WO2012133317A1 - 再生水素化精製触媒及び炭化水素油の製造方法 - Google Patents
再生水素化精製触媒及び炭化水素油の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012133317A1 WO2012133317A1 PCT/JP2012/057765 JP2012057765W WO2012133317A1 WO 2012133317 A1 WO2012133317 A1 WO 2012133317A1 JP 2012057765 W JP2012057765 W JP 2012057765W WO 2012133317 A1 WO2012133317 A1 WO 2012133317A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- regenerated
- hydrorefining
- oil
- fraction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/02—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G47/10—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used with catalysts deposited on a carrier
- C10G47/12—Inorganic carriers
- C10G47/14—Inorganic carriers the catalyst containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/02—Heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/90—Regeneration or reactivation
- B01J23/96—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides of the noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0063—Granulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/04—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/04—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
- B01J38/12—Treating with free oxygen-containing gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
- C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/58—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
- C10G45/60—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/58—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
- C10G45/68—Aromatisation of hydrocarbon oil fractions
- C10G45/70—Aromatisation of hydrocarbon oil fractions with catalysts containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/02—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G47/10—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used with catalysts deposited on a carrier
- C10G47/12—Inorganic carriers
- C10G47/16—Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers
- C10G47/18—Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers the catalyst containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2235/00—Indexing scheme associated with group B01J35/00, related to the analysis techniques used to determine the catalysts form or properties
- B01J2235/10—Infrared [IR]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/55—Cylinders or rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/1048—Middle distillates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
- C10G2300/301—Boiling range
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/30—Aromatics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a regenerated hydrorefining catalyst and a method for producing a hydrocarbon oil using the regenerated hydrorefining catalyst.
- hydrocarbon raw materials such as natural gas
- FT synthesis reaction mixed gas containing carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas as main components
- Synthetic oil obtained from synthesis gas by FT synthesis reaction (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “FT synthetic oil”) is a mixture containing aliphatic hydrocarbons having a wide carbon number distribution as a main component.
- FT synthetic oil By fractionating this FT synthetic oil according to the boiling point, a naphtha fraction, a middle fraction, and a wax fraction can be obtained.
- the middle fraction is the most useful fraction corresponding to the kerosene / light oil base, and it is desired to obtain this in a high yield.
- hydrocarbons produced by the FT synthesis reaction are basically linear aliphatic hydrocarbons, and since linear aliphatic hydrocarbons have high crystallinity, fuel oils containing a large amount of these are fluid at low temperatures. Lose. For this reason, it is necessary to improve low-temperature fluidity by converting straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons into branched-chain hydrocarbons by hydroisomerization in the middle distillate serving as a kerosene / light oil base. Become. This hydroisomerization is generally performed simultaneously with the above hydrorefining.
- a periodic acid group 8 to 10 is added to a support having solid acidity such as zeolite and / or amorphous composite metal oxide.
- a hydrorefining catalyst on which an active metal having a hydrogenation ability selected from group Noble metals is supported is used (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3).
- the hydrorefining catalyst when the hydrorefining catalyst is charged into the reaction apparatus and the hydrorefining operation is started, the activity of the catalyst decreases with the lapse of operation time. And when the activity of a catalyst falls to a predetermined
- the used hydrorefining catalyst extracted from the reactor hereinafter sometimes referred to as “used hydrorefining catalyst” or simply “used catalyst” is regenerated and reused. By doing so, the cost required for the expensive catalyst can be reduced, and disposal of the used catalyst as waste can be avoided.
- a used catalyst is calcined to produce and deposit on the catalyst in the hydrorefining process, and carbonaceous substances that are considered to be a major factor in reducing the catalytic activity are substantially eliminated. All were removed.
- regenerated hydrorefining catalyst the activity of a hydrorefining catalyst obtained by regenerating a used catalyst (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “regenerated hydrorefining catalyst” or simply “regenerated catalyst”) is the same as that of a new (unused) catalyst. There was no recovery to the same level, and the yield of the middle distillate obtained when the regenerated catalyst was used tended to decrease compared to the new catalyst.
- middle distillate with excellent low-temperature fluidity, especially light oil fraction has a higher yield than conventional regenerated catalysts. There has been a need to provide a regenerated catalyst that can be obtained.
- hydrorefining catalysts inevitably have a decomposition reaction (hydrocracking reaction) in addition to the above-mentioned activities for hydrorefining and hydroisomerization, that is, the carbon-carbon bond of the hydrocarbon is cleaved to lower the molecular weight. It also has activity for the reaction to be carried out. Therefore, in the hydrotreating of the middle distillate, a light fraction having a boiling point lower than the lower limit of the boiling range of the middle distillate is partially generated. It is preferable to suppress the production of this light fraction because it leads to a decrease in the yield of middle distillate, especially gas oil fraction, while maintaining the progress of hydroisomerization at a high level and the required production. It is also required to ensure the low temperature fluidity of the oil. For this purpose, it is required for the hydrorefining catalyst to maintain the hydroisomerization activity as much as possible and suppress the decomposition activity.
- hydrocracking reaction hydrocracking reaction
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in the stable period, it has a high hydroisomerization activity and a suppressed cracking activity, and an intermediate fraction, particularly a light oil fraction, excellent in low-temperature fluidity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a regenerated hydrorefining catalyst that can be obtained in high yield, and a method for producing a hydrocarbon oil using the regenerated hydrorefining catalyst.
- a specific regenerated hydrorefining catalyst containing a specific amount of a carbonaceous substance is capable of hydrogenating linear aliphatic hydrocarbons in a stable period. It has been found that the cracking activity is suppressed while having sufficient hydroisomerization activity, and the yield of middle distillate excellent in low-temperature fluidity, especially gas oil distillate can be increased. It came to be completed.
- the present invention comprises a support containing an amorphous composite metal oxide having solid acidity, and at least one active metal selected from Group 8 to Group 10 noble metals supported on the support.
- a regenerated hydrorefining catalyst containing 0.05 to 1% by mass of a carbonaceous material in terms of carbon atoms based on the total mass of the catalyst is provided.
- a raw material oil containing a middle distillate rich in linear aliphatic hydrocarbons is hydrorefined to produce branched chain aliphatics.
- a middle distillate rich in hydrocarbons and excellent in low-temperature fluidity can be obtained in high yield.
- the amorphous composite metal oxide is preferably at least one selected from silica zirconia, silica alumina, and alumina boria.
- this regenerated hydrorefining catalyst is used for hydrorefining feedstock containing middle distillates rich in linear aliphatic hydrocarbons, middle distillates rich in branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons and excellent in low-temperature fluidity. Minutes can be obtained in higher yields.
- the noble metal is preferably platinum.
- this regenerated hydrotreating catalyst it is possible to obtain a middle distillate rich in branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons and further excellent in low-temperature fluidity.
- the present invention also provides a linear fatty acid containing 80% by mass or more of a linear aliphatic hydrocarbon having a boiling point in the range of 25 to 360 ° C. and having a boiling point in the range of 150 to 360 ° C. in the presence of molecular hydrogen.
- a method for producing a hydrocarbon oil in which a feedstock containing 20% by mass or more of a group hydrocarbon is brought into contact with the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst of the present invention.
- a middle distillate rich in branched aliphatic hydrocarbons and excellent in low-temperature fluidity can be obtained from the above raw oil. Can be obtained in high yield.
- the raw material oil is preferably a synthetic oil obtained by a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction.
- synthetic oil obtained by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction contains no sulfur and aromatic hydrocarbons, is rich in branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, and has high middle distillate with excellent low-temperature fluidity The yield can be obtained.
- a regenerated hydrorefining catalyst having high hydroisomerization activity and suppressed cracking activity and capable of obtaining a middle distillate excellent in low-temperature fluidity in high yield, and the regenerated hydrogen A method for producing a hydrocarbon oil using a hydrotreating catalyst can be provided.
- liquidity can be obtained with a high yield using an inexpensive regenerated catalyst.
- the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst of the present embodiment is at least one selected from a support containing an amorphous composite metal oxide having solid acidity and a noble metal of Group 8 to Group 10 supported on the support.
- the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst of this embodiment is produced by regenerating a spent hydrotreating catalyst.
- the used hydrorefining catalyst and its regeneration treatment will be described in detail later.
- Examples of the amorphous complex metal oxide having solid acidity contained in the support constituting the regenerated hydrorefining catalyst of the present embodiment include, for example, metal oxide units such as alumina, silica, titania, zirconia, boria, and magnesia.
- Examples of the composite metal oxide include a combination of two or more selected.
- amorphous composite metal oxide having solid acidity examples include silica alumina, silica zirconia, alumina boria, alumina zirconia, silica titania, silica magnesia and the like.
- silica alumina, silica zirconia, and alumina boria are preferable, and silica zirconia is more preferable.
- the carrier may contain a small amount of zeolite.
- Preferred zeolites in this case include ultrastable Y (USY) type zeolite, Y type zeolite, mordenite, and beta zeolite.
- the content of zeolite is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass, more preferably 1 to 5% by mass based on the total mass of the carrier.
- the carrier may contain a binder for the purpose of improving the moldability and mechanical strength of the carrier.
- Preferred binders include alumina, silica, magnesia and the like.
- the amount of the binder to be added to the carrier is not particularly limited, but is 20 to 98% by mass, preferably 30 to 96% by mass based on the total mass of the carrier.
- the carrier is preferably a molded one.
- the shape of the molded carrier is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, a modified cylindrical shape having a three-leaf type / four-leaf type cross section, and a disk shape.
- the method for molding the carrier is not limited, and known methods such as extrusion molding and tableting molding are used.
- the molded carrier is usually fired.
- the active metal supported on the support in the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst of this embodiment is at least one selected from the noble metals of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table.
- the active metal include ruthenium and osmium as the group 8 noble metal, rhodium and iridium as the group 9 noble metal, and palladium and platinum as the group 10 noble metal.
- platinum and palladium are preferable, and platinum is more preferable.
- a combination of platinum and palladium is also preferably used.
- the periodic table refers to a periodic table of long-period elements based on the provisions of IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry).
- the content of the active metal supported on the support is preferably 0.1 to 3% by mass in terms of metal atom based on the mass of the support.
- the content of the active metal is less than the lower limit, hydrorefining and hydroisomerization tend not to proceed sufficiently.
- the content of the active metal exceeds the above upper limit, the dispersion of the active metal tends to decrease, and the activity of the catalyst tends to decrease, and the catalyst cost increases.
- the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst of this embodiment contains 0.05 to 1% by mass of carbonaceous material in terms of carbon atoms, based on the total mass of the catalyst.
- This carbonaceous material includes a carbon-like material which is composed of carbon atoms or carbon atoms and a small amount of hydrogen atoms and / or oxygen atoms and whose structure is not clearly specified.
- the carbonaceous matter produced and deposited on the hydrotreating catalyst when hydrotreating a hydrocarbon raw material containing middle distillate.
- the content of the carbonaceous material in the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst is less than 0.05% by mass in terms of carbon atoms, the activity (decomposition activity) of the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst with respect to the decomposition reaction, particularly in the stable period It cannot be sufficiently suppressed, and it tends to be difficult to improve the middle distillate yield, particularly the light oil distillate yield, in the product oil.
- a sample of the catalyst is heated at a high frequency in an oxygen stream to burn the carbonaceous material, and carbon dioxide in the combustion gas is absorbed by infrared rays.
- a method of quantifying with a detector for example, using a carbon / sulfur analyzer EMIA-920V manufactured by Horiba, Ltd. is employed.
- the method of the first embodiment is a method in which a predetermined amount of carbonaceous material remains in the used hydrorefining catalyst in the calcination step performed when the used hydrorefining catalyst is regenerated.
- a mixture of the above-described amorphous complex metal oxide having solid acidity or a gel thereof, the above-mentioned binder, and a liquid such as water as necessary is kneaded to prepare a clay-like kneaded product.
- a molded product is obtained by extruding the kneaded product, and the molded product is further dried at 70 to 150 ° C., for example.
- a carrier is obtained by firing the dried molded product.
- the firing conditions are selected so that the mechanical strength of the carrier obtained by firing is sufficiently developed.
- the carrier firing conditions various combinations of firing temperature and firing time can be set.
- the firing temperature is preferably in the range of 300 to 550 ° C, more preferably in the range of 350 to 500 ° C.
- the firing time is preferably in the range of about 0.1 to 10 hours, more preferably in the range of about 0.2 to 8 hours.
- the compound containing these noble metal elements used for supporting is not particularly limited as long as it contains the noble metal element, and known compounds are used, but inorganic or organic compounds that are soluble in a solvent, particularly water. Is used.
- Specific examples of the compound containing an active metal element include RuCl 3 when the noble metal is ruthenium, and OsCl 3 .3H 2 O and (NH 4 ) 2 [OsCl 6 ] when the noble metal is osmium.
- RhCl 3 .3H 2 O when the noble metal is rhodium H 2 IrCl 6 .6H 2 OH when the noble metal is iridium
- (NH 4 ) 2 PdCl when the noble metal is palladium. 6
- Pd (NH 3 ) 4 Cl 2 .H 2 O and Pd (C 2 H 5 CO 2 ) 2 such as PtCl 2 , H 2 PtCl 6 , (NH 4 ) 2 PtCl 6 when the noble metal is platinum.
- H 2 Pt (OH) 6 Pt (NH 3 ) 4 Cl 2 .H 2 O, Pt (C 5 H 7 O 2 ) 2 and the like.
- the loading of the compound containing these active metal elements can be performed by a known method. That is, a method of impregnating the shaped carrier with a solution of the compound, preferably an aqueous solution, a method of ion exchange, and the like are preferably used.
- the impregnation method is not particularly limited, and an incipient wetness method or the like is preferably used.
- the carrier carrying the compound containing the active metal element is dried by the above method. Drying can be performed at a temperature of about 70 to 150 ° C., for example.
- the carrier (hereinafter also referred to as “catalyst precursor”) carrying the compound containing the active metal element thus obtained is calcined to obtain a hydrotreating catalyst.
- a hydrotreating catalyst In calcination of the catalyst precursor, components other than the active metal atom, that is, a counter ion, a ligand, and the like are removed from the compound containing the active metal element supported on the carrier.
- the firing conditions of the catalyst precursor can be set in various combinations of firing temperature and firing time.
- the firing temperature is preferably in the range of 300 to 550 ° C., more preferably in the range of 350 to 530 ° C.
- the firing time is preferably in the range of about 0.1 to 10 hours, more preferably in the range of about 0.2 to 8 hours.
- the above-described hydrorefining catalyst is charged into a hydrorefining reaction apparatus, and usually the catalyst is activated by reduction treatment with molecular hydrogen (hydrogen gas). Thereafter, the feedstock oil containing the middle distillate hydrocarbon derived from the FT synthetic oil is supplied to the hydrorefining reactor together with hydrogen gas, and hydrorefining (including hydroisomerization) is started.
- the reaction temperature is set so that the hydroisomerization index described later has a predetermined value.
- the activity (mainly hydroisomerization activity) of the hydrorefining catalyst decreases with the passage of operation time.
- the cause of this decrease in activity is not clear, but it is a weak poisoning effect due to oxygen-containing compounds that are by-products of the FT synthesis reaction contained in the feedstock, or water produced by hydrodeoxygenation of oxygen-containing compounds, catalysts
- the deposition of the carbonaceous material produced above, and the aggregation of active metals due to the catalyst being exposed to a high temperature (reaction temperature) for a long time can be considered.
- the reaction temperature is compensated for the decreased catalyst activity with the passage of operation time. Driving to increase. Then, when the reaction temperature reaches the upper limit temperature determined from the viewpoint of the heat resistance of the reaction apparatus or the increase of the decomposition reaction, the operation of the hydrorefining reaction apparatus is stopped.
- the inside of the reaction apparatus is purged with nitrogen gas or the like, cooled, the apparatus is opened, and the hydrotreating catalyst that has been filled is extracted.
- This extracted catalyst is a used hydrorefining catalyst.
- the regenerated catalyst of the present embodiment includes a catalyst that has been used a plurality of times and subjected to a plurality of regeneration processes.
- the following description is given about the example of the used hydrotreating catalyst obtained from the unused hydrotreating catalyst.
- the regeneration process mainly includes a carbon content measuring step for measuring the content of carbonaceous substances deposited in the catalyst in the hydrorefining step, a deoiling step, and a calcination step contained in the used hydrorefining catalyst. Including.
- the collected hydrorefining catalyst sample is washed with a low-boiling hydrocarbon solvent such as hexane, and remains in the hydrorefining step.
- the solvent is removed by drying under reduced pressure or the like, and the carbonaceous material in the catalyst is quantified by using the above-described method for quantifying the carbonaceous material.
- This result can contribute to the determination of the conditions for the firing process.
- the hydrocarbon content remaining in the used hydrorefining catalyst can also be quantified, and the result is used to determine the conditions of the deoiling process. Can contribute.
- the deoiling step is a raw material oil and a product oil thereof in the hydrorefining step contained in the catalyst by heating the used hydrorefining catalyst under an inert stream such as nitrogen gas, preferably under a nitrogen stream. This is a step of removing at least a part of the hydrocarbon.
- the deoiling step As conditions for the deoiling step, various combinations of temperature and time can be set.
- the amount of hydrocarbon remaining in the spent hydrorefining catalyst quantified in the carbon content measurement step described above is used. It is preferable to determine in consideration.
- the temperature of the deoiling step is preferably in the range of 250 to 550 ° C, more preferably in the range of 280 to 500 ° C.
- the oil removal time is preferably in the range of about 0.2 to 10 hours, and more preferably in the range of about 0.5 to 8 hours. If the deoiling in this deoiling process is insufficient, the hydrocarbon remaining in the catalyst may cause a rapid oxidation reaction (combustion) in the subsequent calcination process.
- the substantial temperature of the catalyst may increase excessively with respect to the set calcination temperature, causing active metal aggregation in the catalyst and reducing the activity of the regenerated hydrorefining catalyst.
- the carbonaceous material in the used hydrorefining catalyst may be burned out, and a predetermined amount of the carbonaceous material may not remain in the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst.
- the used oil purification catalyst that has been deoiled is then subjected to a calcination step.
- this calcination step the carbonaceous material produced and deposited on the catalyst in the hydrotreating step contained in the used hydrotreating catalyst is converted into the carbonaceous material contained in the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst of this embodiment.
- the content of the carbonaceous material is adjusted so as not to fall below the lower limit according to the present invention.
- hydrocarbons remaining in the catalyst through the deoiling step are removed by oxidative decomposition.
- the used hydrotreating catalyst A carbonaceous material may be newly generated by carbonization of hydrocarbons contained therein.
- the content of the carbonaceous substance in the obtained regenerated hydrotreating catalyst is set to 0.05 to 1% by mass in terms of carbon atoms.
- the firing temperature is preferably in the range of 300 to 550 ° C., more preferably in the range of 350 to 530 ° C.
- the firing time is preferably in the range of about 0.1 to 10 hours, more preferably in the range of about 0.2 to 8 hours.
- the spent hydrorefining catalyst deoiled in a heating device for performing calcination and when the temperature is raised to a set calcination temperature, at least a temperature range in which oxidation of the carbonaceous substance proceeds (for example, at about 250 to 400 ° C.), it is preferable to make the rate of temperature rise sufficiently small so that the rapid oxidation reaction does not occur during the temperature rise process.
- a rate of temperature rise is, for example, 1 to 50 ° C./h, and preferably about 5 to 30 ° C./h.
- the catalyst precursor firing in two stages. That is, in the first stage, firing is performed under a lower temperature condition so that the oxidation of the carbonaceous material proceeds slowly, and the remaining amount of the carbonaceous material is reduced to such an extent that the oxidation proceeds and rapid oxidation does not proceed. In the reduced stage, as a second stage, firing is performed under higher temperature conditions to control the content of the carbonaceous substance in the catalyst.
- the firing temperature in the first stage is selected, for example, in the range of 250 to 400 ° C.
- the second firing temperature is selected in the range of, for example, 350 to 550 ° C.
- the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst of this embodiment can be obtained.
- a second embodiment of the method for producing the regenerated hydrorefining catalyst of this embodiment will be described.
- a spent hydrorefining catalyst is regenerated by a conventional regeneration treatment method, and a regenerated hydrorefining catalyst substantially free of carbonaceous material is once produced, and the catalyst is put into an organic compound.
- the catalyst is calcined or heat treated so that the catalyst contains a predetermined amount of carbonaceous material.
- the used hydrorefining catalyst used in the method of the second embodiment is the same as the used hydrorefining catalyst used in the method of the first embodiment.
- the carbon measurement step and the deoiling step are performed on the used hydrorefining catalyst in the same manner as in the method of the first embodiment.
- the deoiled spent catalyst is subjected to a calcination step (first calcination step).
- first calcination step the carbonaceous material is removed by oxidative decomposition so that the carbonaceous material in the used catalyst does not substantially remain.
- the firing temperature is preferably in the range of 350 to 600 ° C, more preferably in the range of 400 to 550 ° C.
- the firing time is preferably in the range of about 0.1 to 10 hours, more preferably in the range of about 0.2 to 8 hours.
- rapid oxidation of the carbonaceous material is performed by adjusting the rate of temperature rise at the time of temperature rise or performing two-step firing as described in the description of the firing step in the first embodiment. Prevention is preferably performed.
- the catalyst once regenerated through the calcination step as described above (referred to as “preliminary regenerated catalyst”) is immersed in a liquid organic compound (immersion step).
- the liquid organic compound is not particularly limited as long as it does not contain sulfur, nitrogen, halogen, etc., which are catalyst poisons, but is preferably a liquid hydrocarbon, for example, naphtha produced by the GTL process. A fraction, a kerosene fraction, a light oil fraction and the like are preferably used.
- the method for immersing the catalyst in these liquid organic compounds is not particularly limited.
- the pre-regenerated catalyst immersed in the liquid organic compound is taken out from the organic compound and subjected to a deoiling step (second deoiling step) in an inert gas, preferably nitrogen gas.
- second deoiling step excess organic compounds attached to the pre-regenerated catalyst by immersion are volatilized.
- the conditions for the second deoiling step are appropriately determined from the range of the temperature of about 180 to 500 ° C. and the time of about 0.1 to 10 hours in consideration of the organic compound to be immersed.
- the deoiled pre-catalyst is subjected to a calcining step (second calcining step) in an atmosphere containing molecular oxygen, preferably in an air atmosphere, and the organic compound such as light oil remaining in the pre-regenerated catalyst is removed.
- a calcining step (second calcining step) in an atmosphere containing molecular oxygen, preferably in an air atmosphere, and the organic compound such as light oil remaining in the pre-regenerated catalyst is removed.
- Firing conditions depend on the organic compound to be used, the content of the organic compound remaining in the pre-regenerated catalyst after the deoiling step, the content of the carbonaceous material to be included in the regenerated hydrorefining catalyst of the target embodiment.
- the firing temperature is preferably in the range of 300 to 550 ° C., more preferably 350 to 530 ° C.
- the firing time is preferably about 0.1 to 10 hours, more preferably about 0.2 to 8 hours. In this way, the
- the organic compound adhered to the pre-regenerated catalyst is carbonized by heat treatment in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas, and a predetermined amount of carbonaceous material. May be produced in the regenerated catalyst.
- the regenerated hydrorefining catalyst of this embodiment can be obtained.
- a linear aliphatic hydrocarbon having a boiling point in the range of 25 to 360 ° C. is added to the regenerated hydrorefining catalyst of the present embodiment described above in the presence of molecular hydrogen.
- a step of contacting a feedstock containing 20% by mass or more of a linear aliphatic hydrocarbon having a mass% or more and a boiling point in the range of 150 to 360 ° C. hydrorefining of the feedstock, that is, removal of olefins and oxygen-containing compounds, which are impurities contained in the feedstock, and hydroisomerization of linear aliphatic hydrocarbons are performed.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a production facility corresponding to an upgrading unit in a GTL process, including a hydrocarbon oil production apparatus in which an embodiment of the hydrocarbon oil production method of the present invention is implemented.
- a naphtha, kerosene / light oil base material is obtained from a hydrocarbon (FT synthetic oil) obtained by an FT synthesis reaction in which a preferred embodiment of the method for producing a hydrocarbon oil of the present invention is carried out.
- FT synthetic oil obtained by an FT synthesis reaction in which a preferred embodiment of the method for producing a hydrocarbon oil of the present invention is carried out.
- the hydrocarbon oil production apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 uses a synthesis gas (mixed gas of carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas) as a raw material to synthesize a hydrocarbon oil (FT synthesis oil) by an FT synthesis reaction.
- FT synthetic oil is supplied from a device (not shown) via line 1.
- the FT synthesis reaction apparatus is supplied with synthesis gas from a reforming reaction apparatus (not shown) that reforms natural gas to produce synthesis gas.
- the hydrocarbon oil production apparatus 100 includes a first rectifying column 20 that fractionates FT synthetic oil into a crude naphtha fraction, a crude middle distillate, and a crude wax fraction, and a line from the top of the first rectifying column 20. Hydrorefining the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reaction apparatus 30 for hydrotreating the crude naphtha fraction supplied by 2, and hydrotreating the crude middle distillate supplied by the line 3 from the center of the first rectifying column 20.
- the second fractionator 60 mainly fractionates the hydrofinished product of the middle fraction and the hydrocracked product of the wax fraction.
- the naphtha fraction is a hydrocarbon fraction having a boiling point of approximately 25 ° C. or higher and lower than approximately 150 ° C. (approximately C 5 to C 10 ), and the middle fraction has a boiling point of approximately 150 to 360 ° C.
- the wax fraction is a hydrocarbon fraction having a boiling point generally exceeding 360 ° C. (approximately C 22 or more).
- the crude naphtha fraction, crude middle fraction, and crude wax fraction have not been subjected to hydrorefining or hydrocracking, respectively, and impurities other than saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons (paraffins) (by-products of the FT synthesis reaction)
- impurities other than saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons (paraffins) by-products of the FT synthesis reaction
- Each of the above-mentioned fractions containing oxygen-containing compounds such as olefins and alcohols.
- the middle distillate hydrorefining reaction apparatus 32 is an apparatus for carrying out the hydrocarbon oil production method of the present embodiment, and the inside thereof is filled with the regenerated hydrorefining catalyst of the present embodiment, preferably as a fixed bed.
- the crude middle distillate supplied by the line 3 is mixed with hydrogen gas supplied by a hydrogen gas supply line (not shown) connected to the line 3 and heated by a heat exchanger or the like disposed on the line 3. After being heated to the reaction temperature by means (not shown), it is supplied to the middle distillate hydrorefining reactor 32 and subjected to hydrorefining including hydroisomerization.
- the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 30 is preferably packed with a hydrotreating catalyst as a fixed bed.
- the hydrotreating catalyst may be the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst of the present embodiment.
- the crude naphtha fraction supplied by the line 2 is mixed with hydrogen gas supplied by a hydrogen gas supply line (not shown) connected to the line 2 and heated by a heat exchanger or the like disposed on the line 2. After being heated to the reaction temperature by means (not shown), it is supplied to the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 30 and hydrotreated.
- the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34 is preferably filled with a hydrocracking catalyst as a fixed bed.
- the crude wax fraction supplied by the line 4 is supplied by an undecomposed wax (details will be described later) recycled by a line 13 connected to the line 4 and a hydrogen gas supply line (not shown) connected to the line 4.
- a heating means such as a heat exchanger disposed on the line 4, it is supplied to the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34 for hydrogenation. Disassembled.
- the hydrocarbon oil production apparatus 100 includes gas-liquid separators 40 and 42 downstream of the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 30, the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 32, and the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34, respectively. And 44 for gas-liquid separation of liquid hydrocarbons that are hydrorefined products or hydrocracked products discharged from the respective reactors and gaseous components containing unreacted hydrogen gas and gaseous hydrocarbons .
- Each gas-liquid separator is accompanied by a device (not shown) for discharging water produced as a by-product during hydrorefining or hydrocracking.
- the apparatus 100 for producing hydrocarbon oil is a gaseous carbonization mainly composed of a hydrocarbon having 4 or less carbon atoms from a hydrorefined naphtha fraction supplied via a line 5 downstream of the gas-liquid separator 40.
- a naphtha stabilizer 50 for discharging hydrogen from a line 8 connected to the top of the column is provided.
- a naphtha fraction from which gaseous hydrocarbons have been removed by a line 9 is supplied from the bottom of the naphtha stabilizer 50 and a naphtha tank 70 is provided for storing the naphtha fraction.
- the second rectifying column 60 is disposed downstream of the gas-liquid separator 42 and the gas-liquid separator 44, and is subjected to hydrorefining middle distillate supplied from the gas-liquid separator 42 via the line 6,
- the hydrocracked product of the wax fraction fed from the gas-liquid separator 44 via the line 7 is fed to fractionate the mixture.
- the second fractionator 60 is connected to the center of the second fractionator 60.
- the fraction 11 of the kerosene fraction taken out and transferred to the kerosene tank 72 is connected to the lower part of the second fractionator, and the fraction of light oil fraction fractionated.
- a line 12 is provided for taking out the fuel and transferring it to the light oil tank 74.
- the bottom oil of the second rectifying column 60 mainly composed of undecomposed wax that has not been sufficiently decomposed in the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34 is added to the bottom of the second rectifying column 60.
- a line 13 for extraction and recycling to the line 4 upstream of the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34 is connected.
- a line 10 is connected to the top of the second rectifying column 60 for extracting light hydrocarbons mainly composed of a naphtha fraction and supplying the extracted light hydrocarbons to the naphtha stabilizer 50.
- the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst of this embodiment described above is charged into the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 32. Then, before the feedstock oil is passed through the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 32, the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst is activated by reduction treatment.
- the reduction treatment is usually performed by bringing the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst into contact with molecular hydrogen (hydrogen gas) under heating. Specifically, reduction treatment is performed in a hydrogen stream at a temperature of about 250 to 550 ° C. for about 0.5 to 20 hours.
- the FT synthetic oil supplied via the line 1 from the FT synthesis reaction apparatus (not shown) is fractionated into a crude naphtha fraction, a crude middle distillate, and a crude wax fraction in the first rectifying column 20.
- the fractionated crude middle distillate is extracted from the center of the first rectifying column 20 by the line 3.
- the middle distillate is generally a distillate composed of a hydrocarbon mixture having a boiling point of approximately 150 to 360 ° C. (approximately C 11 to C 21 ).
- the crude middle distillate obtained by fractionating FT synthetic oil is mainly composed of linear saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having the above boiling range, and as impurities, olefins and alcohols that are by-products of the FT synthesis reaction Including oxygen-containing compounds.
- the crude middle distillate is mixed with hydrogen gas, heated to the reaction temperature, and supplied to the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 32.
- the reactor is filled with the above-described regenerated hydrotreating catalyst of the present embodiment, and the mixture of the crude middle distillate and hydrogen gas is brought into contact with the catalyst, thereby hydrotreating the crude middle distillate. And hydroisomerization proceeds.
- the hydrorefining of the crude middle distillate is a reaction that removes impurities (oxygen compounds such as olefins and alcohols) contained in the crude middle distillate.
- impurities oxygen compounds such as olefins and alcohols
- Olefins unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons
- saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons paraffins
- oxygen-containing compounds such as alcohols are hydrodeoxygenated and converted into saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons and water.
- a linear saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon (normal paraffin) is skeletal isomerized and converted into a branched saturated hydrocarbon (isoparaffin).
- isoparaffin a branched saturated hydrocarbon
- C 18 isomer ratio is preferably 85% or more.
- the middle distillate hydrorefining reactor 32 is mainly used. Operate by adjusting the reaction temperature.
- the activity of a hydrotreating catalyst generally decreases with the passage of operating time in the hydrotreating reactor.
- a regenerated catalyst is used as the hydrorefining catalyst. Therefore, if the C 18 isomer ratio is to be maintained at 85%, for example, an operation is performed in which the reaction temperature is increased in order to compensate for the decreased activity of the catalyst with the passage of the operation time.
- the produced oil discharged from the hydrotreating reactor 32 was analyzed by gas chromatography to calculate the C 18 isomers rate, 85 the C 18 isomers rate e.g.
- the reaction temperature during the operation time is determined so as to be%.
- the reaction temperature in the hydrotreating reactor 32 is 180 to 400 ° C., preferably 200 to 370 ° C., more preferably 250 to 350 ° C., and particularly preferably 280 to 340 ° C.
- the reaction temperature is the weight average temperature of the catalyst layer in the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 32.
- the reaction temperature exceeds 400 ° C., decomposition to light components proceeds and not only the yield of middle distillate decreases, but also the product tends to be colored and its use as a fuel oil base tends to be limited. is there.
- the reaction temperature is lower than 180 ° C., oxygen-containing compounds such as alcohols remain without being sufficiently removed, and the production of isoparaffins due to hydroisomerization tends to be suppressed.
- the pressure (hydrogen partial pressure) in the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 32 is preferably 0.5 to 12 MPa, more preferably 1 to 5 MPa.
- the pressure is less than 0.5 MPa, hydrorefining and hydroisomerization tend not to proceed sufficiently.
- the pressure exceeds 12 MPa the apparatus is required to have high pressure resistance and the equipment cost increases. There is a tendency.
- Liquid hourly space velocity in the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 32 is preferably from 0.1 ⁇ 10h -1, more to be 0.3 ⁇ 3.5 h -1 preferable.
- LHSV liquid hourly space velocity
- the hydrogen gas / oil ratio in the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 32 is preferably 50 to 1000 NL / L, and more preferably 70 to 800 NL / L.
- “NL” means the hydrogen capacity (L) in the standard state (0 ° C., 101325 Pa).
- the straight chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon which is the main component of the crude middle distillate
- isoparaffin which is the main component of the crude middle distillate
- the hydroisomerization reaction to be converted is performed, but in order for the low temperature fluidity as the liquid fuel base of the light oil fraction obtained from the product oil to meet the standard, a certain percentage or more of normal paraffin in the crude middle distillate is required. It is necessary to convert to isoparaffin (for example, the C 18 isomer ratio is preferably 85% or more).
- a hydrocarbon decomposition reaction (hydrocracking reaction) occurs as a side reaction.
- This decomposition reaction cleaves the carbon-carbon bond of the hydrocarbon to produce a hydrocarbon having a small number of carbon atoms. Therefore, when this cracking reaction becomes dominant, the production of light hydrocarbons increases, and the yield of middle distillate (boiling point range is approximately 150 to 360 ° C.), especially light oil distillate (boiling point range is approximately 250 to 360 ° C.) Yield decreases.
- the hydroisomerization reaction is known to proceed by two kinds of catalytic functions, ie, the hydrogenation-dehydrogenation activity by the active metal in the hydrorefining catalyst and the solid acidity of the support. Similarly, the two types of catalytic functions proceed. Therefore, by using the conventional regenerated hydrorefining catalyst, the reaction temperature of the hydrorefining reactor 32 is adjusted to ensure low temperature fluidity of the product oil, particularly the light oil fraction, and hydroisomerization is maintained at a certain level. When it is allowed to proceed, the cracking reaction also proceeds at the same time, and the middle distillate yield, particularly the light oil fraction yield, tends to decrease.
- a conventional regenerated hydrorefining catalyst that does not contain a carbonaceous material has a relatively high decomposition activity in a stable period after an operation time of about 500 hours has elapsed after the start of operation. Therefore, when the reaction temperature is set so as to maintain a predetermined hydroisomerization level (for example, the C 18 isomer ratio is 85%), the side reaction, the cracking reaction proceeds, and the light oil fraction (boiling point range is, for example, The production of light fractions below the lower limit of the boiling point range of 250 to 360 ° C. increased, and the yield of light oil fractions tended to decrease.
- a predetermined hydroisomerization level for example, the C 18 isomer ratio is 85%
- the regenerated hydrorefining catalyst of the present embodiment can achieve both high hydroisomerization activity and suppressed hydrocracking activity by having the above specific configuration, and by using the catalyst, A high C 18 isomer fraction and a high middle distillate yield, in particular a light oil fraction yield, can be achieved simultaneously.
- the hydrorefining catalyst has two functions of hydrogenation-dehydrogenation ability with active metal and solid acidity possessed by the support.
- the hydroisomerization reaction and the hydrocracking reaction as a side reaction are considered to proceed by the two functions combined together.
- the carbonaceous material contained in the hydrotreating catalyst is considered to inhibit the action of the active sites (acid sites) having solid acidity on the support.
- the carbonaceous material is selectively decomposed or decomposed and isomerized by containing 0.05 to 1% by mass in terms of carbon atoms. It is presumed that it acts on acid sites having activity against both, and inhibits its activity. Therefore, although this carbonaceous material partially reduces the hydroisomerization activity, the range of the decrease is small, and it is considered that the activity for the decomposition reaction can be greatly suppressed.
- the product discharged from the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 32 is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 42, and is mainly composed of a liquid product (liquid hydrocarbon), unreacted hydrogen gas and gaseous hydrocarbon. Gas components are separated.
- the liquid hydrocarbon is introduced into the second rectification column 60 downstream, and the gas component is reused for the hydrotreating reaction.
- the crude naphtha extracted from the top of the first rectifying column 20 is mixed with hydrogen gas via the line 2, heated to the reaction temperature, supplied to the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 30, and hydrorefined.
- the hydrotreating catalyst charged in the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 30 a known hydrotreating catalyst can be used, but the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst of the above-described embodiment may be used.
- the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 30 olefins contained in the crude naphtha fraction are converted into saturated hydrocarbons by hydrogenation, and oxygen-containing compounds such as alcohols are converted into hydrocarbons and water by hydrodeoxygenation. And so on.
- the crude naphtha fraction is a hydrocarbon having approximately 10 or less carbon atoms, and as a characteristic thereof, hydroisomerization and hydrocracking hardly occur.
- the crude naphtha fraction is preferably diluted with a purified naphtha fraction and subjected to hydrorefining.
- the reaction temperature in the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 30 is 180 to 400 ° C, preferably 280 to 350 ° C, more preferably 300 to 340 ° C.
- the reaction temperature is the average temperature of the catalyst layer in the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 30.
- the pressure (hydrogen partial pressure) in the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 30 is preferably 0.5 to 12 MPa, and more preferably 1 to 5 MPa. If the pressure is 0.5 MPa or more, the crude naphtha fraction is sufficiently hydrorefined, and if it is 12 MPa or less, the equipment cost for increasing the pressure resistance of the equipment can be suppressed.
- Liquid hourly space velocity in the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 30 is preferably from 0.1 ⁇ 10h -1, more to be 0.3 ⁇ 3.5 h -1 preferable. If LHSV is 0.1 h ⁇ 1 or more, the reactor volume does not need to be excessive, and if it is 10 h ⁇ 1 or less, the crude naphtha fraction is efficiently hydrorefined.
- the hydrogen gas / oil ratio in the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 30 is preferably 50 to 1000 NL / L, and more preferably 70 to 800 NL / L.
- “NL” means the hydrogen capacity (L) in the standard state (0 ° C., 101325 Pa). If the hydrogen gas / oil ratio is 50 NL / L or more, the crude naphtha fraction is sufficiently hydrorefined, and if it is 1000 NL / L or less, a facility for supplying a large amount of hydrogen gas is not required and the operation is continued. Increase in cost can be suppressed.
- the product oil discharged from the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 30 is gas-liquid separated in the gas-liquid separator 40 into a gaseous component mainly composed of unreacted hydrogen gas and liquid hydrocarbons. Gaseous components are recycled to the hydroprocessing reaction, the liquid hydrocarbons are supplied to the naphtha stabilizer 50 via a line 5, C 4 or less gaseous hydrocarbons are removed from the line 8, consisting mainly C 5 ⁇ C 10
- the naphtha fraction is stored in the naphtha tank 70 via the line 9.
- the crude wax fraction extracted from the bottom of the first rectifying column 20 at the line 4 is mixed with undecomposed wax (details will be described later) recycled by the line 13 connected to the line 4 and hydrogen gas. It is heated to a temperature and supplied to the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34 for hydrocracking.
- Examples of the hydrocracking catalyst charged in the wax fraction hydrocracking reaction apparatus 34 include a catalyst in which a metal that belongs to Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table is supported as an active metal on a carrier that includes a solid acid. Is mentioned.
- Suitable carriers include crystalline zeolites such as ultrastable Y (USY) type zeolite, Y type zeolite, mordenite and ⁇ zeolite, and amorphous having solid acidity such as silica alumina, silica zirconia, and alumina boria.
- USY ultrastable Y
- Y type zeolite Y type zeolite
- mordenite and ⁇ zeolite amorphous having solid acidity
- silica alumina silica zirconia
- alumina boria alumina boria.
- the carrier is more preferably composed of USY-type zeolite and at least one solid acid selected from silica alumina, alumina boria and silica zirconia.
- USY-type zeolite, alumina boria and / or Or what is comprised including a silica alumina is still more preferable.
- the average particle size of the USY-type zeolite is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the silica / alumina molar ratio (the molar ratio of silica to alumina) is preferably 10 to 200, more preferably 15 to 100, and further preferably 20 to 60. .
- the carrier is preferably composed of 0.1 to 80% by mass of crystalline zeolite and 0.1 to 60% by mass of an amorphous composite metal oxide having solid acidity.
- the carrier can be produced by molding a carrier composition containing the solid acid and the binder and then firing it.
- the blending ratio of the solid acid is preferably 1 to 70% by mass, more preferably 2 to 60% by mass based on the mass of the whole carrier.
- the carrier is configured to contain USY-type zeolite
- the blending ratio of the USY-type zeolite is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass based on the mass of the entire carrier, and 0.5 to 5% by mass. % Is more preferable.
- the mixing ratio of USY zeolite and alumina boria is 0.03 to 1 in terms of mass ratio. preferable.
- the blending ratio of USY zeolite to silica alumina is 0.03 to 1 in mass ratio. Is preferred.
- the binder is not particularly limited, but alumina, silica, titania and magnesia are preferable, and alumina is more preferable.
- the blending amount of the binder is preferably 20 to 98% by mass, and more preferably 30 to 96% by mass based on the mass of the entire carrier.
- the firing temperature of the carrier composition is preferably in the range of 400 to 550 ° C., more preferably in the range of 470 to 530 ° C., and still more preferably in the range of 490 to 530 ° C.
- metals in Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table that are the active metals include cobalt, nickel, rhodium, palladium, iridium, and platinum. Among these, it is preferable to use one kind or a combination of two or more kinds of metals selected from nickel, palladium and platinum, preferably palladium and platinum. These metals can be supported on the above-mentioned carrier by a conventional method such as impregnation or ion exchange.
- the amount of metal to be supported is not particularly limited, but when the metal is a metal other than a noble metal such as cobalt or nickel, it is preferably about 2 to 50% by mass as a metal oxide based on the mass of the support. .
- the metal is a noble metal such as platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, etc.
- the total amount of the metal is preferably 0.1 to 3.0% by mass with respect to the mass of the entire support.
- the content of the metal having hydrogenation activity is less than the lower limit, hydrogenolysis tends not to proceed sufficiently.
- the content of the metal having hydrogenation activity exceeds the upper limit, the dispersion of the metal having hydrogenation activity tends to be reduced, and the activity of the catalyst tends to be reduced, and the catalyst cost is increased.
- a mixture of the crude wax fraction and the undecomposed wax (hereinafter also referred to as “wax to be treated”) is hydrocracked in the wax fraction hydrocracking reaction apparatus 34 to be a component corresponding to the middle fraction. Is converted.
- the olefins contained in the crude wax fraction are hydrogenated and converted into paraffin hydrocarbons, and oxygen-containing compounds such as alcohols are hydrodeoxygenated and converted into paraffin hydrocarbons and water.
- the production of isoparaffin by hydroisomerization of normal paraffin that contributes to the improvement of low-temperature fluidity as a fuel oil base material also proceeds.
- a part of the wax to be treated is excessively hydrocracked and converted to a hydrocarbon corresponding to a naphtha fraction having a lower boiling point than a hydrocarbon having a boiling range corresponding to the target middle distillate.
- a part of the wax to be treated undergoes hydrocracking, and is converted into gaseous hydrocarbons having 4 or less carbon atoms such as butanes, propane, ethane, and methane.
- part of the wax to be treated is discharged from the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34 as undecomposed wax without being sufficiently hydrocracked.
- the “cracking rate” defined by the following formula (1) is 50 to 90%, preferably 60 to 80%. .
- Decomposition rate (%) [(mass of hydrocarbons whose boiling point in the treated wax unit mass exceeds 360 ° C.) ⁇ (Mass of hydrocarbons whose boiling point in the hydrocracking product unit mass exceeds 360 ° C.)] ⁇ 100 / (mass of hydrocarbons whose boiling point in the unit mass of wax to be treated exceeds 360 ° C.) (1)
- the cracking rate is less than 50%, the hydrocracking of the wax to be treated is insufficient, and the fraction of the boiling range corresponding to the middle fraction in the hydrocracking product decreases. .
- the decomposition rate exceeds 90%, the decomposition of the wax to be treated proceeds excessively, the production of hydrocarbons having boiling points below the lower limit of the boiling range of the middle distillate increases, The proportion of middle distillates is reduced.
- the cracking rate is controlled by the reaction temperature in the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34.
- uncomposed wax refers to a wax to be treated in which hydrogenolysis does not proceed until the boiling point is 360 ° C. or lower. Undecomposed wax is separated as bottom oil in the second rectifying column 60 described later, and recycled to the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34. Further, the “hydrocracking product” means all products including undecomposed wax discharged from the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34 unless otherwise specified.
- reaction temperature exceeds 400 ° C.
- hydrocracking proceeds excessively, and the yield of the target middle distillate tends to decrease.
- the hydrocracking product may be colored to restrict use as a fuel base material.
- the reaction temperature is lower than 180 ° C., the hydrocracking of the wax fraction does not proceed sufficiently, and the yield of the middle fraction tends to decrease. Further, oxygen-containing compounds such as olefins and alcohols in the wax fraction tend not to be sufficiently removed.
- the hydrogen partial pressure in the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34 is, for example, 0.5 to 12 MPa, and preferably 1.0 to 5.0 MPa.
- the liquid hourly space velocity in the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34 (LHSV), for example, 0.1 ⁇ 10.0h -1, preferably 0.3 ⁇ 3.5 h -1.
- the ratio of hydrogen gas to wax fraction is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 50 to 1000 NL / L, and preferably 70 to 800 NL / L.
- “NL” means the hydrogen capacity (L) in the standard state (0 ° C., 101325 Pa).
- the hydrocracking product discharged from the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34 is gas-liquid separated in the gas-liquid separator 44. That is, a gas component composed of unreacted hydrogen gas and mainly hydrocarbon gas of C 4 or less is separated from a liquid component which is a hydrocarbon oil having a carbon number distribution corresponding to the naphtha fraction to the undecomposed wax.
- the separated gas component is reused for the hydrotreating reaction.
- the liquid component is mixed with the hydrolyzed product of the middle distillate supplied from the middle distillate hydrotreating reaction apparatus 32 via the gas-liquid separator 42 and supplied to the second rectifying column 60.
- the second rectifying column 60 a plurality of cut points are set according to the hydrocarbon oil to be extracted, and the hydrolysed product of the middle distillate supplied from the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 32 and the wax distillate hydrogen are used.
- the mixed oil consisting of the hydrocracked product of the wax fraction supplied from the chemical cracking reactor 34 is fractionated.
- the cut points are set to 150 ° C., 250 and 360 ° C.
- a light fraction containing a naphtha fraction is extracted from the line 10 and supplied to the naphtha stabilizer 50 described above, and hydrocarbon gas of C 4 or less is removed.
- the naphtha is stored in the naphtha tank 70.
- a kerosene fraction is extracted from the center of the second rectifying tower 60 through the line 11 and stored in the kerosene tank 72.
- a light oil fraction is extracted from the lower part of the second rectifying column 60 through the line 12 and stored in the light oil tank 74.
- the bottom oil mainly composed of undecomposed wax is extracted by the line 13, recycled to the line 4, and the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34 together with the crude wax fraction. To be hydrocracked again.
- the method for producing the hydrocarbon oil of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and additions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- the FT synthetic oil supplied from the FT synthesis reaction apparatus is fractionated into a crude naphtha fraction, a crude middle fraction, and a crude wax fraction in the first rectifying column 20.
- the crude naphtha fraction and the crude middle distillate may be fractionated as one fraction as a crude naphtha / middle fraction.
- the crude naphtha / middle distillate may be subjected to hydrorefining in a single hydrorefining reaction apparatus packed with the regenerated hydrorefining catalyst of the present invention.
- the light hydrocarbons that become gas at the temperature are cooled and liquefied.
- the light liquid hydrocarbon may be separated from the heavy liquid hydrocarbon that is liquid at the temperature.
- the light liquid hydrocarbon is subjected to hydrotreating in the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 32 packed with the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst of the present invention.
- the heavy liquid hydrocarbon may be subjected to hydrocracking in the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 34.
- the hydrogen-purified middle fraction discharged from the middle fraction hydrotreating reaction apparatus 32 and the hydrogen of the wax fraction discharged from the wax fraction hydrocracking reaction apparatus 34 are used.
- the mixture with the pyrolysis product is fractionated in the second rectification column 60, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the intermediate fraction and the hydrocracked product of the wax fraction discharged from the wax fraction hydrocracking reaction apparatus 34 may be fractionated in separate rectification columns.
- a naphtha fraction, a kerosene fraction, and a gas oil fraction were obtained as products, but the kerosene fraction and the gas oil fraction may be recovered as one fraction (intermediate fraction). .
- Powdery silica zirconia (silica / zirconia molar ratio (molar ratio of silica to zirconia) is 7) is added to a composition containing 60% by mass and 40% by mass of powdered alumina to form clay.
- a kneaded product was prepared by kneading. This kneaded product was molded into a cylindrical shape having a diameter of about 1.5 mm and a length of about 3 mm by extrusion molding. The obtained molded body was dried at 120 ° C. for 3 hours and further calcined in air at 450 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a carrier.
- the carrier was impregnated with an aqueous solution of dichlorotetraammineplatinum (II) in an amount of 0.8% by mass as platinum atoms based on the mass of the carrier, and further impregnated at 120 ° C. for 3 hours.
- the catalyst precursor was obtained by drying.
- the catalyst precursor obtained above was calcined at 500 ° C. for 1 hour in an air atmosphere to obtain a hydrorefining catalyst.
- the FT synthetic oil obtained by the FT synthesis reaction is fractionated by a rectifying column to obtain a middle fraction hydrocarbon (C 11 to C 21 ) having a boiling point in the range of 150 to 360 ° C. as a raw oil. It was. As a result of analyzing this raw material oil, it was a normal paraffin containing 3.6% by mass of an olefin and 4.0% by mass of an oxygen-containing compound.
- the raw material oil was supplied together with hydrogen gas to a fixed bed flow reactor filled with the hydrorefining catalyst to perform hydrorefining (hydrorefining reaction and hydroisomerization reaction).
- the reaction conditions were a reaction pressure (hydrogen gas pressure) of 3.0 MPa, an LHSV of 2.0 h ⁇ 1 , and a hydrogen / oil ratio of 340 NL / L.
- octadecane (C 18 ) in the product is analyzed by gas chromatography, and the ratio of octadecane having a branched chain to all octadecane (isooctadecane) (100 ⁇ mass of isooctadecane / mass of all octadecane, C 18 isomer ratio) was calculated, and the reaction temperature was determined so that the C 18 isomer ratio was 85%.
- the reaction temperature at the start of operation was 334 ° C.
- the product discharged from the reactor is cooled to about 35 ° C. by a heat exchanger, a gas component and a liquid component are separated by a gas-liquid separator, and a liquid component (hydrocarbon oil) is supplied to a rectifying column. Fractionation was carried out at a cut point of ° C., and a fraction having a boiling point of 250 ° C. or higher was recovered as a light oil fraction.
- the activity of the hydrorefining catalyst decreased with the lapse of the operation time, the C 18 isomer ratio was monitored over time, and the reaction temperature was increased to always be 85%. Then, the operation was stopped after 11000 hours from the start of the operation, the inside of the reactor was purged with nitrogen gas, the reactor was cooled to room temperature and then opened, and the used spent catalyst was extracted.
- Example 1 Preparation of regenerated hydrotreating catalyst> (Carbon content measurement process) A sample was taken from the used catalyst obtained in Reference Example, washed thoroughly with hexane, and then dried at 70 ° C. for 2 hours in a vacuum dryer. The carbonaceous material contained in this sample was quantified with a carbon / sulfur analyzer EMIA-920V manufactured by Horiba. As a result, the used catalyst contained 3.5% by mass of carbonaceous material as carbon atoms with respect to the total dry mass. In addition, the hydrocarbon content of the used catalyst was calculated to be 9% by mass with respect to the total dry mass of the catalyst from the mass change before and after the sample was washed with hexane and dried.
- the yield of the light oil fraction computed from the ratio of the extraction flow rate of the light oil fraction from the fractionator with respect to the mass flow rate of the supplied raw material oil at that time was 43 mass%.
- the olefin content and the oxygen-containing compound were not substantially contained in the product oil. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 Preparation of regenerated hydrotreating catalyst> A regenerated hydrorefining catalyst was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that in the calcining step for preparing the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst, the calcining conditions after the temperature increase were set to 500 ° C. and 0.5 hour. The content of the carbonaceous substance in the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst was 0.5% by mass in terms of carbon atoms.
- Example 3 Preparation of regenerated hydrotreating catalyst> A regenerated hydrorefining catalyst was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that in the calcining step for preparing the regenerated hydrorefining catalyst, the calcining conditions after the temperature increase were 490 ° C. and 0.5 hour. The content of the carbonaceous material in the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst was 0.8% by mass in terms of carbon atoms.
- Example 4 Preparation of regenerated hydrotreating catalyst> (First deoiling step) The used catalyst obtained by the reference example was deoiled for 3 hours at 400 ° C. in a nitrogen stream.
- the pre-regenerated catalyst that had passed through the second deoiling step was heated under the same conditions as those in the first calcination step, and then calcined at 450 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a regenerated hydrotreating catalyst.
- the content of the carbonaceous material in the regenerated hydrotreating catalyst was 0.2% by mass in terms of carbon atoms.
- a regenerated hydrorefining catalyst having high hydroisomerization activity and suppressed cracking activity and capable of obtaining a middle distillate excellent in low-temperature fluidity in high yield, and the regenerated hydrogen A method for producing a hydrocarbon oil using a hydrotreating catalyst can be provided.
- liquidity can be obtained with a high yield using an inexpensive regenerated catalyst.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
分解率(%)=[(被処理ワックス単位質量中の沸点が360℃を超える炭化水素の質量)-(水素化分解生成物単位質量中の沸点が360℃を超える炭化水素の質量)]×100/(被処理ワックス単位質量中の沸点が360℃を超える炭化水素の質量)…(1)
<新規水素化精製触媒の調製>
粉末状のシリカジルコニア(シリカ/ジルコニアのモル比(ジルコニアに対するシリカのモル比)が7)を60質量%と粉末状のアルミナを40質量%とを含有する組成物に水を加えて粘土状に混練して捏和物を調製した。この捏和物を押出成型により直径約1.5mm、長さ約3mmの円柱状に成型した。得られた成型体を120℃で3時間乾燥し、更に空気中、450℃で3時間焼成して担体を得た。
上記により得られた水素化精製触媒を固定床流通式反応器に充填し、水素気流下、340℃で4時間の還元処理を行って触媒を活性化した。
<再生水素化精製触媒の調製>
(炭素分測定工程)
参考例により得た使用済み触媒から一部試料を採取し、ヘキサンにて十分に洗浄した後、減圧乾燥器にて70℃で2時間乾燥した。この試料中に含まれる炭素質物質を堀場製作所社製炭素・硫黄分析装置EMIA-920Vにより定量した。その結果、使用済み触媒はその乾燥全質量に対して、炭素原子として3.5質量%の炭素質物質を含有していた。また、試料のヘキサン洗浄・乾燥の前後における質量変化から、使用済み触媒の炭化水素含有量は触媒の乾燥全質量に対して9質量%と算出された。
使用済み水素化精製触媒に対して、窒素気流中400℃にて3時間、脱油処理を行なった。
脱油した使用済み触媒を加熱炉内に仕込み、空気雰囲気下、300℃まで昇温し、その後300~400℃の間を10℃/hの昇温速度で昇温し、その後500℃にて2時間焼成することにより、再生水素化精製触媒を得た。得られた再生水素化精製触媒中の炭素質物質を前述の炭素・硫黄分析装置により定量した結果、触媒の全質量を基準とし、炭素原子換算で0.05質量%であった。
上記により得た再生水素化精製触媒を反応器に充填した以外は、参考例における「新規水素化精製触媒による炭化水素油の製造」と同様にしてFT合成油由来の中間留分の炭化水素原料油の水素化精製を行なった。運転時間の経過と共に触媒の活性が低下するので、生成油のC18異性体率が85%を維持するように、反応温度を高めていった。運転開始後2000時間経過した時点(安定期)におけるC18異性体率を85%とする反応温度は341℃であった。また、その時の、供給した原料油の質量流量に対する精留塔からの軽油留分の抜き出し流量の比率から算出した軽油留分の収率は43質量%であった。なお、生成油中には、オレフィン分及び含酸素化合物は実質的に含まれていなかった。結果を表1に示す。
<再生水素化精製触媒の調製>
再生水素化精製触媒の調製の焼成工程において、昇温後の焼成条件を500℃、0.5時間とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして再生水素化精製触媒を得た。この再生水素化精製触媒中の炭素質物質の含有量は炭素原子換算で0.5質量%であった。
上記により得られた再生水素化精製触媒を反応器に充填した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてFT合成油由来の中間留分の水素化精製を行なった。運転時間2000時間時点での、C18異性体率を85%とする反応温度は343℃であり、軽油留分の収率は44質量%であった。また、生成油中にはオレフィン分及び含酸素化合物は実質的に含まれていなかった。結果を表1に示す。
<再生水素化精製触媒の調製>
再生水素化精製触媒の調製の焼成工程において、昇温後の焼成条件を490℃、0.5時間とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして再生水素化精製触媒を得た。この再生水素化精製触媒中の炭素質物質の含有量は炭素原子換算で0.8質量%であった。
上記により得られた再生水素化精製触媒を反応器に充填した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてFT合成油由来の中間留分の水素化精製を行なった。運転時間2000時間時点での、C18異性体率を85%とする反応温度は344℃であり、軽油留分の収率は44質量%であった。また、生成油中にはオレフィン分及び含酸素化合物は実質的に含まれていなかった。結果を表1に示す。
<再生水素化精製触媒の調製>
(第1脱油工程)
参考例により得た使用済み触媒に対して、窒素気流中400℃にて3時間、脱油処理を行なった。
脱油した使用済み触媒を加熱炉内に仕込み、空気雰囲気下、300℃まで昇温し、その後300~400℃の間を10℃/hの昇温速度で昇温し、その後580℃にて1時間焼成することにより、予備再生触媒を得た。得られた予備再生触媒中の炭素質物質を定量した結果、炭素が検出されなかった(炭素原子換算含有量が0.02質量%以下)。
参考例の「新規水素化精製触媒による炭化水素油の製造」において得られた軽油留分に上記予備再生触媒を浸漬した。
前記予備再生触媒を軽油留分中より引き上げ、窒素気流中400℃にて3時間、脱油処理を行なった。
第2脱油工程を経た予備再生触媒を、第1焼成工程における昇温条件と同一の条件で昇温後、450℃にて1時間焼成して再生水素化精製触媒を得た。この再生水素化精製触媒中の炭素質物質の含有量は炭素原子換算で0.2質量%であった。
上記により得られた再生水素化精製触媒を用いて、実施例1と同様にしてFT合成油由来の中間留分の水素化精製を行なった。運転時間2000時間時点での、C18異性体率を85%とする反応温度は342℃であり、軽油留分の収率は44質量%であった。また、生成油中にはオレフィン分及び含酸素化合物は実質的に含まれていなかった。結果を表2に示す。
<再生水素化精製触媒の調製>
実施例4の「再生水素化精製触媒の調製」の「第1焼成工程」で得られた触媒(予備再生触媒)をそのまま再生水素化精製触媒とした。前述のように、この再生水素化精製触媒中には炭素質物質が検出されなかった(炭素原子換算含有量が0.02質量%以下)。
上記により得られた再生水素化精製触媒を反応器に充填した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてFT合成油由来の中間留分の水素化精製を行なった。運転時間2000時間時点での、C18異性体率を85%とする反応温度は340℃であり、軽油留分の収率は39質量%であった。また、生成油中にはオレフィン分及び含酸素化合物は実質的に含まれていなかった。結果を表1に示す。
<再生水素化精製触媒の調製>
実施例4の「再生水素化精製触媒の調製」の「第2焼成工程」における昇温後の焼成条件を430℃、1時間とした以外は実施例4と同様にして再生水素化精製触媒を得た。この再生水素化精製触媒中の炭素質物質の含有量は、炭素原子換算にて1.2質量%であった。
上記により得られた再生水素化精製触媒を反応器に充填した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてFT合成油由来の中間留分の水素化精製を行なった。運転時間2000時間時点での、C18異性体率を85%とする反応温度は349℃であり、軽油留分の収率は41質量%であった。また、生成油中にはオレフィン分及び含酸素化合物は実質的に含まれていなかった。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (5)
- 固体酸性を有する非晶性複合金属酸化物を含む担体と、前記担体に担持された周期表第8族~第10族の貴金属から選択される少なくとも一種の活性金属と、を含む使用済み水素化精製触媒を再生してなり、
触媒の全質量を基準とし、炭素原子換算で0.05~1質量%の炭素質物質を含有する、再生水素化精製触媒。 - 前記非晶性複合金属酸化物が、シリカジルコニア、シリカアルミナ及びアルミナボリアから選択される少なくとも一種である、請求項1記載の再生水素化精製触媒。
- 前記活性金属が白金である、請求項1又は2記載の再生水素化精製触媒。
- 分子状水素の共存下、沸点が25~360℃の範囲にある直鎖状脂肪族炭化水素を80質量%以上含み且つ沸点が150~360℃の範囲にある直鎖状脂肪族炭化水素を20質量%以上含む原料油を、請求項1~3のいずれか一項記載の再生水素化精製触媒に接触させる、炭化水素油の製造方法。
- 前記原料油が、フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成反応により得られる合成油である、請求項4記載の炭化水素油の製造方法。
Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2012233955A AU2012233955A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | Regenerated hydrogenation refining catalyst and method for producing a hydrocarbon oil |
| CN2012800156358A CN103459016A (zh) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | 再生加氢精制催化剂及烃油的制造方法 |
| US14/008,172 US20140076782A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | Regenerated hydrogenation refining catalyst and method for producing a hydrocarbon oil |
| CA2831733A CA2831733A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | Regenerated hydrogenation refining catalyst and method for producing a hydrocarbon oil |
| EA201391411A EA201391411A1 (ru) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | Регенерированный катализатор гидроочистки и способ изготовления углеводородного масла |
| EP12764666.9A EP2692428A4 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | REGENERATED HYDRAULIC REFINING CATALYST AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A HYDROCARBON OIL |
| AP2013007190A AP3715A (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | Regenerated hydrogenation refining catalyst and method for producing a hydrocarbon oil |
| BR112013025278A BR112013025278A2 (pt) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | catalisador de refino de hidrogenação regenerado e método para produção de um óleo de hidrocarboneto |
| ZA2013/07562A ZA201307562B (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2013-10-10 | Regenerated hydrogenation refining catalyst and method for producing a hydrocarbon oil |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011-080576 | 2011-03-31 | ||
| JP2011080576A JP5693332B2 (ja) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | 再生水素化精製触媒及び炭化水素油の製造方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012133317A1 true WO2012133317A1 (ja) | 2012-10-04 |
Family
ID=46931034
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/057765 Ceased WO2012133317A1 (ja) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-03-26 | 再生水素化精製触媒及び炭化水素油の製造方法 |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20140076782A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2692428A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5693332B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN103459016A (ja) |
| AP (1) | AP3715A (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2012233955A1 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR112013025278A2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2831733A1 (ja) |
| EA (1) | EA201391411A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2012133317A1 (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201307562B (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9475036B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2016-10-25 | Japan Oil, Gas And Metals National Corporation | Hydrogenation refining catalyst and method for producing a hydrocarbon oil |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2904803C (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2021-11-23 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for rejuvenation of a used hydrotreating catalyst |
| GB201407158D0 (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-06-04 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Precious metal recovery |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52133303A (en) * | 1976-04-29 | 1977-11-08 | Atlantic Richfield Co | Method of converting hydrocarbon and catalyst used in method thereof |
| JPS63236544A (ja) * | 1987-03-06 | 1988-10-03 | アンスティテュ・フランセ・デュ・ペトロール | モルデン沸石をベースとする正パラフィン類の異性化触媒の再生または活性化方法 |
| JPH05123586A (ja) * | 1991-11-05 | 1993-05-21 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 炭化水素油水素化処理触媒の再生方法 |
| JPH05192571A (ja) * | 1991-09-12 | 1993-08-03 | Shell Internatl Res Maatschappij Bv | 水添変換触媒 |
| JP2000000470A (ja) * | 1998-06-15 | 2000-01-07 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 水素化処理触媒及び重質油の水素化処理方法 |
| JP2004323626A (ja) | 2003-04-23 | 2004-11-18 | Japan Energy Corp | 環境対応燃料油とその製造方法 |
| JP2007518561A (ja) * | 2004-01-20 | 2007-07-12 | シエル・インターナシヨナル・リサーチ・マートスハツペイ・ベー・ヴエー | 使用済み水素化処理触媒の触媒活性を回復させる方法、回復された触媒活性を有する使用済み水素化処理触媒および水素化処理方法 |
| JP2007269901A (ja) | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-18 | Nippon Oil Corp | 合成油の処理方法、水素製造用炭化水素油及びディーゼル燃料基材用炭化水素油 |
| JP2007319844A (ja) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-13 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 重質油水素化処理触媒の再生方法 |
| JP2008169355A (ja) | 2007-01-15 | 2008-07-24 | Nippon Oil Corp | 液体燃料の製造方法 |
| JP2010089087A (ja) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-22 | Eurecat Sa | 炭化水素を処理するための触媒を再生する方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3344059A (en) * | 1965-01-21 | 1967-09-26 | Sinclair Research Inc | Conversion of hydrocarbons to gasoline with a zunyite-containing catalyst composite |
| US3433732A (en) * | 1967-05-17 | 1969-03-18 | Mobil Oil Corp | Catalytic hydrocracking process and steam regeneration of catalyst to produce hydrogen |
| US4859308A (en) * | 1988-01-19 | 1989-08-22 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Two-stage process for conversion of alkanes to gasoline |
| TW235335B (ja) * | 1991-11-05 | 1994-12-01 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | |
| FR2718145B1 (fr) * | 1994-04-01 | 1996-05-31 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procédé de traitement avec hydroisomérisation de charges issues du procédé fischer-tropsch. |
| CN1098338C (zh) * | 2000-06-12 | 2003-01-08 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | 一种加氢催化剂器外再生方法 |
| US7507326B2 (en) * | 2003-11-14 | 2009-03-24 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process for the upgrading of the products of Fischer-Tropsch processes |
| US20050148456A1 (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-07-07 | Pierre Dufresne | Off-site regeneration of reforming catalysts |
| WO2009041478A1 (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-02 | Japan Oil, Gas And Metals National Corporation | ディーゼル燃料の製造方法 |
| JP4610664B1 (ja) * | 2009-07-09 | 2011-01-12 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 再生水素化処理用触媒の製造方法及び石油製品の製造方法 |
-
2011
- 2011-03-31 JP JP2011080576A patent/JP5693332B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-03-26 BR BR112013025278A patent/BR112013025278A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-03-26 AP AP2013007190A patent/AP3715A/en active
- 2012-03-26 CN CN2012800156358A patent/CN103459016A/zh active Pending
- 2012-03-26 EP EP12764666.9A patent/EP2692428A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-03-26 CA CA2831733A patent/CA2831733A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-03-26 EA EA201391411A patent/EA201391411A1/ru unknown
- 2012-03-26 US US14/008,172 patent/US20140076782A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-03-26 WO PCT/JP2012/057765 patent/WO2012133317A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2012-03-26 AU AU2012233955A patent/AU2012233955A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2013
- 2013-10-10 ZA ZA2013/07562A patent/ZA201307562B/en unknown
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52133303A (en) * | 1976-04-29 | 1977-11-08 | Atlantic Richfield Co | Method of converting hydrocarbon and catalyst used in method thereof |
| JPS63236544A (ja) * | 1987-03-06 | 1988-10-03 | アンスティテュ・フランセ・デュ・ペトロール | モルデン沸石をベースとする正パラフィン類の異性化触媒の再生または活性化方法 |
| JPH05192571A (ja) * | 1991-09-12 | 1993-08-03 | Shell Internatl Res Maatschappij Bv | 水添変換触媒 |
| JPH05123586A (ja) * | 1991-11-05 | 1993-05-21 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 炭化水素油水素化処理触媒の再生方法 |
| JP2000000470A (ja) * | 1998-06-15 | 2000-01-07 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 水素化処理触媒及び重質油の水素化処理方法 |
| JP2004323626A (ja) | 2003-04-23 | 2004-11-18 | Japan Energy Corp | 環境対応燃料油とその製造方法 |
| JP2007518561A (ja) * | 2004-01-20 | 2007-07-12 | シエル・インターナシヨナル・リサーチ・マートスハツペイ・ベー・ヴエー | 使用済み水素化処理触媒の触媒活性を回復させる方法、回復された触媒活性を有する使用済み水素化処理触媒および水素化処理方法 |
| JP2007269901A (ja) | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-18 | Nippon Oil Corp | 合成油の処理方法、水素製造用炭化水素油及びディーゼル燃料基材用炭化水素油 |
| JP2007319844A (ja) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-13 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 重質油水素化処理触媒の再生方法 |
| JP2008169355A (ja) | 2007-01-15 | 2008-07-24 | Nippon Oil Corp | 液体燃料の製造方法 |
| JP2010089087A (ja) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-22 | Eurecat Sa | 炭化水素を処理するための触媒を再生する方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP2692428A4 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9475036B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2016-10-25 | Japan Oil, Gas And Metals National Corporation | Hydrogenation refining catalyst and method for producing a hydrocarbon oil |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2012214605A (ja) | 2012-11-08 |
| US20140076782A1 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
| AP2013007190A0 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
| ZA201307562B (en) | 2014-07-30 |
| EP2692428A4 (en) | 2014-09-10 |
| EP2692428A1 (en) | 2014-02-05 |
| JP5693332B2 (ja) | 2015-04-01 |
| BR112013025278A2 (pt) | 2016-12-13 |
| CN103459016A (zh) | 2013-12-18 |
| EA201391411A1 (ru) | 2014-02-28 |
| AP3715A (en) | 2016-06-30 |
| CA2831733A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
| AU2012233955A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5690634B2 (ja) | 水素化精製触媒及び炭化水素油の製造方法 | |
| JP5660957B2 (ja) | 再生水素化分解触媒及び炭化水素油の製造方法 | |
| JP5660956B2 (ja) | 水素化分解触媒及び炭化水素油の製造方法 | |
| JP5693332B2 (ja) | 再生水素化精製触媒及び炭化水素油の製造方法 | |
| JP5730104B2 (ja) | 担体の選別方法及び水素化処理用触媒の製造方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 12764666 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2831733 Country of ref document: CA |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1301005523 Country of ref document: TH |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2012764666 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201391411 Country of ref document: EA |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2012233955 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20120326 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14008172 Country of ref document: US |
|
| REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01A Ref document number: 112013025278 Country of ref document: BR |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 112013025278 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20130930 |