WO2013078897A1 - Packet decoding method and device for aircraft communication addressing and reporting system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a packet decoding method for an aircraft communication addressing and reporting system (ACARS), the packet comprising a packet header and a packet body; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring packet type related information; determining the packet type according to the packet type related information; and acquiring the packet data in the packet body via the packet template of the determined packet type. The technical solution of the present invention can process different types of packets without re-developing a packet decoding program, reduces the packet decoding program development cost and the maintenance cost incurred by changing packet format and data items, reduces the technical requirements for the personnel involved in packet program maintenance, shortens packet decoding program maintenance time, and further improves operation efficiency and economic benefit for an airline company.

Description

 Message decoding method and device for aircraft communication addressing and reporting system

 The present invention relates to message decoding and, more particularly, to a message decoding method and apparatus for an Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS). Background technique

 ACARS is a digital data link system that transmits short messages (messages) between aircraft and ground stations via radio or satellite. On the aircraft, ACARS consists of an avionics computer called the ACARS Management Unit (MU) and a Control Display Unit (CDU). The MU is used to send and receive VHF radio numbers from the ground. At the ground level, the ACARS system consists of a network of multiple transceivers that accept or transmit data link messages and distribute them to different airlines on the network.

 The message sent by the aircraft is forwarded to the aeronautical company's ground system via the DSP (Data Service Provider) gateway. After receiving the message, the ground system will first parse the header part according to the ARINC 620 specification, and then parse the Free Text part according to this specification. Since the ARINC 620 specification does not specify the content of the message body, each on-board device manufacturer, such as COLLINS, HONEYWELL, TELEDYNE, etc., has its own message body part format. At the same time, each airline will add or reduce data items according to its own needs during the actual application process, which makes the message format of aircraft of different models and different airborne equipments significantly different, and the data specification of the message body is difficult to obtain uniform regulations. . The existing aircraft ACARS 解码 decoding technology solution uses a hard coding method for different message formats to solve this problem, that is, the message decoding algorithm is closely related to the specific airborne equipment.

 Due to the change of the packet format, the existing ACARS packet decoding technology scheme often needs to re-develop the decoding program to adapt to the change of the packet format. The shortcomings are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

- Inflexibility, when the message format changes, the message decoding program is re-modified. The only solution. Therefore, the existing technical solutions cannot realize the customization requirements of a set of decoding procedures for different airlines and different airborne equipment.

 - Restrictions on the types of messages. The messages are classified according to the format, including sequential data structured messages, cyclic data structured messages, and unstructured messages. With the increase in the types of messages applied by aviation companies, the application limitations of existing technical solutions become more and more obvious, and they cannot meet the requirements of rapid deployment of airlines.

 - The maintenance cost is very high. When the airline needs to change the format of the message body content, it needs to re-edit the decoding process, which will bring about a high manpower and time investment, and the maintenance cost is high.

 - Maintenance personnel have high quality requirements. Because the format of the message needs to be coded and developed, the maintenance personnel's business and technical capabilities are extremely high. Summary of the invention

 Messages from different airborne equipment manufacturers (eg, Honeywell ^ Collions, Teledye) have their own format and data item settings, and airlines have customized requirements for formats and data items. Existing aircraft ACARS message decoding technology solutions use different message formats to develop different decoding procedures to meet the needs. For small airlines with a small number of aircraft and a single model, such schemes can meet the requirements temporarily. For large airlines with a large number of aircraft and a wide variety of aircraft, there are hundreds of messages to be faced. The message format and data item customization requirements are also more prominent. The limitations of existing technical solutions are exposed, which creates a huge workload for airline maintenance and, in some cases, affects airline operations.

 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a general packet decoding method and apparatus to adapt to various types of packets, and at the same time support customization of various types of packets, thereby realizing breakthroughs in limitations of prior art solutions. Reduce the cost of air carrier ACARS message decoding application and maintenance.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a message decoding method for an aircraft communication addressing and reporting system (ACARS) is proposed, wherein the message comprises a message header and a message body, and the method comprises the following steps: B. Capture information about the type of message; C. The packet type related information determines the packet type; D. The packet data in the packet body is obtained by using the packet template of the determined packet type.

 According to a second aspect of the present invention, a message decoding apparatus for an aircraft communication addressing and reporting system is provided, wherein the message includes a message header and a message body, and the device includes: a first acquisition device, And the packet type determining device is configured to determine the packet type according to the packet type related information, where the second acquiring device is configured to obtain the packet by using the determined packet type packet template. The message data in the message body.

 The technical solution according to the present invention realizes the infinite expansion of the decoding adaptability of the aircraft ACARS message through the flexible message format configuration, so that the decoding program does not depend on the specific hardware airborne device, and solves many limitations imposed by the prior art solution. And hinder. DRAWINGS

 The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the Detailed Description of Description

 Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an aircraft air-ground link;

 Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of ACARS message decoding in accordance with the present invention.

 3 is a flow chart showing a message decoding method for an aircraft communication addressing and reporting system in accordance with the present invention;

 4 shows a detailed flow chart of a message decoding method for an aircraft communication addressing and reporting system in accordance with a particular embodiment of the present invention;

 Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a message decoding apparatus for an aircraft communication addressing and reporting system in accordance with the present invention.

The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings represent the same or similar components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It is to be understood that the scope of the invention is defined by the language of the claims appended hereto. The detailed description should be construed as merely exemplary, not a description Every possible implementation of the invention, as described with every possible implementation, is impractical, if not impossible. </ RTI></RTI><RTIgt;</RTI><RTIgt;</RTI><RTIgt;</RTI><RTIgt;</RTI><RTIgt;</RTI><RTIgt;

 Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an aircraft air-ground link. As shown in FIG. 1, the aircraft ACARS message mentioned in the present invention refers to a GROUND-TO-GROUND MESSAGE, which is transmitted from a Data Link Service Provider (DSP) to a terrestrial system. Message. This type of message follows the ARINC 620 specification and is the subject of research in the design of the present invention. The four-pass article transmitted by the aircraft to the DSP follows the ARINC 618 specification and is not part of the present invention. The transmission of the ground message includes the uplink message and the downlink message, which is a two-way process.

 For the generic terrestrial message format, the ARINC 620 specification gives the format definitions as shown in Table 1 below:

 Table 1

ARINC 620 specifies the first line, the second line, the third line, the 4-th line, and the message end character for the uplink and downlink packets. This part of the format is usually called the header part of the message. The first part is not customizable. However, there is no requirement for the m-n part of Free Text, which is called the body part of the message. The content of the message body has different definitions between different equipment manufacturers and different airlines. This part of the content is the data part that needs to be concerned about message decoding.

Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of ACARS message decoding in accordance with the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, the ACARS source packet, the corresponding packet template, and the packet syntax are received. Into the message decoding engine. The message template is used to define the structure of the message body, and the structure of the message body is parsed by the message syntax, and then the data of the message body is analyzed and divided to form structured message data.

 Currently, ACARS messages in the ARINC620 format are classified into the following three types according to the data formatting method:

 - Sequential data structured ACARS messages. This type of ACARS message type is the most, such as 0001, POS, WXR, ACMF and most AOC messages developed by airlines. The data in this format message is generally arranged in the following two ways: 1) fixed length programming, 2) delimiter programming. Such messages are highly identifiable, and it is easier to extract accurate information from the body of the message by passing the corresponding message type template.

 - Cyclic data structured ACARS messages, such messages are not too many, mainly appear in the CMCF message, and the format is accumulated according to the "content block" of a certain format until all the transmission contents are over.

 - Unstructured ACARS messages, which have no rules to follow, are manually typed texts, similar to our daily mobile phone text messages, so such messages are only treated as general text descriptions in message decoding. information.

 For the above message types, packet decoding automation will be implemented by the following technical solutions.

Figure 3 shows a flow chart of a message decoding method for ACARS in accordance with the present invention. First, the information about the packet type is obtained. The header of the packet is the content in the first row, the second row, the third row, and the 4-m row in Table 1, and the packet type related information includes the standard. The message identifier (SMI), the machine number, and the embedded information identifier (IMI), where the IMI can be defined by the user or by the airline, specifically, the header and the body of the message are parsed. Secondly, the packet type is determined according to the message type related information. Specifically, after the packet type related information, that is, the standard message identifier (SMI), the machine number, and the embedded information identifier (IMI), the information can be obtained according to the information. Determine the corresponding packet type, and then select the corresponding packet template. Again, after determining the message type and determining the corresponding message template, the determined message type is determined. The packet template is used to obtain the packet data in the packet body. Specifically, the packet data is segmented to extract the specific data in the packet body.

 After the message is decoded to generate structured data, there is no direct data exchange with the terrestrial service system. After the message is decoded, the decoding engine cannot store the data. Data mapping is a bridge to achieve this function. The so-called data mapping is to automatically store the message data into the service table by defining the mapping relationship between the text identifier and the fields in the service table. Therefore, preferably, after the step of acquiring the message data of the weight of the text, the method further comprises the step of storing the acquired message data into the service table according to the mapping relationship.

 4 shows a detailed flow diagram of a message decoding method for an aircraft communication addressing and reporting system in accordance with a particular embodiment of the present invention.

 According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, for example, the ACARS source that receives the sequence structure type is parsed and parsed into the header and the body of the packet as follows:

 QU CANXMCZ

 .BJSXCXA 221205

 M12

 FI CZ123/AN B-8888

 DT BJS CAN 221205 M01A

 - OFF01CSN123 /22221205ZGGGOMDB

 1205 654

Then, the information about the packet type is obtained, that is, the SMI, the machine number and the IMI of the extracted message are respectively "M12", 8888", "OFF" ₀

 Then, the extracted SMI, machine number, and IMI are used to locate the corresponding message template. The message template specifies the meaning and length of each field in the system, and the read class specification is defined by the airline.

 Then, after the message template is verified, the message body decoding analysis is started. Different data is decomposed according to business rules, and these decomposed parameters are collected as the data output part of the message engine.

Then, optionally, the acquired message data is stored in the service table according to the mapping relationship. The packet decoding method of the cyclic structure type ACARS is basically the same as the ACARS packet decoding method of the sequential structure type. The only difference is that the packet decoding engine has the ability to parse the loop message structure, and the solved data is a loop. structure.

 According to another embodiment of the present invention, for example, an ACARS source packet of an unstructured data type is received and parsed into a packet header and a packet body as follows:

 QU CANXMCZ

 .QXSXMXS 221457

 A81

 FI CZ0123/AN B-8888

 DT QXS DAC1 221457 Ml 1 A

 ■ - RECVD WX TKS

 CZ123

 Then, the information about the message type is obtained, that is, the SMI and the machine number of the extracted message are respectively "Α8Γ, , "B-8888".

 Different from the above two types of message decoding, the body part of the message is the information recorded by the cockpit crew from the aircraft. In this example, the information is "RECVD WX TKS CZ123", meaning "CZ123 flight has been received. Meteorological newspaper, thank you. "These information has no fixed business format definition and is prepared by the pilot according to his own language habits. Therefore, such packets need to be parsed.

 Similarly, the parsing process is consistent with the above two types of messages, but the parsing engine has the parsing of message support elements that do not have a clear business specification definition.

 Similarly, optionally, the acquired message data is stored in the service table according to the mapping relationship.

 The present invention has been described above in terms of a method, and the present invention will be further described below based on the perspective of the device.

 Figure 5 shows a block diagram of a message decoding apparatus 50 for an aircraft communication addressing and reporting system in accordance with the present invention.

The ACARS message decoded by the message decoding apparatus 50 for the aircraft communication addressing and reporting system according to the present invention is divided into the following three types according to the data formatting arrangement. Type:

 - Sequential data structured ACARS messages. This type of ACARS message type is the most, such as OOOI, POS, WXR ACMF and most AOC messages developed by airlines. The data in this format message is generally arranged in the following two ways: 1) fixed length programming, 2) delimiter programming. Such messages are highly identifiable, and it is easier to extract accurate information from the body of the message by passing the corresponding message type template.

 ― Cyclic data structured ACARS messages, such messages are not too many, mainly appear in the CMCF message, and the format is accumulated according to the "content block" of a certain format until all the transmission contents are over.

 - Unstructured ACARS messages, which have no rules to follow, are manually typed texts, similar to our daily mobile phone text messages, so such messages are only treated as general text descriptions in message decoding. information.

 Referring to FIG. 5, the message decoding apparatus 50 for an aircraft communication addressing and reporting system includes: a first obtaining means 501, configured to acquire message type related information, and the message type related information includes a standard message identifier (SMI) The machine number and the embedded information identifier (IMI), wherein the IMI may be defined by the user or may be determined by the airline. Specifically, the first obtaining device 501 has a parsing device 5011 for parsing the message header and a packet type determining device 502, configured to determine a packet type according to the packet type related information, specifically, obtain a packet type related information, that is, a standard message identifier (SMI), a machine number, and an embedded information identifier. After the (IMI), the corresponding message type can be determined according to the information, and the corresponding message template can be selected. The second obtaining means 503 is configured to obtain the report by using the packet type of the determined message type. The packet data in the style is determined by the packet template of the determined packet type after determining the packet type and determining the corresponding packet template. Packet data fetch packet body, specifically, the second parameter acquisition means comprising dividing means 5031, for the packet body so as to extract the parameters split specific data packet body.

After the message decoding generates structured data, there is no direct data exchange with the terrestrial service system. After the message is decoded, the decoding engine cannot store the data. The data mapping is real. Now a bridge of this function. The so-called data mapping is to automatically store the message data into the service table by defining a mapping relationship between the text identifier and the fields in the service table. Therefore, the device 50 further includes a data mapping device 504, configured to store the acquired message data into a service table according to a mapping relationship.

 Also, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as by the first acquisition device

501 receives the ACARS source of the sequence structure type and parses it by the parsing device 5011 to the header and the body of the message as follows:

 QU CANXMCZ

 .BJSXCXA 221205

 M12

 FI CZ123/AN B-8888

 DT BJS CAN 221205 M01A

 - OFF01CSN123 /22221205ZGGGOMDB

 1205 654

 Then, the information about the packet type is obtained, that is, the SMI, machine number and IMI of the extracted message are respectively "M12", "B-8888", and "OFF".

 Then, according to the extracted SMI, the machine number and the IMI are determined by the message type determining device 502 to locate the corresponding message template. The message template specifies the meaning and length of each field in the system, and the specification is defined by the airline.

 Then, after verifying the message template, the message body decoding analysis is started. The parameter dividing means 5031 in the second obtaining means 503 decomposes the different data according to the business rules, and collects the decomposed parameters as the data output part of the message engine.

 Subsequently, optionally, the obtained message data is stored in the service table by the data mapping device 504 according to the mapping relationship.

 The message decoding method of the cyclic structure type ACARS is basically the same as the ACARS message decoding method of the sequential structure type. The only difference is that the message decoding engine has the ability to parse the cyclic message structure at the same time, and the solved data is a loop. structure.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, such as by the first obtaining means 501 The ACARS source packet of the unstructured data type is received and parsed by the parsing device 5011 to the header and the body of the packet as follows:

 QU CANXMCZ

 .QXSXMXS 221457

 A81

 FI CZ0123/AN B-8888

 DT QXS DAC1 221457 Mi l A

 - RECVD WX TKS

 CZ123

 Then, the information about the message type is obtained, that is, the SMI and the machine number of the extracted message are respectively "A81" and "B-8888".

 Different from the above two types of message decoding, the body part of the message is the information recorded by the cockpit crew from the aircraft. In this example, the information is "REC VD WX TKS CZ123", meaning "CZ123 flight has been received. To the weather report, thank you. "These information has no fixed business format definition, and is prepared by the pilot according to his own language habits. Therefore, such packets need to be parsed.

 Similarly, the parsing process is consistent with the above two types of messages, but the parsing engine has the parsing of message support elements that do not have a clear business specification definition.

 Similarly, optionally, the obtained message data is stored in the service table by the data mapping device 504 according to the mapping relationship.

 While the invention has been illustrated and described with reference to the embodiments the embodiments

 Other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the <RTIgt; In the claims, the <RTIgt; "comprising"</RTI> does not exclude other elements and steps, and the terms "a" or "an" do not exclude the plural. In the practical application of the invention, a part may perform the functions of the plurality of technical features recited in the claims. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.

Claims

Claim A packet decoding method for an aircraft communication addressing and reporting system, wherein the document includes a header and a message body, and the method includes the following steps:  B. Obtain information about the type of the message;  C. determining a packet type according to the information about the packet type;  D. Obtain packet data in the packet body by using the packet template of the determined packet type.  2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step B comprises:  - Parse the message header and the message body.  The method according to claim 1, wherein the step D comprises: - parameter segmentation of the message body.  The method according to claim 1, wherein after the step D, the method further comprises:  E. The obtained packet data is stored in the service table according to the mapping relationship.  The method according to claim 1, wherein the message type related information comprises a standard message identifier, a machine number, and an embedded information identifier.  The method according to claim 1, wherein the message type is a sequential structured message, a cyclic structured message, and an unstructured message.  7. A message decoding apparatus for an aircraft communication addressing and reporting system, wherein the message comprises a message header and a message body, the device comprising:  a first acquiring device, configured to acquire information about a packet type;  And a packet type determining device, configured to determine a packet type according to the packet type related information, where the second obtaining means is configured to obtain the packet data in the packet body by using the determined packet type packet template.  The device according to claim 7, wherein the first acquiring device comprises: The parsing device is configured to parse the packet header and the packet body. 9. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the second obtaining means comprises:  The parameter dividing device is configured to perform parameter segmentation on the message body.  The device according to claim 7, further comprising: data mapping means, configured to store the acquired message data into a service table according to a mapping relationship.  1 1. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the message type related information comprises a standard message identifier, a machine number, an embedded letter, and an identifier.  The device according to claim 7, wherein the message type is a sequential structured message, a cyclic structured message, and an unstructured message.