a living tissue existing in the body cavity and acquire image data.
- the generated scope 2, the light source device 3 configured to supply the illumination light emitted to the subject to the scope 2, and the video signal corresponding to the image data acquired by the scope 2 are generated and output.
- a display device 5 configured to display an image corresponding to a video signal output from the processor 4.
- a light guide 6 configured to transmit light supplied from the light source device 3 to the distal end portion of the scope 2 is inserted into the scope 2.
- the scope 2 is configured, for example, as an endoscope having an elongated insertion portion, and is illuminated by the illumination optical system 21 that emits illumination light transmitted by the light guide 6 to the subject, and the illumination light.
- An objective optical system 22 that forms an image of the return light from the subject, an imaging device 23 in which an imaging surface is disposed at an imaging position of the objective optical system 22, and a color filter 23a attached to the imaging surface of the imaging device 23;
- the filter switching device 24 disposed on the optical path between the objective optical system 22 and the color filter 23a is provided at the tip.
- the scope 2 includes an A / D conversion unit 25 that converts an analog imaging signal output according to an image of a subject imaged by the imaging element 23 into digital image data, and the endoscope apparatus 1.
- a mode changeover switch 26 capable of giving an instruction relating to switching of the observation mode, and a storage unit 27 in which predetermined information used for image processing of the processor 4 is stored in advance.
- the image pickup device 23 is driven based on the image pickup device drive signal output from the processor 4 to pick up an image of the subject, generate an image pickup signal corresponding to the image of the imaged subject, and send it to the A / D conversion unit 25. It is configured to output.
- the color filter 23a includes a plurality of R (red) filters, G (green) filters, and B (blue) filters each having predetermined optical characteristics (spectral characteristics) corresponding to each pixel of the image sensor 23. Are arranged in a Bayer array (in a checkered pattern). In the present embodiment, for example, it is assumed that an R filter, a G filter, and a B filter each having optical characteristics as shown in FIG. 2 are provided in the color filter 23a.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of optical characteristics of the R filter, the G filter, and the B filter provided in the color filter.
- the R filter of the color filter 23a is configured such that the transmittance in the red region to the near infrared region is relatively higher than the transmittance in other wavelength bands (see FIG. 2). That is, the R filter of the color filter 23a is configured such that the transmittance in the wavelength band of R light and FL light described later is relatively higher than the transmittance in other wavelength bands.
- the G filter of the color filter 23a is configured such that the transmittance in the green region is relatively higher than the transmittance in other wavelength bands (see FIG. 2). That is, the G filter of the color filter 23a is configured such that the transmittance in the wavelength band of G light and REF light described later is relatively higher than the transmittance in other wavelength bands.
- the B filter of the color filter 23a is configured such that the transmittance in the blue region is relatively higher than the transmittance in other wavelength bands (see FIG. 2). That is, the B filter of the color filter 23a is configured such that the transmittance of the wavelength band of B light is relatively higher than the transmittance of other wavelength bands.
- the filter switching device 24 detects that the endoscope device 1 has been switched to the white light observation mode based on the filter switching signal output from the light source device 3, the objective optical system 22 and the color filter 23a The pumping light cut filter 24a is retracted from the optical path between the two. Further, when the excitation light cut filter 24a is retracted from the optical path between the objective optical system 22 and the color filter 23a, the filter switching device 24 receives each wavelength band incident through the objective optical system 22. Is transmitted to the color filter 23a side.
- the filter switching device 24 detects that the endoscope device 1 has been switched to the fluorescence observation mode based on the filter switching signal output from the light source device 3, the objective optical system 22 and the color filter 23a are detected.
- the excitation light cut filter 24a is inserted on the optical path between the two. Further, when the excitation light cut filter 24a is inserted in the optical path between the objective optical system 22 and the color filter 23a, the filter switching device 24 receives each wavelength band incident through the objective optical system 22. Among the light, only the light in a predetermined wavelength band corresponding to the optical characteristics of the excitation light cut filter 24a is transmitted to the color filter 23a side.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of optical characteristics of the excitation light cut filter.
- the excitation light cut filter 24a is an optical element that blocks R light (the transmittance of R light is set to approximately 0) and substantially transmits light in a wavelength band other than R light, for example, as shown in FIG. It has a characteristic (spectral characteristic).
- the mode changeover switch 26 issues an instruction to switch the observation mode of the endoscope apparatus 1 to one of the observation modes selected from the white light observation mode and the fluorescence observation mode in accordance with the operation of the operator or the like. It is configured to be able to.
- the storage unit 27 constituted by a non-volatile memory or the like, a matrix as predetermined information used for image processing of the processor 4 is stored in advance. Further, the storage unit 27 is configured to output the above-described matrix to the processor 4 when it is detected that the scope 2 and the processor 4 are connected. Details of the matrix stored in the storage unit 27 will be described later.
- each part of the image sensor 23, the color filter 23a, and the A / D converter 25 may be configured as an individual circuit or element, or a color CMOS sensor or the like. It may be configured as one such element.
- the light source device 3 is output from the LED light source unit 31, the LED drive unit 32, a condensing optical system 33 that condenses the light emitted from the LED light source unit 31 and supplies the light to the light guide 6, and the processor 4.
- a filter switching control unit 34 that outputs a filter switching signal for causing the filter switching device 24 to perform an operation according to the mode switching signal.
- the LED light source unit 31 includes an LED 31a that emits red light, an LED 31b that emits green light, an LED 31c that emits blue light, an optical element 31d, and an optical element 31e.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of wavelength bands of R light, G light, and B light emitted from the light source device.
- the LED 31a is configured to emit, for example, narrowband R light whose center wavelength is set to around 650 nm (see FIG. 4).
- the LED 31b is configured to emit narrow band G light whose center wavelength is set near 550 nm, for example (see FIG. 4).
- the LED 31c is configured to emit, for example, narrowband B light whose center wavelength is set to around 415 nm (see FIG. 4).
- the wavelength bands of the narrow-band light of each color of R, G, and B do not overlap each other (they are different discrete wavelength bands). As set).
- the optical element 31d is constituted by, for example, a half mirror, etc., and transmits R light emitted from the LED 31a to the optical element 31e side, and reflects G light emitted from the LED 31b to the optical element 31e side. It has characteristics.
- the optical element 31e is composed of, for example, a half mirror, and transmits R light and G light emitted through the optical element 31d to the condensing optical system 33 side, and condenses B light emitted from the LED 31c. The optical characteristic is reflected to the optical system 33 side.
- the LED drive unit 32 is configured to be able to supply a drive current for driving each LED provided in the LED light source unit 31. Further, the LED drive unit 32 changes the magnitude of the drive current supplied from the LED drive unit 32 to the LED light source unit 31 based on the dimming signal output from the processor 4. It is configured so that the intensity (light quantity) of light (R light, G light, and B light) emitted from the LED can be changed. Further, the LED drive unit 32 is configured to be able to emit or extinguish each LED provided in the LED light source unit 31 based on a dimming signal output from the processor 4.
- the filter switching control unit 34 detects that the endoscope apparatus 1 has been switched to the white light observation mode based on the mode switching signal output from the processor 4, the objective optical system 22 and the color filter 23a A filter switching signal for operating the pumping light cut filter 24a to be retracted from the optical path between the two is output to the filter switching device 24.
- the filter switching control unit 34 detects that the endoscope apparatus 1 has been switched to the fluorescence observation mode based on the mode switching signal output from the processor 4, the objective optical system 22 and the color filter 23a are detected.
- a filter switching signal for causing the pumping light cut filter 24a to be inserted on the optical path between the filter switching device 24 and the filter switching device 24 is output.
- the processor 4 is configured to perform processing for adjusting the balance of the signal intensity between the color components included in the image data acquired by the scope 2, and output from the color balance processing unit 41.
- An image processing unit 42 configured to perform image processing on the image data to be processed, and a D / D configured to convert the image data output from the image processing unit 42 into an analog video signal and output the analog video signal
- a conversion unit 43 a dimming unit 44 configured to output a dimming signal corresponding to the brightness of the image data output from the color balance processing unit 41, and an instruction made in the mode changeover switch 26
- a mode switching control unit 45 configured to output a mode switching signal, and an image sensor driving signal for performing control related to an imaging operation of the image sensor 23 And a, an imaging device driving section 46 to output.
- the image processing unit 42 is configured to have functions capable of performing processing such as noise correction, gamma correction, and edge enhancement.
- the image processing unit 42 detects that the endoscope apparatus 1 has been switched to the fluorescence observation mode based on the mode switching signal output from the mode switching control unit 45, the signal conversion unit 42a and the matrix conversion are performed. It is comprised so that the process by the part 42b may be performed.
- the signal conversion unit 42a performs a process of converting each color component included in the image data output from the color balance processing unit 41 into a luminance component Y and color difference components Cr and Cb.
- the matrix conversion unit 42b applies a matrix output from the storage unit 27 of the scope 2 to the luminance component Y and the color difference components Cr and Cb obtained as the processing result of the signal conversion unit 42a, and performs an operation. Further, a process of assigning the image data of each color component obtained as a result of the calculation to the R channel, the G channel, and the B channel of the display device 5 is performed. Details of the processing of the matrix conversion unit 42b will be described later.
- the image processing unit 42 detects that the endoscope apparatus 1 has been switched to the fluorescence observation mode based on the mode switching signal output from the mode switching control unit 45, the processing of the matrix conversion unit 42b.
- the image data assigned to the R, G, and B color channels of the display device 5 are subjected to processing such as noise correction, gamma correction, and edge enhancement, and output to the D / A converter 43.
- the image processing unit 42 detects that the endoscope apparatus 1 has been switched to the white light observation mode based on the mode switching signal output from the mode switching control unit 45, the color balance processing unit 41.
- Each color component included in the image data output from the image data is assigned to the R, G, and B color channels of the display device 5, and noise correction, gamma correction, and edge enhancement are performed on the image data assigned to each color channel. Etc., and output to the D / A converter 43. That is, according to the present embodiment, when the endoscope apparatus 1 is switched to the white light observation mode, processing by the signal conversion unit 42a and the matrix conversion unit 42b is not performed.
- the dimming unit 44 determines that the endoscope apparatus 1 has been switched to the white light observation mode based on the mode switching signal output from the mode switching control unit 45 and the image data output from the color balance processing unit 41. Is detected, a dimming signal for causing the LEDs 31a, 31b, and 31c to simultaneously emit light at an intensity suitable for observation in the white light observation mode is output to the LED drive unit 32.
- the dimming unit 44 switches the endoscope apparatus 1 to the fluorescence observation mode based on the mode switching signal output from the mode switching control unit 45 and the image data output from the color balance processing unit 41. When this is detected, the LED 31c is extinguished, and a dimming signal for causing the LED 31a and the LED 31b to emit light simultaneously with an intensity suitable for observation in the fluorescence observation mode is output to the LED drive unit 32.
- the mode switching control unit 45 When the mode switching control unit 45 detects that the mode switching switch 26 has instructed the switching of the observation mode of the endoscope apparatus 1 to the white light observation mode, the mode switching control unit 45 operates according to the white light observation mode.
- a mode switching signal for performing the above is output to each of the filter switching control unit 34, the image processing unit 42, the light control unit 44, and the image sensor driving unit 46.
- the mode switching control unit 45 operates in accordance with the fluorescence observation mode when the mode switch 26 detects that an instruction to switch the observation mode of the endoscope apparatus 1 to the fluorescence observation mode is given.
- a mode switching signal for performing the above is output to each of the filter switching control unit 34, the image processing unit 42, the light control unit 44, and the image sensor driving unit 46.
- the imaging element driving unit 46 Based on the mode switching signal output from the mode switching control unit 45, the imaging element driving unit 46 causes the imaging operation to be performed at a timing according to the observation mode of the endoscope apparatus 1, and the observation mode of the endoscope apparatus 1.
- An image sensor driving signal that generates an imaging signal using a gain corresponding to the output is output to the LED driving unit 32.
- a user such as a surgeon connects each part of the endoscope apparatus 1 and further operates the mode switch 26 at a timing before and after the power of each part of the endoscope apparatus 1 is turned on. An instruction to switch the observation mode 1 to the white light observation mode is given.
- mode switching control unit 45 When the mode switching control unit 45 detects that the mode switching switch 26 has instructed to switch the observation mode of the endoscope apparatus 1 to the white light observation mode, the mode switching control unit 45 performs an operation according to the white light observation mode. Mode switching signals are output to the filter switching control unit 34, the image processing unit 42, the dimming unit 44, and the image sensor driving unit 46.
- the LED driving unit 32 causes the LEDs 31a, 31b, and 31c of the LED light source unit 31 to simultaneously emit light based on the dimming signal output from the dimming unit 44.
- the illumination light (white light) which comprises the wavelength range of R light, G light, and B light supplied from the light source device 3 is received.
- the R light, G light, and B light reflected to the subject through the light guide 6 and the illumination optical system 21 are incident on the objective optical system 22 as return light from the observation target portion 101. Is done.
- the filter switching device 24 operates to retract the excitation light cut filter 24a from the optical path between the objective optical system 22 and the color filter 23a based on the filter switching signal output from the filter switching control unit 34. .
- the filter switching device 24 in the white light observation mode, the R light return light (reflected light), the G light return light (reflected light), and the B light that have passed through the color filter 23a.
- Return light (reflected light) is received by the imaging surface of the image sensor 23, and an imaging signal obtained by imaging each received light is output from the image sensor 23.
- the A / D conversion unit 25 converts the analog imaging signal output from the imaging device 23 into digital image data and outputs the digital image data to the color balance processing unit 41 of the processor 4.
- the red component RC, the green component GC, and the blue component corresponding to the intensities of the R light, the G light, and the B light received by the image pickup surface of the image pickup device 23 by such processing of the A / D conversion unit 25.
- Image data including BC is generated.
- the color balance processing unit 41 adjusts the signal intensity balance between the RC, GC, and BC color components included in the image data for the image data output from the A / D conversion unit 25 (for example, White balance processing) is performed and output to the image processing unit 42.
- the image processing unit 42 detects that the endoscope apparatus 1 has been switched to the white light observation mode based on the mode switching signal output from the mode switching control unit 45, the image output from the color balance processing unit 41 RC, GC, and BC color components included in the data are assigned to the R, G, and B color channels of the display device 5, and noise correction, gamma correction, and image data assigned to the color channels are assigned. Processing such as edge enhancement is performed and output to the D / A converter 43.
- the display device 5 displays an image of the subject corresponding to the video signal output through the D / A conversion unit 43.
- an observation image (color image) corresponding to the white light observation mode is displayed on the display device 5.
- the user performs the insertion operation of the scope 2 while viewing the observation image in the white light observation mode displayed on the display device 5, thereby disposing the distal end portion of the scope 2 in the vicinity of the desired observation target region 101 in the subject.
- the user or the like operates the mode switch 26 to give an instruction to switch the observation mode of the endoscope apparatus 1 to the fluorescence observation mode.
- the mode switch control unit 45 When the mode switch control unit 45 detects that the mode switch 26 has instructed to switch the observation mode of the endoscope apparatus 1 to the fluorescence observation mode, the mode switch control unit 45 performs an operation according to the fluorescence observation mode.
- the mode switching signal is output to each of the filter switching control unit 34, the image processing unit 42, the dimming unit 44, and the image sensor driving unit 46.
- the LED driving unit 32 Based on the dimming signal output from the dimming unit 44, the LED driving unit 32 extinguishes the LED 31c of the LED light source unit 31 and outputs a dimming signal for causing the LED 31a and the LED 31b to emit light simultaneously to the LED driving unit 32. To do.
- the illumination light having the wavelength bands of R light and G light supplied from the light source device 3 passes through the light guide 6 and the illumination optical system 21. The light is emitted to the observation target region 101.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the wavelength band of the return light incident on the scope in the fluorescence observation mode.
- the wavelength band of the reference light (G light) is set to be shorter than the wavelength band of the excitation light (R light).
- the pixel having the maximum detection sensitivity of the FL light image and the pixel having the maximum detection sensitivity of the REF light image included in the return light are made different from each other.
- G light As reference light
- reference light including B light an observation image in which capillaries and the like existing on the surface layer of the observation target portion 101 can be easily seen as compared with the case where reference light consisting only of G light is used. Can be generated.
- the filter switching device 24 operates to insert the excitation light cut filter 24a on the optical path between the objective optical system 22 and the color filter 23a based on the filter switching signal output from the filter switching control unit 34. To do.
- the filter switching device 24 in the fluorescence observation mode, the light that has passed through the R filter of the excitation light cut filter 24a and the color filter 23a and the G filter of the excitation light cut filter 24a and the color filter 23a are changed.
- the passed light is received by the image pickup surface of the image pickup device 23, and an image pickup signal obtained by picking up the received light is output from the image pickup device 23.
- the A / D conversion unit 25 converts the analog imaging signal output from the imaging device 23 into digital image data and outputs the digital image data to the color balance processing unit 41 of the processor 4. Then, by such processing of the A / D conversion unit 25, a red component RD, a green component GD, a blue component BD corresponding to the intensity of the FL light and the REF light received on the imaging surface of the imaging element 23, Is generated.
- the imaging device 23 and the A / D conversion unit 25 corresponding to the imaging unit of the present embodiment have the intensity of light received through the excitation light cut filter 24a and the R filter of the color filter 23a in the fluorescence observation mode. And the image containing each color component according to the intensity
- the color balance processing unit 41 adjusts the signal intensity balance among the red component RD, the green component GD, and the blue component BD included in the image data for the image data output from the A / D conversion unit 25. Are output to the image processing unit 42.
- the image processing unit 42 detects that the endoscope apparatus 1 has been switched to the fluorescence observation mode based on the mode switching signal output from the mode switching control unit 45, the processing by the signal conversion unit 42a and the matrix conversion unit 42b. Work to do.
- the signal conversion unit 42a performs a process of converting the red component RD, the green component GD, and the blue component BD included in the image data output from the color balance processing unit 41 into a luminance component Y and color difference components Cr and Cb. Do.
- the matrix conversion unit 42b applies the matrix output from the storage unit 27 of the scope 2 to the luminance component Y and the color difference components Cr and Cb obtained as the processing result of the signal conversion unit 42a.
- the R filter, G filter, and B filter of the color filter 23a each have transmission characteristics in a wide band from the visible range to the near infrared range. Therefore, the red component RD included in the image data output from the color balance processing unit 41 in the fluorescence observation mode of the present embodiment includes a component based on the wavelength component of the FL light received through the R filter of the color filter 23a. In addition, a component based on the wavelength component of the REF light received through the R filter of the color filter 23a is mixed. Further, the green component GD included in the image data output from the color balance processing unit 41 in the fluorescence observation mode of the present embodiment includes a component based on the wavelength component of the FL light received through the G filter of the color filter 23a.
- the light components are received through the R filter of the color filter 23a before assigning the color components to the R, G, and B channels of the display device 5.
- R light and G light are simultaneously emitted to a living tissue to which the same fluorescent probe as that used for fluorescence observation of the observation target region 101 is administered, and an excitation light cut filter 24a and a color filter 23a are provided.
- FL light and REF light are received on the image pickup surface of the image pickup device 23, and image data I RGB corresponding to the received FL light and REF light is generated by the A / D conversion unit 25.
- the matrix corresponding to the intensities of the red component RD, the green component GD, and the blue component BD included in the image data I RGB is determined as in the following formula (1).
- R FL represents the intensity of the red component based on the wavelength component of the FL light received through the R filter of the color filter 23a
- G FL is received through the G filter of the color filter 23a
- B FL represents the intensity of the green component based on the wavelength component of the emitted FL light
- B FL represents the intensity of the blue component based on the wavelength component of the FL light received through the B filter of the color filter 23a
- R REF represents the color filter 23a.
- G REF represents the intensity of the green component based on the wavelength component of the REF light received through the G filter of the color filter 23a
- B REF represents the intensity of the blue component based on the wavelength component of the REF light received through the B filter of the color filter 23a.
- the image data I RGB represented by the above equation (1) is converted into image data I YC having a luminance / color difference component as represented by the following equation (2) by the processing of the signal conversion unit 42a.
- Y FL represents the magnitude of the luminance component in the wavelength component of FL light
- Cr FL and Cb FL represent the magnitude of the color difference component in the wavelength component of FL light
- Y REF represents the size of the luminance component in the wavelength component of the REF light
- Cr REF and Cb REF represent the size of the color difference component in the wavelength component of the REF light, respectively.
- MAT is a matrix for separating image data of two independent color components from each color component included in the image data output from the color balance processing unit 41, and the processing of the matrix conversion unit 42b is further performed.
- the processing relating to the separation of the color components performed in the matrix conversion unit 42b is expressed by the following equations (3) and (4). Can be expressed as
- a matrix MAT of 2 rows and 3 columns can be obtained by performing the following equation (5) based on the above equations (3) and (4).
- I YC + represents a pseudo inverse matrix of I YC .
- the first row represents the output of the red component
- the second row represents the output of the green component
- the first column represents the output of the signal component of the FL light
- the second column represents the output.
- the output of the signal component of REF light shall be represented.
- the excitation light cut filter 24a and the color filter 23a are extracted from each color component included in the image data output from the color balance processing unit 41.
- Image data including only the red component FLRD based on the wavelength component of the FL light received through the R filter can be separated.
- the excitation light cut filter 24a and the color filter are obtained from each color component included in the image data output from the color balance processing unit 41.
- the image data including only the green component REFGD based on the wavelength component of the REF light received through the G filter 23a can be separated.
- the coefficient is set so that the image data of the blue component REFBD having the same intensity as the image data of the green component REFGD described above can be obtained, and is expressed as the following formula (6).
- Such a 3 ⁇ 3 matrix MATA is stored in the storage unit 27 of the scope 2.
- the coefficients M11, M12, M13, M21, M22, and M23 in the following formula (6) are the coefficients included in the 2-by-3 matrix MAT obtained through the calculation of the above formula (5). Assume that they are the same value.
- the storage unit 27 of the scope 2 is calculated in advance according to the intensity of each color component included in the image data I RGB generated by the imaging device 23 and the A / D conversion unit 25 in the fluorescence observation mode.
- Stored is a matrix MATA for image separation as expressed by the above equation (6).
- the matrix conversion unit 42b applies the image separation matrix MATA output from the storage unit 27 to the luminance component Y and the color difference components Cr and Cb obtained as the processing result of the signal conversion unit 42a.
- the image data of the red component FLRD having the intensity corresponding to the coefficients M11, M12, and M13 and the intensity corresponding to the coefficients M21, M22, and M23 as represented by the following formula (7):
- the image data of the green component REFGD having the above and the image data of the blue component REFBD having the intensity corresponding to the coefficients M21, M22 and M23 are acquired.
- the matrix conversion unit 42b assigns the image data of the red component FLRD to the R channel of the display device 5, assigns the image data of the green component REFGD to the G channel of the display device 5, and assigns the image data of the blue component REFBD to the display device 5. Assigned to the B channel.
- the image processing unit 42 performs processing such as noise correction, gamma correction, and edge enhancement on the image data assigned to the R, G, and B color channels of the display device 5 by the processing of the matrix conversion unit 42b. And output to the D / A converter 43.
- the display device 5 displays an image of the subject corresponding to the video signal output through the D / A conversion unit 43.
- an observation image (pseudo color image) corresponding to the fluorescence observation mode is displayed on the display device 5.
- the storage unit 27 not only the matrix MATA unique to each scope 2 is stored in the storage unit 27 but, for example, ID information that can specify the type of the scope 2 is stored in the storage unit 27. It may be stored. According to the configuration of the storage unit 27, for example, one matrix MATA corresponding to the ID information output from the storage unit 27 is selected from a plurality of matrixes MATA stored in advance in a memory (not shown).
- the matrix conversion unit 42b may have such a configuration.
- the matrix MATA calculation method and the process of the matrix conversion unit 42b are not limited to those in which the color filter 23a (primary color) in which RGB filters are arranged in a checkered pattern is attached to the imaging surface of the imaging device 23.
- the present invention can also be applied in a similar manner to the case where the color filter is attached to the image pickup surface of the image pickup device 23.
- each color component of Mg + Cy, G + Ye, Mg + Ye, and G + Cy included in the image data output from the color balance processing unit 41 is converted into a luminance component Y and color difference components Cr and Cb.
- the matrix MATA calculation method and the processing of the matrix conversion unit 42b can be applied even when a complementary color filter is attached to the imaging surface of the imaging device 23.
- the excitation light cut filter 24a when obtaining actual measurement values corresponding to the respective components of the image data I RGB or I YC used to calculate the matrix MAT that is the basis of the matrix MATA described above, for example, the excitation light cut filter 24a
- the optical characteristics, the wavelength bands of the R light and G light emitted from the light source device 3, and the fluorescence wavelength of the fluorescent probe (fluorescent substance) are adjusted as appropriate, and the bandwidth is narrowed as much as possible in the brightness that can be imaged.
- each coefficient (M11, M12, M13, M21, M22, and M23) included in the matrices MAT and MATA Can be optimized.
- fluorescence observation can be performed with a configuration that is cheaper and more versatile than conventional ones, and an observation image at the time of fluorescence observation is generated in the originally intended color tone ( Display).
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Abstract
Description
上記の数式(1)により表される画像データIRGBは、信号変換部42aの処理により、以下の数式(2)として表されるような輝度色差成分を具備する画像データIYCに変換される。なお、以下の数式(2)において、YFLはFL光の波長成分における輝度成分の大きさを表し、CrFL及びCbFLはFL光の波長成分における色差成分の大きさをそれぞれ表し、YREFはREF光の波長成分における輝度成分の大きさを表し、CrREF及びCbREFはREF光の波長成分における色差成分の大きさをそれぞれ表すものとする。
ここで、カラーバランス処理部41から出力される画像データに含まれる各色成分から、相互に独立した2つの色成分の画像データを分離するためのマトリクスをMATとし、さらに、マトリクス変換部42bの処理結果として得られるように企図された各色成分の画像データを示すマトリクスSとした場合、マトリクス変換部42bにおいて行われる色成分の分離に係る処理を、以下の数式(3)及び(4)のように表すことができる。
そして、上記の数式(3)及び(4)に基づく以下の数式(5)の演算を行うことにより、2行3列のマトリクスMATを求めることができる。なお、以下の数式(5)において、IYC +はIYCの擬似逆行列を表すものとする。また、(4)のマトリクスSにおいて、1行目は赤色成分の出力を表し、2行目は緑色成分の出力を表し、1列目はFL光の信号成分の出力を表し、2列目はREF光の信号成分の出力を表すものとする。
上記の数式(5)の演算を経て求められるマトリクスMATを用いた処理によれば、カラーバランス処理部41から出力される画像データに含まれる各色成分から、励起光カットフィルタ24a及びカラーフィルタ23aのRフィルタを経て受光されたFL光の波長成分に基づく赤色成分FLRDのみを含む画像データを分離することができる。
すなわち、スコープ2の記憶部27には、蛍光観察モード時に(撮像素子23及びA/D変換部25により)生成される画像データIRGBに含まれる各色成分の強度に応じて予め算出された、上記数式(6)として表されるような画像分離用のマトリクスMATAが格納されている。
また、マトリクス変換部42bは、赤色成分FLRDの画像データを表示装置5のRチャンネルに割り当て、緑色成分REFGDの画像データを表示装置5のGチャンネルに割り当て、青色成分REFBDの画像データを表示装置5のBチャンネルに割り当てる。
Claims (3)
- 蛍光物質が投与された生体組織に対し、第1の波長帯域の励起光と、前記第1の波長帯域より短波長側において設定された第2の波長帯域の参照光と、を出射するように構成されている光源部と、
前記励起光を遮断するとともに、前記励起光以外の光を略透過させる光学特性を具備して構成されている励起光カットフィルタ部と、
前記励起光により励起された前記蛍光物質から発せられる蛍光の波長帯域を含む第3の波長帯域の透過率が他の波長帯域の透過率より相対的に高くなるように構成された第1のフィルタと、前記第2の波長帯域の透過率が他の波長帯域の透過率より相対的に高くなるように構成された第2のフィルタと、を具備するカラーフィルタ部と、
前記蛍光物質が投与された生体組織に対して前記励起光及び前記参照光が同時に出射された際に、前記励起光カットフィルタ部及び前記カラーフィルタ部を経て受光される戻り光の強度に応じた各色成分を含む画像を生成するように構成されている撮像部と、
前記撮像部により生成された画像に含まれる各色成分から、前記蛍光の受光によって生じる信号成分を分離した第1の画像と、前記参照光の受光によって生じる信号成分を分離した第2の画像と、をそれぞれ取得するための処理を行うように構成されている画像処理部と、
を有することを特徴とする内視鏡装置。 - 前記蛍光物質が投与された生体組織に対して前記励起光及び前記参照光が同時に出射された際に前記撮像部により生成される画像に含まれる各色成分の強度に応じて予め算出された、画像分離用のマトリクスが格納されている記憶部をさらに有し、
前記画像処理部は、前記撮像部により生成された画像に含まれる各色成分を輝度成分及び色差成分に変換し、さらに、前記記憶部に格納された前記画像分離用のマトリクスを前記輝度成分及び前記色差成分に適用して演算を行うことにより、前記第1の画像及び前記第2の画像を取得する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。 - 前記第1の波長帯域が赤色域であり、かつ、前記第2の波長帯域が緑色域であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
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| EP12855490.4A EP2724658B1 (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2012-09-25 | Endoscope device |
| JP2013526267A JP5439630B2 (ja) | 2011-12-07 | 2012-09-25 | 内視鏡装置 |
| CN201280039432.2A CN103732117B (zh) | 2011-12-07 | 2012-09-25 | 内窥镜装置 |
| US13/918,145 US20130317371A1 (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2013-06-14 | Endoscope apparatus |
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| US10667675B2 (en) | 2016-02-18 | 2020-06-02 | Panasonic Corporation | Imaging device and image processing method |
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| JP6008812B2 (ja) * | 2013-09-27 | 2016-10-19 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 内視鏡システム及びその作動方法 |
| CN104523214A (zh) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-22 | 佛山市南海区欧谱曼迪科技有限责任公司 | 一种窄带成像内窥镜装置 |
| CN106331442B (zh) * | 2015-07-02 | 2021-01-15 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 摄像装置 |
| JPWO2017085793A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-17 | 2018-09-13 | オリンパス株式会社 | 内視鏡システム、画像処理装置、画像処理方法およびプログラム |
| CN105748029B (zh) * | 2016-02-18 | 2017-09-29 | 深圳开立生物医疗科技股份有限公司 | 一种内窥镜成像系统 |
| JP7160898B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-15 | 2022-10-25 | ソニー・オリンパスメディカルソリューションズ株式会社 | 医療用観察システム |
| CN111936031B (zh) * | 2018-04-11 | 2023-12-15 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 医疗图像处理装置 |
| CN111803013A (zh) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-23 | 深圳市博盛医疗科技有限公司 | 一种内窥镜成像方法和内窥镜成像系统 |
| US11599999B2 (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2023-03-07 | Verily Life Sciences Llc | Apparatus, system, and method for fluorescence imaging with stray light reduction |
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| EP2724658B1 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
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| US20130317371A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
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