WO2012038793A1

WO2012038793A1 - Encapsulated compounds evolving carbon dioxide on contact with water for extermination of insects

Info

Publication number: WO2012038793A1
Application number: PCT/IB2011/002113
Authority: WO
Inventors: Viktor Petrovich Alferov
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-09-24
Filing date: 2011-09-05
Publication date: 2012-03-29
Anticipated expiration: 2013-03-24
Also published as: RU2010139501A

Abstract

For the purpose of maintenance of ecological safety and increase of efficiency of suppression of the beetles, essentially new approach is applied. Namely, the offered means ruptures intestines of the beetles from within mechanically. For that, users cover sowings foliage with multitude of microcapsules in order to case when they will be swallowed by the beetles together with the eaten mass of the foliage. Covers of capsules are dissolving in digestive juice of the beetle, leading to intensive creation of gas. The gas widens the gastroenteric path of the beetle from inside outward and up to rupture of the intestines.In microcapsules there is the mixture of substances-predecessors which in the water-containing environment react among themselves, creating gas of carbon dioxide. Its action of widening worsens state of health of the beetle, reduces its activity and damages intestines with an irreparable trauma - till death. Thereby the all of the beetles became destroyed and/or harm done by them is reduced - owing to falling of their activity in spheres of voracity and reproduction.The means is usable against the Colorado beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata, in Latin) or other beetle (an insect or a rodent) which are eating agricultural sowings or ready products of a vegetative origin or livestock products. Shortly, the declared invention may be characterized as "The eatable bio-destroyable microcapsules containing gas-producing substances which are acting in the water environment - for struggle against the devouring insects".

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention name:

ENCAPSULATED COMPOUNDS EVOLVING CARBON DIOXIDE ON CONTACT WITH WATER FOR EXTERMINATION OF INSECTS

The declared invention concerns area A 01 N "Toxicants for killing of weeds and the devouring Insects and rodents in agriculture". The toxicants can be applied in territories of the personal and collective land farms used for cultivation of vegetables and fruit. Also, the toxicants can be applied in premises for storage of the products obtained from seeds and of livestock products. In IPK, in A 01 N, there is known big set of ways, means and devices for destruction of weeds and devouring Insects and rodents of agriculture. They mean influence of chemical substances on organisms of the Insects and rodents - for the purpose of toxic (poisonous) defeat. Among the using substances there are distinguished the groups: desinfectants, pesticides, biocides, etc. Among them there are substances of artificial (industrial) origin, and of natural origin (taken from flora, microorganisms and animals). Now, from ecological reasons, there is inclination to apply natural substances in more wide measure. They are the substances taken from grasses, microbiological fungi and nematodes.

The division of IPC A 01 N 25/00 contains descriptions of inventions, different by novelty of signs of the physical form and by method of using of pernicious substances. So, the invention under the patent of the Russian Federation 2251849 (13) C2 provides spraying on the growing sowings by mixture of biological substance with added anti-desicant (the extract of biomass of microfungus); the invention formula is presented in the Bulletin of the Russian Federation "Inventions. Useful models", 2005, si 4.

The similar invention under the application of the Russian Federation 2002134136/13 describes a spraying of mixture of biological substance with addition of extract of biomass from nematodes; the invention formula is presented in the Bulletin, 2005, 14.

The invention under the patent of the Russian Federation 2251267 (13) C2, IPC A 01 N 25/02 provides spraying of the insecticide mixture which includes acting substance (an extract of Echinacea with acid hyaluronic) and form-making substances (ascorbic acid, zinc acetate, sodium chloride and water); the invention formula is presented in the Bulletin "Inventions, Useful models", 2005,13.

IPC, its division A 01 N 59/06, contains descriptions of inventions providing use of substances of inorganic type.

The specified inventions are analogues of the invention declared in this given application. Their general features are: small particles of already ready harmful substance (or of mixture of substances) for putting them on object of protection and on its devourers. These signs coincide with essential signs of the declared invention.

The closest analogue (prototype) for the declared invention is the above specified invention under the patent of the Russian Federation 2251267 (13) C2, IPC A 01 N 25/02. The invention too provides putting of small particles of harmful substance - by means of spraying of insecticide mixture; and the mixture is ready to action on devourers; the mixture includes inorganic substances (zinc acetate, sodium chloride and water) and organic substances (extract of Echinacea with acid hyaluronic).

Ecological and hygienic danger and low efficiency in neutralization of devourers are defects of the analogues and of the prototype. So, presence of toxic zinc is dangerously not only for devourers, but also for Environment, for health of the people consuming products, grown in the environment. The salt forms saturation in soils, i.e. does ecological harm. That is, the prototype possesses undesirable by-effects which prevent against its wide use.

The declared invention is intended for guarantee of ecological compatibility of destruction of devourers - with refusal of use of substances which are harmful to Environment, sowings and people. And it must be done so: the killing substance would be nonpoisonous and, besides, the substance would be absent till the moment of contact to organism of the devourer. And it must be done so that damaging action of this substance was not chemical, but mechanical.

And there are analogues of other type: medical microcapsules with a medical substance inside. So, the patent of the Russian Federation N°2171673 provides the invention of microcapsules (i.e. protective covers) with a drug inside. Capsulation of a powder is sign general for the declared invention.

The invention under O-A-93/02712 (Danbiosyst) concerns the amyl-dextrine microcapsules; they are got on crystals by creation of covers from a soluble-in- water starch derivative.

In the patent of the Russian Federation N°2109521, as a material capable to creation of walls of microcapsules, they use an albumen, for example collagen or gelatin or albumin of blood whey. The detailed description is in: http://ru- patent.info/21/05-09/2109521 .html.

Microcapsules made from a multilayered biodegradable (i.e. able to decay itself in a live being) polymeric covers are known also. They are executed from the polymeric dairy acid and are decaying in an organism by its enzymes. But the given kind of cover decays slowly. The detailed description is stated in sources: http://www.rusnano.eom/Document.aspx/Download/16768#a39 and http://popnano.ru/news/show/! 139.

The detailed description of bio-decomposable polymers is given in the R.Langer's article (Macromol. Chem. Phys. C 23, 61-125 (1983)). As a material capable to create walls, it is possible to use polyamine acids and their derivatives, for example the partial complex ethers with the lowest spirits or glycols.

Depending on appointment of microcapsules, it is possible to give for their covers a various properties. Methods of execution of microcapsules are divided into three groups: physical, physical-chemical and chemical (http://drug- encyclopaedia.ru/primenenie-mikrokapsuLphp).

The purpose of the declared invention was to create an effective means for neutralization of devourers on the new principle excluding use of toxic substances.

The essence of the invention consists in providing an traumatic action to devourers - without a special mechanical influence on them. It is reached by introduction into intestines of the devourers a mixture of the substances which are intensively producing a gas at their interaction. The Gas inflates the intestines and makes for them a swollen status till explosion of them. The introduction of the mixture occurs automatically: the devourer himself eats it as the mixture is put on foliage of the sowings in the form of microcapsules.

Unlike the analogues and the prototype, the offered invention provides nontoxic destruction of devourers; and the acting nonpoisonous substance (gas) is not a part of the offered means: the gas is arising after using of the microcapsules - already in intestines of the devourer.

Use of the offered invention allows to suppress activity of devourers and to ruin them without the poisoning phenomenon, i.e. without use of poisonous substances. And those substances which are using, are pernicious not by poisoning but by mechanical action of their product (of gas), i.e. by its stretch-swell- explosion-making effect.

The invention is explained by sketches of figures 1-3. On fig. l there is the microcapsule with cover 1 , filled by crystals (by molecules) 2 of soda (in the form of short lines) and by crystals (by molecules) 3 of lemon acid (in the form of longer lines) is represented. On fig.2 there is capsule of other type with cover 4 and crystals (molecules) 5 of the soda is represented. On fig.3 there is similar capsule with cover 6 and of other contents (with crystals (molecules) 7 of lemon acid).

The invention is executing as follows. By one of the known technologies specified above or by a similar, a micro-portion of the mixture (lemon acid, E-330, with baking soda, i.e. sodium two-carbonic, E-500 - in form of powders) is wrapped by own cover I (tig. 1 ); the every micro-portion is wrapped up separately, and its cover is made of material, capable to be dissolved by a water and/or by digestive juice of intestines of a Colorado beetle or accordingly of other devourer. For example, the cover is made from collagen, gelatin, albumin of blood or from polymer (natural or artificial polysaccharide, the melted sugar, etc.). The used technology should be waterless, i.e. there must be using as working solvents and as other liquids only water-not-containing solvents (spirits, other organic liquids). Or the micro-portions before process of covering must be isolated from water (or from a water technological solvent) by special substance, i.e. by a temporary technological cover which then, after fulfilling of the basic cover, will be removed by dissolving by organic solvent. So, the invention is executing accordingly to the order of source http://popnano.rU/news/show/l 139.

The offered means (a multitude of microcapsules in the form of the smallest, the most thin powder) can be homogeneous (as consisting of absolutely identical microcapsules of fig.l ) or diverse by their size and/or by their contents (fig.2, 3). In the latter case, in microcapsules there may be contained one substance - the soda (fig.2) or acid (fig.3); then the means contains different microcapsules - both with the first, and with the second component (i.e. microcapsules from fig.2 and microcapsules from fig.3). When the components are released out from covers by the aquatic dissolving among the water environment, they react each with other chemically.

The size of microcapsules should be less than mouth aperture of the beetle. They are very small (the sizes from nano to parts of micron and to 1-100 microns, they are as product of nano-technologies and micro-technologies), are tasteless also odourless and, because of that, they may be eaten as not noticed by the beetle.

The ready means as lnicro-capsular powder (or in the form of its mixture with a liquid) is storing in a container, impenetrable for external water and its steam - in order to avoid self-destruction of microcapsules under influence of water. The offered means is using as follows. Powder of multitude of the ready microcapsules must be placing on leaves of a protecting sowings (a potato bush, for example) - by method of dusting through a pulverisator (by sprinkler) or as placing of powder; or in the form of an aerosol: they spray by sprayer the liquid mixture of micro-capsular powder (the powder with gasoline, with solar oil or with other liquid of no-destroying ability to covers of microcapsules).

The offered means works as follows. The microcapsules arrive into inside to the beetle together with the eaten mass of sowings. Covers of capsules are dissolving inside of gastroenteric path of the beetle by water of digestive juice and by its enzymes. At the presence of water the bared substances (the acid and the soda) intensively react, creating gas of carbon dioxide by reaction:

C₆H₈0₇ + NaHC0₃ - C0₂ + H₂0 + Na₃C₆H₅0₇.

Gas widens the gastroenteric path of the beetle from inside to outside - up to a discomfort, to a painful condition and till death owing to rupture of the gastroenteric path.

Activity of the beetle is falling with deterioration of status of its health (the beetle ceases to eat) and then its intestines are damaged with an irreparable trauma, incompatible with life. Thereby the beetles are destroyed and/or the harm doing by them is reduced (at least owing to falling of their activity in spheres of gluttony and self-reproduction of beetles).

For protection of animals and products against their devourers, the powder of microcapsules must be placed on surfaces of these objects, or on/in baits in the form of mix of the microcapsules with food attractive to the wrecker there must be prepared.

Technical result of the offered invention is the decrease in harmful activity of devourers and the destroying of them. The result is reached by adding new signs to signs of the prototype (of patent of the Russian Federation 2251267). It means that next signs of the prototype:

- the special substance using for the placing of it by small particles on surface of the sowings protecting from devourers, i.e. for the eating this substance by the beetles;

- this substance is harmful, i.e. toxic for the beetles (is insecticide);

- the substance is ready to act on the beetles;

- its structure includes inorganic and organic substances;

- these signs was joined to some new distinctive signs of the declared invention. The new signs are:

- the use of the substances-predecessors concealing (hiding) inside of them the future acting factor of the invention (i.e. the future gas which will expand in intestines of the beetle);

- protective conservation of the creative ability of substances-predecessors: 1) by waterless structure and 2) by isolation of the structure from external, in relation to the beetle, waters; - the baring of substances-predecessors with putting them as the free ones into the interior of devourers;

- the postponed creation of acting gas;

- the non-toxic damage of the organism of the beetle at the expense of

mechanical influence on its intestines;

- the packaging of portions of the offered means into microcapsules by portions of micro/nano scale;

- ability of covers of microcapsules to the own bio-destruction by digestive juice, its water and enzymes of organism of the beetle;

- microcapsules, by their size, are less than the mouth aperture of the beetle.

These distinctive signs define the offered invention as insecticide of essentially new type ("The Means of the gaseous traumatic action for the devouring beetles").

The invention is realizable easily. It does not demand a creation of essentially new equipment for the realization since it can be carried out on the basis of existing technologies and of the factories which are producing out medical microcapsules with medicinal powders inside. It defines profitability of the invention and simplicity of its realization.

Claims

The FORMULA (CLAIMS)

The means for suppression of devouring beetles of agricultural sowings, of animals and of products by placing the means as substance for strewing on the surface of object of protection (which will be eaten by the beetles) by method of dusting or by method of placing of powder or by method of spraying a liquid aerosol, is stated as differing from known analogues ones by the next: the means is capable to the postponed creation of acting gas in the water environment and is divided in nano/micro portions, is executed as nano/microcapsules which destroy themselves by influence of water and by bio-liquids and by enzymes; all the capsules are identical, in their cores they contain the waterless mixture of two or more non-toxic substances which are chemical predecessors-producers of acting substance (gas) and are not capable chemically to react each with other in dry status (without water or a biological liquid, for example the mixture of powders of lemon acid, E-330 and baking soda, the sodium hydrocarbonate, E-500), but in the water or biological liquid these substances react among themselves intensively with creation a gaseous product; the material, from which the microcapsule (i.e. cover of the mixture) is made, is water-soluble; or the declared means is executed as different-type microcapsules: the ones described above and microcapsules containing the same specified substances separately each from other (each substance in separate microcapsule); all the microcapsules have the nano-sizes or nearly of that (micro-sizes): they are less than the mouth aperture of the beetle; their material (strictly speaking, a capsule, i.e. a cover) is capable to be decayed, for example by enzymes or dissolved by biological water containing in organisms (in their digestive juices) of the given beetles.