WO2012141069A1 - ネマティック液晶組成物及びこれを用いた液晶表示素子 - Google Patents
ネマティック液晶組成物及びこれを用いた液晶表示素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012141069A1 WO2012141069A1 PCT/JP2012/059347 JP2012059347W WO2012141069A1 WO 2012141069 A1 WO2012141069 A1 WO 2012141069A1 JP 2012059347 W JP2012059347 W JP 2012059347W WO 2012141069 A1 WO2012141069 A1 WO 2012141069A1
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- C09K19/322—Compounds containing a naphthalene ring or a completely or partially hydrogenated naphthalene ring
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- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- C09K19/18—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds, e.g. tolans
- C09K2019/181—Ph-C≡C-Ph
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- C09K19/18—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds, e.g. tolans
- C09K2019/183—Ph-Ph-C≡C-Ph
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- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
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- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nematic liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) useful as an electro-optical liquid crystal display material, and a liquid crystal display device using the same.
- VA-LCD Vertical alignment type VA-LCD using a liquid crystal composition with negative dielectric anisotropy (negative ⁇ ) can express jet black and has excellent display quality and high contrast liquid crystal display. As a result, it is widely used in the market centering on LCD TVs. Recently, in addition to the active matrix drive system represented by liquid crystal televisions and the like, the adoption of VA-LCD is also increasing in the passive matrix drive system used as a display for in-vehicle and home appliance applications. In liquid crystal television applications, the gap between the glass substrates tends to be narrowed in order to achieve smooth moving image display performance, and the birefringence ( ⁇ n) of the liquid crystal material tends to increase.
- ⁇ n birefringence
- a liquid crystal composition having a negative ⁇ is required to have a large ⁇ n that is unprecedented in order to obtain a good contrast even in a high time-division drive with a large display capacity, and the voltage can be reduced. Therefore, a large absolute value of ⁇ has been required.
- Many liquid crystal compounds and liquid crystal compositions have been proposed as liquid crystal materials for VA-LCD, but in order to increase ⁇ n, it is necessary to increase the content of liquid crystal compounds having a large ⁇ n in the liquid crystal composition, In order to increase the absolute value of ⁇ , it is necessary to increase the content of liquid crystal compounds having a large absolute value of ⁇ in the liquid crystal composition. However, increasing the content of these compounds deteriorates the viscosity ( ⁇ ). The response speed will deteriorate.
- liquid crystal compositions in which ⁇ has a negative value and ⁇ n is large have been disclosed (Patent Documents 1 to 4).
- the liquid crystal composition described in Patent Document 1 contains a liquid crystal compound having a positive ⁇ , and the absolute value of ⁇ is small.
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Patent Documents 2 to 4 have a large absolute value of ⁇ , the value of ⁇ n is not sufficiently large, and ⁇ is also a large value.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition in which the increase in ⁇ n and the increase in ⁇ are suppressed, and a liquid crystal display device with improved response speed by using the liquid crystal composition. There is.
- R 11 and R 12 independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and these groups Independently of one another, are unsubstituted or have at least one halogen group as a substituent, and one or more of —CH 2 — present in these groups are each independently And oxygen atoms may not be directly bonded to each other, and may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCO—O—, A 11 and A 12 are independent of each other, (A) trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group (the one present in the group -CH 2 - or nonadjacent two or more -CH 2 - is -O- and / or -S- May be replaced) (B) 1,4-phenylene group (one —CH ⁇ or two or more non-adjacent
- Z 11 and Z 12 are independently of each other —COO—, —OCO—, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, — (CH 2 ) 4 —, —CH ⁇ CH—CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH— or a single bond, a 11 and a 12 each represents 0 or 1 independently of each other. )
- R 21 , R 22 , R 31 and R 32 are independently of each other an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. These groups are, independently of one another, unsubstituted or have at least one halogen group as a substituent, and one or more — CH 2 — may independently be replaced by —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCO—O— as those in which oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other, A 21 , A 22 , A 23 , A 31 , A 32 and A 33 are independent of each other, (A) trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group (the one present in the group -CH 2 - or nonadjacent two or more -CH 2 - is -O- and / or -S- May be replaced) (B) 1,4-phenylene
- Z 21 , Z 22 , Z 23 , Z 31 , Z 32 and Z 33 are independently of each other —COO—, —OCO—, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CF 2 O—, —OCF. 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, — (CH 2 ) 4 —, —CH ⁇ CH—CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH -Or represents a single bond, a 21 , a 22 , a 31 and a 32 represent 0 or 1 independently of each other.
- the liquid crystal composition containing one or two or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formula (1) and a liquid crystal display device comprising the liquid crystal composition as a constituent member.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is characterized in that ⁇ n is large, ⁇ is negative, and its absolute value is large.
- ⁇ is low, excellent liquid crystallinity, and exhibits a stable liquid crystal phase over a wide temperature range. Furthermore, since it is chemically stable against heat, light, water, etc., it is a practical and reliable liquid crystal composition that can be driven at a low voltage.
- R 11 and R 12 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a carbon atom Represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms Group or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is preferred, and a straight chain is preferred.
- a 11 represents 0 or 1, but 0 is preferable when importance is attached to high-speed response, 1 is preferable when importance is attached to the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase, and 1 is also preferable when importance is placed on increasing ⁇ n. .
- a 11 and A 12 are independent of each other
- one or more hydrogen atoms present on the benzene ring may be substituted with a halogen, preferably a 1,4-phenylene group or a 1,4-cyclohexylene group.
- the 4-phenylene group may be substituted by one or more fluorine atoms.
- a 11 is more preferably a 1,4-cyclohexylene group when viscosity is important when present, and
- a 12 is more preferably a 1,4-phenylene group when importance is attached to refractive index anisotropy.
- the compound represented by the general formula (I) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (I-1) to (I-3).
- R 11 has the same meaning as R 11 in the general formula (I)
- R 12 represents the same meaning as R 12 in the general formula (I).
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (II-1) and (II-2) as the second component only one compound or two or more compounds represented by the general formula (II-1) may be used.
- One or more compounds represented by general formula (II-2) may be used alone, or one or more compounds represented by general formula (II-1) may be used.
- One or a mixture of two or more compounds represented by formula (II-2) may be used.
- R 21 , R 22 , R 31 and R 32 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, the number of carbon atoms Represents an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms An alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms is preferable, and a straight chain is preferable.
- a 21 , a 22 , a 31 and a 32 independently represent 0 or 1, but a 21 + a 22 is preferably 0 or 1, and 0 is preferable when high-speed response is important, and the upper limit of the nematic phase 1 is preferable when importance is attached to temperature, 0 or 1 is preferable for a 31 + a 32 , 0 is preferable when importance is attached to high-speed response, and 1 is preferable when importance is placed on the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase.
- Z 21 , Z 22 , Z 31 and Z 32 are each independently a single bond, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 —. A single bond, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 — is preferred.
- a 21 , A 22 , A 23 , A 31 , A 32 and A 33 are independent of each other.
- One or two or more hydrogen atoms present on the benzene ring may be substituted with halogen, but a 1,4-phenylene group or a 1,4-cyclohexylene group is preferable,
- the 1,4-phenylene group may be substituted with one or more fluorine atoms.
- a 1,4-cyclohexylene group is preferred when viscosity is important.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (II) and (III) are preferably compounds represented by the following general formulas (II-1) to (III-3).
- R 21 has the same meaning as R 21 in the general formula (II)
- R 22 has the same meaning as R 22 in the general formula (II)
- R 32 represents the same meaning as R 32 in the general formula (III).
- R 21 is preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group
- R 22 is preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group
- the general formula (II-1) R 21 is preferably an alkenyl group
- R 22 is preferably an alkyl group
- R 21 is preferably an alkenyl group
- R 22 is an alkyl group
- R 21 is preferably an alkenyl group
- R 22 is an alkyl group.
- R 21 is preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group, and R 22 is preferably an alkoxy group or an alkenyloxy group, Further, in the compound represented by the general formula (II-2), R 21 is preferably an alkenyl group, R 22 is preferably an alkenyloxy group, In the compound represented by the general formula (I-1-4), R 21 is preferably an alkyl group, R 22 is preferably an alkoxy group, and in the compound represented by the general formula (II-5), R 21 is an alkyl group.
- R 22 is preferably an alkoxy group
- R 31 is preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group
- R 32 is an alkoxy group.
- an alkenyloxy group is preferable, R 31 is preferably an alkyl group, and R 32 is preferably an alkoxy group.
- At least one compound selected from the compounds represented by the general formulas (II) and (III) is used, but two or more are more preferable, and three or more are more preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (IV) as the third component is a compound having a ⁇ of around zero and may have an electron-withdrawing group in the molecule, but is preferably 2 or less, and 1 or less. Are preferred, and those not contained at all are more preferred.
- R 41 and R 42 are independently of each other an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the shape is preferred.
- a 41 , A 42 and A 43 are independent of each other.
- 1,4-phenylene group or a 1,4-cyclohexylene group may be substituted with one or more fluorine atoms or methyl groups.
- Z 41 and Z 42 are each independently a single bond, —C ⁇ C—, —C ⁇ NN—C—, —CH ⁇ CH—, —CF ⁇ CF—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 — represents —COO— or —OCO—, preferably a single bond, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —C ⁇ C—, —COO— or —OCO—, preferably a single bond or —C ⁇ C—. . a 41 represents 0, 1 or 2, with 0 or 1 being preferred. When a plurality of A 42 are present, they may be the same or different, and when a plurality of Z 42 are present, they may be the same or different.
- the compound represented by the general formula (IV) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (IV-1) to (IV-10).
- R 41 has the same meaning as R 41 in the general formula (IV)
- R 42 represents the same meaning as R 42 in the general formula (IV).
- the compound represented by the general formula (IV) is preferably contained in 1 to 10 kinds, particularly preferably 2 to 8 kinds, and the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by the general formula (IV). Is preferably 5% by mass, more preferably 10% by mass, still more preferably 20% by mass, particularly preferably 30% by mass, and the upper limit is preferably 80% by mass, 70 mass% is still more preferable, and 60 mass% is still more preferable.
- the nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (T ni ) is preferably 60 to 120 ° C., and the lower limit is more preferably 65 ° C. 70 ° C. is particularly preferred. As an upper limit, 90 degreeC is more preferable and 80 degreeC is especially preferable.
- ⁇ at 25 ° C. is preferably ⁇ 2.0 to ⁇ 6.0, more preferably ⁇ 2.5 to ⁇ 5.0, and particularly preferably ⁇ 2.5 to ⁇ 3.5. preferable.
- ⁇ n at 25 ° C. is preferably from 0.08 to 0.13, more preferably from 0.09 to 0.12.
- the viscosity at 20 ° C. is preferably 10 to 30 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 10 to 25 mPa ⁇ s, and particularly preferably 10 to 20 mPa ⁇ s.
- Tni is preferably 60 to 120 ° C. for consumer use, and the lower limit is more preferably 65 ° C., and particularly preferably 70 ° C.
- 90 degreeC is more preferable and 80 degreeC is especially preferable.
- the lower limit is more preferably 90 ° C, and particularly preferably 100 ° C.
- 115 degreeC is more preferable and 105 degreeC is especially preferable.
- ⁇ n at 25 ° C. is preferably 0.08 to 0.13 for low duty driving, but particularly preferably 0.08 to 0.11. Further, for high duty driving, it is preferably 0.13 to 0.20, but is particularly preferably 0.15 to 0.18.
- ⁇ at 25 ° C. is preferably ⁇ 2.0 to ⁇ 7.0, particularly preferably ⁇ 2.5 to ⁇ 5.5, at low duty driving.
- the viscosity at 20 ° C. is preferably 10 to 40 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 10 to 30 mPa ⁇ s, and particularly preferably 10 to 25 mPa ⁇ s.
- the nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention may contain a normal nematic liquid crystal, a smectic liquid crystal, a cholesteric liquid crystal, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a polymerizable monomer and the like in addition to the above-described compounds.
- the nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention is useful for a liquid crystal display element, useful for an active matrix driving liquid crystal display element and a passive matrix driving liquid crystal display element, and particularly useful for a passive matrix driving liquid crystal display element. Further, it can be used for a liquid crystal display element for VA mode, PSVA mode, IPS mode or ECB mode.
- T NI Nematic-isotropic transition temperature [° C] ⁇ n: Refractive index anisotropy (589nm, 25 °C) ⁇ : Dielectric anisotropy (1KHz, 25 °C) ⁇ : Bulk flow viscosity [mPa ⁇ s] (20 °C)
- Response speed Injection into a vertical alignment cell with gap of 3.5 ⁇ m and pretilt angle of 89 ° and measurement with 5V 100Hz rectangular wave
- ⁇ on Time until the transmittance changes from 0% to 90% [ms] ⁇ off: Transmittance 100% ⁇ Time until the transmittance changes to 10% [ms]
- Side chain abbreviations using the following abbreviations in the compound descriptions in the examples are shown below.
- Examples 1 and 2 Examples of nematic liquid crystal compositions and measurement results of physical properties are shown below (Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1).
- Examples 1 and 2 are liquid crystal compositions containing compounds represented by general formula (I) and general formula (II-1), and Comparative Example 1 is represented by general formula (I) included in Example 1.
- the viscosity of Example 1 slightly increased compared to Comparative Example 1, the absolute value of ⁇ is large.
- Example 3 and 4 are liquid crystal compositions containing compounds represented by the general formulas (I), (II-1) and (II-2), and Comparative Example 2 is a general formula ( A liquid crystal composition in which the compound represented by I) is replaced with a tolan derivative (3-Ph-T-Ph-O2 or the like) in which no fluorine atom is substituted. Similar to Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1, it was found that the viscosity was significantly reduced.
- Examples 5 and 6 are liquid crystal compositions containing the compounds represented by the general formulas (I) and (II-1), and Comparative Example 1 is represented by the general formula (II-1) included in Example 1.
- This is a liquid crystal composition in which the compound obtained is replaced with a compound having no linking group in the molecule (3-Cy-Ph5-O2 or the like).
- the viscosity of Example 5 is slightly increased compared to Comparative Example 3, the absolute value of ⁇ is large.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (II-1) is reduced, and a so-called viscosity reducer (although the absolute value of ⁇ is low, the viscosity of the liquid crystal composition can be reduced by addition). Even if the content is increased, it becomes possible to prepare a liquid crystal composition showing a value comparable to ⁇ of Comparative Example 1.
- the liquid crystal composition shown in Example 6 was able to greatly reduce the viscosity as compared with Comparative Example 1.
- Examples 7 and 8 are liquid crystal compositions containing the compounds represented by the general formulas (I) and (II-1), and Comparative Example 4 is represented by the general formula (II-1) included in Example 7.
- This is a liquid crystal composition in which the compound obtained is replaced with a compound having no linking group in the molecule (3-Cy-Ph5-O2 or the like). Similar to Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Example 3, it was found that the viscosity was significantly reduced.
- Examples 9 and 10 are liquid crystal compositions containing the compounds represented by the general formulas (I) and (II-2), and Comparative Example 5 is represented by the general formula (I) included in Example 9.
- a compound having a linking group in its molecule (a compound represented by the general formula (II-2)) is substituted with a tolan derivative (3-Ph-T-Ph-O2 etc.) in which the fluorine atom is not substituted. 3-Cy-Ph5-O2 etc.).
- the viscosity of Example 9 is higher than that of Comparative Example 5, the absolute value of ⁇ is greatly increased.
- Examples 11 and 12 are liquid crystal compositions containing the compounds represented by the general formulas (I) and (II-1), and Comparative Example 6 is represented by the general formula (II-1) included in Example 11.
- a liquid crystal composition in which the compound obtained is replaced with a compound having no linking group in the molecule such as 2-Cy-Cy-Ph5-O2. Similar to Examples 9 and 10 and Comparative Example 5, it was found that the viscosity was significantly reduced.
- Example 13 is a liquid crystal composition containing the compounds represented by general formula (I), general formula (II-1) and general formula (II-2), and Comparative Example 7 is a general liquid crystal composition included in Example 13.
- T NI , ⁇ n, and ⁇ are aligned.
- Example 13 it was found that the viscosity was greatly improved.
- Example 14 is a liquid crystal composition containing the compounds represented by general formula (I), general formula (II-1) and general formula (II-2), and Comparative Example 8 is a general liquid crystal composition included in Example 14.
- T NI , ⁇ n, and ⁇ are aligned.
- Example 14 it was found that the viscosity was greatly improved.
- Example 15 is a liquid crystal composition having a low ⁇ n of 0.089
- Example 16 is a liquid crystal composition having a high ⁇ n of 0.200.
- the absolute value of ⁇ was as large as 5.9 to 5.6, and a liquid crystal composition having a large absolute value of ⁇ capable of lowering the voltage in a wide ⁇ n range could be prepared. It was found that the liquid crystal composition of the present invention can adjust ⁇ n and ⁇ in accordance with various required characteristics, and can realize low viscosity.
- Examples 17 to 19 T NI is as high as 104 ° C., [Delta] n and ⁇ also a liquid crystal composition set higher, respectively. Usually, it is difficult to obtain a liquid crystal composition satisfying such required characteristics, but the present invention has made it possible to suppress the increase in viscosity.
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Abstract
Description
A11及びA12は互いに独立して、
(a) トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-及び/又は-S-に置き換えられてもよい)
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=基は-N=に置き換えられてもよい)
(c) 1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、1,4-ビシクロ(2.2.2)オクチレン、ピペリジン-1,4-ジイル、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、デカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル及び1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル
からなる群より選ばれる基を表すが、上記の基(a)、基(b)及び基(c)上の水素原子は互いに独立して炭素原子数1~3のアルキル基、炭素原子数2~3のアルケニル基、炭素原子数1~3のアルコキシル、炭素原子数1~3のアルケニルオキシ基、CN又はハロゲンで置換されていてもよく、
Z11及びZ12は互いに独立して、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-(CH2)4-、-CH=CH-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-CH=CH-又は単結合を表し、
a11及びa12は互いに独立して0又は1を表す。)で表される化合物から選ばれる1種類又は2種類以上の化合物及び第二成分として一般式(II)及び(III)
A21、A22、A23、A31、A32及びA33は互いに独立して、
(a) トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-及び/又は-S-に置き換えられてもよい)
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=基は-N=に置き換えられてもよい)
(c) 1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、1,4-ビシクロ(2.2.2)オクチレン、ピペリジン-1,4-ジイル、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、デカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル及び1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル
からなる群より選ばれる基を表すが、上記の基(a)、基(b)及び基(c)上の水素原子は互いに独立して炭素原子数1~3のアルキル基、炭素原子数2~3のアルケニル基、炭素原子数1~3のアルコキシル、炭素原子数1~3のアルケニルオキシ基、CN又はハロゲンで置換されていてもよく、
Z21、Z22、Z23、Z31、Z32及びZ33は互いに独立して、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-(CH2)4-、-CH=CH-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-CH=CH-又は単結合を表し、
a21、a22、a31及びa32は互いに独立して0又は1を表す。)で表される化合物からなる群から選ばれる1種類又は2種類以上の化合物を含有する液晶組成物および当該液晶組成物を構成部材とする液晶表示素子を提供する。
第二成分である一般式(II-1)及び(II-2)で表される化合物は、一般式(II-1)で表される化合物のみを1種又は2種以上使用してもよいし、一般式(II-2)で表される化合物のみを1種又は2種以上使用してもよいし、一般式(II-1)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上及び一般式(II-2)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上混合して使用してもよい。
更に、一般式(II-1)及び(II-3)で表される化合物においてR21はアルキル基又はアルケニル基が好ましく、R22はアルキル基又はアルケニル基が好ましく、更に一般式(II-1)で表される化合物においてR21はアルケニル基が好ましく、R22はアルキル基が好ましく、一般式(II-3)で表される化合物においてR21はアルケニル基が好ましく、R22はアルキル基が好ましく、一般式(II-2)、(II-4)及び(II-5)で表される化合物においてR21はアルキル基又はアルケニル基が好ましく、R22はアルキコキシ基又はアルケニルオキシ基が好ましく、更に一般式(II-2)で表される化合物においてR21はアルケニル基が好ましく、R22はアルケニルオキシ基が好ましく、一般式(I-1-4)で表される化合物においてR21はアルキル基が好ましく、R22はアルキコキシ基が好ましく、一般式(II-5)で表される化合物においてR21はアルキル基が好ましく、R22はアルキコキシ基が好ましく一般式(III-1)、(III-2)及び(III-3)で表される化合物においてR31はアルキル基又はアルケニル基が好ましく、R32はアルキコキシ基又はアルケニルオキシ基が好ましく、更にR31はアルキル基が好ましく、R32はアルキコキシ基が好ましい。
一般式(IV)で表される化合物は1種~10種含有することが好ましく、2種~8種含有することが特に好ましく、一般式(IV)で表される化合物の含有率の下限値は5質量%であることが好ましく、10質量%であることがより好ましく、20質量%であることが更に好ましく、30質量%であることが特に好ましく、上限値としては80質量%が好ましく、70質量%が更に好ましく、60質量%が更に好ましい。
TNI : ネマティック-アイソトロピック転移温度 [℃]
Δn : 屈折率異方性 (589nm, 25℃)
Δε : 誘電率異方性(1KHz, 25℃)
η : バルクフロー粘度 [mPa・s] (20℃)
応答速度 : ギャップ3.5μm、プレチルト角89°の垂直配向セルに注入し5V 100Hz矩形波にて測定
τon : 透過率0% ⇒ 透過率90%に変化するまでの時間 [ms]
τoff : 透過率100% ⇒ 透過率10%に変化するまでの時間 [ms]
実施例中の化合物記載に下記略号を使用する
側鎖略号を以下に示す
-n(数字) : -CnH2n+1(アルキル側鎖は数字、代表するときはRとする。)
-On : -OCnH2n+1
-ndm : -(CnH2n+1-C=C-(CH2)m-1)
ndm- : CnH2n+1-C=C-(CH2)m-1-
-nOm : -(CH2)nOCmH2m+1
nOm- : CnH2n+1O(CH2)m-
-Od(m)n:-O(CnH2n+1-C=C-(CH2)m-2)
d(m)nO- : CnH2n+1-C=C-(CH2)m-2O-
連結基略号を以下に示す
-V- : -CO-
-VO- : -COO- (-E-も可とする)
-OV- : -OCO-
-1N- : -C=N-
-N1- : -N=C-
-T- : -C≡C-
-2- : -CH2CH2-
-3- : -CH2CH2CH2-
-4- : -CH2CH2CH2CH2-
-1O- : -CH2-O-
-O1- : -O-CH2-
-Z- : -CH=N-N=CH-
-G- : -CF=CF-
-D- : -CH=CH-
-2D- : -CH2CH2CH=CH-
-D2- : -CH=CHCH2CH2-
置換基略号を以下に示す
-CN : -C≡N
-F : -F
-Cl : -Cl
OCFFF : OCF3
CFFF : CF3
OCFF : OCHF2
O1CFFF : OCH2CF3
環略号を以下に示す
以下にネマティック液晶組成例と物性値の測定結果を示す
(実施例1、2及び比較例1)
実施例1及び2は一般式(I)及び一般式(II-1)で表される化合物を含有する液晶組成物であり、比較例1は実施例1に含まれる一般式(I)で表される化合物をフッ素原子が置換していないトラン誘導体(3-Ph-T-Ph-O2等)に置き換えた液晶組成物である。比較例1に対し実施例1は粘度がわずかに上昇しているものの、Δεの絶対値は大きくなっている。このため、一般式(II-1)で表される化合物の含有量を減少させ、所謂減粘剤(Δεの絶対値は低いものの、添加により液晶組成物の粘度を低下させることが可能)の含有量を増加させても比較例1のΔεと同程度の値を示す液晶組成物を調製する可能となる。この実施例2に示す液晶組成物は比較例1と比較して大幅に粘性を低下させることが出来た。
実施例3及び4は一般式(I)、(II-1)及び(II-2)で表される化合物を含有する液晶組成物であり、比較例2は実施例3に含まれる一般式(I)で表される化合物をフッ素原子が置換していないトラン誘導体(3-Ph-T-Ph-O2等)に置き換えた液晶組成物である。実施例1、2及び比較例1と同様に大幅に粘性を低下させることがわかった。
実施例5及び6は一般式(I)及び(II-1)で表される化合物を含有する液晶組成物であり、比較例1は実施例1に含まれる一般式(II-1)で表される化合物を分子内に連結基を有していない化合物(3-Cy-Ph5-O2等)に置き換えた液晶組成物である。比較例3に対し実施例5は粘度がわずかに上昇しているものの、Δεの絶対値は大きくなっている。このため、一般式(II-1)で表される化合物の含有量を減少させ、所謂減粘剤(Δεの絶対値は低いものの、添加により液晶組成物の粘度を低下させることが可能)の含有量を増加させても比較例1のΔεと同程度の値を示す液晶組成物を調製する可能となる。この実施例6に示す液晶組成物は比較例1と比較して大幅に粘性を低下させることが出来た。
実施例7及び8は一般式(I)及び(II-1)で表される化合物を含有する液晶組成物であり、比較例4は実施例7に含まれる一般式(II-1)で表される化合物を分子内に連結基を有していない化合物(3-Cy-Ph5-O2等)に置き換えた液晶組成物である。実施例5、6及び比較例3と同様に大幅に粘性を低下させることがわかった。
実施例9及び10は一般式(I)、(II-2)で表される化合物を含有する液晶組成物であり、比較例5は実施例9に含まれる一般式(I)で表される化合物をフッ素原子が置換していないトラン誘導体(3-Ph-T-Ph-O2等)に、一般式(II-2)で表される化合物を分子内に連結基を有していない化合物(3-Cy-Ph5-O2等)に置き換えた液晶組成物である。比較例5に対し実施例9は粘度が上昇しているものの、Δεの絶対値は大幅に大きくなっている。このため、一般式(I)及び(II-2)で表される化合物の含有量を減少させ、所謂減粘剤(Δεの絶対値は低いものの、添加により液晶組成物の粘度を低下させることが可能)の含有量を増加させても、実施例10に示す液晶組成物のように、比較例1よりもΔεの絶対値が大きく、大幅に低粘性の液晶組成物を調製できることがわかった。
実施例11及び12は一般式(I)及び(II-1)で表される化合物を含有する液晶組成物であり、比較例6は実施例11に含まれる一般式(II-1)で表される化合物を分子内に連結基を有していない化合物(2-Cy-Cy-Ph5-O2等)に置き換えた液晶組成物である。実施例9、10及び比較例5と同様に大幅に粘性を低下させることがわかった。
実施例13は一般式(I)、一般式(II-1)及び一般式(II-2)で表される化合物を含有する液晶組成物であり、比較例7は実施例13に含まれる一般式(I)で表される化合物をフッ素原子が置換していないトラン誘導体(3-Ph-T-Ph-1等)に置き換えた液晶組成物であり、TNI、Δn及びΔεを揃えている。実施例13は粘性が大きく改善していることがわかった。
実施例14は一般式(I)、一般式(II-1)及び一般式(II-2)で表される化合物を含有する液晶組成物であり、比較例8は実施例14に含まれる一般式(I)で表される化合物をフッ素原子が置換していないトラン誘導体(3-Ph-T-Ph-1等)に置き換えた液晶組成物であり、TNI、Δn及びΔεを揃えている。実施例14は粘性が大きく改善していることがわかった。
実施例15はΔnを0.089と低くした液晶組成物であり、実施例16はΔnを0.200と高く設定した液晶組成物である。またΔεの絶対値は5.9~5.6と大きく、広いΔnの範囲で低電圧化が可能なΔεの絶対値が大きな液晶組成物を調製できた。本願発明の液晶組成物はさまざまな要求特性に合わせ、Δn及びΔεを調整でき、更に低粘性を実現できることがわかった。
実施例17~19はTNIが104℃と高く、Δn及びΔεもそれぞれ高く設定した液晶組成物である。通常このような要求特性を満たす液晶組成物を得る事は難しいが、本願発明はこれを可能とし、更に粘性の上昇も抑えることが出来た。
Claims (18)
- 第一成分として一般式(I)
(式中、R11及びR12は互いに独立して、炭素原子数1~8のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~8のアルコキシ基又は炭素原子数2~8のアルケニル基を表し、これらの基は互いに独立して、非置換であるか、あるいは置換基として少なくとも1個のハロゲン基を有しており、そしてこれらの基中に存在する1個又は2個以上の-CH2-はそれぞれ独立して酸素原子が相互に直接結合しないものとして-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCO-O-により置き換えられても良く、
A11及びA12は互いに独立して、
(a) トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-及び/又は-S-に置き換えられてもよい)
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=基は-N=に置き換えられてもよい)
(c) 1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、1,4-ビシクロ(2.2.2)オクチレン、ピペリジン-1,4-ジイル、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、デカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル及び1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル
からなる群より選ばれる基を表すが、上記の基(a)、基(b)及び基(c)上の水素原子は互いに独立して炭素原子数1~3のアルキル基、炭素原子数2~3のアルケニル基、炭素原子数1~3のアルコキシル、炭素原子数1~3のアルケニルオキシ基、CN又はハロゲンで置換されていてもよく、
Z11及びZ12は互いに独立して、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-(CH2)4-、-CH=CH-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-CH=CH-又は単結合を表し、
a11及びa12は互いに独立して0又は1を表す。)で表される化合物から選ばれる1種類又は2種類以上の化合物及び第二成分として一般式(II)及び(III)
(式中、R21、R22、R31及びR32は互いに独立して、炭素原子数1~8のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~8のアルコキシ基又は炭素原子数2~8のアルケニル基を表し、これらの基は互いに独立して、非置換であるか、あるいは置換基として少なくとも1個のハロゲン基を有しており、そしてこれらの基中に存在する1個又は2個以上の-CH2-はそれぞれ独立して酸素原子が相互に直接結合しないものとして-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCO-O-により置き換えられても良く、
A21、A22、A23、A31、A32及びA33は互いに独立して、
(a) トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-及び/又は-S-に置き換えられてもよい)
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=基は-N=に置き換えられてもよい)
(c) 1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、1,4-ビシクロ(2.2.2)オクチレン、ピペリジン-1,4-ジイル、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、デカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル及び1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル
からなる群より選ばれる基を表すが、上記の基(a)、基(b)及び基(c)上の水素原子は互いに独立して炭素原子数1~3のアルキル基、炭素原子数2~3のアルケニル基、炭素原子数1~3のアルコキシル、炭素原子数1~3のアルケニルオキシ基、CN又はハロゲンで置換されていてもよく、
Z21、Z22、Z23、Z31、Z32及びZ33は互いに独立して、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-(CH2)4-、-CH=CH-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-CH=CH-又は単結合を表し、
a21、a22、a31及びa32は互いに独立して0又は1を表す。)で表される化合物からなる群から選ばれる1種類又は2種類以上の化合物を含有する液晶組成物。 - 第三成分として一般式(IV)
(式中、R41及びR42は互いに独立して、炭素原子数1~8のアルキル基、炭素原子数1~8のアルコキシ基又は炭素原子数2~8のアルケニル基を表し、これらの基は互いに独立して、非置換であるか、あるいは置換基として少なくとも1個のハロゲン基を有しており、そしてこれらの基中に存在する1個又は2個以上の-CH2-はそれぞれ独立して酸素原子が相互に直接結合しないものとして-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCO-O-により置き換えられても良く、
A41、A42及びA43は互いに独立して、
(a) トランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-及び/又は-S-に置き換えられてもよい)
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=基は-N=に置き換えられてもよい)
(c) 1,4-シクロヘキセニレン、1,4-ビシクロ(2.2.2)オクチレン、ピペリジン-1,4-ジイル、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、デカヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル及び1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル
からなる群より選ばれる基を表すが、上記の基(a)、基(b)及び基(c)上の水素原子は互いに独立して炭素原子数1~3のアルキル基、炭素原子数2~3のアルケニル基、炭素原子数1~3のアルコキシル、炭素原子数1~3のアルケニルオキシ基、CN又はハロゲンで置換されていてもよいが、A41、A42及びA43は2,3-ジハロ-1,4-フェニレン基を表すことはなく、
Z41及びZ42は互いに独立して、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2CH2-、-CH=N-N=CH-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-(CH2)4-、-CH=CH-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-CH=CH-又は単結合を表し、
a41は0、1又は2を表すが、a41が2を表す場合に2個存在するA42は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、a41が2を表す場合に2個存在するZ42は同一であっても異なっていてもよい。)で表される化合物から選ばれる1種類又は2種類以上の化合物を含有する請求項1記載の液晶組成物。 - 第二成分として一般式(II)で表される化合物から選ばれる1種類又は2種類以上の化合物を含有する請求項1又は2に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第二成分として一般式(III)で表される化合物から選ばれる1種類又は2種類以上の化合物を含有する請求項1又は2に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第二成分として、Z22が-CH2O-又は-CF2O-である一般式(II)で表される化合物を1種類又は2種類以上含有する請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第二成分として、A22が1,4-フェニレン基であり、Z22が単結合である一般式(II)で表される化合物を1種類又は2種類以上含有する請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第二成分として、Z32が-CH2O-又は-CF2O-である一般式(III)で表される化合物を1種類又は2種類以上含有する請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第二成分として、A22がトランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン基であり、Z22が単結合である一般式(II)で表される化合物を1種類又は2種類以上含有する請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第三成分として、a41が1であり、A41、A42及びA43が1,4-フェニレン基であり、Z41及びZ42が単結合である化合物を1種類又は2種類以上含有する請求項2~8のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第三成分として、a41が0であり、A41及びA43がトランス-1,4-シクロへキシレン基であり、かつZ41が単結合である化合物を1種類又は2種類以上含有する請求項2~9のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第三成分として、Z41が-CH=N-N=CH-である化合物を1種類又は2種類以上含有する請求項2~10のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第一成分及び第二成分の総量が10質量%から80質量%である請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。
- ネマティックアイソトロピック転移温度が70℃~120℃、誘電率異方性が-1.5~-8.0、複屈折率が0.080~0.250である請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 光重合性モノマーを500~5000ppm含有した請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 請求項1~14のいずれかに記載の液晶組成物を用いた液晶表示素子。
- プレチルト角が80°ないし90°であることを特徴とする請求項15記載の液晶表示素子。
- アクティブマトリクス駆動型であることを特徴とする請求項15又は16記載の液晶表示素子。
- パッシブマトリクス駆動型であることを特徴とする請求項15又は16記載の液晶表示素子。
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| US20150159087A1 (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2015-06-11 | Dic Corporation | Liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy, and liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal composition |
| JP2017071715A (ja) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-04-13 | Jnc株式会社 | 液晶表示装置および液晶組成物 |
| US10308873B2 (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2019-06-04 | Dic Corporation | Polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device using the same |
| WO2021253626A1 (zh) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-23 | 石家庄诚志永华显示材料有限公司 | 液晶组合物、液晶显示元件或液晶显示器 |
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| JP5163836B2 (ja) | 2013-03-13 |
| JPWO2012141069A1 (ja) | 2014-07-28 |
| CN103476904B (zh) | 2014-11-26 |
| KR101969811B1 (ko) | 2019-04-17 |
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