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WO2012140295A1 - Lifting cradle and stacker crane for transporting loads - Google Patents

Lifting cradle and stacker crane for transporting loads Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012140295A1
WO2012140295A1 PCT/ES2012/070229 ES2012070229W WO2012140295A1 WO 2012140295 A1 WO2012140295 A1 WO 2012140295A1 ES 2012070229 W ES2012070229 W ES 2012070229W WO 2012140295 A1 WO2012140295 A1 WO 2012140295A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lifting
axis
cradle
columns
vertical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2012/070229
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Albert FORÉS RÀFOLS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mecalux SA
Original Assignee
Mecalux SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mecalux SA filed Critical Mecalux SA
Publication of WO2012140295A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012140295A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
    • B65G1/02—Storage devices
    • B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/07—Floor-to-roof stacking devices, e.g. "stacker cranes", "retrievers"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/07—Floor-to-roof stacking devices, e.g. "stacker cranes", "retrievers"
    • B66F9/072—Travelling gear therefor

Definitions

  • the invention proposes the development of a lifting cradle intended to be installed in a two-column stacker crane and a stacker crane for transporting loads with a constructive configuration that improves the area of cargo space.
  • transelevator machines are well known, which are machines that perform functions of storage at height and along narrow aisles between rows of shelves, fully automatically and without an on-board operator, incorporating three axes of displacement corresponding to the translation axis X, elevation axis Y and extraction axis Z.
  • bicolumna A type of transelevador called bicolumna is that provided with two vertical columns through which a cradle moves, however, in practice a series of inconveniences have been detected.
  • a first drawback is the space occupied by the closet or electrical cabinets shipped in the lifting cradle that usually be important in relation to the space occupied by the load to be transported and therefore also in relation to the general space of the lifting cradle, significantly affecting the overall dimensioning of the machine, in particular, in regard to the length of the cradle and therefore the stacker.
  • the stacker cranes use an electric transmission by cable-carrier chain between the main boarding cabinet and the lifting cradle, said cable-chain requiring extra space in the lifting area between the two columns, which implies an elongation of the design of the cradle in the longitudinal direction of the translation aisle, and therefore, an increase in the total length of the translation aisle, and therefore an increase in the total length of the transelevator, directly affecting the necessary free length at the ends from the warehouse aisle.
  • Another inconvenience detected is that associated with the use of commercial pipes to form the vertical elevation columns, where the presence of dimensional irregularities in the section impairs the vertical guidance of the cradle due to the fact that continuous contact and pressure of the wheels is not obtained. guided on the walls of the tubes that form the columns.
  • Sizing of the lower frame is also required due to the fact that the main vertical loads acting on it, transmitted at the points of attachment of the lifting columns, are displaced from the support points that are the translation wheels, and also due to the need for its design to allow the lifting cradle to descend to the minimum possible height to be able to store boxes in a warehouse taking full advantage of the available physical height, lowering as much as possible from the ground level.
  • the present invention has been developed in order to provide a cradle for a stacker intended for transporting loads that solves the aforementioned inconveniences, also providing additional advantages that will be apparent from the description that follows.
  • a cradle for a stacker comprising a frame provided with a support structure suitable for supporting a load extracting device, in which the support structure has two cross members connected to each other. by its ends by two bars, and guiding means for the displacement of the support structure along columns provided in a stacker.
  • the invention is characterized by the fact that the guiding means have a pair of internally hollow housings, each of which is supported on a bar, in which interior drive and electric control means are provided for the activation of load-extracting devices attached to the crossbars, and a plurality of lifting guide wheels located on an outer side face of each of the housings that, in a cradle mounting condition in a stacker crane, travel along of the vertical columns present in the stacker.
  • two electrical cabinets are arranged, each being supported in a respective housing such that they protrude externally with respect to the loading surface defined by the two crossbars and the two bars, in which one of The electrical cabinets are connected by means of brush-type connections with an electrical power supply located in one of the columns of the stacker crane, and in which the guiding means are mounted on each of the bars.
  • the described configuration of the electrical cabinets allows a greater use of the vertical travel stroke and allows to reduce the distance between columns in a stacker crane, which means a smaller loss of space at the ends of the transfer aisles for the stacker crane in an installation of storage and, consequently, greater use horizontal storage space in such storage facility.
  • the guiding means include a mounting of vertical guide wheels on the X axis located in each of the housings, such that the axis of rotation of the vertical guide wheels on the Z axis is perpendicular to the axis of the wheels of guided in elevation in the X axis, being able to realize displacements of predetermined career in the X axis of floating form.
  • the assembly of vertical guide wheels on the X axis comprises a wheel, whose axis of rotation is mounted on a linearly and axially movable support block along at least one axis for carrying out a axial displacement of the wheel forward and backward, in which the axle includes elastic means.
  • the presence of these elastic means favors that the wheel is always in contact with the surface of the lifting column adapting to any possible irregularity presented in the surface on which the wheel slides.
  • This assembly solves the problem generated by the imperfections of the surface of the walls of the vertical columns, in terms of lack of flatness or parallelism.
  • said imperfections require the incorporation of mechanized or calibrated guides to ensure flatness and parallelism within predetermined values, so that the cost becomes more expensive.
  • the fact that the wheel is movable and provided with elastic means means that in sudden braking during the movement of a stacker crane, or in the case of impacts of a stacker crane against the end stops of aisles in a storage facility, Elastic means generate a small displacement of deceleration instead of an impact, so it reduces the damage to guide components and walls of the elevation columns.
  • the aforementioned elastic means comprise springs that abut at one end with a fixed surface on the shaft and at the opposite end butt with a housing made in the support block.
  • the vertical guide wheel assembly on the X axis includes a sheet on which the support block rests, which has a fold from which the axes provided with the elastic means stand out.
  • it can comprise guiding means for the displacement of the support block with respect to the sheet.
  • the crossbars of the cradle support structure have a plurality of aligned holes, which allow different types of extraction devices to be installed in the cradle without the need to physically modify it or make multiple adaptations to different extraction devices.
  • this stacker crane is characterized by the fact that the lower frame comprises an elongated body formed by two spaced and symmetrical profiles with respect to the X axis that are joined by an upper central plate, the vertical elevation columns being fixed on the elongated body, in such a way that the two profiles and the central plate form an inner housing through which the translation rail passes, each of the ends of such two profiles being coupled to translation heads that house the driving means, including in each of said translation heads at least one reinforcement bar between each translation head and a point in the lower area of the lift column closest to it fixed by fixing elements, the reinforcement bar having an inclined arrangement with respect to the horizontal plane.
  • this reinforcing bar improves the rigidity of the overall structure of the stacker crane, without having to use columns formed by composite profiles or with sections of variable size, as is currently done, to Increase the resistance of the lifting columns at its lower end, which is the point where it receives the greatest effort.
  • the previous configuration allows to reduce the distance between wheels of translation with respect to the current technique, in which the lower ends of the lifting columns are usually of greater section and therefore usually occupy more space on the lower frame, forcing to increase The wheelbase This saving of distance between wheels of translation translates in a smaller length of the set of the transelevador and in a better use of the useful space of the warehouse.
  • the fasteners consist of a plurality of fastener holes made at ends of the reinforcing bar through which fasteners pass.
  • Each of the two profiles that make up the elongated body of the lower frame has a substantially "C" shape, being folded along the length of each profile a bent sheet defining a hollow cavity between the inside face of the bent sheet and the outer face of the profile that allows the location of conduits and cables so that they are hidden and protected against possible shocks or damage.
  • the shape of the section of the lower frame, surrounding the translation lane on which the stacker is moving, allows it to be located at a spatially low level, thus allowing the cradle of the stacker to work at the lowest level possible and therefore take full advantage of the vertical storage space.
  • one of the columns longitudinally includes an outlet track from the lower to the upper end.
  • Figure 1. It is a perspective view of a stacker for the transport of cargo according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2. It is a perspective view of the upper section of the stacker crane that includes a lifting cradle in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 3. It is a front elevational view of a lower section of the stacker according to the invention.
  • Figure 4. It is a perspective view of the lower frame of the stacker represented in the previous figures in which the vertical columns have been removed for reasons of clarity;
  • Figure 5. It is a perspective view of a lifting cradle according to the present invention without the extraction device;
  • Figure 6 It is a side elevation view of the lifting cradle shown in Figure 5 where some parts have been removed;
  • Figure 7. It is a detailed perspective view of a vertical guide wheel assembly on the X axis to be mounted in the cradle;
  • Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the vertical guide wheel assembly on the X axis indicated by a circle in Figure 6;
  • Figure 9. It is a side elevation view of the lower frame of the lifting cradle
  • Figure 10. It is a cross-sectional view of the elongated body of the lower frame that is part of the stacker on a rail;
  • Figure 11.- It is a cross-sectional view seen from above of the guiding means for moving the cradle; Y
  • Figure 12.- It is a perspective view of a section of an automatic storage installation provided with the stacker according to the invention.
  • a stacker for the transport of loads, such as boxes or the like, indicated in general with reference (1), suitable for an automatic storage installation (see figure 12) that travels along a translation rail (2) located at ground level and is mainly provided with a lifting cradle (3) movable along two lifting columns (4) that are supported on a lower frame (5) and run parallel to each other.
  • the X axis corresponds to the translation axis, the Y axis to the elevation axis and the Z axis in which an extraction device associated with the lifting cradle (3) is moved in the horizontal plane.
  • the lower frame (5) mainly comprises an elongated body (9) formed by two profiles joined by an upper central plate on which the vertical columns (4) are fixed, each of the ends of such two profiles being fixed coupled to translation heads (6) that house the translation wheels (7), and a gearmotor (8) associated with one of the wheels for actuation, as can be seen in Figure 3.
  • a pair of reinforcing bars (10) are included between each translation head (6) and a point in the lower area of the column (4) closest to it (see Figure 3) fixed by fixing elements,
  • the reinforcement bars (10) have an inclined arrangement with respect to the horizontal plane so that they provide greater structural rigidity thanks to their triangular geometry.
  • the fixing elements consist of a plurality of fixing holes made at the ends of the bars of reinforcement (10) through which fasteners (11) pass.
  • the elongated body (9) that composes the lower frame (5) is composed of two sheet profiles (51) substantially folded in the form of "C" and symmetrical with respect to the central axis of translation X, and being located on each side of the translation rail (2); an upper central plate (52) joining the previous profiles (51) and which is located above the translation rail (2) and; two bent sheets (53), one associated with each sheet (51) that reinforce the profiles generating in turn a hollow conduit (54) through which the electrical wiring passes for the operation of the various parts of the stacker crane (1). All the previous profiles and plates are joined together by welding and together they form a composite section with sufficient stiffness and resistance to withstand the necessary efforts and at the same time achieve a location of the set with respect to the ground level as low as possible.
  • the vertical lifting columns (4) are basically formed by two hollow profiles of rectangular tube of standard type, that is commercially available, which perform the guiding function in the elevation of the lifting cradle thanks to the contact of the elevation guide wheels on the X and Z axes (12, 13) with walls of such profiles.
  • One of the lifting columns (4) incorporates an electrical outlet rail (14), formed by multiple tracks, to carry out the electrical transmission from the main electrical cabinet (15) fixed on one side of the column (4) provided with the rail (14) to the lifting cradle (3) at any point of its vertical displacement .
  • the lifting columns (4) also serve as a fixing base for the lifting drive group and the main electrical cabinet, as described above. As it is a commercial profile, its design and cost are simplified, the section of the profile being uniform along its entire length.
  • a structural connecting element (34) is provided between the upper ends of the two lifting columns, in which accessory elements for the lifting system, such as the pulleys, are incorporated (16) intended for guiding a lifting cable attachable to the lifting cradle (3) and the upper guide wheels in translation (17).
  • the lifting cradle (3) comprises a frame provided with a support structure suitable for supporting a load extracting device that acts on the Z axis (see Figure 2), indicated generally with the reference (40) and which will not go into greater detail in its description to be of known type.
  • the support structure has two crossbars (31) joined together at their ends by two bars (32), and guiding means for moving the support structure to the length of columns provided in the stacker (1) described below.
  • the crossbars (31) have a plurality of longitudinally aligned through holes (41) used to fix the aforementioned extraction device (40).
  • Two electrical cabinets (18) are arranged, each of which is supported in a respective housing (20) in such a way that they protrude externally from the load surface defined by the two crossbars (31) and the two bars (32), wherein one of the electrical cabinets (18) is connected by means of brush type connections (19) with the electrical outlet rail (14), so that the brushes are at all times in contact with said electrical outlet rail of current (14). Mention that the guiding means are mounted on each of the bars (32) as will be described later.
  • the guiding means have a pair of internally hollow and closable housings (20) by means of two side covers (201), each of the housings being on each bar (32), in which interior drive and control means are provided electric for the load extraction device, and the four vertical guide wheels on the Z axis (12) in elevation located on an outer side face of the housing (20) which, in a mounting condition of the lifting cradle ( 3), they slide along the two side walls of the vertical columns (4).
  • the housings (20) and electrical cabinets (18) located in the lifting cradle (3) are also intended to contain electrical and electronic control elements, with the peculiarity that instead of using a single cabinet of greater volume, such as In the prior art, the two housings (20) and the two cabinets (18) of smaller dimensions that are located in such a way that the free space next to the two lifting columns (4) is used is used.
  • the guide means of the lifting cradle (3) include a pair of vertical guide wheel assemblies on the X axis (21) located in the housings (20), each associated with a vertical lifting column (4), where the axis of rotation of the vertical guide wheels on the X axis is perpendicular to the axis of the elevation guide wheels on the Z axis.
  • the axis of rotation (22) of the wheel (13) is mounted on a support block (23), made for example of plastic material and with a substantially shaped shape.
  • "U” which can slide linearly along a pair of elongated axes (24) that pass through respective through holes (25) made in the support block (23), which allow to carry out an axial movement of forward and reverse of the support block and therefore of the wheel (13).
  • the shaft (24) includes a helical spring (26) that stops at one end with a fixed surface (27) on the shaft and at the opposite end stops at a practiced housing in the support block (23), so that the wheel (13) exerts a continuous pressure against the wall of the lifting column (4).
  • an "L” shaped sheet (28) is provided fixed on the bar (32) on which the support block (23) rests and the two axes (24) are attached.
  • the mounting of vertical guide wheels on the X axis has guiding means to guide the movement of the support block (23) with respect to the "L" shaped sheet (28) consisting essentially of two guides ( 29) located on the "L” shaped sheet (28) that are fixed with hardware elements (30).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a lifting cradle (3) for a stacker crane, comprising a frame provided with a support structure suitable for supporting load-extraction devices (40). According to the invention, the support structure comprises: two cross-pieces (31) joined to one another at the ends thereof by two bars (32); and guide means for moving the support structure along the length of two columns forming part of a stacker crane (1). The aforementioned guide means include: a pair of casings, each supported by a bar, containing electric control and actuation means for activating the load-extraction devices that are joined to the cross-pieces (31); and a plurality of elevation-guiding wheels which are provided on an outer side of each casing and which, when the cradle is mounted on a stacker crane, move along the length of the vertical columns (4).

Description

Cuna de elevación y transelevador para el transporte de cargas  Lifting cradle and stacker crane for transporting loads

MEMORIA DESCRIPTIVA OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN  DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

La presente solicitud de patente de invención tiene por objeto el registro de una cuna de elevación y transelevador para el transporte de cargas que incorpora notables innovaciones y ventajas .  The purpose of this invention patent application is to register a lifting cradle and stacker for the transport of loads that incorporates notable innovations and advantages.

Más concretamente, la invención propone el desarrollo de una cuna de elevación destinada ser instalada en un transelevador de tipo bicolumna y un transelevador para el transporte de cargas con una configuración constructiva que permite mejorar el área de espacio de carga.  More specifically, the invention proposes the development of a lifting cradle intended to be installed in a two-column stacker crane and a stacker crane for transporting loads with a constructive configuration that improves the area of cargo space.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

En el campo técnico de los almacenes automáticos son bien conocidas las máquinas denominadas transelevadores, que son máquinas que realizan funciones de almacenaje en altura y a lo largo de pasillos estrechos entre filas de estanterías, de manera totalmente automática y sin operario abordo, incorporando tres ejes de desplazamiento que corresponden al eje de traslación X, eje de elevación Y y eje de extracción Z.  In the technical field of automatic warehouses, the so-called transelevator machines are well known, which are machines that perform functions of storage at height and along narrow aisles between rows of shelves, fully automatically and without an on-board operator, incorporating three axes of displacement corresponding to the translation axis X, elevation axis Y and extraction axis Z.

Un tipo de transelevador llamado bicolumna es aquel provisto de dos columnas verticales a través de las cuales se desplaza una cuna, no obstante, en la práctica se han detectado una serie de inconvenientes .  A type of transelevador called bicolumna is that provided with two vertical columns through which a cradle moves, however, in practice a series of inconveniences have been detected.

Un primer inconveniente es el espacio ocupado por el armario o armarios eléctricos embarcados en la cuna de elevación que suele ser importante en relación al espacio ocupado por la carga a transportar y por tanto también en relación al espacio general de la cuna de elevación, afectando de manera importante al dimensionado general de la máquina, en particular, en lo que se refiere a la longitud de la cuna y por consiguiente del transelevador . A first drawback is the space occupied by the closet or electrical cabinets shipped in the lifting cradle that usually be important in relation to the space occupied by the load to be transported and therefore also in relation to the general space of the lifting cradle, significantly affecting the overall dimensioning of the machine, in particular, in regard to the length of the cradle and therefore the stacker.

Habitualmente, los transelevadores emplean una transmisión eléctrica por cadena porta-cables entre el armario principal embarcado y la cuna de elevación, requiriendo dicha cadena porta- cables un espacio extra en la zona de elevación entre las dos columnas, lo cual implica un alargamiento del diseño de la cuna en la dirección longitudinal del pasillo de traslación, y por lo tanto, un incremento de la longitud total del pasillo de traslación, y por consiguiente un incremento de la longitud total del transelevador, afectando directamente a la longitud necesaria libre en los extremos del pasillo del almacén.  Usually, the stacker cranes use an electric transmission by cable-carrier chain between the main boarding cabinet and the lifting cradle, said cable-chain requiring extra space in the lifting area between the two columns, which implies an elongation of the design of the cradle in the longitudinal direction of the translation aisle, and therefore, an increase in the total length of the translation aisle, and therefore an increase in the total length of the transelevator, directly affecting the necessary free length at the ends from the warehouse aisle.

Otro inconveniente detectado es aquel asociado al uso de tubos comerciales para conformar las columnas de elevación verticales, donde la presencia de irregularidades dimensionales en la sección perjudican el guiado vertical de la cuna debido a que no se obtiene un contacto y presión continua de las ruedas de guiado sobre las paredes de los tubos que forman las columnas.  Another inconvenience detected is that associated with the use of commercial pipes to form the vertical elevation columns, where the presence of dimensional irregularities in the section impairs the vertical guidance of the cradle due to the fact that continuous contact and pressure of the wheels is not obtained. guided on the walls of the tubes that form the columns.

En los transelevadores conocidos se realiza un dimensionado importante de la unión del extremo inferior de las columnas de elevación con el bastidor inferior para conseguir una unión rígida que permita absorber los esfuerzos dinámicos originados por los desplazamientos de traslación del transelevador. Este aspecto supone una mayor aportación de material y por consiguiente, un incremento en los costes de fabricación. In the known stacker cranes an important dimensioning of the union of the lower end of the lifting columns with the lower frame is carried out to achieve a rigid joint that allows to absorb the dynamic forces caused by the transloader travel shifts. This aspect means a greater contribution of material and, consequently, an increase in manufacturing costs.

También es requerido un dimensionado del bastidor inferior debido al hecho de que las principales cargas verticales que actúan sobre el mismo, transmitidas en los puntos de unión de las columnas de elevación, están desplazadas de los puntos de apoyo que son las ruedas de traslación, y debido también a la necesidad de que su diseño permita que la cuna de elevación descienda a la mínima altura posible para poder almacenar cajas en un almacén aprovechando al máximo la altura física disponible, bajando lo más posible del nivel del suelo.  Sizing of the lower frame is also required due to the fact that the main vertical loads acting on it, transmitted at the points of attachment of the lifting columns, are displaced from the support points that are the translation wheels, and also due to the need for its design to allow the lifting cradle to descend to the minimum possible height to be able to store boxes in a warehouse taking full advantage of the available physical height, lowering as much as possible from the ground level.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN  DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

La presente invención se ha desarrollado con el fin de proporcionar una cuna para un transelevador destinado al transporte de cargas que resuelva los inconvenientes anteriormente mencionados, aportando, además, otras ventajas adicionales que serán evidentes a partir de la descripción que se acompaña a continuación .  The present invention has been developed in order to provide a cradle for a stacker intended for transporting loads that solves the aforementioned inconveniences, also providing additional advantages that will be apparent from the description that follows.

Es por lo tanto un objeto de la presente invención proporcionar una cuna para un transelevador, que comprende un bastidor provisto de una estructura de soporte adecuada para soportar un dispositivo de extracción de carga, en el que la estructura de soporte presenta dos travesaños unidos entre sí por sus extremos mediante dos barras, y medios de guiado para el desplazamiento de la estructura de soporte a lo largo de columnas proporcionadas en un transelevador. Más en particular, la invención se caracteriza por el hecho de que los medios de guiado presentan un par de carcasas interiormente huecas, estando cada una de ellas soportada sobre una barra, en cuyo interior están provistos medios de accionamiento y control eléctrico para la activación de dispositivos de extracción de carga unidos a los travesaños, y una pluralidad de ruedas de guiado en elevación situadas en una cara lateral exterior de cada una de las carcasa que, en una condición de montaje de la cuna en un transelevador, se desplazan a lo largo de las columnas verticales presentes en el transelevador . It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a cradle for a stacker, comprising a frame provided with a support structure suitable for supporting a load extracting device, in which the support structure has two cross members connected to each other. by its ends by two bars, and guiding means for the displacement of the support structure along columns provided in a stacker. More in particular, the invention is characterized by the fact that the guiding means have a pair of internally hollow housings, each of which is supported on a bar, in which interior drive and electric control means are provided for the activation of load-extracting devices attached to the crossbars, and a plurality of lifting guide wheels located on an outer side face of each of the housings that, in a cradle mounting condition in a stacker crane, travel along of the vertical columns present in the stacker.

Según otro aspecto de la invención, se disponen dos armarios eléctricos, estando cada uno de ellos soportado en una respectiva carcasa de tal modo que sobresalen exteriormente respecto a la superficie de carga definida por los dos travesaños y las dos barras, en el que uno de los armarios eléctricos está vinculado mediante conexiones de tipo escobilla con una fuente de alimentación eléctrica ubicada en una de las columnas del transelevador, y en el que los medios de guiado están montados en sobre cada una de las barras.  According to another aspect of the invention, two electrical cabinets are arranged, each being supported in a respective housing such that they protrude externally with respect to the loading surface defined by the two crossbars and the two bars, in which one of The electrical cabinets are connected by means of brush-type connections with an electrical power supply located in one of the columns of the stacker crane, and in which the guiding means are mounted on each of the bars.

La configuración descrita de los armarios eléctricos permite un mayor aprovechamiento de la carrera de desplazamiento vertical y permite reducir la distancia entre columnas en un transelevador, lo que supone una menor pérdida de espacio en los extremos de los pasillos de traslación para el transelevador en una instalación de almacenamiento y, por consiguiente, un mayor aprovechamiento horizontal del espacio de almacenaje en tal instalación de almacenamiento . The described configuration of the electrical cabinets allows a greater use of the vertical travel stroke and allows to reduce the distance between columns in a stacker crane, which means a smaller loss of space at the ends of the transfer aisles for the stacker crane in an installation of storage and, consequently, greater use horizontal storage space in such storage facility.

Preferentemente, los medios de guiado incluyen un montaje de ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje X ubicados en cada una de las carcasas, tal que el eje de giro de las ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje Z es perpendicular al eje de las ruedas de guiado en elevación en el eje X, pudiendo realizar desplazamientos de carrera predeterminada en el eje X de forma flotante.  Preferably, the guiding means include a mounting of vertical guide wheels on the X axis located in each of the housings, such that the axis of rotation of the vertical guide wheels on the Z axis is perpendicular to the axis of the wheels of guided in elevation in the X axis, being able to realize displacements of predetermined career in the X axis of floating form.

En una realización preferida de la invención, el montaje de ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje X comprende una rueda, cuyo eje de giro está montado en un bloque soporte desplazable lineal y axialmente a lo largo de al menos un eje para llevar a cabo un desplazamiento axial de avance y retroceso de la rueda, en el que el eje incluye unos medios elásticos. La presencia de estos medios elásticos favorece que la rueda esté siempre en contacto con la superficie de la columna de elevación adaptándose a cualquier posible irregularidad presentada en la superficie sobre la cual se desliza la rueda.  In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the assembly of vertical guide wheels on the X axis comprises a wheel, whose axis of rotation is mounted on a linearly and axially movable support block along at least one axis for carrying out a axial displacement of the wheel forward and backward, in which the axle includes elastic means. The presence of these elastic means favors that the wheel is always in contact with the surface of the lifting column adapting to any possible irregularity presented in the surface on which the wheel slides.

Este montaje resuelve el problema generado por las imperfecciones de la superficie de las paredes de las columnas verticales, en lo que se refiere a falta de planicidad o paralelismo. En la técnica actual dichas imperfecciones obligan a incorporar guias mecanizadas o calibradas para asegurar la planicidad y el paralelismo dentro de unos valores predeterminados, de modo que se encarece el coste. El hecho de que la rueda sea desplazable y provista de medios elásticos hace que en frenadas bruscas durante el movimiento de traslación de un transelevador, o en el caso de impactos de un transelevador contra los topes de final de pasillos en una instalación de almacenamiento, los medios elásticos generan un pequeño desplazamiento de desaceleración en lugar de un impacto, por lo que reduce el daño en componentes de guiado y paredes de las columnas de elevación. This assembly solves the problem generated by the imperfections of the surface of the walls of the vertical columns, in terms of lack of flatness or parallelism. In the current technique, said imperfections require the incorporation of mechanized or calibrated guides to ensure flatness and parallelism within predetermined values, so that the cost becomes more expensive. The fact that the wheel is movable and provided with elastic means means that in sudden braking during the movement of a stacker crane, or in the case of impacts of a stacker crane against the end stops of aisles in a storage facility, Elastic means generate a small displacement of deceleration instead of an impact, so it reduces the damage to guide components and walls of the elevation columns.

Preferentemente, los medios elásticos anteriormente citados comprenden muelles que hacen tope en un extremo con una superficie fija en el eje y en el extremo opuesto hace tope con un alojamiento practicado en el bloque soporte.  Preferably, the aforementioned elastic means comprise springs that abut at one end with a fixed surface on the shaft and at the opposite end butt with a housing made in the support block.

Según otro aspecto de la presente invención, el montaje de ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje X incluye una chapa sobre la que reposa el bloque de soporte, que tiene un pliegue del que sobresalen los ejes provistos de los medios elásticos.  According to another aspect of the present invention, the vertical guide wheel assembly on the X axis includes a sheet on which the support block rests, which has a fold from which the axes provided with the elastic means stand out.

Adicionalmente, puede comprender medios de guiado para el desplazamiento del bloque soporte con respecto a la chapa.  Additionally, it can comprise guiding means for the displacement of the support block with respect to the sheet.

Los travesaños de la estructura de soporte de la cuna presentan una pluralidad de taladros alineados, que permiten instalar diferentes tipos de dispositivos de extracción en la cuna sin necesidad de modificarla físicamente o realizar múltiples adaptaciones a distintos dispositivos de extracción.  The crossbars of the cradle support structure have a plurality of aligned holes, which allow different types of extraction devices to be installed in the cradle without the need to physically modify it or make multiple adaptations to different extraction devices.

Es también otro objeto de la invención proporcionar un transelevador para el transporte de cargas, que comprende dos columnas de elevación verticales susceptibles de desplazarse en un plano horizontal, entre las cuales se desplaza verticalmente una cuna de elevación destinada para el desplazamiento de un carga desde o hasta una casilla de almacenaje de una estantería, un bastidor inferior que soporta tales columnas de elevación verticales y está asociado a medios motrices para el desplazamiento horizontal del bastidor inferior a lo largo de un rail de traslación. Concretamente, este transelevador se caracteriza por el hecho de que el bastidor inferior comprende un cuerpo alargado conformado por dos perfiles distanciados y simétricos respecto al eje X que están unidos por una placa central superior, estando fijadas las columnas de elevación verticales sobre el cuerpo alargado, de tal modo que los dos perfiles y la placa central conforman un alojamiento interior por el cual transcurre el rail de traslación, estando cada uno de los extremos de tales dos perfiles acoplados a cabezales de traslación que alojan los medios motrices, incluyéndose en cada uno de dichos cabezales de traslación al menos una barra de refuerzo entre cada cabezal de traslación y un punto de la zona inferior de la columna de elevación más cercana a éste fijada por elementos de fijación, presentando la barra de refuerzo una disposición inclinada respecto al plano horizontal. It is also another object of the invention to provide a stacker for the transport of loads, which comprises two vertical lifting columns capable of moving in a horizontal plane, between which a lifting cradle intended for the movement of a load from or to a storage box of a shelf is moved vertically, a lower frame that supports such vertical lifting columns and is associated with driving means for displacement horizontal of the lower frame along a translation rail. Specifically, this stacker crane is characterized by the fact that the lower frame comprises an elongated body formed by two spaced and symmetrical profiles with respect to the X axis that are joined by an upper central plate, the vertical elevation columns being fixed on the elongated body, in such a way that the two profiles and the central plate form an inner housing through which the translation rail passes, each of the ends of such two profiles being coupled to translation heads that house the driving means, including in each of said translation heads at least one reinforcement bar between each translation head and a point in the lower area of the lift column closest to it fixed by fixing elements, the reinforcement bar having an inclined arrangement with respect to the horizontal plane.

La disposición de esta barra de refuerzo mejora la rigidez de la estructura en general del transelevador, sin tener que utilizar columnas conformadas por perfiles compuestos o con secciones de tamaño variable, tal como se realiza en la actualidad, para aumentar la resistencia de las columnas de elevación en su extremo inferior, que es el punto donde recibe mayores esfuerzos. The arrangement of this reinforcing bar improves the rigidity of the overall structure of the stacker crane, without having to use columns formed by composite profiles or with sections of variable size, as is currently done, to Increase the resistance of the lifting columns at its lower end, which is the point where it receives the greatest effort.

También, la configuración anterior permite reducir la distancia entre ruedas de traslación respecto a la técnica actual, en la cual los extremos inferiores de las columnas de elevación suelen ser de mayor sección y por tanto suelen ocupar más espacio sobre el bastidor inferior, obligando a incrementar la distancia entre ruedas. Este ahorro de distancia entre ruedas de traslación se traduce en una longitud menor del conjunto del transelevador y en un mejor aprovechamiento del espacio útil del almacén.  Also, the previous configuration allows to reduce the distance between wheels of translation with respect to the current technique, in which the lower ends of the lifting columns are usually of greater section and therefore usually occupy more space on the lower frame, forcing to increase The wheelbase This saving of distance between wheels of translation translates in a smaller length of the set of the transelevador and in a better use of the useful space of the warehouse.

Preferentemente, los elementos de fijación consisten en una pluralidad de orificios de fijación practicados en extremos de la barra de refuerzo a través de los cuales pasan elementos de tornilleria .  Preferably, the fasteners consist of a plurality of fastener holes made at ends of the reinforcing bar through which fasteners pass.

Cada uno de los dos perfiles que conforman el cuerpo alargado del bastidor inferior presenta una forma sensiblemente en "C", estando unida a lo largo de la longitud de cada perfil una chapa doblada que define una cavidad hueca entre la cara interior de la chapa doblada y la cara exterior del perfil que permite la ubicación de conductos y cables de manera que están ocultos y protegidos ante posibles golpes o daños.  Each of the two profiles that make up the elongated body of the lower frame has a substantially "C" shape, being folded along the length of each profile a bent sheet defining a hollow cavity between the inside face of the bent sheet and the outer face of the profile that allows the location of conduits and cables so that they are hidden and protected against possible shocks or damage.

La forma de la sección del bastidor inferior, rodeando el carril de traslación sobre el cual se desplaza el transelevador, permite ubicar a un nivel espacialmente bajo, permitiendo de este modo a la cuna del transelevador trabajar al nivel más bajo posible y aprovechar por tanto al máximo el espacio vertical de almacenamiento . The shape of the section of the lower frame, surrounding the translation lane on which the stacker is moving, allows it to be located at a spatially low level, thus allowing the cradle of the stacker to work at the lowest level possible and therefore take full advantage of the vertical storage space.

Ventajosamente, una de las columnas incluye longitudinalmente desde el extremo inferior al superior una pista de toma de corriente .  Advantageously, one of the columns longitudinally includes an outlet track from the lower to the upper end.

Otras características y ventajas de la cuna y el transelevador objetos de la presente invención resultarán evidentes a partir de la descripción de una realización preferida, pero no exclusiva, que se ilustra a modo de ejemplo no limitativo en los dibujos que se acompañan, en los cuales:  Other features and advantages of the cradle and the stacker object of the present invention will be apparent from the description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, which is illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, in which :

BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figura 1.- Es una vista en perspectiva de un transelevador para el transporte de carga de acuerdo con la presente invención;  Figure 1.- It is a perspective view of a stacker for the transport of cargo according to the present invention;

Figura 2.- Es una vista en perspectiva del tramo superior del transelevador que incluye una cuna de elevación de acuerdo con la presente invención;  Figure 2.- It is a perspective view of the upper section of the stacker crane that includes a lifting cradle in accordance with the present invention;

Figura 3.- Es una vista en alzado frontal de un tramo inferior del transelevador según la invención;  Figure 3.- It is a front elevational view of a lower section of the stacker according to the invention;

Figura 4.- Es una vista en perspectiva del bastidor inferior del transelevador representado en las figuras anteriores en el que se han extraído las columnas verticales por motivos de claridad;  Figure 4.- It is a perspective view of the lower frame of the stacker represented in the previous figures in which the vertical columns have been removed for reasons of clarity;

Figura 5.- Es una vista en perspectiva de una cuna de elevación de acuerdo con la presente invención sin el dispositivo de extracción; Figura 6 . - Es una vista en alzado lateral de la cuna de elevación representada en la figura 5 donde se han suprimido algunas partes; Figure 5.- It is a perspective view of a lifting cradle according to the present invention without the extraction device; Figure 6 - It is a side elevation view of the lifting cradle shown in Figure 5 where some parts have been removed;

Figura 7.- Es una vista de detalle en perspectiva de un montaje de ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje X para montarse en la cuna;  Figure 7.- It is a detailed perspective view of a vertical guide wheel assembly on the X axis to be mounted in the cradle;

Figura 8 . - Es una vista en sección transversal del montaje de ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje X indicado mediante circulo en la figura 6 ;  Figure 8 - It is a cross-sectional view of the vertical guide wheel assembly on the X axis indicated by a circle in Figure 6;

Figura 9.- Es una vista en alzado lateral del bastidor inferior de la cuna de elevación;  Figure 9.- It is a side elevation view of the lower frame of the lifting cradle;

Figura 10.- Es una vista en sección transversal del cuerpo alargado del bastidor inferior que forma parte del transelevador sobre un rail;  Figure 10.- It is a cross-sectional view of the elongated body of the lower frame that is part of the stacker on a rail;

Figura 11.- Es una vista en sección transversal vista desde arriba de los medios de guiado para el desplazamiento de la cuna; Y  Figure 11.- It is a cross-sectional view seen from above of the guiding means for moving the cradle; Y

Figura 12.- Es una vista en perspectiva de un tramo de una instalación de almacenamiento automática provista del transelevador según la invención;  Figure 12.- It is a perspective view of a section of an automatic storage installation provided with the stacker according to the invention;

DESCRIPCIÓN DE UNA REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE  DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Tal como se muestra en las figuras adjuntas, se aprecia un transelevador para el transporte de cargas, tal como cajas o similares, indicado de forma general con la referencia (1), apto para una instalación de almacenamiento automático (véase la figura 12) que se desplaza a lo largo de un rail de traslación (2) situado a nivel del suelo y está provisto principalmente de una cuna de elevación (3) desplazable a lo largo de dos columnas de elevación (4) que están soportadas sobre un bastidor inferior (5) y transcurren de forma paralela entre si. As shown in the attached figures, there is a stacker for the transport of loads, such as boxes or the like, indicated in general with reference (1), suitable for an automatic storage installation (see figure 12) that travels along a translation rail (2) located at ground level and is mainly provided with a lifting cradle (3) movable along two lifting columns (4) that are supported on a lower frame (5) and run parallel to each other.

En las figuras adjuntas, el eje X corresponde al eje de traslación, el eje Y al eje de elevación y el eje Z en el que se desplaza un dispositivo de extracción asociado a la cuna de elevación (3) en el plano horizontal.  In the attached figures, the X axis corresponds to the translation axis, the Y axis to the elevation axis and the Z axis in which an extraction device associated with the lifting cradle (3) is moved in the horizontal plane.

En lo que respecta al bastidor inferior (5) comprende principalmente un cuerpo alargado (9) conformado por dos perfiles unidos por una placa central superior sobre el que están fijadas las columnas verticales (4), estando cada uno de los extremos de tales dos perfiles acoplados a cabezales de traslación (6) que alojan las ruedas de traslación (7), y un motorreductor (8) asociado a una de las ruedas para su accionamiento, tal como puede verse en la figura 3.  With regard to the lower frame (5) it mainly comprises an elongated body (9) formed by two profiles joined by an upper central plate on which the vertical columns (4) are fixed, each of the ends of such two profiles being fixed coupled to translation heads (6) that house the translation wheels (7), and a gearmotor (8) associated with one of the wheels for actuation, as can be seen in Figure 3.

Adicionalmente, se incluyen un par de barras de refuerzo (10) entre cada cabezal de traslación (6) y un punto de la zona inferior de la columna (4) más cercana a éste (véase la figura 3) fijada por elementos de fijación, presentando las barras de refuerzo (10) una disposición inclinada respecto al plano horizontal de modo que aportan una mayor rigidez estructural gracias a su geometría triangular.  Additionally, a pair of reinforcing bars (10) are included between each translation head (6) and a point in the lower area of the column (4) closest to it (see Figure 3) fixed by fixing elements, The reinforcement bars (10) have an inclined arrangement with respect to the horizontal plane so that they provide greater structural rigidity thanks to their triangular geometry.

Los elementos de fijación consisten en una pluralidad de orificios de fijación practicados en extremos de las barras de refuerzo (10) a través de los cuales pasan elementos de tornillería (11) . The fixing elements consist of a plurality of fixing holes made at the ends of the bars of reinforcement (10) through which fasteners (11) pass.

Volviendo de nuevo al cuerpo alargado (9) que compone el bastidor inferior (5) , y tal como se aprecia con mayor claridad en la figura 9, está compuesto por dos perfiles de chapa (51) plegada sensiblemente en forma de "C" y simétricos entre si respecto al eje central de traslación X, y estando ubicados a cada lado del carril de traslación (2); una placa central superior (52) que une los perfiles (51) anteriores y que está ubicada por encima del carril de traslación (2) y; dos chapas dobladas (53), una asociada a cada chapa (51) que refuerzan los perfiles generando a su vez un conducto hueco (54) por donde pasa el cableado eléctrico para el funcionamiento de las diversas partes del transelevador (1) . Todos los perfiles y chapas anteriores están unidos entre ellos por soldadura y juntos conforman una sección compuesta con la suficiente rigidez y resistencia para aguantar los esfuerzos necesarios y al mismo tiempo conseguir una ubicación del conjunto respecto al nivel del suelo lo más bajo posible.  Returning again to the elongated body (9) that composes the lower frame (5), and as can be seen more clearly in Figure 9, it is composed of two sheet profiles (51) substantially folded in the form of "C" and symmetrical with respect to the central axis of translation X, and being located on each side of the translation rail (2); an upper central plate (52) joining the previous profiles (51) and which is located above the translation rail (2) and; two bent sheets (53), one associated with each sheet (51) that reinforce the profiles generating in turn a hollow conduit (54) through which the electrical wiring passes for the operation of the various parts of the stacker crane (1). All the previous profiles and plates are joined together by welding and together they form a composite section with sufficient stiffness and resistance to withstand the necessary efforts and at the same time achieve a location of the set with respect to the ground level as low as possible.

Haciendo ahora referencia a las columnas de elevación verticales (4) están conformadas básicamente por dos perfiles huecos de tubo rectangular de tipo estándar, es decir comercialmente disponibles, las cuales realizan la función de guiado en la elevación de la cuna de elevación gracias al contacto de las ruedas de guiado en elevación en los ejes X y Z (12, 13) con paredes de tales perfiles. Una de las columnas de elevación (4) incorpora un carril eléctrico de toma de corriente (14), formado por múltiples pistas, para realizar la transmisión eléctrica desde el armario eléctrico principal (15) fijado en un lateral de la columna (4) provista del carril (14) hasta la cuna de elevación (3) en cualquier punto del desplazamiento vertical de ésta. Las columnas de elevación (4) sirven también de base de fijación para el grupo motriz de elevación y el armario eléctrico principal, tal como se ha expuesto anteriormente. Al tratarse de un perfil comercial se simplifica su diseño y el coste, siendo la sección del perfil uniforme a lo largo de toda la longitud de éste. Referring now to the vertical lifting columns (4) they are basically formed by two hollow profiles of rectangular tube of standard type, that is commercially available, which perform the guiding function in the elevation of the lifting cradle thanks to the contact of the elevation guide wheels on the X and Z axes (12, 13) with walls of such profiles. One of the lifting columns (4) incorporates an electrical outlet rail (14), formed by multiple tracks, to carry out the electrical transmission from the main electrical cabinet (15) fixed on one side of the column (4) provided with the rail (14) to the lifting cradle (3) at any point of its vertical displacement . The lifting columns (4) also serve as a fixing base for the lifting drive group and the main electrical cabinet, as described above. As it is a commercial profile, its design and cost are simplified, the section of the profile being uniform along its entire length.

En la parte superior de las columnas de elevación (4) está provisto un elemento estructural de unión (34) entre los extremos superiores de las dos columnas de elevación, en el que se incorporan elementos accesorios para el sistema de elevación, tales como las poleas (16) destinadas para el guiado de un cable de elevación acoplable a la cuna de elevación (3) y las ruedas de guiado superiores en traslación (17) .  In the upper part of the lifting columns (4) a structural connecting element (34) is provided between the upper ends of the two lifting columns, in which accessory elements for the lifting system, such as the pulleys, are incorporated (16) intended for guiding a lifting cable attachable to the lifting cradle (3) and the upper guide wheels in translation (17).

Ahora, con referencia a la cuna de elevación (3) comprende un bastidor provisto de una estructura de soporte adecuada para soportar un dispositivo de extracción de carga que actúa en el eje Z (véase la figura 2), indicado de forma general con la referencia (40) y del que no se va a entrar en mayor detalle en su descripción al ser de tipo conocido.  Now, with reference to the lifting cradle (3), it comprises a frame provided with a support structure suitable for supporting a load extracting device that acts on the Z axis (see Figure 2), indicated generally with the reference (40) and which will not go into greater detail in its description to be of known type.

La estructura de soporte presenta dos travesaños (31) unidos entre si por sus extremos mediante dos barras (32), y medios de guiado para el desplazamiento de la estructura de soporte a lo largo de columnas proporcionadas en el transelevador (1) que se describen más adelante. Los travesaños (31) presentan una pluralidad de taladros (41) pasantes alineados longitudinalmente que sirven para la fijación del dispositivo de extracción (40) anteriormente mencionado. The support structure has two crossbars (31) joined together at their ends by two bars (32), and guiding means for moving the support structure to the length of columns provided in the stacker (1) described below. The crossbars (31) have a plurality of longitudinally aligned through holes (41) used to fix the aforementioned extraction device (40).

Se disponen dos armarios eléctricos (18), estando cada uno de ellos soportado en una respectiva carcasa (20) de tal modo que sobresalen exteriormente respecto a la superficie de carga definida por los dos travesaños (31) y las dos barras (32), en el que uno de los armarios (18) eléctricos está vinculado mediante conexiones de tipo escobilla (19) con el carril eléctrico de toma de corriente (14), de manera que las escobillas están en todo momento en contacto con dicho carril eléctrico de toma de corriente (14) . Mencionar que los medios de guiado están montados sobre cada una de las barras (32) tal como se describirá más adelante .  Two electrical cabinets (18) are arranged, each of which is supported in a respective housing (20) in such a way that they protrude externally from the load surface defined by the two crossbars (31) and the two bars (32), wherein one of the electrical cabinets (18) is connected by means of brush type connections (19) with the electrical outlet rail (14), so that the brushes are at all times in contact with said electrical outlet rail of current (14). Mention that the guiding means are mounted on each of the bars (32) as will be described later.

Esta transmisión eléctrica por medio de un carril eléctrico de toma-corriente y escobillas de deslizamiento (19) provistas en la cuna de elevación, implica que no es necesario utilizar una cadena porta-cables para dicha conexión eléctrica, y por ello supone un ahorro de espacio en el área ocupada por los elementos móviles de elevación incorporados en la cuna de elevación (3) .  This electrical transmission by means of an electric rail of outlet and sliding brushes (19) provided in the lifting cradle, implies that it is not necessary to use a cable-carrier chain for said electrical connection, and therefore it saves space in the area occupied by the mobile lifting elements incorporated in the lifting cradle (3).

Los medios de guiado presentan un par de carcasas (20) interiormente huecas y cerrables mediante dos tapas (201) laterales, estando cada una de las carcasas sobre cada barra (32), en cuyo interior están provistos medios de accionamiento y control eléctricos para el dispositivo de extracción de carga, y las cuatro ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje Z (12) en elevación situadas en una cara lateral exterior de la carcasa (20) que, en una condición de montaje de la cuna de elevación (3), se deslizan a lo largo de las dos paredes laterales de las columnas verticales (4) . The guiding means have a pair of internally hollow and closable housings (20) by means of two side covers (201), each of the housings being on each bar (32), in which interior drive and control means are provided electric for the load extraction device, and the four vertical guide wheels on the Z axis (12) in elevation located on an outer side face of the housing (20) which, in a mounting condition of the lifting cradle ( 3), they slide along the two side walls of the vertical columns (4).

Las carcasas (20) y armarios eléctricos (18) ubicados en la cuna de elevación (3) también están destinados a contener elementos eléctricos y electrónicos de control, con la particularidad de que en lugar de utilizar un solo armario de mayor volumen, tal como sucede en la técnica anterior, se utilizan las dos carcasas (20) y los dos armarios (18) de menores dimensiones que están ubicados de tal forma que se aprovecha convenientemente el espacio libre próximo a las dos columnas de elevación (4) .  The housings (20) and electrical cabinets (18) located in the lifting cradle (3) are also intended to contain electrical and electronic control elements, with the peculiarity that instead of using a single cabinet of greater volume, such as In the prior art, the two housings (20) and the two cabinets (18) of smaller dimensions that are located in such a way that the free space next to the two lifting columns (4) is used is used.

Adicionalmente, los medios de guiado de la cuna de elevación (3) incluyen un par de montajes de ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje X (21) ubicados en las carcasas (20), asociado cada uno de ellos a una columna de elevación vertical (4), donde el eje de giro de las ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje X es perpendicular al eje de las ruedas de guiado en elevación en el eje Z.  Additionally, the guide means of the lifting cradle (3) include a pair of vertical guide wheel assemblies on the X axis (21) located in the housings (20), each associated with a vertical lifting column (4), where the axis of rotation of the vertical guide wheels on the X axis is perpendicular to the axis of the elevation guide wheels on the Z axis.

Tal como puede verse más claramente en las figuras 7 y 8, el eje de giro (22) de la rueda (13) está montado en un bloque soporte (23) , hecho por ejemplo de material plástico y con una forma sensiblemente en forma de "U", que puede deslizarse linealmente a lo largo de un par de ejes alargados (24) que pasan a través de respectivos orificios pasantes (25) realizados en el bloque soporte (23), los cuales permiten llevar a cabo un desplazamiento axial de avance y retroceso del bloque soporte y por consiguiente de la rueda (13) . Para provocar y absorber este desplazamiento de avance y retroceso, el eje (24) incluye un muelle helicoidal (26) que hace tope en un extremo con una superficie fija (27) en el eje y en el extremo opuesto hace tope con un alojamiento practicado en el bloque soporte (23) , de modo que la rueda (13) ejerce una presión continua contra la pared de la columna de elevación (4) . Además, se proporciona una chapa en forma de "L" (28) fijada en la barra (32) sobre la que reposa el bloque de soporte (23) y están sujetos los dos ejes (24) . As can be seen more clearly in Figures 7 and 8, the axis of rotation (22) of the wheel (13) is mounted on a support block (23), made for example of plastic material and with a substantially shaped shape. "U", which can slide linearly along a pair of elongated axes (24) that pass through respective through holes (25) made in the support block (23), which allow to carry out an axial movement of forward and reverse of the support block and therefore of the wheel (13). To cause and absorb this forward and reverse movement, the shaft (24) includes a helical spring (26) that stops at one end with a fixed surface (27) on the shaft and at the opposite end stops at a practiced housing in the support block (23), so that the wheel (13) exerts a continuous pressure against the wall of the lifting column (4). In addition, an "L" shaped sheet (28) is provided fixed on the bar (32) on which the support block (23) rests and the two axes (24) are attached.

Adicionalmente, el montaje de ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje X dispone de unos medios de guiado para guiar el desplazamiento del bloque soporte (23) con respecto a la chapa en forma de "L" (28) que consisten esencialmente en dos guias (29) ubicadas en la chapa en forma de "L" (28) que están fijadas con elementos de tornilleria (30) .  Additionally, the mounting of vertical guide wheels on the X axis has guiding means to guide the movement of the support block (23) with respect to the "L" shaped sheet (28) consisting essentially of two guides ( 29) located on the "L" shaped sheet (28) that are fixed with hardware elements (30).

Los detalles, las formas, las dimensiones y demás elementos accesorios, asi como los materiales empleados en la fabricación del transelevador asi como la cuna de elevación de la invención podrán ser convenientemente sustituidos por otros que sean técnicamente equivalentes y no se aparten de la esencialidad de la invención ni del ámbito definido por las reivindicaciones que se incluyen a continuación.  The details, shapes, dimensions and other accessory elements, as well as the materials used in the manufacture of the stacker crane as well as the lifting cradle of the invention may be conveniently replaced by others that are technically equivalent and do not depart from the essentiality of the invention or the scope defined by the claims included below.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES 1. Cuna de elevación (3) para un transelevador, que comprende un bastidor provisto de una estructura de soporte adecuada para soportar dispositivos de extracción de carga (40), en el que la estructura de soporte presenta dos travesaños (31) unidos entre si por sus extremos mediante dos barras (32), y medios de guiado para el desplazamiento de la estructura de soporte a lo largo de dos columnas proporcionadas en un transelevador (1), caracterizada por el hecho de que los medios de guiado presentan un par de carcasas (20) interiormente huecas, estando cada una de ellas soportada sobre una barra, en cuyo interior están provistos medios de accionamiento y control eléctrico para la activación de dispositivos de extracción de carga unidos a los travesaños (31), y una pluralidad de ruedas de guiado en elevación situadas en una cara lateral exterior de cada una de las carcasas (20) que, en una condición de montaje de la cuna de elevación en un transelevador, se desplazan a lo largo de las columnas verticales (4) presentes en el transelevador.  1. Lifting cradle (3) for a stacker crane, comprising a frame provided with a support structure suitable for supporting load extracting devices (40), in which the support structure has two crossbars (31) joined together at its ends by means of two bars (32), and guiding means for the displacement of the support structure along two columns provided in a stacker (1), characterized by the fact that the guiding means have a pair of internally hollow housings (20), each of which is supported on a bar, in which interior drive and control means are provided for the activation of load extracting devices attached to the crossbars (31), and a plurality of wheels of guided in elevation located in an outer lateral face of each one of the housings (20) that, in a condition of assembly of the cradle of elevation in a transelevador, move along of the vertical columns (4) present in the stacker. 2. Cuna de elevación (3) según la reivindicación 1, caracterizada por el hecho de que se disponen dos armarios eléctricos (18), estando cada uno de ellos soportado en una respectiva carcasa (20) de tal modo que sobresalen exteriormente respecto a la superficie de carga definida por los dos travesaños (31) y las dos barras (32), en el que al menos uno de los armarios eléctricos (18) está vinculado mediante conexiones de tipo escobilla (19) con una fuente de alimentación eléctrica ubicada en una de las columnas del transelevador, y en el que los medios de guiado están montados sobre cada una de las barras. 2. Lifting cradle (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that two electrical cabinets (18) are arranged, each being supported in a respective housing (20) in such a way that they protrude externally with respect to the load surface defined by the two crossbars (31) and the two bars (32), in which at least one of the electrical cabinets (18) is connected by brush type connections (19) with an electrical power source located in one of the columns of the stacker crane, and in which the guiding means are mounted on each of the bars. 3. Cuna de elevación (3) según la reivindicación 2, caracterizado por el hecho de que los medios de guiado incluyen un montaje de ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje X ubicados en cada una de las carcasas, tal que el eje de giro de dichas ruedas de guiado vertical (13) en el eje X es perpendicular al eje de las ruedas de guiado vertical (12) en el eje Z.  3. Lifting cradle (3) according to claim 2, characterized in that the guiding means include a mounting of vertical guide wheels on the X axis located in each of the housings, such that the axis of rotation of said vertical guide wheels (13) on the X axis is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical guide wheels (12) on the Z axis. 4. Cuna de elevación (3) según la reivindicación 3, caracterizada por el hecho de que el montaje de ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje X comprende una rueda (13) , cuyo eje de giro (22) está montado en un bloque soporte (23) desplazable lineal y axialmente a lo largo de al menos un eje (24) para llevar a cabo un desplazamiento axial de avance y retroceso de la rueda (13), en el que el eje (24) incluye unos medios elásticos.  4. Lifting cradle (3) according to claim 3, characterized in that the vertical guide wheel assembly on the X axis comprises a wheel (13), whose rotation axis (22) is mounted on a support block (23) linearly and axially movable along at least one axle (24) to carry out an axial displacement of forward and reverse of the wheel (13), in which the axle (24) includes elastic means. 5. Cuna de elevación (3) según la reivindicación 4, caracterizada por el hecho de que los medios elásticos comprenden un muelle helicoidal (26) situado alrededor del eje (24) que hace tope en un extremo con una superficie (27) solidaria con el eje (24) y en el extremo opuesto hace tope con un alojamiento practicado en el bloque soporte (23) .  5. Lifting cradle (3) according to claim 4, characterized in that the elastic means comprise a helical spring (26) located around the shaft (24) that abuts at one end with a surface (27) integral with the shaft (24) and at the opposite end abut with a housing made in the support block (23). 6. Cuna de elevación (3) según la reivindicación 4, caracterizada por el hecho de que el montaje de ruedas de guiado vertical en el eje X incluye una chapa en forma de "L" sobre la que reposa el bloque de soporte, que tiene un pliegue del que sobresale el eje provisto de los medios elásticos. 6. Lifting cradle (3) according to claim 4, characterized in that the mounting of vertical guide wheels on the X axis includes an "L" shaped plate on which the support block, which has a fold from which the shaft provided with the elastic means protrudes. 7. Cuna de elevación (3) según la reivindicación 4 y 6, caracterizada por el hecho de que comprende medios de guiado para el desplazamiento del bloque soporte con respecto a la chapa. 7. Lifting cradle (3) according to claim 4 and 6, characterized in that it comprises guiding means for the displacement of the support block with respect to the sheet. 8. Cuna de elevación (3) según la reivindicación 1, caracterizada por el hecho de que los travesaños (31) presentan una pluralidad de taladros (41) pasantes alineados longitudinalmente .  8. Lifting cradle (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the crossbars (31) have a plurality of longitudinally aligned through holes (41). 9. Transelevador (1) para el transporte de cargas, susceptible de desplazarse en un plano horizontal, que comprende dos columnas de elevación verticales (4), entre las cuales se desplaza verticalmente una cuna de elevación (3) destinada para el desplazamiento de un carga desde o hasta una casilla de almacenaje de una estantería, un bastidor inferior que soporta tales columnas de elevación verticales (4) y está asociado a medios motrices para el desplazamiento horizontal del bastidor inferior (5) a lo largo de un rail de traslación (2), caracterizado por el hecho de que el bastidor inferior comprende un cuerpo alargado conformado por dos perfiles (51) distanciados y simétricos respecto al eje X que están unidos por una placa central (52) superior, estando fijadas las columnas de elevación verticales (4) sobre el cuerpo alargado, de tal modo que los dos perfiles (51) y la placa central (52) conforman un alojamiento interior por el cual transcurre el rail de traslación (2), estando cada uno de los extremos de tales dos perfiles acoplados a cabezales de traslación (6) que alojan los medios motrices, incluyéndose en cada uno de dichos cabezales de traslación (6) al menos una barra de refuerzo (10) entre cada cabezal de traslación y un punto de la zona inferior de la columna de elevación más cercana a éste fijada por elementos de fijación, presentando la barra de refuerzo (10) una disposición inclinada respecto al plano horizontal. 9. Transelevador (1) for the transport of loads, capable of moving in a horizontal plane, comprising two vertical elevation columns (4), between which a lifting cradle (3) is designed vertically for the displacement of a loading from or to a storage box of a shelf, a lower frame that supports such vertical lifting columns (4) and is associated with driving means for horizontal displacement of the lower frame (5) along a translation rail ( 2), characterized by the fact that the lower frame comprises an elongated body formed by two profiles (51) spaced apart and symmetrical with respect to the X axis that are joined by an upper central plate (52), the vertical lifting columns being fixed ( 4) on the elongated body, such that the two profiles (51) and the central plate (52) form an inner housing through which the translation rail (2) passes, this Each of the ends of such two profiles coupled to translation heads (6) housing the drive means, at each one of said translation heads (6) including at least one reinforcing bar (10) between each translation head and a point in the lower area of the lifting column closest to it fixed by fixing elements, presenting the reinforcing bar (10) an inclined arrangement with respect to the horizontal plane. 10. Transelevador (1) según la reivindicación 9, caracterizado por el hecho de que los elementos de fijación de la barra de refuerzo consisten en una pluralidad de orificios de fijación practicados en extremos de la barra de refuerzo (10) a través de los cuales pasan elementos de tornilleria.  10. Transelevator (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the fixing elements of the reinforcing bar consist of a plurality of fixing holes made in ends of the reinforcing bar (10) through which Elements of screws pass. 11. Transelevador (1) según la reivindicación 9, caracterizado por el hecho de que cada uno de los perfiles (51) que forman parte del cuerpo alargado, presenta una forma sensiblemente en "C", estando unida a lo largo de la longitud del perfil una chapa doblada que define una cavidad hueca entre la cara interior de la chapa doblada y la cara exterior del perfil .  11. Transelevator (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that each of the profiles (51) that are part of the elongated body, has a substantially "C" shape, being joined along the length of the profile a bent sheet that defines a hollow cavity between the inside face of the bent sheet and the outside face of the profile. 12. Transelevador (1) según la reivindicación 9, caracterizado por el hecho de que al menos una de las columnas de elevación verticales (4) incluye longitudinalmente desde el extremo inferior al superior una pista conductora de toma de corriente eléctrica.  12. Transelevator (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one of the vertical lifting columns (4) includes longitudinally from the lower end to the upper one a conductive track of electrical outlet.
PCT/ES2012/070229 2011-04-15 2012-04-03 Lifting cradle and stacker crane for transporting loads Ceased WO2012140295A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ES201130598A ES2364685B1 (en) 2011-04-15 2011-04-15 ELEVATION AND CROSSBODY CRADLE FOR CARGO TRANSPORTATION.
ESP201130598 2011-04-15

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EP2883831A1 (en) * 2013-12-10 2015-06-17 Stöcklin Logistik AG Small access device
WO2018068500A1 (en) * 2016-10-13 2018-04-19 罗伯泰克自动化科技（苏州）有限公司 Horizontal guide wheel support base

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CN103601125A (en) * 2013-12-02 2014-02-26 无锡中鼎物流设备有限公司 Ceiling rail structure of stocker
EP2883831A1 (en) * 2013-12-10 2015-06-17 Stöcklin Logistik AG Small access device
WO2018068500A1 (en) * 2016-10-13 2018-04-19 罗伯泰克自动化科技（苏州）有限公司 Horizontal guide wheel support base

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