WO2012005195A1 - 画像処理装置および方法 - Google Patents
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- WO2012005195A1 WO2012005195A1 PCT/JP2011/065210 JP2011065210W WO2012005195A1 WO 2012005195 A1 WO2012005195 A1 WO 2012005195A1 JP 2011065210 W JP2011065210 W JP 2011065210W WO 2012005195 A1 WO2012005195 A1 WO 2012005195A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/157—Assigned coding mode, i.e. the coding mode being predefined or preselected to be further used for selection of another element or parameter
- H04N19/159—Prediction type, e.g. intra-frame, inter-frame or bidirectional frame prediction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/129—Scanning of coding units, e.g. zig-zag scan of transform coefficients or flexible macroblock ordering [FMO]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/136—Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
- H04N19/14—Coding unit complexity, e.g. amount of activity or edge presence estimation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/142—Detection of scene cut or scene change
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/18—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a set of transform coefficients
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/46—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/61—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an image processing apparatus and method, and more particularly, to an image processing apparatus and method capable of improving encoding efficiency.
- MPEG compressed by orthogonal transform such as discrete cosine transform and motion compensation is used for the purpose of efficient transmission and storage of information.
- a device that conforms to a system such as Moving (Pictures Experts Group) is becoming widespread in both information distribution at broadcast stations and information reception in general households.
- MPEG2 International Organization for Standardization
- IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
- MPEG2 was mainly intended for high-quality encoding suitable for broadcasting, but it did not support encoding methods with a lower code amount (bit rate) than MPEG1, that is, a higher compression rate. With the widespread use of mobile terminals, the need for such an encoding system is expected to increase in the future, and the MPEG4 encoding system has been standardized accordingly. Regarding the image coding system, the standard was approved as an international standard in December 1998 as ISO / IEC 14496-2.
- H.26L International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector
- Q6 / 16 VCEG Video Coding Expert Group
- H.26L is known to achieve higher encoding efficiency than the conventional encoding schemes such as MPEG2 and MPEG4, although a large amount of calculation is required for encoding and decoding.
- Joint ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Model of Enhanced-Compression Video Coding has been implemented based on this H.26L and incorporating functions not supported by H.26L to achieve higher coding efficiency. It has been broken.
- AVC Advanced Video Coding
- FRExt including RGB, 4: 2: 2, 4: 4: 4 encoding tools necessary for business use, 8x8DCT and quantization matrix defined by MPEG-2) Fidelity (Range (Extension) Extension) standardization was completed in February 2005, and as a result, Blu-Ray Disc has become an encoding method that can well express film noise in movies using AVC. It has been used for a wide range of applications.
- the macroblock size which is a partial region serving as an orthogonal transform processing unit of an image
- 16 pixels ⁇ 16 pixels is a UHD (Ultra High Definition) that is a target of the next-generation encoding method. ; 4000 pixels ⁇ 2000 pixels), which is not optimal. Therefore, in Non-Patent Document 1, etc., it is proposed that the macroblock size is set to 64 ⁇ 64 pixels, 32 pixels ⁇ 32 pixels, or the like.
- Non-Patent Document 1 by adopting a hierarchical structure, a block larger than 16 ⁇ 16 pixel blocks is defined as a superset while maintaining compatibility with the current AVC macroblock. ing.
- Non-Patent Document 1 is a proposal to apply an extended macroblock to an inter slice, but Non-Patent Document 2 proposes to apply an extended macroblock to an intra slice.
- the scan method prepared in advance is not always optimal, and there is a possibility that the encoding efficiency cannot be sufficiently improved.
- the size of the region is large, and the way of biasing the non-zero coefficient is further diversified. For this reason, the possibility that the scan method prepared in advance is optimized is further reduced, and there is a possibility that there is room for further improvement of the encoding efficiency (the possibility that the encoding efficiency can be sufficiently improved is reduced). There was a fear.
- the present disclosure has been made in view of such a situation, and an object thereof is to improve encoding efficiency by adaptively determining a scan order according to an image.
- One aspect of the present disclosure provides a scan order control for controlling a scan order when converting coefficient data obtained by converting an image to be encoded from a two-dimensional array to a one-dimensional array according to a statistical value indicating the feature of the image
- a scan unit that scans the coefficient data in a two-dimensional array in the scan order controlled by the scan order control unit, and rearranges the coefficient data in the one-dimensional array, and the scan unit rearranges the coefficient data in the one-dimensional array.
- an encoding unit that encodes the obtained coefficient data.
- the scan order control unit for each pixel position in the partial region of the image, which is a processing unit of conversion processing for converting the image to generate the coefficient data, the appearance frequency of the non-zero coefficient of the coefficient data, A calculation unit that calculates for each predetermined data unit; and an update unit that updates the scan order in the order of the appearance frequency of the non-zero coefficient for each pixel position in the partial region calculated by the calculation unit,
- the scan unit may scan the coefficient data in the scan order updated by the update unit.
- the scan order control unit includes a determination unit that determines the scan order as one of an initial order that is a predetermined scan order determined in advance and an update order that is a scan order updated by the update unit. Further, the scan unit may scan the coefficient data in a scan order determined by the determination unit among the initial order and the update order.
- the scan order control unit further includes a determination unit that determines whether or not the processing target is an IDR picture, and the determination unit is configured to determine that the processing target is the IDR picture by the determination unit
- the scan order is determined in the initial order, and when it is determined that the processing target is not the IDR picture, the scan order can be determined in the update order.
- the scan order control unit further includes a detection unit that detects a scene change, and the determination unit determines the scan order in the initial order when the scene change is detected in the processing target by the detection unit. When the scene change is not detected in the processing target, the scan order can be determined in the update order.
- the scan order control unit further includes a generating unit that generates flag information indicating whether the scan order is determined by the determining unit in the initial order or selected in the update order, and the encoding unit includes the encoding unit, The flag information generated by the generation unit can be further encoded.
- the update unit can update the scan order in an order corresponding to the order of appearance frequency of the non-zero coefficient for each pixel position in the partial region of the previously encoded image.
- the update unit When the update unit performs processing by dividing a single picture into a plurality of slices, according to the order of appearance frequency of the non-zero coefficients for each pixel position in the partial region of the slice encoded immediately before The scan order can be updated.
- the update unit When the update unit divides a single picture into a plurality of slices and performs processing, the update unit performs a process for each pixel position in the partial region of the slice at the same position as the slice to be processed of the picture encoded immediately before.
- the scan order can be updated according to the order of appearance frequency of the non-zero coefficients.
- the update unit When the update unit divides a single picture into a plurality of slices and performs processing of each slice in parallel, the update unit includes a portion of the previously encoded picture in the partial region of the slice at the same position as the slice to be processed.
- the scan order can be updated according to the order of appearance frequency of the non-zero coefficient for each pixel position.
- the update unit can update the scan order in an order corresponding to the order of appearance frequencies of the non-zero coefficients for each pixel position in the partial area of the image to be encoded.
- the scan control unit can control the scan order for each size of a partial area of the image that is a processing unit of conversion processing for converting the image and generating the coefficient data.
- the scan control unit can control the scan order for each type of image to be processed.
- One aspect of the present disclosure is also an image processing method of an image processing apparatus, in which a scan order control unit scans coefficient data obtained by converting an image to be encoded from a two-dimensional array to a one-dimensional array. The order is controlled according to the statistical value indicating the characteristics of the image, the scan unit scans the coefficient data of the two-dimensional array in the scan order, rearranges the coefficient data in the one-dimensional array, the encoding unit, An image processing method for encoding the coefficient data rearranged in the one-dimensional array.
- a scan order when converting coefficient data obtained by converting an image to be encoded from a two-dimensional array to a one-dimensional array is generated in accordance with a statistical value indicating the characteristics of the image.
- a decoding unit that decodes the encoded data of the image, and a reverse scan when converting the coefficient data obtained by decoding the encoded data by the decoding unit from the one-dimensional array to the two-dimensional array
- a reverse scan order control unit that controls the order in accordance with a statistical value indicating the characteristics of the image, and the reverse scan order controlled by the reverse scan order control unit;
- An image processing apparatus including a reverse scanning unit that rearranges the data into the two-dimensional array.
- the inverse scan order control unit converts the appearance frequency of non-zero coefficients of the coefficient data for each pixel position in the partial region of the image, which is a processing unit of conversion processing for converting the image and generating the coefficient data.
- a calculation unit that calculates for each predetermined data unit, and an update unit that updates the reverse scan order in the order of the appearance frequency of the non-zero coefficient for each pixel position in the partial region calculated by the calculation unit.
- the reverse scan unit may reverse scan the coefficient data in the reverse scan order updated by the update unit.
- the reverse scan order control unit determines the reverse scan order as one of an initial order that is a predetermined reverse scan order set in advance and an update order that is a reverse scan order updated by the update unit.
- a determination unit that performs the reverse scan on the coefficient data in the reverse scan order determined by the determination unit in the initial order and the update order.
- the reverse scan order control unit further includes an IDR determination unit that determines whether or not a processing target is an IDR picture, and the determination unit determines that the processing target is the IDR picture by the IDR determination unit.
- the reverse scan order is determined in the initial order, and when it is determined that the processing target is not the IDR picture, the reverse scan order can be determined in the update order.
- the reverse scan order control unit further includes a flag determination unit that determines a value of flag information indicating whether the scan order of the coefficient data is the initial order or the update order, and the determination unit includes: When the flag determination unit determines that the scan order of the coefficient data is the initial order, the reverse scan order is determined as the initial order, and the scan order of the coefficient data is determined as the update order. If so, the reverse scan order can be determined in the update order.
- Another aspect of the present disclosure is also an image processing method of an image processing apparatus, in which a decoding unit converts a coefficient data obtained by converting an image to be encoded from a two-dimensional array to a one-dimensional array. Is decoded in accordance with the statistical value indicating the characteristics of the image, and decodes the encoded data of the image, and a reverse scan order control unit calculates the coefficient data obtained by decoding the encoded data. , Controlling a reverse scan order when converting from the one-dimensional array to the two-dimensional array according to a statistical value indicating the characteristics of the image, and a reverse scan unit performs the reverse scan order in the one-dimensional array.
- coefficient data is reverse-scanned and rearranged into the two-dimensional array.
- a scan order when converting coefficient data obtained by converting an image to be encoded from a two-dimensional array to a one-dimensional array is controlled according to a statistical value indicating a feature of the image, and the scan is performed.
- the coefficient data of the two-dimensional array is scanned, rearranged into the one-dimensional array, and the coefficient data rearranged into the one-dimensional array is encoded.
- the scan order when converting the coefficient data obtained by converting the image to be encoded from the two-dimensional array to the one-dimensional array is generated by being controlled according to the statistical value indicating the feature of the image. Furthermore, the reverse scan order when the encoded data of the image is decoded and the coefficient data obtained by decoding the encoded data is converted from a one-dimensional array to a two-dimensional array becomes a statistical value indicating the characteristics of the image. The coefficient data of the one-dimensional array is reverse-scanned and rearranged into the two-dimensional array in the reverse scan order.
- an image can be processed.
- encoding efficiency can be improved.
- FIG. 26 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration example of a personal computer. It is a block diagram which shows the main structural examples of a television receiver. It is a block diagram which shows the main structural examples of a mobile telephone. It is a block diagram which shows the main structural examples of a hard disk recorder. It is a block diagram which shows the main structural examples of a camera.
- the unit is 4 ⁇ 4 pixels as orthogonal transform.
- each 4 ⁇ 4 array As a method of converting each 4 ⁇ 4 array into a one-dimensional 16th-order array, it is shown in FIG. 2A depending on whether the block is frame-encoded or field-encoded. Either a zigzag scan or a field scan shown in FIG. 2B is used. *
- AVC at a high profile or higher, as shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to adaptively switch between 4 ⁇ 4 orthogonal transform and 8 ⁇ 8 orthogonal transform on the screen.
- the zigzag scan shown in A of FIG. 4 or the B of FIG. 4 depends on whether the block is frame-encoded or field-encoded.
- a quantized orthogonal transform coefficient that is a two-dimensional array is converted into a one-dimensional array.
- JM Job Model
- the following two mode determination methods can be selected: High Complexity Mode and Low Complexity Mode.
- the cost function value for each prediction mode is calculated, and the prediction mode that minimizes the cost function value is selected as the sub macroblock or the optimum mode for the macroblock.
- ⁇ is the entire set of candidate modes for encoding the block or macroblock
- D is the differential energy between the decoded image and the input image when encoded in the prediction mode.
- ⁇ is a Lagrange undetermined multiplier given as a function of the quantization parameter.
- R is the total code amount when encoding is performed in this mode, including orthogonal transform coefficients.
- D is the difference energy between the predicted image and the input image, unlike the case of High Complexity Mode.
- QP2Quant QP
- HeaderBit is a code amount related to information belonging to Header, such as a motion vector and mode, which does not include an orthogonal transform coefficient.
- the macro block size of 16 pixels ⁇ 16 pixels is optimal for a large image frame such as UHD (Ultra High Definition; 4000 pixels ⁇ 2000 pixels), which is a target of the next generation encoding method. is not. Therefore, in Non-Patent Document 1, etc., it is proposed that the macroblock size is set to 64 ⁇ 64 pixels, 32 pixels ⁇ 32 pixels, as shown in FIG.
- Non-Patent Document 1 by adopting a hierarchical structure as shown in FIG. 5, for a 16 ⁇ 16 pixel block or less, as a superset thereof while maintaining compatibility with the current AVC macroblock, A larger block is defined.
- a macroblock having 16 ⁇ 16 pixels or less is referred to as a normal macroblock, and a macroblock larger than 16 ⁇ 16 pixels is referred to as an extended macroblock.
- Non-Patent Document 1 is a proposal to apply an extended macroblock to an inter slice, but Non-Patent Document 2 proposes to apply an extended macroblock to an intra slice.
- Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2 it is possible to use a size larger than that defined in the AVC encoding method, such as 16 ⁇ 16.
- Adaptive scan method In a conventional encoding method such as AVC, 4 ⁇ 4 orthogonal transform and 8 ⁇ 8 orthogonal transform scan methods are prepared in advance, but the distribution (bias method) of non-zero coefficients varies depending on the image. For this reason, scanning is not always performed in the optimal scanning order. That is, there is a possibility of further improving the coding efficiency by performing scanning in a scanning order more suitable for the properties of the image.
- the size of the region is large, and the way of biasing the non-zero coefficient is further diversified. For this reason, the possibility that the scan method prepared in advance is optimized is further reduced, and there is a possibility that there is room for further improvement of the encoding efficiency (the possibility that the encoding efficiency can be sufficiently improved is reduced). There was a fear.
- the present technology increases the zero-run value and improves the encoding efficiency by adaptively determining the scan order according to the image.
- FIG. 6 shows the configuration of an embodiment of an image encoding device as an image processing device.
- the image encoding device 100 shown in FIG. It is an encoding device that encodes an image in the same manner as the H.264 and MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) 4 Part 10 (AVC (Advanced Video Coding)) (hereinafter referred to as H.264 / AVC) system.
- H.264 / AVC Advanced Video Coding
- the image coding apparatus 100 applies the skip mode and the direct mode not only in the square block but also in the rectangular block. By doing in this way, the image coding apparatus 100 can improve coding efficiency.
- the image encoding device 100 includes an A / D (Analog / Digital) conversion unit 101, a screen rearrangement buffer 102, a calculation unit 103, an orthogonal transformation unit 104, a quantization unit 105, and a lossless encoding unit 106. And a storage buffer 107.
- the image encoding device 100 includes an inverse quantization unit 108, an inverse orthogonal transform unit 109, a calculation unit 110, a deblock filter 111, a frame memory 112, a selection unit 113, an intra prediction unit 114, a motion prediction / compensation unit 115, A selection unit 116 and a rate control unit 117 are included.
- the image encoding device 100 further includes an adaptive scan control unit 121.
- the A / D conversion unit 101 performs A / D conversion on the input image data, outputs it to the screen rearrangement buffer 102, and stores it.
- the screen rearrangement buffer 102 rearranges the stored frame images in the display order in the order of frames for encoding in accordance with the GOP (Group of Picture) structure.
- the screen rearrangement buffer 102 supplies the image with the rearranged frame order to the arithmetic unit 103.
- the screen rearrangement buffer 102 also supplies the image in which the order of the frames is rearranged to the intra prediction unit 114 and the motion prediction / compensation unit 115.
- the calculation unit 103 subtracts the prediction image supplied from the intra prediction unit 114 or the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 via the selection unit 116 from the image read from the screen rearrangement buffer 102, and orthogonalizes the difference information.
- the data is output to the conversion unit 104.
- the calculation unit 103 subtracts the prediction image supplied from the intra prediction unit 114 from the image read from the screen rearrangement buffer 102.
- the arithmetic unit 103 subtracts the predicted image supplied from the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 from the image read from the screen rearrangement buffer 102.
- the orthogonal transform unit 104 performs orthogonal transform such as discrete cosine transform and Karhunen-Loeve transform on the difference information supplied from the computation unit 103 and supplies the transform coefficient to the quantization unit 105.
- the quantization unit 105 quantizes the transform coefficient output from the orthogonal transform unit 104.
- the quantization unit 105 sets a quantization parameter based on the information supplied from the rate control unit 117 and performs quantization.
- the quantization unit 105 supplies the quantized transform coefficient to the lossless encoding unit 106.
- the lossless encoding unit 106 performs lossless encoding such as variable length encoding and arithmetic encoding on the quantized transform coefficient.
- the lossless encoding unit 106 acquires information indicating intra prediction from the intra prediction unit 114 and acquires information indicating inter prediction mode, motion vector information, and the like from the motion prediction / compensation unit 115.
- information indicating intra prediction is hereinafter also referred to as intra prediction mode information.
- information indicating an information mode indicating inter prediction is hereinafter also referred to as inter prediction mode information.
- the lossless encoding unit 106 encodes the quantized transform coefficient, and also converts various information such as filter coefficient, intra prediction mode information, inter prediction mode information, and quantization parameter into one piece of header information of the encoded data. Part (multiplex).
- the lossless encoding unit 106 supplies the encoded data obtained by encoding to the accumulation buffer 107 for accumulation.
- the lossless encoding unit 106 performs lossless encoding processing such as variable length encoding or arithmetic encoding.
- variable length coding examples include H.264.
- CAVLC Context-Adaptive Variable Length Coding
- arithmetic coding examples include CABAC (Context-Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding).
- the accumulation buffer 107 temporarily holds the encoded data supplied from the lossless encoding unit 106, and at a predetermined timing, the H.264 buffer stores the encoded data. As an encoded image encoded by the H.264 / AVC format, for example, it is output to a recording device or a transmission path (not shown) in the subsequent stage.
- the transform coefficient quantized by the quantization unit 105 is also supplied to the inverse quantization unit 108.
- the inverse quantization unit 108 inversely quantizes the quantized transform coefficient by a method corresponding to the quantization by the quantization unit 105.
- the inverse quantization unit 108 supplies the obtained transform coefficient to the inverse orthogonal transform unit 109.
- the inverse orthogonal transform unit 109 performs inverse orthogonal transform on the supplied transform coefficient by a method corresponding to the orthogonal transform processing by the orthogonal transform unit 104.
- the inversely orthogonal transformed output (restored difference information) is supplied to the calculation unit 110.
- the calculation unit 110 uses the inverse prediction unit 114 or the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 via the selection unit 116 for the inverse orthogonal transformation result supplied from the inverse orthogonal transformation unit 109, that is, the restored difference information.
- the images are added to obtain a locally decoded image (decoded image).
- the calculation unit 110 adds the prediction image supplied from the intra prediction unit 114 to the difference information.
- the calculation unit 110 adds the predicted image supplied from the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 to the difference information.
- the addition result is supplied to the deblock filter 111 or the frame memory 112.
- the deblock filter 111 removes block distortion of the decoded image by appropriately performing deblock filter processing, and improves image quality by appropriately performing loop filter processing using, for example, a Wiener filter.
- the deblocking filter 111 classifies each pixel and performs an appropriate filter process for each class.
- the deblocking filter 111 supplies the filter processing result to the frame memory 112.
- the frame memory 112 outputs the stored reference image to the intra prediction unit 114 or the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 via the selection unit 113 at a predetermined timing.
- the frame memory 112 supplies the reference image to the intra prediction unit 114 via the selection unit 113.
- the frame memory 112 supplies the reference image to the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 via the selection unit 113.
- the selection unit 113 supplies the reference image to the intra prediction unit 114 when the reference image supplied from the frame memory 112 is an image to be subjected to intra coding. Further, when the reference image supplied from the frame memory 112 is an image to be subjected to inter coding, the selection unit 113 supplies the reference image to the motion prediction / compensation unit 115.
- the intra prediction unit 114 performs intra prediction (intra-screen prediction) that generates a predicted image using pixel values in the screen.
- the intra prediction unit 114 performs intra prediction in a plurality of modes (intra prediction modes).
- the intra prediction unit 114 generates predicted images in all intra prediction modes, evaluates each predicted image, and selects an optimal mode. When the optimal intra prediction mode is selected, the intra prediction unit 114 supplies the prediction image generated in the optimal mode to the calculation unit 103 and the calculation unit 110 via the selection unit 116.
- the intra prediction unit 114 supplies information such as intra prediction mode information indicating the adopted intra prediction mode to the lossless encoding unit 106 as appropriate.
- the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 uses the input image supplied from the screen rearrangement buffer 102 and the reference image supplied from the frame memory 112 via the selection unit 113 for the image to be inter-coded, Motion prediction is performed, motion compensation processing is performed according to the detected motion vector, and a predicted image (inter predicted image information) is generated.
- the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 performs inter prediction processing in all candidate inter prediction modes, and generates a prediction image.
- the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 calculates the cost function value of each mode and selects an optimal mode.
- the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 supplies the prediction image generated in the inter prediction mode selected in this way to the calculation unit 103 and the calculation unit 110 via the selection unit 116.
- the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 supplies the inter prediction mode information indicating the employed inter prediction mode and the motion vector information indicating the calculated motion vector to the lossless encoding unit 106.
- the selection unit 116 supplies the output of the intra prediction unit 114 to the calculation unit 103 and the calculation unit 110 in the case of an image to be subjected to intra coding, and outputs the output of the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 in the case of an image to be subjected to inter coding. It supplies to the calculating part 103 and the calculating part 110.
- the rate control unit 117 controls the quantization operation rate of the quantization unit 105 based on the compressed image stored in the storage buffer 107 so that overflow or underflow does not occur.
- the adaptive scan control unit 121 adaptively controls the scan order for converting the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient, which is a two-dimensional array in the lossless encoding unit 106, into a one-dimensional array according to the image.
- the adaptive scan control unit 121 acquires the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient from the lossless encoding unit 106, observes the distribution of nonzero coefficients whose value is nonzero, and determines the lossless code according to the state of the distribution.
- the scan order of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients in the conversion unit 106 is determined.
- the adaptive scan control unit 121 determines a scan order using a distribution of non-zero coefficients in an image encoded in the past, using the fact that there is a high possibility that images having similar characteristics are consecutive in a moving image.
- the lossless encoding unit 106 scans the orthogonal transform coefficients quantized in the scan order determined by the adaptive scan control unit 121 according to the control.
- the adaptive scan control unit 121 further acquires an input image from the screen rearrangement buffer 102 and determines whether or not the processing target is an IDR (Instantaneous Decoding Refresh) picture.
- IDR Intelligent Decoding Refresh
- the adaptive scan control unit 121 reduces the encoding efficiency by using an inappropriate scan order.
- the scan order is determined to be a predetermined order (initial order).
- the adaptive scan control unit 121 detects the presence / absence of a scene change from the input image acquired from the screen rearrangement buffer 102.
- the adaptive scan control unit 121 increases the coding efficiency by using an inappropriate scan order.
- the scan order is determined to be a predetermined order (initial order).
- the adaptive scan control unit 121 generates flag information (default_scan_flag) indicating whether the scan order is set in the update order updated according to the image or set in the predetermined initial order.
- This flag information is encoded together with the image (quantized orthogonal transform coefficient) by the lossless encoding unit 106 and transmitted to the decoding side. On the decoding side, it is possible to grasp whether the scan order is the initial order or the update order based on the flag information.
- the image encoding device 100 can improve the encoding efficiency accordingly.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration example of the lossless encoding unit 106 and the adaptive scan control unit 121 of FIG.
- the lossless encoding unit 106 includes a macroblock syntax encoding unit 131, a flag encoding unit 132, and a quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133.
- the adaptive scan control unit 121 includes a non-zero coefficient counter 141, a sort unit 142, a scan order buffer 143, an IDR determination unit 144, a scene change detection unit 145, a scan order determination unit 146, and a flag generation unit 147.
- the macroblock syntax encoding unit 131 encodes the prediction mode, motion vector information, and the like supplied from the intra prediction unit 114 or the motion prediction / compensation unit 115, and uses the encoded data as macroblock syntax to store the buffer 107. To supply.
- the flag encoding unit 132 encodes default_scan_flag generated by the flag generation unit 147 and supplies the encoded data to the accumulation buffer 107.
- the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133 encodes the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient supplied from the quantization unit 105 and supplies the encoded data to the accumulation buffer 107. At this time, the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133 acquires the scan order determined by the scan order determining unit 146, and scans and encodes the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients in the scan order.
- the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133 is a non-zero coefficient in each macroblock (partial region serving as an orthogonal transform processing unit of the image) of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient supplied from the quantization unit 105.
- Information (non-zero coefficient position) indicating the position of is supplied to the non-zero coefficient counter 141.
- the non-zero coefficient counter 141 of the adaptive scan control unit 121 acquires the non-zero coefficient position from the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133, counts the non-zero coefficient for each pixel position in the macroblock, For each predetermined amount of data such as a picture, the accumulated value is obtained.
- the non-zero coefficient counter 141 supplies a cumulative frequency distribution that is a cumulative value of non-zero coefficients for each position in the macro block to the sorting unit 142.
- the sorting unit 142 sorts each pixel position in the macro block, which is a partial area serving as an orthogonal transform processing unit of the image, in the order of the cumulative degree.
- the order is determined as the scan order. For example, when there are a plurality of pixel positions having the same accumulation degree, they are ranked and sorted according to a predetermined rule.
- the sort unit 142 supplies the determined scan order to the scan order buffer 143.
- the scan order buffer 143 holds the scan order supplied from the sorting unit 142 as the latest value of the update order that is the updated scan order.
- the scan order buffer 143 supplies the update order to the scan order determining unit 146 as appropriate.
- the IDR determination unit 144 refers to the NAL (Network Abstraction Layer) syntax of the input image information supplied from the screen rearrangement buffer 102, and determines whether or not the processing target is an IDR picture.
- the IDR determination unit 144 supplies the determination result to the scan order determination unit 146.
- the NAL syntax is a syntax related to NAL (network abstraction layer) defined in the AVC encoding method and the like, and an identifier nal_unit_type of the NAL header indicates whether the slice is an IDR picture.
- the scene change detection unit 145 analyzes the input image information supplied from the screen rearrangement buffer 102, and detects the occurrence of a scene change based on the analysis result.
- the method for detecting this scene change is arbitrary.
- the scene change detection unit 145 compares arbitrary statistical values such as a histogram or average value of pixel values between frames of input image information, and if the difference between the statistical value frames is larger than a predetermined reference, that is, When the feature of the image changes greatly, it is determined that a scene change has occurred.
- the scene change detection unit 145 notifies the scan order determination unit 146 of whether or not a scene change has occurred.
- the scan order determination unit 146 stores the scan order in advance based on the IDR determination result supplied from the IDR determination unit 144, the scene change detection result supplied from the scene change detection unit 145, and the like. It is determined whether to change the order or the update order supplied from the scan order buffer 143.
- the scan order determination unit 146 sets an inappropriate scan order for the image.
- the scan order is determined in an initial order, which is a predetermined scan order, such as a conventional zigzag scan, and the quantization orthogonal transform coefficient Notify the encoding unit 133.
- This initial order may be an arbitrary order, but it is generally desirable to use a generally suitable scan order such as a zigzag scan defined in AVC or the like.
- the scan order determination unit 146 supplies the scan order to the update order that is the scan order supplied from the scan order buffer 143 and updated according to the image. And notifies the quantization orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133 of that fact.
- the scan order determination unit 146 also supplies the determination result of the scan order to the flag generation unit 147.
- the flag generation unit 147 sets the value of default_scan_flag according to the determination result, and supplies it to the flag encoding unit 132. For example, when the initial order is selected as the scan order, the flag generation unit 147 sets the value of default_scan_flag to 1. For example, when the update order is selected as the scan order, the flag generation unit 147 sets default_scan_flag to 0.
- the adaptive scan control unit 121 not only selects whether the scan order of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients in the lossless encoding unit 106 is the initial order or the update order, but also the cumulative frequency distribution of non-zero coefficients.
- the update order is updated according to.
- a zigzag scan order as shown in FIG. 8A is preset as the initial order for a 4 ⁇ 4 block.
- each square represents a pixel position in the block.
- the numbers in each square of A in FIG. 8 indicate the scan order (order from 0 to 15).
- the accumulated value of the non-zero coefficient at each pixel position in the block is as shown in FIG. Suppose that it becomes a distribution.
- the numbers in each square indicate the cumulative frequency of non-zero coefficients.
- the sorting unit 142 of the adaptive scan control unit 121 rearranges the scan order in the order of the frequency of this non-zero coefficient, as shown in FIG.
- the numbers in each square of A in FIG. 8 indicate the scan order (order from 0 to 15).
- the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133 of the lossless encoding unit 106 can scan first from a pixel position where a non-zero coefficient is likely to appear. The value can be increased. That is, the lossless encoding unit 106 can perform scanning in a scan order that is more suitable for an image. Therefore, the image encoding device 100 can improve encoding efficiency.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 scans in an inappropriate scan order with respect to the image because the feature of the current image is greatly different from the feature of the past image that is the basis of the scan order. Execution can be suppressed, and reduction in encoding efficiency can be suppressed.
- step S101 the A / D converter 101 performs A / D conversion on the input image.
- step S102 the screen rearrangement buffer 102 stores the A / D converted image, and rearranges the picture from the display order to the encoding order.
- step S103 the calculation unit 103 calculates the difference between the image rearranged by the process in step S102 and the predicted image.
- the predicted image is supplied from the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 in the case of inter prediction and from the intra prediction unit 114 in the case of intra prediction to the calculation unit 103 via the selection unit 116.
- the data amount of difference data is reduced compared to the original image data. Therefore, the data amount can be compressed as compared with the case where the image is encoded as it is.
- step S104 the orthogonal transform unit 104 orthogonally transforms the difference information generated by the process in step S103. Specifically, orthogonal transformation such as discrete cosine transformation and Karhunen-Loeve transformation is performed, and transformation coefficients are output.
- orthogonal transformation such as discrete cosine transformation and Karhunen-Loeve transformation is performed, and transformation coefficients are output.
- step S105 the quantization unit 105 quantizes the orthogonal transform coefficient obtained by the process in step S104.
- step S105 The difference information quantized by the process of step S105 is locally decoded as follows. That is, in step S106, the inverse quantization unit 108 inversely quantizes the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient (also referred to as a quantization coefficient) generated by the process in step S105 with characteristics corresponding to the characteristics of the quantization unit 105. To do. In step S ⁇ b> 107, the inverse orthogonal transform unit 109 performs inverse orthogonal transform on the orthogonal transform coefficient obtained by the process of step S ⁇ b> 106 with characteristics corresponding to the characteristics of the orthogonal transform unit 104.
- the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient also referred to as a quantization coefficient
- step S108 the calculation unit 110 adds the predicted image to the locally decoded difference information, and generates a locally decoded image (an image corresponding to the input to the calculation unit 103).
- step S109 the deblocking filter 111 filters the image generated by the process of step S108. Thereby, block distortion is removed.
- step S110 the frame memory 112 stores an image from which block distortion has been removed by the process in step S109. It should be noted that an image that has not been filtered by the deblocking filter 111 is also supplied from the computing unit 110 and stored in the frame memory 112.
- step S111 the intra prediction unit 114 performs an intra prediction process in the intra prediction mode.
- step S112 the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 performs an inter motion prediction process for performing motion prediction and motion compensation in the inter prediction mode.
- step S113 the selection unit 116 determines the optimal prediction mode based on the cost function values output from the intra prediction unit 114 and the motion prediction / compensation unit 115. That is, the selection unit 116 selects either the prediction image generated by the intra prediction unit 114 or the prediction image generated by the motion prediction / compensation unit 115.
- the selection information indicating which prediction image has been selected is supplied to the intra prediction unit 114 and the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 which has selected the prediction image.
- the intra prediction unit 114 supplies information indicating the optimal intra prediction mode (that is, intra prediction mode information) to the lossless encoding unit 106.
- the motion prediction / compensation unit 115 sends information indicating the optimal inter prediction mode and, if necessary, information corresponding to the optimal inter prediction mode to the lossless encoding unit 106. Output.
- Information according to the optimal inter prediction mode includes motion vector information, flag information, reference frame information, and the like.
- step S114 the lossless encoding unit 106 encodes the transform coefficient quantized by the process in step S105. That is, lossless encoding such as variable length encoding or arithmetic encoding is performed on the difference image (secondary difference image in the case of inter).
- the lossless encoding unit 106 encodes the quantization parameter calculated in step S105 and adds it to the encoded data.
- the lossless encoding unit 106 encodes information regarding the prediction mode of the prediction image selected by the process of step S113, and adds the encoded information to the encoded data obtained by encoding the difference image. That is, the lossless encoding unit 106 also encodes intra prediction mode information supplied from the intra prediction unit 114 or information according to the optimal inter prediction mode supplied from the motion prediction / compensation unit 115, and the like. Append to
- step S115 the accumulation buffer 107 accumulates the encoded data output from the lossless encoding unit 106.
- the encoded data stored in the storage buffer 107 is appropriately read out and transmitted to the decoding side via the transmission path.
- step S116 the rate control unit 117 controls the quantization operation rate of the quantization unit 105 based on the compressed image accumulated in the accumulation buffer 107 by the process in step S115 so that overflow or underflow does not occur. .
- step S116 When the process of step S116 is finished, the encoding process is finished.
- the IDR determination unit 144 determines whether or not the processing target image is an IDR picture in step S131. If it is determined that the picture is not an IDR picture, the IDR judgment unit 144 advances the processing to step S132.
- step S132 the scene change detection unit 145 determines whether the processing target image includes a scene change. If it is determined that the scene change is not included, the scene change detection unit 145 proceeds with the process to step S133.
- step S134 the flag encoding unit 132 encodes the default_scan_flag.
- step S135 the scan order determination unit 146 selects the update order as the scan order of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients in the lossless encoding unit 106 (quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133), and the process proceeds to step S139. Proceed.
- step S132 If it is determined in step S132 that the processing target image does not include a scene change, the scene change detection unit 145 advances the processing to step S136.
- step S137 the flag encoding unit 132 encodes the default_scan_flag, and the process proceeds to step S138.
- step S131 when it is determined in step S131 that the processing target image is an IDR picture, the IDR determination unit 144 advances the processing to step S138. That is, in this case, the flag generation unit 147 does not generate default_scan_flag. Even on the decoding side, the IDR picture can be easily detected from the NAL syntax. Therefore, even if there is no default_scan_flag, it can be easily understood that the initial order is selected. By omitting transmission of this default_scan_flag in the case of an IDR picture, the image encoding device 100 can suppress a reduction in encoding efficiency due to transmission of the default_scan_flag.
- step S138 the scan order determining unit 146 selects the initial order as the scan order of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients in the lossless encoding unit 106 (quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133), and the process proceeds to step S139. Proceed.
- step S139 the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133 scans the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients of the processing target macroblock in the scan order (selection order) selected in step S135 or step S138.
- step S140 the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients are encoded in the scanned order.
- step S141 the non-zero coefficient counter 141 counts the non-zero coefficient at each pixel position in the macroblock and accumulates it in a predetermined data unit (picture or slice).
- step S142 the non-zero coefficient counter 141 determines whether all macroblocks within a predetermined data unit have been processed. When it is determined that there is an unprocessed macroblock, the non-zero coefficient counter 141 returns the process to step S139 and repeats the subsequent processes.
- step S142 If it is determined in step S142 that all macroblocks have been processed, the non-zero coefficient counter 141 advances the process to step S143.
- step S143 the sorting unit 142 arranges the scan order in the order of the cumulative value of the non-zero coefficient (according to the cumulative frequency distribution).
- step S144 the scan order buffer 143 updates the update order in the scan order set in step S143.
- step S144 the adaptive scan control unit 121 ends the lossless encoding process, returns the process to step S114 of FIG. 9, and repeats the subsequent processes.
- the adaptive scan control unit 121 adaptively controls the scan order performed in the lossless encoding unit 106 according to the characteristics of the image, so the image encoding device 100 improves the encoding efficiency. be able to.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration example of an image decoding device.
- An image decoding apparatus 200 shown in FIG. 11 is a decoding apparatus corresponding to the image encoding apparatus 100 of FIG.
- encoded data encoded by the image encoding device 100 is transmitted to the image decoding device 200 corresponding to the image encoding device 100 via a predetermined transmission path and decoded.
- the image decoding apparatus 200 includes a storage buffer 201, a lossless decoding unit 202, an inverse quantization unit 203, an inverse orthogonal transform unit 204, a calculation unit 205, a deblock filter 206, a screen rearrangement buffer 207, And a D / A converter 208.
- the image decoding apparatus 200 includes a frame memory 209, a selection unit 210, an intra prediction unit 211, a motion prediction / compensation unit 212, and a selection unit 213.
- the image decoding apparatus 200 further includes an adaptive reverse scan control unit 221.
- the accumulation buffer 201 accumulates the transmitted encoded data. This encoded data is encoded by the image encoding device 100.
- the lossless decoding unit 202 decodes the encoded data read from the accumulation buffer 201 at a predetermined timing by a method corresponding to the encoding method of the lossless encoding unit 106 in FIG.
- the lossless decoding unit 202 performs reverse scan on the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient obtained by decoding the encoded data in the reverse scan order determined by the adaptive reverse scan control unit 221, and outputs 2 from the one-dimensional array. Rearrange into an array of dimensions.
- the inverse quantization unit 203 inversely quantizes the coefficient data (quantization coefficient) obtained by decoding by the lossless decoding unit 202 by a method corresponding to the quantization method of the quantization unit 105 in FIG.
- the inverse quantization unit 203 supplies the inversely quantized coefficient data, that is, the orthogonal transform coefficient, to the inverse orthogonal transform unit 204.
- the inverse orthogonal transform unit 204 is a method corresponding to the orthogonal transform method of the orthogonal transform unit 104 in FIG. 6, performs inverse orthogonal transform on the orthogonal transform coefficient, and converts it into residual data before being orthogonally transformed by the image coding apparatus 100. Corresponding decoding residual data is obtained.
- the decoded residual data obtained by the inverse orthogonal transform is supplied to the calculation unit 205.
- a prediction image is supplied to the calculation unit 205 from the intra prediction unit 211 or the motion prediction / compensation unit 212 via the selection unit 213.
- the calculation unit 205 adds the decoded residual data and the prediction image, and obtains decoded image data corresponding to the image data before the prediction image is subtracted by the calculation unit 103 of the image encoding device 100.
- the arithmetic unit 205 supplies the decoded image data to the deblock filter 206.
- the deblocking filter 206 removes the block distortion of the supplied decoded image, and then supplies it to the screen rearrangement buffer 207.
- the screen rearrangement buffer 207 rearranges images. That is, the order of frames rearranged for the encoding order by the screen rearrangement buffer 102 in FIG. 6 is rearranged in the original display order.
- the D / A conversion unit 208 D / A converts the image supplied from the screen rearrangement buffer 207, outputs it to a display (not shown), and displays it.
- the output of the deblock filter 206 is further supplied to the frame memory 209.
- the frame memory 209, the selection unit 210, the intra prediction unit 211, the motion prediction / compensation unit 212, and the selection unit 213 are the frame memory 112, the selection unit 113, the intra prediction unit 114, and the motion prediction of the image encoding device 100 in FIG. Corresponding to the compensation unit 115 and the selection unit 116, respectively.
- the selection unit 210 reads out the inter-processed image and the referenced image from the frame memory 209 and supplies them to the motion prediction / compensation unit 212. Further, the selection unit 210 reads an image used for intra prediction from the frame memory 209 and supplies the image to the intra prediction unit 211.
- the intra prediction unit 211 is appropriately supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202 with information indicating the intra prediction mode obtained by decoding the header information. Based on this information, the intra prediction unit 211 generates a prediction image from the reference image acquired from the frame memory 209 and supplies the generated prediction image to the selection unit 213.
- the motion prediction / compensation unit 212 acquires information (prediction mode information, motion vector information, reference frame information, flags, various parameters, and the like) obtained by decoding the header information from the lossless decoding unit 202.
- the motion prediction / compensation unit 212 generates a prediction image from the reference image acquired from the frame memory 209 based on the information supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202, and supplies the generated prediction image to the selection unit 213.
- the selection unit 213 selects the prediction image generated by the motion prediction / compensation unit 212 or the intra prediction unit 211 and supplies the selected prediction image to the calculation unit 205.
- the adaptive inverse scan control unit 221 performs a reverse scan order for converting the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient obtained by decoding the encoded data in the lossless decoding unit 202 from a one-dimensional array to a two-dimensional array according to the image. And adaptively control.
- the adaptive inverse scan control unit 221 returns the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients rearranged according to the scan order determined by the adaptive scan control unit 121 in FIG. 6 to the original array (arrangement in the scan order).
- the reverse scan order is determined so that rearrangement is performed in the reverse order.
- the adaptive inverse scan control unit 221 acquires the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient obtained by decoding by the lossless decoding unit 202, observes the distribution of the non-zero coefficient whose value is non-zero, Depending on the situation, the reverse scan order of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients in the lossless decoding unit 202 is updated (update order).
- the adaptive reverse scan control unit 221 updates the update order using the distribution of non-zero coefficients in the previously decoded image by using the possibility that images having similar features are likely to continue in a moving image. .
- the adaptive reverse scan control unit 221 is similar to the scan order update method by the adaptive scan control unit 121 of FIG. 6 so that the reverse scan update order corresponds to the scan update order (in reverse order). Update the reverse scan order.
- the adaptive reverse scan control unit 221 further performs IDR picture determination and scene change detection based on syntax and flag information (default_scan_flag) included in the encoded data, and in this case, the reverse scan order is determined in advance.
- the predetermined order (initial order) is determined.
- the adaptive reverse scan control unit 221 determines the reverse scan order as the update order.
- the adaptive reverse scan control unit 221 controls the reverse scan order so as to correspond to the control of the adaptive scan control unit 121 in FIG. 6, and the reverse scan is performed under the condition that the adaptive scan control unit 121 selects the initial order.
- the order is set to the initial order, and the reverse scan order is set to the update order under the condition that the adaptive scan control unit 121 selects the update order.
- the lossless decoding unit 202 performs reverse scanning of the orthogonal transform coefficients quantized in the reverse scanning order determined by the adaptive reverse scanning control unit 221 according to the control.
- the lossless decoding unit 202 can perform reverse scanning in the reverse order to the scanning order in the lossless encoding unit 106. That is, the lossless decoding unit 202 can correctly reverse-scan the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient scanned by the lossless encoding unit 106 according to the characteristics of the image. Therefore, the image decoding apparatus 200 can correctly decode the encoded data encoded by the image encoding apparatus 100, and can improve the encoding efficiency.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration example of the lossless decoding unit 202 and the adaptive reverse scan control unit 221 of FIG.
- the lossless decoding unit 202 includes a macroblock syntax decoding unit 231, a NAL syntax decoding unit 232, a flag decoding unit 233, and a quantized orthogonal transform coefficient decoding unit 234.
- the adaptive reverse scan control unit 221 includes a non-zero coefficient counter 241, a sort unit 242, a reverse scan order buffer 243, an IDR determination unit 244, a flag determination unit 245, and a reverse scan order determination unit. H.246.
- the macroblock syntax decoding unit 231 decodes the encoded data of the macroblock syntax supplied from the accumulation buffer 201, and uses the intra prediction unit 211 or the motion prediction / This is supplied to the compensation unit 212.
- the NAL syntax decoding unit 232 decodes the encoded NAL syntax data supplied from the accumulation buffer 201 and supplies the NAL syntax obtained by decoding to the IDR determination unit 244.
- the flag decoding unit 233 decodes the encoded data of default_scan_flag supplied from the accumulation buffer 201 and supplies default_scan_flag obtained by decoding to the flag determination unit 245.
- the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient decoding unit 234 decodes the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoded data supplied from the accumulation buffer 201, and adaptively converts the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient obtained by decoding. Reverse scanning is performed in the reverse scanning order controlled by the scan control unit 221, and the rearranged quantized orthogonal transform coefficients are supplied to the inverse quantization unit 203.
- the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient decoding unit 234 supplies the non-zero coefficient counter 241 with information indicating the pixel position in the macro block of the non-zero coefficient of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient.
- the non-zero coefficient counter 241 counts the non-zero coefficient of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient for each pixel position in the macroblock, and a predetermined data unit (for example, picture or slice) of the non-zero coefficient at each pixel position. And the like (accumulated frequency distribution) are supplied to the sorting unit 242.
- the sorting unit 242 sorts the pixel positions in the macroblock in the order of the accumulation based on the cumulative frequency distribution of the non-zero coefficient supplied from the non-zero coefficient counter 241 and determines the reverse order of the order as the reverse scan order. To do. For example, when there are a plurality of pixel positions having the same accumulation degree, the sorting unit 242 ranks them according to a predetermined rule and sorts them. This rule corresponds to the rule that the sorting unit 142 has (reverse order of the ranking performed by the sorting unit 142). The sort unit 242 supplies the determined reverse scan order to the reverse scan order buffer 243.
- the reverse scan order buffer 243 holds the update order of the reverse scan order.
- the reverse scan order buffer 243 holds the reverse scan order supplied from the sorting unit 242 as the latest value of the update order that is the updated reverse scan order.
- the reverse scan order buffer 243 supplies the update order to the reverse scan order determination unit 246 as appropriate.
- the IDR determination unit 244 refers to the NAL syntax supplied from the NAL syntax decoding unit 232 and determines whether or not the processing target is an IDR picture. The IDR determination unit 244 supplies the determination result to the reverse scan order determination unit 246.
- the flag determination unit 245 determines the value of default_scan_flag supplied from the flag decoding unit 233, and detects the occurrence of a scene change.
- default_scan_flag is a value indicating the occurrence of a scene change (for example, “1” or the like)
- the flag determination unit 245 notifies the reverse scan order determination unit 246 that a scene change has occurred.
- the value of default_scan_flag is a value indicating that no scene change has occurred (for example, “0” or the like)
- the flag determination unit 245 notifies the reverse scan order determination unit 246 that no scene change has occurred. Notice.
- the reverse scan order determination unit 246 updates or updates the reverse scan order in the initial order The order is selected, and the selection result is notified to the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient decoding unit 234.
- the reverse scan order determination unit 246 determines the reverse scan order as For example, it is determined in an initial order which is a predetermined scan order such as a conventional zigzag scan, and this is notified to the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133.
- the initial order of the reverse scan order is reverse to the initial order of the scan order included in the scan order determination unit 146 of the image encoding device 100.
- the reverse scan order determination unit 246 supplies the reverse scan order from the reverse scan order buffer 243 updated according to the image.
- the update order is determined, and the fact is notified to the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133.
- step S201 the accumulation buffer 201 accumulates the transmitted encoded data.
- step S202 the lossless decoding unit 202 and the adaptive reverse scan control unit 221 decode the encoded data supplied from the accumulation buffer 201. That is, the I picture, P picture, and B picture encoded by the lossless encoding unit 106 in FIG. 6 are decoded.
- motion vector information reference frame information
- prediction mode information intra prediction mode or inter prediction mode
- information such as flags and quantization parameters
- the prediction mode information is intra prediction mode information
- the prediction mode information is supplied to the intra prediction unit 211.
- the prediction mode information is inter prediction mode information
- motion vector information corresponding to the prediction mode information is supplied to the motion prediction / compensation unit 212.
- step S203 the inverse quantization unit 203 performs inverse quantization on the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient obtained by decoding by the lossless decoding unit 202 by a method corresponding to the quantization processing by the quantization unit 105 in FIG.
- step S204 the inverse orthogonal transform unit 204 performs inverse orthogonal transform on the orthogonal transform coefficient obtained by inverse quantization by the inverse quantization unit 203 by a method corresponding to the orthogonal transform processing by the orthogonal transform unit 104 in FIG.
- the difference information corresponding to the input of the orthogonal transform unit 104 output of the calculation unit 103) in FIG. 6 is decoded.
- step S205 the calculation unit 205 adds the predicted image to the difference information obtained by the process in step S204. As a result, the original image data is decoded.
- step S206 the deblocking filter 206 appropriately filters the decoded image obtained by the process in step S205. Thereby, block distortion is appropriately removed from the decoded image.
- step S207 the frame memory 209 stores the filtered decoded image.
- step S208 the intra prediction unit 211 or the motion prediction / compensation unit 212 performs image prediction processing corresponding to the prediction mode information supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202, respectively.
- the intra prediction unit 211 performs an intra prediction process in the intra prediction mode. Also, when inter prediction mode information is supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202, the motion prediction / compensation unit 212 performs motion prediction processing in the inter prediction mode.
- step S209 the selection unit 213 selects a predicted image. That is, the prediction unit 213 is supplied with the prediction image generated by the intra prediction unit 211 or the prediction image generated by the motion prediction / compensation unit 212. The selection unit 213 selects the side to which the predicted image is supplied, and supplies the predicted image to the calculation unit 205. This predicted image is added to the difference information by the process of step S205.
- step S210 the screen rearrangement buffer 207 rearranges the frames of the decoded image data. That is, the order of the frames of the decoded image data rearranged for encoding by the screen rearrangement buffer 102 (FIG. 6) of the image encoding device 100 is rearranged to the original display order.
- step S211 the D / A converter 208 D / A converts the decoded image data in which the frames are rearranged in the screen rearrangement buffer 207.
- the decoded image data is output to a display (not shown), and the image is displayed.
- the NAL syntax decoding unit 232 decodes the NAL syntax in step S231.
- the IDR determination unit 244 determines whether the processing target is an IDR picture based on information included in the decoded NAL syntax. If it is determined that the processing target is not an IDR picture (the orthogonal transform coefficient to be decoded is not an IDR picture), the IDR determination unit 244 advances the processing to step S233.
- step S233 the flag decoding unit 233 decodes default_scan_flag.
- step S234 the flag determination unit 245 determines whether or not the value of the decoded default_scan_flag is 1 (a value indicating that a scene change is included). When it is determined that the scene change is not included based on the value of default_scan_flag, the flag determination unit 245 advances the process to step S235.
- step S235 the reverse scan order determination unit 246 selects the update order as the reverse scan order.
- the reverse scan order determination unit 246 advances the process to step S237.
- step S232 If it is determined in step S232 that the process target is an IDR picture, the IDR determination unit 244 advances the process to step S236. Furthermore, when it is determined in step S234 that the value of the decoded default_scan_flag is 0 (a value indicating that no scene change is included), the flag determination unit 245 advances the process to step S236.
- step S236 the reverse scan order determination unit 246 selects the initial order as the reverse scan order. When the initial order is selected, the reverse scan order determination unit 246 advances the process to step S237.
- step S237 the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient decoding unit 234 decodes the encoded data of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients for the processing target macroblock.
- step S2308 the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient decoding unit 234 selects the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients obtained by decoding in step S237 in the order selected in step S235 or step S236 (initial order or update order). , Reverse scan, and rearrange to the secondary array, and supply it to the inverse quantization unit 203.
- step S239 the non-zero coefficient counter 241 counts the non-zero coefficient for each pixel position in the macroblock.
- step S240 the non-zero coefficient counter 241 determines whether or not all macroblocks have been processed for a predetermined data unit (for example, a picture or a slice). If it is determined that there is an unprocessed macroblock, the non-zero coefficient counter 241 returns the process to step S237 and repeats the subsequent processes.
- a predetermined data unit for example, a picture or a slice
- step S240 If it is determined in step S240 that all macroblocks have been processed, the non-zero coefficient counter 241 advances the processing to step S241.
- step S241 the sorting unit 242 sets the reverse scan order in the order of the cumulative value of the non-zero coefficient of the predetermined data unit (for example, picture or slice) described above.
- step S242 the reverse scan order buffer 243 updates the update order by holding the reverse scan order set in step S241.
- step S242 When the process of step S242 is completed, the lossless decoding unit 202 and the adaptive inverse scan control unit 221 end the lossless decoding process.
- the image decoding apparatus 200 By executing each process as described above, the image decoding apparatus 200 correctly reproduces the reverse order of the scan order adaptively determined by the adaptive scan control unit 121 of the image encoding apparatus 100 according to the feature of the image. Can be in reverse scan order. Also, the image decoding apparatus 200 employs the initial order or the update order as the scan order in the image encoding apparatus 100 based on the NAL syntax and flag information of the codestream supplied from the image encoding apparatus 100. It is possible to correctly determine whether it has been done. That is, since the image decoding apparatus 200 can correctly decode the encoded data generated by the image encoding apparatus 100, the encoding efficiency can be improved.
- the accumulation of non-zero coefficients for each pixel position is used as a statistical value for determining the update order of the scan order or reverse scan order.
- any statistical value other than this such as an average value of accumulated values of non-zero coefficients, may be used as this statistical value.
- the update order of the scan order or the reverse scan order may be determined using other than the statistical value of the non-zero coefficient.
- the statistical value is calculated for each predetermined data unit such as a picture or a slice.
- this data unit is arbitrary.
- the statistical value of the non-zero coefficient in the past similar slice is used to update the scan order and reverse scan order of each slice (picture).
- the scan order of the I slice is updated according to the frequency distribution of the non-zero coefficient in the I slice processed immediately before
- the scan order of the P slice is the non-zero coefficient in the P slice processed immediately before. It is updated according to the frequency distribution
- the scan order of the B slice is updated according to the frequency distribution of the non-zero coefficient in the B slice processed immediately before.
- the statistical values used for updating the scan order and reverse scan order are arbitrary.
- the scan order and reverse scan order performed independently of each other, such as using different statistical values for updating the scan order and reverse scan order in the case of I slice, P slice, and B slice. May be updated based on different statistical values.
- different scan methods may be applied according to the intra prediction mode.
- different scan methods may be applied according to the motion compensation partition mode such as 16 ⁇ 16, 16 ⁇ 8.
- the statistical value of the non-zero coefficient in the slice processed immediately before is obtained as shown in A of FIG.
- the scan order may be updated based on the non-zero coefficient statistics in the slice at the same position in the picture processed immediately before, as shown in FIG. 16B. May be updated.
- the scan order employed in the image encoding device 100 may be transmitted to the image decoding device 200.
- the image decoding apparatus 200 can easily obtain the correct reverse scan order according to the scan order.
- the scan order and the reverse scan order are updated using the statistical value of the non-zero coefficient in the image processed in the past.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the non-zero coefficient in the current image to be processed is used.
- the scan order and the reverse scan order may be updated using the statistical values (the scan order or reverse scan order updated based on the processing target image is used in the processing of the processing target image).
- the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133 holds the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients supplied from the quantizing unit 105 for a predetermined data unit (for example, a slice or a picture),
- the zero coefficient counter 141 obtains the isotopic distribution of non-zero coefficients for the orthogonal transform coefficient
- the sort unit 142 sets the scan order
- the scan order buffer 143 updates the update order.
- the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient encoding unit 133 scans the held orthogonal transform coefficients in the update order for each macroblock.
- the lossless encoding unit 106 can perform scanning in a scanning order more suitable for the feature of the image.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 sets the adopted update order (scan order) to the image decoding apparatus. 200 need to be transmitted.
- the scan order and the reverse scan order are updated according to the cumulative frequency distribution of the non-zero coefficients.
- a threshold value may be provided for determining whether to update. For example, when the frequency of appearance of non-zero coefficients is small and the cumulative frequency distribution is uniform, there is no significant difference in coding efficiency regardless of the order of scanning. Therefore, in such a case, updating in the update order may be omitted to reduce the load.
- the initial order may be further selected as the scan order and the reverse scan order.
- the update order that is adaptively updated according to the characteristics of the image (such as the cumulative frequency distribution of non-zero coefficients) or the initial order has been selected.
- One of a plurality of prepared scan orders may be adaptively selected according to image characteristics (such as a cumulative frequency distribution of non-zero coefficients).
- the closest scan order may be selected from a plurality of scan orders prepared in advance based on the frequency distribution of non-zero coefficients. The same applies to the reverse scan order.
- Non-Patent Document 1 the control of the scan order and reverse scan order described above may be applied only to extended macroblocks (macroblocks larger than a predetermined size) as proposed in Non-Patent Document 1.
- the scan order in which the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients are scanned has been described.
- the present technology provides a scan order for converting arbitrary coefficient data from a two-dimensional array to a one-dimensional array ( Any process can be applied as long as it controls the (order of sorting).
- the orthogonal transform coefficient may not be quantized.
- the scanned data may not be orthogonal transform coefficients, but may be coefficient data generated by transforming image data by another transform process different from orthogonal transform. The same applies to reverse scanning.
- the image encoding device that performs encoding according to the AVC method and the image decoding device that performs decoding according to the AVC method have been described as examples.
- the scope of application of the present technology is not limited thereto.
- the present invention can be applied to all image encoding devices and image decoding devices that perform orthogonal transform processing and encoding processing that scans orthogonal transform coefficients in a predetermined scan order.
- the information such as default_scan_flag described above may be added to an arbitrary position of the encoded data, for example, or may be transmitted to the decoding side separately from the encoded data.
- the lossless encoding unit 106 may describe these pieces of information as syntax in the bitstream.
- the lossless encoding unit 106 may store and transmit these pieces of information as auxiliary information in a predetermined area.
- these pieces of information may be stored in a parameter set (eg, sequence or picture header) such as SEI (Suplemental / Enhancement / Information).
- the lossless encoding unit 106 may transmit these pieces of information from the image encoding device 100 to the image decoding device 200 separately from the encoded data (as a separate file). In that case, it is necessary to clarify the correspondence between these pieces of information and encoded data (so that the information can be grasped on the decoding side), but the method is arbitrary. For example, table information indicating the correspondence relationship may be created separately, or link information indicating the correspondence destination data may be embedded in each other's data.
- a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 501 of the personal computer 500 performs various processes according to a program stored in a ROM (Read Only Memory) 502 or a program loaded from a storage unit 513 to a RAM (Random Access Memory) 503. Execute the process.
- the RAM 503 also appropriately stores data necessary for the CPU 501 to execute various processes.
- the CPU 501, the ROM 502, and the RAM 503 are connected to each other via a bus 504.
- An input / output interface 510 is also connected to the bus 504.
- the input / output interface 510 includes an input unit 511 including a keyboard and a mouse, a display including a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) and an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), an output unit 512 including a speaker, and a hard disk.
- a communication unit 514 including a storage unit 513 and a modem is connected. The communication unit 514 performs communication processing via a network including the Internet.
- a drive 515 is connected to the input / output interface 510 as necessary, and a removable medium 521 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory is appropriately mounted, and a computer program read from them is It is installed in the storage unit 513 as necessary.
- a removable medium 521 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory is appropriately mounted, and a computer program read from them is It is installed in the storage unit 513 as necessary.
- a program constituting the software is installed from a network or a recording medium.
- the recording medium is distributed to distribute the program to the user separately from the apparatus main body, and includes a magnetic disk (including a flexible disk) on which the program is recorded, an optical disk ( It only consists of removable media 521 consisting of CD-ROM (compact disc -read only memory), DVD (including digital Versatile disc), magneto-optical disk (including MD (mini disc)), or semiconductor memory. Rather, it is composed of a ROM 502 on which a program is recorded and a hard disk included in the storage unit 513, which is distributed to the user in a state of being pre-installed in the apparatus body.
- a magnetic disk including a flexible disk
- an optical disk It only consists of removable media 521 consisting of CD-ROM (compact disc -read only memory), DVD (including digital Versatile disc), magneto-optical disk (including MD (mini disc)), or semiconductor memory. Rather, it is composed of a ROM 502 on which a program is recorded and a hard disk included in the storage unit 513, which is distributed
- the program executed by the computer may be a program that is processed in time series in the order described in this specification, or in parallel or at a necessary timing such as when a call is made. It may be a program for processing.
- the step of describing the program recorded on the recording medium is not limited to the processing performed in chronological order according to the described order, but may be performed in parallel or It also includes processes that are executed individually.
- system represents the entire apparatus composed of a plurality of devices (apparatuses).
- the configuration described as one device (or processing unit) may be divided and configured as a plurality of devices (or processing units).
- the configurations described above as a plurality of devices (or processing units) may be combined into a single device (or processing unit).
- a configuration other than that described above may be added to the configuration of each device (or each processing unit).
- a part of the configuration of a certain device (or processing unit) may be included in the configuration of another device (or other processing unit).
- image encoding device and image decoding device can be applied to any electronic device. Examples thereof will be described below.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration example of a television receiver using the image decoding device 200.
- a terrestrial tuner 1013 has a terrestrial tuner 1013, a video decoder 1015, a video signal processing circuit 1018, a graphic generation circuit 1019, a panel drive circuit 1020, and a display panel 1021.
- the terrestrial tuner 1013 receives a broadcast wave signal of terrestrial analog broadcast via an antenna, demodulates it, acquires a video signal, and supplies it to the video decoder 1015.
- the video decoder 1015 performs a decoding process on the video signal supplied from the terrestrial tuner 1013 and supplies the obtained digital component signal to the video signal processing circuit 1018.
- the video signal processing circuit 1018 performs predetermined processing such as noise removal on the video data supplied from the video decoder 1015 and supplies the obtained video data to the graphic generation circuit 1019.
- the graphic generation circuit 1019 generates video data of a program to be displayed on the display panel 1021, image data by processing based on an application supplied via a network, and the generated video data and image data to the panel drive circuit 1020. Supply.
- the graphic generation circuit 1019 generates video data (graphics) for displaying a screen used by the user for selecting an item and superimposing it on the video data of the program.
- a process of supplying data to the panel drive circuit 1020 is also appropriately performed.
- the panel drive circuit 1020 drives the display panel 1021 based on the data supplied from the graphic generation circuit 1019, and causes the display panel 1021 to display the video of the program and the various screens described above.
- the display panel 1021 is composed of an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) or the like, and displays a program video or the like according to control by the panel drive circuit 1020.
- LCD Liquid Crystal Display
- the television receiver 1000 also includes an audio A / D (Analog / Digital) conversion circuit 1014, an audio signal processing circuit 1022, an echo cancellation / audio synthesis circuit 1023, an audio amplification circuit 1024, and a speaker 1025.
- an audio A / D (Analog / Digital) conversion circuit 1014 An audio signal processing circuit 1022, an echo cancellation / audio synthesis circuit 1023, an audio amplification circuit 1024, and a speaker 1025.
- the terrestrial tuner 1013 acquires not only the video signal but also the audio signal by demodulating the received broadcast wave signal.
- the terrestrial tuner 1013 supplies the acquired audio signal to the audio A / D conversion circuit 1014.
- the audio A / D conversion circuit 1014 performs A / D conversion processing on the audio signal supplied from the terrestrial tuner 1013, and supplies the obtained digital audio signal to the audio signal processing circuit 1022.
- the audio signal processing circuit 1022 performs predetermined processing such as noise removal on the audio data supplied from the audio A / D conversion circuit 1014 and supplies the obtained audio data to the echo cancellation / audio synthesis circuit 1023.
- the echo cancellation / voice synthesis circuit 1023 supplies the voice data supplied from the voice signal processing circuit 1022 to the voice amplification circuit 1024.
- the audio amplification circuit 1024 performs D / A conversion processing and amplification processing on the audio data supplied from the echo cancellation / audio synthesis circuit 1023, adjusts to a predetermined volume, and then outputs the audio from the speaker 1025.
- the television receiver 1000 also has a digital tuner 1016 and an MPEG decoder 1017.
- the digital tuner 1016 receives a broadcast wave signal of digital broadcasting (terrestrial digital broadcasting, BS (Broadcasting Satellite) / CS (Communications Satellite) digital broadcasting) via an antenna, demodulates, and MPEG-TS (Moving Picture Experts Group). -Transport Stream) and supply it to the MPEG decoder 1017.
- digital broadcasting terrestrial digital broadcasting, BS (Broadcasting Satellite) / CS (Communications Satellite) digital broadcasting
- MPEG-TS Motion Picture Experts Group
- the MPEG decoder 1017 releases the scramble applied to the MPEG-TS supplied from the digital tuner 1016 and extracts a stream including program data to be played (viewing target).
- the MPEG decoder 1017 decodes the audio packet constituting the extracted stream, supplies the obtained audio data to the audio signal processing circuit 1022, decodes the video packet constituting the stream, and converts the obtained video data into the video This is supplied to the signal processing circuit 1018.
- the MPEG decoder 1017 supplies EPG (Electronic Program Guide) data extracted from the MPEG-TS to the CPU 1032 via a path (not shown).
- EPG Electronic Program Guide
- the television receiver 1000 uses the above-described image decoding device 200 as the MPEG decoder 1017 for decoding video packets in this way.
- MPEG-TS transmitted from a broadcasting station or the like is encoded by the image encoding device 100.
- the MPEG decoder 1017 can specify the reverse scan order corresponding to the scan order employed in the image encoding device 100 based on the NAL syntax and default_scan_flag, as in the case of the image decoding device 200. Therefore, the MPEG decoder 1017 can correctly decode the encoded data in which the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient is scanned and encoded according to the scan order adaptively controlled according to the feature of the image. Efficiency can be improved.
- the video data supplied from the MPEG decoder 1017 is subjected to predetermined processing in the video signal processing circuit 1018 as in the case of the video data supplied from the video decoder 1015, and the generated video data in the graphic generation circuit 1019. Are appropriately superimposed and supplied to the display panel 1021 via the panel drive circuit 1020, and the image is displayed.
- the audio data supplied from the MPEG decoder 1017 is subjected to predetermined processing in the audio signal processing circuit 1022 as in the case of the audio data supplied from the audio A / D conversion circuit 1014, and an echo cancellation / audio synthesis circuit 1023.
- predetermined processing in the audio signal processing circuit 1022 as in the case of the audio data supplied from the audio A / D conversion circuit 1014, and an echo cancellation / audio synthesis circuit 1023.
- sound adjusted to a predetermined volume is output from the speaker 1025.
- the television receiver 1000 also includes a microphone 1026 and an A / D conversion circuit 1027.
- the A / D conversion circuit 1027 receives a user's voice signal captured by a microphone 1026 provided in the television receiver 1000 for voice conversation, and performs A / D conversion processing on the received voice signal.
- the obtained digital audio data is supplied to the echo cancellation / audio synthesis circuit 1023.
- the echo cancellation / audio synthesis circuit 1023 performs echo cancellation on the audio data of the user A.
- the voice data obtained by combining with other voice data is output from the speaker 1025 via the voice amplifier circuit 1024.
- the television receiver 1000 also includes an audio codec 1028, an internal bus 1029, an SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) 1030, a flash memory 1031, a CPU 1032, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) I / F 1033, and a network I / F 1034.
- an audio codec 1028 an internal bus 1029
- an SDRAM Serial Dynamic Random Access Memory
- flash memory 1031
- CPU central processing unit
- USB Universal Serial Bus
- the A / D conversion circuit 1027 receives a user's voice signal captured by a microphone 1026 provided in the television receiver 1000 for voice conversation, and performs A / D conversion processing on the received voice signal.
- the obtained digital audio data is supplied to the audio codec 1028.
- the audio codec 1028 converts the audio data supplied from the A / D conversion circuit 1027 into data of a predetermined format for transmission via the network, and supplies the data to the network I / F 1034 via the internal bus 1029.
- the network I / F 1034 is connected to the network via a cable attached to the network terminal 1035.
- the network I / F 1034 transmits the audio data supplied from the audio codec 1028 to another device connected to the network.
- the network I / F 1034 receives, for example, audio data transmitted from another device connected via the network via the network terminal 1035, and receives the audio data via the internal bus 1029 to the audio codec 1028. Supply.
- the voice codec 1028 converts the voice data supplied from the network I / F 1034 into data of a predetermined format and supplies it to the echo cancellation / voice synthesis circuit 1023.
- the echo cancellation / speech synthesis circuit 1023 performs echo cancellation on the speech data supplied from the speech codec 1028, and synthesizes speech data obtained by combining with other speech data via the speech amplification circuit 1024. And output from the speaker 1025.
- the SDRAM 1030 stores various data necessary for the CPU 1032 to perform processing.
- the flash memory 1031 stores a program executed by the CPU 1032.
- the program stored in the flash memory 1031 is read by the CPU 1032 at a predetermined timing such as when the television receiver 1000 is activated.
- the flash memory 1031 also stores EPG data acquired via digital broadcasting, data acquired from a predetermined server via a network, and the like.
- the flash memory 1031 stores MPEG-TS including content data acquired from a predetermined server via a network under the control of the CPU 1032.
- the flash memory 1031 supplies the MPEG-TS to the MPEG decoder 1017 via the internal bus 1029, for example, under the control of the CPU 1032.
- the MPEG decoder 1017 processes the MPEG-TS as in the case of MPEG-TS supplied from the digital tuner 1016. In this way, the television receiver 1000 receives content data including video and audio via the network, decodes it using the MPEG decoder 1017, displays the video, and outputs audio. Can do.
- the television receiver 1000 also includes a light receiving unit 1037 that receives an infrared signal transmitted from the remote controller 1051.
- the light receiving unit 1037 receives infrared rays from the remote controller 1051 and outputs a control code representing the contents of the user operation obtained by demodulation to the CPU 1032.
- the CPU 1032 executes a program stored in the flash memory 1031 and controls the entire operation of the television receiver 1000 according to a control code supplied from the light receiving unit 1037.
- the CPU 1032 and each part of the television receiver 1000 are connected via a path (not shown).
- the USB I / F 1033 transmits / receives data to / from an external device of the television receiver 1000 connected via a USB cable attached to the USB terminal 1036.
- the network I / F 1034 is connected to the network via a cable attached to the network terminal 1035, and transmits / receives data other than audio data to / from various devices connected to the network.
- the television receiver 1000 uses the image decoding apparatus 200 as the MPEG decoder 1017, so that a broadcast wave signal received via an antenna or a quantized orthogonal transform coefficient of content data obtained via a network is converted into an image. Even when the data is scanned and encoded in a scan order that is adaptively controlled according to the above characteristics, the encoded data can be correctly decoded, and the encoding efficiency can be improved.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration example of a mobile phone using the image encoding device 100 and the image decoding device 200.
- a mobile phone 1100 shown in FIG. 19 includes a main control unit 1150, a power supply circuit unit 1151, an operation input control unit 1152, an image encoder 1153, a camera I / F unit 1154, an LCD control, which are configured to comprehensively control each unit.
- the mobile phone 1100 also includes operation keys 1119, a CCD (Charge Coupled Devices) camera 1116, a liquid crystal display 1118, a storage unit 1123, a transmission / reception circuit unit 1163, an antenna 1114, a microphone (microphone) 1121, and a speaker 1117.
- a CCD Charge Coupled Devices
- the power supply circuit unit 1151 starts up the mobile phone 1100 in an operable state by supplying power from the battery pack to each unit.
- the mobile phone 1100 transmits and receives voice signals, e-mails and image data, and images in various modes such as a voice call mode and a data communication mode based on the control of the main control unit 1150 including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like. Various operations such as shooting or data recording are performed.
- the mobile phone 1100 converts the voice signal collected by the microphone (microphone) 1121 into digital voice data by the voice codec 1159, performs spectrum spread processing by the modulation / demodulation circuit unit 1158, and transmits and receives
- the unit 1163 performs digital / analog conversion processing and frequency conversion processing.
- the cellular phone 1100 transmits the transmission signal obtained by the conversion process to a base station (not shown) via the antenna 1114.
- the transmission signal (voice signal) transmitted to the base station is supplied to the mobile phone of the other party via the public telephone line network.
- the cellular phone 1100 in the voice call mode, the cellular phone 1100 amplifies the received signal received by the antenna 1114 by the transmission / reception circuit unit 1163, further performs frequency conversion processing and analog-digital conversion processing, and performs spectrum despreading processing by the modulation / demodulation circuit unit 1158. Then, the audio codec 1159 converts it into an analog audio signal. The cellular phone 1100 outputs an analog audio signal obtained by the conversion from the speaker 1117.
- the mobile phone 1100 when transmitting an e-mail in the data communication mode, receives the text data of the e-mail input by operating the operation key 1119 in the operation input control unit 1152.
- the cellular phone 1100 processes the text data in the main control unit 1150 and displays it on the liquid crystal display 1118 as an image via the LCD control unit 1155.
- the mobile phone 1100 generates e-mail data in the main control unit 1150 based on text data received by the operation input control unit 1152, user instructions, and the like.
- the cellular phone 1100 performs spread spectrum processing on the e-mail data by the modulation / demodulation circuit unit 1158 and digital / analog conversion processing and frequency conversion processing by the transmission / reception circuit unit 1163.
- the cellular phone 1100 transmits the transmission signal obtained by the conversion process to a base station (not shown) via the antenna 1114.
- the transmission signal (e-mail) transmitted to the base station is supplied to a predetermined destination via a network and a mail server.
- the mobile phone 1100 when receiving an e-mail in the data communication mode, receives and amplifies the signal transmitted from the base station by the transmission / reception circuit unit 1163 via the antenna 1114, and further performs frequency conversion processing and Analog-digital conversion processing.
- the cellular phone 1100 performs spectrum despreading processing on the received signal by the modulation / demodulation circuit unit 1158 to restore the original e-mail data.
- the cellular phone 1100 displays the restored e-mail data on the liquid crystal display 1118 via the LCD control unit 1155.
- the mobile phone 1100 can also record (store) the received e-mail data in the storage unit 1123 via the recording / playback unit 1162.
- the storage unit 1123 is an arbitrary rewritable storage medium.
- the storage unit 1123 may be, for example, a semiconductor memory such as a RAM or a built-in flash memory, a hard disk, or a removable disk such as a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, an optical disk, a USB memory, or a memory card. It may be media. Of course, other than these may be used.
- the mobile phone 1100 when transmitting image data in the data communication mode, the mobile phone 1100 generates image data with the CCD camera 1116 by imaging.
- the CCD camera 1116 has an optical device such as a lens and a diaphragm and a CCD as a photoelectric conversion element, images a subject, converts the intensity of received light into an electrical signal, and generates image data of the subject image.
- the CCD camera 1116 encodes the image data by the image encoder 1153 via the camera I / F unit 1154 and converts the encoded image data into encoded image data.
- the cellular phone 1100 uses the above-described image encoding device 100 as the image encoder 1153 that performs such processing. Similar to the case of the image encoding device 100, the image encoder 1153 adaptively controls the scan order of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients in accordance with image characteristics. Therefore, the image encoder 1153 can perform scanning in a scanning order more suitable for the feature of the image, can increase the value of zero run, and can improve the encoding efficiency.
- the cellular phone 1100 simultaneously converts the audio collected by the microphone (microphone) 1121 during imaging by the CCD camera 1116 to analog-digital conversion by the audio codec 1159 and further encodes it.
- the cellular phone 1100 multiplexes the encoded image data supplied from the image encoder 1153 and the digital audio data supplied from the audio codec 1159 in a demultiplexing unit 1157.
- the cellular phone 1100 performs spread spectrum processing on the multiplexed data obtained as a result by the modulation / demodulation circuit unit 1158 and digital / analog conversion processing and frequency conversion processing by the transmission / reception circuit unit 1163.
- the cellular phone 1100 transmits the transmission signal obtained by the conversion process to a base station (not shown) via the antenna 1114.
- a transmission signal (image data) transmitted to the base station is supplied to a communication partner via a network or the like.
- the mobile phone 1100 can also display the image data generated by the CCD camera 1116 on the liquid crystal display 1118 via the LCD control unit 1155 without using the image encoder 1153.
- the mobile phone 1100 when receiving data of a moving image file linked to a simple homepage or the like in the data communication mode, transmits a signal transmitted from the base station to the transmission / reception circuit unit 1163 via the antenna 1114. Receive, amplify, and further perform frequency conversion processing and analog-digital conversion processing.
- the cellular phone 1100 restores the original multiplexed data by subjecting the received signal to spectrum despreading processing by the modulation / demodulation circuit unit 1158.
- the demultiplexing unit 1157 separates the multiplexed data and divides it into encoded image data and audio data.
- the cellular phone 1100 generates reproduced moving image data by decoding the encoded image data in the image decoder 1156, and displays it on the liquid crystal display 1118 via the LCD control unit 1155. Thereby, for example, the moving image data included in the moving image file linked to the simple homepage is displayed on the liquid crystal display 1118.
- the cellular phone 1100 uses the above-described image decoding device 200 as the image decoder 1156 that performs such processing. That is, the image decoder 1156 can specify the reverse scan order corresponding to the scan order employed in the image encoding device 100 based on the NAL syntax and default_scan_flag, as in the case of the image decoding device 200. Therefore, the image decoder 1156 can correctly decode the encoded data in which the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient is scanned and encoded according to the scan order adaptively controlled according to the characteristics of the image. Efficiency can be improved.
- the cellular phone 1100 simultaneously converts the digital audio data into an analog audio signal in the audio codec 1159 and outputs it from the speaker 1117. Thereby, for example, audio data included in the moving image file linked to the simple homepage is reproduced.
- the mobile phone 1100 can record (store) the data linked to the received simplified home page in the storage unit 1123 via the recording / playback unit 1162. .
- the mobile phone 1100 can analyze the two-dimensional code obtained by the CCD camera 1116 and captured by the main control unit 1150 and obtain information recorded in the two-dimensional code.
- the cellular phone 1100 can communicate with an external device by infrared rays at the infrared communication unit 1181.
- the cellular phone 1100 uses the image encoding device 100 as the image encoder 1153, for example, when the image data generated in the CCD camera 1116 is encoded and transmitted, the quantized image data generated from the image data is transmitted.
- the scan order of orthogonal transform coefficients can be adaptively controlled according to the image characteristics, scanning can be performed according to the scan order more suitable for the image characteristics, the zero-run value is increased, and the encoding efficiency is improved. Can be made.
- the cellular phone 1100 uses the image decoding device 200 as the image decoder 1156, so that, for example, the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient of the moving image file linked to the simple homepage is adaptive according to the image characteristics. Even when scanned and encoded in a controlled scan order, the encoded data can be correctly decoded and the encoding efficiency can be improved.
- the cellular phone 1100 uses the CCD camera 1116.
- an image sensor CMOS image sensor
- CMOS Complementary Metal Metal Oxide Semiconductor
- the mobile phone 1100 can capture an image of a subject and generate image data of the image of the subject, as in the case where the CCD camera 1116 is used.
- the mobile phone 1100 has been described.
- a PDA Personal Digital Assistant
- a smartphone an UMPC (Ultra Mobile Personal Computer)
- a netbook a notebook personal computer, etc.
- the image encoding device 100 and the image decoding device 200 can be applied to any device as in the case of the mobile phone 1100.
- FIG. 20 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration example of a hard disk recorder using the image encoding device 100 and the image decoding device 200.
- a hard disk recorder (HDD recorder) 1200 shown in FIG. 20 receives audio data and video data of a broadcast program included in a broadcast wave signal (television signal) transmitted from a satellite or a ground antenna received by a tuner.
- This is an apparatus for storing in a built-in hard disk and providing the stored data to the user at a timing according to the user's instruction.
- the hard disk recorder 1200 can extract, for example, audio data and video data from broadcast wave signals, appropriately decode them, and store them in a built-in hard disk.
- the hard disk recorder 1200 can also acquire audio data and video data from other devices via a network, for example, decode them as appropriate, and store them in a built-in hard disk.
- the hard disk recorder 1200 decodes audio data and video data recorded on the built-in hard disk, supplies them to the monitor 1260, displays the image on the screen of the monitor 1260, and displays the sound from the speaker of the monitor 1260. Can be output. Further, the hard disk recorder 1200 decodes audio data and video data extracted from a broadcast wave signal acquired via a tuner, or audio data and video data acquired from another device via a network, for example. The image can be supplied to the monitor 1260, the image can be displayed on the screen of the monitor 1260, and the sound can be output from the speaker of the monitor 1260.
- the hard disk recorder 1200 includes a receiving unit 1221, a demodulating unit 1222, a demultiplexer 1223, an audio decoder 1224, a video decoder 1225, and a recorder control unit 1226.
- the hard disk recorder 1200 further includes an EPG data memory 1227, a program memory 1228, a work memory 1229, a display converter 1230, an OSD (On-Screen Display) control unit 1231, a display control unit 1232, a recording / playback unit 1233, a D / A converter 1234, And a communication unit 1235.
- the display converter 1230 has a video encoder 1241.
- the recording / playback unit 1233 includes an encoder 1251 and a decoder 1252.
- the receiving unit 1221 receives an infrared signal from a remote controller (not shown), converts it into an electrical signal, and outputs it to the recorder control unit 1226.
- the recorder control unit 1226 is constituted by, for example, a microprocessor and executes various processes according to a program stored in the program memory 1228. At this time, the recorder control unit 1226 uses the work memory 1229 as necessary.
- the communication unit 1235 is connected to the network and performs communication processing with other devices via the network.
- the communication unit 1235 is controlled by the recorder control unit 1226, communicates with a tuner (not shown), and mainly outputs a channel selection control signal to the tuner.
- the demodulator 1222 demodulates the signal supplied from the tuner and outputs the demodulated signal to the demultiplexer 1223.
- the demultiplexer 1223 separates the data supplied from the demodulation unit 1222 into audio data, video data, and EPG data, and outputs them to the audio decoder 1224, the video decoder 1225, or the recorder control unit 1226, respectively.
- the audio decoder 1224 decodes the input audio data and outputs it to the recording / playback unit 1233.
- the video decoder 1225 decodes the input video data and outputs it to the display converter 1230.
- the recorder control unit 1226 supplies the input EPG data to the EPG data memory 1227 for storage.
- the display converter 1230 encodes the video data supplied from the video decoder 1225 or the recorder control unit 1226 into, for example, NTSC (National Television Standards Committee) video data using the video encoder 1241, and outputs the video data to the recording / playback unit 1233.
- the display converter 1230 converts the screen size of the video data supplied from the video decoder 1225 or the recorder control unit 1226 into a size corresponding to the size of the monitor 1260, and converts the video data to NTSC video data by the video encoder 1241. Then, it is converted into an analog signal and output to the display control unit 1232.
- the display control unit 1232 Under the control of the recorder control unit 1226, the display control unit 1232 superimposes the OSD signal output by the OSD (On Screen Display) control unit 1231 on the video signal input from the display converter 1230, and displays it on the monitor 1260 display. Output and display.
- OSD On Screen Display
- the monitor 1260 is also supplied with the audio data output from the audio decoder 1224 after being converted into an analog signal by the D / A converter 1234.
- the monitor 1260 outputs this audio signal from a built-in speaker.
- the recording / playback unit 1233 has a hard disk as a storage medium for recording video data, audio data, and the like.
- the recording / playback unit 1233 encodes the audio data supplied from the audio decoder 1224 by the encoder 1251, for example.
- the recording / playback unit 1233 encodes the video data supplied from the video encoder 1241 of the display converter 1230 by the encoder 1251.
- the recording / playback unit 1233 combines the encoded data of the audio data and the encoded data of the video data by a multiplexer.
- the recording / playback unit 1233 amplifies the synthesized data by channel coding, and writes the data to the hard disk via the recording head.
- the recording / playback unit 1233 plays back the data recorded on the hard disk via the playback head, amplifies it, and separates it into audio data and video data by a demultiplexer.
- the recording / playback unit 1233 uses the decoder 1252 to decode the audio data and the video data.
- the recording / playback unit 1233 performs D / A conversion on the decoded audio data and outputs it to the speaker of the monitor 1260.
- the recording / playback unit 1233 performs D / A conversion on the decoded video data and outputs it to the display of the monitor 1260.
- the recorder control unit 1226 reads the latest EPG data from the EPG data memory 1227 based on the user instruction indicated by the infrared signal from the remote controller received via the receiving unit 1221, and supplies it to the OSD control unit 1231. To do.
- the OSD control unit 1231 generates image data corresponding to the input EPG data, and outputs the image data to the display control unit 1232.
- the display control unit 1232 outputs the video data input from the OSD control unit 1231 to the display of the monitor 1260 for display. As a result, an EPG (electronic program guide) is displayed on the display of the monitor 1260.
- the hard disk recorder 1200 can acquire various data such as video data, audio data, or EPG data supplied from other devices via a network such as the Internet.
- the communication unit 1235 is controlled by the recorder control unit 1226, acquires encoded data such as video data, audio data, and EPG data transmitted from another device via the network, and supplies the encoded data to the recorder control unit 1226. To do.
- the recorder control unit 1226 supplies the encoded data of the acquired video data and audio data to the recording / playback unit 1233 and stores it in the hard disk.
- the recorder control unit 1226 and the recording / playback unit 1233 may perform processing such as re-encoding as necessary.
- the recorder control unit 1226 decodes the acquired encoded data of video data and audio data, and supplies the obtained video data to the display converter 1230. Similar to the video data supplied from the video decoder 1225, the display converter 1230 processes the video data supplied from the recorder control unit 1226, supplies the processed video data to the monitor 1260 via the display control unit 1232, and displays the image. .
- the recorder control unit 1226 may supply the decoded audio data to the monitor 1260 via the D / A converter 1234 and output the sound from the speaker.
- the recorder control unit 1226 decodes the encoded data of the acquired EPG data and supplies the decoded EPG data to the EPG data memory 1227.
- the hard disk recorder 1200 as described above uses the image decoding device 200 as a decoder built in the video decoder 1225, the decoder 1252, and the recorder control unit 1226. That is, the video decoder 1225, the decoder 1252, and the decoder built in the recorder control unit 1226 are scanned by the image encoding device 100 based on the NAL syntax and default_scan_flag, as in the case of the image decoding device 200. The reverse scan order corresponding to the order can be specified.
- the decoder incorporated in the video decoder 1225, the decoder 1252, and the recorder control unit 1226 encodes the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients in a scan order that is adaptively controlled according to the characteristics of the image.
- the encoded data can be correctly decoded, and the encoding efficiency can be improved.
- the hard disk recorder 1200 has, for example, the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient of the video data (encoded data) received by the tuner or the communication unit 1235 and the video data (encoded data) reproduced by the recording / reproducing unit 1233. Even when the data is scanned and encoded according to the scan order adaptively controlled according to the characteristics of the image, the encoded data can be correctly decoded and the encoding efficiency can be improved. .
- the hard disk recorder 1200 uses the image encoding device 100 as the encoder 1251. Therefore, the encoder 1251 adaptively controls the scan order of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients in accordance with the image characteristics, as in the case of the image encoding device 100. Therefore, the encoder 1251 can perform scanning in a scanning order that is more suitable for the feature of the image, increase the value of zero run, and improve the encoding efficiency.
- the hard disk recorder 1200 can adaptively control the scan order of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients according to the characteristics of the image when generating encoded data to be recorded on the hard disk, for example. Therefore, it is possible to perform scanning in a scanning order more suitable for the above characteristics, increase the value of zero run, and improve encoding efficiency.
- the hard disk recorder 1200 for recording video data and audio data on the hard disk has been described.
- any recording medium may be used.
- the image encoding device 100 and the image decoding device 200 are applied as in the case of the hard disk recorder 1200 described above. Can do.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration example of a camera using the image encoding device 100 and the image decoding device 200.
- the camera 1300 shown in FIG. 21 captures a subject, displays an image of the subject on the LCD 1316, or records it on the recording medium 1333 as image data.
- the lens block 1311 causes light (that is, an image of the subject) to enter the CCD / CMOS 1312.
- the CCD / CMOS 1312 is an image sensor using CCD or CMOS, converts the intensity of received light into an electric signal, and supplies it to the camera signal processing unit 1313.
- the camera signal processing unit 1313 converts the electrical signal supplied from the CCD / CMOS 1312 into Y, Cr, and Cb color difference signals and supplies them to the image signal processing unit 1314.
- the image signal processing unit 1314 performs predetermined image processing on the image signal supplied from the camera signal processing unit 1313 or encodes the image signal with the encoder 1341 under the control of the controller 1321.
- the image signal processing unit 1314 supplies encoded data generated by encoding the image signal to the decoder 1315. Further, the image signal processing unit 1314 acquires display data generated in the on-screen display (OSD) 1320 and supplies it to the decoder 1315.
- OSD on-screen display
- the camera signal processing unit 1313 appropriately uses DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) 1318 connected via the bus 1317, and if necessary, image data or a code obtained by encoding the image data.
- DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory
- the digitized data or the like is held in the DRAM 1318.
- the decoder 1315 decodes the encoded data supplied from the image signal processing unit 1314 and supplies the obtained image data (decoded image data) to the LCD 1316. In addition, the decoder 1315 supplies the display data supplied from the image signal processing unit 1314 to the LCD 1316. The LCD 1316 appropriately synthesizes the image of the decoded image data supplied from the decoder 1315 and the image of the display data, and displays the synthesized image.
- the on-screen display 1320 outputs display data such as menu screens and icons composed of symbols, characters, or figures to the image signal processing unit 1314 via the bus 1317 under the control of the controller 1321.
- the controller 1321 executes various processes based on a signal indicating the content instructed by the user using the operation unit 1322, and also via the bus 1317, an image signal processing unit 1314, a DRAM 1318, an external interface 1319, an on-screen display. 1320, media drive 1323, and the like are controlled.
- the FLASH ROM 1324 stores programs and data necessary for the controller 1321 to execute various processes.
- the controller 1321 can encode the image data stored in the DRAM 1318 or decode the encoded data stored in the DRAM 1318 instead of the image signal processing unit 1314 and the decoder 1315.
- the controller 1321 may be configured to perform encoding / decoding processing by a method similar to the encoding / decoding method of the image signal processing unit 1314 or the decoder 1315, or the image signal processing unit 1314 or the decoder 1315 is compatible.
- the encoding / decoding process may be performed by a method that is not performed.
- the controller 1321 reads out image data from the DRAM 1318 and supplies it to the printer 1334 connected to the external interface 1319 via the bus 1317. Let it print.
- the controller 1321 reads the encoded data from the DRAM 1318 and supplies it to the recording medium 1333 mounted on the media drive 1323 via the bus 1317.
- the recording medium 1333 is an arbitrary readable / writable removable medium such as a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, an optical disk, or a semiconductor memory.
- the recording medium 1333 may be of any kind as a removable medium, and may be a tape device, a disk, or a memory card.
- a non-contact IC card or the like may be used.
- media drive 1323 and the recording medium 1333 may be integrated and configured by a non-portable storage medium such as a built-in hard disk drive or SSD (Solid State Drive).
- SSD Solid State Drive
- the external interface 1319 is composed of, for example, a USB input / output terminal, and is connected to the printer 1334 when printing an image.
- a drive 1331 is connected to the external interface 1319 as necessary, and a removable medium 1332 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or a magneto-optical disk is appropriately mounted, and a computer program read from them is loaded as necessary. Installed in the FLASH ROM 1324.
- the external interface 1319 has a network interface connected to a predetermined network such as a LAN or the Internet.
- the controller 1321 can read the encoded data from the DRAM 1318 in accordance with an instruction from the operation unit 1322 and supply the encoded data to the other device connected via the network from the external interface 1319.
- the controller 1321 acquires encoded data and image data supplied from another device via the network via the external interface 1319, holds the data in the DRAM 1318, or supplies it to the image signal processing unit 1314. Can be.
- the camera 1300 as described above uses the image decoding device 200 as the decoder 1315. That is, the decoder 1315 can specify the reverse scan order corresponding to the scan order employed in the image encoding device 100 based on the AL syntax and default_scan_flag, as in the case of the image decoding device 200. Therefore, the decoder 1315 can correctly decode the encoded data in which the quantized orthogonal transform coefficient is scanned and encoded according to the scan order adaptively controlled according to the feature of the image. Efficiency can be improved.
- the camera 1300 quantizes, for example, image data generated in the CCD / CMOS 1312, encoded data of video data read from the DRAM 1318 or the recording medium 1333, and encoded data of video data acquired via the network. Even if the orthogonal transform coefficient is scanned and encoded in a scan order adaptively controlled according to the characteristics of the image, the encoded data can be correctly decoded, and the encoding efficiency Can be improved.
- the camera 1300 uses the image encoding device 100 as the encoder 1341.
- the encoder 1341 adaptively controls the scan order of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients according to the image characteristics, as in the case of the image encoding device 100. Therefore, the encoder 1341 can perform scanning in a scanning order that is more suitable for the feature of the image, can increase the value of zero run, and can improve the encoding efficiency.
- the camera 1300 changes the scan order of the quantized orthogonal transform coefficients, for example. It is possible to control adaptively according to the feature, scan can be performed in a scan order more suitable for the feature of the image, the value of zero run can be increased, and the encoding efficiency can be improved.
- the decoding method of the image decoding device 200 may be applied to the decoding process performed by the controller 1321.
- the encoding method of the image encoding device 100 may be applied to the encoding process performed by the controller 1321.
- the image data captured by the camera 1300 may be a moving image or a still image.
- image encoding device 100 and the image decoding device 200 can also be applied to devices and systems other than the devices described above.
- This technology for example, uses MPEG, H.26x, etc., image information (bitstream) compressed by orthogonal transform such as discrete cosine transform and motion compensation, such as satellite broadcasting, cable TV, Internet, mobile phone, etc.
- orthogonal transform such as discrete cosine transform and motion compensation
- satellite broadcasting cable TV, Internet, mobile phone, etc.
- the present invention can be applied to an image encoding device and an image decoding device that are used when receiving via a network medium or when processing on a storage medium such as an optical, magnetic disk, or flash memory.
- this technique can also take the following structures.
- a scan order control unit that controls a scan order when converting coefficient data obtained by converting an image to be encoded from a two-dimensional array to a one-dimensional array according to a statistical value indicating the characteristics of the image;
- a scan unit that scans the coefficient data in a two-dimensional array in the scan order controlled by the scan order control unit, and rearranges the coefficient data in the one-dimensional array;
- An image processing apparatus comprising: an encoding unit that encodes the coefficient data rearranged in the one-dimensional array by the scanning unit.
- the scan order control unit The frequency of occurrence of non-zero coefficients in the coefficient data is calculated for each predetermined data unit for each pixel position in the partial region of the image, which is a processing unit for converting the image to generate the coefficient data.
- a calculating unit to An update unit that updates the scan order in the order of the appearance frequency of the non-zero coefficient for each pixel position in the partial region calculated by the calculation unit, and The image processing apparatus according to (1), wherein the scan unit scans the coefficient data in a scan order updated by the update unit.
- the scan order control unit determines the scan order as one of an initial order that is a predetermined scan order determined in advance and an update order that is a scan order updated by the update unit.
- a decision unit The image processing apparatus according to (2), wherein the scan unit scans the coefficient data in a scan order determined by the determination unit among the initial order and the update order.
- the scan order control unit further includes a determination unit that determines whether the processing target is an IDR picture, The determining unit determines the scan order when the determining unit determines that the processing target is the IDR picture, and determines the scan order as the initial order, and when determining that the processing target is not the IDR picture, The image processing apparatus according to (3), wherein a scan order is determined in the update order.
- the scan order control unit further includes a detection unit that detects a scene change, The determining unit determines the scan order when the scene change is detected in the processing target by the detection unit, and determines the scan order when the scene change is not detected in the processing target.
- the image processing device according to (3) or (4).
- the scan order control unit further includes a generation unit that generates flag information indicating whether the scan order is determined by the determination unit in the initial order or selected in the update order.
- the image processing device according to any one of (3) to (5), wherein the encoding unit further encodes the flag information generated by the generation unit.
- the update unit updates the scan order in an order corresponding to the order of appearance frequencies of the non-zero coefficients for each pixel position in the partial region of the previously encoded image.
- the image processing apparatus according to any one of 6).
- the update unit performs processing by dividing a single picture into a plurality of slices, the update frequency of the non-zero coefficient for each pixel position in the partial region of the slice encoded immediately before is determined.
- the image processing apparatus according to any one of (3) to (7), wherein the scan order is updated according to an order.
- the update unit performs processing by dividing a single picture into a plurality of slices, the pixel in the partial region of the slice at the same position as the processing target slice of the picture encoded immediately before
- the scan order is updated according to an order of appearance frequency of the non-zero coefficient for each position.
- the update unit divides a single picture into a plurality of slices and performs processing of each slice in parallel, the update of the slice at the same position as the processing target slice of the picture encoded immediately before is performed.
- the image processing apparatus according to any one of (3) to (7), wherein the scan order is updated according to an order of appearance frequencies of the non-zero coefficients for each pixel position in the partial region.
- the update unit updates the scan order in an order corresponding to the order of appearance frequency of the non-zero coefficient for each pixel position in the partial region of the image to be encoded.
- the scan control unit controls the scan order for each size of the partial area of the image that is a processing unit of conversion processing for converting the image and generating the coefficient data.
- the image processing apparatus according to any one of 11).
- (13) The image processing device according to any one of (1) to (11), wherein the scan control unit controls the scan order for each type of image to be processed.
- (14) An image processing method for an image processing apparatus, The scan order control unit controls the scan order when converting the coefficient data obtained by converting the image to be encoded from the two-dimensional array to the one-dimensional array according to the statistical value indicating the characteristics of the image, A scanning unit that scans the coefficient data in a two-dimensional array in the scan order, and rearranges the coefficient data in the one-dimensional array; An image processing method in which an encoding unit encodes the coefficient data rearranged in the one-dimensional array.
- a scan order for converting coefficient data obtained by converting an image to be encoded from a two-dimensional array to a one-dimensional array is controlled according to a statistical value indicating the characteristics of the image, and is generated.
- a decoding unit for decoding the encoded data Control the reverse scan order of the coefficient data obtained by decoding the encoded data by the decoding unit when converting from the one-dimensional array to the two-dimensional array according to the statistical value indicating the feature of the image
- a reverse scan order control unit An image processing apparatus comprising: a reverse scan unit that reverse scans the coefficient data of the one-dimensional array in the reverse scan order controlled by the reverse scan order control unit and rearranges the coefficient data into the two-dimensional array.
- the reverse scan order control unit The frequency of occurrence of non-zero coefficients in the coefficient data is calculated for each predetermined data unit for each pixel position in the partial region of the image, which is a processing unit for converting the image to generate the coefficient data.
- a calculating unit to An update unit that updates the reverse scan order in the order of the appearance frequency of the non-zero coefficient for each pixel position in the partial region calculated by the calculation unit,
- the image processing apparatus according to (15), wherein the reverse scan unit performs reverse scan on the coefficient data in the reverse scan order updated by the update unit.
- the reverse scan order control unit may select the reverse scan order from among an initial order that is a predetermined reverse scan order and an update order that is the reverse scan order updated by the update unit.
- the reverse scan order control unit further includes an IDR determination unit that determines whether the processing target is an IDR picture, The determination unit determines the reverse scan order in the initial order when the IDR determination unit determines that the processing target is the IDR picture, and determines that the processing target is not the IDR picture.
- the reverse scan order control unit further includes a flag determination unit that determines a value of flag information indicating whether the scan order of the coefficient data is the initial order or the update order, The determining unit determines the reverse scan order to the initial order when the flag determining unit determines that the scan order of the coefficient data is the initial order, and the scan order of the coefficient data is the update order.
- the image processing apparatus according to (17) or (18), wherein the reverse scan order is determined in the update order when it is determined that.
- An image processing method for an image processing apparatus The image generated by controlling the scan order when the decoding unit converts the coefficient data obtained by converting the image to be encoded from the two-dimensional array into the one-dimensional array according to the statistical value indicating the feature of the image.
- the encoded data of A reverse scan order control unit converts the reverse scan order when the coefficient data obtained by decoding the encoded data from the one-dimensional array to the two-dimensional array is converted into a statistical value indicating the feature of the image.
- Control according to An image processing method wherein a reverse scanning unit performs reverse scanning on the coefficient data in the one-dimensional array in the reverse scanning order, and rearranges the coefficient data in the two-dimensional array.
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Abstract
Description
1.第1の実施の形態(画像符号化装置)
2.第2の実施の形態(画像復号装置)
3.第3の実施の形態(パーソナルコンピュータ)
4.第4の実施の形態(テレビジョン受像機)
5.第5の実施の形態(携帯電話機)
6.第6の実施の形態(ハードディスクレコーダ)
7.第7の実施の形態(カメラ)
[スキャン方式]
従来の、MPEG-2等の符号化方式と同様、直交変換を行った後、2次元の配列として得られる量子化された直交変換係数を、可逆符号化のため、1次元のデータに並び直す必要がある。
ところで、AVC符号化方式において、より高い符号化効率を達成するには、適切な予測モードの選択が重要である。
ところで、マクロブロックサイズを16画素×16画素とするのは、次世代符号化方式の対象となるような、UHD(Ultra High Definition;4000画素×2000画素)といった大きな画枠に対しては、最適ではない。そこで、非特許文献1などにおいては、マクロブロックサイズを、図5に示されるように、64×64画素、32画素×32画素といった大きさにすることが提案されている。
AVC等の従来の符号化方式においては、4×4直交変換及び8×8直交変換のスキャン方式は予め用意されていたが、非ゼロ係数の分布(偏り方)は、画像によって異なる。そのため、常に最適なスキャン順でスキャンが行われるとは限らなかった。つまり、より画像の性質に適したスキャン順でスキャンを行うことにより、符号化効率をさらに向上させる可能性があった。
図6は、画像処理装置としての画像符号化装置の一実施の形態の構成を表している。
図7は、図6の可逆符号化部106と適応スキャン制御部121の主な構成例を示すブロック図である。
以上のように適応スキャン制御部121は、可逆符号化部106における量子化された直交変換係数のスキャン順を初期順にするか更新順にするかを選択するだけでなく、非ゼロ係数の累積度数分布に応じてその更新順を更新する。
次に、以上のような画像符号化装置100により実行される各処理の流れについて説明する。最初に、図9のフローチャートを参照して、符号化処理の流れの例を説明する。
次に、図10のフローチャートを参照して、図9のステップS114において実行される可逆符号化処理の流れの例を説明する。
[画像復号装置]
図11は、画像復号装置の主な構成例を示すブロック図である。図11に示される画像復号装置200は、図6の画像符号化装置100に対応する復号装置である。
図12は、図11の可逆復号部202と適応逆スキャン制御部221の主な構成例を示すブロック図である。
次に、以上のような画像復号装置200により実行される各処理の流れについて説明する。最初に、図13のフローチャートを参照して、復号処理の流れの例を説明する。
次に、図14のフローチャートを参照して、図13のステップS203において実行される可逆復号処理の流れの例を説明する。
[パーソナルコンピュータ]
上述した一連の処理は、ハードウエアにより実行させることもできるし、ソフトウエアにより実行させることもできる。この場合、例えば、図17に示されるようなパーソナルコンピュータとして構成されるようにしてもよい。
[テレビジョン受像機]
図18は、画像復号装置200を用いるテレビジョン受像機の主な構成例を示すブロック図である。
[携帯電話機]
図19は、画像符号化装置100および画像復号装置200を用いる携帯電話機の主な構成例を示すブロック図である。
[ハードディスクレコーダ]
図20は、画像符号化装置100および画像復号装置200を用いるハードディスクレコーダの主な構成例を示すブロック図である。
[カメラ]
図21は、画像符号化装置100および画像復号装置200を用いるカメラの主な構成例を示すブロック図である。
(1) 符号化する画像が変換された係数データを2次元配列から1次元配列に変換する際のスキャン順を、前記画像の特徴を示す統計値に応じて制御するスキャン順制御部と、
前記スキャン順制御部により制御される前記スキャン順で、2次元配列の前記係数データをスキャンし、前記1次元配列に並び替えるスキャン部と、
前記スキャン部により前記1次元配列に並び替えられた前記係数データを符号化する符号化部と
を備える画像処理装置。
(2) 前記スキャン順制御部は、
前記画像を変換して前記係数データを生成する変換処理の処理単位となる前記画像の部分領域内の画素位置毎に、前記係数データの非ゼロ係数の出現頻度を、所定のデータ単位毎に算出する算出部と、
前記算出部により算出された前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に、前記スキャン順を更新する更新部と
を備え、
前記スキャン部は、前記更新部により更新されたスキャン順で前記係数データをスキャンする
前記(1)に記載の画像処理装置。
(3) 前記スキャン順制御部は、前記スキャン順を、予め定められた所定のスキャン順である初期順、および、前記更新部により更新されたスキャン順である更新順のいずれか一方に決定する決定部をさらに備え、
前記スキャン部は、前記初期順および前記更新順のうち、前記決定部により決定された方のスキャン順で前記係数データをスキャンする
前記(2)に記載の画像処理装置。
(4) 前記スキャン順制御部は、処理対象がIDRピクチャであるか否かを判定する判定部をさらに備え、
前記決定部は、前記判定部により、前記処理対象が前記IDRピクチャであると判定された場合、前記スキャン順を前記初期順に決定し、前記処理対象が前記IDRピクチャでないと判定された場合、前記スキャン順を前記更新順に決定する
前記(3)に記載の画像処理装置。
(5) 前記スキャン順制御部は、シーンチェンジを検出する検出部をさらに備え、
前記決定部は、前記検出部により、前記処理対象において前記シーンチェンジが検出された場合、前記スキャン順を前記初期順に決定し、前記処理対象において前記シーンチェンジが検出されなかった場合、前記スキャン順を前記更新順に決定する
前記(3)または(4)に記載の画像処理装置。
(6) 前記スキャン順制御部は、前記決定部により前記スキャン順が前記初期順に決定されたか、若しくは、前記更新順に選択されたかを示すフラグ情報を生成する生成部をさらに備え、
前記符号化部は、前記生成部により生成された前記フラグ情報をさらに符号化する
前記(3)乃至(5)のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
(7) 前記更新部は、前記スキャン順を、過去に符号化された画像の前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に応じた順に更新する
前記(3)乃至(6)のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
(8) 前記更新部は、単一のピクチャを複数のスライスに分割して処理を行う場合、直前に符号化されたスライスの前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に応じて前記スキャン順を更新する
前記(3)乃至(7)のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
(9) 前記更新部は、単一のピクチャを複数のスライスに分割して処理を行う場合、直前に符号化されたピクチャの、処理対象のスライスと同位置のスライスの前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に応じて前記スキャン順を更新する
前記(3)乃至(7)のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
(10) 前記更新部は、単一のピクチャを複数のスライスに分割し、各スライスの処理を並列に行う場合、直前に符号化されたピクチャの、処理対象のスライスと同位置のスライスの前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に応じて前記スキャン順を更新する
前記(3)乃至(7)のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
(11) 前記更新部は、前記スキャン順を、符号化処理対象の画像の前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に応じた順に更新する
前記(3)乃至(7)のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
(12) 前記スキャン制御部は、前記画像を変換して前記係数データを生成する変換処理の処理単位となる前記画像の部分領域の大きさごとに前記スキャン順を制御する
前記(1)乃至(11)のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
(13) 前記スキャン制御部は、処理対象の画像のタイプごとに前記スキャン順を制御する
前記(1)乃至(11)のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
(14) 画像処理装置の画像処理方法であって、
スキャン順制御部が、符号化する画像が変換された係数データを2次元配列から1次元配列に変換する際のスキャン順を、前記画像の特徴を示す統計値に応じて制御し、
スキャン部が、前記スキャン順で、2次元配列の前記係数データをスキャンし、前記1次元配列に並び替え、
符号化部が、前記1次元配列に並び替えられた前記係数データを符号化する
画像処理方法。
(15) 符号化する画像が変換された係数データを2次元配列から1次元配列に変換する際のスキャン順が前記画像の特徴を示す統計値に応じて制御されて生成された、前記画像の符号化データを復号する復号部と、
前記復号部により前記符号化データが復号されて得られた係数データの、前記1次元配列から前記2次元配列に変換する際の逆スキャン順を、前記画像の特徴を示す統計値に応じて制御する逆スキャン順制御部と、
前記逆スキャン順制御部により制御される前記逆スキャン順で、1次元配列の前記係数データを逆スキャンし、前記2次元配列に並び替える逆スキャン部と
を備える画像処理装置。
(16) 前記逆スキャン順制御部は、
前記画像を変換して前記係数データを生成する変換処理の処理単位となる前記画像の部分領域内の画素位置毎に、前記係数データの非ゼロ係数の出現頻度を、所定のデータ単位毎に算出する算出部と、
前記算出部により算出された前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に、前記逆スキャン順を更新する更新部と
を備え、
前記逆スキャン部は、前記更新部により更新された逆スキャン順で前記係数データを逆スキャンする
前記(15)に記載の画像処理装置。
(17) 前記逆スキャン順制御部は、前記逆スキャン順を、予め定められた所定の逆スキャン順である初期順、および、前記更新部により更新された逆スキャン順である更新順のいずれか一方に決定する決定部をさらに備え、
前記逆スキャン部は、前記初期順および前記更新順のうち、前記決定部により決定された方の逆スキャン順で前記係数データを逆スキャンする
前記(16)に記載の画像処理装置。
(18) 前記逆スキャン順制御部は、処理対象がIDRピクチャであるか否かを判定するIDR判定部をさらに備え、
前記決定部は、前記IDR判定部により、前記処理対象が前記IDRピクチャであると判定された場合、前記逆スキャン順を前記初期順に決定し、前記処理対象が前記IDRピクチャでないと判定された場合、前記逆スキャン順を前記更新順に決定する
前記(17)に記載の画像処理装置。
(19) 前記逆スキャン順制御部は、前記係数データのスキャン順が前記初期順であるか、若しくは、前記更新順であるかを示すフラグ情報の値を判定するフラグ判定部をさらに備え、
前記決定部は、前記フラグ判定部により、前記係数データのスキャン順が前記初期順であると判定された場合、前記逆スキャン順を前記初期順に決定し、前記係数データのスキャン順が前記更新順であると判定された場合、前記逆スキャン順を前記更新順に決定する
前記(17)または(18)に記載の画像処理装置。
(20) 画像処理装置の画像処理方法であって、
復号部が、符号化する画像が変換された係数データを2次元配列から1次元配列に変換する際のスキャン順が前記画像の特徴を示す統計値に応じて制御されて生成された、前記画像の符号化データを復号し、
逆スキャン順制御部が、前記符号化データが復号されて得られた係数データの、前記1次元配列から前記2次元配列に変換する際の逆スキャン順を、前記画像の特徴を示す統計値に応じて制御し、
逆スキャン部が、前記逆スキャン順で、1次元配列の前記係数データを逆スキャンし、前記2次元配列に並び替える
画像処理方法。
Claims (20)
- 符号化する画像が変換された係数データを2次元配列から1次元配列に変換する際のスキャン順を、前記画像の特徴を示す統計値に応じて制御するスキャン順制御部と、
前記スキャン順制御部により制御される前記スキャン順で、2次元配列の前記係数データをスキャンし、前記1次元配列に並び替えるスキャン部と、
前記スキャン部により前記1次元配列に並び替えられた前記係数データを符号化する符号化部と
を備える画像処理装置。 - 前記スキャン順制御部は、
前記画像を変換して前記係数データを生成する変換処理の処理単位となる前記画像の部分領域内の画素位置毎に、前記係数データの非ゼロ係数の出現頻度を、所定のデータ単位毎に算出する算出部と、
前記算出部により算出された前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に、前記スキャン順を更新する更新部と
を備え、
前記スキャン部は、前記更新部により更新されたスキャン順で前記係数データをスキャンする
請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記スキャン順制御部は、前記スキャン順を、予め定められた所定のスキャン順である初期順、および、前記更新部により更新されたスキャン順である更新順のいずれか一方に決定する決定部をさらに備え、
前記スキャン部は、前記初期順および前記更新順のうち、前記決定部により決定された方のスキャン順で前記係数データをスキャンする
請求項2に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記スキャン順制御部は、処理対象がIDRピクチャであるか否かを判定する判定部をさらに備え、
前記決定部は、前記判定部により、前記処理対象が前記IDRピクチャであると判定された場合、前記スキャン順を前記初期順に決定し、前記処理対象が前記IDRピクチャでないと判定された場合、前記スキャン順を前記更新順に決定する
請求項3に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記スキャン順制御部は、シーンチェンジを検出する検出部をさらに備え、
前記決定部は、前記検出部により、前記処理対象において前記シーンチェンジが検出された場合、前記スキャン順を前記初期順に決定し、前記処理対象において前記シーンチェンジが検出されなかった場合、前記スキャン順を前記更新順に決定する
請求項3に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記スキャン順制御部は、前記決定部により前記スキャン順が前記初期順に決定されたか、若しくは、前記更新順に選択されたかを示すフラグ情報を生成する生成部をさらに備え、
前記符号化部は、前記生成部により生成された前記フラグ情報をさらに符号化する
請求項3に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記更新部は、前記スキャン順を、過去に符号化された画像の前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に応じた順に更新する
請求項3に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記更新部は、単一のピクチャを複数のスライスに分割して処理を行う場合、直前に符号化されたスライスの前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に応じて前記スキャン順を更新する
請求項3に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記更新部は、単一のピクチャを複数のスライスに分割して処理を行う場合、直前に符号化されたピクチャの、処理対象のスライスと同位置のスライスの前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に応じて前記スキャン順を更新する
請求項3に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記更新部は、単一のピクチャを複数のスライスに分割し、各スライスの処理を並列に行う場合、直前に符号化されたピクチャの、処理対象のスライスと同位置のスライスの前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に応じて前記スキャン順を更新する
請求項3に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記更新部は、前記スキャン順を、符号化処理対象の画像の前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に応じた順に更新する
請求項3に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記スキャン制御部は、前記画像を変換して前記係数データを生成する変換処理の処理単位となる前記画像の部分領域の大きさごとに前記スキャン順を制御する
請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記スキャン制御部は、処理対象の画像のタイプごとに前記スキャン順を制御する
請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。 - 画像処理装置の画像処理方法であって、
スキャン順制御部が、符号化する画像が変換された係数データを2次元配列から1次元配列に変換する際のスキャン順を、前記画像の特徴を示す統計値に応じて制御し、
スキャン部が、前記スキャン順で、2次元配列の前記係数データをスキャンし、前記1次元配列に並び替え、
符号化部が、前記1次元配列に並び替えられた前記係数データを符号化する
画像処理方法。 - 符号化する画像が変換された係数データを2次元配列から1次元配列に変換する際のスキャン順が前記画像の特徴を示す統計値に応じて制御されて生成された、前記画像の符号化データを復号する復号部と、
前記復号部により前記符号化データが復号されて得られた係数データの、前記1次元配列から前記2次元配列に変換する際の逆スキャン順を、前記画像の特徴を示す統計値に応じて制御する逆スキャン順制御部と、
前記逆スキャン順制御部により制御される前記逆スキャン順で、1次元配列の前記係数データを逆スキャンし、前記2次元配列に並び替える逆スキャン部と
を備える画像処理装置。 - 前記逆スキャン順制御部は、
前記画像を変換して前記係数データを生成する変換処理の処理単位となる前記画像の部分領域内の画素位置毎に、前記係数データの非ゼロ係数の出現頻度を、所定のデータ単位毎に算出する算出部と、
前記算出部により算出された前記部分領域内の画素位置毎の前記非ゼロ係数の出現頻度の順に、前記逆スキャン順を更新する更新部と
を備え、
前記逆スキャン部は、前記更新部により更新された逆スキャン順で前記係数データを逆スキャンする
請求項15に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記逆スキャン順制御部は、前記逆スキャン順を、予め定められた所定の逆スキャン順である初期順、および、前記更新部により更新された逆スキャン順である更新順のいずれか一方に決定する決定部をさらに備え、
前記逆スキャン部は、前記初期順および前記更新順のうち、前記決定部により決定された方の逆スキャン順で前記係数データを逆スキャンする
請求項16に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記逆スキャン順制御部は、処理対象がIDRピクチャであるか否かを判定するIDR判定部をさらに備え、
前記決定部は、前記IDR判定部により、前記処理対象が前記IDRピクチャであると判定された場合、前記逆スキャン順を前記初期順に決定し、前記処理対象が前記IDRピクチャでないと判定された場合、前記逆スキャン順を前記更新順に決定する
請求項17に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記逆スキャン順制御部は、前記係数データのスキャン順が前記初期順であるか、若しくは、前記更新順であるかを示すフラグ情報の値を判定するフラグ判定部をさらに備え、
前記決定部は、前記フラグ判定部により、前記係数データのスキャン順が前記初期順であると判定された場合、前記逆スキャン順を前記初期順に決定し、前記係数データのスキャン順が前記更新順であると判定された場合、前記逆スキャン順を前記更新順に決定する
請求項17に記載の画像処理装置。 - 画像処理装置の画像処理方法であって、
復号部が、符号化する画像が変換された係数データを2次元配列から1次元配列に変換する際のスキャン順が前記画像の特徴を示す統計値に応じて制御されて生成された、前記画像の符号化データを復号し、
逆スキャン順制御部が、前記符号化データが復号されて得られた係数データの、前記1次元配列から前記2次元配列に変換する際の逆スキャン順を、前記画像の特徴を示す統計値に応じて制御し、
逆スキャン部が、前記逆スキャン順で、1次元配列の前記係数データを逆スキャンし、前記2次元配列に並び替える
画像処理方法。
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04247770A (ja) * | 1991-02-04 | 1992-09-03 | Fujitsu Ltd | 画像データ圧縮方法および画像データ圧縮装置ならびに画像データ復元装置 |
| JP2003250157A (ja) * | 2002-01-07 | 2003-09-05 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 静止映像及び動映像を符号化/復号化するための変換係数の最適走査方法 |
| JP2006191628A (ja) * | 2004-12-31 | 2006-07-20 | Microsoft Corp | 適応係数スキャン順序付け |
| WO2008157268A2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-12-24 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Adaptive coefficient scanning in video coding |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04247770A (ja) * | 1991-02-04 | 1992-09-03 | Fujitsu Ltd | 画像データ圧縮方法および画像データ圧縮装置ならびに画像データ復元装置 |
| JP2003250157A (ja) * | 2002-01-07 | 2003-09-05 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 静止映像及び動映像を符号化/復号化するための変換係数の最適走査方法 |
| JP2006191628A (ja) * | 2004-12-31 | 2006-07-20 | Microsoft Corp | 適応係数スキャン順序付け |
| WO2008157268A2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-12-24 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Adaptive coefficient scanning in video coding |
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