WO2013079286A1 - Pseudo-thermoplastische, selbstvernetzende composites - Google Patents
Pseudo-thermoplastische, selbstvernetzende composites Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013079286A1 WO2013079286A1 PCT/EP2012/071947 EP2012071947W WO2013079286A1 WO 2013079286 A1 WO2013079286 A1 WO 2013079286A1 EP 2012071947 W EP2012071947 W EP 2012071947W WO 2013079286 A1 WO2013079286 A1 WO 2013079286A1
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- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- crosslinking
- diels
- composite
- fibers
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- VZJFVTUWRBJTOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C1)CC(C)(CN(C(N(CC(C)(C2)CC(C)(C)CC2NC(OCc2ccc[o]2)=O)C(N2CC(C)(C3)CC(C)(C)CC3NC(OCc3ccc[o]3)=O)=O)=O)C2=O)CC1NC(OCc1ccc[o]1)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C1)CC(C)(CN(C(N(CC(C)(C2)CC(C)(C)CC2NC(OCc2ccc[o]2)=O)C(N2CC(C)(C3)CC(C)(C)CC3NC(OCc3ccc[o]3)=O)=O)=O)C2=O)CC1NC(OCc1ccc[o]1)=O VZJFVTUWRBJTOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMSPKKBZLSPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(NCCCCCCN(C(N(CCCCCCNC(OCc1ccc[o]1)=O)C(N1CCCCCCNC(OCc2ccc[o]2)=O)=O)=O)C1=O)OCc1ccc[o]1 Chemical compound O=C(NCCCCCCN(C(N(CCCCCCNC(OCc1ccc[o]1)=O)C(N1CCCCCCNC(OCc2ccc[o]2)=O)=O)=O)C1=O)OCc1ccc[o]1 MYMSPKKBZLSPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
- C08J5/241—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres
- C08J5/244—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres using glass fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
- C08J5/249—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs characterised by the additives used in the prepolymer mixture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of storage-stable prepregs and moldings produced therefrom (composite components).
- hetero-Diels-Alder reactions e.g. PMMA polymers produced reversibly crosslinking composites or storage-stable prepregs.
- these prepregs can be reversibly rewetted by a retro-hetero-Diels-Alder reaction in that they become malleable.
- the back reaction to re-crosslinked or high molecular weight products takes place at room temperature.
- Fiber reinforced prepreg materials are already being used in many industrial applications because of their ease of handling and increased processing efficiency compared to the alternative wet-lay-up technology.
- Reaction transfer molding (RTM) processes include incorporating the reinforcing fibers into a mold, closing the mold, introducing the crosslinkable resin formulation into the mold, and then crosslinking the resin, typically by heat.
- RTM Reaction transfer molding
- Such a method is expensive and the prepregs as such are not storable.
- resins in addition to polyesters, vinyl esters and epoxy systems, there are a number of specialized resins in the field of crosslinking matrix systems. These include polyurethane resins, which, because of their toughness, damage tolerance and strength, are used in particular for the production of composite profiles via pultrusion processes.
- a disadvantage is often called the toxicity of the isocyanates used.
- the toxicity of epoxy systems and the hardener components used there is to be regarded as critical. This is especially true for known sensitizations and allergies.
- Matrix material which in turn can lead to a non-optimal stability of the prepreg or the composite component.
- Prepregs and composites based thereon based on epoxy systems are described, for example, in WO 98/5021 1, EP 309 221, EP 297 674, WO 89/04335 and US 4,377,657.
- WO 2006/043019 a process for the preparation of prepregs based on epoxy resin polyurethane powders is described.
- prepregs based on powdered thermoplastics are known as matrix.
- WO 99/64216 describes prepregs and composites and a method of making them using emulsions with polymer particles as small as to enable single-fiber coating.
- the polymers of the particles have a viscosity of at least 5,000 centipoise and are either thermoplastics or crosslinking polyurethane polymers.
- EP 0590702 describes powder impregnations for the production of prepregs in which the powder consists of a mixture of a thermoplastic and a reactive monomer or prepolymer.
- WO 2005/091715 likewise describes the use of thermoplastics for the production of prepregs.
- Prepregs prepared using Diels-Alder reactions and potentially activatable retro-Diels-Alder reactions are also known.
- AM Peterson et al. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (2009), 1 (5), 992-5) describes corresponding groups in epoxy systems. This modification gives you
- EP 2 174 975 and EP 2 346 935 each describe composite materials which can be used as laminate with bis-maleimide and furan groups, which can be thermally recycled. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that such a system will only reactivate at relatively high temperatures, i. At least to a large extent, it can be wiped out again. At such temperatures, however, there are more quickly
- the object of the present invention in the light of the prior art has been to provide a new prepreg technology which enables a simpler process for the production of easy-to-handle prepreg systems.
- the first and the second reactive component can be crosslinked to each other by means of a Diels-Alder or a hetero-Diels-Alder reaction.
- a prepreg is usually a precursor for thermoset composite components.
- An organic sheet is usually a precursor for thermoplastic composites.
- the dienophilic double bonds are, in particular, double bonds around groups having the structure
- Z is a 2-pyridyl group, a phosphoryl group or a
- R m is a Mapbindige organic group or a polymer and n is a number between 2 and 20.
- components A and / or B are one or more polymers. These polymers are preferably polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polystyrenes, copolymers of acrylates, methacrylates and / or styrenes, polyacrylonitrile, polyethers, polyesters, polylactic acids, polyamides, polyesteramides, polyurethanes, polycarbonates, amorphous or partially crystalline poly- ⁇ -olefins, EPDM, EPM, hydrogenated or unhydrogenated polybutadienes, ABS, SBR, polysiloxanes and / or block, comb, star or hyperbranched copolymers of these polymers.
- the reactive compositions which can be used according to the invention are environmentally friendly, cost-effective, have good mechanical properties, are easy to process and, after hardening, are distinguished by a good weather resistance and by a balanced ratio between hardness and flexibility.
- the principle is not limited to the polymers mentioned, but can be extended as a platform technology to other types of polymers.
- difunctional polymer building blocks of the type B or C and multifunctional crosslinkers of the corresponding complementary type C or B at room temperature crosslinked systems which, when reached by the choice of
- Components can be reversibly split, can be obtained.
- One of the great advantages of the present invention is, inter alia, that with the aid of the curing mechanisms used according to the invention, a comparison with the prior art, i. compared to established composites, a significantly larger number of raw materials or
- Raw material combinations can be used. This makes novel composite materials with completely new property profiles available.
- the composite semifinished products may have other additives.
- sunscreen agents such as sterically hindered amines, or other auxiliaries, such as. As described in EP 669 353, be added in a total amount of 0.05 to 5 wt%.
- Fillers and pigments such as Titanium dioxide may be added in an amount of up to 30% by weight of the total composition.
- compositions according to the invention may also contain additives such as leveling agents, for.
- additives such as leveling agents, for.
- polysilicones or adhesion promoters for example, be added on an acrylate basis.
- Carrier A for example, be added on an acrylate basis.
- the aforementioned fibrous supports A) are, in particular, supports which consist for the most part of glass, carbon, plastics, such as polyamide (aramid) or polyester, natural fibers, or mineral fiber materials, such as basalt fibers or ceramic fibers.
- the fibers are in particular as textile fabrics made of non-woven,
- the fiber-shaped carrier in the present invention consists of fiber-shaped material (also often called reinforcing fibers).
- any material that makes up the fibers is suitable, but is preferably fiber material made of glass, carbon, plastics, such.
- polyamide (aramid) or polyester natural fibers or mineral fiber materials such as basalt fibers or ceramic fibers (oxide fibers based on aluminum oxides and / or silicon oxides) used.
- mixtures of fiber types such as. B. fabric combinations of aramid and glass fibers, or carbon and glass fibers can be used.
- hybrid composite components are made with prepregs
- Glass fibers are the most commonly used fiber types mainly because of their relatively low price. In principle, here are all types of glass-based
- Reinforcing fibers suitable are suitable (E-glass, S-glass, R-glass, M-glass, C-glass, ECR-glass, D-glass, AR-glass, or hollow glass fibers).
- Carbon fibers are generally used in high performance composites, where lower density relative to glass fiber and high strength are also important factors.
- Carbon fibers (also carbon fibers) are industrially produced carbon-containing fibers
- isotropic fibers have only low strength and less technical importance, anisotropic fibers show high strength and stiffness with low elongation at break.
- Natural fibers are here all textile fibers and fiber materials, which are derived from vegetable and animal material (eg., Wood, cellulose, cotton, hemp, jute, linen, sisal, bamboo fibers). Similar to carbon fibers, aramid fibers have a negative coefficient of thermal expansion and thus contribute Heating shorter. Their specific strength and elastic modulus are significantly lower than that of carbon fibers. In conjunction with the positive expansion coefficient of the matrix resin can be manufactured dimensionally stable components.
- aramid fiber composites Compared to carbon fiber reinforced plastics, the compressive strength of aramid fiber composites is significantly lower.
- Known brand names for aramid fibers are Nomex® and Kevlar® from DuPont, or Teijinconex®, Twaron® and Technora® from Teijin.
- Particularly suitable and preferred are carriers made of glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers or ceramic fibers.
- the fiber-shaped material is a textile fabric. Suitable fabrics are nonwoven fabrics, as well as so-called knits, such as knitted fabrics and knits, but also non-meshed containers such as fabrics, scrims or braids.
- long fiber and short fiber materials as a carrier.
- rovings and yarns are also suitable according to the invention. All materials mentioned are suitable in the context of the invention as a fiber-shaped carrier.
- Reinforcing fibers contains "Composites Technologies, Paolo Ermanni (Version 4), Script for the Lecture ETH Zurich, August 2007, Chapter 7".
- Component B is a compound, optionally a polymer, having at least two dienophilic groups having one carbon-sulfur double bond.
- compound A has the following form:
- Z is an electron-withdrawing group
- R m is a polyvalent organic group or a polymer
- n is a number between 2 and 20.
- Crosslinking temperature Ti activated below 80 ° C, at a higher temperature, which is the netnetzungstemperatur T 2 , by means of a retro-hetero-Diels-Alder reaction traceable, and that this higher temperature possibly below the decomposition temperature of the located in the powder material components.
- the dienophile is particularly preferably a dithioester or a trithiocarbonate.
- the group Z is a 2-pyridyl group, a
- Component C is a diene. This diene has the general formula:
- SZ is a rather electron-donating group, which may simply be hydrogen or a simple alkyl radical.
- R 1 is a polyvalent organic group or a polymer and m is a number between 2 and 20. The carbon atoms of the double bonds may furthermore have further radicals.
- Suitable groups which are particularly suitable as diene are, for example, furfuryl radicals, adducts of the sorbic alcohol or cyclopentadienyl radicals.
- the crosslinking temperature Ti of the crosslinking in process steps IV and VII is preferably between 0 and 60.degree. C., more preferably between 10 and 40.degree. C. and most preferably at room temperature.
- T 2 At the dewetting temperature T 2 in
- Process step V in which these crosslinking sites are at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, dissolved again by means of a retro-Diels-Alder reaction or a retro-hetero-Diels-Alder reaction, is preferably a temperature which is between 50 and 150 ° C, more preferably between 70 and 120 ° C above the
- Process step II is particularly preferably carried out at a temperature T 3 which is at least 40 ° C above the crosslinking temperature Ti.
- Process step IV is carried out by cooling to the crosslinking temperature Ti.
- Process step III, the impregnation is carried out by soaking the fibers, fabrics or scrims with the formulation prepared in process step II. The impregnation is preferably carried out at the same temperature as process step II.
- This application and impregnation of the fabric / scrim in process step III takes place particularly in the low-viscosity state of the composition from process step II.
- the particular and great advantage, depending on the composition used, compared to thermoplastics extremely low viscosity of the unlinked juxtaposed low molecular weight building blocks.
- the impregnation can also take place by means of a solution.
- drying takes place after impregnation to remove the solvent in one
- Suitable solvents are all suitable solvents for the composition such as aromatics such as toluene, acetates such as propyl acetate, ketones such as acetone, aliphatic compounds such as heptane, alcohols such as propanol or chlorinated aliphates such as chloroform.
- composition of the invention of the components B and C is a very good impregnation of the fiber-shaped carrier A, due to the fact that the liquid composition of components B and C wets the carrier A very well, wherein at a sufficiently high temperature during wetting a premature crosslinking reaction is avoided. Furthermore, the process steps of milling and screening, as often required in prior art composite materials, fall into individual particle size fractions, thus providing a higher yield
- impregnated fiber-shaped carrier can be achieved.
- the composite semi-finished products can be brought into shape after process step II, for example in a press by pressure, preferably at a temperature which corresponds to the Entnetzungstemperatur T 2 , but necessarily at most 20 ° C deviates from this.
- a belt press for the production of planar "organo sheets" is particularly suitable for this purpose used for pressing tools.
- the demolding is preferably carried out later from the tool cooled to temperature Ti.
- the preparation of a re-flexibilizable or deformable composite semifinished product is completed in process step IV by cooling to the cross-linking temperature T-i, preferably to room temperature, at which the matrix passes into the covalently crosslinked state.
- T-i the cross-linking temperature
- the matrix crosslinks not only within the composite semifinished product, but optionally also between several previously assembled prepreg layers across the layer boundaries.
- the cross-linking takes place within the entire composite component, even if this was made up of several impregnated parts.
- the crosslinking takes place in process step IV after mixing components B and C in process step II at room temperature within 2 min.
- process step I II is particularly preferably carried out no later than 30 s after process step I I.
- the cross-linking in step VII occurs spontaneously during cooling from the temperature of steps V and VI to the
- Crosslinking temperature T-i in particular to room temperature.
- the room temperature covalent crosslinking offers the advantage that e.g. no "creep" occurs under mechanical stress, as it is more frequently observed in thermoplastic and semi-crystalline composites.
- the composite semifinished product between the process steps I I I and IV by means of compression, e.g. under pressure or by applying a vacuum, preformed.
- a particular advantage of the present invention is that the method steps V to VII can be repeated once or several times.
- the composite semi-finished products according to the invention are characterized not only by the fact that they can be re-deformed several times, but also by the fact that the composite semi-finished products or the finished molded parts produced therefrom can be recycled.
- the shaping in method step VI can be carried out by means of various shaping methods.
- pultrusion in particular thermoplastic pultrusion, the impregnated semi-finished product is pulled through an array of different nozzles.
- the cross section is gradually tapered to the geometry of the desired profile.
- thermoset or wet-winding technique the impregnated semifinished product is wound onto a mandrel.
- geodetic or concave moldings can be realized with this method.
- suitable temperature control during the winding process a particularly good adhesion between the individual fibers can be realized.
- thermoforming of organo sheets is a pressing method.
- Different variants are known. When stamping with metal stamping two halves of metal molds are used as a press. In this variant, both tool sides are shaping. Especially for small series, the more flexible forming with elastomer block is used.
- a tool side has a flexible, replaceable elastomer block, while the other side of the tool is shaping.
- a variant of this is a silicone stamp.
- hydroforming the first side of the tool instead of the elastomer block with a liquid, eg a Hydraulic oil, filled and closed with an elastic membrane chamber.
- the non-forming tool side is a highly elastic membrane that acts to shape during the actual pressing operation by means of supplied gas or liquid and pressure formed therefrom after closure of the tool.
- Rollform compiler in particular roll profiling, bending or forming the
- the first shaping can also take place by means of a variant of the method according to the invention by means of Quicktemp molding or direct impregnation. In these processes, impregnation and the first shaping take place in the same tool. Both methods are otherwise similar to the described thermoforming of organo sheets.
- Cutting, milling, polishing and / or painting or coating moldings are produced. It is also possible to use moldings of several composite semi-finished products, e.g. be glued or stitched together.
- This process step VIII can after process step IV or after a
- Process step VII Irrespective of when process step VIII is carried out, further cycles of process steps V to VII may follow thereafter.
- a method step IX the composite semifinished product according to the invention or a molded article produced therefrom can be recycled at a temperature T 4 .
- This temperature T 4 is at least as high as the dewetting temperature T 2 .
- Process step IX can be carried out according to process steps IV, VII or VIII, depending on what is to be recycled at which stage of production.
- the composite semifinished products according to the invention or the moldings produced according to the invention can be used in various ways. In particular, these can be used for the production of composites in boatbuilding or shipbuilding, in aerospace technology, in the automotive industry, for two-wheelers - preferably motorcycles or bicycles, in the automotive, construction, medical, sports, electrical and electronics industries, as well as in power generation plants, as used for rotor blades in wind turbines.
- Precursor 1 tri-isophorone-trifurfuryl (T-IPDI-Fu) (3)
- T-IPDI-Fu To synthesize tri-isophorone trifurfuryl (T-IPDI-Fu), furfuryl alcohol (2) is reacted with trimeric isophorone diisocyanate (T-IPDI) (1) in the presence of DBTL (dibutyltin laurate) as a catalyst in acetone.
- T-IPDI trimeric isophorone diisocyanate
- Precursor 2 tri-hexamethylene-trifurfuryl (T-HDI-Fu)
- T-HDI trimeric hexamethylene diisocyanate
- T-HDI-Fu tri-hexamethylene-trifurfuryl
- Crosslinking component provides because of their long alkyl chains for more flexibility in the network and thus the production of a flexible matrix for the prepreg production even better.
- Precursor 3 Fu-IPDI-Voranol (12)
- monomeric isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) (7) is reacted in a ratio of 3 to 2 with a bifunctional polyetherol (8) in acetone to give the intermediate (9).
- the still free isocyanate groups of the intermediate are reacted in a second reaction step with furfuryl alcohol (1: 1).
- This molecule is intended for flexibilization and used in combination with compound (3) as a matrix component.
- the acetone is removed on a rotary evaporator at 60 ° C. and 5 ⁇ 10 -1 mbar, leaving behind a yellowish oil, which is analyzed for characterization by means of 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR, as well as infrared spectroscopy.
- Precursor 4 Isophorone difurfuryl (IPDI-Fu)
- isophorone difurfuryl (IPDI-Fu) (15) is synthesized from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) (13) and furfuryl alcohol (14) in acetone.
- the product can be used, for example, as a crosslinking component for the reversible DA / rDA reaction of maleate-functionalized poly (methyl methacrylate) Compolymeren.
- it may e.g. used in combination with trifunctional cross-linkers to the
- TMDI-Fu trimethylhexamethylene difurfuryl (18) is prepared from 2,2,4-trimethylhexanemethylene diisocyanate (TMDI) (16) and furfuryl alcohol (17) in acetone at reflux.
- furfuryl-modified polymethacrylates were synthesized by way of example.
- a copolymer of butyl methacrylate, methyl metharylate and furfuryl methacrylate was prepared by free radical solution polymerization by free radical solution polymerization and ATRP polymerization.
- the desired polymer can be prepared by the well-known techniques of solution polymerization, suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization, and bulk polymerization and all controlled radical, ionic or coordinative polymerization methods compatible with the desired monomer mixture.
- H 3 C 1, 6-bismaleimide-2,2,4-trimethylhexane (TMD-BMI)
- the TMD-BMI was purchased from Evonik Industries AG / TechnoChemie Dossenheim.
- the laminates are produced in a heated, hydraulic press. They are built up from prepregs layer by layer, whereby usually between 9 to 15 prepregs are pressed into a laminate about 2 mm thick.
- a standard fabric from. WELA is used, which is performed under the trade number 7628.
- This fabric has a basis weight of 202 g / m 2 and is provided for better further processing with a size and a non-explained finish name TF 970.
- the finish generally provides good fiber-matrix adhesion by forming a covalent bond between matrix and tissue.
- an approximately 55% by weight acetone solution consisting of the Diels-Alder starting materials is prepared so that they are combined in molar equivalent of the DA functional groups.
- Diels-Alder educts in this context are meant the dienes from Examples 1 to 6 and 1,6-bismaleimide-2,2,4-trimethylhexane as the dienophile.
- the polymer solution is preferred to each
- the cut glass fiber fabrics are now individually soaked in the polymer solution.
- the tissues are dried at 65 ° C for 1 h in a drying oven, the DA reaction starts and the solvent evaporates.
- the resulting prepreg Materials are storage stable due to their fully crosslinked matrix, but still have sufficient flexibility to be stored in rolled form.
- the prepregs are pressed above the retro-Diels-Alder temperature at about 150 ° C and 150 bar for 1 h. At this temperature, the matrices of the individual prepregs become thermoplastic because the Diels-Alder adduct reversibly cleaves back. At the
- Characterization of matrices, prepregs and laminates The characterization of different matrices, prepregs and laminates is performed by mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which is used to determine the glass transition temperature of the matrices.
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- the mechanical analyzes show, for example, in the tensile test, the stress-strain behavior, the modulus of elasticity and the maximum tensile strength o max and the maximum elongation at break e max of the laminate according to DIN EN ISO 527.
- the three-point bending test according to DIN EN 2563 determines the interlaminar shear strength (ILSF) of the laminate, which also provides information about the fiber-matrix connection.
- the resistance of the laminate against interlaminar shear stress is determined which acts parallel to the individual layers.
- the determination of the Charpy impact strength of the laminate according to DIN ISO 179-1 / 1 eU describes the ability of the laminate to absorb impact energy and dissipate without breaking.
- Table 2 Shear strength of various laminates of 9 prepregs (2mm thickness) based on furfuryl-maleimide.
- Table 3 Mechanical properties of the laminates of 14 prepregs (2 mm) based on polyacrylate furfuryl / bismaleimide.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Other Resins Obtained By Reactions Not Involving Carbon-To-Carbon Unsaturated Bonds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2857218 CA2857218A1 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-06 | Pseudo-thermoplastic, self-crosslinking composites |
| BR112014008332A BR112014008332A2 (pt) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-06 | compósitos pseudotermoplásticos de autorreticulação |
| JP2014543820A JP6141306B2 (ja) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-06 | 擬似熱可塑性の自己架橋性複合材 |
| CN201280048705.XA CN103842415A (zh) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-06 | 假热塑性的自交联性复合材料 |
| EP12790459.7A EP2785772A1 (de) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-06 | Pseudo-thermoplastische, selbstvernetzende composites |
| US14/360,442 US9169363B2 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-06 | Pseudothermoplastic, self-crosslinking composites |
| AU2012344213A AU2012344213B2 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-06 | Pseudothermoplastic, self-crosslinking composites |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE201110087226 DE102011087226A1 (de) | 2011-11-28 | 2011-11-28 | Pseudo-thermoplastische, selbstvernetzende Composites |
| DE102011087226.4 | 2011-11-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2013079286A1 true WO2013079286A1 (de) | 2013-06-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2012/071947 Ceased WO2013079286A1 (de) | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-06 | Pseudo-thermoplastische, selbstvernetzende composites |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9169363B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2785772A1 (de) |
| JP (2) | JP6141306B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN103842415A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2012344213B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR112014008332A2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2857218A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102011087226A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2013079286A1 (de) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2982704A1 (de) | 2014-08-06 | 2016-02-10 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Reversibel vernetzte Polymeremulsionen |
| EP3199575A1 (de) | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-02 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Neuartiger hetero-diels-alder-vernetzer und deren verwendung in reversibel vernetzenden polymersystemen |
| EP3296347A1 (de) | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-21 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Neuartiger dien-baustein für die verwendung in reversibel vernetzenden (hetero-)diels-alder-polymersystemen |
| WO2018054684A1 (de) | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-29 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Neuartiger vernetzer-baustein für die verwendung in reversibel vernetzenden polymersystemen |
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| DE102013204124A1 (de) | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-11 | Evonik Industries Ag | Composite-Halbzeuge und daraus hergestellte Formteile sowie direkt hergestellte Formteile auf Basis von hydroxyfunktionalisierten (Meth)Acrylaten und Uretdionen die mittels Strahlung duroplastisch vernetzt werden |
| CA2930476A1 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-28 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Mouldings based on diene-functionalized (meth)acrylates and (hetero-)diels-alder dienophiles, with reversible crosslinking |
| EP2982503A1 (de) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-10 | Evonik Röhm GmbH | Sandwich-Bauteile aus Poly(Meth)acrylat-basierten Schaumkörpern und reversibel vernetzbaren Composites |
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| CN113308899B (zh) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-05-06 | 东华大学 | 一种表面上浆后的碳纤维及其制备方法和应用 |
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- 2012-11-06 BR BR112014008332A patent/BR112014008332A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-11-06 CN CN201280048705.XA patent/CN103842415A/zh active Pending
- 2012-11-06 CA CA 2857218 patent/CA2857218A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-11-06 JP JP2014543820A patent/JP6141306B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2982704A1 (de) | 2014-08-06 | 2016-02-10 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Reversibel vernetzte Polymeremulsionen |
| WO2016020250A1 (de) * | 2014-08-06 | 2016-02-11 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Kit zur herstellung von composite-halbzeugen umfassend reversibel vernetzte polymeremulsionen |
| US20170218149A1 (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2017-08-03 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Kit for producing composite semi-finished products comprising reversibly crosslinked polymer emulsions |
| JP2017523293A (ja) * | 2014-08-06 | 2017-08-17 | エボニック デグサ ゲーエムベーハーEvonik Degussa GmbH | 可逆的に架橋したポリマーエマルションを含む複合材料半製品を製造するためのキット |
| US10494495B2 (en) | 2014-08-06 | 2019-12-03 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Kit for producing composite semi-finished products comprising reversibly crosslinked polymer emulsions |
| EP3199575A1 (de) | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-02 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Neuartiger hetero-diels-alder-vernetzer und deren verwendung in reversibel vernetzenden polymersystemen |
| WO2017129483A1 (de) | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-03 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Neuartiger hetero-diels-alder-vernetzer und deren verwendung in reversibel vernetzenden polymersystemen |
| EP3296347A1 (de) | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-21 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Neuartiger dien-baustein für die verwendung in reversibel vernetzenden (hetero-)diels-alder-polymersystemen |
| WO2018054684A1 (de) | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-29 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Neuartiger vernetzer-baustein für die verwendung in reversibel vernetzenden polymersystemen |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6425754B2 (ja) | 2018-11-21 |
| US20140323001A1 (en) | 2014-10-30 |
| EP2785772A1 (de) | 2014-10-08 |
| JP2014533772A (ja) | 2014-12-15 |
| US9169363B2 (en) | 2015-10-27 |
| AU2012344213B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
| CN103842415A (zh) | 2014-06-04 |
| CA2857218A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
| DE102011087226A1 (de) | 2013-05-29 |
| JP2017115162A (ja) | 2017-06-29 |
| JP6141306B2 (ja) | 2017-06-07 |
| BR112014008332A2 (pt) | 2017-04-18 |
| AU2012344213A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
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