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WO2013054869A1 - Miroir pour réflexion de lumière solaire, et dispositif de réflexion pour génération d'énergie thermique solaire - Google Patents

Miroir pour réflexion de lumière solaire, et dispositif de réflexion pour génération d'énergie thermique solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013054869A1
WO2013054869A1 PCT/JP2012/076407 JP2012076407W WO2013054869A1 WO 2013054869 A1 WO2013054869 A1 WO 2013054869A1 JP 2012076407 W JP2012076407 W JP 2012076407W WO 2013054869 A1 WO2013054869 A1 WO 2013054869A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mirror
film
layer
film mirror
resin
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2012/076407
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
江黒　弥生
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Konica Minolta Advanced Layers Inc
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Konica Minolta Advanced Layers Inc
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Publication of WO2013054869A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013054869A1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors
    • G02B5/0808—Mirrors having a single reflecting layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/82—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors characterised by the material or the construction of the reflector
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors
    • G02B5/10—Mirrors with curved faces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solar reflective mirror and a solar power generation reflector.
  • Solar energy can be considered as one of the stable and abundant natural energies as alternative energy for fossil fuels.
  • the vast desert spreads near the equator which is called the world's sun belt, and the solar energy that falls down here is truly inexhaustible.
  • energy of as much as 7,000 GW can be obtained using only a few percent of the desert that extends to the southeastern United States.
  • using only a few percent of the Arabian peninsula and the deserts of North Africa can cover all the energy used by all centuries.
  • Patent Document 1 a resin film mirror instead of a glass mirror
  • the first problem is a problem in the production stage of the film mirror.
  • a roll-to-roll system that continuously forms a film, but if the surface of the film mirror is too smooth, the film mirror is wound into a roll.
  • a phenomenon called blocking in which film mirrors stick to each other is caused, and productivity is deteriorated.
  • the present inventors roughen the surface of the film mirror by roughening the surface to such an extent that sticking does not occur, for example, by adding a filler, or roughen the surface using a release sheet with unevenness. And found that the first problem can be solved.
  • the present invention can prevent a reduction in reflection efficiency due to surface roughness while having high productivity as a film mirror and antifouling properties against fingerprints, and the film mirror is bonded to a substrate. It is possible to prevent the reflection efficiency from decreasing due to the influence of air bubbles and the surface and flatness of the film mirror and substrate itself.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a solar reflective mirror and a solar thermal power generation reflection device that can obtain a mirror having high reflection efficiency that can cope with poor surface properties and flatness.
  • the solar reflective mirror according to claim 1 is a solar reflective mirror having a film mirror in which a reflective layer is provided on a planar resin film-like support, and a base material.
  • the film mirror is joined, the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the solar reflective mirror is 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 0.1 ⁇ m or less, and the film mirror has a concave shape. It is characterized by.
  • the film mirror since the film mirror is flat, the film mirror can be wound into a roll during transportation, and the film mirror itself is lightweight in the first place, thus reducing transportation costs from the viewpoint of volume and mass. Can contribute. Furthermore, since the surface roughness Ra is 0.01 ⁇ m or more, dirt such as fingerprints is difficult to adhere, and in the production stage of film mirrors, a roll-to-roll system that continuously forms films by utilizing its flatness is used. Even when the film mirror is wound, sticking such as blocking when the film mirror is wound into a roll can be prevented. In addition, since the film mirror has a concave shape (because the film mirror is used in a concave shape), it is possible to prevent a decrease in reflection efficiency due to the surface roughness of 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the main causes that cause a decrease in reflection efficiency can be broadly classified into two types of unevenness.
  • the first is small unevenness detected as a high-frequency component with an unevenness period of 1000 ⁇ m or less, such as the surface roughness of the film mirror itself or the surface roughness of the substrate itself based on the surface unevenness caused by filler, release sheet, etc. These have a strong influence on causing light scattering.
  • the other is a large unevenness (swell) detected as a low frequency component with a period of unevenness of greater than 1000 ⁇ m, including entrainment of bubbles when the film mirror is bonded to the substrate, the swell of the film mirror itself,
  • the surface accuracy due to the warpage of the base material itself can be mentioned, and these have a strong influence on the decrease in regular reflectance.
  • the reduction in the reflection efficiency due to scattering is solved by making the film mirror into a concave shape.
  • the reflection efficiency based on the decrease in regular reflectance caused by the entrainment of air bubbles when the film mirror is bonded to the base material, the undulation of the film mirror itself, and the warpage of the base material itself. This problem is also solved by making the film mirror into a concave shape.
  • a solar reflective mirror capable of preventing a reduction in reflection efficiency due to unevenness while achieving high productivity, reduction in transportation cost, and antifouling property against fingerprints, etc. Can be obtained.
  • the solar reflective mirror described in claim 2 is the invention described in claim 1, characterized in that the surface roughness Ra of the reflective layer is 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the solar reflective mirror according to claim 3 is a solar reflective mirror having a film mirror in which a reflective layer is provided on a planar resin film support and a base material, and A film mirror is bonded, the reflective layer has a surface roughness Ra of 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 0.1 ⁇ m or less, and the film mirror has a concave shape.
  • the same structure as that of the first aspect has the same effect as that of the first aspect. In this configuration, since the surface roughness Ra of the reflective layer is 0.01 ⁇ m or more, the film mirror surface also becomes rough due to the roughness, and roll toe is continuously formed in the production stage of the film mirror.
  • the solar reflective mirror according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the concave shape of the film mirror is an aspherical surface. Since the concave shape of the film mirror is an aspherical surface, the degree of light collection can be further increased compared to a mirror in which a plane is combined with a spherical surface or a polygonal shape, and a reduction in reflection efficiency due to unevenness can be further prevented. . In particular, it is preferable to adjust the curvature of the aspherical surface because the position of the reflected light can be adjusted as appropriate.
  • the solar reflective mirror according to claim 5 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the film mirror has an acrylic layer. Since the film mirror has an acrylic layer, it has weather resistance (particularly performance to prevent deterioration against ultraviolet rays). This performance is particularly desirable when used outdoors, particularly in desert environments where solar reflective mirrors are often used. In addition, since there is an acrylic layer that is more likely to be uneven than a resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, the surface roughness of the solar reflective mirror becomes rough due to the unevenness on the surface of the acrylic layer. Even when the roll-to-roll method for continuously forming a film is used, sticking such as blocking when the film mirror is wound into a roll can be prevented.
  • the solar reflective mirror according to claim 6 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the film mirror contains a filler in any layer. To do. Since the film mirror contains a filler in any layer, the surface roughness of the solar reflective mirror becomes rough due to unevenness caused by the filler. Even when the roll method is used, sticking such as blocking when the film mirror is wound in a roll shape can be prevented.
  • a solar reflective mirror according to claim 7 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the solar reflective mirror is for collecting sunlight. .
  • the solar light reflecting mirror according to claim 8 is the invention according to claim 7, wherein the solar light reflecting mirror condenses sunlight by a single reflection. Since sunlight is collected by a single reflection, the number of light scattering that occurs at each reflection can be minimized, so that high reflection efficiency can be obtained. In reality, it is considered that there is a light beam that contributes to increasing the light collection efficiency by a plurality of reflections. Therefore, in claim 7, most of the causes that substantially increase the reflection efficiency are the first reflection. It means that it is light by. It is preferable that 80% or more of the light contributing to the reflection efficiency is light from the first reflection.
  • the solar reflective mirror according to claim 9 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the film mirror has an overall thickness of 80 ⁇ m to 600 ⁇ m. And Since the total thickness of the film mirror is 80 ⁇ m or more and 600 ⁇ m or less, the film mirror is lightweight and flexible and can be freely changed in shape. In particular, when condensing sunlight, it is preferable because it can be changed into a concave shape having an arbitrary curvature. In addition, since the overall thickness is as thin as 80 ⁇ m or more and 600 ⁇ m or less, the influence of unevenness is relatively likely to occur, but since it can be changed to a concave shape having an arbitrary curvature, the reflection efficiency due to the unevenness Can be prevented.
  • a solar power generation reflecting device includes the solar light reflecting mirror according to any one of the first to ninth aspects and a holding member.
  • the solar power generation reflecting device is the invention according to claim 10 and is used for a tower type solar power generation system.
  • the solar light reflecting mirror described in the present invention high reflection efficiency can be obtained. Therefore, it is preferable in a tower type solar thermal power generation system that needs to concentrate light at a predetermined place and requires high reflection efficiency. Can be used.
  • a solar reflection mirror and a solar power generation reflection device capable of preventing a reduction in reflection efficiency due to unevenness while achieving high productivity, reduction in transportation cost, and antifouling properties against fingerprints, etc. Can be provided.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing various cross-sectional shapes A to Q of a structure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a film mirror as Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a configuration of a film mirror as Comparative Example 2 and Example 1. It is a simplified diagram of the apparatus used for the measurement of the reflectance of a film mirror.
  • the mirror for sunlight reflection has a base material and the film mirror by which the reflection layer was provided in the resin film-like support body.
  • the solar reflective mirror preferably has a structure in which the film mirror is bonded to the base material via the adhesive layer. Moreover, it is preferable that it is the order of a film mirror, an adhesion layer, and a base material in order from the sunlight incident side.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the outermost surface on the incident side of the solar reflective mirror is 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 0.1 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.02 ⁇ m or more and 0.07 ⁇ m or less.
  • the film mirror has a concave shape. Therefore, even if the surface roughness Ra is rough, the reflection efficiency can be prevented from being lowered by the concave shape.
  • the joint between the film mirror and the substrate may be a part, or the joint between the film mirror and the substrate may be the entire surface.
  • adjusting the substrate makes it possible to adjust the concave shape of the film mirror in conjunction with the ease of adjustment. It is preferable from the viewpoint.
  • the concave shape is an aspherical surface, since it can cope with aberrations, and thus a reduction in reflection efficiency can be further prevented.
  • the concave shape is a substantially parabolic surface or a parabolic surface because a reduction in reflection efficiency can be further prevented.
  • the surface roughness at the outermost surface on the incident side of the solar reflective mirror is, for example, addition of filler to at least one layer constituting the mirror, adjustment of the addition amount or size, other than the surface layer constituting the mirror Select a layer with an appropriate surface roughness of the layer, post-processing such as calendering and blasting after the film mirror is created, and roll up the surface roughness of the constituent layers by winding it up with a suitable tension. It is possible to adjust by carrying out the method.
  • Reflection efficiency when reflecting sunlight using a sunlight reflecting mirror is the ratio of the energy of light reflected by the film mirror to a predetermined area out of the total light energy that has fallen onto the film mirror from the sun. Show. For example, if the energy of the total light incident on the film mirror from the sun is 4000 watts per unit time and the energy of the light reflected by the film mirror to a predetermined area is 2400 watts per unit time, 60 % Reflection efficiency is calculated. Since sunlight repeats irregular reflection every time it hits the surface of a film mirror having a rough surface or a reflection layer, the reflection efficiency is lowered. The reduction in the reflection efficiency due to irregular reflection becomes more prominent as the surface roughness is rougher.
  • the reflection of the sunlight to the predetermined region by the reflection layer of the sunlight reflecting mirror reaches once instead of a plurality of times, and desirably 80% or more of the reflected light amount to the predetermined region is one. It is preferably due to the second reflection.
  • one solar light reflecting mirror has only one film mirror.
  • self-supporting means that the substrate is supported by supporting the opposite edge portions when cut to a size used as a substrate for a solar reflective mirror. It represents having a possible degree of rigidity.
  • the base material of the solar reflective mirror has self-supporting properties, so that it is easy to handle when installing the solar reflective mirror, and the holding member for holding the solar reflective mirror, etc. has a simple configuration. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the weight of the reflection device, and it is possible to suppress power consumption during solar tracking.
  • the base material has a concave shape or can be a concave shape. Therefore, a base material that is variable from a flat shape to a concave shape may be used, or a base material that is fixed to a concave shape may be used.
  • a base material that can be changed into a concave shape is preferable from the viewpoint of adjusting the reflection efficiency because the curvature of the film mirror that is bonded can be arbitrarily adjusted by adjusting the curvature of the base material.
  • the base material having the concave shape fixed is preferable from the viewpoint of adjustment cost because it is not necessary to adjust the curvature.
  • the base material that is variable to the concave shape is preferably capable of elastic deformation. Moreover, it is preferable that it has a self-supporting property in the state which joined the film mirror as mentioned above.
  • the Young's modulus is preferably 10 GPa or more. Moreover, it is preferable that the surface of a base material is a smooth plane with few unevenness
  • the shape of the base material having a concave shape when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the center of the base material is not particularly limited, but may be a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a quadrangular shape such as a square or a rectangle, or a regular hexagonal shape.
  • the central part of the base material is preferably near the center of the substrate in the case of a circle, near the intersection of diagonal lines in the case of a quadrangle, and in the vicinity of the intersection of diagonal lines in the case of a regular hexagon.
  • size of a base material seen from the center part orthogonal direction of a base material are substantially equal to the shape and magnitude
  • the central portion is preferably an area of 10% or less of the total area of the substrate or the film mirror surface.
  • the base material may be a single layer or a shape in which a plurality of layers are laminated.
  • the base material may have a single structure or may be divided into a plurality of parts.
  • the base material includes steel plates, copper plates, aluminum plates, aluminum-plated steel plates, aluminum-based alloy-plated steel plates, copper-plated steel plates, tin-plated steel plates, chrome-plated steel plates, stainless steel plates, and veneer plates (preferably waterproofed) Wood board, fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) board, resin board, and the like.
  • a metal plate from the viewpoint of high thermal conductivity. More preferably, it is a plated steel plate, stainless steel plate, aluminum plate or the like having not only high thermal conductivity but also good corrosion resistance. Most preferably, a steel plate combining a resin and a metal plate is used.
  • the base material when most of the base material is made of resin, it is preferable to use a resin material having a hollow structure. This is because when the substrate is made of a resin material that does not have a hollow structure, the thickness required to obtain rigidity sufficient to provide self-supporting properties increases, and as a result, the substrate mass increases. However, when the layer is made of a resin material having a hollow structure, it is possible to reduce the weight while maintaining the self-supporting property. In addition, since a function as a heat insulating material due to the hollow structure also occurs, it is possible to suppress the temperature change of the surface opposite to the light incident side from being transmitted to the film mirror, to prevent condensation and to suppress deterioration due to heat It becomes.
  • a layer having a resin material having a hollow structure it is preferable to provide a resin film having a smooth surface as a surface layer and to use a resin material having a hollow structure as an intermediate layer from the viewpoint of increasing the reflection efficiency of the film mirror. .
  • various conventionally known resin films can be used.
  • polycarbonate films polyester films such as polyethylene terephthalate, norbornene resin films, cellulose ester films, and acrylic films are preferable.
  • a polyester film such as polyethylene terephthalate or an acrylic film, and it may be a film manufactured by melt casting film formation or a film manufactured by solution casting film formation.
  • the thickness of the resin film is preferably set to an appropriate thickness according to the type and purpose of the resin. For example, it is generally in the range of 10 to 250 ⁇ m. The thickness is preferably 20 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • a cellular structure made of a foamed resin a three-dimensional structure having a wall surface made of a resin material (such as a honeycomb structure), a resin material to which hollow fine particles are added, or the like can be used.
  • the cellular structure of the foamed resin refers to a material in which a gas is finely dispersed in a resin material and formed into a foamed or porous shape, and a known foamed resin material can be used as the material.
  • Polyurethane, polyethylene, polystyrene and the like are preferably used.
  • the honeycomb structure represents a general three-dimensional structure composed of a plurality of small spaces surrounded by side walls.
  • the resin material constituting the wall surface is a homopolymer or copolymer of olefins such as ethylene, propylene, butene, isoprene pentene, and methylpentene.
  • Acrylic derivatives such as polyolefin (for example, polypropylene, high-density polyethylene), polyamide, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, vinyl acetate copolymers such as polycarbonate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer Terpolymers such as ionomers and ethylene-propylene-dienes, and thermoplastic resins such as ABS resins, polyolefin oxides and polyacetals are preferably used. In addition, these may be used individually by 1 type, or may mix and use 2 or more types.
  • polyolefin for example, polypropylene, high-density polyethylene
  • polyamide for example, polypropylene, high-density polyethylene
  • polystyrene polyvinyl chloride
  • polyacrylonitrile ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer
  • vinyl acetate copolymers such as polycarbon
  • thermoplastic resins olefin-based resins or resins mainly composed of olefin-based resins
  • polypropylene-based resins or resins based mainly on polypropylene-based resins are preferable because of excellent balance between mechanical strength and moldability.
  • the resin material may contain an additive.
  • the additive include silica, mica, talc, calcium carbonate, glass fiber, carbon fiber, and other inorganic fillers, plasticizers, stabilizers, colorants, charging agents.
  • An inhibitor, a flame retardant, a foaming agent, etc. are mentioned.
  • Substrate fixed to a concave shape Although it does not specifically limit as a base material fixed to the concave shape, It is preferable to have a self-supporting property in the state which joined the film mirror as mentioned above. Moreover, it is preferable that the concave surface of a base material is a smooth plane with few unevenness
  • the shape of the base material fixed to the concave shape when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the center of the base material is not particularly limited, but is a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a square shape such as a square or a rectangle, or a regular hexagonal shape. It is preferable that The central part of the base material is preferably near the center of the substrate in the case of a circle, near the intersection of diagonal lines in the case of a quadrangle, and in the vicinity of the intersection of diagonal lines in the case of a regular hexagon. Moreover, it is preferable that the shape and magnitude
  • the substrate may be a single layer or a shape in which a plurality of layers are laminated.
  • a metal layer, a wood layer, a resin layer, or the like can be used, and among them, the structure of any one of the following A and B is more preferable.
  • B A resin material layer having a hollow structure.
  • a metal concave plate is suitably used as the concave plate in the configuration A.
  • the surface of a base material can have high smoothness.
  • the intermediate layer is a layer having a hollow structure or a layer made of a resin material, it is possible to significantly reduce the weight of the base material compared to the case where the base material is made of only a concave plate. .
  • the rigidity can be increased by the relatively lightweight intermediate layer, it is possible to provide a lightweight and self-supporting base material. Even in the case where a layer made of a resin material is used as the intermediate layer, it is possible to further reduce the weight by using a resin material layer having a hollow structure.
  • the intermediate layer when the intermediate layer has a hollow structure, the intermediate layer functions as a heat insulating material, so that the temperature change of the flat plate on the side opposite to the light incident side is prevented from being transmitted to the film mirror, thereby preventing condensation. In addition, it is possible to suppress deterioration due to heat.
  • steel plate, copper plate, aluminum plate, aluminum plated steel plate, aluminum alloy plated steel plate, copper plated steel plate, tin plated steel plate, chrome plated steel plate, stainless steel plate, etc. have high thermal conductivity.
  • a metal material can be preferably used.
  • the intermediate layer of the configuration A has a hollow structure
  • a material such as a metal, an inorganic material (glass or the like), or a resin
  • a hollow structure a cellular structure made of a foamed resin, a three-dimensional structure having a wall surface made of a metal, an inorganic material, or a resin material (such as a honeycomb structure), a resin material to which hollow fine particles are added, or the like can be used.
  • the resin material constituting the hollow structure include ⁇ 1-1.
  • the foamed materials described in the section “Substrate which can be changed into a concave shape> and those similar to those used for the three-dimensional structure can be preferably used.
  • the intermediate layer can be a layer made of a resin film.
  • the resin material constituting the intermediate layer is described in ⁇ 1-1.
  • the same resin film material can be preferably used.
  • the intermediate layer does not have to be provided in all regions of the base material, and may be provided in a part of the region as long as the flatness of the metal flat plate and the self-supporting property as the base material can be ensured.
  • the intermediate layer has the above-described three-dimensional structure, it is preferable to provide the three-dimensional structure in a region of about 90 to 95% with respect to the area of the metal flat plate. It is preferable to provide it.
  • the base material fixed in a concave shape having a self-supporting property can be a layer made of only a resin material having a hollow structure.
  • the base material is made of a resin-only layer, the thickness required to obtain rigidity sufficient to provide self-supporting properties increases, and as a result, the weight of the base material increases, but the resin base material has a hollow structure. By providing the thickness, it is possible to reduce the weight while maintaining the self-supporting property.
  • a resin film having a smooth surface as a surface layer it is preferable to provide a resin film having a smooth surface as a surface layer and to use a resin material having a hollow structure as an intermediate layer from the viewpoint of increasing the reflection efficiency of the film mirror.
  • the material of this resin film the aforementioned ⁇ 1-1.
  • the same resin film material as described in ⁇ Substrate that can be changed into a concave shape> can be preferably used.
  • the resin material constituting the hollow structure the above-described ⁇ 1-1.
  • a foam material described in the section “Substrate that can be changed to a concave shape> and a resin material similar to that used for a three-dimensional structure can be preferably used.
  • the film mirror refers to a film-like mirror having at least a reflective layer and a resin film-like support.
  • the thickness of the film mirror is 80 to 600 ⁇ m, preferably 80 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 80 to 200 ⁇ m, and most preferably 80 to 170 ⁇ m. It is preferable to set the thickness of the film mirror to 80 ⁇ m or more because when the film mirror is bonded to the base material, it is easy to obtain good reflection efficiency without bending the mirror. Moreover, it is preferable to make the thickness of the film mirror 600 ⁇ m or less because the handleability is improved. Since the film mirror has flatness, it can be manufactured by roll-to-roll, and is preferably used from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost.
  • the film mirror can be said to be very lightweight because of the material used and the thickness of about 80 to 600 ⁇ m. Furthermore, unlike a glass, a film mirror does not have a problem such as cracking and has flexibility. In other words, the film mirror has features that it is lightweight and flexible, and can be manufactured with a large area and mass production while suppressing manufacturing costs.
  • the thickness from the sunlight incident side surface of a film mirror to a reflection layer is 0.2 mm or less from a viewpoint of the reflective efficiency of a film mirror when dust adheres. The reason will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B.
  • the thickness from the surface 101 on the sunlight incidence side of the film mirror to the surface of the reflective layer 102 is larger than 0.2 mm, as shown in FIG. 1B, if the dust 100 adheres on the surface 101 of the film mirror, Naturally, the light B incident on the portion does not reach the reflective layer 102 and therefore does not contribute to the reflection efficiency.
  • the light A incident on the part without the dust 100 is transmitted through the surface 101 on the sunlight incident side and reflected by the reflective layer 102, but the reflected light is blocked by the dust 100. There arises a problem that it does not contribute to the reflection efficiency.
  • FIG. 1A when the thickness from the surface 101 to the reflective layer 102 is reduced to 0.2 mm or less, it is only the light B ′ incident on the dust 100 that contributes to the reduction in the reflection efficiency. Become. This is because the thickness from the surface 101 to the reflective layer 102 is thin, so that less light hits the dust after being reflected by the reflective layer 102 such as the incident light A in FIG. 1B.
  • the reduction in the reflection efficiency due to the blocked reflected light becomes more pronounced as the incident angle of sunlight incident on the film mirror surface increases.
  • the incident angle of sunlight incident on the film mirror may increase in the morning or evening.
  • the thickness from the surface to the reflective layer is preferably 0.2 mm or less.
  • the greater the thickness from the surface of the film mirror on the sunlight incident side to the reflective layer the worse the transmittance of sunlight, so the sunlight attenuates before reaching the reflective layer. From the standpoint of the above, the thickness from the surface of the film mirror on the sunlight incident side to the reflective layer is preferably 0.2 mm or less.
  • the film mirror may have a layer other than the reflective layer and the resin film-like support. Further, the film mirror may have an adhesive layer. Preferably, any one or some or all of a hard coat layer, an acrylic layer, an adhesive layer, a resin coat layer, and an adhesive layer are included.
  • the hard coat layer 9, the acrylic layer 5, the adhesive layer 4, the resin coat layer 8, the reflective layer 3, and the resin film are formed in this order from the light incident side.
  • the positional relationship between the support 1 and the adhesive layer 6 is preferable.
  • another layer may be provided on the light incident side of one of the layers described above or on the opposite side, or a plurality of the other layers may be provided.
  • the respective layers described above may be adjacent to each other.
  • an anchor layer may be provided between the reflective layer and the resin film support. Moreover, you may provide the layer by the peeling sheet which covers an adhesion layer.
  • the surface roughness Ra of the outermost surface on the incident side of the film mirror is 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 0.1 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.02 ⁇ m or more and 0.07 ⁇ m or less. Since the surface roughness of the film mirror is 0.01 ⁇ m or more, even if the surface is accidentally touched with a finger during transportation or when assembling or adjusting the solar reflective mirror, It is possible to prevent a reflection efficiency from being lowered due to a fingerprint.
  • the film mirror has a concave shape. Therefore, even if the surface roughness Ra is rough, the reflection efficiency can be prevented from being lowered by the concave shape.
  • the roughness of the surface of the film mirror and sunlight reflecting mirror and the roughness of each layer constituting the film mirror are not only the roughness of the layer but also the comprehensive effect including the influence of the layers separated from the adjacent layers. It depends on the influence.
  • the shape of the film mirror viewed from the direction orthogonal to the center is not particularly limited, but is preferably a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a square shape such as a square or a rectangle, or a regular hexagonal shape.
  • the center of the film mirror is preferably near the center of the circle in the case of a circle, near the intersection of diagonal lines in the case of a square shape, and near the intersection of diagonal lines in the case of a regular hexagon.
  • a filler may be contained in any layer constituting the film mirror. Due to small unevenness caused by the filler, the surface roughness of the film mirror becomes rough. Therefore, the presence of a layer containing filler prevents sticking such as blocking when the film mirror is rolled into a roll, even when using a roll-to-roll system that continuously forms a film mirror. can do.
  • the film mirror has a rough surface roughness due to the filler, which reduces the reflection efficiency of the mirror for sunlight reflection.
  • the film mirror has a concave shape to prevent a decrease in the reflection efficiency. it can.
  • the layer containing the filler may be provided as the outermost surface layer on the light incident side of the film mirror or the second layer.
  • the layer containing the filler is preferably a resin layer.
  • the filler content of the layer containing the filler is preferably 20 to 50 wt%.
  • the thickness of the layer containing the filler is preferably 75 to 125 ⁇ m, more preferably 100 to 125 ⁇ m. A thickness of 125 ⁇ m or less is preferred because the rigidity does not become too high, and the stiffness of the film mirror does not become so strong that it is difficult to wind.
  • the film mirror has a layer having a certain degree of surface roughness in addition to the layer containing the filler
  • the role of the layer containing the filler by the layer having the surface roughness Is secured.
  • the film mirror is caused by the surface roughness caused by those layers. Since the surface roughness becomes rough, there is no need for a layer containing a filler.
  • Examples of the resin layer preferably used for the layer containing the filler include a resin film support, a hard coat layer, an acrylic layer, and the like.
  • a method for producing a layer containing a filler in the case of a constituent material of the layer, for example, a resin layer, a predetermined amount of filler is kneaded into the resin material constituting the layer, and melt casting film formation is performed. Even the manufactured layer may be a layer manufactured by solution casting film formation. Further, a resin liquid in which a predetermined amount of filler is kneaded may be formed by applying and coating on a predetermined adjacent layer.
  • filler those having an average particle shape of 1 to 30 ⁇ m, preferably 4 to 10 ⁇ m can be preferably used.
  • Filler materials are roughly classified into inorganic fillers and organic fillers.
  • Specific examples of the inorganic filler include silica, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, barium sulfide, magnesium silicate, and a mixture thereof.
  • specific materials for the organic filler various rubbers, acrylic resins, acrylonitrile resins, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, and the like can be used. Among them, an acrylic resin having high transparency is preferable, and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is particularly preferable.
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • the rubber material include acrylic, butadiene, and styrene-butadiene, and it is preferable to form rubber particles using these materials.
  • acrylic rubber is preferably used from the viewpoint of weather resistance against ultraviolet rays outdoors.
  • the acrylic rubber contains an elastic polymer mainly composed of an acrylate ester as a rubber component, and may form particles of a single layer structure made of only this elastic polymer, or a multilayer having this elastic polymer layer. Although particles having a structure may be formed, particles having a multilayer structure are preferable from the viewpoint of surface hardness.
  • the elastic polymer may be a homopolymer of an acrylate ester or a copolymer of 50% by weight or more of an acrylate ester and 50% by weight or less of other monomers.
  • the acrylic ester an alkyl ester of acrylic acid is usually used.
  • the shape of the filler is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a spherical shape, a cubic shape, a needle shape, a rod shape, a spindle shape, a plate shape, a scale shape, and a fiber shape. Easy spheres are preferred.
  • the hard coat layer is provided for the purpose of adding, to the film mirror, scratch resistance that prevents the surface of the film mirror from being scratched, antifouling property that prevents adhesion of dirt, and the like. Since the mirror for reflecting sunlight is often used mainly in the desert, it preferably has resistance to various external factors such as ultraviolet rays, heat, wind and rain, and sandstorms.
  • the hard coat layer can reduce corrosion of the metal used in the reflective layer due to oxygen, water vapor, hydrogen sulfide, etc., deterioration of the resin layer due to ultraviolet rays, discoloration of the film mirror, and film peeling.
  • the hard coat layer can reduce scratches on the surface of the film mirror caused by washing away dirt adhering to the film mirror with a brush or the like, and as a result, a reduction in reflection efficiency can also be prevented.
  • the position of the hard coat layer is preferably provided on either the outermost surface layer on the sunlight incident side of the film mirror, the second layer, or the third layer.
  • Another thin layer (preferably a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or less) may be provided on the hard coat layer.
  • the thickness of a hard-coat layer is 0.05 micrometer or more and 10 micrometers or less, More preferably, they are 1 micrometer or more and 4 micrometers or less, More preferably, they are 1.5 micrometers or more and 3 micrometers or less.
  • the thickness of the hard coat layer is 0.05 ⁇ m or more, sufficient scratch resistance can be obtained. Moreover, when the thickness of the hard coat layer is 10 ⁇ m or less, it is possible to prevent the hard coat layer from being cracked due to excessive stress. Further, from the viewpoint of preventing electrostatic adhesion of dirt such as dust, it is preferable that the electrical resistance value is low, that is, the thickness is 10 ⁇ m or less.
  • the scratch resistance of the hard coat layer is preferably 30 or less in a steel wool test with a pencil hardness of H or more and less than 6H and a weight of 500 g / cm 2 .
  • the electric resistance value of the outermost surface of the film mirror is 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 12 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ . More preferably, it is 3.0 ⁇ 10 9 to 2.0 ⁇ 10 11 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the falling angle of the hard coat layer is larger than 0 ° and not larger than 30 ° because water droplets adhering to the surface of the film mirror easily fall off due to rain or condensation.
  • the falling angle refers to a value obtained by dropping a water drop on a horizontal mirror and then gradually increasing the tilt angle of the mirror to measure the minimum angle at which a predetermined weight of water drop falls. Say. It can be said that the smaller the tumbling angle, the easier the water droplets to roll off the surface, and the surface to which the water droplets hardly adhere.
  • the material of the hard coat layer is preferably one that can provide transparency, weather resistance, scratch resistance, and antifouling properties.
  • the hard coat layer can be composed of an acrylic resin, urethane resin, melamine resin, epoxy resin, organic silicate compound, silicone resin, or the like.
  • silicone resins and acrylic resins are preferable.
  • those made of an active energy ray-curable acrylic resin or a thermosetting acrylic resin are preferable.
  • the active energy ray-curable acrylic resin or thermosetting acrylic resin is a composition containing a polyfunctional acrylate, an acrylic oligomer, or a reactive diluent as a polymerization curing component.
  • Acrylic oligomers include polyester acrylates, urethane acrylates, epoxy acrylates, polyether acrylates, etc., including those in which a reactive acrylic group is bonded to an acrylic resin skeleton, and rigid materials such as melamine and isocyanuric acid. A structure in which an acrylic group is bonded to a simple skeleton can also be used.
  • the reactive diluent has a function of a solvent in the coating process as a medium of the coating agent, and has a group that itself reacts with a monofunctional or polyfunctional acrylic oligomer. It becomes a copolymerization component.
  • polyfunctional acrylic cured paints include Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. (trade name “Diabeam (registered trademark)” series, etc.), Nagase Sangyo Co., Ltd. (trade name, “Denacol (registered trademark)” series, etc. ), Shin-Nakamura Co., Ltd. (trade name “NK Ester” series, etc.), Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co., Ltd .; (trade name “UNIDIC (registered trademark)” series, etc.) "Aronix (registered trademark)” series, etc.), Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd .; (trade name “Blemmer (registered trademark)” series, etc.), Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. (product name, "KAYARAD (registered trademark)” series, etc.), Products such as Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd. (trade name “Light Ester” series, “Light Acrylate” series, etc.) can be used.
  • thermosetting resin composed of a partially hydrolyzed oligomer of an alkoxysilane compound, a heat A hard coat made of a curable polysiloxane resin, an ultraviolet curable acrylic hard coat made of an acrylic compound having an unsaturated group, and a thermosetting inorganic material are preferable.
  • materials that can be used for the hard coat layer an aqueous colloidal silica-containing acrylic resin (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-66824), a polyurethane-based resin composition (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
  • Resin film used Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-142161
  • photocatalytic oxide-containing silica film such as titanium oxide or alumina
  • photocatalytic film such as titanium oxide or niobium oxide having a high aspect ratio
  • Examples thereof include a photocatalyst-containing fluororesin coating (Pyrex Technologies), an organic / inorganic polysilazane film, and a film using a hydrophilization accelerator (AZ Electronics) on organic / inorganic polysilazane.
  • AZ Electronics hydrophilization accelerator
  • thermosetting silicone hard coat layer a partially hydrolyzed oligomer of an alkoxysilane compound synthesized by a known method can be used.
  • An example of the synthesis method is as follows. First, tetramethoxysilane or tetraethoxysilane is used as an alkoxysilane compound, and a predetermined amount of water is added to the alkoxysilane compound in the presence of an acid catalyst such as hydrochloric acid or nitric acid to remove by-produced alcohol from room temperature to 80 ° C. React with.
  • an acid catalyst such as hydrochloric acid or nitric acid
  • the alkoxysilane is hydrolyzed, and further, a partially hydrolyzed oligomer of the alkoxysilane compound having an average polymerization degree of 4 to 8 having two or more silanol groups or alkoxy groups in one molecule is obtained by the condensation reaction.
  • a curing catalyst such as acetic acid or maleic acid is added to this and dissolved in an alcohol or glycol ether organic solvent to obtain a thermosetting silicone hard coat liquid. And this is apply
  • an acrylic compound having an unsaturated group such as pentaerythritol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, tetramethyloltetra
  • a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate mixture such as (meth) acrylate can be used, and a photopolymerization initiator such as benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, or benzophenone is blended and used.
  • a hard-coat layer is formed by apply
  • a hydrophilic property by subjecting the hard coat layer to a surface treatment.
  • a surface treatment examples thereof include corona treatment (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-172028), plasma surface treatment, ultraviolet / ozone treatment, surface protrusion formation (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-226613), and surface fine processing.
  • a method for producing the hard coat layer conventionally known coating methods such as a gravure coating method, a reverse coating method, and a die coating method can be used.
  • the hard coat layer When the hard coat layer is made of an inorganic material, it can be formed, for example, by depositing silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, lanthanum oxide, lanthanum nitride, or the like by a vacuum film forming method.
  • the vacuum film forming method include a resistance heating vacuum deposition method, an electron beam heating vacuum deposition method, an ion plating method, an ion beam assisted vacuum deposition method, and a sputtering method.
  • a hard-coat layer consists of an inorganic substance
  • the hard coat precursor contains polysilazane
  • R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are the same or different and are independently of each other hydrogen, or an optionally substituted alkyl group, aryl group, vinyl group, or (trialkoxysilyl).
  • alkyl group preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, phenyl, vinyl or 3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl, 3- (trimethoxysilylpropyl)
  • catalysts preferably basic catalysts, in particular N, N-diethylethanolamine, N, N-dimethylethanolamine, triethanolamine, triethylamine, 3-morpholinopropylamine or N-heterocyclic compounds are used.
  • the catalyst concentration is usually in the range of 0.1 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.5 to 7 mol%, based on polysilazane.
  • a solution containing perhydropolysilazane in which all of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 in formula (1) are hydrogen atoms is used.
  • the hard coat layer contains at least one polysilazane represented by the following general formula (2). -(SiR 1 R 2 -NR 3 ) n- (SiR 4 R 5 -NR 6 ) p- (2)
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are independently of each other hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl group, aryl group, vinyl group or ( Represents a trialkoxysilyl) alkyl group;
  • n and p are integers, and in particular, n is determined so that polysilazane has a number average molecular weight of 150 to 150,000 g / mol.
  • R 1 , R 3 and R 6 represent hydrogen and R 2 , R 4 and R 5 represent methyl.
  • the transparent hard coat layer contains at least one polysilazane represented by the following general formula (3). -(SiR 1 R 2 -NR 3 ) n- (SiR 4 R 5 -NR 6 ) p- (SiR 7 R 8 -NR 9 ) q- (3)
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently of one another hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl.
  • n, p and q are integers, and in particular, n is determined so that polysilazane has a number average molecular weight of 150 to 150,000 g / mol.
  • R 1 , R 3 and R 6 represent hydrogen and R 2 , R 4 , R 5 and R 8 represent methyl, R 9 represents (triethoxysilyl) propyl and R 7 Is a compound in which represents alkyl or hydrogen.
  • the proportion of polysilazane in the solvent is generally 1 to 80% by mass, preferably 5 to 50% by mass, and particularly preferably 10 to 40% by mass.
  • water and a reactive group for example, a hydroxyl group or an amine group
  • an organic system that is inert to polysilazane and preferably an aprotic solvent is particularly suitable.
  • binders such as those conventionally used in the production of paints can be used.
  • cellulose ethers and cellulose esters such as ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate or cellulose acetobutyrate, natural resins such as rubber or rosin resins, or synthetic resins such as polymerized resins or condensed resins such as aminoplasts, in particular Urea resins and melamine formaldehyde resins, alkyd resins, acrylic resins, polyesters or modified polyesters, epoxides, polyisocyanates or blocked polyisocyanates, or polysiloxanes.
  • an additive that affects the viscosity, wettability of the preparation, film forming property, lubricating action or exhaust property, or inorganic nanoparticles such as SiO 2 TiO 2 , ZnO, ZrO 2 or Al 2 O 3 can be used.
  • the polysilazane hard coat layer thus formed can also be used as an oxygen / water vapor barrier film.
  • a hard coat layer containing a polyfunctional acrylic monomer and a silicone resin can be given.
  • the polyfunctional acrylic monomer is hereinafter referred to as “A” component
  • the silicone resin is hereinafter referred to as “B” component.
  • the polyfunctional acrylic monomer “A” component preferably has an unsaturated group, particularly an active energy ray-reactive unsaturated group.
  • the active energy ray referred to in the present specification preferably means an electron beam or an ultraviolet ray.
  • a radical polymerization monomer is used, preferably a bifunctional or higher functional monomer having an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated double bond in the molecule.
  • a certain polyfunctional acrylate type or polyfunctional methacrylate type monomer may be mentioned.
  • a vinyl monomer, an allyl monomer, or a monofunctional monomer may be included.
  • the radical polymerization monomer can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds of monomers in order to adjust the crosslinking density.
  • the “A” component in addition to these relatively low molecular weight compounds, for example, so-called narrowly-defined monomers having a molecular weight of less than 1000, oligomers and prepolymers having a somewhat high molecular weight, for example, a weight average molecular weight of 1000 or more and less than 10,000 may be used. Is possible.
  • monofunctional (meth) acrylate monomers include 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl phthalate, 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl-2-hydroxyethyl phthalate, and 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl.
  • polyfunctional (meth) acrylate monomer examples include 1,3-butylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,9-nonanediol di (meth) acrylate, bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, bisphenol F di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, hexahydrophthalic acid di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl hydroxypivalate Glycol di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, hydroxypivalate ester neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol di (meth) acrylate, di (meth) acrylate phthalate , Polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate
  • Examples of such commercially available “A” component that is a polymerizable organic compound include Aronix M-400, M-408, M-450, M-305, M-309, M-manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd. 310, M-315, M-320, M-350, M-360, M-208, M-210, M-215, M-220, M-225, M-233, M-240, M-245, M-260, M-270, M-1100, M-1200, M-1210, M-1310, M-1600, M-221, M-203, TO-924, TO-1270, TO-1231, TO- 595, TO-756, TO-1343, TO-902, TO-904, TO-905, TO-1330, KAYARAD D-310, D-330, DPHA, DPCA-20, DP manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
  • the content of the polymerizable organic compound “A” component is 10 to 90% by weight based on the total composition of “A” + “B” being 100% by weight from the viewpoint of improving antifouling properties and light resistance. It is preferably 15 to 80% by weight.
  • the silicone resin “B” component is preferably a silicone resin having an active energy ray-reactive unsaturated group.
  • the silicone resin contains a polyorganosiloxane, and is preferably a compound having a polyorganosiloxane chain having an active energy ray-curable unsaturated bond in the molecule.
  • the monomer (a) having a radically polymerizable double bond and a polyorganosiloxane chain (1) to 50% by weight and a monomer other than (a) having a radically polymerizable double bond and a reactive functional group ( b) a polymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing 10 to 95% by weight and a monomer (c) having a radical polymerizable double bond other than (a) and (b) (c).
  • Activity which is a vinyl copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 5000 to 100,000, which is obtained by reacting ( ⁇ ) with a functional group capable of reacting with the above-mentioned reactive functional group and a compound ( ⁇ ) having a radical polymerizable double bond It is preferable that it is an energy beam curable resin composition.
  • the monomer (a) having a radical polymerizable double bond and a polyorganosiloxane chain include, for example, one end of Silaplane FM-0711, FM-0721, FM-0725, etc. manufactured by Chisso Corporation.
  • Examples include (meth) acryloxy group-containing polyorganosiloxane compounds, AC-SQ SI-20 manufactured by Toa Gosei Co., Ltd., POSS (Polyhedal® Oligomeric Silsesquioxane) series acrylate and methacrylate-containing compounds manufactured by Hybrid Plastics.
  • the “B” component can be used alone or in combination of two or more depending on the required performance.
  • the polymerization ratio is preferably 1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 10 to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of monomers constituting the polymer.
  • the copolymerization ratio of the “B” component is less than 1% by weight, it becomes difficult to impart antifouling properties and weather resistance to the upper surface of the cured product, and when it exceeds 50% by weight, scratch resistance is obtained.
  • An appropriate amount of polysiloxane can also be contained in the above components, and depending on the chemical structure and quantitative ratio of the “B” component, the durability can be improved by adding polysiloxane.
  • This hard coat layer is preferably flexible and does not warp.
  • the hard coat layer on the outermost surface layer of the film mirror may form a dense cross-linked structure, which may cause the film to bend or bend easily due to lack of flexibility, making handling difficult. Become. In such a case, it is preferable to design so as to obtain flexibility and flatness by adjusting the amount of the inorganic substance in the hard coat layer composition.
  • the hard-coat layer may contain various additives, such as a ultraviolet absorber and antioxidant. Various additives are described in detail below.
  • UV absorber> Although there is no restriction
  • benzophenone ultraviolet absorber examples include 2,4-dihydroxy-benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxy-benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxy-benzophenone, 2- Hydroxy-4-octadecyloxy-benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy-benzophenone, 2,2 ', 4,4'-tetra And hydroxy-benzophenone.
  • benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers examples include 2- (2′-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 5′-di-t-butylphenyl) benzotriazole 2- (2′-hydroxy-3′-t-butyl-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2,2′-methylenebis [6- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4- (1, 1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol] (molecular weight 659; examples of commercially available products are LA31 from ADEKA Corporation), 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4,6-bis (1- Methyl-1-phenylethyl) phenol (molecular weight 447.6; examples of commercially available products include Tinuvin 234 from Ciba Specialty Chemicals)
  • phenyl salicylate ultraviolet absorber examples include phenylsalicylate, 2-4-di-t-butylphenyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, and the like.
  • hindered amine ultraviolet absorber examples include bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate.
  • triazine ultraviolet absorbers examples include 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-). Ethoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl- (2-hydroxy-4-propoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl- (2-hydroxy-4-) Butoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-butoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2- Hydroxy-4-hexyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5-tria 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxy
  • benzoate-based ultraviolet absorber examples include 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (molecular weight 438.7; examples of commercially available products) Sumisorb 400) from Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • the ultraviolet absorber a compound having a function of converting the energy held by ultraviolet rays into vibrational energy in the molecule and releasing the vibrational energy as heat energy or the like can be used. Furthermore, those that exhibit an effect when used in combination with an antioxidant or a colorant, or light stabilizers acting as a light energy conversion agent, called quenchers, can be used in combination.
  • quenchers light stabilizers acting as a light energy conversion agent
  • each of the above ultraviolet absorbers may be used in combination of two or more thereof as necessary.
  • an ultraviolet absorber other than the above-described ultraviolet absorber for example, a salicylic acid derivative, a substituted acrylonitrile, a nickel complex, a benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorber, a triazine-based ultraviolet absorber, or the like can be contained.
  • a preferred UV absorber in a hard coat layer containing a polyfunctional acrylic monomer and a silicone resin is a benzotriazole-based UV absorber.
  • a benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber in the hard coat layer, it is possible to obtain an excellent effect that not only the weather resistance is further improved, but also the falling angle can be further reduced.
  • the compound represented by the following general formula (4) is contained in the hard coat layer, the effect of lowering the sliding angle is remarkable.
  • the amount of the UV absorber used in the hard coat layer is preferably 0.1 to 20% by mass in order to improve the weather resistance while maintaining good adhesion. More preferably, it is 0.25 to 15% by mass, and more preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass.
  • antioxidant it is preferable to use organic antioxidants such as phenolic antioxidants, hindered amine antioxidants, thiol antioxidants, and phosphite antioxidants.
  • the falling angle can also be reduced by including an organic antioxidant in the hard coat layer.
  • An antioxidant and a light stabilizer may be used in combination.
  • phenolic antioxidants include 1,1,3-tris (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane, 2,2′-methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-t- Butylphenol), tetrakis- [methylene-3- (3 ′, 5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, 4,4 '-Thiobis (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 4,4'-butylidenebis (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 1,3,5-tris (3', 5'-di-t -Butyl-4'-hydroxybenzyl) -S-triazine-2,4,6- (1H, 3H, 5H) trione, stearyl- ⁇ - (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate
  • hindered amine light stabilizers include bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, Bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) -2- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2-n-butylmalonate, 1-methyl- 8- (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) -sebacate, 1- [2- [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyloxy] ethyl ] -4- [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyloxy] -2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-benzoyloxy-2,2,6, 6-Tetrame Lupiperidine, tetrakis (2,2,2,
  • a hindered amine light stabilizer containing only a tertiary amine is preferable.
  • bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) is preferable.
  • -Sebacate, bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) -2- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2-n-butyl malonate Alternatively, a condensate of 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinol / tridecyl alcohol and 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid is preferable.
  • thiol antioxidant examples include distearyl-3,3′-thiodipropionate, pentaerythritol-tetrakis ( ⁇ -lauryl-thiopropionate), and the like.
  • phosphite antioxidant examples include tris (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, di (2,6-di-t-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol.
  • Diphosphite bis- (2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenyl) -pentaerythritol diphosphite, tetrakis (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) 4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite 2,2′-methylenebis (4,6-di-t-butylphenyl) octyl phosphite and the like.
  • the above antioxidant and the following light stabilizer can be used in combination.
  • a nickel-based ultraviolet stabilizer can also be used.
  • the nickel-based ultraviolet stabilizer [2,2′-thiobis (4-t-octylphenolate)]-2-ethylhexylamine nickel ( II), nickel complex-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl phosphate monoethylate, nickel dibutyl dithiocarbamate and the like.
  • the hard coat layer particularly the hard coat layer containing a polyfunctional acrylic monomer and a silicone resin, preferably contains an initiator for initiating polymerization.
  • an initiator a photopolymerization initiator of an active energy ray-curable resin such as ultraviolet rays is preferably used. Examples include benzoin and derivatives thereof, acetophenone, benzophenone, hydroxybenzophenone, Michler's ketone, ⁇ -amyloxime ester, thioxanthone, and the like.
  • the above initiator can also be used as a photosensitizer.
  • a sensitizer such as n-butylamine, triethylamine, tri-n-butylphosphine can be used.
  • the initiator or photosensitizer is used in an amount of 0.1 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 2 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the composition.
  • Two types of initiators can be used in combination.
  • the polymerization reaction of all the monomers may not be performed by the initiator.
  • the initiator that absorbs longer wavelengths improves the reactivity, but the initiator may be colored during long-term use. Therefore, it is preferable to use radical initiators that absorb different wavelengths in order to improve the weather resistance and also the polymerization reactivity without coloring even during long-term use.
  • additives In the hard coat layer, various additives can be further blended as necessary. For example, a surfactant, a leveling agent and an antistatic agent can be used.
  • ⁇ Leveling agent is effective in reducing small irregularities on the surface.
  • a dimethylpolysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene copolymer for example, SH190 manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd.
  • SH190 manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd. is suitable as the silicone leveling agent.
  • An antistatic agent is effective in improving the antifouling property of the film mirror.
  • the electric resistance value on the surface of the film mirror can be reduced by making the hard coat layer conductive.
  • the electrical resistance value of the film mirror surface is reduced and the antifouling property is improved. It is possible.
  • the antistatic layer has a function of preventing the outermost layer on the sunlight incident side of the film mirror from being charged.
  • Film mirrors have a resin film-like support compared to glass mirrors and the surface is often made of resin, so they are easily charged and easily attract dirt such as sand and dust. . Therefore, sand, dust, etc. adhere and it is mentioned as a problem that reflection efficiency falls.
  • the presence of an antistatic layer in the layer closest to the outermost layer of the film mirror can suppress the charging of the surface of the film mirror, can suppress the adhesion of dirt such as sand and dust, This is preferable because high reflection efficiency can be maintained.
  • the antistatic layer is preferably present through a very thin layer between the layer adjacent to the outermost layer of the film mirror or the outermost layer.
  • a technique for imparting an antistatic ability to the antistatic layer there is a method of imparting conductivity to the antistatic layer to reduce the electric resistance value of the antistatic layer.
  • a method in which a conductive filler which is a conductive substance is dispersed and contained in an antistatic layer a method using a conductive polymer, a method in which a metal compound is dispersed or coated on a surface, an organic sulfonic acid And an internal addition method using an anionic compound such as organic phosphoric acid, a method using a surface active type low molecular weight antistatic agent such as polyoxyethylene alkylamine, polyoxyethylene alkenylamine, and glycerin fatty acid ester, carbon
  • a method of dispersing conductive fine particles such as black.
  • the coating film resistance when the coating film resistance is largely divided in the first place, it can be divided into a particle internal resistance and a contact resistance.
  • the internal resistance of the particles is affected by the amount of doping / oxygen defects of different metals and crystallinity.
  • the contact resistance is affected by the particle diameter and shape, the dispersibility of the fine particles in the paint, and the conductivity of the binder resin. Since a film having a relatively high conductivity is considered to have a larger influence of contact resistance than internal resistance of the particle, it is important to form a conductive path by controlling the particle state.
  • the antistatic layer preferably has an antistatic property by containing a conductive filler.
  • a conductive filler contained in the antistatic layer there are conductive inorganic fine particles.
  • metal fine particles, conductive inorganic oxide fine particles and the like can be used.
  • conductive inorganic oxide fine particles can be suitably used.
  • the metal fine particles include fine particles of gold, silver, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, iridium, tin, antimony, indium and the like.
  • the inorganic oxide fine particles include fine particles of indium antimony pentoxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, ITO (indium tin oxide), ATO (antimony tin oxide), phosphorus-doped oxide, and the like.
  • inorganic double oxide fine particles such as phosphorus-doped oxide are preferable because of their high conductivity and weather resistance.
  • the primary particle diameter of the conductive filler is preferably 1 to 100 nm, particularly 1 to 50 nm, in order not to lower the transparency of the antistatic layer. Is preferred. In order to ensure conductivity, the particles must be close to each other to some extent, so that the particle diameter is preferably 1 nm or more.
  • the conductive inorganic oxide fine particles commercially available ones can be used. Specifically, Cellax series (manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.), P-30, P-32, P-35, P- 45, P-120, P-130 (all manufactured by JGC Catalysts & Chemicals Co., Ltd.), T-1, S-1, S-2000, EP SP2 (all manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Electronics Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like can be used.
  • an organic binder or an inorganic binder can be used as a binder for holding the conductive filler.
  • a resin can be used, and examples thereof include acrylic resins, cycloolefin resins, and polycarbonate resins.
  • a hard coat can be used as a binder, and an ultraviolet curable polyfunctional acrylic resin, urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, oxetane resin, polyfunctional oxetane resin, and the like can be used.
  • the inorganic binder include inorganic oxide binders (may be inorganic oxide binders using a sol-gel method) and tetrafunctional inorganic binders.
  • Preferable examples of the inorganic oxide binder include silicon dioxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, strontium oxide and the like.
  • tetrafunctional inorganic binder examples include polysilazane (for example, trade name: Aquamica (manufactured by AZ Electronics)), siloxane-based compound (for example, Colcoat P (manufactured by Colcoat, Inc.)), alkyl silicate, and metal alcoholate. Mixing FJ803 (manufactured by GRANDEX), alumina sol (manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.), and the like can be used. Further, as a tetrafunctional inorganic binder, a sol-gel solution containing tetraethoxysilane as a main raw material and added with a catalyst may be used.
  • examples of materials having both organic and inorganic properties include polyorganosiloxane and polysilazane. These materials can be said to be organic binders and inorganic binders.
  • a mixture of an inorganic binder and an organic binder may be used as the binder for the antistatic layer, but the total amount of the binder is preferably an inorganic binder.
  • the binder is an inorganic binder, it is desirable because it has weather resistance to ultraviolet rays and can maintain high reflectivity over a long period even when used outdoors.
  • the adhesion between the antistatic layer and the hard coat layer is good when the binder of the antistatic layer is an inorganic binder.
  • the binder of the antistatic layer is an inorganic binder.
  • inorganic binders are more susceptible to cracking than organic binders, but by providing a hard coat layer as the upper layer of the antistatic layer, cracking prevention, chipping prevention and chipping scattering prevention effects can be obtained, and inorganic cracking is easy. Since a binder can be used without any problem, the film mirror preferably has two layers, an antistatic layer and a hard coat layer.
  • the antistatic layer can be formed by a conventionally known coating method such as a gravure coating method, a reverse coating method, or a die coating method.
  • the film thickness of an antistatic layer is 100 nm or more and 1 micrometer or less. If the film thickness of the antistatic layer is 1 ⁇ m or less, good light transmittance can be obtained.
  • the antistatic layer preferably contains a conductive filler (conductive inorganic fine particles) at a ratio of 75% to 95%. If the content of the conductive filler is less than 75%, the conductivity cannot be secured. Moreover, if the content of the conductive filler exceeds 95%, the light transmittance is deteriorated.
  • Acrylic layer has an ultraviolet absorbing ability. Further, since the acrylic layer is more likely to be uneven as compared with a resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, the surface of the acrylic layer is often uneven. Due to the unevenness, the surface roughness of the film mirror surface becomes rough, and the surface of the solar light reflecting mirror also becomes rough. Of course, when any layer of the film mirror has small irregularities, the surface roughness of the surface of the film mirror and the surface roughness of the solar reflective mirror can also be rough as described above. In addition, the presence of a plurality of layers having irregularities further increases the surface roughness of the film mirror surface and the surface of the solar reflective mirror surface, further reducing the reflection efficiency of the solar reflective mirror. obtain.
  • the film mirror in the present invention has a concave shape, the above problem can be prevented, and both the production efficiency and the reflection efficiency can be achieved.
  • the acrylic layer is hard, plasticizer fine particles may be contained in order to obtain an acrylic layer that is soft and difficult to break.
  • the plasticizer fine particles include butyl rubber and butyl acrylate fine particles.
  • the thickness of the acrylic layer is preferably from 20 to 150 ⁇ m because it can provide an incident light transmittance and an appropriate surface roughness to the film mirror. More preferably, it is 40 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the acrylic layer may contain an ultraviolet absorber or an antioxidant.
  • the resin layer may be replaced with another resin layer instead of the acrylic layer.
  • the acrylic layer is preferably composed of a methacrylic resin as a base resin.
  • the methacrylic resin is a polymer mainly composed of a methacrylic acid ester, and may be a homopolymer of a methacrylic acid ester, or a methacrylic acid ester of 50% by weight or more and other monomers of 50% by weight or less. A copolymer may also be used.
  • the methacrylic acid ester an alkyl ester of methacrylic acid is usually used.
  • a particularly preferred methacrylic resin is polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA).
  • the preferred monomer composition of the methacrylic resin is 50 to 100% by weight of methacrylic acid ester, 0 to 50% by weight of acrylic acid ester, and 0 to 49% by weight of other monomers based on the total monomers. More preferably, the methacrylic acid ester is 50 to 99.9% by weight, the acrylic acid ester is 0.1 to 50% by weight, and other monomers are 0 to 49% by weight.
  • examples of the alkyl methacrylate include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate and the like, and the alkyl group usually has 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms. It is. Of these, methyl methacrylate is preferably used.
  • alkyl acrylates include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and the like.
  • the alkyl group usually has 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms. is there.
  • the monomer other than alkyl methacrylate and alkyl acrylate may be a monofunctional monomer, that is, a compound having one polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond in the molecule, or a polyfunctional monofunctional monomer. Although it may be a monomer, that is, a compound having at least two polymerizable carbon-carbon double bonds in the molecule, a monofunctional monomer is preferably used.
  • the monofunctional monomer include aromatic alkenyl compounds such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, and vinyl toluene, and alkenyl cyan compounds such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
  • polyfunctional monomers examples include polyunsaturated carboxylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, butanediol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, allyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate, and cinnamon.
  • Alkenyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids such as allyl acid
  • polyalkenyl esters of polybasic acids such as diallyl phthalate, diallyl maleate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate
  • aromatic polyalkenyl compounds such as divinylbenzene, etc.
  • alkyl methacrylate alkyl methacrylate
  • alkyl acrylate and monomers other than these, respectively, you may use those 2 or more types as needed.
  • the glass transition temperature of the methacrylic resin is preferably 40 ° C. or higher, more preferably 60 ° C. or higher, from the viewpoint of heat resistance of the film mirror. This glass transition temperature can be appropriately set by adjusting the type of monomer and the ratio thereof.
  • the methacrylic resin can be prepared by polymerizing the monomer component by a method such as suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization or bulk polymerization. At that time, in order to obtain a suitable glass transition temperature or to obtain a viscosity showing a formability to a suitable film, it is preferable to use a chain transfer agent during the polymerization.
  • the amount of the chain transfer agent may be appropriately determined according to the type of monomer and the ratio thereof.
  • Examples of the ultraviolet absorber contained in the acrylic layer include ⁇ 2-1-3 (a). Those described in UV absorber> can be used in the same manner.
  • the content of the ultraviolet absorber in the acrylic layer is preferably 0.1 to 20% by mass, more preferably 1 to 15% by mass, and further preferably 3 to 10% by mass.
  • the content of the ultraviolet absorber in the acrylic layer is 0.17 to 2.28 g / m 2 per unit area of the film, more preferably 0.4 to 2.2. 28 g / m 2 or more.
  • antioxidant contained in the acrylic layer including the description of the light stabilizer, ⁇ 2-1-3 (b). Those described in ⁇ Antioxidant> can be used in the same manner. By containing the antioxidant, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the acrylic layer during melt film formation. Moreover, it can also prevent that an acrylic layer deteriorates because an antioxidant capture
  • the adhesive layer is not particularly limited as long as it has a function of improving the adhesion between the layers. Adhesion or adhesion may be used. Preferably, it is a layer for bonding the acrylic layer and the resin coat layer.
  • the adhesive layer has adhesiveness for adhering the layers, heat resistance that can withstand heat when the reflective layer is formed by a vacuum vapor deposition method, etc., and smoothness to bring out the high reflective performance that the reflective layer originally has. Is preferred.
  • the adhesive layer may consist of only one layer or may consist of a plurality of layers.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 8 ⁇ m, from the viewpoints of adhesion, smoothness, reflectance of the reflecting material, and the like.
  • the resin is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above conditions of adhesion, heat resistance, and smoothness
  • polyester resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin, melamine Resin, epoxy resin, polyamide resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl chloride vinyl acetate copolymer resin, etc. can be used singly or as a mixed resin.
  • polyester resin and melamine resin or polyester resin can be used.
  • a mixed resin of a resin and a urethane-based resin is preferable, and a thermosetting resin in which a curing agent such as isocyanate is mixed such that an isocyanate is mixed with an acrylic resin is more preferable.
  • a method for forming the adhesive layer conventionally known coating methods such as a gravure coating method, a reverse coating method, and a die coating method can be used.
  • the adhesive layer is a metal oxide
  • it can be formed by various vacuum film forming methods such as silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, lanthanum oxide, and lanthanum nitride.
  • various vacuum film forming methods such as silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, lanthanum oxide, and lanthanum nitride.
  • a gas barrier layer may be provided on the light incident side of the reflective layer. It is preferable to provide a gas barrier layer between the acrylic layer and the reflective layer. Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a gas barrier layer between the adhesive layer and the resin coat layer.
  • the gas barrier layer is intended to prevent the deterioration of the humidity, especially the resin film-like support and the constituent layers supported by the resin film-like support due to high humidity, but it has special functions and applications. As long as it has the function of preventing deterioration, a gas barrier layer of various modes can be provided.
  • the water vapor permeability at 40 ° C. and 90% RH is preferably 1 g / m 2 ⁇ day or less, more preferably 0.5 g / m 2 ⁇ day or less, still more preferably 0. .2 g / m 2 ⁇ day or less.
  • the oxygen permeability of the gas barrier layer is preferably 0.6 ml / m 2 / day / atm or less under the conditions of a measurement temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 90% RH.
  • the gas barrier layer may consist of only one layer or a plurality of layers.
  • the thickness of the gas barrier layer is preferably 10 to 500 nm, more preferably 50 to 200 nm.
  • Examples of the method for forming the gas barrier layer include a method of forming an inorganic oxide by a method such as vacuum vapor deposition, sputtering, ion beam assist, chemical vapor deposition, and the like.
  • An inorganic oxide precursor by a sol-gel method is used.
  • a method of forming an inorganic oxide film by applying heat treatment and / or ultraviolet irradiation treatment to the coating film after coating is also preferably used.
  • the inorganic oxide is formed by local heating from a sol using an organometallic compound as a raw material.
  • an organometallic compound for example, silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), zinc (Zn), barium (Ba), indium (In) contained in the organometallic compound,
  • An oxide of an element such as tin (Sn) or niobium (Nb), for example, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, or the like. Of these, silicon oxide is preferable.
  • the inorganic oxide As a method for forming the inorganic oxide, it is preferable to use a so-called sol-gel method or a polysilazane method.
  • the sol-gel method is a method of forming an inorganic oxide from an organometallic compound that is a precursor of an inorganic oxide
  • the polysilazane method is a method of forming an inorganic oxide from a polysilazane that is a precursor of an inorganic oxide.
  • the gas barrier layer can be formed by applying a general heating method after applying a precursor that forms an inorganic oxide by heating, but is preferably formed by local heating.
  • This precursor is preferably a sol-shaped organometallic compound or polysilazane.
  • Organometallic compound preferably contains at least one element of silicon, aluminum, lithium, zirconium, titanium, tantalum, zinc, barium, indium, tin, lanthanum, yttrium, and niobium.
  • the organometallic compound preferably contains at least one element of silicon, aluminum, lithium, zirconium, titanium, zinc, and barium.
  • the organometallic compound is not particularly limited as long as it can be hydrolyzed, and preferred organometallic compounds include metal alkoxides.
  • This metal alkoxide is represented by the following general formula (5).
  • M represents a metal having an oxidation number n.
  • R 1 and R 2 each independently represents an alkyl group.
  • m represents an integer of 0 to (n ⁇ 1).
  • R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different.
  • R 1 and R 2 are preferably alkyl groups having 4 or less carbon atoms, for example, a methyl group CH 3 (hereinafter represented by Me), an ethyl group C 2 H 5 (hereinafter represented by Et), a propyl group.
  • C 3 H 7 hereeinafter represented by Pr
  • isopropyl group i-C 3 H 7 hereeinafter represented by i-Pr
  • butyl group C 4 H 9 hereinafter represented by Bu
  • Examples of the metal alkoxide represented by the above formula (5) include lithium ethoxide LiOEt, niobium ethoxide Nb (OEt) 5 , magnesium isopropoxide Mg (OPr-i) 2 , and aluminum isopropoxide Al.
  • the “sol-gel method” is to obtain a hydroxide sol by hydrolyzing an organometallic compound, etc., dehydrate it into a gel, and further heat-treat the gel. It refers to a method for preparing a metal oxide glass having a certain shape (film, particle, fiber, etc.).
  • a multi-component metal oxide glass can be obtained by a method of mixing a plurality of different sol solutions, a method of adding other metal ions, or the like. Specifically, it is preferable to produce an inorganic oxide by a sol-gel method having the following steps.
  • a sol comprising the steps of: A process of obtaining a reaction product by hydrolyzing and dehydrating and condensing an organometallic compound while adjusting to 0, and being produced by a gel method, generation of micropores or film deterioration due to high-temperature heat treatment does not occur This is particularly preferable.
  • the organometallic compound used as a raw material is not particularly limited as long as it can be hydrolyzed, and preferred organometallic compounds include the metal alkoxides described above. It is done.
  • the above-described organometallic compound may be used for the reaction as it is, but it is preferably diluted with a solvent for easy control of the reaction.
  • the dilution solvent may be any solvent that can dissolve the organometallic compound and can be uniformly mixed with water.
  • Preferred examples of such a solvent for dilution include aliphatic lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and mixtures thereof.
  • a mixed solvent of butanol, cellosolve, and butyl cellosolve or a mixed solvent of xylol, cellosolve acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, and cyclohexane may be used.
  • the metal when the metal is calcium, magnesium, aluminum, etc., it reacts with water in the reaction solution to form a hydroxide, or when carbonate ion CO 3 2- is present, a carbonate is formed. Therefore, it is preferable to add an alcohol solution of triethanolamine as a masking agent to the reaction solution.
  • the concentration of the organometallic compound when mixed and dissolved in the solvent is preferably 70% by mass or less, and more preferably diluted to a range of 5 to 70% by mass.
  • the reaction solution used in the sol-gel method contains at least water and an organic solvent.
  • the organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can form a uniform solution with water, acid, and alkali.
  • the same aliphatic aliphatic alcohols used for diluting the organometallic compound are preferably used.
  • aliphatic lower alcohols propanol, isopropanol, butanol, and isobutanol having a larger number of carbon atoms are preferable to methanol and ethanol. This is because the growth of the metal oxide glass film to be generated is stable.
  • the ratio of water is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 50 mol / L as the concentration of water.
  • an organometallic compound is hydrolyzed in a reaction solution in the presence of boron ions using a halogen ion as a catalyst.
  • Preferred examples of the compound that gives boron ion B 3+ include trialkoxyborane B (OR) 3 . Among these, triethoxyborane B (OEt) 3 is more preferable.
  • the B 3+ ion concentration in the reaction solution is preferably in the range of 1.0 to 10.0 mol / L.
  • a fluorine ion and / or a chlorine ion are mentioned suitably. That is, fluorine ions alone, chlorine ions alone or a mixture thereof may be used. Examples of the compound used, as long as it produces fluoride ions and / or chloride ions in the reaction mixture as described above, for example, as a source of fluoride ions, ammonium bifluoride NH 4 HF ⁇ HF, sodium fluoride NaF etc. Preferred Preferred examples of the chlorine ion source include ammonium chloride NH 4 Cl.
  • the concentration of halogen ions in the reaction solution varies depending on the film thickness of the inorganic composition having the inorganic matrix to be produced and other conditions. A range of 0.001 to 2 mol / kg, particularly 0.002 to 0.3 mol / kg is preferable with respect to the total mass. If the halogen ion concentration is lower than 0.001 mol / kg, hydrolysis of the organometallic compound does not proceed sufficiently, and film formation becomes difficult. Moreover, since the produced
  • boron used during the reaction, if to be contained as a B 2 O 3 component in the design the composition of the resulting inorganic matrix, by leaving product was added calculated amount of organic boron compound in accordance with the content of
  • boron can be removed by evaporation as boron methyl ester by heating after film formation in the presence of methanol as a solvent or by immersing in methanol.
  • a main agent solution in which a predetermined amount of an organometallic compound is usually mixed and dissolved in a mixed solvent containing a predetermined amount of water and an organic solvent, and After mixing a predetermined amount of a reaction solution containing a predetermined amount of halogen ions at a predetermined ratio and stirring sufficiently to obtain a uniform reaction solution, the pH of the reaction solution is adjusted to a desired value with an acid or alkali, The reaction product is obtained by aging for several hours. A predetermined amount of the boron compound is previously mixed and dissolved in the main agent solution or reaction solution. Further, when alkoxyborane is used, it is advantageous to dissolve it in the main agent solution together with other organometallic compounds.
  • the pH of the reaction solution is selected according to the purpose, and when the purpose is to form a film made of an inorganic composition having an inorganic matrix (metal oxide glass), the pH is adjusted to 4.5 using an acid such as hydrochloric acid. It is preferable to ripen by adjusting to the range of ⁇ 5. In this case, for example, it is convenient to use a mixture of methyl red and bromocresol green as an indicator.
  • the main component solution and the reaction solution including B 3+ and halogen ions having the same concentration and the same components are added in sequence at the same ratio while being adjusted to a predetermined pH.
  • the reaction product can also be produced continuously.
  • the concentration of the reaction solution is in the range of ⁇ 50% by mass
  • the concentration of water (including acid or alkali) is in the range of ⁇ 30% by mass
  • the concentration of the halogen ion is in the range of ⁇ 30% by mass.
  • reaction product reaction solution after aging
  • reaction solution after aging reaction solution after aging
  • the temperature is raised gradually while paying particular attention to a temperature range of 50 to 70 ° C., followed by a preliminary drying (solvent volatilization) step and further raising the temperature.
  • This drying is important for forming a non-porous film in the case of film formation.
  • the temperature for heating and drying after the preliminary drying step is preferably 70 to 150 ° C, more preferably 80 to 130 ° C.
  • the resin coat layer is preferably provided between the acrylic layer and the reflective layer.
  • the resin coat layer preferably contains a corrosion inhibitor so as to prevent corrosion of the reflective layer.
  • the resin coat layer may consist of only one layer or a plurality of layers.
  • the thickness of the resin coat layer is preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 8 ⁇ m.
  • the binder of the resin coat layer for example, the following resins can be preferably used.
  • Corrosion inhibitor As a corrosion inhibitor, it is preferable to have an adsorptive group for a metal which is a main constituent material of the reflective layer.
  • corrosion refers to a phenomenon in which a metal is chemically or electrochemically eroded or deteriorated in material by an environmental substance surrounding it (see JIS Z0103-2004).
  • the optimum content of the corrosion inhibitor varies depending on the compound used, but is generally preferably in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 g / m 2 .
  • Corrosion inhibitors having an adsorptive group for metals include amines and derivatives thereof, compounds having a pyrrole ring, compounds having a triazole ring such as benzotriazole, compounds having a pyrazole ring, compounds having a thiazole ring, and having an imidazole ring It is desirable to be selected from a compound, a compound having an indazole ring, a copper chelate compound, a thiourea, a compound having a mercapto group, a naphthalene-based compound, or a mixture thereof.
  • the ultraviolet absorber may also serve as a corrosion inhibitor. It is also possible to use a silicone-modified resin. It does not specifically limit as a silicone modified resin.
  • amines and derivatives thereof include ethylamine, laurylamine, tri-n-butylamine, O-toluidine, diphenylamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, 2N- Dimethylethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, acetamide, acrylamide, benzamide, p-ethoxychrysoidine, dicyclohexylammonium nitrite, dicyclohexylammonium salicylate, monoethanolamine benzoate, dicyclohexylammonium benzoate, diisopropyl Ammonium benzoate, diisopropylammonium nitrite , Cyclohexylamine carbamate, nitronaphthalene nitrite, cyclohexylamine benzoate, dicyclohexylamine
  • Examples of the compound having a pyrrole ring include N-butyl-2,5-dimethylpyrrole, N-phenyl-2,5dimethylpyrrole, N-phenyl-3-formyl-2,5-dimethylpyrrole, N-phenyl-3, 4-diformyl-2,5-dimethylpyrrole, etc., or a mixture thereof.
  • Examples of the compound having a triazole ring include 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole, 3-hydroxy-1,2,4-triazole, 3- Methyl-1,2,4-triazole, 1-methyl-1,2,4-triazole, 1-methyl-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole, 4-methyl-1,2,3-triazole, Benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrotriazole, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, 3-amino-5-methyl-1,2,4- Triazole, carboxybenzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy- '-Tert-butylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy3'5'-di-tert-butylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2-
  • Examples of the compound having a pyrazole ring include pyrazole, pyrazoline, pyrazolone, pyrazolidine, pyrazolidone, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, 3-methyl-5-hydroxypyrazole, 4-aminopyrazole, and a mixture thereof.
  • Examples of the compound having a thiazole ring include thiazole, thiazoline, thiazolone, thiazolidine, thiazolidone, isothiazole, benzothiazole, 2-N, N-diethylthiobenzothiazole, P-dimethylaminobenzallodanine, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, etc. Or a mixture thereof.
  • Examples of the compound having an imidazole ring include imidazole, histidine, 2-heptadecylimidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole, 2-undecylimidazole, 1-benzyl-2-methyl Imidazole, 2-phenyl-4-methylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-methylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-phenylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-undecyl Imidazole, 2-phenyl-4-methyl-5-hydromethylimidazole, 2-phenyl-4,5 dihydroxymethylimidazole, 4-formylimidazole, 2-methyl-4-formylimidazole, 2-phenyl-4- Formylimidazole, 4-methyl-5-formylimidazole, 2-ethyl
  • Examples of the compound having an indazole ring include 4-chloroindazole, 4-nitroindazole, 5-nitroindazole, 4-chloro-5-nitroindazole, and a mixture thereof.
  • copper chelate compounds include acetylacetone copper, ethylenediamine copper, phthalocyanine copper, ethylenediaminetetraacetate copper, hydroxyquinoline copper, and the like, or a mixture thereof.
  • thioureas examples include thiourea, guanylthiourea, and the like, or a mixture thereof.
  • mercaptoacetic acid thiophenol, 1,2-ethanediol, 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole, 1-methyl-3-mercapto
  • naphthalene-based compounds examples include thionalide.
  • the reflective layer according to the present invention is a layer made of metal or the like having a function of reflecting sunlight.
  • the surface reflectance of the reflective layer is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
  • the reflective layer may be on the sunlight incident side (front side) or on the opposite side (back side), but for the purpose of preventing the resin base material from being deteriorated by sunlight, It is preferable to arrange on the light incident side.
  • the thickness of the reflective layer is preferably 10 to 200 nm, more preferably 30 to 150 nm, from the viewpoint of reflectivity and the like. It is preferable that the thickness of the reflective layer is larger than 10 nm because the film thickness is sufficient and does not transmit light, and a sufficient reflectance in the visible light region of the film mirror can be secured. Further, the reflectance increases in proportion to the film thickness up to about 200 nm, but it does not depend on the film thickness over 200 nm.
  • the surface roughness Ra of the reflective layer is 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 0.1 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.02 ⁇ m or more and 0.07 ⁇ m or less.
  • the surface roughness on the light incident side should be within a predetermined range. Since the surface roughness Ra of the reflective layer is 0.01 ⁇ m or more, the surface of the film mirror becomes rough due to the roughness, and a roll-to-roll method for continuously forming a film is used in the production stage of the film mirror. Even in this case, sticking such as blocking in the reflective layer of the film mirror and the adjacent layer on the incident light side can be prevented. Further, when the surface becomes rough, the reflected light may be scattered.
  • the film mirror having the reflective layer has a concave shape
  • the surface roughness Ra is 0.1 ⁇ m or less
  • the film mirror is concave.
  • the surface roughness of the reflective layer may be determined by, for example, adding a filler to at least one layer constituting the mirror or selecting a layer having an appropriate surface roughness of a layer other than the reflective layer constituting the mirror. It can be adjusted by carrying out a method such as calendering the entire mirror, winding the film mirror with a suitable tension in a roll shape, or blasting the reflective layer.
  • the reflective layer is formed as a material containing any element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silver, chromium, nickel, titanium, magnesium, rhodium, platinum, palladium, tin, gallium, indium, bismuth and gold. It is preferable.
  • aluminum or silver is preferably the main component from the viewpoint of reflectance and corrosion resistance, and two or more such metal thin films may be formed. By doing so, the reflectance from the infrared region to the visible light region of the film mirror can be increased, and the dependency of the reflectance on the incident angle can be reduced. From the infrared region to the visible light region means a wavelength region of 2500 to 400 nm.
  • the incident angle means an angle with respect to a line (normal line) perpendicular to the film surface.
  • a silver reflection layer mainly composed of silver is preferable.
  • the wet method is a general term for a plating method, and is a method of forming a film by depositing a metal from a solution. Specific examples include silver mirror reaction.
  • the dry method is a general term for a vacuum film forming method, and specifically includes a resistance heating vacuum deposition method, an electron beam heating vacuum deposition method, an ion plating method, an ion beam assisted vacuum deposition method, and a sputtering method. and so on.
  • a vapor deposition method capable of a roll-to-roll method for continuously forming a film is preferably used in the present invention.
  • the manufacturing method of the solar reflective mirror it is preferable that it is a manufacturing method which forms a reflection layer by vapor deposition.
  • two or more metals may be selected from the above element army and used as an alloy.
  • the reflective layer is a film made of a silver alloy
  • 90 to 99.8 atomic percent of silver is included in the total (100 atomic percent) of silver and other metals in the reflective layer.
  • the other metal is preferably 0.2 to 10 atomic% from the viewpoint of durability.
  • gold is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of high temperature humidity resistance and reflectance.
  • the reflective layer in the present invention it is particularly preferable to use a silver reflective layer.
  • “Silver complex compound having a ligand that can be vaporized / desorbed” has a ligand for stably dissolving silver in a solution, but the ligand is removed by removing the solvent and heating and firing. Is a silver complex compound that can be thermally decomposed into CO 2 or a low molecular weight amine compound, vaporized / desorbed, and only metallic silver remains.
  • the silver complex compound is contained in the silver coating liquid composition, and a coating film containing the complex according to the present invention is formed on the support by coating this. That is, it is preferable to form a silver reflective layer by forming a coating film on a film using a silver complex compound and then baking the coating film at a temperature in the range of 80 to 250 ° C. More preferably, it is in the range of 100 to 220, particularly preferably in the range of 120 to 200 ° C. There is no restriction
  • X is oxygen, sulfur, halogen, cyano, cyanate, carbonate, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, phosphate, thiocyanate, chlorate, perchlorate, tetrafluoroborate, acetylacetonate, carboxy And a substituent selected from these derivatives, n is an integer of 1 to 4, and R 1 to R 6 are independently of each other hydrogen, C1 to C30 aliphatic or alicyclic And a substituent selected from a group alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group, an alkyl or aryl group substituted with a functional group, a heterocyclic compound group, a polymer compound and a derivative thereof.
  • Specific examples of the general formula (6) include, for example, silver oxide, silver thiocyanate, silver sulfide, silver chloride, silver cyanide, silver cyanate, silver carbonate, silver nitrate, silver nitrite, silver sulfate, silver phosphate, perchlorine.
  • Examples include, but are not limited to, acid silver, silver tetrafluoroborate, silver acetylacetonate, silver acetate, silver lactate, silver oxalate and derivatives thereof.
  • R 1 to R 6 are specifically, for example, hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, amyl, hexyl, ethylhexyl, heptyl, octyl, isooctyl , Nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, docodecyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, aryl, hydroxy, methoxy, hydroxyethyl, methoxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, methoxypropyl, cyanoethyl, ethoxy, butoxy, hexyloxy, methoxy Ethoxyethyl, methoxyethoxyethoxyethyl, hexamethyleneimine, morpholine
  • Examples of compounds of the general formulas (7) to (9) include, for example, ammonium carbamate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ethylammonium ethylcarbamate, isopropylammonium isopropylcarbamate, n- Butyl ammonium n-butyl carbamate, isobutyl ammonium isobutyl carbamate, t-butyl ammonium t-butyl carbamate, 2-ethylhexyl ammonium 2-ethylhexyl carbamate, octadecyl ammonium octadecyl carbamate, 2-methoxyethyl ammonium 2-methoxyethyl carbamate 2-cyanoethylammonium 2-cyanoethylcarbamate, dibutylammonium dibutylcarbamate, dioctadecylammonium dioctadec
  • ammonium carbamate or ammonium carbonate compound are not particularly limited.
  • US Pat. No. 4,542,214 describes that ammonium carbamate compounds can be prepared from carbon dioxide and primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, or at least one of these mixtures. When 0.5 mol of water is further added per 1 mol of the amine, an ammonium carbonate compound is obtained. When 1 mol or more of water is added, an ammonium bicarbonate compound can be obtained.
  • alcohols such as water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, glycerin, etc.
  • Glycols ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetates such as carbitol acetate, ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, Examples include aromatics such as benzene and toluene, and halogen-substituted solvents such as chloroform, methylene chloride, and carbon tetrachloride, or mixed solvents thereof. Is carbon dioxide bubbled in the gas phase?
  • any known method may be used for the production of the ammonium carbamate or ammonium carbonate derivative as long as the structure of the final substance is the same. That is, it is not necessary to specifically limit the solvent, reaction temperature, concentration or catalyst for production, and the production yield is not affected.
  • An organic silver complex compound can be produced by reacting the ammonium carbamate or ammonium carbonate compound thus produced with a silver compound.
  • a silver compound for example, at least one silver compound represented by the general formula (6), at least one ammonium carbamate or ammonium carbonate derivative represented by the general formulas (7) to (9), and a mixture thereof.
  • alcohols such as water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, glycerin Glycols such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetates such as carbitol acetate, ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone and acetone, hydrocarbons such as hexane and heptane Of benzene, toluene Aromatic UNA, and chloroform and methylene chloride, and halogen-substituted solvents or a mixed solvent such as carbon tetrachloride can be used.
  • glycerin Glycols such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetates such as carbitol acetate
  • ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofur
  • a solution in which a silver compound of the general formula (6) and one or more amine compounds are mixed is reacted with carbon dioxide to produce a silver complex.
  • Compounds can also be produced.
  • the reaction can be performed directly without using a solvent in a normal pressure or pressurized state of a nitrogen atmosphere, or can be performed using a solvent.
  • any known method may be used as long as the structure of the final material is the same. That is, it is not necessary to specifically limit the solvent for the production, the reaction temperature, the concentration, the presence or absence of the catalyst, and the production yield is not affected.
  • the silver complex compound has a production method described in JP-T-2008-530001, and is recognized by the structure of the following general formula (10).
  • the silver coating liquid composition used for forming a highly reflective and highly glossy reflective surface contains the above-mentioned silver complex compound, and if necessary, a solvent, a stabilizer, a leveling agent, a thin film Adjuncts, reducing agents, and additives for thermal decomposition reaction accelerators can be contained in the silver coating composition. Additives such as adjuvants, reducing agents and thermal decomposition reaction accelerators can be contained in the silver coating composition of the present invention.
  • examples of the stabilizer include amine compounds such as primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines, ammonium carbamates, ammonium carbonates, ammonium bicarbonate compounds, phosphines, and phosphites. And a phosphorus compound such as phosphate, a sulfur compound such as thiol and sulfide, and at least one mixture thereof.
  • amine compounds include, for example, methyl Amine, ethylamine, n-propylamine, isopropylamine, n-butylamine, isobutylamine, isoamylamine, n-hexylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, n-heptylamine, n-o Tylamine, isooctylamine, nonylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, docodecylamine, cyclopropylamine, cyclopentylamine, cyclohexylamine, arylamine, hydroxyamine, ammonium hydroxide, methoxyamine, 2-ethanol Amine, methoxyethylamine, 2-hydroxypropylamine, 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropylamine, methoxypropylamine, cyanoethylamine, ethoxyamine, n-
  • ammonium carbamate, carbonate, and bicarbonate compounds include ammonium carbamate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ethylammonium ethylcarbamate, isopropylammonium isopropylcarbamate, and n-butyl.
  • R 3 P examples include a phosphorus compound represented by (RO) 3 P or (RO) 3 PO.
  • R represents an alkyl or aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and specific examples thereof include tributylphosphine, triphenylphosphine, triethyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, dibenzyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate and the like.
  • sulfur compound examples include butanethiol, n-hexanethiol, diethyl sulfide, tetrahydrothiophene, aryl disulfide, 2-mercaptobenzoazole, tetrahydrothiophene, octylthioglycolate, and the like.
  • the amount of such a stabilizer used is not particularly limited as long as it matches the ink characteristics of the present invention.
  • the content is preferably 0.1% to 90% in terms of molar ratio with respect to the silver compound.
  • examples of the thin film auxiliary agent include organic acids and organic acid derivatives, or at least one mixture thereof. Specifically, for example, acetic acid, butyric acid (valeric acid), valeric acid (pivalic acid), hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, 2-ethyl-hexanoic acid, neodecanoic acid, lauric acid ( Lauric acid), stearic acid, naphthalic acid, and the like.
  • organic acid derivatives include ammonium acetate, ammonium citrate, ammonium laurate, ammonium lactate, and ammonium maleate.
  • Organic acid ammonium salts such as ammonium oxalate and ammonium molybdate, gold, copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt, palladium, platinum, titanium, vanadium, manganese, iron, chromium, zirconium, niobium Manganese oxalate containing metals such as molybdenum, tungsten, ruthenium, cadmium, tantalum, rhenium, osmium, iridium, aluminum, gallium, germanium, indium, tin, antimony, lead, bismuth, samarium, europium, actinium, thorium, etc.
  • metals such as molybdenum, tungsten, ruthenium, cadmium, tantalum, rhenium, osmium, iridium, aluminum, gallium, germanium, indium, tin, antimony, lead, bismuth, samarium, europium, actinium,
  • organic acid metal salts such as gold acetate, palladium oxalate, silver 2-ethylhexanoate, silver octoate, silver neodecanoate, cobalt stearate, nickel naphthalate and cobalt naphthalate.
  • the amount of the thin film auxiliary used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 25% in terms of molar ratio with respect to the silver complex compound.
  • Examples of the reducing agent include Lewis acid or weak Bronsted acid, and specific examples include hydrazine, hydrazine monohydrate, acetohydrazide, sodium borohydride or potassium borohydride, dimethylamine borane, Amine compounds such as butylamine borane, metal salts such as ferrous chloride and iron lactate, hydrogen, hydrogen iodide, carbon monoxide, aldehyde compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and glyoxal, methyl formate, butyl formate, triethyl Mention may be made of formic acid compounds such as o-formic acid and mixtures thereof containing at least one reducing organic compound such as glucose, ascorbic acid and hydroquinone.
  • formic acid compounds such as o-formic acid and mixtures thereof containing at least one reducing organic compound such as glucose, ascorbic acid and hydroquinone.
  • thermal decomposition reaction accelerator examples include ethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, propanolamine, butanolamine, hexanolamine, hydroxyalkylamines such as dimethylethanolamine, piperidine, and N-methylpiperidine.
  • a solvent is required for adjusting the viscosity of the silver coating liquid composition and for forming a smooth thin film.
  • the solvent that can be used in this case include water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, 1-methoxypropanol, butanol, Ethyl hexyl alcohol, alcohols such as terpineol, ethylene glycol, glycols such as glycerin, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methoxypropyl acetate, carbitol acetate, acetates such as ethyl carbitol acetate, methyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, diethyl Ethers such as ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, dimethylformamide, ketones such as 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, hexane, Hydrocarbons such as pent
  • Nitrogen-containing cyclic compound in the adjacent layer of the silver reflective layer When forming a silver reflective layer by heating and baking a coating film containing a silver complex compound capable of vaporizing and desorbing a ligand when forming a silver reflective layer, a nitrogen-containing cyclic layer is formed adjacent to the silver reflective layer. It is preferable to contain a compound.
  • a corrosion inhibitor and an antioxidant having an adsorptive group for silver are preferably used.
  • a desired corrosion prevention effect can be obtained by using a nitrogen-containing cyclic compound.
  • a nitrogen-containing cyclic compound For example, it is desirable to be selected from at least one of a compound having a pyrrole ring, a compound having a triazole ring, a compound having a pyrazole ring, a compound having an imidazole ring, a compound having an indazole ring, or a mixture thereof.
  • compounds having a pyrrole ring compounds having a triazole ring, compounds having a pyrazole ring, compounds having an imidazole ring, and compounds having an indazole ring, ⁇ 2-6-1. What is described in ⁇ Corrosion inhibitor> can be preferably used.
  • antioxidant it is preferable to use a phenol-based antioxidant, a thiol-based antioxidant, and a phosphite-based antioxidant.
  • examples of the phenol-based antioxidant, the thiol-based antioxidant, and the phosphite-based antioxidant are ⁇ 2-1-3 (b). What was described by antioxidant> can be used conveniently.
  • the said antioxidant and light stabilizer can also be used together.
  • the light stabilizer it is preferable to use a hindered amine light stabilizer or a nickel ultraviolet stabilizer. As the hindered amine light stabilizer and the nickel ultraviolet light stabilizer, ⁇ 2-1-3 (b). What was described by antioxidant> can be used conveniently.
  • Anchor layer consists of resin, and is a layer provided preferably in order to make a resin film-like support body and a reflective layer adhere. Therefore, the anchor layer has an adhesive property that allows the resin film-like support and the reflective layer to adhere to each other, heat resistance that can withstand heat when the reflective layer is formed by a vacuum deposition method, and the high reflective performance that the reflective layer originally has. Smoothness for drawing out is necessary.
  • the resin used for the anchor layer is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above adhesiveness, heat resistance, and smoothness conditions.
  • Polyester resin, acrylic resin, melamine resin, epoxy resin, polyamide Resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl chloride vinyl acetate copolymer resin, etc. can be used singly or as a mixed resin. From the viewpoint of weather resistance, polyester resin and melamine resin mixed resin or polyester resin and acrylic resin can be used.
  • a resin mixed resin is preferable, and a thermosetting resin in which a curing agent such as isocyanate is further mixed is more preferable.
  • the thickness of the anchor layer is preferably 0.01 to 3 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 to 2 ⁇ m. By satisfying this range, the unevenness of the resin film-like support surface can be covered while maintaining the adhesion, the smoothness can be improved, and the anchor layer can be sufficiently cured. The reflectance can be increased.
  • the anchor layer has the above ⁇ 2-6-1. It is preferable to contain the corrosion inhibitor described in ⁇ Corrosion inhibitor>.
  • an anchor layer can use conventionally well-known coating methods, such as a gravure coat method, a reverse coat method, and a die coat method.
  • polyester films such as polyethylene terephthalate, norbornene resin films, cellulose ester films, and acrylic films are preferable.
  • a polyester film such as polyethylene terephthalate or an acrylic film, and it may be a film manufactured by melt casting film formation or a film manufactured by solution casting film formation.
  • the resin film-like support is preferably located at a position farther from the light incident side than the reflective layer, ultraviolet rays hardly reach the resin film-like support.
  • an ultraviolet absorber is contained in an acrylic layer or the like that is preferably on the light incident side of the resin film-like support, ultraviolet rays are less likely to reach the resin film-like support. Therefore, the resin film-like support can be used even if it is a resin that easily deteriorates with respect to ultraviolet rays. From such a viewpoint, it becomes possible to use a polyester film such as polyethylene terephthalate as the resin film-like support.
  • the thickness of the resin film-like support is preferably set to an appropriate thickness according to the type and purpose of the resin. For example, it is generally in the range of 10 to 250 ⁇ m. The thickness is preferably 20 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the adhesive layer of a film mirror is a layer for joining a film mirror to a base material by the said adhesive layer, and forming a mirror for sunlight reflection.
  • the film mirror may have the layer by a peeling sheet in the reverse side to the sunlight incident side of an adhesion layer.
  • the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and for example, any of a dry laminating agent, a wet laminating agent, an adhesive, a heat seal agent, a hot melt agent and the like can be used.
  • a polyester resin, a urethane resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, an acrylic resin, a nitrile rubber, or the like is used.
  • the laminating method for joining the adhesive layer and the substrate is not particularly limited. For example, it is preferable to carry out the roll method continuously from the viewpoint of economy and productivity.
  • the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is usually preferably in the range of about 1 to 100 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of the pressure-sensitive adhesive effect, the drying speed, and the like.
  • the thickness is larger than 1 ⁇ m, it is preferable because a sufficient adhesive effect can be obtained.
  • the thickness is smaller than 100 ⁇ m, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not too thick and the drying speed is not slowed, which is efficient.
  • the original adhesive strength can be obtained, and no adverse effects such as residual solvent can occur.
  • the film mirror may have a release sheet layer on the side opposite to the light incident side of the adhesive layer.
  • the film mirror when the film mirror is shipped, it can be shipped with the release sheet attached to the adhesive layer, and the release sheet can be peeled off to expose the adhesive layer and bonded to the substrate to form a solar reflective mirror.
  • Any release sheet may be used as long as it can provide protection of the reflective layer.
  • a resin film kneaded with silica, aluminum powder, copper powder, or the like, or a resin film coated with a resin kneaded with these, or subjected to metallization with a metal such as aluminum is used.
  • the thickness of the release sheet is not particularly limited but is preferably in the range of 12 to 250 ⁇ m.
  • the surface roughness Ra of the release layer is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 0.1 ⁇ m or less. Due to the surface roughness of the release layer, the surface of the mirror for reflecting sunlight or the surface of the reflecting layer is also roughened. Therefore, even when using a roll-to-roll method that continuously forms films in the production stage of film mirrors, sticking such as blocking Can prevent sticking.
  • the surface of the solar reflective mirror or film mirror may become rough and the reflected light may scatter, but the film mirror has a concave shape, A decrease in reflection efficiency can be prevented.
  • the shape of the film mirror Before sticking the release sheet to the film mirror, the shape of the film mirror may be a concave shape, may be a concave shape after being bonded, or may be a concave shape at the same time as the bonding. Good.
  • the method of making the film mirror into a concave shape is not particularly limited, but by making the substrate bonded to the film mirror into a concave shape, the film mirror can be made into a concave shape in conjunction with it. Preferably used. Of course, it is needless to say that the film mirror can have a concave shape as a result by devising a method for bonding the film mirror to the substrate. However, since the film mirror alone is thin and has low rigidity, even if the film mirror is deformed into a concave shape, the surface has a risk of reducing the wave reflection efficiency.
  • Method for making a base material that is variable to a concave shape to be concave> There is no particular limitation on the method of making a base material that can be changed into a concave shape into a concave shape, but the cost for making the base material into a concave shape is low, and the method of making a concave shape It is preferable that the procedure is easy and does not interfere with the performance of the film mirror bonded to the substrate. Furthermore, it is preferable that the curvature of the concave shape of the film mirror bonded to the base material can be adjusted as appropriate, and in particular, the concave shape of the film mirror bonded to the base material can be easily made substantially parabolic or parabolic. It is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining high reflection efficiency that the surface can be formed.
  • the X axis and the Y axis are axes on a plane parallel to the surface of the base material before the concave shape, and the X axis and the Y axis are orthogonal to each other.
  • the Z axis is an axis perpendicular to the surface of the base material before the concave shape, and is an axis orthogonal to both the X axis and the Y axis.
  • Examples of a method for making a base material that is variable to a concave shape into a concave shape include changing the relative position in the Z-axis direction between the central portion and the outer region of the base material.
  • the position of the central portion in the Z-axis direction may be fixed, and the position of the outer region may be variable.
  • the position of the central portion may be variable, and the position of the outer region in the Z-axis direction may be variable.
  • the position may be restricted.
  • the position of the central portion and the position of the outer region may be variable.
  • the position of the outer region is restricted, and the position of the central part is variable.
  • the position of the central portion is made variable mainly in the Z-axis direction.
  • the center part of the base material is a part near the center point when the base material is viewed from the Z-axis direction, or near the center when the base material is circular, and near the intersection of diagonal lines when the base material is square In the case of a regular hexagonal shape, it is preferably near the intersection of diagonal lines.
  • the surface near the center of gravity of the base material or the surface near the center of gravity when the base material is assumed to be formed of a uniform material may be indicated.
  • a center part is an area of 10% or less of the total area of the base-material surface.
  • region of a base material refers to the area
  • the outer region is selected not in the form of a dot but in the form of a line or a plane, it is more preferable to select the line or plane so that it is substantially a circle or a circle.
  • a structure having a certain height in the Z-axis direction is provided, and the base material is disposed so that the outer region is in contact with the structure. can give. By doing so, the height of the outer region in the Z-axis direction does not become lower than the height of the structure.
  • the position in the Z-axis direction may change while moving in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, and restricting in the Z-axis direction excludes this. is not. That is, “regulating” in the Z-axis direction does not mean “fixing” in the Z-axis direction.
  • the reflection efficiency can be improved.
  • the sunlight reflecting mirror is mainly used outdoors, it is exposed to sunlight heat, ultraviolet rays, wind and rain, and sandstorms.
  • the outer ring has a concave distortion in the region, deterioration of the film mirror due to the external environment is promoted around the distorted portion.
  • Examples of the fixing member that fixes the position of the center portion of the base material in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction include screws, spacers, magnets, and adhesives.
  • the fixing member may pass through the film mirror and fix the base material to the fixing destination member, but preferably the base material is fixed to the fixing destination member without passing through the film mirror. More preferably, no fixing member is exposed on the surface of the film mirror.
  • the fixing member when the fixing member is a screw or a spacer and has a film mirror on the base material, the fixing member is in a state of passing through the base material and fixing to the fixing destination member, Preferably, the fixing member is provided on the fixing member, the fixing member does not penetrate the reflective layer of the film mirror, and the fixing member (a screw head of the screw or a part of the spacer) is not exposed to the upper part of the reflective layer. Since the fixing member does not penetrate the reflective layer, it is possible to prevent the end surface of the through portion of the base material from being deteriorated by contact with the outside air, and it is also possible to prevent distortion in the vicinity of the through portion of the base material. Furthermore, since the fixing member is not exposed at all on the surface of the reflective layer, the entire surface of the reflective layer can be used for sunlight reflection, so that the reflection efficiency can be improved.
  • the fixed member may have a movable part.
  • the fixing member has a movable part between a member to which the base material is fixed and the base material, or between a part that contacts the base material and the film mirror, and the base material and the base to which the base material is fixed, or the base material Flexibility may be given to the positional relationship between the mirror and the film mirror.
  • the center portion of the film mirror or the substrate is fixed in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction in principle, but may be slightly movable on the plane. With such a configuration, the possibility of obtaining a smoother concave shape can be increased.
  • a mechanism for moving a screw, a spacer, a magnet, or the like provided in the central portion of the base material in the Z-axis direction manually or by an actuator can be considered.
  • a screw that penetrates the center part of the fixing destination member and the base material is provided, and the position of the central part of the base material can be changed in the Z-axis direction according to the amount of tightening the screw, and accordingly, The curvature of the film mirror can also be changed. By doing so, it is possible to obtain the optimum reflection efficiency according to the distance.
  • the above-described fixing member may also serve as means for changing the position in the Z-axis direction.
  • the structure having a certain height in the Z-axis direction may also serve as means for changing the position in the Z-axis direction.
  • the structure having a certain height in the Z-axis direction and the fixed member may be integrated.
  • the outer region of the base material it is not necessary for the outer region of the base material to have fixed positions in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
  • the outer region of the base material is disposed on the structure having a certain height in the Z-axis direction, when changing the relative position of the center portion and the outer region in the Z-axis direction, The region may slide on the structure while touching it.
  • a concave shape can be obtained by elastically deforming the base material and changing the relative position in the Z-axis direction between the central portion and the outer region. Further, the concave surface can be a beautiful curved surface, and a shape having a high reflection efficiency such as a paraboloid or a substantially paraboloid shape can be easily obtained. In addition, since the outer region is not fixed, distortion can be prevented from occurring in the outer region when the film mirror is formed in a concave shape by changing the relative position of the central portion and the outer region in the Z-axis direction.
  • the “structure” is provided between the fixing member and the base material, and is in contact with the periphery of the base material at three or more points or in a circumferential shape.
  • the structure preferably has a certain height on the Z-axis.
  • it is preferable that the structure is fixed to the member at the fixing destination.
  • the structure preferably regulates the height in the Z-axis direction without fixing the base material.
  • a preferable shape of the structure includes a circumferential shape, a square shape, a plurality of convex portions having three or more points, and the like. When it is set as a some convex part, it is preferable that the distance between adjacent convex parts is respectively equal.
  • the structure body has the same height from the member of a fixation destination.
  • the shape of the structure is preferably a shape arranged at an equal distance from the center of the base material when viewed from the Z-axis direction.
  • the shape of the structure is a ring shape centered on the center of the base material when viewed from the Z-axis direction as shown in RL of FIGS. 3A, 3B, 4A, and 4B. It is to be.
  • the most preferable structure is a ring-like shape arranged on the periphery of the fixing member and in the periphery, and is circularly arranged at the same distance from the central portion with the same height from the fixing member.
  • the structure is preferably an inscribed circle of a base material or a member to be fixed.
  • the circumferential structure such as a circumferential shape or a square circumferential shape
  • various cross-sectional shapes in the Z-axis direction can be used, for example, as shown in (A) to (Q) of FIG.
  • the cross-sectional shape can be uniform in the circumferential direction.
  • the structure having a certain height on the Z-axis be in point contact with the base material so that the base material can easily move so that the peripheral part of the film mirror is not distorted. Therefore, from this point of view, the cross section of the structure is preferably (A) to (G) or (L) to (O) in FIG.
  • the cross-sectional shape is a shape including at least a part of a circle or ellipse at the top ((A), (B), (C), (E), (L), (M) in FIG. ).
  • the structure preferably has a certain degree of rigidity.
  • the structure preferably has a Young's modulus twice or more that of the base material.
  • a material of the structure for example, titanium, iron, steel, SUS, FRP, copper, brass or bronze, aluminum, glass, rubber, silicon, Teflon (registered trademark), resin, or the like can be used.
  • the surface of the structure is preferably a slippery shape and material.
  • the space formed by the structure, the fixing member, and the base material is not sealed and has air permeability. If it is sealed, the base and film mirrors may be deformed due to changes in air pressure due to outdoor temperature changes. Even if it does, since a structure and a film mirror do not deform
  • the “fixed member” is a member that supports the base material. More specifically, it is preferable to fix the center part of the base material to a member to be fixed, and fix the positions of the center part in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
  • the surface of the member to be fixed is preferably a smooth flat surface.
  • the fixing member has a certain degree of rigidity.
  • the fixing member preferably has a Young's modulus twice or more that of the base material.
  • the position of the central portion in the Z-axis direction may not be fixed.
  • the fixing member preferably has an area that allows the entire structure to be included on the surface thereof.
  • the shape viewed from the orthogonal direction of the fixing destination member surface is circular, elliptical, quadrangular such as square or rectangular, regular hexagonal shape, etc.
  • the shape is Moreover, it is preferable that the shape and magnitude
  • the fixing destination member may be a single plate shape, or may be a shape in which a plurality of plates of different materials are laminated, and the inside is a honeycomb structure or a lattice shape for weight reduction.
  • a shape having a frame and having a surface covered with a thin plate may be used.
  • a material of the member to be fixed titanium, iron, steel, SUS, FRP, copper, brass or bronze, aluminum, glass, or the like can be used alone or as a composite material.
  • these materials are preferably used as a plate material so that a hollow structure such as a honeycomb structure is sandwiched between them, thereby promoting weight reduction.
  • the honeycomb structure can be formed by processing aluminum, resin, paper or the like. More specific examples of the fixing member include a honeycomb structure sandwiched between two aluminum alloy plates, a foam layer sandwiched between two aluminum alloy plates, and a honeycomb structure composed of two FRP boards.
  • Examples include a sandwich structure, an aluminum alloy plate and an FRP board sandwiching a honeycomb structure, and a SUS plate sandwiching a honeycomb structure.
  • the center part of the member of a fixation destination is defined similarly to the center part of a base material.
  • the method of making the base material fixed to the concave shape into the concave shape is not particularly limited, but the cost for making the base material into the concave shape is low, and the method of making the concave shape It is preferable that the above procedure is easy and that the performance of the film mirror bonded to the substrate is not hindered as much as possible. Moreover, it is preferable that the substrate itself is fixed to the substantially paraboloid or the paraboloid so that the shape of the concave surface of the film mirror bonded to the substrate can be the substantially paraboloid or the paraboloid. Examples of a method for producing a base material fixed in a concave shape include production by molding using a mold or the like.
  • the solar power generation reflection device includes a solar reflection mirror and a holding member that holds the solar reflection mirror.
  • a structure and a fixing member are provided under a sunlight reflecting mirror having a film mirror and a base material, and a holding member is further provided therebelow.
  • the holding member may also serve as a structure or a fixing member.
  • a cylindrical member having fluid inside is provided as a heat collecting part in the vicinity of the film mirror, and the internal fluid is heated by reflecting sunlight to the cylindrical member.
  • a form generally referred to as a trough type, which generates heat by converting thermal energy, can be cited as one form.
  • the solar power generation system called a tower type as shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 8 is also mentioned. Similar to the trough solar power generation system, the tower solar power generation system has at least one heat collecting part and at least one solar power reflecting device for reflecting sunlight and irradiating the heat collecting part. However, there is one that heats a liquid using heat collected in a heat collecting section and rotates a turbine to generate electricity. In addition, it is preferable that a plurality of solar power generation reflecting devices are arranged around the heat collecting section. Further, it is preferable that a plurality of solar power generation reflecting devices are arranged in a concentric circle shape or a concentric fan shape as shown in FIG. In the tower type photovoltaic power generation system shown in FIGS.
  • the present invention can be suitably used for a tower type solar thermal power generation system in which the distance between the solar power generation reflecting device and the light collecting portion is 10 m or more.
  • it can be suitably used not only for the above-described beam-down type tower type solar thermal power generation system but also for various tower type solar thermal power generation systems such as a tower top type.
  • the solar reflective mirror and the solar power generation reflector of the present invention can be suitably used for a tower type solar thermal power generation system.
  • the holding member preferably holds the solar counter mirror in a state where the sun can be tracked.
  • the holding member preferably has a configuration for holding the sunlight reflecting mirror in a state where the sun can be tracked.
  • the holding member may be driven manually or a separate driving device may be provided to automatically It is good also as a structure which tracks.
  • ⁇ Measurement method of surface roughness Ra> The surface roughness was measured with a three-dimensional measuring device NH-3SP (Mitaka Kogyo). The measurement conditions at that time were a measurement range of 2 mm, a measurement pitch of 2 ⁇ m, an objective lens of 100 ⁇ , and a cutoff value of 0.250 mm.
  • ⁇ Measurement method of reflection efficiency immediately after pasting the substrate> A device capable of measuring the light collection rate within 2 mrad was prepared and measured.
  • the optical system of the reflection efficiency measuring apparatus 1000 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
  • the reflection efficiency measuring apparatus 1000 includes a light source (halogen light source) 1001, a lens 1002, an aperture 1003, a parallel light adjustment lens 1004, a mirror 1005, a parallel light adjustment lens 1006, an aperture 1007, a detection system 1008, and the like.
  • the parallel light adjusting lens is a lens that generates parallel light.
  • the solid line indicates an optical path without scattering
  • the dotted line indicates an optical path due to scattering.
  • polyester resin Polyethylene terephthalate film
  • melamine resin Super Becamine J-820, manufactured by DIC
  • TDI-based isocyanate (2,4-tolylene diisocyanate)
  • a resin in which a polyester resin and a TDI (tolylene diisocyanate) isocyanate are mixed at a resin solid content ratio of 10: 2 is coated on the silver reflective layer 3 by a gravure coating method to obtain a thickness of 3.0 ⁇ m.
  • the resin coat layer 8 was formed.
  • a surface roughness Ra0 Containing a UV absorber as a polyethylene terephthalate layer 5 ′ instead of the adhesive layer 4 and the acrylic layer 5 in Examples described later is formed on the resin coat layer 8 by a dry lamination process.
  • polyethylene terephthalate (thickness: 100 ⁇ m) was laminated using a roll-to-roll method under conditions of a speed of 5 m / min, a tension of 60 N, and a pressure of 2 kPa. Further, one side of a 25 ⁇ m thick polyester separate film as a release layer 7 was prepared by adding 1 part of a platinum catalyst to 100 parts of an addition reaction type silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive having a weight average molecular weight of 500,000 to form a 35 mass% toluene solution. After coating at 25 ° C.
  • Example 1 A film mirror used in Example 1 was obtained.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of this film mirror was 0.005 ⁇ m
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the reflective layer was 0.005 ⁇ m.
  • the release layer 7 was peeled from the film mirror used in Comparative Example 1 and joined to a substrate having a surface roughness Ra of 0.02 ⁇ m.
  • a substrate having a surface roughness Ra of 0.02 ⁇ m As the base material, an aluminum plate having a thickness of 2 mm, a length of 50 cm ⁇ a width of 50 cm, and a bolt penetrating from the upper part to the lower part of the central opening was used. The upper surface of the aluminum plate and the film mirror were bonded together through the adhesive layer 6 to obtain a solar reflective mirror used in Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 6 shows an outline of the positional relationship among the sunlight reflecting mirror, the structure, the fixing member, and the fixing destination member.
  • a Teflon tube which is equidistant from the center of the substrate, has a uniform height, has a ring shape inscribed in the substrate, and has a circular cross section (FIG. 5A).
  • a bolt, a washer, and a nut were used as a fixing member that also served as a means for changing the position in the Z-axis direction.
  • FIG. 4A is a top view of a solar reflection mirror, a structure, a fixing member, and a fixing destination member, and FIG.
  • FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view.
  • the base material joined to the film mirror is elastically deformed by the axial force acting on the bolt, and the central portion of the film mirror approaches the Z-axis direction toward the fixed member.
  • the base material bonded to the film mirror is restricted in the Z-axis direction by the structure, but is not restricted and fixed in the X and Y directions.
  • the outer peripheral region slides between the structures, and a relative displacement is generated to adjust the curvature of the film mirror. Therefore, after assembling as shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, the nut was tightened, the curvature of the film mirror was adjusted, and the reflection device of Comparative Example 1 was produced by making the shape approximately parabolic.
  • Example 1 (Preparation of film mirror used in Example 1) An outline of the layer structure of the film mirror used in Example 1 is shown in FIG.
  • the resin film-like support 1 a biaxially stretched polyester film (polyethylene terephthalate film, thickness 25 ⁇ m) having a surface roughness Ra of 0.02 ⁇ m was used.
  • polyester resin Polyethylene terephthalate film
  • melamine resin Super Becamine J-820, manufactured by DIC
  • TDI-based isocyanate (2,4-tolylene diisocyanate)
  • a resin in which a polyester resin and a TDI (tolylene diisocyanate) isocyanate are mixed at a resin solid content ratio of 10: 2 is coated on the silver reflective layer 3 by a gravure coating method to obtain a thickness of 3.0 ⁇ m.
  • the resin coat layer 8 was formed.
  • a transparent acrylic film (Acryprene HBS010P manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) having a surface roughness Ra of 0.01 ⁇ m and further containing an ultraviolet absorber as an adhesive layer 4 and an acrylic layer 5 on the resin coating layer 8 by a dry lamination process.
  • a thickness of 100 ⁇ m was bonded by a roll-to-roll method under conditions of a lamination temperature of 60 ° C., a speed of 5 m / min, a tension of 60 N, and a pressure of 2 kPa. The condition at this time is defined as bonding condition A.
  • one side of a 25 ⁇ m thick polyester separate film as a release layer 7 was prepared by adding 1 part of a platinum catalyst to 100 parts of an addition reaction type silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive having a weight average molecular weight of 500,000 to form a 35 mass% toluene solution. After coating to 130 ° C.
  • silicone adhesive layer 6 Si system
  • a silicone adhesive layer 6 Si system
  • a thickness of 25 ⁇ m it is laminated on the side opposite to the anchor layer and the silver reflective layer of the polyethylene terephthalate film.
  • a film mirror used in Example 1 was obtained.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of this film mirror was 0.01 ⁇ m
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the reflective layer was 0.02 ⁇ m.
  • the release layer 7 was peeled from the film mirror used in Example 1 and bonded to a substrate having a surface roughness Ra of 0.02 ⁇ m.
  • a substrate having a surface roughness Ra of 0.02 ⁇ m.
  • an aluminum plate having a thickness of 2 mm and a length of 50 cm ⁇ width of 50 cm was used.
  • the upper surface of the aluminum plate and the film mirror were bonded together via the adhesive layer 6 to obtain a solar reflective mirror used in Example 1.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the solar reflective mirror used in Example 1 produced by the method described above was measured according to ⁇ Measurement Method of Surface Roughness>, the surface roughness Ra was 0.01 ⁇ m. .
  • FIG. 6 shows an outline of the positional relationship among the sunlight reflecting mirror, the structure, the fixing member, and the fixing destination member.
  • a Teflon tube which is equidistant from the center of the substrate, has a uniform height, has a ring shape inscribed in the substrate, and has a circular cross section (FIG. 5A).
  • a bolt, a washer, and a nut were used as a fixing member that also served as a means for changing the position in the Z-axis direction.
  • FIG. 4A is a top view of a solar reflection mirror, a structure, a fixing member, and a fixing destination member, and FIG.
  • FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view.
  • the base material joined to the film mirror is elastically deformed by the axial force acting on the bolt, and the central portion of the film mirror approaches the Z-axis direction toward the fixed member.
  • the base material bonded to the film mirror is restricted in the Z-axis direction by the structure, but is not restricted and fixed in the X and Y directions.
  • the outer peripheral region slides between the structures, and a relative displacement is generated to adjust the curvature of the film mirror. Therefore, after assembling as shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, the nut was tightened, the curvature of the film mirror was adjusted, and the shape of the substantially paraboloid was formed to produce the reflecting device of Example 1.
  • Example 2 (Preparation of film mirror used in Example 2) A film mirror used in Example 2 was prepared in the same manner as in the film mirror of Example 1, except that 30% by mass of acrylic rubber (average particle size 10 nm) was contained in the acrylic layer 5 as a filler.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of this film mirror was 0.03 ⁇ m, and the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the reflective layer was 0.03 ⁇ m.
  • the release layer 7 was peeled off from the film mirror used in Example 2 and bonded to a substrate having a surface roughness Ra of 0.02 ⁇ m.
  • a substrate having a surface roughness Ra As the base material, an aluminum plate having a thickness of 2 mm, a length of 50 cm ⁇ a width of 50 cm, and a bolt penetrating from the upper part to the lower part of the central opening was used.
  • the upper surface of the aluminum plate and the film mirror were bonded together via the adhesive layer 6 to obtain a solar reflective mirror used in Example 2.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the solar reflective mirror used in Example 2 produced by the method described above was measured according to ⁇ Measurement Method of Surface Roughness>, the surface roughness Ra was 0.03 ⁇ m. .
  • Example 3 (Preparation of film mirror used in Example 3)
  • the film mirror used in Example 3 was similarly prepared except that the filler content was 40% by mass and the bonding condition A was changed as described in Table 1. Produced.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of this film mirror was 0.05 ⁇ m, and the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the reflective layer was 0.03 ⁇ m.
  • Example 3 (Preparation of a solar reflective mirror used in Example 3) The solar reflective mirror used in Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as the solar reflective mirror of Example 2 above.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the solar reflective mirror used in Example 3 was measured according to ⁇ Measurement Method of Surface Roughness>, the surface roughness Ra was 0.05 ⁇ m.
  • Example 4 (Production of film mirror used in Example 4)
  • a filler having a particle size of 30 nm was used as the filler, the content was added so as to be 10% by mass, and the bonding condition A was changed as described in Table 1 and the same.
  • the bonding condition A was changed as described in Table 1 and the same.
  • a film mirror used in Example 4 was produced.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of this film mirror was 0.07 ⁇ m
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the reflective layer was 0.07 ⁇ m.
  • Example 4 (Preparation of a solar reflective mirror used in Example 4)
  • the solar reflective mirror used in Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as the solar reflective mirror of Example 2 above.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the solar reflective mirror used in Example 4 was measured according to ⁇ Measurement Method of Surface Roughness>, the surface roughness Ra was 0.07 ⁇ m.
  • Example 5 (Preparation of film mirror used in Example 5)
  • the film mirror used for Example 5 is similarly applied except that the filler content is 30% by mass and the bonding condition A is changed as described in Table 1.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of this film mirror was 0.09 ⁇ m
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the reflective layer was 0.09 ⁇ m.
  • Example 5 (Preparation of a solar reflective mirror used in Example 5) In the same manner as in Example 4, a solar reflective mirror used in Example 5 was obtained.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the sunlight reflecting mirror used in Example 5 was measured according to ⁇ Method for measuring surface roughness>, the surface roughness Ra was 0.09 ⁇ m.
  • Example 6 (Preparation of film mirror used in Example 6)
  • the film mirror used in Example 6 was similarly applied except that the filler content was 40% by mass and the bonding condition A was changed as described in Table 1. Produced.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of this film mirror was 0.1 ⁇ m, and the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the reflective layer was 0.1 ⁇ m.
  • Example 6 (Preparation of a solar reflective mirror used in Example 6) In the same manner as in Example 4, a solar reflective mirror used in Example 6 was obtained. When the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the solar reflective mirror used in Example 6 was measured according to ⁇ Measurement Method of Surface Roughness>, the surface roughness Ra was 0.1 ⁇ m.
  • Example 7 (Production of film mirror used in Example 7) A film mirror used in Example 7 was produced in the same manner as in the film mirror of Example 2, except that the filler content was 25% by mass.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of this film mirror was 0.03 ⁇ m, and the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the reflective layer was 0.08 ⁇ m.
  • Example 7 (Preparation of a solar reflective mirror used in Example 7)
  • the solar reflective mirror used in Example 7 was obtained in the same manner as the solar reflective mirror of Example 2 above.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the sunlight reflecting mirror used in Example 7 was measured according to ⁇ Measurement Method of Surface Roughness>, the surface roughness Ra was 0.03 ⁇ m.
  • Example 8 (Preparation of film mirror used in Example 8)
  • the film mirror used for Example 8 was produced similarly except having changed the bonding conditions A as described in Table 1.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of this film mirror was 0.03 ⁇ m
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the reflective layer was 0.1 ⁇ m.
  • Example 8 (Preparation of a solar reflective mirror used in Example 8) The solar reflective mirror used in Example 8 was obtained in the same manner as the solar reflective mirror of Example 2 above.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the sunlight reflecting mirror used in Example 8 was measured according to ⁇ Measurement Method of Surface Roughness>, the surface roughness Ra was 0.03 ⁇ m.
  • Example 9 (Preparation of film mirror used in Example 9) The film mirror of Example 3 before joining was employed.
  • Example 10 (Production of film mirror used in Example 10)
  • the film mirror used for Example 10 was produced similarly except having changed the bonding conditions A as described in Table 1.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of this film mirror was 0.07 ⁇ m
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the reflective layer was 0.01 ⁇ m.
  • Example 10 (Preparation of a solar reflective mirror used in Example 10) In the same manner as in Example 4, a solar reflective mirror used in Example 10 was obtained.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the solar reflective mirror used in Example 10 was measured according to ⁇ Measurement Method of Surface Roughness>, the surface roughness Ra was 0.07 ⁇ m.
  • Example 11 (Preparation of film mirror used in Example 11)
  • the film mirror used for Example 11 was produced similarly except having changed the bonding conditions A as described in Table 1.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of this film mirror was 0.07 ⁇ m
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the reflective layer was 0.02 ⁇ m.
  • Example 11 (Preparation of a solar reflective mirror used in Example 11) In the same manner as in Example 4, a solar reflective mirror used in Example 11 was obtained. When the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the solar reflective mirror used in Example 11 was measured according to ⁇ Measurement Method of Surface Roughness>, the surface roughness Ra was 0.07 ⁇ m.
  • Example 12 (Preparation of film mirror used in Example 12)
  • a film mirror used in Example 12 was produced in the same manner except that the filler content was 30% by mass.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of this film mirror was 0.07 ⁇ m, and the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the reflective layer was 0.1 ⁇ m.
  • Example 12 Preparation of a solar reflective mirror used in Example 12
  • a solar reflective mirror used in Example 12 was obtained.
  • the surface roughness Ra on the light incident side of the solar reflective mirror used in Example 11 was measured according to ⁇ Measurement Method of Surface Roughness>, the surface roughness Ra was 0.07 ⁇ m.
  • the reflection efficiency was measured based on the above-described reflection efficiency measurement method.
  • the evaluation criteria are as follows. ⁇ : Reflection efficiency is 95% or more ⁇ : Reflection efficiency is 85% or more and less than 95% ⁇ : Reflection efficiency is 75% or more and less than 85% ⁇ : Reflection efficiency is 65% or more and less than 75% XX: Reflection efficiency is less than 65% ⁇ Reflection efficiency after concave surface>
  • the reflection efficiency for a predetermined circle having a diameter of 50 cm at a point 100 m from the sunlight reflection mirror was measured for the reflection mirror used for the measurement of the reflection efficiency after the substrate bonding.
  • the evaluation criteria are as follows.
  • Reflection efficiency is 95% or more ⁇ : Reflection efficiency is 85% or more and less than 95% ⁇ : Reflection efficiency is 75% or more and less than 85% ⁇ : Reflection efficiency is 65% or more and less than 75% XX: Reflection efficiency is less than 65%
  • the light is focused on a predetermined area by a single reflection defined in the present application.
  • the reflection efficiency exceeds 100%, all are treated as 100%.
  • the film mirror of Comparative Example 1 (before bonding) had a problem that the surface roughness of the incident surface was less than 0.01, causing blocking during film formation by roll-to-roll, resulting in reduced productivity. . Moreover, the tolerance with respect to stain
  • the film mirror of Comparative Example 2 (before bonding), since the surface roughness of the incident surface exceeded 0.1, no occurrence of blocking was observed, but the reflection efficiency was insufficient as a sunlight reflecting mirror.
  • the film mirrors of Examples 1 to 12 (before joining) not only the occurrence of blocking was observed, but also the reflection efficiency was excellent as a sunlight reflecting mirror.
  • the reflection efficiency could be improved by adopting the configuration of the present invention.
  • Table 1 it can be seen that the examples according to the present invention are superior to the comparative examples. That is, as in Comparative Example 1, the film mirror is stuck due to blocking at the time of production, and the productivity is not deteriorated, and the dirtiness is prevented, and since it has a concave shape, High reflection efficiency can be maintained even for a predetermined position. As the distance increases, the difference in reflection efficiency between the flat plate shape and the concave surface shape becomes more prominent. It can be seen that the present invention can provide a solar reflective mirror and a solar power generation reflector having high productivity and high reflection efficiency.
  • the present invention by using a film mirror, high productivity utilizing its light weight and flexibility, and reduction in transportation cost are possible. Further, by imparting surface roughness to the film mirror, it becomes possible to prevent blocking at the time of production and to achieve antifouling properties against fingerprints.
  • the film mirror by making the film mirror into a concave shape, the reflection efficiency decreases due to large irregularities or small irregularities on the surface of the film mirror, air bubbles are involved when attaching the film mirror, and the substrate itself swells It is possible to prevent a decrease in the reflection efficiency due to the above and maintain a high reflection efficiency. That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a solar reflective mirror and a solar thermal power generation reflecting device that can obtain the above-mentioned many advantages.
  • the present invention is configured as described above, it can be used as a solar reflection mirror and a solar power generation reflection device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Mounting And Adjusting Of Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un miroir pour réflexion de lumière solaire qui possède : un matériau de base; et un miroir film dans lequel une couche de réflexion est agencée sur un corps de support sous forme de film de résine. Ce miroir pour réflexion de lumière solaire est configuré de telle sorte que ledit miroir film est collé audit matériau de base; la rugosité superficielle (Ra) côté incidence de lumière dudit miroir pour réflexion de lumière solaire, est supérieure ou égale à 0,01μm et inférieure ou égale à 0,1μm; et ledit miroir film possède une forme concave.
PCT/JP2012/076407 2011-10-13 2012-10-12 Miroir pour réflexion de lumière solaire, et dispositif de réflexion pour génération d'énergie thermique solaire Ceased WO2013054869A1 (fr)

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WO2015029746A1 (fr) * 2013-08-29 2015-03-05 コニカミノルタ株式会社 Miroir réfléchissant pour génération d'énergie thermique solaire et dispositif réfléchissant pour génération l'énergie thermique solaire
WO2025005036A1 (fr) * 2023-06-26 2025-01-02 積水化学工業株式会社 Composition de résine, et procédé de fabrication de structure de connexion
WO2025097266A1 (fr) * 2023-11-09 2025-05-15 Lighthub Spa Procédé de fabrication de réflecteursa pour concentrateurs solaires en cfrp

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JPH07209508A (ja) * 1994-01-18 1995-08-11 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 宇宙集光器用反射鏡及びその製造方法
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JP2009150360A (ja) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-09 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd ビームダウン方式太陽熱発電装置
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JP2011523775A (ja) * 2008-05-12 2011-08-18 アリゾナ ボード オブ リージェンツ オン ビハーフ オブ ユニバーシティー オブ アリゾナ 大型で複数の同軸ディッシュ反射器を伴う太陽集光装置
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JPS60110803U (ja) * 1983-12-28 1985-07-27 株式会社日本アルミ 集光放物面鏡
JPH07209508A (ja) * 1994-01-18 1995-08-11 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 宇宙集光器用反射鏡及びその製造方法
JP2009528569A (ja) * 2006-02-28 2009-08-06 コーニング インコーポレイテッド 集光器
JP2009025734A (ja) * 2007-07-23 2009-02-05 Nof Corp 防眩フィルム及びそれを備えたディスプレイ
JP2009150360A (ja) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-09 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd ビームダウン方式太陽熱発電装置
JP2011523775A (ja) * 2008-05-12 2011-08-18 アリゾナ ボード オブ リージェンツ オン ビハーフ オブ ユニバーシティー オブ アリゾナ 大型で複数の同軸ディッシュ反射器を伴う太陽集光装置
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015029746A1 (fr) * 2013-08-29 2015-03-05 コニカミノルタ株式会社 Miroir réfléchissant pour génération d'énergie thermique solaire et dispositif réfléchissant pour génération l'énergie thermique solaire
WO2025005036A1 (fr) * 2023-06-26 2025-01-02 積水化学工業株式会社 Composition de résine, et procédé de fabrication de structure de connexion
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WO2025097266A1 (fr) * 2023-11-09 2025-05-15 Lighthub Spa Procédé de fabrication de réflecteursa pour concentrateurs solaires en cfrp

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