[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2012029024A1 - Circuit électrique destiné à charger une batterie - Google Patents

Circuit électrique destiné à charger une batterie Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012029024A1
WO2012029024A1 PCT/IB2011/053793 IB2011053793W WO2012029024A1 WO 2012029024 A1 WO2012029024 A1 WO 2012029024A1 IB 2011053793 W IB2011053793 W IB 2011053793W WO 2012029024 A1 WO2012029024 A1 WO 2012029024A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole
battery
connection
charging
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2011/053793
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Axel Krause
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brusa Elektronik AG
Original Assignee
Brusa Elektronik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brusa Elektronik AG filed Critical Brusa Elektronik AG
Publication of WO2012029024A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012029024A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/147—Emission reduction of noise electro magnetic [EMI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • EP10174714 filed on August 31 , 2010; the entirety of European application no. EP10174714 and of U.S. application no. 61/378,973 are expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, for all intents and purposes, as if identically set forth herein.
  • the invention relates to an electrical circuit for charging at least one battery, having a charging device which comprises an input for connecting to an AC voltage source and two battery-side output poles for providing a charging current, and having two connection poles for connecting to a battery, wherein a filter formed from a capacitor and an inductor is provided between the output poles of the charging device and the connection poles for a battery and wherein the capacitor is connected in parallel with the charging device output poles and the inductor is connected between a battery connection pole and the equivalent pole of the capacitor.
  • the invention relates in particular also to an electric vehicle, in particular an electric car having at least one load such as an auxiliary motor, e.g. for a circulating pump, having a heater, a radio, an air conditioning unit, lights, electronics or similar, and having a battery for supplying the load.
  • an auxiliary motor e.g. for a circulating pump, having a heater, a radio, an air conditioning unit, lights, electronics or similar, and having a battery for supplying the load.
  • a PFC-circuit is normally connected between the rectifier and the capacitor.
  • This is a step-up converter, which is controlled such that the current drawn from the mains supply has the same shape as the mains voltage, that is, it is sinusoidal.
  • a consumer connected to the single-phase AC mains supply does not draw a continuous level of power, but a pulsating one at double the mains frequency.
  • a sinusoidal mains voltage with an Ohmic consumer or a voltage transformer with PFC a sinusoidal mains current is produced at the input.
  • the mains power is equal to the product of current and voltage: and therefore has the temporal profile of a sine-square function. This means that the power transmitted pulsates at twice the mains frequency.
  • an example trace resulting from an Ohmic load is illustrated, which draws 16A e ff from the 230V mains.
  • EMC electromagnetic compatibility
  • FR2694144A1 discloses a charging device for a battery and its application for electric vehicles. An AC voltage is applied to the input of the charging device. The charging device further comprises a rectifier, a chopper and a transformer. An output filter has the form of a CL element. However, there is still considerable ripple expected at the output of the charging device. This ripple has a disadvantageous effect on the battery and its life-time.
  • EP564726A1 discloses a charging circuit for charging a battery from an AC source. This document shows a similar CL element as the preceding document. However, this CL filter is also not appropriate to reduce ripple in a considerable manner.
  • US20030102845A1 discloses a fast charger for high capacity batteries comprising a rectified AC input, an optional power factor corrected input and an output filter in the form of an LC element.
  • the ripple at the output has considerable values reducing the life-time of batteries.
  • US20070153560A1 discloses a portable charger with power factor correction capability for use with electric vehicles. As in the aforementioned document considerable ripple occurs at the output of the charging device.
  • Document US 7,583,056 A relates to a circuit for balancing out the charging processes in multiple batteries and discloses (in the description of the prior art) charging devices for batteries consisting of a rectifier, a filter capacitance, a switching circuit, a transformer and a rectifier.
  • a low-pass filter in the form of an LC element is connected upstream of the battery set to be charged.
  • LC elements are also provided between the actual charging device and the battery.
  • DE 19 534 174 A1 relates to a method and a device, in connection with electric vehicles, for charging a battery supplying the electric motor, which is charged up by means of a supply voltage.
  • the special features of this are that this supply voltage is smoothed using an LC element and that the inductance of the LC element is formed by the exciter coil 3 of the electric motor.
  • This document similarly to the previous one, uses an LC element connected immediately upstream of the battery to smooth the charging current. However, the electric motor either must not or cannot be switched on during the charging. Switching between charging operation and motor operation takes place by means of directional contacts.
  • DE 4 228 480 A1 does not relate to charging processes, but discloses a DC supply with a filter in combination with a mains supply unit for a tactical radio device.
  • the DC supply device supplies DC voltages which are not affected by interference sources, such as for example the interference currents occurring in the switching frequency range of the DC voltage transformer.
  • the part referred to as "LC filter” is simulated by means of a capacitively switched transistor and capacitors, that is, it is formed from coil-less means. The problem of a battery that is to be charged under simultaneous loading of the battery by a load is not discussed in this document either, however.
  • DE 69 421 408 T2 relates to the supply of current to battery operated devices, such as for example laptop computers, mobile telephones, pocket calculators, etc., and in this case primarily the conversion of the voltage output by the batteries into a voltage required by the circuit of the device.
  • Fig. 2 shows a diagram of a DC -DC converter with pulse width modulation switching regulation. At the end of the diagram a low-pass filter is provided in the form of an LC element.
  • a switching power supply unit in particular a wide-range power supply unit for supplying measurement transducers in slim construction modular housings
  • This consists of a mains rectifier, an input filter, a switching controller and a potential isolation device.
  • the input filter arrangement consists of two LC filters.
  • These LC filters only affect the supply current indirectly, since they are located on the left-hand side (upstream) of the potential isolation device. The charging of batteries while simultaneously operating under load does not form part of the subject matter of this document either.
  • the publication “Harmonics and Torque Ripple Minimization using L-C Filter for Brushless DC Motors", International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol. 2, No.
  • the ripple-shaped charging current in the prior art does not deliver sufficient energy during the entire period to operate a DC consumer attached in parallel to the battery, with the result that - as already mentioned - during the power minima of the pulsating charging current, current is drawn from the battery.
  • the object of the invention consists in overcoming these disadvantages and in providing an electrical circuit which eliminates the ripple current (also known as charging current ripple), or at least reduces it at the battery side, when a load is switched on, to the extent that when consumers are operated with powers below the charging power of the charging device, no change occurs in the direction of the current.
  • This solution is also in particular intended to be applicable to simply constructed charging devices, the weight of which is small from the outset.
  • the solution according to the invention itself is also intended to weight-saving, space- saving and inexpensive - requirements which are accorded the highest priority in automobile construction.
  • This measure means that, with appropriate design of the capacitor and the inductor, the charging current available at the battery can be made largely ripple- free, so that the frequency of the mains voltage applied to the charging device has no negative effects on the battery itself, since the charging current is now - in general - above the value of the consumer current of the load for the whole time.
  • the additional resonance capacitor forms together with the inductor a resonance filter.
  • the resonance filter may be dimensioned such, that the main ripple in the output voltage of the charging device is reduced in a considerable manner.
  • the dimension of the capacitor is adapted such, that the resonance frequency of the resonance filter matches the frequency of the main ripple component.
  • the resonance filter formed by the resonance capacitor and the inductor has a resonance frequency of essentially double the mains frequency at which the charging device is operated.
  • the essential advantage of the invention consists in the fact that consumers supplied by the battery can be switched on during the charging process without the charging current into the battery changing its sign or showing substantial rippling. This prevents a partial pulsating discharge of the battery from occurring.
  • the circuit comprises load-connection poles for connecting a load.
  • the load can be connected or coupled to the circuit at particular preferred points, which means both that the load can be supplied with DC current and the battery with correspondingly ripple-free charging current.
  • a high-impedance source subject to a ripple current is connected to a low-impedance consumer (battery).
  • the intermediate CL filter forms a current divider for the ripple frequency, so that only a small part of the ripple current gets through to the battery.
  • the essential feature of one embodiment of the invention consists in the fact that the capacitor with its two connection poles is directly connected to the charging device and at most one pole of the load is directly connected to the capacitor, while the other load pole is connected to the capacitor via an inductor (e.g. choke coil). This means that the resonance frequency of the LC combination is significantly less than double the mains frequency.
  • the charging device itself can have a potential isolation device or not, however a PFC function (as is always implemented also) is of great advantage. Furthermore, the charging device either contains no, or very low, energy storage; hence it transmits the supplied mains power directly and therefore supplies an output current which behaves according to a sin 2 - function at double the mains frequency (thus, 100Hz or 120Hz). The minimum requirement on the charging device is to provide a charging current, that is to say a current, which does not change its sign over time.
  • both the CL filters according to the invention and the charging device are integrated into the electric vehicle and preferably represent a constructional unit.
  • the "load” is an additional consumer in parallel to the battery (which of course for the charging device represents the main load).
  • This "load” can be a motor (e.g. for driving a coolant compressor), a heater, a fan, radio, GPS device, computer, headlight, interior lights, etc..
  • connection pole refers not only to a physical connection in the sense of a mating plug connection or the like, but as well as the meaning of joining together it also includes the meanings of input, output, pole, conductor, connection, etc.
  • the item between the part referred to as a charging device and the filter formed from the inductor and capacitor can be a fixed connection or a constructional unit.
  • batteries are battery sets, consisting of multiple batteries connected together, accumulators and the like.
  • the resonance filter formed by the resonance capacitor has a resonance frequency of essentially double the mains frequency at which the charging device is operated.
  • the result is a resonance frequency of essentially 100 Hz.
  • the resonance frequency is set to essentially 120Hz.
  • the battery connection poles also act as the load connection poles at the same time.
  • the load connection poles are linked to the poles of the capacitor, which means that the load current does not go through the filter.
  • the filter inductor can be dimensioned smaller and lighter.
  • one of the load connection poles coincides with the equivalent battery connection pole and the other load connection pole is linked to the pole of the capacitor to which the inductor is connected. This prevents the load current from going through the filter.
  • a capacitor is connected in parallel to the load.
  • the charging device comprises a rectifier, so that a charging current is provided in a straightforward manner at the output poles without changes of sign.
  • the output of the rectifier acts simultaneously as the input of the filter formed by the capacitor and the inductor.
  • the charging device comprises a power-factor correction circuit.
  • the charging comprises a potential isolation device, preferably consisting of a PWM DC-AC converter, a transformer and a rectifier.
  • no branching is provided in parallel with the battery connection poles between the inductor and the battery connection pole connected to the inductor. Such an embodiment can then be used if the filter is hard-wired to the battery.
  • the inductor is a choke.
  • the charging device and the filter formed from the capacitor or capacitors and the inductor represents a constructional unit, which simplifies installation and replacement and minimises weight.
  • a battery is connected to the battery connection poles and a load, such as for example a motor, a heater, a radio, an air conditioning unit, a computer controller, a light source or similar is connected to the load connection poles.
  • a load such as for example a motor, a heater, a radio, an air conditioning unit, a computer controller, a light source or similar is connected to the load connection poles.
  • a vehicle according to the invention in particular a car, is characterized in that the vehicle has an electrical circuit according to the invention, and that the battery is connected to the battery connection poles and the load to the load connection poles.
  • the invention is particularly suited to two-phase charging devices, since with three phases no ripple typically occurs.
  • the circuit according to the invention eliminates the ripple current at the output of the charging devices; regardless of this, the regulations for the harmonics at the mains input must be observed.
  • Fig.1 - a voltage supply for a load consisting of a rectifier according to the prior art
  • Fig.2 - a voltage supply as in Fig. 1 with an additional PFC circuit
  • FIG.4 - a charging device for a battery according to the prior art
  • Fig.7 - a circuit according to the invention with a CL filter
  • FIG.9 - a circuit according to the invention with a resonant CLC filter
  • Fig.14 the trace of the charging current of a circuit according to Fig. 10 before and after the filter, or with and without filter with no load at high charging current
  • Fig.15 the trace of the charging current of a circuit according to Fig. 10 with and without filter at low charging current with load
  • Fig.16 the amplitude ratio and the phase angle of a 100 Hz filter as a function of the frequency of a circuit according to Fig. 7.
  • Fig. 17 the frequency-dependent amplitude ratio in a comparison of two different circuits.
  • Fig.18 - a vehicle according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a charging device according to the prior art consisting of a rectifier and a capacitor connected in parallel with the load.
  • Figure 2 shows an improved charging device with a PFC-circuit.
  • Fig. 3 shows the temporal trace of the mains voltage and the mains currents of both circuits.
  • the PFC circuit causes the current drawn by the mains to have the same profile as the mains voltage, that is, it is sinusoidal.
  • the short pulses, which contain many harmonics, have disappeared.
  • Figure 4 shows a further improved charging device, which in addition to the PFC circuit also comprises a potential isolation device. This consists of a PWM DC- AC converter, a transformer and a rectifier.
  • Figure 5 shows the temporal trace of the mains voltage, the instantaneous power, the mean power and the mains current.
  • Figure 6 shows the charging current obtained therefrom with a charging device according to the prior art, which displays a sin 2 function, hence a frequency of 100 Hz (at a mains voltage of 50 Hz). The charging current shown in Figure 6 is now the starting point for the invention and is to be further conditioned.
  • Figure 7 shows a possible circuit 1 to partially overcome the problems arising from the charging devices of Figs. 1 to 6, the circuit 1 having an input 2 for connecting an AC voltage source U N , a charging device 3 with two battery-side output poles 4a, 4b for providing a charging current, a filter consisting of a capacitor or capacitance C1 and a choke coil or inductor L, and having connection poles for a battery 8, which serves to supply a consumer or load 9. The filter serves to condition the charging current coming from the charging device 3.
  • the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the charging device output poles 4a, 4b, i.e. when a charging device 3 is connected, the capacitor C1 is in parallel with the charging device 3.
  • the inductor L is connected between a battery connection pole 6a and one pole of the capacitor C1 .
  • the inductor L connects equivalent poles of battery 8 and capacitor C1 , and is thus connected serially between charging device 3 and battery 8, or battery connection poles. In the embodiment shown, apart from the inductor L there are no further electrical components located between the battery connection pole 6a and the pole of the capacitor C1 .
  • the invention is characterized in particular by the special sequence of its components: charging device - capacitor - inductor - connection poles for the battery.
  • the circuit comprises load connection poles 7a, 7b for connecting to a consumer or load 9.
  • no branching is provided in parallel with the battery connection poles 6a, 6b between the inductor L and the battery connection pole 6a connected to the inductor L.
  • FIG. 12 shows the behaviour of such a circuit when a consumer is switched on at the same time.
  • the unfiltered current is shown, that is to say without the filter formed from the capacitor and the inductor. This can become negative when a consumer (load) is switched on at the same time, which leads to premature ageing of the battery.
  • the charging current in Figure 12 labelled as battery current
  • Figure 16 illustrates the effect of a CL filter according to Figure 7.
  • Figure 8 shows another solution, in which the load 9 is applied directly to the poles of the capacitor C1 .
  • This measure means that the filter (in particular the choke) is dimensioned for smaller currents, since the load current no longer goes through the filter.
  • Figure 9 shows a circuit according to the invention, in which a resonance capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the inductor L.
  • the ripple with is filtered by the CL filter according to Fig. 7 is further reduced by the resonance capacitor C2 of Fig. 9 forming - together with the inductor L - a specially dimensioned resonance filter.
  • the resonance filter has a resonance frequency corresponding to the double of the mains frequency of the AC source, since the main ripple component arises from that AC frequency.
  • the resonance filter formed by the resonance capacitor C2 preferably has a resonance frequency of essentially 100 Hz. This resonance filter then has the effect that the frequency which represents the main component of the current ripple is prevented from reaching the battery.
  • Figure 13 shows the effect of such a filter, wherein the charging current here entering the battery (in Figure 13 labelled as battery current) is constant over time, regardless of whether a load 9 has just been switched on or not.
  • Figure 17 clearly reveals the advantages of the invention. There is an enormous reduction in the ripple output/input ratio, particularly in the region of the resonance frequency of the inventive resonance filter.
  • Figure 10 shows, as a continuation of Figure 9, a further variant of the invention in which it is not the case that both of the battery connection poles 6a, 6b coincide with the load connection poles 7a, 7b.
  • one of the load connection poles 7b coincides with the equivalent battery connection pole 6b, while the other load connection pole 7a is attached to the pole of the capacitor C1 to which the inductor L is connected. This is a case, so to speak, of a filter with a tap for the load connection.
  • Figure 14 shows that at high values, the charging current entering the battery only has a reduced ripple, since the effect of the filter is reduced by the saturation of the choke.
  • the charging current is substantially constant. In neither case however does a change of the sign of the charging current take place.
  • Fig. 1 1 shows an extension of Fig. 10, by a capacitor C3 being connected in parallel with the load 9. This advantageously ensures a further smoothing of the load current.
  • the capacitor C1 can be dimensioned correspondingly smaller, if it is guaranteed that the capacitor C3 (e.g. integrated in the load) is always connected.
  • Figure 18 shows the application of the invention in a vehicle, e.g. a car.
  • a vehicle e.g. a car.
  • multiple consumers or loads 9 can be connected to a circuit 1 according to the invention, or to the battery 8.
  • a circuit 1 according to the invention, or to the battery 8.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un circuit électrique (1) destiné à charger au moins une batterie (8), présentant un dispositif de chargement (3) comprenant une entrée (2) destinée à être connectée à une source de tension alternative et deux pôles de sortie côté batterie (4a, 4b) destinés à fournir un courant de chargement, et présentant deux pôles de connexion (6a, 6b) destinés à être connectés à une batterie (8), un filtre formé à partir d'un condensateur (C1) et d'une bobine d'induction (L) étant disposé entre les pôles de sortie (4a, 4b) du dispositif de chargement (3) et les pôles de connexion (6a, 6b) pour une batterie (8). Pour réduire la charge sur la batterie et pour étendre sa durée de vie, le condensateur (C1) est connecté en parallèle aux pôles de sortie (4a, 4b) du dispositif de chargement et la bobine d'induction (L) est connectée entre un pôle de connexion de batterie (6a) et le pôle équivalent du condensateur (C1). De plus, un condensateur à résonance (C2) est connecté en parallèle à la bobine d'induction (L).
PCT/IB2011/053793 2010-08-31 2011-08-30 Circuit électrique destiné à charger une batterie Ceased WO2012029024A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10174714 2010-08-31
EP10174714.5 2010-08-31
US37897310P 2010-09-01 2010-09-01
US61/378,973 2010-09-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012029024A1 true WO2012029024A1 (fr) 2012-03-08

Family

ID=44121538

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2011/053793 Ceased WO2012029024A1 (fr) 2010-08-31 2011-08-30 Circuit électrique destiné à charger une batterie

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2012029024A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105099135A (zh) * 2014-05-09 2015-11-25 株式会社村田制作所 电压平滑化电路、电压变换电路及控制电压的方法
EP2874268A4 (fr) * 2012-07-11 2016-03-30 Toyota Jidoshokki Kk Dispositif de réception de puissance et système de transfert de puissance
GB2540750A (en) * 2015-07-21 2017-02-01 Dyson Technology Ltd Power supply
GB2540752A (en) * 2015-07-21 2017-02-01 Dyson Technology Ltd Battery charger

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4916380A (en) * 1989-02-27 1990-04-10 Honeywell Inc. Regulated switching power supply with complex output filter
US4937719A (en) * 1988-08-29 1990-06-26 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Resonance damping apparatus for LC filter of power converter
EP0564726A1 (fr) 1992-04-03 1993-10-13 Tai-Her Yang Circuit de charge du type à convertisseur différentiel
FR2694144A1 (fr) 1992-07-22 1994-01-28 Enertronic Sa Convertisseur pour charge réversible.
DE4228480A1 (de) 1992-08-27 1994-03-03 Sel Alcatel Ag Gleichstrom-Versorgung mit LC-Filter
DE19534174A1 (de) 1995-09-14 1997-03-20 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Laden einer einen Elektromotor versorgenden Batterie
DE69421408T2 (de) 1993-09-30 2000-07-13 National Semiconductor Corp., Santa Clara Einrichtung und verfahren fuer zwei-moden-gleichstrom-leistungsumwandlung
US20030102845A1 (en) 2001-11-02 2003-06-05 Aker John F. Fast charger for high capacity batteries
DE202006010911U1 (de) 2006-07-14 2006-09-21 Knick Elektronische Messgeräte GmbH & Co. KG Schaltnetzteil, insbesondere Weltbereichsnetzteil für Messumformer
US20070153560A1 (en) 2005-12-29 2007-07-05 Byd Company Limited Portable chargers for use with electric vehicles
US7583056B2 (en) 2005-11-09 2009-09-01 Sino-American Electronic Co., Ltd. Intelligent equalizing battery charger having equalization charging circuitry

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4937719A (en) * 1988-08-29 1990-06-26 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Resonance damping apparatus for LC filter of power converter
US4916380A (en) * 1989-02-27 1990-04-10 Honeywell Inc. Regulated switching power supply with complex output filter
EP0564726A1 (fr) 1992-04-03 1993-10-13 Tai-Her Yang Circuit de charge du type à convertisseur différentiel
FR2694144A1 (fr) 1992-07-22 1994-01-28 Enertronic Sa Convertisseur pour charge réversible.
DE4228480A1 (de) 1992-08-27 1994-03-03 Sel Alcatel Ag Gleichstrom-Versorgung mit LC-Filter
DE69421408T2 (de) 1993-09-30 2000-07-13 National Semiconductor Corp., Santa Clara Einrichtung und verfahren fuer zwei-moden-gleichstrom-leistungsumwandlung
DE19534174A1 (de) 1995-09-14 1997-03-20 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Laden einer einen Elektromotor versorgenden Batterie
US20030102845A1 (en) 2001-11-02 2003-06-05 Aker John F. Fast charger for high capacity batteries
US7583056B2 (en) 2005-11-09 2009-09-01 Sino-American Electronic Co., Ltd. Intelligent equalizing battery charger having equalization charging circuitry
US20070153560A1 (en) 2005-12-29 2007-07-05 Byd Company Limited Portable chargers for use with electric vehicles
DE202006010911U1 (de) 2006-07-14 2006-09-21 Knick Elektronische Messgeräte GmbH & Co. KG Schaltnetzteil, insbesondere Weltbereichsnetzteil für Messumformer

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Harmonics and Torque Ripple Minimization using L-C Filter for Brushless DC Motors", INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RECENT TRENDS IN ENGINEERING, vol. 2, no. 5, 2009

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2874268A4 (fr) * 2012-07-11 2016-03-30 Toyota Jidoshokki Kk Dispositif de réception de puissance et système de transfert de puissance
CN105099135A (zh) * 2014-05-09 2015-11-25 株式会社村田制作所 电压平滑化电路、电压变换电路及控制电压的方法
CN105099135B (zh) * 2014-05-09 2018-01-16 株式会社村田制作所 电压平滑化电路、电压变换电路及控制电压的方法
GB2540750A (en) * 2015-07-21 2017-02-01 Dyson Technology Ltd Power supply
GB2540752A (en) * 2015-07-21 2017-02-01 Dyson Technology Ltd Battery charger
WO2017013392A3 (fr) * 2015-07-21 2017-05-04 Dyson Technology Limited Bloc d'alimentation
GB2557443A (en) * 2015-07-21 2018-06-20 Dyson Technology Ltd Battery charger
GB2557444A (en) * 2015-07-21 2018-06-20 Dyson Technology Ltd Battery charger
GB2540750B (en) * 2015-07-21 2019-04-17 Dyson Technology Ltd Power supply
GB2540752B (en) * 2015-07-21 2019-07-10 Dyson Technology Ltd Battery charger
GB2557444B (en) * 2015-07-21 2019-07-10 Dyson Technology Ltd Battery charger
GB2557443B (en) * 2015-07-21 2019-07-10 Dyson Technology Ltd Battery charger

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8912750B2 (en) Charger
KR102565896B1 (ko) 전기 또는 하이브리드 차량용 전기 충전 시스템
US10461553B2 (en) Power source device
JP6075462B2 (ja) 力率改善回路
JP2016149921A (ja) 電気自動車の充電システム
CN112636577A (zh) 兼容单相和三相交流输入的pfc电路、控制方法及充电机
KR101583881B1 (ko) 배터리용 충전 제어 장치 및 방법
US11396241B2 (en) Power converter controlled capacitor circuits and methods
US9270192B2 (en) Variable speed drive provided with a supercapacitor module
KR20180137056A (ko) Llc 컨버터 제어 장치
EP3171500A1 (fr) Dispositif d'alimentation électrique
KR20210018598A (ko) 차량용 전력 변환 시스템 및 그 제어 방법
JP5010645B2 (ja) 電気車制御装置
CN108270348A (zh) 数字充电机的直流输出低频纹波抑制电路及其控制方法
WO2012029024A1 (fr) Circuit électrique destiné à charger une batterie
KR101191738B1 (ko) 전력 변환 장치
JP6156575B2 (ja) パワーコンディショナおよびその制御方法
JP6642119B2 (ja) 充電器
US10150372B2 (en) Power factor improving circuit and charger for vehicles employing the same
EP2800263A1 (fr) Dispositif d'alimentation à découpage et conditionneur d'air
US9325201B1 (en) High-power charging devices for charging energy-storage devices
KR20230014953A (ko) 충전 장치
CN108141138A (zh) 电力转换装置
Sharma et al. A Bidirectional Electric Vehicle Charger for Wide Output Voltage Range Application
KR101937013B1 (ko) 역률 개선 컨버터

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 11764306

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 11764306

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1