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WO2013064203A1 - Cellule d'accumulation d'énergie et dispositif d'accumulation d'énergie comprenant plusieurs cellules d'accumulation d'énergie de ce type - Google Patents

Cellule d'accumulation d'énergie et dispositif d'accumulation d'énergie comprenant plusieurs cellules d'accumulation d'énergie de ce type Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013064203A1
WO2013064203A1 PCT/EP2012/004138 EP2012004138W WO2013064203A1 WO 2013064203 A1 WO2013064203 A1 WO 2013064203A1 EP 2012004138 W EP2012004138 W EP 2012004138W WO 2013064203 A1 WO2013064203 A1 WO 2013064203A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy storage
cell
storage cell
electrode stack
envelope
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2012/004138
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tim Schaefer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Li Tec Battery GmbH
Original Assignee
Li Tec Battery GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Li Tec Battery GmbH filed Critical Li Tec Battery GmbH
Priority to EP12772723.8A priority Critical patent/EP2774193A1/fr
Publication of WO2013064203A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013064203A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an energy storage cell, in particular an electrochemical energy storage cell, and to an energy storage device having a plurality of such energy storage cells.
  • Electrochemical energy storage devices typically include at least one electrochemical energy storage cell (often referred to as an electrochemical or galvanic cell).
  • an electrochemical energy storage cell has at least one electrode stack with an arrangement of at least two electrodes and an electrolyte arranged between them, which is arranged within a cell envelope or at least partially enclosed by such.
  • the two electrodes or electrode groups of the electrode stack are each connected or formed in an electrically conductive manner with a current conductor, which is arranged at least partially outside the cell envelope and serves to transport electrical energy into the energy storage cell or out of the energy storage cell.
  • the current conductors are in turn each connected to an electrically conductive cell terminal, which serves the electrical connection of the energy storage cell, for example in an energy storage device having a plurality of energy storage cells.
  • the problem with such energy storage cell or devices is the handling of defective or possibly defective systems. If the proper functioning of the energy storage device or its cells is questionable or there is a potential danger, handling (transportation, etc.) by a user is hazardous or even prohibited by law.
  • the energy storage cells contain a critical state of charge with a high voltage value. Similar problems arise in the case of maintenance and repair work on, for example, a vehicle having a battery assembly with such energy storage devices.
  • the energy storage cell of the invention comprises at least one electrode stack disposed within a cell envelope; a first cell terminal, which is arranged at least partially outside the cell envelope and is electrically conductively connected to the at least one electrode stack via at least one first current conductor; and a second cell terminal, which is arranged at least partially outside the cell envelope and is electrically conductively connected to the at least one electrode stack via at least one second current conductor.
  • the energy storage cell further comprises at least one electrical load which is connected in parallel to the at least one electrode stack - -
  • At least one switching device which is connected in series with the at least one electrical load, wherein the at least one switching device is controllable to discharge the at least one electrode stack via the at least one electrical load.
  • the energy storage cell according to the invention has a series connection of at least one electrical load and at least one switching device, wherein the at least one electrical load is connected in parallel to the at least one electrode stack of the energy storage cell.
  • the switching device can be controlled such that the at least one electrode stack is discharged via the at least one electrical load.
  • the energy storage cell and thus an energy storage device with this energy storage cell can be converted into a safe operating state with a low operating voltage. This is for example for the transport of such energy storage devices or for maintenance and repair work, for example on motor vehicles advantage.
  • This advantageous discharge function of the energy storage cell is inventively integrated into the energy storage cell. That the user does not need any additional components that he would have to connect to the energy storage cell or energy storage device for transferring the energy storage cell in a safe state. This simplifies the handling of the energy storage cell or device for the user and thus also increases his safety. Due to the integration of the discharge function in the energy storage cell, there is also the possibility of automatic discharge, in particular by a control device of the energy storage device, without a user having to intervene. This also increases the security for the user and the environment.
  • the inventive construction also opens up the possibility of the energy storage cell or individual energy storage cells within a At least partially discharge energy storage device when needed to reduce their current operating voltage.
  • the individual maximum voltage upper limit of the energy storage cell can be maintained during or after charging processes. In this way, the service life of the individual energy storage cells can be increased.
  • an energy storage device is understood as meaning a device which is capable of picking up, storing and releasing in particular electrical energy, in particular by utilizing electrochemical processes.
  • an energy storage cell is understood within the meaning of the invention, a self-contained functional unit of the energy storage device, which in itself is also able to absorb electrical energy, store and release again, in particular by utilizing electrochemical processes.
  • An energy storage device according to the invention may comprise an energy storage cell or a plurality of energy storage cells.
  • An energy storage cell for example, but not just a galvanic primary or secondary cell (in the context of this application primary and secondary cells are indiscriminately referred to as battery cells and an energy storage device constructed therefrom as a battery or battery assembly), a fuel cell, a high power capacitor or an energy storage cell of another kind be.
  • an energy storage cell is to be understood as meaning an electrochemical energy storage cell which stores energy in chemical form, delivers it in electrical form to a consumer and preferably can also receive it in electrical form from a charging device.
  • electrochemical energy stores are galvanic cells and fuel cells.
  • An electrochemical energy storage cell preferably has an active area or part in which electrochemical conversion and storage processes take place, and a (cell) enclosure for encapsulating the active part from the environment.
  • the active part preferably has an electrode stack which is formed from an electrode arrangement of electrodes, active layers, separator layers and an electrolyte accommodated by the separator layers.
  • the electrodes are preferably plate-shaped or foil-like and are preferably arranged substantially parallel to one another (prismatic energy storage cells).
  • the electrode assembly may also be wound and have a substantially cylindrical shape (cylindrical energy storage cells).
  • the term electrode stack should also include such electrode coils.
  • the active layers and separator layers may be provided at least partially as self-contained foil blanks or as coatings of the electrodes.
  • the electrolyte of the energy storage cell preferably contains lithium ions.
  • the cell envelope in this context is a device which is suitable for preventing the escape of chemicals from the electrode stack into the environment and for protecting the components of the electrode stack from damaging external influences.
  • the cell envelope may be formed from one or more moldings and / or film-like. Further, the cell envelope may be single-layered or multi-layered.
  • the cell envelope is preferably formed from a gas-tight and electrically insulating material or layer composite.
  • An (electrochemical) energy storage cell is preferably provided with at least two current conductors (at least one first current collector and at least one second current collector). These current conductors are each electrically connected to electrodes of the electrode stack of the energy storage cell or formed by them themselves. Under a current collector is intended in the context of the invention, both a separate component, which with the - -
  • Electrodes of the energy storage cell is electrically conductively connected, as well as understood by the electrodes themselves Stromableiter understood.
  • the current conductors of the energy storage cell each connect the electrode stack to a cell connection, which is in each case arranged at least partially outside the cell envelope.
  • the cell terminals can both be separate components, which are electrically conductively connected to the current conductors, and can also be formed integrally with the current conductors.
  • the cell connections serve as electrical poles of the energy storage cell.
  • the cell connections each serve for the electrical connection of the energy storage cell in an energy storage device or battery arrangement. If the energy storage cell is installed in a metal housing, the first and second cell terminals are preferably electrically insulated from this metal housing; Optionally, one of the two cell connections can also be formed by the metal housing itself.
  • An electrical consumer as part of the energy storage cell is within the meaning of the invention any type of consumer that consumes electrical energy when connected to the electrode stack.
  • the electrical load is preferably an electrical resistor, preferably designed as a PTC thermistor, or a radiator that converts and emits the electrical energy into electromagnetic radiation. In addition to the electromagnetic radiation, the electrical consumer generally also emits heat energy in particular.
  • the electrical load is preferably formed low impedance (order of several milliohms to a few ohms). In this case, it should be distinguished from the electrical load of the energy storage cell in particular an external electrical load which is supplied by the energy storage cell or the entire battery arrangement.
  • the at least one electrical load is preferably dependent on the maximum operating voltage of the energy storage cell, the maximum - -
  • the switching device is to be understood as any type of switching device which can be controlled in such a way that the electrical load is connected to the electrode stack so that the electrode stack discharges via the electrical consumer.
  • the switching device is preferably controlled wirelessly (for example by radio) or is connected to a control device by means of signal lines.
  • the switching device is preferably a switching device that can be switched between a first switching state (for the normal operating state of the energy storage cell) and a second switching state (for discharging the electrode stack). In the context of the invention, however, switching devices with more than two switching states are also possible.
  • switching device in this context includes both switching devices that can be switched only once (in the switching state for discharging the electrode stack), as well as switching devices that between the switching states for the normal operation of the energy storage cell and for discharging the electrode stack (multiple) can be switched back and forth.
  • the switching device preferably includes one, two or more suitable switching elements.
  • the at least one electrode stack comprises one, two or more electrode stacks within the cell envelope.
  • the at least one first current conductor comprises one, two or more current conductors, wherein preferably each of the at least one electrode stack is connected to the first cell terminal via at least one first current conductor.
  • the at least one second current conductor comprises one, two or more current conductors, wherein preferably each of the at least one electrode stack is connected to the second cell terminal via at least one second current conductor.
  • the at least one electrical load comprises one, two - -
  • the at least one switching device comprises one, two or more switching devices.
  • the energy storage cell has a third cell connection, which is arranged at least partially outside the cell envelope and is electrically conductively connected to the at least one electrode stack via the first or the second current conductor.
  • This third cell terminal is connected in series with the at least one electrical load.
  • the at least one switching device may optionally be arranged outside the cell envelope or within the cell envelope. In the case of multiple switching devices, one switching device can also be arranged outside the cell envelope, while another switching device is arranged inside the cell envelope.
  • the at least one switching device can be controlled in such a way that the at least one electrode stack is disconnected from the first or the second cell connection (CID, current interrupt device).
  • the energy storage cell can be taken out of service and be bridged, for example, within an energy storage device.
  • the energy storage cell emits electrical energy, whereby the security for the user and the environment can be further increased.
  • Memory cell can be dispensed with separate bypass circuits outside the energy storage cells in the battery assembly.
  • the at least one switching device may have a switching device for switching on the discharge function and a further switching device for separating the one cell connection or a switching device both for switching on the discharging function and for disconnecting the one cell connection.
  • the separation of the one cell connection from the electrode stack can optionally be effected together with the switching on of the discharge function or separately therefrom.
  • the at least one electrical load may optionally be located at least partially outside the cell envelope or within the cell envelope. In the case of multiple electrical loads, an electrical load may also be disposed at least partially outside the cell enclosure, while another electrical load may be located within the cell enclosure.
  • the at least one electrical load is connected to a cooling device.
  • This cooling device is preferably a cooling device of the energy storage cell, particularly preferably an already existing cooling device of the energy storage cell. The cooling device should in particular limit or prevent heating or overheating of the energy storage cell.
  • the energy storage cell has at least one measuring device for detecting at least one operating parameter of the energy storage cell, which is arranged inside the cell casing, wherein the measuring signals of this at least one measuring device at the third cell connection and possibly the first or second cell connection issue. If the discharge of the energy storage cell - -
  • the measurement signals of the measuring device can be tapped on the third cell connection or on the third and the first / second cell connection in a simple manner.
  • Another measuring connection can preferably be omitted.
  • the at least one operating parameter of the energy storage cell is preferably a temperature within the energy storage cell, a state of charge of the energy storage cell, a pressure within the energy storage cell, a temperature of the electrical consumer and the like.
  • a measuring device for detecting at least one operating parameter can also be provided within the cell envelope if no third cell connection is present.
  • the transmission of the signals of the measuring device preferably takes place wirelessly (for example by radio).
  • the energy storage cell of the present invention is advantageously used in an energy storage device, in particular an electrochemical energy storage device having a plurality of energy storage cells.
  • the energy storage cell then preferably has a control device for driving the switching devices of the energy storage cells.
  • the energy storage cells are each assigned a bridging device for bridging the respective energy storage cell, in particular connected in parallel.
  • the energy storage device has a display device for displaying a charge state and / or a hazardous state of the energy storage cells.
  • This display device is preferably coupled to the control device of the energy storage cell.
  • the states can preferably be given the states "safe", “uncertain” and “potentially” - -
  • the display device comprises optical and / or acoustic display devices.
  • the energy storage cell or energy storage device according to the invention is preferably used in a motor vehicle with an electric drive or a hybrid drive.
  • the invention is described in connection with lithium-ion batteries for the supply of motor vehicle drives. It should be noted, however, that the invention can also be used regardless of the type of battery or regardless of the type of powered drive.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of an energy storage cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention; a simplified block diagram of an energy storage cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention; a simplified block diagram of an energy storage cell according to a third embodiment of the present invention; a simplified block diagram of an energy storage cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; a simplified block diagram of an energy storage cell according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention; a simplified block diagram of an energy storage cell according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention; - -
  • FIG. 7 is a simplified block diagram of an energy storage cell according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a simplified block diagram of an energy storage device having a plurality of energy storage cells according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electronic energy storage cell 10 using the example of a lithium-ion battery according to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the energy storage cell 10 has at least one electrode stack 12 arranged within a cell envelope 11. Furthermore, the energy storage cell 10 has a first cell terminal 14 as a negative pole of the cell and a second cell terminal 16 as a positive pole of the cell.
  • the first cell terminal 14 is electrically conductively connected to the electrode stack 12 via a first current conductor 18, and the second cell terminal 16 is electrically conductively connected to the electrode stack 12 via a second current conductor 20, so that the electrode stack 12 of the energy storage cell 10 is connected via the two cell terminals 14, 16 can be charged and discharged.
  • the first current conductor 18 is electrically conductively connected to the second current conductor 20 within the cell envelope 1 1 via an internal connection line 22.
  • this connecting line 22 is a series circuit of an electrical load 24 in the form of a resistor (eg PTC thermistor or PTC resistor) and a switching device 26 is provided in the form of a simple switch.
  • the series circuit of consumer 24 and switching device 26 is connected in parallel to the electrode stack 12.
  • the switching device 26 is open, so that the load 24 is not connected to the electrode stack 12.
  • the energy storage cell 10 can therefore be charged and discharged in a known manner via the first and second cell terminals 14, 16.
  • the energy storage cell 10 can be discharged in a targeted manner without further aids.
  • the switching device 26 is driven closed, so that the load 24 is connected to the electrode stack 12. Through this consumer 24 then flows current from the electrode stack 12, which converts this into heat energy and releases.
  • the Elektrodestapel 12 can be discharged via the load 24, wherein at the two cell terminals 14, 16 no energy is tapped.
  • the electrical load 24 converts the electrical energy from the electrode stack 12 into electromagnetic radiation.
  • the switching device 26 is driven open again to disconnect the load 24 from the electrode stack 12.
  • Fig. 2 shows an electronic energy storage cell 10 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the same or corresponding components are identified by the same reference numerals as in the above first embodiment.
  • the energy storage cell 10 of this embodiment additionally includes a cooling device 28, with which the electrical load 24 is connected, that is in thermal contact.
  • the resulting heat during the discharging process via the consumer 24 can thus be dissipated via the cooling device 28. In this way - -
  • the cooling device 28 is a heat sink which is arranged at least partially within the cell envelope 11, or a metal housing around the energy storage cell 10.
  • this energy storage cell 10 correspond to those of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows an electronic energy storage cell 10 according to a third exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the same or corresponding components are identified by the same reference numerals as in the above embodiments.
  • the switching device 32 of this energy storage cell 10 is not arranged in the connecting line 22, but at a node of the connecting line 22 with the first current collector 32nd
  • the switching device 32 is configured and controllable such that it closes the connection of the first current conductor 18 to the first cell terminal 14 for normal operation of the energy storage cell 10 and at the same time separates the internal connection line 22 from the first current conductor 18. For discharging the electrode stack 12 via the electrical load 24, this switching device 32 disconnects the first current conductor 18 from the first cell terminal 14 and at the same time closes the connection of the internal connection line 22 to the first current conductor 18. This switching device 32 thus not only discharges the electrode stack 12 switched on via the consumer 24, but at the same time a separation of a cell connection (here the first cell connection - -
  • the switching device illustrated in Fig. 3 may optionally also be provided in addition to the switching device 26 in the internal connection line 26 (see Fig. 1 and 2).
  • this energy storage cell 10 correspond to those of the above embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows an electronic energy storage cell 10 according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the same or corresponding components are identified by the same reference numerals as in the above embodiments.
  • the switching device 26 and the electrical load 24 are arranged outside the cell envelope 11.
  • the energy storage cell 10 has a third cell connection 34.
  • This third cell terminal 34 protrudes at least partially out of the cell envelope 1 1 and is connected via a connecting line 36 to the first current conductor 18. Outside the cell envelope 1 1, the third cell connection 34 is connected to the second cell connection 16 via an external connection line 38, in which the series circuit comprising the switching device 26 and the consumer 24 is arranged.
  • the load 24 is connected in parallel to the electrode stack 12 so that it can be discharged via the load 24 when the switching device 26 is driven closed.
  • the arrangement of the electrical load 24 outside the cell envelope 1 1 has over the embodiments with a disposed within the cell envelope 1 1 consumer 24 has the advantage that the heat development of the consumer 24 takes place outside the cell envelope 11 and can be better dissipated.
  • the consumer 24 can be additionally connected to a cooling device.
  • the remaining components and functions of this energy storage cell 10 correspond to those of the above embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the third terminal 34 can also be connected within the cell envelope 11 to the second current arrester 20, in which case the third terminal 34 outside the cell envelope 1 1 via the external connecting line 38 to the consumer 24 and the switching device 26 is to be connected to the first cell terminal 14.
  • 5 shows an electronic energy storage cell 10 according to a fifth exemplary embodiment of the invention. The same or corresponding components are identified by the same reference numerals as in the above embodiments.
  • the switching device 26 is arranged in the connection line 36 between the third connection 34 and the first current conductor 18 within the cell envelope 11.
  • the electrical load 24 is further arranged in the external connection line 38 between the third cell connection 34 and the second cell connection 16 outside the cell envelope.
  • this energy storage cell 10 correspond to those of the above embodiment of FIG. 4.
  • the load 24 in the lead 36 may be disposed between the third terminal 34 and the first current conductor 18 within the cell sheath 11, while the switching device 26 in the external lead 38 may be disposed between the third cell terminals 34 and the second cell terminal 16 is disposed outside the cell envelope.
  • FIG. 6 shows an electronic energy storage cell 10 according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
  • the same or corresponding components are identified by the same reference numerals as in the above embodiments.
  • the sixth embodiment is based on a combination of the fifth embodiment of Fig. 5 with the third embodiment of Fig. 3.
  • a switching device 32 at the junction between the connecting line 36 and the first current collector 18 is provided.
  • this energy storage cell 10 correspond to those of the above embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • Fig. 7 shows an electronic energy storage cell 10 according to a seventh embodiment of the invention.
  • the same or corresponding components are identified by the same reference numerals as in the above embodiments.
  • Device 40 for detecting an operating parameter of the energy storage cell (e.g., internal temperature).
  • such a measuring device 40 may be provided in all embodiments of the energy storage cell, but in those with a third cell connection 34 there is a particular advantage. If a third cell connection 34 is present, the measuring device 40 in the cell envelope 1 1 can be connected to the first cell connection 14 and the third cell connection 34 via signal lines 42, 44. Then, the measuring signals of the measuring device 40 during normal operation of the energy storage cell 10, i. when the switching device 26 is openly controlled, it can be tapped off via the first and the third cell connection 14, 34. An additional measuring signal connection to the energy storage cell 10 can thus be dispensed with. The remaining components and functions of this energy storage cell 10 correspond to those of the above embodiment of FIG. 4.
  • the signal lines 42, 44 of the measuring device 40 may alternatively also be connected to the third cell terminal 34 and the second cell terminal 16. Furthermore, depending on the measuring device 40, it is also conceivable to provide only one signal line 44 to the third cell connection 34.
  • the measuring device 40 can also be used with the energy storage cells 10 shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 with a third cell connection 34.
  • FIG. 8 shows an energy storage device having a plurality of (in this example three) series-connected energy storage cells 10 according to the invention. All energy storage cells 10 have in particular at least one electrode stack 12 and a discharge circuit 24, 26/32.
  • bridging devices 46 are preferably connected in parallel to the energy storage cells 10 in order to "remove" a defective energy storage cell from the series circuit as required and to continue the normal operation of the remaining energy storage cells 10 of the energy storage device to be able to.
  • the energy storage device of FIG. 8 further includes a controller 48.
  • This control device 48 is connected to the energy storage cells 10, in particular to control their switching devices 26, 32 and to tap the measuring signals of their measuring devices 40.
  • this control device 48 possibly also controls the bridging devices 46 to the individual energy storage cells 10.
  • the controller 48 is connected to a display device 50.
  • This display device 50 is intended to indicate to the user of the energy storage device a state of charge of the energy storage cells 10 and in particular also a state of danger of the energy storage device or its energy storage cells 10. Possible hazard states are, for example, "safe”, “potentially unsafe” and “insecure”, which can be displayed to the user as traffic light colors, for example.
  • a discharge process of the electrode stacks 12 of all or only the (possibly) defective energy storage cells 10 is initiated via the control device 48 automatically or by the user - -
  • the drop in the operating charge of an energy storage cell to a sufficiently low level can be determined, for example, if, after an actuation of the switching device 26, 32 a predetermined time interval with an increased temperature at the consumer 24 has expired and then a predetermined temperature drop has occurred.
  • the internal discharge circuits 24, 26/32 of the energy storage cells 10 it is possible to use the internal discharge circuits 24, 26/32 of the energy storage cells 10 to set the plurality of energy storage cells of an energy storage device to a substantially same charge level or to limit a state of charge of the energy storage cells by discharging over a predetermined threshold energy storage cells charged to a certain level become. In this way, the operating life of the energy storage cells 10 can be increased.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne une cellule d'accumulation d'énergie (10) comprenant au moins une pile d'électrodes (12) disposée à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe de cellule (11), un premier raccord de cellule (14) disposé au moins en partie à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe de cellule (11) et relié de manière électroconductrice par au moins un premier dérivateur de courant (18) à la ou aux piles d'électrode (12), et un deuxième raccord de cellule (16) disposé au moins en partie à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe de cellule (11) et relié de manière électroconductrice par au moins un second dérivateur de courant (20) à la ou aux piles d'électrodes (12). La cellule d'accumulation d'énergie (10) comprend en outre au moins un consommateur électrique (24), par exemple sous la forme d'une résistance, monté parallèlement à la ou aux piles d'électrodes (12), et au moins un dispositif de commande (26, 32) monté en série avec le ou les consommateurs électriques (24), le ou les dispositifs de commande (26, 32) pouvant être commandés afin de décharger la ou les piles d'électrodes (12) par l'intermédiaire du ou des consommateurs électriques (24). De préférence, encore un troisième raccord de cellule (34) est disposé au moins en partie à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe de cellule (11) et relié de manière électroconductrice à la ou aux piles d'électrodes par le premier ou le second dérivateur de courant (18, 20), ce troisième raccord de cellule (34) étant monté en série avec le ou les consommateurs électriques (24).
PCT/EP2012/004138 2011-11-02 2012-10-02 Cellule d'accumulation d'énergie et dispositif d'accumulation d'énergie comprenant plusieurs cellules d'accumulation d'énergie de ce type Ceased WO2013064203A1 (fr)

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DE201110117474 DE102011117474A1 (de) 2011-11-02 2011-11-02 Energiespeicherzelle und Energiespeichervorrichtung mit mehreren solchen Energiespeicherzellen
DE102011117474.9 2011-11-02

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WO2014196917A1 (fr) * 2013-06-07 2014-12-11 Autoliv Development Ab Système de déconnexion d'un module de batterie

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DE102013004658B4 (de) * 2013-03-16 2022-04-21 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Batteriezelle und Verwendung der Batteriezelle in einem Pkw, der ein Elektro- oder Hybridfahrzeug ist, oder in einer stationären Einrichtung
DE102013226347A1 (de) 2013-12-18 2015-06-18 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Schutzanordnung für eine elektrische Energiespeichervorrichtung
DE102014005745B4 (de) * 2014-04-17 2023-11-09 Infineon Technologies Ag Batteriezelle
DE102015002147B3 (de) 2015-02-18 2016-06-09 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Fertigen einer Batterie, Batterie und Kraftfahrzeug
DE102015002069B4 (de) * 2015-02-18 2022-01-27 Audi Ag Batterie und Kraftfahrzeug

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WO2014196917A1 (fr) * 2013-06-07 2014-12-11 Autoliv Development Ab Système de déconnexion d'un module de batterie
US9789782B2 (en) 2013-06-07 2017-10-17 Autoliv Development Ab Battery module disconnect arrangement

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DE102011117474A1 (de) 2013-05-02

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