WO2012124326A1 - 燃料電池および燃料電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池および燃料電池の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012124326A1 WO2012124326A1 PCT/JP2012/001788 JP2012001788W WO2012124326A1 WO 2012124326 A1 WO2012124326 A1 WO 2012124326A1 JP 2012001788 W JP2012001788 W JP 2012001788W WO 2012124326 A1 WO2012124326 A1 WO 2012124326A1
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- anode
- cathode
- interconnector
- fuel cell
- membrane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
- H01M8/0256—Vias, i.e. connectors passing through the separator material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/002—Shape, form of a fuel cell
- H01M8/006—Flat
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0241—Composites
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2404—Processes or apparatus for grouping fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2418—Grouping by arranging unit cells in a plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fuel cell in which cells are arranged in a plane.
- Fuel cells are devices that generate electrical energy from hydrogen and oxygen, and can achieve high power generation efficiency.
- the main features of the fuel cell are direct power generation that does not go through the process of thermal energy and kinetic energy as in the conventional power generation method, so that high power generation efficiency can be expected even on a small scale, and there is little emission of nitrogen compounds, Noise and vibration are also small, so the environmental performance is good.
- the fuel cell can effectively use the chemical energy of fuel and has environmentally friendly characteristics, so it is expected as an energy supply system for the 21st century, from space use to automobiles and portable devices. It is attracting attention as a promising new power generation system that can be used for various applications from large-scale power generation to small-scale power generation, and technological development is in full swing toward practical application.
- the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is characterized by low operating temperature and high output density compared to other types of fuel cells.
- mobile devices cell phones, notebook personal computers, PDAs, It is expected to be used for power sources such as MP3 players, digital cameras, electronic dictionaries or electronic books.
- a polymer electrolyte fuel cell for portable equipment a planar array type fuel cell in which a plurality of single cells are arranged in a planar shape is known.
- the cell fabrication technique using laser processing has a problem that it takes a lot of time to work, and thus increases the manufacturing time of the fuel cell, and consequently increases the manufacturing cost of the fuel cell.
- alignment during laser processing becomes difficult. Specifically, since the distance between the cells is short (for example, 0.3 mm), it is difficult to adjust the laser irradiation position.
- the processing accuracy may be lowered due to the defocus of the laser.
- ash generated when the anode and cathode are selectively removed by laser irradiation becomes a contamination, which may adversely affect the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a technique for manufacturing an integrated cell without using laser processing.
- An interconnector formed between adjacent membrane electrode assemblies so as to come into contact with the electrode of the membrane electrode assembly on the side surface on the side of one membrane electrode assembly of the projection, and a projection having a top surface;
- An insulator that forms part of the top surface and electrically insulates the interconnector and the electrode on the other membrane electrode assembly side of the protrusion at the protrusion.
- the interconnector and the electrode may be in contact with each other at the chamfered portion formed at the top of the protruding portion.
- the end surface of the electrode in which the top surface of the protrusion extends from one membrane electrode assembly, the end surface of the interconnector, the end surface of the insulator, and the end surface of the electrode extending from the other membrane electrode assembly are in this order. It may be formed of a laminated surface laminated with.
- the chamfered portion may be a concave portion with respect to a line connecting both ends of the chamfered portion.
- an insulator that electrically insulates the interconnector and the electrode on the other membrane electrode assembly side of the protruding portion; Characterized in that it comprises and an insulating coating layer covering the insulator with.
- the top surface of the protruding portion is an end surface of an electrode extending from one membrane electrode assembly, and the end surface of the electrode extending from the coating layer and the other membrane electrode assembly is stacked in this order
- the surface may be formed.
- Still another embodiment of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a fuel cell.
- the fuel cell manufacturing method includes a step of preparing a composite material in which insulators are respectively laminated on both sides of an interconnector, and the interconnector is exposed in the stacking direction at corners of the laminate surface, and an adjacent membrane electrode assembly.
- a step of forming an electrode on the electrolyte membrane sandwiching the electrode, and a step of removing the electrode covering the top of the protrusion is a step of preparing a composite material in which insulators are respectively laminated on both sides of an interconnector, and the interconnector is exposed in the stacking direction at corners of the laminate surface, and an adjacent membrane electrode assembly.
- a composite membrane for a fuel cell in which cells are integrated can be easily produced without using laser processing for partitioning of the cells. Since laser processing is not used to partition the cells, ash is not generated by laser irradiation. For this reason, the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer can be kept clean.
- the corners of the laminated surface may be chamfered in the direction intersecting the laminated surface.
- the composite material may include a coating layer that covers an end surface in a direction that intersects the stacking direction, and in the step of removing the electrode, the electrode that covers the top of the protruding portion and at least a portion of the coating layer may be removed.
- an integrated cell can be manufactured without using laser processing.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part showing the structure of an anode side protrusion and a cathode side protrusion of the first embodiment.
- 3 is a process diagram illustrating a method for producing a composite membrane used in the fuel cell according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a process diagram illustrating a method for producing a composite membrane used in the fuel cell according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 5 is a process diagram showing a method for producing a composite membrane used in a fuel cell according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 5 is a process diagram showing a method for producing a composite membrane used in a fuel cell according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 6 is a process diagram illustrating a method for producing a composite membrane used in a fuel cell according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 6 is a process diagram illustrating a method for producing a composite membrane used in a fuel cell according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 4.
- FIG. 10 is a process diagram showing a method for producing a composite membrane used in a fuel cell according to Embodiment 4.
- FIG. 10 is a process diagram showing a method for producing a composite membrane used in a fuel cell according to Embodiment 4.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a fuel cell according to Embodiment 5.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a main part showing the structure of an anode side protrusion and a cathode side protrusion of Embodiment 5.
- FIG. 10 is a process diagram showing a method for producing a composite membrane used in a fuel cell according to Embodiment 5.
- FIG. 10 is a process diagram showing a method for producing a composite membrane used in a fuel cell according to Embodiment 5.
- the fuel cell 10 includes a composite membrane 100, a cathode housing 50, and an anode housing 52.
- the composite membrane 100 includes a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies 20 arranged in a plane.
- the membrane electrode assembly 20 includes an electrolyte membrane 22 and a cathode 24 and an anode 26 provided on one surface of the electrolyte membrane 22.
- the edge of the composite membrane 100 is formed of the electrolyte membrane 22, and the plurality of membrane electrode assemblies 20 are formed in a region inside the edge.
- the electrolyte membrane 22 preferably exhibits good ion conductivity in a wet state or a humidified state, and functions as an ion exchange membrane that moves protons between the cathode 24 and the anode 26.
- the electrolyte membrane 22 is formed of a solid polymer material such as a fluorine-containing polymer or a non-fluorine polymer, and for example, a sulfonic acid type perfluorocarbon polymer, a polysulfone resin, a perfluorocarbon polymer having a phosphonic acid group or a carboxylic acid group. Etc. can be used.
- the sulfonic acid type perfluorocarbon polymer Nafion (manufactured by DuPont: registered trademark) ionomer solution and the like can be mentioned.
- non-fluorine polymers include sulfonated aromatic polyetheretherketone and polysulfone.
- the thickness of the electrolyte membrane 22 is, for example, about 10 to about 200 ⁇ m.
- the cathode 24 is formed in a state of being separated from each other on one surface of the electrolyte membrane 22. Air may be supplied to the cathode 24 as an oxidant.
- the anode 26 is formed in a state of being separated from the other surface of the electrolyte membrane 22. Hydrogen may be supplied to the anode 26 as a fuel gas. In this embodiment, hydrogen is used as the fuel gas, but other suitable fuels such as methanol, formic acid, butane, or other hydrogen carriers may also be used.
- a single cell is formed by sandwiching an electrolyte membrane 22 between a pair of cathode 24 and anode 26, and each single cell generates power by an electrochemical reaction between fuel (for example, hydrogen) and oxygen in the air. To do.
- the cathode 24 and the anode 26 have ion exchangers and catalyst particles, and possibly carbon particles, respectively.
- the ion exchanger contained in the cathode 24 and the anode 26 may be used to improve the adhesion between the catalyst particles and the electrolyte membrane 22 and may have a role of transmitting protons between the two.
- This ion exchanger may be formed of the same polymer material as the electrolyte membrane 22.
- catalyst metals include Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Pt, Os, Ir, alloys selected from lanthanoid series elements and actinoid series elements, A simple substance is mentioned.
- the cathode 24 and the anode 26 may be about 10 to about 40 ⁇ m, respectively. Further, the cathode 24 and the anode 26 may include a conductive layer capable of diffusing fuel gas and air. In that case, the thickness of the cathode 24 and the anode 26 may each be, for example, about 50 to about 500 ⁇ m.
- the interconnector (conductive member) 30 is formed between adjacent membrane electrode assemblies 20.
- Examples of the material responsible for the conductivity of the interconnector 30 include carbon fiber, graphite sheet, carbon paper, carbon-based material that does not transmit gas by impregnating carbon powder with resin, platinum, gold, stainless steel, titanium, nickel, and the like. A metal material is mentioned.
- the interconnector 30 constitutes a part of the anode side protruding portion 28 protruding from the surface of the anode 26.
- a part of the interconnector 30 is one of the membrane electrode assemblies 20 on both sides of the anode side protruding portion 28 (on the right side of the interconnector 30 in FIG. 2).
- the region R1 is exposed to the membrane electrode assembly 20) located at (see FIG. 3).
- the interconnector 30 is in contact with the anode 26 extending from the one membrane electrode assembly 20.
- the interconnector 30 is located on the left side of the membrane electrode assembly 20 (in FIG. 2, the left side of the interconnector 30) among the membrane electrode assemblies 20 on both sides of the anode-side protruding portion 28. It is electrically insulated by the anode 26 and the first insulator 110 extending from the membrane electrode assembly 20).
- the top surface M of the anode-side protruding portion 28 is flat.
- the top surface M of the anode-side protruding portion 28 includes the end surface of the anode 26 that extends from one membrane electrode assembly 20, the end surface of the interconnector 30, the end surface of the first insulator 110, and the other end surface.
- the end face of the anode 26 extending from the membrane electrode assembly 20 is a laminated surface laminated in this order.
- the interconnector 30 constitutes a part of the anode side protruding portion 28 protruding from the surface of the cathode 24.
- a part of the interconnector 30 has a region R2 exposed to the other membrane electrode assembly 20 among the membrane electrode assemblies 20 on both sides of the cathode-side protruding portion 38 (FIG. 3). reference). In this region, the interconnector 30 is in contact with the cathode 24 extending from the other membrane electrode assembly 20.
- the interconnector 30 includes the cathode 24 and the second insulator 112 extending from one membrane electrode assembly 20 among the membrane electrode assemblies 20 on both sides of the cathode side protruding portion 38. Is electrically insulated by.
- the top surface N of the cathode side protruding portion 38 is flat.
- the top surface N of the cathode-side protruding portion 38 includes the end surface of the cathode 24 extending from the other membrane electrode assembly 20, the end surface of the interconnector 30, the end surface of the second insulator 112, and one of the end surfaces.
- the end face of the cathode 24 extending from the membrane electrode assembly 20 is a laminated surface laminated in this order.
- the cathode housing 50 may constitute a part of the casing of the fuel cell 10 or may be provided adjacent to the cathode 24.
- the cathode housing 50 may be provided with an air intake 51 for taking in air from the outside.
- An air chamber 60 through which air flows may be formed between the cathode housing 50 and the cathode 24. The pressure of the air in the air chamber 60 is equivalent to the atmospheric pressure.
- the anode housing 52 may constitute a part of the housing of the fuel cell 10 and may be provided adjacent to the anode 26.
- a fuel gas chamber 62 for storing fuel may be formed between the anode housing 52 and the anode 26.
- a fuel supply port (not shown) may be provided in the anode housing 52 so that fuel gas can be appropriately replenished from the fuel cartridge or the like. The pressure of the fuel gas in the fuel gas chamber 62 may be maintained higher than the atmospheric pressure.
- Examples of materials used for the cathode housing 50 and the anode housing 52 include general plastic resins such as phenol resin, vinyl resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polystyrene resin, urea resin, and fluorine resin.
- the cathode housing 50 and the anode housing 52 may be fastened using fastening members (not shown) such as bolts and nuts via a gasket 70 provided at the peripheral edge of the composite membrane 100. Thereby, pressure is applied to the gasket 70 and the sealing performance by the gasket 70 is enhanced.
- a laminate 200 is prepared in which a first insulator 110 and a second insulator 112 are laminated on both sides of the interconnector 30, respectively.
- the thicknesses of the first insulator 110 and the second insulator 112 are each 0.1 mm, for example.
- the stacked body 200 is cut along the cutting line C set at a predetermined interval, and is separated into a bar-shaped composite material 210 (see FIG. 4B).
- the interval between the cutting lines C may be larger than the total thickness of the electrolyte membrane 22, cathode 24, and anode 26 described above, and is, for example, about 50 to about 1400 ⁇ m.
- a region including one corner portion of the second insulator 112 is chamfered along the longitudinal direction of the composite material 210 (direction intersecting the laminated surface), and the interconnector is formed. 30 is exposed.
- a region including the other corner portion of the first insulator 110 at a position opposite to one corner portion of the second insulator 112 is a composite material.
- the interconnector 30 is exposed by chamfering along the longitudinal direction of 210.
- the composite material 210 is placed on the pedestal 300 so that the stacking direction of the composite material 210 faces the surface direction of the pedestal 300 such as a glass plate.
- grooves 302 into which a part of the composite material 210 can be fitted are formed in advance at predetermined intervals. Thereby, the time and effort of alignment when placing the composite material on the pedestal can be saved.
- an electrolyte solution 310 containing an ion exchanger such as Nafion is applied between the pair of composite materials 210.
- the electrolyte solution 22 is formed by drying the electrolyte solution. As the solvent is removed, the thickness of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes thinner than the thickness of the electrolyte solution 310 shown in FIG.
- a part of the composite material 210 that protrudes from one surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 (hereinafter referred to as an anode surface) becomes a part of the anode-side protrusion 28 described above.
- a part of the composite material 210 that protrudes with respect to the other surface (hereinafter referred to as a cathode surface) of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes a part of the cathode side protruding portion 38.
- an anode catalyst slurry is applied by spray coating so as to cover the anode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 and the anode-side protruding portion 28 to form the anode 26.
- the interconnector 30 exposed to the chamfered portion of the anode side protruding portion 28 and the anode 26 are connected.
- the cathode 24 is formed by applying a cathode catalyst slurry by spray coating so as to cover the cathode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 and the cathode-side protruding portion 38.
- the interconnector 30 exposed to the chamfered portion of the cathode side protruding portion 38 and the cathode 24 are connected.
- the anode 26 formed on the top of the anode-side protrusion 28 is scraped off using a spatula or a blade, and a flat exposed surface is formed on the top of the anode-side protrusion 28.
- a spatula or a blade it is possible to simplify the process by removing the anodes 26 formed on the tops of the plurality of anode side protrusions 28 at a time.
- the end face (cutting surface) of the first insulator 110 is interposed between the two.
- the interconnector 30 and the anode 26 extending from above the electrolyte membrane 22 opposite to the chamfered side are electrically insulated.
- the composite membrane 100 used for the fuel cell of the first embodiment is manufactured.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the fuel cell according to Embodiment 2.
- the basic configuration of the fuel cell 10 of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description of the same configuration as that of the first embodiment will be appropriately omitted.
- the flat top surface of a part of the anode-side protrusions 28 ′ has an end face of the anode 26 extending from above the chamfered electrolyte membrane 22; It has a laminated structure in which a coating layer 400 is interposed between the end face of the anode 26 extending from above the electrolyte membrane 22 on the side opposite to the chamfered side.
- all of the anode side protrusions may be formed by the structure of the anode side protrusion 28 'described above.
- the flat top surface of some of the cathode-side protrusions 38 ′ of the cathode-side protrusions 38 is the end face of the cathode 24 that extends from above the chamfered electrolyte membrane 22.
- all of the cathode side protrusions may be formed in the structure of the cathode side protrusion 38 'described above.
- the covering layer 400 and the covering layer 410 are made of an insulating material.
- the covering layer 400 and the covering layer 410 are preferably softer than the interconnector 30 and can be easily cut off with a spatula or the like.
- An example of a material used for the coating layer 400 and the coating layer 410 is Nafion.
- covering layers 400 and 410 are formed on both laminated surfaces of the composite material 210 shown in FIG. 4B, respectively.
- a region including one corner portion of the second insulator 112 and an end portion of the coating layer 400 in the vicinity of the corner portion is defined as a longitudinal direction (lamination surface and laminated surface) of the composite material 210.
- the interconnector 30 is exposed by chamfering along the crossing direction.
- a region including the end portion of the covering layer 410 is chamfered along the longitudinal direction of the composite material 210 to expose the interconnector 30.
- an electrolyte solution 310 containing an ion exchanger such as Nafion is applied between the pair of composite materials 210.
- the electrolyte solution is dried to form the electrolyte membrane 22.
- the thickness of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes thinner than the thickness of the electrolyte solution 310 shown in FIG.
- a part of the composite material 210 protruding from the anode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes a part of the anode side protruding part 28.
- a part of the composite material 210 protruding from the cathode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes a part of the cathode side protruding portion 38.
- an anode catalyst slurry is applied by spray coating so as to cover the anode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22, the anode-side protruding portion 28, and the coating layer 400, thereby forming the anode 26.
- the interconnector 30 exposed to the chamfered portion of the anode side protruding portion 28 and the anode 26 are connected.
- the cathode 24 is formed by applying a cathode catalyst slurry by a spray coating method so as to cover the cathode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22, the coating layer 410 and the cathode-side protruding portion 38.
- the interconnector 30 exposed to the chamfered portion of the cathode side protruding portion 38 and the cathode 24 are connected.
- the anode 26 and the coating layer 400 formed on the top of the anode-side protrusion 28 are scraped off using a spatula or a blade, and the anode-side protrusion 28 is flattened on the top. Forming an exposed surface.
- the anode-side protruding portion 28 similar to that in the first embodiment is formed.
- the above-described anode-side protruding portion 28 ′ is formed.
- the cathode 24 and the coating layer 410 formed on the top of the cathode side protrusion 38 are scraped off using a spatula or a blade to form a flat exposed surface on the top of the cathode side protrusion 38.
- the cathode-side protruding portion 38 similar to that in the first embodiment is formed.
- the above-described cathode-side protruding portion 38 ′ is formed.
- the composite membrane 100 used for the fuel cell of Embodiment 2 is produced.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the fuel cell according to Embodiment 3.
- the basic configuration of the fuel cell 10 of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description of the same configuration as that of the first embodiment will be appropriately omitted.
- the flat top surface of the anode-side protruding portion 28 includes an end surface of the anode 26 that extends from above the electrolyte membrane 22 located on one side of the interconnector 30, and the other side of the interconnector 30.
- the side surface on the electrolyte membrane 22 side located on one side of the interconnector 30 is not covered with the second insulator 112, and the interconnector 30 and one side of the interconnector 30 are not covered.
- An anode 26 extending from above the electrolyte membrane 22 is electrically connected.
- the interconnector 30 is electrically insulated from the anode 26 extending from above the electrolyte membrane 22 located on the other side of the interconnector 30 by the first insulator 110. .
- the flat top surface of the cathode-side protruding portion 38 has an end surface of the cathode 24 extending from above the electrolyte membrane 22 located on the other side of the interconnector 30 and an electrolyte located on one side of the interconnector 30. It has a laminated structure in which the end face of the interconnector 30 and the second insulator 112 are sandwiched between the end face of the cathode 24 extending from above the membrane 22.
- the cathode side protrusion 38 and the side surface on the electrolyte membrane 22 side located on the other side of the interconnector 30 are not covered with the first insulator 110, and are located on the interconnector 30 and the other side of the interconnector 30.
- the cathode 24 extending from above the electrolyte membrane 22 is electrically connected.
- the interconnector 30 is electrically insulated from the cathode 24 extending from above the electrolyte membrane 22 located on one side of the interconnector 30 by the second insulator 112. .
- the coating layer 400 and the coating layer 410 may be formed as in the second embodiment.
- the first insulator 110 and the second insulator 112 are shifted from each other in the surface direction of the interconnector 30 with the interconnector 30 interposed therebetween.
- a laminated body 200 formed as described above is prepared.
- the interconnector 30 is exposed from the one cutting line C in a direction intersecting with the predetermined length. Further, on the other side of the interconnector 30, the interconnector 30 is exposed by a predetermined length in the direction intersecting with the other cutting line C.
- the laminated body 200 is cut along the cutting line C, and separated into a bar-shaped composite material 210 (see FIG. 10B).
- a part of the composite material 210 is fitted into the groove 302 so that the stacking direction of the composite material 210 faces the surface direction of the base 300 such as a glass plate. Place on top.
- an electrolyte solution 310 containing an ion exchanger such as Nafion is applied between the pair of composite materials 210.
- the electrolyte solution 22 is formed by drying the electrolyte solution. As the solvent is removed, the thickness of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes thinner than the thickness of the electrolyte solution 310 shown in FIG. A part of the composite material 210 protruding from the anode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes a part of the anode side protruding part 28. A part of the composite material 210 protruding from the cathode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes a part of the cathode side protruding portion 38.
- an anode catalyst slurry is applied by spray coating so as to cover the anode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 and the anode-side protruding portion 28 to form the anode 26.
- the interconnector 30 exposed on one side surface of the anode-side protruding portion 28 and the anode 26 are connected.
- the cathode 24 is formed by applying a cathode catalyst slurry by spray coating so as to cover the cathode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 and the cathode-side protruding portion 38.
- the interconnector 30 exposed on the other side surface of the cathode side protruding portion 38 and the cathode 24 are connected.
- the anode 26 formed on the top of the anode-side protrusion 28 is scraped off using a spatula or a blade, and a flat exposed surface is formed on the top of the anode-side protrusion 28.
- the cathode 24 formed on the top of the cathode side protrusion 38 is scraped off using a spatula or a blade to form a flat exposed surface on the top of the cathode side protrusion 38.
- the composite membrane 100 used for the fuel cell of Embodiment 3 is produced.
- the flat top surface of a part of the anode-side protrusions 28 ′′ is the end surface of the anode 26 that extends from above the chamfered electrolyte membrane 22.
- the first insulator 110 is formed on the flat top surface and the side surface of the interconnector 30 opposite to the chamfered side.
- the interconnector 30 and the anode 26 opposite to the chamfered side are electrically insulated.
- the flat top surface of some of the cathode-side protrusions 38 ′′ of the cathode-side protrusions 38 has the cathode 24 extending from above the chamfered electrolyte membrane 22. It has a laminated structure in which the second insulator 112 is interposed between the end face and the end face of the cathode 24 extending from the top of the electrolyte membrane 22 opposite to the chamfered side. Note that all of the cathode side protrusions may be formed with the structure of the cathode side protrusions 38 ′′ described above.
- the second insulator 112 is formed on the flat top surface and the side surface of the interconnector 30 opposite to the chamfered side.
- the interconnector 30 and the cathode 24 opposite to the chamfered side are electrically insulated.
- a composite material 210 comprising a rod-like interconnector 30 and an insulator 114 covering the periphery of the interconnector 30 is prepared.
- an electrolyte solution 310 containing an ion exchanger such as Nafion is applied between the pair of composite materials 210.
- the electrolyte solution is dried to form the electrolyte membrane 22.
- the thickness of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes thinner than the thickness of the electrolyte solution 310 shown in FIG.
- a part of the composite material 210 protruding from the anode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes a part of the anode side protruding part 28.
- a part of the composite material 210 protruding from the cathode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes a part of the cathode side protruding portion 38.
- an anode catalyst slurry is applied by spray coating so as to cover the anode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 and the anode-side protruding portion 28 to form the anode 26.
- the interconnector 30 exposed on one side surface of the anode-side protruding portion 28 and the anode 26 are connected.
- the cathode 24 is formed by applying a cathode catalyst slurry by spray coating so as to cover the cathode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 and the cathode-side protruding portion 38.
- the interconnector 30 exposed on the other side surface of the cathode side protruding portion 38 and the cathode 24 are connected.
- the anode 26 formed on the top of the anode-side protrusion 28 is scraped off using a spatula or a blade, and a flat exposed surface is formed on the top of the anode-side protrusion 28.
- the anode-side protruding portion 28 similar to that in the first embodiment is formed.
- the above-described anode-side protruding portion 28 ′′ is formed.
- the cathode 24 formed on the top of the cathode side protrusion 38 is scraped off using a spatula or a blade to form a flat exposed surface on the top of the cathode side protrusion 38.
- the cathode-side protruding portion 38 similar to that in the first embodiment is formed.
- the above-described cathode side protruding portion 38 ′′ is formed.
- the stepped surface S 3 of the portion of the interconnector 30 that is not covered with the second insulator 112 is opposite to the side surface of the portion of the interconnector 30 that is covered with the second insulator 112. It is a recess.
- the interconnector 30 has a step that is not covered with the second insulator 112.
- the step side surface S2 of the step and the end surface S1 of the second insulator 112 on the anode side protruding portion 28 side are flush with each other.
- the chamfered portions of the interconnector 30 and the first insulator 110 and the chamfered portions of the interconnector 30 and the second insulator 111 This is one aspect in which the chamfered portion is recessed with respect to the line connecting both ends of the chamfered portion (positioned on the interconnector 30 side from the line connecting both ends of the chamfered portion).
- the chamfer angles (angle A and angle B shown in FIG. 3, 90 degrees in the present embodiment) at both ends of the chamfered part are preferably 90 degrees or less. According to this, the interconnector 30 and the second insulator 112 can be reliably brought into contact with the anode 26.
- the covering layer 400 and the covering layer 410 may be formed as in the second embodiment.
- the region where the first insulator 110 and the interconnector 30 are removed is along the cutting lines C arranged every other line among the plurality of cutting lines C provided side by side, and each removal region is a cutting line.
- the width is such that C is the center line.
- the removal region of the first insulator 110 is formed so as to alternate with the removal region of the second insulator 112 with the interconnector 30 interposed therebetween.
- the laminated body 200 is cut along the cutting line C and separated into a bar-shaped composite material 210.
- a part of the composite material 210 is fitted into the groove 302 so that the stacking direction of the composite material 210 faces the surface direction of the base 300 such as a glass plate. Place on top.
- an electrolyte solution 310 containing an ion exchanger such as Nafion is applied between the pair of composite materials 210.
- an electrolyte solution 310 containing an ion exchanger such as Nafion is applied between the pair of composite materials 210.
- the electrolyte solution 310 is applied to the end surface S1 of the second insulator 112 or the stepped side surface S2 of the interconnector 30, the excess electrolyte solution 310 in these portions is used using a jig such as a knife. Remove.
- the electrolyte solution is dried to form the electrolyte membrane 22.
- the thickness of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes thinner than the thickness of the electrolyte solution 310 shown in FIG.
- a part of the composite material 210 protruding from the anode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes a part of the anode side protruding part 28.
- a part of the composite material 210 protruding from the cathode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 becomes a part of the cathode side protruding portion 38.
- an anode catalyst slurry is applied by spray coating so as to cover the anode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 and the anode-side protruding portion 28 to form the anode 26.
- the interconnector 30 exposed on one side surface of the anode-side protruding portion 28 and the anode 26 are connected.
- the cathode 24 is formed by applying a cathode catalyst slurry by spray coating so as to cover the cathode surface of the electrolyte membrane 22 and the cathode-side protruding portion 38.
- the interconnector 30 exposed on the other side surface of the cathode side protruding portion 38 and the cathode 24 are connected.
- the anode 26 formed on the top of the anode-side protrusion 28 is scraped off with a spatula or a blade, and a flat exposed surface is formed on the top of the anode-side protrusion 28.
- the cathode 24 formed on the top of the cathode side protrusion 38 is scraped off using a spatula or a blade to form a flat exposed surface on the top of the cathode side protrusion 38.
- the composite membrane 100 used for the fuel cell of Embodiment 5 is manufactured.
- the step surface S ⁇ b> 3 and the step side surface S ⁇ b> 2 are in contact with the anode 26 in the step of the interconnector 30 of the anode side protruding portion 28. For this reason, the area where the interconnector 30 and the anode 26 are in contact with each other can be increased as compared with the third embodiment. Further, the step surface S 6 and the step side surface S 5 are in contact with the cathode 24 at the step of the interconnector 30 of the cathode side protruding portion 38. For this reason, the area where the interconnector 30 and the cathode 24 are in contact with each other can be increased as compared with the third embodiment. As a result, the resistance between the interconnector 30 and each electrode can be reduced.
- an extra electrolyte solution can be removed without damaging a necessary portion of the electrolyte solution by sliding a jig such as a knife on the step side surface S2 using the step surface S3 as a guide. It can be easily removed.
- a composite membrane for a fuel cell in which cells are integrated can be easily produced without using laser processing for partitioning the cells. . Since laser processing is not used to partition the cells, ash is not generated by laser irradiation. For this reason, the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer can be kept clean.
- the interconnector 30 and the anode or cathode that should not be connected to the interconnector 30 are more reliably provided by the covering layer 400 and the covering layer 410.
- the interconnector 30 and the interconnector 30 should not be connected because the first insulator 110 and the second insulator 112 are interposed.
- the anode or the cathode can be more reliably electrically insulated.
- the protrusions are formed on both sides of the anode side and the cathode side, but the protrusions may be formed only on one side of the anode side or the cathode side.
- On the side where the protrusions are not formed for example, an area corresponding to each cell using a mask after forming substantially the same plane with each surface of the electrolyte membrane, the interconnector, and the insulator that insulates the electrolyte membrane and the interconnector. What is necessary is just to form a cathode or an anode so that it may be divided into.
- the present invention can be used for a fuel cell.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施の形態1に係る燃料電池の構成を示す分解斜視図である。図2は、図1のA-A’線に沿った断面図である。
実施の形態1に係る燃料電池の製造方法のうち、特に複合膜100の作製方法について、図4乃至図5を参照して説明する。
図6は、実施の形態2に係る燃料電池の構成を示す断面図である。本実施の形態の燃料電池10の基本的な構成は実施の形態1と同様であり、実施の形態1と同様な構成については説明を適宜省略する。
実施の形態2に係る燃料電池の製造方法のうち、特に複合膜100の作製方法について、図7乃至図8を参照して説明する。
図9は、実施の形態3に係る燃料電池の構成を示す断面図である。本実施の形態の燃料電池10の基本的な構成は実施の形態1と同様であり、実施の形態1と同様な構成については説明を適宜省略する。
実施の形態3に係る燃料電池の製造方法のうち、特に複合膜100の作製方法について、図10乃至図11を参照して説明する。
図12は、実施の形態4に係る燃料電池の構成を示す断面図である。本実施の形態の燃料電池10の基本的な構成は実施の形態1と同様であり、実施の形態1と同様な構成については説明を適宜省略する。
実施の形態4に係る燃料電池の製造方法のうち、特に複合膜100の作製方法について、図13乃至図14を参照して説明する。
図15は、実施の形態5に係る燃料電池の構成を示す断面図である。図16は、実施の形態5のアノード側突出部およびカソード側突出部の構造を示す要部拡大図である。本実施の形態の燃料電池10の基本的な構成は実施の形態3と同様であり、実施の形態3と同様な構成については説明を適宜省略する。
実施の形態3に係る燃料電池の製造方法のうち、特に複合膜100の作製方法について、図17乃至図18を参照して説明する。
Claims (9)
- 電解質膜と前記電解質膜の一方の面に設けられたアノードと前記電解質膜の他方の面に設けられたカソードとをそれぞれ含み、平面配列された複数の膜電極接合体と、
隣接する前記膜電極接合体の間において、前記電解質膜の両主面にそれぞれ前記アノード、前記カソードが設けられている領域に位置する前記アノードまたは前記カソードの少なくとも一方の電極の表面に対して突出し、平坦な頂部面を持つ突出部と、
前記突出部の一方の膜電極接合体側の側面において当該膜電極接合体の前記電極と接触するように、隣接する前記膜電極接合体の間に形成されているインターコネクタと、
前記頂部面の一部をなすとともに、前記突出部において、前記インターコネクタと前記突出部の他方の膜電極接合体側の電極とを電気的に絶縁する絶縁体と、
を備えることを特徴とする燃料電池。 - 前記突出部の頂部に形成された面取り部分で、前記インターコネクタと前記電極が接触している請求項1に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記突出部の頂部面が一方の膜電極接合体から延在する電極の端面、インターコネクタの端面、絶縁体の端面および他方の膜電極接合体から延在する電極の端面がこの順で積層した積層面で形成されている請求項1または2に記載の燃料電池。
- 膜電極接合体の隣接方向に沿った断面において、前記面取り部分が、当該面取り部の両端を結ぶ線に対して凹部となっている請求項2または3に記載の燃料電池。
- 電解質膜と前記電解質膜の一方の面に設けられたアノードと前記電解質膜の他方の面に設けられたカソードとをそれぞれ含み、平面配列された複数の膜電極接合体と、
隣接する前記膜電極接合体の間において、前記電解質膜の両主面にそれぞれ前記アノード、前記カソードが設けられている領域に位置する前記アノードまたは前記カソードの少なくとも一方の電極の表面に対して突出し、平坦な頂部面を持つ突出部と、
前記突出部の一方の膜電極接合体側の側面において当該膜電極接合体の前記電極と接触するように、隣接する前記膜電極接合体の間に形成されているインターコネクタと、
前記突出部において、前記インターコネクタと前記突出部の他方の膜電極接合体側の電極とを電気的に絶縁する絶縁体と、
前記頂部面の一部をなし、前記インターコネクタと前記絶縁体を被覆する絶縁性の被覆層と、
を備えることを特徴とする燃料電池。 - 前記突出部の頂部面が一方の膜電極接合体から延在する電極の端面、前記被覆層および他方の膜電極接合体から延在する電極の端面がこの順で積層した積層面で形成されている請求項5に記載の燃料電池。
- インターコネクタの両側にそれぞれ絶縁体が積層され、積層面の角部において、前記インターコネクタが積層方向に露出した複合材を用意する工程と、
隣接する膜電極接合体の電解質膜の間に、積層方向が前記電解質膜の面方向と交差し、かつ、前記電解質膜の電極面に対して突出する突出部が形成されるように複合材を設置する工程と、
前記突出部およびこれを挟む電解質膜の上に電極を形成する工程と、
前記突出部の頂部を被覆する前記電極を除去する工程と、
を備える燃料電池の製造方法。 - 前記複合材を用意する工程において、インターコネクタの両側にそれぞれ絶縁体を積層した後、積層面の角部を前記積層面と交差する方向に面取りする請求項7に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記複合材は積層方向と交差する方向の端面を被覆する被覆層を備え、
前記電極を除去する工程において、前記突出部の頂部を被覆する前記電極および少なくとも一部の前記被覆層が除去される請求項7または8に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
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| US14/002,051 US9935327B2 (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2012-03-14 | Fuel cell and method for producing the same |
| JP2013504567A JP5865346B2 (ja) | 2011-03-14 | 2012-03-14 | 燃料電池および燃料電池の製造方法 |
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| JP6005635B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
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| TW201251188A (en) | 2012-12-16 |
| US20130337361A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
| JPWO2012124326A1 (ja) | 2014-07-17 |
| US9935327B2 (en) | 2018-04-03 |
| JP5865346B2 (ja) | 2016-02-17 |
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