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WO2012016754A1 - Dispositif de martelage à aiguille pour réaliser le traitement de surface local de pièces - Google Patents

Dispositif de martelage à aiguille pour réaliser le traitement de surface local de pièces Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012016754A1
WO2012016754A1 PCT/EP2011/060267 EP2011060267W WO2012016754A1 WO 2012016754 A1 WO2012016754 A1 WO 2012016754A1 EP 2011060267 W EP2011060267 W EP 2011060267W WO 2012016754 A1 WO2012016754 A1 WO 2012016754A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
needle
needler
carrier
housing
needles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2011/060267
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Janne Ehrl
Holger Polanetzki
Thomas Dautl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTU Aero Engines AG
Original Assignee
MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102010024892A external-priority patent/DE102010024892A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102010024891A external-priority patent/DE102010024891A1/de
Priority claimed from EP10189745A external-priority patent/EP2450155A1/fr
Application filed by MTU Aero Engines GmbH filed Critical MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Publication of WO2012016754A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012016754A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/02—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously of the tool-carrier piston type, i.e. in which the tool is connected to an impulse member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
    • B23P9/04—Treating or finishing by hammering or applying repeated pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D16/00—Portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/06—Hammer pistons; Anvils ; Guide-sleeves for pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/16—Valve arrangements therefor
    • B25D9/20—Valve arrangements therefor involving a tubular-type slide valve
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2209/00—Details of portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D2209/005—Details of portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously having a tubular-slide valve, which is coaxial with the piston
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/275—Tools having at least two similar components
    • B25D2250/285—Tools having three or more similar components, e.g. three motors
    • B25D2250/291—Tools having three or more parallel bits, e.g. needle guns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a needler for local surface treatment, in particular solidification, of components, and a method for local surface treatment, in particular solidification, of components, in particular components of an aircraft engine, by means of such a needler.
  • DE 34 42 089 C1 discloses a needler in which a plurality of needles guided in a carrier are individually accelerated electromagnetically against a component surface to imitate shot peening.
  • the carrier is fastened to a housing via elastomeric oscillating elements, so that it makes an oscillating translational movement with respect to it when subjected to a circulating electromagnetic field in order to achieve an overlap of the sewing points when the housing guided by a robot moves relative to the component in the same Position is fixed.
  • This robot guide which is required due to the only slight variation of Nadelauf Economics for processing larger or spaced surface areas and to support the oscillation movement is opposed to a mobile use.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the local surface treatment of components and in particular to reduce at least one of the abovementioned disadvantages.
  • a needle according to the invention is used for local surface treatment, in particular solidification, of components by imitating a jet, in particular shot peening process, by guided needles accelerated onto the surface.
  • a needler according to the invention becomes a local, i. limited to specified surface areas, surface treatment, in particular solidification, used by components of turbomachinery. It is particularly suitable for the surface treatment of blades and / or flow channels of pumps, compressors and turbines, preferably aircraft engines.
  • components of an aircraft engine, in particular guide vanes or rotor blades and / or a blade carrier can be processed.
  • a needler comprises a mono- or multi-part carrier with one or more needle channels in which or in each case a needle is guided displaceably in a needle direction.
  • the needle each defines a piston space, which is enlarged by a movement of the needle in the needle direction, and an opposing piston space, which is reduced by a movement of the needle in the needle direction.
  • a passage fluidly connects the respective piston chamber with a pressure reservoir in which, at least during operation, a gas, preferably air, or a liquid is stored under pressure over the environment or a sub-reservoir.
  • the carrier has several needles, several, preferably all, needle channels can be connected by passages to the same pressure reservoir. Likewise, however, one or more needle channels may be connected to a first pressure reservoir and one or more other needle channels may be connected to a second pressure reservoir.
  • a control valve device is switchable, preferably by a movement of a needle in the needle direction, from a state in which the respective piston chamber communicates fluidically with the pressure reservoir, into a state in which it blocks the passage.
  • the control valve device can also be switched to a state in which the piston chamber communicates fluidically with the environment or a vacuum reservoir.
  • the overpressure of the pressure reservoir is present in the piston chamber. This drives the needle in needle direction on the surface to be machined. If, preferably before a complete needle stroke in the needle direction, which may be limited in particular form-fitting by a stop, the control valve device, preferably automatically by this movement of the needle, the passage blocks, increases in inertia-related further movement of the needle, the piston chamber on, so that the driving Pressure in the now preferably at least substantially closed piston chamber decreases.
  • control valve device preferably automatically by the further movement of the needle fluidly connects the piston chamber with the environment or a sub-reservoir, eliminates the driving force and the needle beats essentially in the free flight on the surface to be machined and can spring back substantially unattenuated, which imitates the shot peening process particularly well.
  • the movement of the needle in the needle direction reduces the counter-piston space. This can be completed so that a gas trapped in it, preferably air, is compressed and imposes a restoring force which increases with the movement in the needle direction on the needle, which seeks to reset it counter to the direction of the needle.
  • a karten execution communicates the opposing piston chamber with a pressure reservoir, preferably the pressure reservoir, with which the piston chamber is connected.
  • the opposing piston space can be fluidly arranged between the pressure reservoir and the controUventil nails, so that it is not separated by the switching of the pressure reservoir.
  • the opposing piston space surrounds the needle as an annular space. In this way, a substantially constant restoring force can be impressed on the needle.
  • the needle-urging force imparting the piston space communicating with the pressure reservoir on the needle exceeds the opposite restoring force imposed on the needle by the opposing piston space.
  • the projection perpendicular to the needle direction of the pressurized displaceable surface of the piston chamber can be made larger than the corresponding projection of the opposing piston space. Communicating the opposing piston space and, preferably through the opposing piston space, the piston chamber with the same pressure reservoir, thus resulting in a resultant that moves the needle in the needle direction.
  • a lower pressure may also be impressed in the opposing piston space, for example by the counter-piston space communicating with a pressure reservoir having a lower pressure.
  • the controUventil novelty is switched by a movement of the needle in the needle direction.
  • This can be done by control technology, in particular by appropriate control of an electronically actuated controUventilinnate.
  • the KontroUventil raised is mechanically switched by a movement of the needle in the needle direction.
  • the controUventil raised may have a slide valve.
  • a sliding valve is understood in particular to mean an arrangement having a movable part which, depending on the position, blocks or opens a flow.
  • the passage comprises a hole in the needle.
  • an opening of this bore with the pressure reservoir, preferably with the opposing piston space, communicating or be closed against fluidic by the opening through the needle channel, preferably a heel in the needle channel is covered.
  • Training further communicates the bore in a position located in the needle direction further forward positions with the environment or a vacuum reservoir by the needle channel, in particular a paragraph, the opening releases in this position again.
  • a riot detection device is provided, with which it can be detected whether the needle is placed on a surface.
  • a sensor in particular a pressure sensor, such as a piezoelectric sensor, and / or, in particular optical, distance sensor can be arranged in particular in a contact surface of the needler for placement on a surface detected due to a detected pressure or vanishing distance that the needle is attached.
  • the riot detection device locks, in particular mechanically and / or control technology, a passage, preferably all passages, when the needle is not placed on a surface. As a result, unintentional needling can be avoided.
  • an impact detection device is provided, with which it can be detected whether a needle, preferably all needles, impinge on a surface.
  • the stroke of the respective needle can be detected - this is less than a complete needle stroke, it is detected that the needle is hit in its movement in the needle direction on the surface.
  • the pressure in the piston chamber is detected to detect whether a needle strikes a surface. This changes, as described above, with the movement of the needle, so that from the detected pressure change, the movement of the needle can be determined.
  • the frequency with which the pressure oscillates in the piston chamber is detected and compared with a predetermined range, which is preferably predetermined as a function of the pressure in the pressure reservoir. If the detected frequency is within the predetermined range, an impact of the needle on a surface is detected.
  • a control device is provided with which the movement of the needle in the needle direction can be controlled.
  • a regulation ie the specification of a manipulated variable taking into account a recirculated actual variable, is referred to as the controller.
  • a predetermined pressure in the pressure reservoir can be set by the control device, which in turn influences the movement of the needle (s) as a driving force.
  • the carrier has two or more needle channels, in which a needle in each case in the manner described above is displaceably guided in a needle direction and by the pressure in the limited by the needle piston space and piston chamber in or . is moved counter to the needle direction.
  • the needles can be moved in a self-regulating and independent manner in and against the needle direction. This advantageously also makes it possible, in particular, to machine uneven surfaces.
  • a rotating device for rotating the carrier relative to a housing of the needling device for displacing a Nadelauf Economicslys on the surface may be provided.
  • the carrier may be tiltably mounted about a tilt axis perpendicular to the needle direction relative to the housing.
  • the needle direction against the Aufstandsnormale or a tool axis of the needle in particular against a rotational axis of a rotating device for rotation of the carrier relative to a housing, can be tilted variable.
  • such a tilt or skew can also be fixed, in particular structurally determined, i. E.
  • the carrier relative to the housing be arranged so that the needle direction against the Aufstandsnormale or tool axis of the needle, in particular against a rotational axis of a rotating device for rotation of the carrier relative to the housing, a fixed angle.
  • This fixed angle or a maximum displacement angle of a tiltably mounted carrier is in an advantageous development of at most 30 °, preferably at most 25 °.
  • a needler comprises one or more needles, which are connected by a mono- or multi-part carrier are guided so that they are movable relative to this in each case in a needle direction against a surface to be machined.
  • an acceleration device one, several or all needles can be moved individually, coupled or moved together in the needle direction.
  • needles In order to move needles together, they can be detachably or non-detachably connected, in particular via a common flange. You can, for example, welded to the flange, soldered, caulked, screwed, glued or integrally formed with the flange.
  • two or more, in particular all needles can be moved in a coupled manner in terms of control technology.
  • electric motors or magnets which move different needles in the needle direction may in particular be coupled in terms of control such that these needles are moved synchronously or in a predetermined sequence, for example offset in the needle direction.
  • two or more, in particular all needles can be moved magnetically, pneumatically, hydraulically and / or mechanically coupled.
  • Mechanically moved needles may be coupled, for example, via appropriate mechanisms, such as gear, linkage, scenes and the like. In particular, they can be stored individually and acted upon simultaneously or in a predetermined sequence by a piston of the accelerating device.
  • needles are pneumatically moved by the same pressure reservoir in the needle direction.
  • Needles may, for example, be moved directly, preferably via a flexible membrane, which is deformed by the pressure reservoir in the needle direction, or by one or more pneumatically moved pistons in the needle direction.
  • a piston or a membrane can be coupled with one or more of these or be decoupled from them in such a way that it only carries the needle (s) in the direction of the needle and disengages in a movement counter to the direction of the needle.
  • a piston arranged in the needle direction in front of a piston and by this frontally displaceable limited piston chamber or, in particular mit- or successively, several such piston chambers by a control valve device either with a pressure reservoir connectable or separable from this.
  • a control valve device either with a pressure reservoir connectable or separable from this.
  • one or more piston chambers can also be released for venting, for example with the environment or a vacuum reservoir are connected.
  • one or more opposing piston chambers can be connected to a pressure reservoir in order to reset the piston or pistons counter to the needle direction.
  • a pressure chamber which is connected by means of a control valve device either with a pressure reservoir or separable from this and preferably with the environment or a vacuum reservoir is provided, which is sealed against the needles by a flexible membrane, due to a Overpressure in the pressure chamber accelerates the needles in the needle direction.
  • the carrier is mounted on a single or multi-part housing of the needler, which is preferably designed for mounting the housing on the surface to be processed.
  • the housing may preferably have correspondingly formed contact surfaces, which ensure a statically stable seating, for example, by three non-collinear contact points or three non-collinear, in particular convex, contact surfaces, and / or the shape of the surface to be machined, for example by a complementary geometry - are fitted.
  • the contact surfaces on each other in corners intersecting edges for example, by forming a total of three, four or polygonal outer contour, so as to achieve a higher stability against lateral tilting.
  • contact surfaces can have a surface which is to be machined in the touchdown area, in particular a soft, material.
  • the entire outer contour of the needle or a part of this can be made of plastic, for example, by the corresponding parts, such as the housing, made of plastic or clad with a plastic skin.
  • one or more sliding bearings of the housing may be provided for arranging on the component to be machined in a preferred embodiment.
  • a sliding bearing can advantageously, for example, as a ring attached to the housing, be exchangeable to be replaced when worn or depending on the component surface against another sliding bearing.
  • a plug-in, latching, screw or adhesive connection between the housing and slide bearing can be provided.
  • one or more rolling, in particular ball bearings may be provided on the housing, in order to arrange the housing in a gentle and displaceable manner on a component to be machined.
  • the needler can be formed and used in a preferred embodiment as a handheld device.
  • a rotation means for rotating the carrier relative to the housing is provided to displace the needle impact point (s) on the surface.
  • the rotating device allows a rotation of at least 180 °, preferably at least 360 ° and more preferably unrestricted revolutions about an axis of rotation, preferably only in one direction of rotation or in both directions of rotation.
  • the needle direction of at least one, preferably all, needles according to the invention has at least one component which is aligned parallel to this axis of rotation of the carrier relative to the housing. Preferably, this is the only component of the needle direction (s), so that these - at least substantially - are aligned parallel to the axis of rotation or are.
  • a predetermined processing can take place largely independently of a guidance by the operator, in that the operator places the housing on the surface and rotates through the rotating device Rotation of the carrier under repeated, in particular coupled with this rotation movement of the needle (s) in the needle direction realized a desired processing pattern.
  • the impact points of the needle (s) on the surface are advantageously varied. In a preferred embodiment, such a hit image can be generated, which comes close to a shot peening process with stochastically varying impact points. In order to vary the impact even more, it can be provided that the movement in the needle direction and the rotational movement takes place independently of each other.
  • the hit image can be set almost arbitrarily, for example, by appropriate coupling of rotational movement and movement in the needle direction and / or guidance of a plurality of needles by the carrier, in particular in a predetermined matrix.
  • the matrix can be designed, for example, such that the impact points of several or all needles in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation unevenly, in particular stochastically, or evenly, in particular equidistant, are distributed, for example, on one or more radial beams that can be perpendicular to the axis of rotation, one or more spirals, preferably through the axis of rotation, or checkered on each other preferably perpendicularly intersecting lines.
  • the matrix, the synchronization of the movements of different needles in the needle direction and / or the, preferably herewith coupled, rotation of the carrier can preferably be varied or adjusted so as to realize, for example, different processing patterns, overlapping degrees or processing depths.
  • the carrier may also be moved (electro) by motor, (electro) magnetically, pneumatically, hydraulically and / or mechanically, i. be rotated against the housing.
  • needle and carrier drives can be control-technically, magnetically, pneumatically, hydraulically and / or mechanically coupled.
  • a control valve device is switched by the rotation of the electromotive moving carrier relative to the housing and actuates so pneumatically or hydraulically needles.
  • a slotted guide is provided which, with a rotation of the support a piston, for example, against a mechanical or pneumatic spring, biases or releases, so that it accelerates under relaxation of this bias in the needle direction and coupled to him or from him decoupled, accelerated only after exhaustion of a game in the needle direction mitbewegten needles.
  • a return device for returning a needle counter to the needle direction is provided in a preferred embodiment.
  • Such a restoring device can be realized, for example, by the accelerating device by being acted upon in the opposite direction (electro) by motor, (electro) magnetically, pneumatically, hydraulically and / or mechanically and thus counteract the needles coupled with it resets the needle direction by about electromagnets operated in opposite directions, a piston chamber separated from the pressure reservoir and / or connected to a vacuum reservoir, a piston chamber counteracting piston chamber pneumatically or hydraulically, preferably by the control valve device, acted upon, and / or a piston through a slotted guide against the needle direction is moved.
  • a separate return device may include, for example, spring means biasing the needles against the needle direction. This is particularly advantageous when the needles are decoupled from the accelerator, i. be guided by this only in the needle direction.
  • the return device comprises - preferably in addition to a separation of piston chambers from a pressure reservoir, connecting these piston chambers with a vacuum reservoir and / or of opposing piston chambers with a pressure reservoir - a mechanical link or forced operation, which resets the needles against the needle direction.
  • the needle drive need not overcome any corresponding restoring forces. It can thus realize larger accelerations or equal accelerations with a smaller size with the same size.
  • one or more, in particular all needles have a, preferably rounded, needle point, which may be integrally formed with the respective needle, in particular urgeformt, reshaped, machined or connected to it by, for example, a ball, as well as to Shot peening is used, welded, soldered, plugged, glued or sintered.
  • needles are individually or jointly, for example connected via a flange, mounted in a sliding bearing on the carrier.
  • the plain bearing can be provided, for example, by one or more sockets, which are connected to the carrier, such as bronze.
  • a steel or plastic component of the carrier may be provided with one or more corresponding holes, whereby steel has the advantage of better heat dissipation. Resistant to plastic, the advantage of better lubricity or reduced friction can result.
  • one or more, in particular all needles are individually or jointly releasably connected to the accelerator.
  • needles which are differently formed, for example, in terms of their shape and / or their material and / or arranged in different matrices, depending on the surface to be machined a suitable one of these flanges is selected.
  • one or more, in particular all needles can be connected to the accelerating device individually or jointly.
  • a flange to which the needles are attached be pivotally connected to the accelerator, wherein preferably one or more joints can be locked in different positions.
  • undercut surfaces can be processed, wherein in at least one joint (e) position at least one needle direction has a component which is aligned at least substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the wearer.
  • the accelerating device in order to optimally process uneven, inclined or undercut surfaces even with needles rigidly connected to a flange, in addition to or as an alternative to a releasable and / or articulated connection of the needles to the accelerating device, the accelerating device as a whole, i. together with the needles moved by it, releasably and / or hingedly connected to the housing.
  • An accelerator detachably connected to the housing advantageously allows the replacement of the housing, for example against one with another contact surface adapted for machining other surfaces, or the accelerating means, for example one with higher acceleration capability, another movement stroke and / or another needle matrix.
  • An articulating or pivotably connected to the housing accelerating device advantageously allows adjustment of the needle direction relative to a contact surface of the housing.
  • the accelerator like a hinged shaft, can be tilted or pivoted relative to a normal to the plane through the contact surface (s) or points of the housing, ie, include different angles with that normal.
  • the accelerating device is fixable or lockable in one or more positions relative to the housing.
  • an unlocked accelerator may self-adjust when machining uneven or sloped surfaces.
  • a needle direction then has a component that is aligned at least substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the carrier.
  • the needle direction - at least substantially - parallel to the axis of rotation of the carrier.
  • the rotating device can have a single-stage or multistage transmission, in particular a gear transmission, in order to realize a desired speed of rotation of the carrier relative to the housing and, in an advantageous development in which rotational movement and movement in the needle direction are coupled, a corresponding acceleration in the needle direction.
  • the rotation of the carrier allows the needles to impinge in a different position on the next impact.
  • the multi-part carrier has a rotatable relative to the housing base and a rotatable relative to the base and preferably in this eccentrically mounted rotary member, wherein preferably at least one of these rotations is effected by the rotary device.
  • the needles are then preferably guided by the rotary member, so that their matrix performs a rotation relative to the base and a rotation thereof superimposed against the housing and thus causes a more advantageous target image.
  • One of these axes of rotation of base and rotary part then forms an axis of rotation, according to the invention at least one component of a needle direction is parallel, preferably the axes of rotation of the base relative to the housing and the rotary member relative to the base - at least substantially - are parallel.
  • a needler preferably has a testing device for testing the component surface.
  • This can be, for example, an image acquisition and / or a lighting device and is preferably designed to carry out an examination of the component surface in situ, that is to say with an attached needler, in particular during a processing of the surface by the latter.
  • the test device can automatically take in predetermined, preferably adjustable, periods, such as time periods or Nadelh Claus, an image of the surface and evaluate this in a preferred development.
  • a needler according to the invention comprises a one-part or multi-part guide body, preferably of a heavier material, such as especially metal, on.
  • a needler comprises a one-part or multi-part guide body, preferably of a heavier material, such as especially metal, on.
  • the guide body one or preferably a plurality of needle channels are formed.
  • these needle channels are arranged in a predetermined matrix, in particular stochastic, concentric, radial, grid-like or sprial-shaped.
  • the needle channel or channels communicate with a fluid reservoir, which in a preferred embodiment contains a liquid, in particular a hydraulic fluid such as a hydraulic oil. Additionally or alternatively, it may also contain a gas.
  • a fluid reservoir which in a preferred embodiment contains a liquid, in particular a hydraulic fluid such as a hydraulic oil. Additionally or alternatively, it may also contain a gas.
  • a needle channel has a constant cross-section and opens into the fluid reservoir.
  • the fluid communication between fluid reservoir and needle channel can be influenced.
  • a diaphragm or an inlet nozzle, in particular a bevel may be provided at the mouth of a needle channel to the fluid reservoir.
  • Needle channels can also be closed in a blind, ie needle-free, fluid-tight manner to vary the needle matrix.
  • a fluid-tight, axially displaceable guide can in particular have one or more elastic sealing elements, in particular O-rings, stripping, in particular brush seals and / or labyrinth seals, wherein sealing elements such as O-rings can be mounted equally in the respective needle channel or on the respective needle.
  • a needle protrudes, at least substantially, not in the fluid reservoir when placed on the component needle.
  • the length of a needle channel may be equal to or greater than the length of the needle guided therein.
  • a micro movement of the needles often suffices, which can thus remain on the component during processing and penetrate the component surface in the event of pulsed impingement under plastic micro deformation of the component surface. If you then move the needle on the surface of the component, the slidably guided needles slide out of the microwells and are ready to be re-pressurized.
  • no return means are provided for returning the needles against their acceleration or machining direction, it is not necessary to work against such a return means when accelerating.
  • a return means such as a plate spring may be provided which resets a needle against the acceleration or processing direction in the needle channel and thus increases the free acceleration path of the needle before hitting the component surface.
  • a movable actuating means limits the fluid reservoir.
  • This may in particular be a piston which is displaceably guided on the guide body and with its front side, the fluid reservoir terminates fluid-tight.
  • it may be a flexible membrane, which closes the fluid reservoir fluid-tight.
  • a pulse is impressed on the movable actuating means, this transmits the pulse to the fluid in the fluid reservoir.
  • repercussions of the needles on the actuating means can be fluidically decoupled or damped.
  • the forces applied to the individual needles and the forces imposed on them by the component can be varied by, in particular, slightly differing channel cross-sections in order better to imitate a stochastic shot-peening process.
  • an actuator for acting on the actuating means is provided, which is preferably mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically, electromagnetically and / or accelerated by ultrasound.
  • the actuator can accelerate the actuating means directly by this example is designed as a piston, which is designed for example as an armature of an electromagnet or as a piston of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.
  • the Akuator on a hammer which, in particular mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically, electromagnetically and / or by ultrasound, can be accelerated and applied to the actuating means.
  • the hammer in turn may be designed, for example, as an armature of an electromagnet or as a piston of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.
  • An actuating means contacting, but with respect to this movable or detachable hammer can advantageously be initially accelerated freely and then transmits in contact with the actuating means its case built impulse approximately jerky on the actuating means, this impulse, as described above, in turn by the Fluid reservoir transfers to the needles.
  • a manual acceleration of the actuating means for example by applying a piston with a hand-held hammer, possible.
  • the guide body is placed directly on the component surface to be machined and moved between the Nadelbeautschept, in particular manually or by a manipulator to vary the point of impact of the needles and so to imitate a local shot peening process.
  • the guide body is motor, in particular electric motor, or manually rotatably guided on a housing which is placed on the component surface to be machined.
  • a component-protecting contact surface is provided for placement on a component to be machined.
  • at least the part of the needler to be placed on the component is preferably made of plastic, rubber or the like.
  • a Aufsetzring be provided of plastic, which is preferably replaceable, attached to the guide body or a housing. This advantageously makes it possible to produce the guide body or the housing itself from another material, in particular metal, which is advantageous on account of its specific weight and its strength and with regard to the storage of the needles. Equally, however, it is also possible to manufacture the guide body or the housing itself from plastic, rubber or the like.
  • a needler comprises one or more needles, which may be provided by a mono- or multi-part carrier are guided so that they are movable relative to this in each case in a needle direction against a surface to be machined.
  • needles can be moved individually or jointly preferably (electro) motor, (electro) magnetic, pneumatic, hydraulic and / or mechanical, for example by releasing prestressed springs in the needle direction.
  • two or more, in particular all needles can be moved in a coupled manner in terms of control technology.
  • electric motors or magnets which move different needles in the needle direction may in particular be coupled in terms of control such that these needles are moved synchronously or in a predetermined sequence, for example offset in the needle direction.
  • two or more, in particular all needles can be moved magnetically, pneumatically, hydraulically and / or mechanically coupled.
  • Mechanically moved needles may be coupled, for example, via appropriate mechanisms, such as gear, linkage, scenes and the like.
  • a needle piston space arranged in the needle direction in front of a needle piston of a needle and displaceable by the latter on the front side, or preferably, one after the other can connect or disconnect a plurality of such needle piston chambers by a control valve device optionally with a pressure reservoir.
  • one or more needle piston chambers can also be released for venting by the control valve device, for example, connected to the environment or to a vacuum reservoir.
  • the carrier is mounted in a one- or multi-part housing of the needler, which is preferably designed for mounting the housing on the surface to be machined.
  • the housing may preferably have correspondingly formed contact surfaces, for example, by three non-collinear contact points or three non-collinear, in particular Convex, contact surfaces ensure a statically stable placement, the shape of the surface to be machined, for example, by a complementary geometry, adapted, and / or have a surface to be machined in the touchdown gentle, especially soft, material.
  • the needler can be formed and used in a preferred embodiment as a handheld device.
  • a rotation means for rotating the carrier with respect to the housing is provided to displace the needle impact point (s) on the surface.
  • the rotating device allows a rotation of at least 180 °, preferably at least 360 ° and more preferably unrestricted revolutions about an axis of rotation, preferably only in one direction of rotation.
  • the needle direction (s) may be aligned - at least essentially - radially or vertically with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • the control valve device at the same time forms the axis of rotation for the carrier.
  • Nadelauf Economics can be, for example, on a particular straight line with a predetermined distance from each other on the surface, which distance may be smaller than a diameter of the needles or the deformations caused by the needles, so that the deformations At least partially cover different Nadelauf Economics?.
  • the distance between adjacent needle impact points corresponds to the distance between adjacent needle impact points.
  • the diameter of the, in particular central, diameter of the latter is at least substantially the same Needle impact points impinging needles or caused by these deformations.
  • the matrix, the synchronization of the movements of different needles in the needle direction and / or the rotation of the support, preferably coupled thereto can be varied or adjusted, so as to realize, for example, different processing patterns, coverage levels, or machining depths.
  • the carrier may also be moved (electro) by motor, (electro) magnetically, pneumatically, hydraulically and / or mechanically, i. be rotated against the housing.
  • needle and carrier drives can be control-technically, magnetically, pneumatically, hydraulically and / or mechanically coupled.
  • a control valve device is switched by the rotation of the electromotive moving carrier relative to the housing and actuates so pneumatically or hydraulically needles.
  • a return device for returning a needle counter to the needle direction is provided in a preferred embodiment.
  • a return device can, for example, an opposing (electro) mo toric,
  • Electromagnetic magnetic, pneumatic, hydraulic and / or mechanical loading counter to the needle direction by about electromagnets operated in opposite directions, the needle piston chamber separated from the pressure reservoir and / or connected to a vacuum reservoir, or a needle piston chamber counteracting piston chamber pneumatically or hydraulically, preferably by the Control valve device is acted upon.
  • Mechanical loading may include, for example, spring means biasing needles counter to the needle direction.
  • the return device comprises-preferably in addition to a separation of needle piston chambers from a pressure reservoir, connecting these needle piston chambers with a vacuum reservoir and / or of opposing piston chambers with a pressure reservoir.
  • servoir - a mechanical backdrop or forced guidance that returns the needles against the direction of the needle.
  • lockable, in particular pneumatic and / or hydraulic, actuation of the needles they can advantageously remain in the needle direction during a rotation of the carrier with locked actuation in the needle direction without or with little force and thus prevent frictional engagement and associated wear on needles or Reduce housing.
  • the needle drive need not overcome any corresponding restoring forces. It can thus realize larger accelerations or equal accelerations with a smaller size with the same size.
  • 1A - IC a part of a needle according to an embodiment according to the first main aspect of the present invention in a section along a needle direction in different states;
  • Figure 2 shows a needle according to a first embodiment according to the second main aspect of the present invention in a section along a rotation axis.
  • Figures 3A, 3B are each a plan view of a flange with a needle matrix as viewed from a surface to be machined;
  • FIG. 4 shows a needle according to a second embodiment according to the second main aspect of the present invention in Fig. 2 corresponding representation.
  • FIG. 5 shows a needle according to a third embodiment according to the second main aspect of the present invention in Fig. 2 corresponding representation.
  • FIG. 6 shows a needler according to an embodiment according to the third main aspect of
  • FIG. 1A-1C show a part of a needle according to an embodiment according to the first main aspect of the present invention in a section along a needle direction (from top to bottom in Fig. 1) in different states.
  • the needler has a multi-part carrier with a carrier base body 2 and fixedly or releasably secured to individual cylinders 400, of which in Fig. 1 for clarity, only a cylinder is shown.
  • the support base body 2 can in turn be tilted with a ring 1 'and rotatably arranged in a housing 1 by a rotating device 8, as will be explained below with reference to the second main aspect with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6, so that with respect to these features on the may be referred to there explanations.
  • the cylinders 400 may also be integrally formed with the carrier base body 2.
  • each cylinder 400 a needle channel open on both sides is formed, in which a needle 7.1 is displaceably guided in the needle direction.
  • An annular shoulder 407 (see Fig. 1B), together with a needle-end rear end flange of the needle 7.1, introduces the needle into the needle channel and at the same time limits, as a stop, a complete needle stroke.
  • the rear end of the needle channel in the needle direction (at the top in FIG. 1) is closed in a gastight manner by a stopper 408, which delimits a retraction movement of the needle 7.1 against the needle direction as a stop.
  • the stopper 408 is pressed onto the cylinder 400 by an end cap 401 and a rubber pad compressed between the stopper and the end cap.
  • the needle-side end face (top of Fig. 1) of the needle 7.1 as a slidable wall defines a piston space 406 (see Fig. 1B) which is enlarged by movement of the needle in the needle direction.
  • annular mating piston space 404 is formed, which surrounds the needle 7.1 and is reduced by a movement of the needle in the needle direction.
  • the pressure reservoir may comprise, for example, a source of compressed air, which are connected via hoses with holes in the respective end cap 401 (not shown).
  • a control valve may be provided, which adjusts a predetermined pressure in the pressure reservoir as a control device.
  • the piston chamber 406 communicates with the pressure reservoir 402 via the passage, so that the overpressure of the pressure reservoir rests in the piston chamber 406 and the opposing piston chamber 404. Since the projection perpendicular to the needle direction of the pressurized displaceable surface of the piston chamber 406 (the horizontal cross-sectional area in FIG. 1) is larger than the corresponding projection of the counter-piston space 404, in this state the force driving in the needle direction exceeds that of the piston space communicating with the pressure reservoir 406 imposes on the needle, the opposite restoring force, which impresses the counter-piston space 404 on the needle. This drives the needle in the needle direction on the surface to be processed (Fig. 1A-> Fig. 1B).
  • an automatic control valve means in the form of a slide valve, which blocks the passage depending on the position (Fig. 1B) or opens (Fig. 1A), which is mechanically switched by a movement of the needle in the needle direction.
  • the slide valve blocks the passage between the piston chamber 406 and the pressure reservoir 402 or the associated opposing piston chamber 404 (FIG.
  • the needle-driving pressure in the piston chamber 406 is reduced as a result of the movement in the needle direction, while an almost constant restoring force is applied to the piston Needle 7.1 acts, which results from the pressure in the opposing piston space 404 and the projection perpendicular to the needle direction of the pressurized displaceable surface of the opposing piston space 404.
  • the control valve device fluidically connects the piston chamber 406 to the surroundings when the opening of the bore 405 in the needle has passed over the shoulder 407 (see FIG IC).
  • the restoring force which the opposing piston space 404 exerts on the needle supports this movement counter to the needle direction, so that the needle returns to its upper end position shown in FIG. 1A.
  • the slide valve separates the piston chamber 406 from the environment (FIG.
  • the needler may advantageously be formed according to the second main aspect, which will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • a riot detection device can be provided in the plastic ring 9 or between it and the housing 1 (cf., FIGS. 2, 4, 5), with which it can be detected whether the needler is mounted on a surface.
  • the riot detection device can in particular have one or more pressure sensors and / or distance sensors and, due to a detected pressure or vanishing distance, detect that the needle is placed.
  • the riot detection device sends a corresponding signal to the control valve of the pressure reservoir, so that all passages to the piston chambers are blocked by control technology, as long as the needle is not placed on a surface.
  • pressure in one or more piston chambers 406 is detected. This changes as described above with the movement of the needles, so that from the detected pressure change, the movement of the needle can be determined.
  • the frequency with which the pressure in the piston chamber 406 oscillates is detected and compared with a predetermined range which is predetermined as a function of the pressure in the pressure reservoir. If the detected frequency is within the predetermined range, an impact of the needle on a surface is detected.
  • Fig. 2 shows a needle according to a first embodiment according to the second main aspect of the present invention in a longitudinal section.
  • the needler has a substantially tubular steel or plastic housing 1, the frontal Kunststofffikiee (bottom in Fig. 2) is formed by a plugged plastic ring 9, which in turn forms a sliding bearing for arranging the housing on a surface to be machined (not shown) ,
  • the plastic ring may have a rectangular outer contour in order to increase the Kipppstabilmaschine to the vertical axis in Fig. 2.
  • it can store three non-collinear balls to form a rolling bearing relative to the surface to be machined.
  • a base body 2 of a carrier is mounted rotatably about the axis of rotation indicated in FIG. 2 by a dash-dotted line.
  • a CCD camera 10 is fastened to it, which rotates with the carrier and thus receives images of the surface to be processed during operation and transmits them to an image output device, for example a monitor, and / or an image processing software (not shown).
  • a rotary part 3 of the carrier is rotatably mounted eccentrically, so that its in Fig. 2 dash-dotted lines indicated axis of rotation is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the base body 2, but not aligned with this.
  • a gear 8 of a transmission is further eccentrically mounted, which is driven by an electric motor, not shown.
  • His gearing 8.1 engages on the one hand in an internal toothing 1.1 of the housing and on the other hand in an external toothing 3.1 of the rotary member 3 a.
  • the electric motor rotates on the one hand the base 2 relative to the housing 1 and on the other hand hereby coupled the rotary member 3 relative to the base 2, wherein by corresponding gears 1.1, 3.1 and 8.1 desired, coupled rotational speeds can be specified.
  • the needle impact points of needles 7.1, 7.9 vary in a manner similar to shot blasting when the needles are repeatedly moved against the surface to be machined, as described below.
  • the arrangement of the needles in a matrix, this hit image can be influenced.
  • 3A, 3B show, as viewed from below in FIG. 2 on a flange 7 described below, different arrangement matrices, wherein in FIG. 3A the needles are arranged on radial rays through the axis of rotation, in FIG. 3B on spirals through the axis of rotation.
  • the needles may for example be arranged stochastically or on mutually perpendicularly intersecting beams and / or have a constant or varying distance from one another.
  • the needles 7.1, 7.9 are, as already mentioned, attached to a flange 7, for example, welded or -soletes with this or resilient in the direction of its longitudinal extent (not shown).
  • the flange 7 is connected to a piston 4 of a pneumatic acceleration device via a multi-part plunger 4.1, 4.2, the parts 4.1, 4.2 in a joint 4.3 solvous and locked in different positions, in which the needle longitudinal direction with the plunger longitudinal direction includes different angles.
  • a ring 1 ' in which the acceleration device as explained above with respect to the housing 1, is rotatably mounted, in turn about at least one axis, preferably perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the accelerator (ie perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 2) is pivotally mounted in the housing 1.
  • the ring 1 ' can be mounted either in one or more positions lockable or freely movable.
  • the needles can advantageously be resiliently attached to the flange, it is preferred in the double-dashed variant 1 'that the needles rigid or firmly connected to the flange, so for example welded or - are soldered.
  • the flange 7 can be detachably or rigidly connected to the plunger 4.1.
  • the ring 1 'and with it the accelerator mounted in it can be releasably secured to the housing.
  • the piston 4 slides in the direction of the needle (from top to bottom in FIG. 2) in a piston chamber 5A and in a counter-piston chamber 5B and limits these spaces in opposite directions, respectively, on the front side.
  • Both piston chambers 5 A, 5 B communicate via a two-way switching valve 6 and alternately with an overpressure reservoir i or an ambient or negative pressure reservoir po.
  • the switching valve 6, which forms a control valve device in the context of the invention, is performed in a manner not shown a rotational movement of the carrier relative to the housing or a movement of the piston 4 is switched.
  • a circuit by the movement of the piston advantageously causes an independent of the rotational movement of the carrier movement of the piston 4 and the associated needles 7.1, 7.9 in the needle direction and thus approaches the hit image even more to the conventional stochastic shot peening.
  • the piston chamber 5 A communicates with the overpressure reservoir pi and drives the piston 4 in the needle direction, the air pushes from the opposing piston chamber 5 B po in the environment.
  • the opposing piston space 5B communicates with the overpressure reservoir pi and drives the piston 4 counter to the needle direction, which pushes air out of the piston space 5A into the surroundings p 0 .
  • the piston 4 the detachable and lockable hinged flange 7 and thus the needles 7.1, 7.9 in the needle direction, thereby hitting the surface to be machined oscillate and thereby deform plastically while impressing desired stresses, so that it is solidified
  • the piston travel, in particular the piston chambers 5A, 5B, are preferably tuned such that the piston is accelerated approximately in the needle direction until the needles impinge on the component surface and is returned approximately counter to the needle direction after the momentum transfer.
  • the control valve device 6 for example, before the impact of the piston chamber 5A separate from the excess pressure reservoir pi, so that the needles meet 7.1, 7.9 free-floating on the surface to be machined.
  • Fig. 4 shows in Fig. 2 corresponding representation of a needle according to a second embodiment according to the second main aspect of the present invention.
  • Identical or analogous features to the first embodiment are designated by identical reference numerals, so that only the differences from the first embodiment according to the second main aspect will be discussed below.
  • the rotary device in the second embodiment only a single-stage gear, which is realized by the gear 8, which is mounted in the one-piece carrier 2 and this rotates by means of engagement in the internal teeth 1.1 about its axis of rotation.
  • gears of a rotating device according to the invention instead of internal and external teeth can be provided.
  • This single-stage construction is structurally simpler and more stable, but the needle impact points vary less as a result of the rotation of the one-piece carrier with only one degree of freedom relative to the housing.
  • a mechanical accelerator is provided in the second embodiment.
  • piston 40 has a plunger 41, which is forcibly guided on a gate 1.2 of the housing 1.
  • the gate is, as indicated in Fig. 4, shaped such that the piston 40 in one revolution of the carrier 2 in the housing 1 one or more raised against the needle direction and then released back into this.
  • the piston 40 is released in the needle direction, since the plunger 41 rests on a lower inflection point of the gate 1.2.
  • the slide 1.2 leads the plunger in contrast to a staggered in Fig. 4 position.
  • the piston 40 biases a helical spring 100 against the needle direction. If the gate 1.2 releases the plunger 41 again (FIG. 4), then the relaxing spring 100 accelerates the piston 40 in the direction of the needle (downward in FIG. 4). A lower disc of the coil-shaped piston 40 then impinges on the heads of needles 7.1, 7.9, which are mounted in bronze bushings (not shown) directly in the carrier 2 and are supported against the needle direction by helical springs 110.
  • the piston 40 thus accelerates the needles 7.1, 7.9 in the needle direction against the surface to be machined. In the subsequent movement of the piston 40 against the needle direction due to the forced leadership of the plunger 41 in the backdrop 1.2, however, he takes the decoupled from him needles 7.1, 7.9 not.
  • These individually actuated and via the co-acting piston 40 mechanically coupled to each other moved needles are instead returned by the coil springs 110 against the needle direction when accelerating biased in the needle direction and form a separate return device in the context of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows in Fig. 2, 3 corresponding representation of a needle according to a third embodiment according to the second main aspect of the present invention.
  • Identical or analogous features to the first and / or second embodiment are designated by identical reference numerals, so that only the differences from the first or second embodiment according to the second main aspect are discussed below.
  • the separately mounted in holes of the steel or plastic substrate 2 and supported by individual helical springs 110 against the needle direction needles 7.1, 7.9 are accelerated pneumatically in the needle direction.
  • a pressure chamber 50 is sealed by a one-piece or multi-part flexible membrane against the individual needles. If the pressure chamber 50 is connected via a switching valve 60 to an overpressure reservoir pi, as shown in FIG.
  • the pressure deforms the flexible membrane 55 in the needle direction, which accelerates the needles 7.1, 7.9 in the needle direction against the surface and in this case biases the springs 110 .
  • Switches the valve 60 for example mechanically coupled with the rotation of the carrier 2 in the housing 1 or independently thereof, approximately pneumatically, in the other switching position, the pressure in the pressure chamber 50 relaxes against the environment p 0 .
  • the relaxing springs 110 return the needles 7.1, 7.9 against the needle direction.
  • the needles can also be processed uneven and / or inclined to the direction of the needle surfaces advantageous because when hitting a needle other not affiliated with her needles are not slowed down.
  • the design effort is correspondingly higher.
  • a - for example by means of a ring 1 '- articulated or pivotally mounted on the mounted on the workpiece housing acceleration unit, a multi-stage gear and / or a support with base and eccentrically mounted therein rotary member may be provided.
  • a multi-stage gear and / or a support with base and eccentrically mounted therein rotary member may be provided.
  • Such an articulated and / or releasable attachment of the acceleration device to the housing can be combined with a releasable and / or hinged attachment of the needles to the accelerator or formed without them be.
  • a single bearing and spring suspension may also be provided in the case of a flange which is detachably and / or hingedly lockably connected to the acceleration unit, as has been explained with reference to the first embodiment. This is particularly advantageous when the flange is tilted against the axis of rotation, since then often meet needles at different stroke on the surface to be machined.
  • mechanical actuation as discussed with reference to the second embodiment may be provided for individual needles or even for an accelerator coupled to the needles, which returns the needles against the needle direction, as explained with reference to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 shows in cross-section a needler according to an embodiment according to the third main aspect of the present invention, which is placed on the surface of a component 206.
  • the needler has a guide body 202 made of metal, in which a hydraulic fluid reservoir 210 is formed. With this communicate needle channels, of which in Fig. 6 for clarity only two are shown. In these, needles 201 are displaceably guided axially (vertically in FIG. 6), so that their rounded tips stand up on the component surface. On the side opposite the channel openings, the fluid reservoir 210 is delimited by a piston 203, which is likewise displaceably guided in the guide body 202. Due to the fluidic force transmission explained in more detail below, the directions of movement of piston 203 and needles 201 need not be parallel.
  • Needles 201 and pistons 203 are each mounted in a fluid-tight manner in the guide body 202, for example, in one of the guide body 202 and Nadel201 or Kolben203 at least one annular groove is formed, in which an O-ring is arranged as a sealing body, which is elastically against the sliding surface of the other of the chiefs stresses202 and needle201 and piston203, respectively, thus sealing guide body 202 and needle 201 or piston 203 against each other (not shown).
  • the guide body 202 is rotatably supported in a housing 204, as indicated by the dot-dashed axis of rotation and the rotational movement arrow.
  • the guide body 202 is mounted eccentrically in the housing 204, so that a rotation offset the impact points of the needles 201 on the component surface.
  • an electric motor with appropriate control is provided, which is not shown for clarity.
  • an example pneumatically, electromagnetically or by ultrasonics accelerated hammer which impinges in Fig. 6 from above on the fluid idreservoir210 opposite end face of the Kolben203 and thereby transmits a pulse to the Kolben203, the in Fig. 6 is indicated by a double-headed arrow.
  • the hammer is designed as a piston of a pneumatic cylinder or as an armature of a linear electromagnet and is accelerated by supplying compressed air or winding current in Fig. 6 vertically downward on the Kolben203.
  • a return spring can lift the hammer again from Kolben203.
  • the timing with which the hammer is accelerated is synchronized with the timing of the rotational movement of the guide body 202 in the housing 204 such that the hammer always strikes the piston 203 with the guide body 202 stationary.
  • the pulse indicated in FIG. 6 by the double-headed arrow is impressed on it.
  • the latter transmits the impulse to the hydraulic fluid in the fluid reservoir 210, in which a pressure surge propagates, which is homogeneously applied to the needle channels and transferred to the needles 201 according to the respective effective hydraulic cross section.
  • Their pulses which in turn are indicated by double pointed arrows, transmit them to the surface of the component 206 with slight plastic deformation, which leads to stress compensation and solidification there.
  • Fig. 7 8 shows a needle according to an embodiment according to the fourth main aspect of the present invention in two mutually perpendicular sections.
  • the needler has a two-part housing 31 A, 31 A with a contact surface 31.1 open toward, on the side facing away from this contact surface side hollow cylindrical recess.
  • a substantially drum-shaped carrier which comprises a base body 32A and a surrounding shell 32B, rotatably received on an axis 31.2 of the housing. It can be rotated by an electric motor 33.1 by means of a worm gear 33.2 only in the direction indicated by the movement arrow in Fig. 7.
  • needles are mounted in the carrier, with only three needles 34A-34C being shown in FIG. 7 for better clarity. They each have a pin 34.1 and a piston 34.2 connected or integrally formed thereon, which limits a needle piston space 35 formed in the base body 32A at the end, and can be indicated in FIG. 7 in directions indicated by movement arrows, which are radial or perpendicular to the rotation axis of FIG Are carrier-oriented, to be moved.
  • the shell 32B limits the movement in the needle direction and has for this purpose at corresponding points through holes whose diameter is equal to or greater than the diameter of the associated pin 34.1, but smaller than the diameter of the piston 34.2, and thus limits the respective blind hole in the base body 32A, the constant diameter defines both a guide of the needle in the carrier and a limitation of the needle piston chamber.
  • one or more needle piston chambers can be closed by another sheath, which has no through hole at the corresponding point, and thus needles are removed from the matrix at this point.
  • a needle piston chamber 35 is connected by a control valve device depending on the position of the carrier relative to the housing with a pressure reservoir 36 or communicating with the environment venting channel 37 or separated from both.
  • a control valve device depending on the position of the carrier relative to the housing with a pressure reservoir 36 or communicating with the environment venting channel 37 or separated from both.
  • the pressure reservoir 36 and a thus communicating channel and the vent passage 37 which can communicate in a modification with a lower pressure reservoir formed, which thus define together with the running on her inner bore of the body, the control valve device ,
  • the control valve means connects the needle piston space of the needle 34A with the pressure reservoir 36 so that it is accelerated in the needle direction.
  • the acceleration profile can be predetermined by the control valve device, on the one hand, and by the release of the through bores of the shell 32B through the housing recess that partially surrounds the latter.
  • the control valve device already communicate a needle pressure chamber with the pressure reservoir, while a movement of the needle is still positively locked by the housing in the needle direction by approximately the cylindrical surface of the recess continues partially in the direction of the contact surface 31.1, ie in a modification, not shown Housing 31 A, the carrier in the left lower quadrant of Fig. 7 still partially encloses.
  • pressure is already building up in the needle piston space, acceleration in the needle direction does not begin until the through bore of the shell 32B has been released through the housing 31A.
  • the needle 34B just hits the surface 38 to be machined and elastically deforms it while releasing its momentum and thereby solidifies the surface. In addition, residual compressive stresses are introduced in the edge zone. In this position, the needle piston chamber is blocked by the control valve device both against the pressure reservoir 36, and the vent passage 37, but could also communicate in an alternative embodiment, at least partially, with one of the two.
  • the needle 34C has already processed the surface, its needle piston chamber is now connected due to the rotation of the carrier with the vent passage 37, which facilitates recovery of the piston.
  • a positive guide or gate 39 of a restoring device on which the needle runs after surface exposure is shaped so that the needle is returned to an initial position in which the control valve means locks its needle piston chamber against both the pressure reservoir 36 and the vent passage 37.
  • the needle piston chamber also communicate, at least in regions, with the pressure reservoir 36 and / or vent passage 37. In any case eliminates the blocking of the pressure reservoir 36 during the transfer between restoring (needle 34C) and acceleration phase (needle 34A) due to the purely pneumatic actuation of the needles a bias of the needles against the housing, so that a corresponding wear is advantageously reduced.
  • the pressure in the needle piston chamber 35 does not have to work against appropriately biased return springs.
  • Fig. 8 the matrix of guided in the carrier needles is indicated. It can be seen that the individual needles 34 and the through-holes in the shell 32B are arranged on curved, in particular spiral-shaped paths 310 both in the axial and in the circumferential direction of the shell. The matrix is designed and tuned to the rotation of the carrier in the housing and the coupled thereto movement of the needles in the needle direction that the Nadelaufinnovationtude constitute a desired processing pattern on the surface 38.
  • the deformations achieved in the needle impact points can at least substantially lie on straight lines and preferably have at least substantially no gaps and / or no overlaps or predetermined gaps or overlaps.
  • the expression of the tracks 310 in the circumferential direction, along which the bores are arranged at the intersections with the spiral paths 310 in the axial direction, can be selected as desired.
  • a straight line skewed to the axis of rotation has been found, which is wound around the envelope 32B (not shown).
  • This arrangement provides for the production of the needle piston chambers 35 a particularly favorable space utilization.
  • the spiral-shaped path 310 in the axial direction is advantageous since it allows the distance between the points of impact on the component surface to be regulated best.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de martelage à aiguille pour réaliser le traitement de surface local de pièces, ledit dispositif présentant un support (2, 400) comprenant au moins un canal à aiguille (404, 406) dans lequel une aiguille (7.1) est guidée pour pouvoir se déplacer dans une direction d'aiguille et une chambre de piston (406) dont la taille est augmentée sous l'effet du mouvement de l'aiguille dans la direction d'aiguille, et qui délimite une contre-chambre de piston (404) dont la taille est réduite sous l'effet du mouvement de l'aiguille dans la direction d'aiguille; un réservoir de pression (402); un passage (403, 404, 405) qui relie en termes d'écoulement la chambre de piston et le réservoir de pression; et un dispositif de soupape de commande (405, 407) pour bloquer le passage.
PCT/EP2011/060267 2010-06-24 2011-06-21 Dispositif de martelage à aiguille pour réaliser le traitement de surface local de pièces Ceased WO2012016754A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010024892.4 2010-06-24
DE102010024892A DE102010024892A1 (de) 2010-06-24 2010-06-24 Nadler zur lokalen Oberflächenbearbeitung von Bauteilen
DE102010024891A DE102010024891A1 (de) 2010-06-24 2010-06-24 Nadler zur lokalen Oberflächenbearbeitung von Bauteilen
DE102010024891.6 2010-06-24
EP10189745.2 2010-11-03
EP10189745A EP2450155A1 (fr) 2010-11-03 2010-11-03 Appareil à aiguilles pour le traitement de surface local de composants

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012016754A1 true WO2012016754A1 (fr) 2012-02-09

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CN103302643A (zh) * 2012-03-13 2013-09-18 罗伯特·博世有限公司 手持式工具机装置
WO2014177124A1 (fr) 2013-04-30 2014-11-06 MTU Aero Engines AG Dispositif pneumatique de martelage à aiguilles
CN110214062A (zh) * 2017-01-24 2019-09-06 费尔有限公司 用于对铸造工件进行除芯的除芯锤
CN111267005A (zh) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-12 广州力多机器人智能科技有限公司 除锈面积大的除锈机
US11173741B2 (en) * 2017-11-30 2021-11-16 Rattunde Ag Marking head having a pressure sensor

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GB154803A (en) * 1919-12-17 1920-12-09 George Fredrick Clements Improvements in pneumatic tools for scaling, chipping and the like
DE333995C (de) * 1916-05-30 1921-03-04 Frank Gilman Drucklufthammer zur Entfernung von Grat, Hammerschlag, Kesselstein u. dgl. von Rohren und Flaechen
GB966397A (en) * 1961-02-20 1964-08-12 Reed Roller Bit Co Pneumatic tool
US3366420A (en) * 1965-02-25 1968-01-30 Macdonald Pneumatics Multi-tool scabbling unit
DE3442089C1 (de) 1984-11-17 1985-11-14 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn Einrichtung zur Erzeugung mechanischet Oberflaechenspannungen
CH665989A5 (de) 1983-07-01 1988-06-30 Goeran Nilsson Nadelhammer.
US20100018272A1 (en) 2008-07-25 2010-01-28 Sylvain Forgues Peening apparatus and method

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DE333995C (de) * 1916-05-30 1921-03-04 Frank Gilman Drucklufthammer zur Entfernung von Grat, Hammerschlag, Kesselstein u. dgl. von Rohren und Flaechen
GB154803A (en) * 1919-12-17 1920-12-09 George Fredrick Clements Improvements in pneumatic tools for scaling, chipping and the like
GB966397A (en) * 1961-02-20 1964-08-12 Reed Roller Bit Co Pneumatic tool
US3366420A (en) * 1965-02-25 1968-01-30 Macdonald Pneumatics Multi-tool scabbling unit
CH665989A5 (de) 1983-07-01 1988-06-30 Goeran Nilsson Nadelhammer.
DE3442089C1 (de) 1984-11-17 1985-11-14 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn Einrichtung zur Erzeugung mechanischet Oberflaechenspannungen
US20100018272A1 (en) 2008-07-25 2010-01-28 Sylvain Forgues Peening apparatus and method

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103302643A (zh) * 2012-03-13 2013-09-18 罗伯特·博世有限公司 手持式工具机装置
WO2014177124A1 (fr) 2013-04-30 2014-11-06 MTU Aero Engines AG Dispositif pneumatique de martelage à aiguilles
DE102013207860A1 (de) 2013-04-30 2014-11-13 MTU Aero Engines AG Pneumatischer Nadler
DE102013207860B4 (de) * 2013-04-30 2017-06-22 MTU Aero Engines AG Verfahren zum Betreiben eines pneumatischen Nadlers sowie zugehöriger pneumatischer Nadler
US10131963B2 (en) 2013-04-30 2018-11-20 MTU Aero Engines AG Pneumatic needling device
CN110214062A (zh) * 2017-01-24 2019-09-06 费尔有限公司 用于对铸造工件进行除芯的除芯锤
CN110214062B (zh) * 2017-01-24 2022-02-01 费尔有限公司 用于对铸造工件进行除芯的除芯锤
US11173741B2 (en) * 2017-11-30 2021-11-16 Rattunde Ag Marking head having a pressure sensor
CN111267005A (zh) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-12 广州力多机器人智能科技有限公司 除锈面积大的除锈机

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