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WO2013071797A1 - 用于臂架伸缩机构的保护装置、伸缩臂架和起重机 - Google Patents

用于臂架伸缩机构的保护装置、伸缩臂架和起重机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013071797A1
WO2013071797A1 PCT/CN2012/082079 CN2012082079W WO2013071797A1 WO 2013071797 A1 WO2013071797 A1 WO 2013071797A1 CN 2012082079 W CN2012082079 W CN 2012082079W WO 2013071797 A1 WO2013071797 A1 WO 2013071797A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
protection device
support
telescopic
stop
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2012/082079
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
詹纯新
刘权
张冠勇
王国军
崔寒珑
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hunan Zoomlion Special Vehicle Co Ltd
Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hunan Zoomlion Special Vehicle Co Ltd
Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hunan Zoomlion Special Vehicle Co Ltd, Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Hunan Zoomlion Special Vehicle Co Ltd
Publication of WO2013071797A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013071797A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/705—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic telescoped by hydraulic jacks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of crane booms and, in particular, to a protection device for a boom telescoping mechanism. Further, the present invention also provides a telescopic boom and a crane including the above protective device. Background technique
  • a horizontal bar latch type telescopic boom is often used, which usually includes a fixed arm section and a plurality of movable arm sections.
  • the fixed arm section and the base frame are fixed, and a plurality of movable arm joint layers are sleeved in the fixed arm joint and are extended outward by the telescopic mechanism.
  • the telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder and an automatic latch mechanism.
  • the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is fixed to the bottom end of the fixed arm section, and the cylinder moves in the extending direction of the movable boom.
  • the automatic latch mechanism is fixed to the cylinder, and when the cylinder is moved to the latch position of the arm section to be controlled, the automatic latch mechanism is extended to fix the telescopic mechanism to the arm section.
  • the position signal of the telescopic mechanism is typically monitored by an electromagnetic induction system.
  • An electromagnetic induction type proximity switch is disposed at the automatic latching mechanism of the telescopic mechanism. When the automatic latch mechanism moves to the latch position, the proximity switch can detect the sensing device installed near the pin position, thereby generating a switch amount to control the automatic The latch mechanism extends to secure the telescoping mechanism in the latch position in time.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a protection device for a boom telescopic mechanism that can prevent a telescopic mechanism from rushing out of a tip end of an end movable arm joint.
  • the present invention provides a protection device for a boom telescopic mechanism, the arm frame including a fixed arm segment and a movable arm segment projecting outward from the fixed arm segment, mounted in the arm frame
  • the telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder, wherein the protection device includes a stopper mounted on the movable arm joint, and a support member and a trigger member mounted on the telescopic mechanism, wherein the trigger member is used for starting And moving the stop from an initial position to a working position, the stop being in contact with the support in the operative position.
  • the support member includes a support bracket and an elastic member, the elastic member being disposed outside the support bracket.
  • the support bracket includes a first support plate and a second support plate, the first support plate and the second support plate are connected by a fastener, and the outer side of the second support plate is provided with a groove, The elastic element is fixed in the groove.
  • the elastic element is an elastic plate or a spring
  • the support further comprises a nylon pad, the nylon pad being disposed outside the elastic plate or the spring.
  • the outer side of the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder is provided with a protective guide that moves together with the cylinder, and the trigger member is disposed at the front end of the protective guide.
  • the stopper comprises a shaft, a mounting sleeve, a return spring and a stop flap, the shaft passes through the mounting sleeve and the stop flap, and the return spring is sleeved on the mounting shaft
  • the sleeve is externally configured to control the stop flap to return from the working position to the initial position.
  • a nylon bushing is further disposed between the shaft and the mounting bushing and/or the stop flap.
  • the present invention also provides a telescopic boom comprising the protection device of the present invention. Further, the present invention provides a crane comprising a telescopic boom, wherein the telescopic boom is the telescopic boom of the present invention.
  • the protection device of the present invention utilizes the top end of the movable arm section
  • the mechanical mechanism blocks the telescopic mechanism from escaping out of the telescopic boom.
  • the protection device of the invention adopts a mechanical structure, has high reliability, and has a simple structure and low cost, and is suitable for mass production and wide application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a protection device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a support member in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a stopper according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the stopper of the protection device of the present invention in an initial position
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of the stop of the protective device of the present invention in an operational position. Description of the reference numerals
  • the term “inner and outer” as used herein generally refers to the inside and outside of the arm section of the telescopic boom, and therefore, “inside, outside” refers to the side facing the inside of the arm section. And the side facing the outside of the arm section can also be understood as the retracting direction and the extending direction of the telescopic cylinder of the telescopic mechanism, respectively, and the “top end and the bottom end” respectively refer to the orientation of the respective arm sections of the telescopic boom. One end of the direction and one end toward the retracting direction.
  • the invention provides a protection device for a boom telescopic mechanism, the arm frame comprising a fixed arm joint and a movable arm joint projecting outward from the fixed arm joint, the telescopic mechanism installed in the boom comprises a telescopic a fuel tank, wherein the protection device comprises a stopper 3 mounted on the movable arm joint, and a support member 4 and a trigger member 5 mounted on the telescopic mechanism, wherein the trigger member 5 is used for starting and The stop 3 is moved from an initial position to a working position, the stop 3 being in contact with the support 4 in the working position.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the retaining member 3 of the present invention in an initial position, wherein the cylinder 1 of the telescopic cylinder moves in the direction indicated by the arrow, and when the trigger member 5 comes into contact with the stopper 3 and activates the stopper At 3 o'clock, the stopper 3 is in the operating position as shown in Fig. 5 and is in contact with the support member 4.
  • the present invention prevents the telescopic mechanism from rushing out of the top end of the movable arm section mainly by the contact support between the stopper 3 mounted on the movable arm section and the support member 4 mounted on the telescopic mechanism.
  • the cylinder 1 of the telescopic cylinder moves only inside the arm section.
  • the triggering member 5 does not activate the stopper 3, and the stopper is in the initial position; when the telescopic mechanism is moved to the latching position without timely latching and causing the telescopic mechanism to overshoot, The cylinder 1 of the telescopic cylinder moves toward the top end of the movable arm section.
  • the trigger member 5 activates the stopper 3, and the stopper 3 moves from the initial position to the working position. From It is in contact with the support member 4 to prevent the telescopic mechanism from rushing out of the movable arm section.
  • the triggering member 5 When the telescopic top section movable arm is extended, the telescopic mechanism is far away from the bolt position during the movement, the triggering member 5 does not activate the stopper 3, and the stopper 3 is at the initial position; the telescopic mechanism is moved near the latch position, triggering The member 5 activates the stopper 3, and the stopper 3 moves from the initial position to the working position to be in contact with the support member 4, but only relies on the elastic design in the support member 4 to slow down the speed of the cylinder barrel 1 near the top end of the movable arm joint, and the stop The member 3 does not have a rigid action with the support member 4; when the telescopic mechanism moves to the latch position without timely latching and causes the telescopic mechanism to overshoot, the stop member 3 and the support member 4 are buffered into a rigid collision to prevent the telescopic mechanism from rushing. Go out of the active arm section.
  • the installation position of the support member 4 and the trigger member 5 is not limited, and the present invention forms a stop for the stopper member 3, the support member 4 and the trigger member 5, and the trigger member 5.
  • the method of the piece 3 is not limited.
  • the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings of the specification are highlighted below, but those skilled in the art will also appreciate other suitable alternative embodiments for achieving the objectives of the present invention, for example, the trigger member 5 is activated by means of a proximity switch.
  • the stopper 3, the stopper 3 and the support member 4 may also be in contact with each other by hooking or the like to prevent the telescopic mechanism from punching out the movable arm joint. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the various embodiments that can be implemented, but all the technical means capable of achieving the object of the invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
  • the protection device of the present invention utilizes a mechanical mechanism provided at the tip end of the end movable arm joint to block the telescopic mechanism from punching out of the telescopic boom.
  • the protection device of the invention adopts a mechanical structure, has high reliability, and has a simple structure and low cost, and is suitable for mass production and wide application.
  • the support member 4 includes a support bracket and an elastic member, the elastic member being disposed outside the support bracket.
  • the support member 4 is in the form of a support bracket and an elastic member, as shown in FIG. 1, and the elastic plate 41 is disposed on the outer side of the support bracket, thereby contacting the support member 4 with the stopper member 3. Play a buffering role.
  • the support bracket includes a first support plate 43 and a second support plate 44. The first support plate 43 and the second support plate 44 are connected by a fastener, and the outer side of the second support plate 44 is provided with The groove 45, the elastic member is fixed in the groove 45.
  • the support bracket includes a first support plate 43 and a second support plate 44.
  • the first support plate 43 and the second support plate 44 are connected by fasteners, and the upper end is connected along the edge.
  • a horizontal plate disposed horizontally, the horizontal plate may be integrally formed with the first support plate 43 or the second support plate 44 to vertically limit the other support plate.
  • the transverse plate is preferably integrally connected to the second support plate 44.
  • the outer side surface of the second support plate 44 is provided with a recess 45.
  • the recess 45 is formed by providing a shroud on the outer side surface of the second support plate 44, and the elastic member is fixed to the recess. Thereby, the elastic plate 41 is prevented from being deformed in other directions, and the groove 45 is preferably integrally connected with the second support plate 44.
  • the elastic member is an elastic plate 41 or a spring
  • the support member 4 further includes a nylon spacer 42, which is disposed outside the elastic plate 41 or the spring.
  • the elastic member may be selected from a plurality of elastic members such as an elastic plate 41 and a spring, and in the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings, an elastic plate 41 is employed, which is disposed in parallel with each other.
  • the purpose of providing the nylon spacer 42 on the outer side of the elastic plate 41 or the spring is to prevent the elastic plate 41 or the spring from being worn, and the nylon spacer 42 not only has good elasticity but also wear resistance, and can be good for the elastic plate 41 or the spring. Protection.
  • the outer side of the cylinder 1 of the telescopic cylinder is provided with a guard guide 2 that moves together with the cylinder 1, and the trigger member 5 is disposed at the front end of the guard guide 2.
  • the trigger member 5 is disposed at the front end of the protective guide plate 2, and the front end refers to the protective guide plate 2 is located at the end of the telescopic cylinder in the direction in which the telescopic cylinder is extended, and the support member 4 is installed outside the cylinder tube 2 and is caught in the protection guide plate 2, so that the trigger member 5 first contacts the stopper member 3, so that it can be timely
  • the stopper 3 is activated.
  • the support member 4 should be mounted at a distance from the end of the cylinder 1 which should be adapted to the stop member 3.
  • the stopper 3 comprises a shaft 31, a mounting sleeve 32, a return spring 33 and a stop flap 34, the shaft 31 passing through the mounting sleeve 32 and the stop flap 34, the reset A spring 33 is sleeved over the mounting sleeve 32 to control the stop flap 34 to return from the working position to the initial position.
  • the stopper 3 of the present invention preferably employs a mechanical triggering and moving structure.
  • the stop flap 34 is secured to the top end of the movable arm section by a shaft 31 that passes through the stop flap 34 and also passes through the mounting sleeve 32, which is sleeved
  • a return spring 33 which is capable of returning the stop flap 34 from the working position to the initial position.
  • the mounting boss 32 is disposed on both sides of the stop flap 34, and can be used not only to mount the return spring 33 but also to fix the stop flap 34 in the axial direction.
  • the return springs 33 mounted on the mounting bosses 32 on both sides of the stop flaps 34 are integrally connected to each other, and the connection portion of the return springs 33 is provided on the stop flaps 34. At the contact.
  • the triggering member 5 on the protective guide plate 2 comes into contact with the contact portion of the stop flap 34, so that the stop flap 34 rotates about the shaft 31, and the return spring
  • the deformation of 33 that is, the stop member 3 is moved from the initial position to the working position, the stop portion of the stop flap 34 is in contact with the support member 4, more specifically, the elastic plate 41 of the support member or the nylon pad 42 is contacted.
  • the end of the stop flap 34 can also be caught in the recess 45, so that the contact between the stopper 3 and the support member 4 is stabilized,
  • the cylinder 1 is well limited.
  • a nylon sleeve 35 is also disposed between the shaft 31 and the mounting boss 32 and/or the stop flap 34.
  • the nylon sleeve 35 has good elasticity and wear resistance, the provision of the nylon sleeve 35 between the shaft 31 and the mounting sleeve 32 and/or the stop flap 34 can improve the wear resistance and resistance of the stopper 3. Impact.
  • the present invention also provides a telescopic boom, wherein the telescopic boom includes the protection device of the present invention.
  • the telescopic boom can prevent the telescopic mechanism from being punched out of the telescopic boom through the mechanical structure, and has high reliability, simple structure and low cost, and is suitable for mass production and wide application.
  • the present invention also provides a crane comprising a telescopic boom, wherein the telescopic boom is the telescopic boom of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于臂架伸缩机构的保护装置，安装在所述臂架内的该伸缩机构包括伸缩油缸，其中，该保护装置包括安装在活动臂节上的止挡件（3），以及安装在伸缩机构上的支撑件（4）和触发件（5），其中，触发件（5）用于启动并使得止挡件（3）从初始位置运动到工作位置，止挡件（3）在工作位置下与支撑件（4）接触。一种包括上述保护装置的伸缩臂架。通过上述技术方案，该装置利用设置在末端活动臂节顶端的机械机构来阻挡伸缩机构冲出伸缩臂架之外。

Description

用于臂架伸缩机构的保护装置、 伸缩臂架和起重机 技术领域
本发明涉及起重机臂架领域， 具体地， 涉及一种用于臂架伸缩机构的 保护装置。 另外， 本发明还提供一种包括上述保护装置的伸缩臂架和起重 机。 背景技术
在起重机臂架技术领域中， 常常使用单杠插销式的伸缩臂架， 该伸缩 臂架通常包括固定臂节和多个活动臂节。 在该臂架中， 固定臂节与基架固 定， 多个活动臂节层层套在固定臂节之内， 并通过伸缩机构控制向外伸出。 伸缩机构包括伸缩油缸和自动插销机构， 伸缩油缸的活塞杆固定在固定臂 节的底端， 缸筒在活动臂架的伸出的方向上运动。 自动插销机构固定在缸 筒上， 当缸筒运动到所要控制的臂节的插销位置时自动插销机构伸出从而 将伸缩机构固定在该臂节上。
为了监测何时控制自动插销机构伸出， 通常通过电磁感应系统来监测 伸缩机构的运动位置信号。 在伸缩机构的自动插销机构处设置有电磁感应 式的接近开关， 当自动插销机构运动到插销位置时， 该接近开关能够检测 到安装在该插销位置附近的感应装置， 从而产生开关量来控制自动插销机 构伸出， 以将伸缩机构及时地固定在插销位置。
但是， 伸缩机构在伸缩臂架内部运动时会因为速度过快而无法及时插 销， 进而冲出末端活动臂节的顶端， 由于伸缩臂架之外还设置有其他机构， 这样会导致伸缩机构及其他机构的损坏。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于臂架伸缩机构的保护装置， 该保护装置 能够防止伸缩机构冲出末端活动臂节的顶端。
为了实现上述目的， 本发明提供一种用于臂架伸缩机构的保护装置， 该臂架包括固定臂节和从该固定臂节向外伸出的活动臂节， 安装在所述臂 架内的该伸缩机构包括伸缩油缸， 其中， 该保护装置包括安装在所述活动 臂节上的止挡件， 以及安装在所述伸缩机构上的支撑件和触发件， 其中， 所述触发件用于启动并使得所述止挡件从初始位置运动到工作位置， 所述 止挡件在工作位置下与所述支撑件接触。
优选地， 所述支撑件包括支撑支架和弹性元件， 该弹性元件设置在所 述支撑支架的外侧。
优选地， 所述支撑支架包括第一支撑板和第二支撑板， 该第一支撑板 和第二支撑板通过紧固件连接， 所述第二支撑板的外侧面设置有凹槽， 所 述弹性元件固定在该凹槽中。
优选地， 所述弹性元件为弹性板或弹簧， 所述支撑件还包括尼龙垫块， 该尼龙垫块设置在所述弹性板或弹簧的外侧。
优选地， 所述伸缩油缸的缸筒外侧设置有跟随所述缸筒一起移动的防 护导板， 所述触发件设置在所述防护导向板的前端。
优选地， 所述止挡件包括轴、 安装轴套、 复位弹簧和止挡翻板， 所述 轴穿过所述安装轴套和止挡翻板， 所述复位弹簧套接在所述安装轴套外面 以控制所述止挡翻板从工作位置回复到初始位置。
优选地，所述轴和所述安装轴套和 /或止挡翻板之间还设置有尼龙轴套。 本发明还提供一种伸缩臂架， 该伸缩臂架包括本发明所述的保护装置。 另外， 本发明还提供一种起重机， 该起重机包括伸缩臂架， 其中， 所 述伸缩臂架为本发明所述的伸缩臂架。
通过上述技术方案， 本发明的保护装置利用设置在末端活动臂节顶端 的机械机构来阻挡伸缩机构冲出伸缩臂架之外。 本发明的保护装置采用机 械结构， 可靠性高， 而且结构简单成本低廉， 适合批量产品化生产和广泛 应用。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说 明。 附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解， 并且构成说明书的一部分， 与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明， 但并不构成对本发明的限制 在附图中：
图 1是根据本发明优选实施方式的保护装置的示意图；
图 2是根据本发明优选实施方式的支撑件的分解示意图；
图 3是根据本发明优选实施方式的止挡件的分解示意图；
图 4是本发明的保护装置的止挡件处于初始位置的示意图；
图 5是本发明的保护装置的止挡件处于工作位置的示意图。 附图标记说明
1 缸筒 2 防护导向板
3 止挡件 31 轴
32 安装轴套 33 复位弹簧
34 止挡翻板 35 尼龙轴套
4 支撑件 41 弹性板
42 尼龙垫块 43 第一支撑板
44第二支撑板 45 凹槽 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是， 此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明， 并不用于限制本发 明。
在本发明中， 在未作相反说明的情况下， 使用的方位词如 "内、 外" 通常是指伸缩臂架的臂节的内外， 因此 "内侧、 外侧"指朝向臂节内部的 一侧和朝向臂节外部的一侧， 也可以分别理解为伸缩机构的伸缩油缸缩回 的方向和伸出的方向， 而 "顶端、 底端" 则分别是指伸缩臂架的各个臂节 的朝向伸出方向的一端和朝向缩回方向的一端。
本发明提供一种用于臂架伸缩机构的保护装置， 该臂架包括固定臂节 和从该固定臂节向外伸出的活动臂节， 安装在所述臂架内的该伸缩机构包 括伸缩油缸， 其中， 该保护装置包括安装在所述活动臂节上的止挡件 3， 以 及安装在所述伸缩机构上的支撑件 4和触发件 5， 其中， 所述触发件 5用于 启动并使得所述止挡件 3从初始位置运动到工作位置， 所述止挡件 3在工 作位置下与所述支撑件 4接触。
图 4所示为本发明的保护装置的止挡件 3处于初始位置的示意图， 其 中伸缩油缸的缸筒 1沿箭头所示方向运动， 当触发件 5与止挡件 3接触并 启动止挡件 3时， 止挡件 3处于如图 5所示的工作位置， 并且与支撑件 4 接触。
可见， 本发明主要通过安装在活动臂节上的止挡件 3和安装在伸缩机 构上的支撑件 4之间的接触支撑作用来防止伸缩机构冲出活动臂节的顶端。 在正常工作的时候， 伸缩油缸的缸筒 1 仅在臂节内部运动。 当伸缩非顶节 活动臂时， 触发件 5不会启动止挡件 3， 此时止挡件位于初始位置； 当伸缩 机构在运动到插销位置而没有及时插销并导致伸缩机构过冲的时候， 伸缩 油缸的缸筒 1就会朝向活动臂节的顶端运动， 当缸筒 1接近活动臂节的顶 端时， 触发件 5就启动止挡件 3， 止挡件 3从初始位置运动到工作位置， 从 而与支撑件 4接触， 以防止伸缩机构冲出到活动臂节之外。 当伸缩顶节活 动臂时， 伸缩机构在运动中距插销位置较远位置， 触发件 5 不会启动止挡 件 3， 此时止挡件 3位于初始位置； 伸缩机构在运动靠近插销位置， 触发件 5启动止挡件 3， 止挡件 3从初始位置运动到工作位置， 从而与支撑件 4接 触， 但仅依靠支撑件 4内弹性设计减缓缸筒 1接近活动臂节顶端的速度， 止挡件 3不与支撑件 4发生刚性作用； 伸缩机构在运动到插销位置而没有 及时插销并导致伸缩机构过冲时， 止挡件 3与支撑件 4缓冲接触转化为刚 性碰撞， 以防止伸缩机构冲出到活动臂节之外。
另外， 需要说明的是， 本发明对支撑件 4和触发件 5的安装位置并不 加以限定， 而且本发明对止挡件 3、支撑件 4和触发件 5的形式以及触发件 5启动止挡件 3的方式也不加以限定。在下文中重点介绍了说明书附图中所 示的优选实施方式， 但是本领域技术人员也能够想到其他的适用的替代实 施方式来实现本发明的目的， 例如触发件 5采用接近开关的方式来启动止 挡件 3，止挡件 3和支撑件 4之间也可以采用钩挂等方式相互接触以防止伸 缩机构冲出活动臂节。 因此， 本发明并不详细地对各种可实施的方式进行 限定， 但是所有能够实现发明目的的技术手段都落在本发明的保护范围之 内。
通过上述技术方案， 本发明的保护装置利用设置在末端活动臂节顶端 的机械机构来阻挡伸缩机构冲出伸缩臂架之外。 本发明的保护装置采用机 械结构， 可靠性高， 而且结构简单成本低廉， 适合批量产品化生产和广泛 应用。
优选地， 所述支撑件 4包括支撑支架和弹性元件， 该弹性元件设置在 所述支撑支架的外侧。
在本优选实施方式中， 支撑件 4采用支撑支架和弹性元件的形式， 如 图 1所示， 并且弹性板 41设置在支撑支架的外侧， 从而对支撑件 4与止挡 件 3之间的接触起到缓冲作用。 优选地， 所述支撑支架包括第一支撑板 43和第二支撑板 44， 该第一支 撑板 43和第二支撑板 44通过紧固件连接， 所述第二支撑板 44的外侧面设 置有凹槽 45， 所述弹性元件固定在该凹槽 45中。
在该支撑支架的优选实施方式中， 支撑支架包括第一支撑板 43和第二 支撑板 44， 该第一支撑板 43和第二支撑板 44通过紧固件连接在一起， 并 且上端连接有沿水平方向设置的横板， 该横板可以与第一支撑板 43或第二 支撑板 44形成为一体， 从而对另一支撑板进行竖直方向的限位。 如图 2所 示， 该横板优选地与第二支撑板 44连接为一体。 第二支撑板 44的外侧面 设置有凹槽 45， 如图 2所示的实施方式中该凹槽 45通过在第二支撑板 44 的外侧面上设置围板来形成， 弹性元件固定在凹槽中， 从而防止弹性板 41 在其他方向上发生形变， 并且该凹槽 45优选地与第二支撑板 44连接为一 体。
优选地， 所述弹性元件为弹性板 41或弹簧， 所述支撑件 4还包括尼龙 垫块 42， 该尼龙垫块 42设置在所述弹性板 41或弹簧的外侧。
弹性元件可以选择为多种具有弹性的部件， 例如弹性板 41和弹簧， 附 图中所示的本发明的优选实施方式中采用弹性板 41， 该支撑支架和弹性板 41相互平行地设置。 在弹性板 41或弹簧的外侧设置尼龙垫块 42的目的是 防止弹性板 41或弹簧被磨损， 而尼龙垫块 42不但具有良好的弹性， 而且 耐磨， 可以对弹性板 41或弹簧起到良好的保护作用。
优选地， 所述伸缩油缸的缸筒 1外侧设置有跟随所述缸筒 1一起移动 的防护导板 2， 所述触发件 5设置在所述防护导向板 2的前端。
根据上文所述的实施方式， 由于防护导向板 2套在所述缸筒 1的外面 并随伸缩油缸一起运动， 因此将触发件 5设置在防护导向板 2的前端， 该 前端指防护导向板 2的位于伸缩油缸伸出的方向的末端， 支撑件 4安装在 缸筒 2之外并卡在防护导向板 2之内， 从而使得触发件 5最先接触到止挡 件 3， 这样就能够及时启动止挡件 3。 根据说明书附图中所述的止挡件 3的 优选实施方式， 支撑件 4则应当安装在与缸筒 1的末端相距一定距离处， 该距离应当与止挡件 3相适应。
优选地， 所述止挡件 3包括轴 31、 安装轴套 32、 复位弹簧 33和止挡 翻板 34， 所述轴 31穿过所述安装轴套 32和止挡翻板 34， 所述复位弹簧 33 套接在所述安装轴套 32外面以控制所述止挡翻板 34从工作位置回复到初 始位置。
与上述支撑件 4和触发件 5相适应地， 本发明的止挡件 3优选地采用 机械式的触发和运动的结构。在该优选实施方式中， 止挡翻板 34通过轴 31 固定在活动臂节的顶端， 轴 31不但穿过止挡翻板 34， 而且还穿过安装轴套 32， 该安装轴套 32套接有复位弹簧 33， 该复位弹簧 33能够使止挡翻板 34 从工作位置回复到初始位置。
如图 3所示， 该安装轴套 32设置在止挡翻板 34的两侧， 不但能够用 来安装复位弹簧 33， 还能用于在轴向方向上固定止挡翻板 34。 并且在图 3 所示的实施方式中， 安装在止挡翻板 34两侧的安装轴套 32上的复位弹簧 33为相互连接的一体， 并且复位弹簧 33的连接部设置在止挡翻板 34的接 触部处。
当伸缩机构的缸筒 1朝向活动臂节的顶端运动时， 防护导向板 2上的 触发件 5与止挡翻板 34的接触部相接触， 使得止挡翻板 34绕轴 31旋转， 复位弹簧 33变形， 也就是止挡件 3从初始位置运动到工作位置， 止挡翻板 34的止挡部与支撑件 4接触， 更具体地， 与支撑件的弹性板 41或与尼龙垫 块 42接触， 并且， 此时根据图 1和图 2所示的实施方式， 止挡翻板 34的 末端还能卡在凹槽 45中， 以使止挡件 3和支撑件 4之间的接触稳定， 更好 地对缸筒 1进行限位。 当伸缩机构缩回时， 缸筒 1远离活动臂节的顶端， 防护导向板 2末端的触发件 5与止挡翻板 34的接触部脱离接触， 止挡翻板 34与支撑件 4之间也脱离接触， 这时止挡翻板 34在复位弹簧 33的作用下 复位， 复位弹簧 33也回复原状， 也就是止挡件 3从工作位置运动到初始位 置。
优选地，所述轴 31和所述安装轴套 32和 /或止挡翻板 34之间还设置有 尼龙轴套 35。
由于尼龙轴套 35具有良好的弹性和耐磨性， 因此在轴 31与安装轴套 32和 /或止挡翻板 34之间设置尼龙轴套 35能够提高止挡件 3的耐磨性和抗 冲击性。
本发明还提供了一种伸缩臂架， 其中， 该伸缩臂架包括本发明所述的 保护装置。 该伸缩臂架能够通过机械结构来防止伸缩机构冲出伸缩臂架之 外， 而且可靠性高， 而且结构简单成本低廉， 适合批量产品化生产和广泛 应用。 另外， 本发明还提供了一种起重机， 该起重机包括伸缩臂架， 其中， 所述伸缩臂架为本发明所述的伸缩臂架。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式， 但是， 本发明并不 限于上述实施方式中的具体细节， 在本发明的技术构思范围内， 可以对本 发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型， 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范 围。
另外需要说明的是， 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特 征， 在不矛盾的情况下， 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合， 为了避免不 必要的重复， 本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外， 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合， 只要 其不违背本发明的思想， 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种用于臂架伸缩机构的保护装置， 该臂架包括固定臂节和从该固 定臂节向外伸出的活动臂节， 安装在所述臂架内的该伸缩机构包括伸缩油 缸， 其特征在于， 该保护装置包括安装在所述活动臂节上的止挡件 （3 )， 以及安装在所述伸缩机构上的支撑件 （4) 和触发件 （5 )， 其中， 所述触发 件 （5 ) 用于启动并使得所述止挡件 （3 ) 从初始位置运动到工作位置， 所 述止挡件 （3) 在工作位置下与所述支撑件 （4) 接触。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的保护装置， 其特征在于， 所述支撑件 （4) 包括支撑支架和弹性元件， 该弹性元件设置在所述支撑支架的外侧。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的保护装置， 其特征在于， 所述支撑支架包括 第一支撑板 （43 ) 和第二支撑板 （44)， 该第一支撑板 （43) 和第二支撑板
(44)通过紧固件连接， 所述第二支撑板（44)的外侧面设置有凹槽（45)， 所述弹性元件固定在该凹槽 （45) 中。
4、 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的保护装置， 其特征在于， 所述弹性元件 为弹性板 （41 ) 或弹簧， 所述支撑件 （4) 还包括尼龙垫块 （42)， 该尼龙 垫块 （42) 设置在所述弹性板 （41 ) 或弹簧的外侧。
5、 根据权利要求 1-3中任意一项所述的保护装置， 其特征在于， 所述 伸缩油缸的缸筒 （1 ) 外侧设置有跟随所述缸筒 （1 ) 一起移动的防护导板
(2)， 所述触发件 （5 ) 设置在所述防护导向板 （2) 的前端。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的保护装置， 其特征在于， 所述止挡件 （3 ) 包括轴 （31 )、 安装轴套 （32)、 复位弹簧 （33 ) 和止挡翻板 （34)， 所述轴 (31) 穿过所述安装轴套 （32) 和止挡翻板 （34)， 所述复位弹簧 （33) 套 接在所述安装轴套 （32) 外面以控制所述止挡翻板 （34) 从工作位置回复 到初始位置。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的保护装置， 其特征在于， 所述轴 （31) 和所 述安装轴套 （32) 和 /或止挡翻板 （34) 之间还设置有尼龙轴套 （35)。
8、 一种伸缩臂架， 其特征在于， 该伸缩臂架包括上述权利要求 1-7所 述的保护装置。
9、 一种起重机， 该起重机包括伸缩臂架， 其特征在于， 所述伸缩臂架
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