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WO2012038261A1 - Procédé pour échanger des éléments de batterie pendant le fonctionnement - Google Patents

Procédé pour échanger des éléments de batterie pendant le fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012038261A1
WO2012038261A1 PCT/EP2011/065520 EP2011065520W WO2012038261A1 WO 2012038261 A1 WO2012038261 A1 WO 2012038261A1 EP 2011065520 W EP2011065520 W EP 2011065520W WO 2012038261 A1 WO2012038261 A1 WO 2012038261A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery cell
defective
coupling unit
battery module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2011/065520
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Butzmann
Holger Fink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch Battery Systems GmbH
SB LiMotive Co Ltd
Original Assignee
SB LiMotive Germany GmbH
SB LiMotive Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SB LiMotive Germany GmbH, SB LiMotive Co Ltd filed Critical SB LiMotive Germany GmbH
Priority to CN2011800449477A priority Critical patent/CN103155224A/zh
Priority to EP11767193.3A priority patent/EP2619825A1/fr
Publication of WO2012038261A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012038261A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0092—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/19—Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for exchanging battery cells during operation
  • Battery systems will be used. In order to meet the voltage and available power requirements of a particular application, a large number of battery cells are connected in series. Since the power provided by such a battery must flow through all the battery cells and a battery cell can only conduct a limited current, battery cells are often additionally connected in parallel in order to increase the maximum current. This can be done either by providing multiple cell wraps within a battery cell housing or by externally interconnecting battery cells.
  • FIG. 1 The block diagram of a conventional electric drive system, as used for example in electric and hybrid vehicles or in stationary applications such as in the rotor blade adjustment of wind turbines is shown in Figure 1.
  • a battery 110 is connected to a
  • Capacitor 11 1 is buffered.
  • a pulse-controlled inverter 1 12 which via two switchable semiconductor valves and two diodes at three outputs against each other phase-shifted sinusoidal voltages for the operation of an electrical
  • the capacity of the capacitor 1 11 must be large be enough to stabilize the voltage in the DC link for a period of time in which one of the switchable semiconductor valves is turned on. In a practical application such as an electric vehicle results in a high capacity in the range of mF.
  • FIG. 2 shows the battery 110 of FIG. 1 in a more detailed block diagram.
  • a large number of battery cells are connected in series as well as optionally additionally in parallel, in order to achieve a high output voltage and battery capacity desired for a particular application.
  • a charging and disconnecting device 116 is connected between the positive pole of the battery cells and a positive battery terminal 1 14, a charging and disconnecting device 116 is connected.
  • a negative battery terminal 1 15 a is optionally, in addition between the negative terminal of the battery cells and a negative battery terminal 1 15 a
  • Separator 117 are switched.
  • the separating and charging device 16 and the separating device 117 each comprise a contactor 118 or 119, which are provided for disconnecting the battery cells from the battery terminals in order to disconnect the battery terminals from the voltage. Due to the high DC voltage of the series-connected battery cells is otherwise significant risk potential for maintenance personnel or the like.
  • the charging and separating device 116 is also a charging contactor
  • the charging resistor 121 limits a charging current for the capacitor 11 1 when the battery is connected to the DC link. For this purpose, first the contactor 118 is left open and only the charging contactor 120 is closed. If the voltage at the positive battery terminal 114 reaches the voltage of the battery cells, the contactor 1 19 can be closed and, if necessary, the charging contactor 120 can be opened.
  • Reliability is the ability of one System to work correctly for a given time.
  • Availability is the likelihood of finding a repairable system in a working state at a given time. Disclosure of the invention
  • the invention therefore provides a method of operating a battery having a plurality of battery modules connected in series, each one
  • Battery module comprises a coupling unit and at least one connected between a first input and a second input of the coupling unit battery cell introduced.
  • the method comprises at least the following steps: detecting a defective battery cell and that battery module containing the defective battery cell;
  • the invention has the advantage that a defective battery cell can be detected and disconnected from the series connection of the battery cells of the battery, so that the remaining functional battery cells continue as
  • Battery can provide an output voltage. Subsequently, a functional battery cell can be coupled to the battery module with the defective battery cell and the decoupling of the battery module can be terminated.
  • the invention thus enables the battery and a device supplied or supported by the battery, in spite of the actual or
  • the method may include an additional step of removing the
  • the inventive method has the advantage that defective battery cells can be replaced as often as desired without increasing the volume of the battery.
  • the step of detecting the defective battery cell preferably includes a step of determining an aging condition of the battery cells and a step of comparing the determined aging condition with a predetermined maximum aging condition. A battery cell is considered to be defective if its aging state is greater than the predetermined maximum aging state.
  • the advantage of the method is that battery cells threatened by a failure can be detected early and the measures for uninterrupted further operation of the method can be taken even before the failure.
  • the term "defective battery cell” in the context of the invention also refers to a battery cell that has already aged beyond a specific aging.
  • the step of determining the state of aging of the battery cells may include steps of determining a battery current, a
  • Battery cell voltage and a battery cell temperature include. These characteristic parameters of battery cells give an estimate of the
  • the coupling unit of the detected battery module leads in preferred
  • Embodiments of the method according to the invention the step of the output-side bridging of the detected battery module. Because the
  • Coupling also the step of Uncoupling the defective battery cell In this way, it can be ensured in a particularly simple manner that the two steps are carried out simultaneously and by the control signal.
  • To protect maintenance personnel is particularly preferred in the step of
  • a device connected to the battery may be operated from the step of decoupling the defective battery cell to the step of terminating the output-side bypassing with a reduced input voltage. Operation at reduced capacity takes into account the fact that during the said period only a reduced
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a battery having a control unit and a plurality of battery modules connected in series, each one
  • Battery module comprises a coupling unit and at least one connected between a first input and a second input of the coupling unit battery cell.
  • the control unit is designed to carry out the method according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • Another aspect of the invention leads a motor vehicle with an electric drive motor for driving the motor vehicle and one with the
  • the battery cells are particularly preferably lithium-ion battery cells.
  • Lithium-ion battery cells have the advantages of high cell voltage and high energy content in a given volume.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a battery according to the prior art
  • FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of a coupling unit for use in a battery, with which the method according to the invention can be carried out
  • Figure 4 shows a possible circuit implementation of the first
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B show two embodiments of a battery module with the first embodiment of the coupling unit
  • FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of a coupling unit for use in a battery, with which the method according to the invention can be carried out
  • Figure 7 shows a possible circuit implementation of the second
  • Figure 8 shows an embodiment of a battery module with the second
  • FIG. 10 shows a flow chart of an embodiment variant of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of a coupling unit 30 for use in a battery with which the method according to the invention can be carried out.
  • the coupling unit 30 has two inputs 31 and 32 and an output 33 and designed to connect one of the inputs 31 or 32 to the output 33 and to decouple the other.
  • FIG. 4 shows a possible circuit implementation of the first embodiment of the coupling unit 30, in which a first and a second switch 35 or 36 are provided. Each of the switches is connected between one of the inputs 31 and 32 and the output 33.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that both inputs 31, 32 can be decoupled from the output 33, so that the output 33 becomes high-impedance, which may be useful, for example, in the case of repair or maintenance.
  • the switches 35, 36 simply as
  • Semiconductor switches such as MOSFETs or IGBTs can be realized.
  • Semiconductor switches have the advantage of a low price and a high switching speed, so that the coupling unit 30 can respond within a short time to a control signal or a change in the control signal.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B show two embodiments of a battery module 40 with the first embodiment of the coupling unit 30.
  • a plurality of battery cells 11 are connected in series between the inputs of the coupling unit 30.
  • the invention is not limited to such a series connection of battery cells 11, it can also be provided only a single battery cell 1 1 or a parallel connection or mixed-serial-parallel circuit of battery cells 1 1.
  • the output of Coupling unit 30 with a first terminal 41 and the negative pole of the battery cells 1 1 connected to a second terminal 42 is connected to a second terminal 42.
  • an almost mirror-image arrangement as in FIG. 5B is possible, in which the positive pole of the battery cells 11 is connected to the first terminal 41 and the output of the coupling unit 30 to the second terminal 42.
  • FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of a coupling unit 50 for use in a battery with which the method according to the invention can be carried out.
  • the coupling unit 50 has two inputs 51 and 52 and two outputs 53 and 54. It is designed to connect either the first input 51 to the first output 53 and the second input 52 to the second output 54 (and the first output 53 from the second Output 54) or to connect the first output 53 to the second output 54 (thereby decoupling the inputs 51 and 52).
  • Embodiments of the coupling unit may also be designed to separate both inputs 51, 52 from the outputs 53, 54 and also to decouple the first output 53 from the second output 54. However, it is not intended to connect both the first input 51 to the second input 52.
  • Figure 7 shows a possible circuit implementation of the second
  • Embodiment of the coupling unit 50 in which a first, a second and a third switch 55, 56 and 57 are provided.
  • the first switch 55 is connected between the first input 51 and the first output 53
  • the second switch 56 is connected between the second input 52 and the second one
  • Time can respond to a control signal or a change of the control signal.
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a battery module 60 with the second embodiment of the coupling unit 50.
  • a plurality of battery cells 1 1 are connected in series between the inputs of a coupling unit 50.
  • This embodiment of the battery module 60 is not limited to such a series connection of battery cells 1 1, it may again be provided only a single battery cell 1 1 or a parallel connection or mixed serial-parallel circuit of battery cells 1 1.
  • Coupling unit 50 is connected to a first terminal 61 and the second output of Coupling unit 40 connected to a second terminal 62.
  • the battery module 60 has the advantage that the battery cells 1 1 can be uncoupled from the remaining battery on both sides by the coupling unit 50, which enables a safe replacement during operation, since at no pole of the battery cells 1 1 the dangerous high sum voltage of the remaining battery modules of the battery is applied.
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of a battery with which the method according to the invention can be carried out.
  • the battery has a battery module string 70 with a plurality of battery modules 40 or 60, wherein preferably each battery module 40 or 60 contains the same number of battery cells 11 connected in an identical manner.
  • the battery module string 70 may include any number of battery modules 40 or 60 greater than one. Also, at the poles of the battery module string 70 additional charging and
  • FIG. 10 shows a flow chart of a variant of the embodiment
  • step SO a battery current and a battery cell voltage and optionally a battery cell temperature are determined.
  • step S2 from these characteristic parameters, an aging state of the measured battery cell is calculated, which in the subsequent step S3 with a predetermined maximum
  • step S4 it is determined whether the
  • step S5 Aging condition of the measured battery cell is greater than the predetermined maximum aging state. If this is not the case, a branch is made to step S5, in which it is checked whether there are any further battery cells which still have to be tested. If there are further such battery cells, a branch is made back to step S1 and the next battery cell is checked.
  • step S10 If it has been determined in step S4 that the aging state of the measured battery cell is greater than the predetermined maximum aging state, the battery cell is considered defective and proceeds to step S6, in which the defective battery cell by outputting a corresponding control signal to the coupling unit of the battery module contains the defective battery cell, from the other series-connected battery cells or
  • step S6 the
  • Battery module which contains the defective battery cell, the output bridged, so that the battery module electrically inactive and the remaining
  • Battery modules are connected in series to a single strand.
  • step S7 the disconnected defective battery cell is removed and coupled in the following step S8 a functional battery cell to the battery module with the defective battery cell.
  • step S9 the output-side bridging of the battery module is terminated by stopping the outputting of the corresponding control signal to its coupling unit and so the functioning battery cell is included again in the series connection of all battery cells of the battery.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour faire fonctionner une batterie comprenant une pluralité de modules (40, 60) montés en série. Chaque module (40, 60) possède une unité de couplage (30, 50) et au moins un élément de batterie (11) monté entre des entrées (31, 51; 32, 52) de l'unité de couplage (30, 50). Une première étape consiste à détecter un élément de batterie (11) défectueux et le module (40, 60) contenant l'élément de batterie (11) défectueux. L'élément de batterie (11) défectueux est alors désactivé par l'envoi d'un signal de commande correspondant à l'unité de couplage (30, 50) du module (40, 60) détecté, et le module (40, 60) détecté est court-circuité côté sortie. Une fois un élément de batterie (11) fonctionnel couplé au module (40, 60) détecté, le court-circuitage côté sortie du module (40, 60) est terminé. L'invention concerne également une batterie qui est conçue pour mettre en œuvre ce procédé et un véhicule à moteur équipé d'une telle batterie.
PCT/EP2011/065520 2010-09-20 2011-09-08 Procédé pour échanger des éléments de batterie pendant le fonctionnement Ceased WO2012038261A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2011800449477A CN103155224A (zh) 2010-09-20 2011-09-08 一种用于在运行期间更换蓄电池单元的方法
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DE102018128694B4 (de) 2018-11-15 2025-06-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Hochvoltspeichersystem umfassend ein Ersatzmodul als Ersatz eines defekten Hochvoltmoduls, Fahrzeug, stationärer elektrischer Energiespeicher sowie Verfahren
CN110838752B (zh) * 2019-10-26 2021-05-14 国网福建省电力有限公司邵武市供电公司 一种变电站蓄电池组的不停电排除损坏蓄电池方法

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DE102023114772A1 (de) 2023-06-06 2024-12-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Reparieren eines Batteriemoduls

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CN103155224A (zh) 2013-06-12
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