WO2012093533A1 - 反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤、周産期病予防または治療剤、並びに繁殖効率改善剤 - Google Patents
反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤、周産期病予防または治療剤、並びに繁殖効率改善剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012093533A1 WO2012093533A1 PCT/JP2011/077694 JP2011077694W WO2012093533A1 WO 2012093533 A1 WO2012093533 A1 WO 2012093533A1 JP 2011077694 W JP2011077694 W JP 2011077694W WO 2012093533 A1 WO2012093533 A1 WO 2012093533A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cashew nut
- nut shell
- milk
- shell liquid
- cardanol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/22—Anacardiaceae (Sumac family), e.g. smoketree, sumac or poison oak
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
- A61K31/05—Phenols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/192—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-aryl-propionic acids, ethacrynic acid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/60—Salicylic acid; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/02—Inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/12—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for electrolyte homeostasis
- A61P3/14—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for electrolyte homeostasis for calcium homeostasis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an agent and feed for improving milk yield and / or milk quality of ruminants for milk production, and a method for improving milk yield and / or milk quality using these.
- the present invention also relates to an agent and a feed for preventing or treating perinatal diseases of ruminants, and a method for preventing or treating perinatal diseases of ruminants using them.
- the present invention further relates to agents and feeds for improving the reproduction efficiency of ruminants, and methods for improving the reproduction efficiency of ruminants using these.
- Non-Patent Document 1 When ruminants are used as livestock, improvement of the quantity and quality of livestock products, improvement of reproductive efficiency, and disease control are important factors for improving the productivity. Antibiotics, viable fungi, oligosaccharides, plant extracts and the like are used for these measures. For example, ionophores such as monensin, which is an antibiotic, have an effect of improving feeding efficiency in meat production (Non-Patent Document 1) and an effect of increasing milk yield in milk production (Non-Patent Document 2).
- Cashew nut shell liquid is known to have an antibacterial action (Non-patent Document 4) and a coccidiosis-reducing action (Patent Document 1).
- Non-patent Document 4 Regarding the effect on ruminants, there is a report suggesting a methane suppression effect in the test tube test result using anacardic acid which is one component of cashew nut shell liquid (Non-patent Document 5).
- Patent Document 2 there is control of acidosis as a report using an actual ruminant (Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 2 so far, there is no knowledge about improvement in milk productivity such as milk yield and milk quality of ruminants by cashew nut shell liquid.
- perinatal diseases of cattle account for more than half of dairy cattle deaths and abolitions, causing tremendous damage to farmers both economically and mentally.
- Perinatal disease is a general term for diseases that occur easily in the perinatal period before and after delivery, such as hypocalcemia (milk fever), fatty liver, ketosis, and displacement of the stomach.
- hypocalcemia milk fever
- fatty liver fatty liver
- ketosis and displacement of the stomach.
- the displacement of the fourth stomach is a disease in which the fourth stomach is displaced from the normal position to the left or right and exhibits symptoms such as anorexia. Right displacement often accompanies torsion and presents severe symptoms. This is especially common in postpartum dairy cows.
- This is a disease that can only be treated mainly by surgical operation, and has a heavy burden on producers, such as exhaustion of cows and increased treatment costs.
- Patent Document 3 In addition to surgery for conventional prevention and treatment of the displacement of the rumen stomach, a viable agent (Patent Document 3), an agent containing catechins (Patent Document 4), prifinium bromide (Patent Document 5), metoclopramide (Patent Document) Internal medicine treatment by 5) etc. has also been performed.
- Patent Document 4 an agent containing catechins
- Patent Document 5 prifinium bromide
- Patent Document 5 metoclopramide
- Internal medicine treatment by 5 Internal medicine treatment by 5
- problems such as applying stress to cows by injection into veins and muscles, taking more than a week to heal, and poor healing rate.
- no clear preventive effect has been disclosed.
- dairy cows can reduce the number of artificial insemination, reduce feeding management costs, increase lifetime milk yield, etc. It is thought that the number can be improved, and the cost of feeding management can be reduced. Both of these will greatly contribute to raising the income of farmers.
- Non-patent Document 6 vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium -Additives such as macro minerals such as sodium, potassium, chlorine and sulfur, and micro minerals such as copper, cobalt, zinc, manganese and selenium have been provided. Furthermore, it has been reported that the improvement of the reproduction efficiency can be obtained by addition of unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, etc.) (Non-patent Document 7).
- Non-Patent Document 8 So far, there is no knowledge about the improvement of the reproduction efficiency of ruminants by cashew nut shell liquid.
- JP-A-8-231410 International Publication WO2010 / 053085 Pamphlet JP 7-109224 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-226643 JP-A-1-190630
- An object of the present invention is to improve the milk yield and / or quality of ruminants for milk production. Another object of the present invention is to prevent or treat perinatal diseases in ruminants. Another object of the present invention is to improve the reproduction efficiency of ruminants.
- cashew nut shell liquid (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as CNSL) is administered to ruminants for milk production, so that the amount of milk and the quality of milk can be reduced. I found it to improve. Furthermore, it has been found that administration of cashew nut shell liquid to ruminants can prevent or treat perinatal diseases and improve reproduction efficiency. The inventors have thus completed the present invention.
- the present invention is as follows. (1) It contains cashew nut shell oil (may be cashew nut shell itself, hereinafter the same), heat treated cashew nut shell oil (may be heat treated cashew nut shell itself, hereinafter the same), anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol. Ruminant milk yield and / or milk quality improver. (2) The amount of milk according to (1) and / or administered to ruminant animals raised by administering a feed having a weight of the roughage with respect to the total weight of the roughage and the concentrated feed of 0.3 to 1.0. Or milk quality improver.
- a feed for improving milk yield and / or milk quality of ruminants comprising cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- a method for improving milk yield and / or quality of ruminants comprising administering cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol to ruminants.
- ruminant is a ruminant bred by administering a feed having a weight of the roughage of 0.3 to 1.0 with respect to a total weight of the roughage and the concentrated feed.
- (7) The method according to (5) or (6), wherein 0.01 to 500 g / head / day of cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol is administered. .
- a method for preventing or treating a ruminant perinatal disease comprising administering cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol to a ruminant animal.
- (13) Use of cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol for the manufacture of a preventive or therapeutic agent for ruminant perinatal diseases.
- Use of cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol for the production of feed for prevention or treatment of perinatal diseases of ruminants.
- a ruminant reproduction efficiency improving agent comprising cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- a feed for improving the reproduction efficiency of ruminants comprising cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- a method for improving the reproductive efficiency of ruminants characterized by feeding cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol to ruminants.
- milk quality improving agent of the present invention By administering an agent or feed containing cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol, and / or cardol of the present invention to ruminants for milk production, milk yield and / or milk quality (milk protein content) , Non-fat milk solids, milk fats, etc.). Also, in the process of increasing milk yield after delivery, feeding these increases the milk yield increase rate. If the non-fat milk solid content or milk fat content is lower than the standard value, high evaluation may not be received, but the milk quality improver of the present invention prevents the milk price (the amount purchased from the producer) from decreasing. Can do. With the milk quality improving agent of the present invention, milk component values such as milk protein content, non-fat milk solid content, and milk fat content can be made higher than the reference value. Therefore, when the milk price is determined by evaluation of milk quality, And the producers may make a profit.
- the perinatal illness after delivery can be obtained by administering the agent or feed containing cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol, and / or cardol of the present invention to ruminants for milk production. Since the milk yield can be increased while preventing or treating, it is very useful for breeding ruminants such as dairy cows. In addition, although the probability of perinatal disease decreases when the number of days after delivery elapses, the milk yield can be increased and the quality of the milk can be improved thereafter. Furthermore, by improving the reproductive efficiency, it is possible to efficiently obtain offspring, reduce the cost of artificial insemination, and reduce the cost of breeding management, thereby enabling long-term co-production and improved productivity.
- the ruminant milk yield and / or milk quality improver of the present invention is characterized by containing cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- the amount of milk refers to the amount of milk expressed by one milking
- the improvement of the amount of milk includes improvement and increase in the amount of milk.
- the milk quality includes indices such as milk protein content, non-fat milk solid content, and milk fat content, and the higher the milk protein content, non-fat milk solid content, and milk fat content, the better.
- the improvement of milk quality includes improvement and increase of milk quality, and particularly refers to improvement and increase of milk protein content, non-fat milk solid content, and milk fat content.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent for ruminant perinatal diseases of the present invention comprises cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- perinatal disease refers to a disease that occurs in ruminant animals after parturition, and specifically includes hypocalcemia (milk fever), fatty liver, ketosis, and ruminal displacement. Can be mentioned.
- the propagation efficiency improving agent of the present invention contains cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- the improvement of the reproduction efficiency means that the offspring are efficiently obtained by reducing the number of seeding, shortening the number of empty days, improving the conception rate, shortening the actual number of days of emptying.
- the cashew nut shell oil used in the present invention is an oily liquid contained in the shell of cashew nut tree (Anacardium occidentale L.).
- Cashew nut shell oil contains anacardic acid, cardanol, and cardol as its components.
- anacardic acid is converted to cardanol by heat treatment, but cashew nut shell liquid which is made only of cardanol and cardol by heat treatment may be used.
- Non-heated cashew nut shell oil extracted by squeezing cashew nut shell is 55-80% by mass of anacardic acid and 5% cardanol as described in J. Agric. Food Chem. 2001, 49, 2548-2551.
- Heated cashew nut shell oil which has been heat-treated at 130 ° C. or higher, is converted to cardanol by decarboxylation of anacardic acid, which is the main component of non-heated cashew nut shell oil, and 0-10 mass% anacardic acid and cardanol are added. 55 to 80% by mass and 5 to 30% by mass of cardol.
- the cashew nut shell oil used in the present invention can be obtained as a vegetable oil extracted by pressing the cashew nut shell.
- the cashew nut shell oil used in the present invention can also be obtained by, for example, dry distillation or solvent extraction of the cashew nut shell by heating or extraction.
- the cashew nut shell liquid used in the present invention can also be obtained by the method described in JP-A-8-231410.
- the cashew nut shell oil used in the present invention may be obtained by pulverizing and crushing heat sterilized oil or cashew nut shell. Moreover, the shell itself may be sufficient.
- a commercial item can also be used for the cashew nut shell liquid used in this invention.
- the cashew nut shell liquid of the present invention may be a heated cashew nut shell oil obtained by heating the cashew nut shell oil obtained as described above to 70 ° C or higher, preferably 130 ° C or higher.
- the mass ratio of anacardic acid to cardanol in the heated cashew nut shell oil is preferably 0: 100 to 20:80.
- the milk yield and / or milk quality improving agent, perinatal disease prevention or treatment agent, and reproduction efficiency improving agent of the present invention may contain anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol itself instead of cashew nut shell liquid. Good.
- anacardic acid used in the present invention examples include natural products anacardic acid, synthetic anacardic acid, and derivatives thereof. Commercial anacardic acid may also be used.
- anacardic acid is obtained by using cashew nut oil obtained by extracting cashew nut shells with an organic solvent using, for example, silica gel column chromatography, n-hexane, acetic acid. It can be obtained by changing the ratio of the mixed solvent of ethyl and acetic acid (JP-A-3-240721, JP-A-3-240716, etc.).
- cardanol used in the present invention examples include natural product cardanol, synthetic cardanol, and derivatives thereof.
- the cardanol used in the present invention can be obtained by decarboxylating anacardic acid, which is the main component of cashew nut shell liquid.
- Examples of the cardol used in the present invention include a natural product cardol, a synthetic cardol, and derivatives thereof.
- the cardol used in the present invention can be obtained by refining from cashew nut shell liquid.
- the contents of cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol in the milk yield and / or milk quality improver, preventive or therapeutic agent for perinatal disease, and reproductive efficiency improver of the present invention are: Based on the total amount of the agent, 0.1% by mass to 100% by mass is preferable, more preferably 0.5% by mass to 95% by mass, and particularly preferably 1% by mass to 90% by mass. If it is 0.1 mass% or more, it can be expected that milk yield and / or quality will be improved, preventive or therapeutic effects on perinatal diseases, and reproductive efficiency improving effects.
- the content is 0.5% by mass or more, particularly preferably 1% by mass or more, the tendency becomes remarkable and preferable.
- the amount and / or quality of milk can be improved even at 100% by mass, the perinatal disease can be prevented or treated, and the reproductive efficiency can be improved, but 95% by mass or less, particularly preferably 90% by mass or less is preferable. .
- a stock solution of cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol can be directly orally administered.
- the dose of cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol is Preferably, it is 0.01 to 500 g / head / day, more preferably 0.1 to 200 g / head / day, and most preferably 1 to 100 g / head / day.
- the milk yield and / or quality will be improved, the effect of preventing or treating perinatal diseases, and the improvement of reproduction efficiency. If it is 0.1 g or more, particularly preferably 1 g or more, the tendency becomes remarkable, which is preferable. On the other hand, even when the amount is 1,000 g or less, the milk yield and / or quality can be improved, perinatal disease can be prevented or treated, and the reproduction efficiency can be improved, but 200 g or less, particularly preferably 100 g or less is preferable. .
- the milk yield and / or milk quality improver, preventive or therapeutic agent for perinatal disease, and reproductive efficiency improver of the present invention include cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- Any excipient that can be used in feeds or pharmaceuticals or foods such as lactose, sucrose, D-mannitol, ⁇ starch, starch, corn starch, crystalline cellulose, bentonite, silica gel, light anhydrous silicic acid, etc. Things may be included.
- the milk yield and / or milk quality improver, perinatal disease preventive or therapeutic agent, and reproductive efficiency improver of the present invention are cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- it may further contain optional components such as a component effective for promoting the growth of ruminants, a nutritional supplement component, a component that enhances storage stability, and a coating component.
- Such optional ingredients include feed ingredients such as bran, alfalfa and timothy, feed additives, food ingredients and food additives, pharmaceutical ingredients, and other supplement ingredients used for animal supplements (hereinafter referred to as supplements).
- supplements used for animal supplements
- live bacteria such as Enterococcus bacteria, Bacillus bacteria, bifidobacteria; enzymes such as amylase and lipase; vitamins such as L-ascorbic acid, choline chloride, inositol and folic acid; potassium chloride, iron citrate, magnesium oxide, Minerals such as phosphates, amino acids such as DL-alanine, DL-methionine, L-lysine; organic acids such as fumaric acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid and their salts; ethoxyquin, dibutylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, ferla Antioxidants such as acid, vitamin C, and vitamin E; Antifungal agents such as calcium propionate; Binders such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), sodium caseinate, and sodium polyacrylate; lecithin, glycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester Emulsifiers such as; Astax
- the milk yield and / or milk quality improver, preventive or therapeutic agent for perinatal diseases, and the reproductive efficiency improver of the present invention include oil absorbing agents such as magnesium oxide, stearate, talc, zeolite, diatomaceous earth and silica.
- the oil absorbing agent is preferably in the form of particles.
- the oil absorbing agent of the present invention is preferably an oil absorbing agent that adsorbs 50 to 300 g of oil per 100 g. Further, when the particle size exceeds 300 ⁇ m, the particles become coarse and separate, so that the particle size is preferably 2 to 300 ⁇ m.
- an oil absorbing agent, cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol And / or a preferred mass ratio of cardol is from 100: 20 to 100: 180.
- a preferable mass ratio in the case of the oil absorbing agent and the cashew nut shell pulverized product is 15: 100 to 60: 100.
- the dosage form of the milk yield and / or milk quality improver, preventive or therapeutic agent for perinatal disease, and reproductive efficiency improver of the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, liquid, powder, solid, tablet, capsule, emulsion , Pellets, tablets, coatings and the like can be mentioned, but liquids, powders, capsules, pellets and tablets are preferred.
- a liquid agent cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol may be used as they are, or cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol is ethanol.
- the above-mentioned excipients or optional components can be added and used.
- the following powders, capsules, pellets, and tablets may be suspended and suspended in the liquid.
- the above excipients may be added to powdered cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- capsules, cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol may be packed as they are, or the above-mentioned excipients or optional ingredients may be added.
- filler can be added to granulated and pelletized to cashew nut shell liquid, heat-processed cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- the above excipients may be added to granulated and tableted by adding cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- oil absorbing agents such as a silica
- the milk yield and / or milk quality improving agent, perinatal disease prevention or treatment agent, and reproduction efficiency improving agent of the present invention are cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or Or it can manufacture by mixing a cardol and an excipient
- the above-described crushed and crushed cashew nut shell, or without any treatment the cashew nut shell is directly mixed with other optional components to produce the milk yield and / or milk quality improver of the present invention. It can be used as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for the perinatal disease, as well as a reproductive efficiency improving agent.
- the crushed or crushed product itself or the cashew nut shell itself can be used as a milk yield and / or milk quality improver, a preventive or therapeutic agent for perinatal diseases, and a reproductive efficiency improver.
- the milk yield and / or milk quality improver, the preventive or therapeutic agent for perinatal diseases, and the reproductive efficiency improver itself can be used as feed.
- cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol can be dissolved in a solvent such as ethanol and mixed and absorbed in feed.
- the milk yield and / or milk quality improving agent, the preventive or therapeutic agent for perinatal diseases, and the reproduction efficiency improving agent of the present invention are effective amounts of cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol. And / or cardol.
- the feed additive of the present invention contains cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- the content of cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol in the feed additive of the present invention is 5 to 5 on a dry matter basis of the feed when added to the feed.
- 500,000 mass ppm is preferable, more preferably 50 to 300,000 mass ppm, and particularly preferably 500 to 100,000 mass ppm. If it is 5 mass ppm or more, milk yield and / or quality can be improved, preventive or therapeutic effects on perinatal diseases, and reproductive efficiency improving effects can be expected.
- the tendency becomes remarkable and preferable.
- the milk yield and / or quality can be improved, perinatal disease can be prevented or treated, and the reproductive efficiency can be improved, but 300,000 mass ppm or less, particularly preferably 100,000 ppm. 000 mass ppm or less is preferable.
- the types of animals that ingest the feed additive of the present invention are ruminants for milk production and reproduction.
- the feed additive of the present invention is suitable for breeding ruminants such as cows, buffalos, goats, sheep and yaks.
- Preferred cow species include female Holstein, Jersey, Japanese black, Japanese shorthorn, and Aberdeen Angus.
- the amount of feed to be ingested can be adjusted as appropriate according to the type of animal, body weight, age, sex, health condition, ingredients of the feed, and the like.
- the use amount of the feed additive of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 500 g / head / day, more preferably 1 to 200 g as the amount of cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol. / Head / day, more preferably 10 to 100 g / head / day.
- the range of the body weight of the cow to feed is usually 500 to 900 kg
- the amount of cashew nut shell liquid etc. contained in the feed to be given per day per 1 kg body weight of the cow is 0.00011 g to 1 g, preferably 0.0011 g to 0.4 g, more preferably 0.001 g to 0.2 g.
- the feed of the present invention contains cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- the content of cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol in the feed of the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 500,000 mass ppm based on the total amount of dry matter in the feed. More preferably, it is 5 to 300,000 mass ppm, and particularly preferably 50 to 100,000 mass ppm. If it is 0.5 mass ppm or more, it can be expected that milk yield and / or quality will be improved, preventive or therapeutic effects on perinatal diseases, and reproductive efficiency improving effects.
- the milk yield and / or quality can be improved, perinatal disease can be prevented or treated, and the reproductive efficiency can be improved, but 300,000 mass ppm or less, particularly preferably 100,000 ppm. 000 mass ppm or less is preferable.
- the type and blending ratio of the feed ingredients to be blended with the agent of the present invention are not particularly limited, and may be any feed that has been conventionally fed to each animal, such as corn grain, Corn flour, milo, bran, soybean meal, oats, wheat flour short, wheat flour, alfalfa, timothy, clover, defatted rice bran, northern meal, coastal meal, yeast, molasses, meat pieces, bone meal, calcium carbonate, dibasic calcium phosphate, It can be prepared using yellow grease, vitamins, minerals and the like.
- the feed of the present invention contains cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol as it is, or contains cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- a milk amount and / or a milk quality improving agent, a preventive or therapeutic agent for perinatal disease, or a reproduction efficiency improving agent can be added to a feed ingredient and mixed.
- a liquid carrier may be used to facilitate mixing, and the agent may be in a liquid or gel form.
- fluid liquids such as water, vegetable oils, liquid animal oils, mineral oils, synthetic oils, and water-soluble polymer compounds can be used as the liquid carrier.
- heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol in the feed alginic acid, sodium alginate, xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose, alpha starch, sodium caseinate, gum arabic, It is also preferable to add a water-soluble polysaccharide such as guar gum and tamarind seed polysaccharide.
- the types of animals that receive the feed of the present invention are ruminants for milk production and reproduction.
- the feed of the present invention is suitable for breeding ruminants such as cows, buffalos, goats, sheep and yaks.
- Preferred cow species include female Holstein, Jersey, Japanese black, Japanese shorthorn, and Aberdeen Angus.
- the amount of feed to be ingested can be appropriately adjusted according to the type of animal, body weight, age, sex, health condition, feed ingredients, etc.
- cashew nut shell liquid contained in the feed is preferably 0.01 to 500 g. / Head / day, more preferably 0.1 to 200 g / head / day, even more preferably 1 to 100 g / head / day.
- the amount of cashew nut shell liquid etc. contained in the feed to be given per day per 1 kg of the body weight of the cow is 0.000011 g to The amount is 1 g, preferably 0.00011 g to 0.4 g, more preferably 0.0011 g to 0.2 g.
- the rough concentration ratio (weight ratio of the rough feed and the concentrated feed) is 0.3 to 1.0 as a ratio of the weight of the rough feed to the total weight of the rough feed and the concentrated feed (forage / forage + concentrated feed). Is preferably 0.3 or more and 0.9 or less, more preferably 0.3 or more and 0.8 or less.
- the roughage refers to raw grass, silage, hay, straw, etc., among feeds fed to livestock. For ruminant livestock, roughage is essential for maintaining rumen function and is a major source of energy and nutrients.
- Concentrated feed is feed that has a high protein content and high fat content, such as corn, barley, wheat, and rice grains, beans such as soybeans, and oil cake after squeezing oil. is there.
- the feed for improving milk yield and / or quality of the present invention is fed to dairy cows of normal age suitable for milk production (usually 20 to 144 months, preferably 20 to 132 months, more preferably 20 to 108 months). It is preferable to do this.
- the preventive or therapeutic agent for perinatal disease is preferably fed to perinatal cattle (preferably 60 days before delivery to 30 days after delivery, more preferably 30 days before delivery to 30 days after delivery).
- As an agent for improving reproductive efficiency it is preferable to feed to cattle of a suitable age for breeding (usually 14 months to 144 months, preferably 14 to 132 months, more preferably 14 to 108 months).
- the ratio of the weight of the roughage to the total weight of the roughage and the concentrated feed is 0.3 or more and 1.0 or less (preferably 0.3 or more and 0.8 or less, more preferably 0.3 or more and 0.7 or less) for 2 days or more, preferably 3 days or more, More preferably, administration of cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol to ruminants fed with feeding for 9 days or more also has an effect of improving milk yield and / or milk quality. In addition, the effect of preventing or treating perinatal diseases, and the effect of improving reproduction efficiency can be achieved.
- Cashew nut shell oil contains 61.8% by weight of anacardic acid, 8.2% by weight of cardanol, 19.9% by weight of cardol, and heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid contains 0.0% by weight of anacardic acid and cardanol. 71.4 mass% and cardol 14.4 mass% were contained.
- Cashew nut shell liquid-containing silica was prepared by mixing 1,000 g of silicic acid anhydride (Sipernat 22 manufactured by Evonik Degussa Japan Co., Ltd.) with 1,000 g of cashew nut shell liquid. 13,000 g of rice bran, 1,165 g of wheat flour, 1,000 g of alfalfa meal, 500 g of molasses-adsorbed feed, and 5 g of flavoring are mixed with 1,000 g of silica containing cashew nut shell liquid and pelletized to contain pellets containing cashew nut shell oil (milk amount) And / or milk quality improver) (10% oil content based on the total amount of the agent).
- silicic acid anhydride Sipernat 22 manufactured by Evonik Degussa Japan Co., Ltd.
- Example 1 Evaluation of Milk Yield and Milk Quality Improvement Effect The test was conducted on a dairy farm with an average number of milking heads of 38 / day, and female Holstein cows (average 57.5 months, range 25 months to 90 months) were used. Tested. Feed feed (rough feed ratio 1: 2) is alfalfa 3kg, timothy 3kg, dairy cattle breeding formula (Kyodo Feed Co., Ltd.) 8kg, dairy cattle breeding formula (Snow Brand Seed Co., Ltd.) ) Made) 4kg design. Milk amount and milk components (milk fat, non-fat milk solid, milk protein, and urea nitrogen in milk) were measured before feeding the cashew nut shell oil-containing pellet.
- Feed feed (rough feed ratio 1: 2) is alfalfa 3kg, timothy 3kg, dairy cattle breeding formula (Kyodo Feed Co., Ltd.) 8kg, dairy cattle breeding formula (Snow Brand Seed Co., Ltd.) ) Made) 4kg design. Milk amount and milk components (milk
- milk yield a value obtained by dividing the amount of total milk milked at the test ranch by the number of milking heads was adopted, and the milk component values were collected from the whole milk and analyzed. Feeding of cashew nut shell oil-containing pellets at a rate of 100 g / day per head (10 g / day in terms of cashew nut shell oil) was started, and milk amount measurement and milk quality analysis were performed on the ninth day before the start of feeding.
- the milk yield increased by 1.7 L on the 9th day, and the milk yield improvement effect was recognized.
- the milk fat content was increased by 0.10%
- the non-fat milk solid content was increased by 0.11%
- the milk protein content was increased by 0.14%.
- a decrease in urea nitrogen in milk was observed. This is probably because the milk protein content was increased by efficiently converting the nitrogen content into milk protein.
- Example 2 Evaluation of milk yield improvement effect Female Holstein adult cows were used for the test. For 5 days from the date of delivery, 100 g (10 g as CNSL) of the preparation of Production Example 1 was given per day. There are 11 CNSL salary wards (5 babies, 2 babies, 3 babies, 4 babies, 5 babies), 12 control zones (CNSL non-salary ward) that do not give CNSL (5 babies, 3 babies, 4 babies) Head, 4 babies, 5 babies, 2 babies). The feed was changed according to the physical condition of the cow, but on average, the design was 7 kg of timothy and 2-3 kg of concentrated feed per day. The milk yield was measured for 5 days after delivery, and the rate of increase was calculated. The results are shown in FIG. 1 and Tables 2 and 3.
- Example 3 Evaluation of the effect of preventing rumen displacement A female female Holstein cow was used for the test. For 5 days from the date of delivery, 100 g (10 g as CNSL) of the preparation of Production Example 1 was given per day. There were 16 CNSL salaries and 15 control plots that did not receive CNSL. The feed was changed according to the physical condition of the cows, but it was roughly designed to be 7kg Timothy and 2-3kg concentrated feed per day.
- Example 4 Evaluation of therapeutic effect on displacement of stomach 4
- Female Holstein adult cows were used for the test. From the onset of gastric displacement to healing, 3 preparations (21.5 g as CNSL) of the preparation example 2 were given per day. Seven cases were tested. The onset and healing of the rumen displacement was based on veterinary findings. The test results are shown in FIG.
- Tables 4 to 9 show the veterinary findings in each case.
- the abdominal tension was rated on a four-point scale: 1: very full, 2: heel full, 3: slightly bulge, 4: normal.
- the auditory percussion sound was rated on a four-point scale, with 1: metal sound, 2: water beat sound, 3: blue sound, and 4: normal sound.
- Appetite, milk yield, and vitality were rated on a five-point scale: 1: very bad, 2: bad, 3: normal, 4: good, 5: very good.
- Fecal properties were rated on a five-point scale: 1: bloody stool, 2: flooded stool, 3: mud-like stool, 4: soft stool, 5: normal stool.
- the gastric displacement was cured in 5 cases.
- signs of recovery such as improved appetite, increased milk yield, and improved fecal properties were observed on the 2nd to 3rd days, and on the 2nd to 4th days the gastric displacement was completely cured.
- the therapeutic effect of CNSL was observed.
- Example 5 Evaluation of milk yield improvement effect under heat stress Tests were conducted at two ranches in the dairy cooperatives during the heat stress period from June 6 to September 21.
- the feed feed was designed to have a crude concentration ratio of approximately 44:56 and a daily dry matter intake of 20.1 to 22.8 kg.
- Milk amount and milk components were measured before feeding the cashew nut shell oil-containing pellet.
- For the milk yield a value obtained by dividing the amount of total milk milked at the test ranch by the number of milking heads was adopted, and the milk component values were collected from the whole milk and analyzed. Further, the milk amount was corrected by the milk fat amount, and the milk amount converted to 3.5% milk fat content was set to 3.5FCM.
- the calculation formula is as follows.
- THI Temperature-Humidity Index
- the test was conducted by the switchback method.
- the cashew nut shell oil-containing pellet described in Production Example 1 was started to be fed at 50 g / day (5 g / day in cashew nut shell oil equivalent), and in test (1), 20 days of salary (salary period) After 21 days, the salary was stopped (leave salary period), and in the test (2), the salary for 21 days and the salary stop for 21 days were repeated.
- Milk yield measurement and milk quality analysis were performed before feeding and on the last day of each study period.
- the feed feed was designed to have a crude ratio of about 45:55 and a daily dry matter intake of 22.0 to 22.46 kg.
- cashew nut shell oil-containing pellets were fed, and the milk yield and milk components were measured. The results are shown in Table 10, Table 11 and FIG.
- Example 6 Evaluation of milk yield improvement effect under heat stress The test was conducted from July 21 to September 27 at the K farm in Example 5 and the dairy cooperative. In the K ranch, the feed feed was designed to have a crude concentration ratio of approximately 43:57 and a daily dry matter intake of 22.2 to 23.64 kg. Milk amount and milk components were measured before feeding the cashew nut shell oil-containing pellet. For the milk yield, a value obtained by dividing the amount of total milk milked at the test ranch by the number of milking heads was adopted, and the milk component values were collected from the whole milk and analyzed. 3.5FCM and THI were calculated in the same manner as in Example 5.
- test was conducted by the switchback method.
- the cashew nut shell oil-containing pellet described in Production Example 1 was fed at a rate of 100 g / day per head (10 g / day in terms of cashew nut shell oil), and after 28 days, 6 days I stopped paying.
- test (2) 50 g / day of cashew nut shell oil-containing pellet was fed per head (5 g / day in terms of cashew nut shell oil), and the test was terminated after 19 days of feeding. Milk yield measurement and milk quality analysis were performed before feeding and on the last day of each study period. The results are shown in Table 12, Table 13, and FIG.
- Example 7 Evaluation of milk quality improvement effect The test was conducted on a farm with an average number of milking heads of 50 per day, and female Holstein adult cattle were used for the test. The feed was separated and the coarse / thickness ratio was 0.45 to 0.60, which was fine-tuned according to the physical condition. The daily dry matter intake was designed to be 23-25 kg. Milk amount and milk components were measured before feeding the cashew nut shell oil-containing pellet. For the milk yield, a value obtained by dividing the amount of total milk milked at the test ranch by the number of milking heads was adopted, and the milk component values were collected from the whole milk and analyzed.
- the milk amount and milk quality for 11 days before feeding the cashew nut shell oil-containing pellets were used as controls, and then 50 g / day of cashew nut shell oil-containing pellets described in Production Example 1 (5 g / day in terms of cashew nut shell oil). ) was fed for 21 days, and changes in milk yield and quality were observed.
- Example 8 Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of the rumen displacement Female holstein cows were used for the test. From the onset of the gastric displacement to the healing, 16 preparations (10 g as CNSL) were given per day. Four cases were tested, and the results are shown in Tables 15 to 18 and FIG. The onset and healing of the rumen displacement was based on veterinary findings.
- Tables 1 to 4 show the veterinary findings in each case.
- the belly tension was evaluated on a four-level scale: 1: very full, 2: full, 3: slightly full, 4: normal.
- the auditory percussion sound was rated on a four-level scale, with 1: metal sound, 2: blister sound, 3: guru sound, 4: normal sound.
- the appetite, milk yield, and vitality were rated on a five-point scale: 1: very bad, 2: bad, 3: normal, 4: good, 5: very good.
- Fecal properties were evaluated on a five-point scale: 1: bloody stool, 2: watery stool, 3: mud-like stool, 4: soft stool, 5: normal stool.
- Example 9 Evaluation of Reproductive Efficiency Improvement Effect Female Holstein adult cattle were used for the test. Individuals who finished delivery were randomly assigned to the test group and the control group, and the test group individuals were given 100 g (10 g as CNSL) per day for 5 days from the date of delivery. However, one cow was not included in the statistics in this example because the management before and after calving was different. 9 test plots (CNSL salary) (2 babies, 3 babies, 4 babies, 4 babies, 1 babies, 5 babies, 1 babies, 6 babies) (3 in 5 heads). The feed was changed according to the physical condition of the cow, but on average, the design was 7 kg of timothy per day and 2-3 kg of concentrated feed.
- CNSL salary (2 babies, 3 babies, 4 babies, 4 babies, 1 babies, 5 babies, 1 babies, 6 babies
- the reproductive efficiency was evaluated by the number of seeding, the number of days of sterilization, the number of days of actual gestation, the number of days of the first conception, the conception rate of the first fertilization, the conception rate, and the estrus detection rate, which are general indicators.
- the proportion of individuals of 90 days or less considered good and the proportion of individuals of 120 days or more deemed unfavorable were also calculated.
- the test results are shown in Table 19.
- the milk yield and quality of ruminants can be improved, and perinatal diseases can be prevented or treated, which is useful in the livestock field. Furthermore, by improving the reproductive efficiency, it is possible to efficiently obtain offspring, reduce the number of artificial insemination, etc., and greatly increase productivity and profitability, so the industrial utility is very high .
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
そこで、抗生物質代替技術として植物抽出物の利用などが検討されている(非特許文献3)。しかし、これらの技術の多くは効果が安定しない、飼料としての登録が認められないなどの課題が残されており、実用化には至っていない。
しかし分娩前後の食滞等の影響で設計通りの栄養素を給与することが出来なかったり、繁殖効率の個体差が大きいため効果が不明確であったりと様々な問題点があり、その課題を十分に達成しているとは言えない状況であった。さらに牛群全体における無発情牛の増加、発情発見率の低下、受胎率の低下といった牛群単位の問題点もあり、それらの課題解決に向け、業界全体が試行錯誤を繰り返しているのが現状である(非特許文献8)。そして、これまでに、カシューナッツ殻油による反芻動物の繁殖効率の改善に関しては全く知見がない。
本発明者らは、このようにして、本発明を完成するに至った。
(1)カシューナッツ殻油(カシューナッツ殻そのものでも良い、以下同じ)、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油(加熱処理カシューナッツ殻そのものでも良い、以下同じ)、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤。
(2)粗飼料と濃厚飼料の重量の合計に対する粗飼料の重量の割合が0.3以上1.0以下の飼料を投与して飼育された反芻動物に対して投与される、(1)に記載の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤。
(3)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質向上用飼料。
(4)粗飼料と濃厚飼料の重量の合計に対する粗飼料の重量の割合が0.3以上1.0以下である、(3)に記載の飼料。
(5)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを反芻動物に投与することを特徴とする、反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質を向上させる方法。
(6)前記反芻動物が、粗飼料と濃厚飼料の重量の合計に対する粗飼料の重量の割合が0.3以上1.0以下の飼料を投与して飼育された反芻動物である、(5)に記載の方法。
(7)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを0.01~500g/頭/日投与することを特徴とする、(5)または(6)に記載の方法。
(8)反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
(9)反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質向上用飼料の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
(10)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする反芻動物の周産期病の予防または治療剤。
(11)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物の周産期病予防又は治療用の飼料。
(12)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを反芻動物に投与することを特徴とする、反芻動物の周産期病を予防または治療する方法。
(13)反芻動物の周産期病の予防剤または治療剤の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
(14)反芻動物の周産期病の予防または治療用飼料の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
(15)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物の繁殖効率改善剤。
(16)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物の繁殖効率改善用飼料。
(17)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを反芻動物に給与することを特徴とする、反芻動物の繁殖効率を改善する方法。
(18)カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを0.01~500g/頭/日給与することを特徴とする、(17)に記載の方法。
(19)反芻動物の繁殖効率改善剤の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
(20)反芻動物の繁殖効率改善用飼料の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
無脂乳固形分や乳脂肪分が基準値より低いと高い評価を受けることができない場合があるが、本発明の乳質向上剤により、乳価(生産者からの買い取り額)が下がるのを防ぐことができる。
本発明の乳質向上剤により、乳蛋白質分、無脂乳固形分、及び乳脂肪分等の乳成分値を基準値より高くすることができるので、乳価が乳質の評価によって決定される場合、乳価が上がり、生産者により利益が出る場合がある。
本発明の繁殖効率改善剤は、カシューナッツ殻油(CNSL)、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする。なお、本発明において、繁殖効率の改善とは、種付け回数の低減、空胎日数の短縮、受胎率の向上、実空胎日数の短縮等により、効率良く産子を得ることを意味する。
カシューナッツの殻を圧搾することにより抽出した非加熱カシューナッツ殻油は、J.Agric.Food Chem. 2001, 49, 2548-2551に記載されるように、アナカルド酸を55~80質量%、カルダノールを5~20質量%、カルドールを5~30質量%含むものである。
非加熱カシューナッツ殻油を130℃以上で加熱処理した加熱カシューナッツ殻油は、非加熱カシューナッツ殻油の主成分のアナカルド酸が脱炭酸しカルダノールに変換され、アナカルド酸を0~10質量%、カルダノールを55~80質量%、カルドールを5~30質量%含むものとなる。
本発明において使用されるカシューナッツ殻油は、その他にも加熱殺菌処理油、カシューナッツの殻を粉砕・破砕して得られたものであってもよい。また、殻そのものであっても良い。
本発明において使用されるカシューナッツ殻油は、市販品を用いることもできる。
本発明の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤、周産期病の予防または治療剤、並びに繁殖効率改善剤は、カシューナッツ殻油の代わりに、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールそのものを含んでいてもよい。
本発明において使用されるカルドールとしては、天然物カルドール、合成カルドール、それらの誘導体が挙げられる。また、本発明において使用されるカルドールは、カシューナッツ殻油から精製することにより、得ることができる。
本発明のカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、および/またはカルドールを直接投与する場合、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの投与量は、好ましくは、0.01~500g/頭/日、より好ましくは0.1~200g/頭/日、最も好ましくは1~100g/頭/日である。0.01g/頭/日以上であれば、乳量及び/または乳質が向上すること、周産期病の予防または治療効果、並びに繁殖効率改善効果が期待できる。0.1g以上、特に好ましくは1g以上であれば、その傾向は顕著になり好ましい。一方、1,000g以下でも乳量及び/または乳質を向上させることができ、また周産期病の予防または治療ができ、さらに繁殖効率を改善できるが、200g以下、特に好ましくは100g以下が好ましい。
本発明の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤、周産期病の予防または治療剤、並びに繁殖効率改善剤において、吸油剤と、カシューナッツ殻油(CNSL)、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの好ましい質量比は、100:20~100:180である。また、吸油剤とカシューナッツ殻粉砕物の場合の好ましい質量比は、15:100~60:100である。
液剤としては、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールをそのまま用いてもよいし、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールをエタノールなどの溶媒に溶かしてもよいし、あるいは上記賦形剤または任意成分を添加して用いることもできる。また、以下の粉剤、カプセル剤、ペレット剤、タブレット剤を液中に懸濁・浮遊させてもよい。
粉剤としては、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールに上記賦形剤を添加し、粉末化することもできる。
カプセル剤としては、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールをそのままカプセルに詰めてもよいし、あるいは上記賦形剤または任意成分を添加してもよい。
ペレット剤としては、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールに上記賦形剤を添加し、造粒し、ペレット化することもできる。
錠剤としては、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールに上記賦形剤を添加し、造粒し、錠剤化することもできる。
なお、シリカなどの吸油剤を含有する場合には、粉剤や錠剤やペレット剤として製剤化することが好ましい。
このように、本発明の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤、周産期病の予防または治療剤、並びに繁殖効率改善剤は、有効量のカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含む。
なお、本発明の飼料添加剤におけるカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの含有量は、飼料に添加されたときに飼料の乾物質量当たり、全量基準で5~500,000質量ppmが好ましく、より好ましくは50~300,000質量ppm、特に好ましくは500~100,000質量ppmである。5質量ppm以上であれば、乳量及び/または乳質が向上すること、周産期病の予防または治療効果、並びに繁殖効率改善効果が期待できる。50質量ppm以上、特に好ましくは500質量ppm以上であれば、その傾向は顕著になり好ましい。一方、500,000質量ppmでも乳量及び/または乳質を向上でき、また周産期病の予防または治療ができ、さらに繁殖効率を改善できるが、300,000質量ppm以下、特に好ましくは100,000質量ppm以下が好ましい。
本発明の飼料添加剤の使用量は、カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの量として好ましくは0.1~500g/頭/日、より好ましくは1~200g/頭/日、さらに好ましくは10~100g/頭/日である。また、飼料を摂取させる牛の体重の範囲は、通常、500~900kgであるので、牛の体重1kg当たりの、一日に与える飼料に含まれるカシューナッツ殻油等の量としては、0.00011g~1g、好ましくは0.0011g~0.4g、より好ましくは0.001g~0.2gである。
なお、本発明の飼料におけるカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの含有量は、飼料の乾物質量当たり、全量基準で0.5~500,000質量ppmが好ましく、より好ましくは5~300,000質量ppm、特に好ましくは50~100,000質量ppmである。0.5質量ppm以上であれば、乳量及び/または乳質が向上すること、周産期病の予防または治療効果、並びに繁殖効率改善効果が期待できる。5質量ppm以上、特に好ましくは50質量ppm以上であれば、その傾向は顕著になり好ましい。一方、500,000質量ppmでも乳量及び/または乳質を向上でき、また周産期病の予防または治療ができ、さらに繁殖効率を改善できるが、300,000質量ppm以下、特に好ましくは100,000質量ppm以下が好ましい。
なお、粗飼料とは、家畜に給与する飼料の中で、生草、サイレージ、乾草、わら類等を指す。 反芻家畜にとって粗飼料は反芻胃の機能を維持するために不可欠であり、主要なエネルギー、栄養素補給源となる。
また、濃厚飼料とは、トウモロコシ・大麦・小麦・米などの穀物の種部、大豆などの豆類、また油を絞った後の油粕などが多く利用されるタンパク質含有量や脂肪分が高い飼料である。
本発明の乳量及び/または乳質向上用飼料は、乳生産に適した月齢の乳牛(通常は20~144ヶ月齢、好ましくは20~132ヶ月齢、より好ましくは20~108ヶ月齢)に給与するのが好ましい。周産期病の予防または治療剤は、周産期の牛(好ましくは分娩前60日~分娩後30日、より好ましくは分娩前30日~分娩後30日)に給与するのが好ましい。繁殖効率の改善剤としては、繁殖に適した月齢の牛(通常は14ヶ月~144ヶ月齢、好ましくは14~132ヶ月齢、より好ましくは14~108ヶ月齢)に給与するのが好ましい。
カシュー・トレーディング(株)より入手したカシューナッツの殻220kgを圧搾する事によりカシューナッツ殻油67kgを製造した。また、130℃で加熱処理することによりアナカルド酸をカルダノールに変換した加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油を、カシュー・トレーディング(株)より入手した(コールドプレスオイル(インド産))。
カシューナッツ殻油の組成は以下の方法で測定した。すなわち、HPLC(Waters600、日本ウォーターズ(株))、検出機(Waters490E、日本ウォーターズ(株))、プリンタ(クロマトパックC-R6A、島津製作所)、カラム(SUPELCOSIL LC18、SUPELCO社)を用いた。アセトニトリル:水:酢酸が80:20:1(容量比)の溶媒を用い、流速は2ml/分とした。280nmの吸光度で検出した。
カシューナッツ殻油には、アナカルド酸が61.8質量%、カルダノールが8.2質量%、カルドールが19.9質量%、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油には、アナカルド酸が0.0質量%、カルダノールが71.4質量%、カルドールが14.4質量%含まれていた。
試験は平均搾乳頭数38頭/日の牧場にて行い、雌のホルスタイン成牛(平均57.5ヶ月齢、範囲25ヶ月齢~90ヶ月齢)を試験に供試した。給与飼料(飼料粗濃比 1:2)は1日当たり、アルファルファ3kg、チモシー3kg、乳用牛飼育用配合飼料(協同飼料(株)製)8kg、乳用牛飼育用配合飼料(雪印種苗(株)製)4kgの設計とした。
カシューナッツ殻油含有ペレット剤給与前に乳量及び乳成分(乳脂肪分、無脂乳固形分、乳蛋白質分、および乳中尿素態窒素)を測定した。乳量は試験牧場にて搾乳された全乳汁の量を搾乳頭数で除した値を採用し、乳成分値は全乳汁から分取し分析した。カシューナッツ殻油含有ペレット剤を1頭当たり100g/日(カシューナッツ殻油換算で10g/日)給与を開始し、給与開始前、給与開始9日目に乳量測定及び乳質分析を行った。
「乳及び乳製品の成分規格等に関する省令」
(昭和二十六年十二月二十七日厚生省令第五十二号)
最終改正:平成一九年一〇月三〇日厚生労働省令第一三二号
別表
二 乳等の成分規格並びに製造、調理及び保存の方法の基準
(七) 乳等の成分規格の試験法
に記載の測定方法に従い測定した。試験結果を表1に示した。
雌のホルスタイン成牛を試験に供試した。分娩日から5日間、製造例1の剤を1日100g(CNSLとして10g)与えた。CNSL給与区は11頭(初産5頭、2産1頭、3産4頭、5産1頭)、CNSLを与えない対照区(CNSL非給与区)は12頭(初産5頭、3産4頭、4産1頭、5産2頭)で行った。給与飼料は牛の体調に合わせて変化させたが平均すると1日当たり、チモシー7kg、濃厚飼料2~3kgの設計とした。乳量は分娩から5日間測定し、増加率を算出した。結果を図1および表2、表3に示した。
雌のホルスタイン成牛を試験に供試した。分娩日から5日間、製造例1の剤を1日100g(CNSLとして10g)与えた。CNSL給与区は16頭、CNSLを与えない対照区は15頭で行った。給与飼料は牛の体調に合わせて変化させたが大まかに1日当たり、チモシー7kg、濃厚飼料2~3kgの設計とした。
カシュー・トレーディング(株)より入手したカシューナッツの殻220kgを圧搾する事によりカシューナッツ殻油67kgを製造した。カシューナッツ殻油455gに対し、無水ケイ酸(エボニックデグサジャパン(株)製、Sipernat22)394g、ベントナイト91gを混合してカシューナッツ殻油含有シリカを作製した。その後、成型機にてカシューナッツ殻油含有シリカのタブレット剤を作成した。
雌のホルスタイン成牛を試験に供試した。第四胃変位発症から治癒まで、製造例2の剤を1日3粒(CNSLとして21.5g)与えた。7症例に対して試験を行った。第四胃変位の発症及び治癒は獣医の所見によった。試験結果を図3に示した。
試験は6月6日~9月21日の暑熱ストレスがかかる時期に、同酪農協管内の2ヵ所の牧場にて実施した。O牧場においては、給与飼料は粗濃比をおよそ44:56とし、1日当たりの乾物摂取量は20.1~22.8kgの設計とした。カシューナッツ殻油含有ペレット剤給与前に乳量及び乳成分を測定した。乳量は試験牧場にて搾乳された全乳汁の量を搾乳頭数で除した値を採用し、乳成分値は全乳汁から分取し分析した。また、乳量を乳脂肪量で補正し、乳脂肪分3.5%に換算した乳量を3.5FCMとした。計算式は下記の通り。
3.5FCM=0.432×実乳量+16.23×(実乳量×実乳脂肪率)
暑熱ストレスの指標は、一般的に温湿指数(THI;Temperature-Humidity Index)によって評価され、牛の場合は72以下で快適、73~80でやや暑い、80~90で暑い、90~98で厳しい暑さ、そして98以上で危険とされている。THIが73を超えると牛はストレスを感じ、乳量及び乳質の低下が起こり、1~2割の乳量低下が起こることもある。本試験においても、THIを用いて暑熱ストレスを評価した。計算式は下記の通り。ただし、Tは温度(℃)、Hは相対湿度(%)を表す。
THI=0.8T+0.01H(T-14.3)+46.3
M牧場においては、給与飼料は粗濃比をおよそ45:55とし、1日あたりの乾物摂取量は22.0~22.46kgの設計とした。O牧場と同様の試験条件にて、カシューナッツ殻油含有ペレット剤給与及び、乳量・乳成分の測定を行った。結果を表10、表11及び図4に示した。
「乳及び乳製品の成分規格等に関する省令」
(昭和二十六年十二月二十七日厚生省令第五十二号)
最終改正:平成十九年一〇月三〇日厚生労働省令第一三二号
別表
二 乳等の成分規格並びに製造、調理及び保存の方法の基準
(七) 乳等の成分規格の試験法
に記載の測定方法に従い測定した。
試験は7月21日~9月27日に、実施例5と同酪農協管内のK牧場にて実施した。K牧場においては、給与飼料は粗濃比をおよそ43:57とし、1日当たりの乾物摂取量は22.2~23.64kgの設計とした。カシューナッツ殻油含有ペレット剤給与前に乳量を及び乳成分を測定した。乳量は試験牧場にて搾乳された全乳汁の量を搾乳頭数で除した値を採用し、乳成分値は全乳汁から分取し分析した。3.5FCM及びTHIについては、実施例5と同様に算出した。
「乳及び乳製品の成分規格等に関する省令」
(昭和二十六年十二月二十七日厚生省令第五十二号)
最終改正:平成十九年一〇月三〇日厚生労働省令第一三二号
別表
二 乳等の成分規格並びに製造、調理及び保存の方法の基準
(七) 乳等の成分規格の試験法
に記載の測定方法に従い測定した。
試験は平均搾乳頭数50頭/日の牧場にて行い、雌のホルスタイン成牛を試験に供試した。飼料は分離給与とし、粗濃比は0.45~0.60で体調に合わせて微調整を行った。1日当たりの乾物摂取量は23~25kgの設計とした。
カシューナッツ殻油含有ペレット剤給与前に乳量及び乳成分を測定した。乳量は試験牧場にて搾乳された全乳汁の量を搾乳頭数で除した値を採用し、乳成分値は全乳汁から分取し分析した。カシューナッツ殻油含有ペレット剤の給与前11日間の乳量及び乳質を対照とし、その後、製造例1に記載するカシューナッツ殻油含有ペレット剤を1頭当たり50g/日(カシューナッツ殻油換算で5g/日)を21日間給与し、乳量及び乳質の変化を観察した。
「乳及び乳製品の成分規格等に関する省令」
(昭和二十六年十二月二十七日厚生省令第五十二号)
最終改正:平成十九年一〇月三〇日厚生労働省令第一三二号
別表
二 乳等の成分規格並びに製造、調理及び保存の方法の基準
(七) 乳等の成分規格の試験法
に記載の測定方法に従い測定した。試験結果を表14に示した。
一般的に、過剰なMUNは、乳蛋白質や乳糖といった乳質の低下原因となるのみでなく、空胎日数や授精回数の増加といった繁殖効率の低下の原因となると考えられている。したがって、産業動物である乳牛において、乳量及び乳質の向上と繁殖効率の低下防止は非常に重要な項目であり、暑熱ストレス下においてもその両方に効果を発揮することが出来るカシューナッツ殻油含有ペレット剤は産業的にも有意義であると考えられる。
カシュー・トレーディング(株)より入手したカシューナッツの殻220kgを圧搾する事によりカシューナッツ殻油67kgを製造した。(株)テクノパウダルトンにてカシューナッツ殻油に対し、セルロース、無水ケイ酸、麦芽糖、無水クエン酸、リン酸二水素ナトリウムを混合して、カシューナッツ殻油含有タブレット剤を作成した。また、使いやすさを向上させるため、該タブレット剤をオブラート(デンプン)にて包装した。
雌のホルスタイン成牛を試験に供試した。第四胃変位発症から治癒まで、製造例3の剤を1日16粒(CNSLとして10g)与えた。4症例に対して試験を行い、その結果を表15~18及び図6に示した。第四胃変位の発症及び治癒は獣医の所見によった。
本試験においては、カシューナッツ殻油含有タブレット剤を第四胃変位発症後に給与し、その影響を検証したが、周産期病は特に乾乳期の飼養管理によって、分娩後に疾病が発症する場合が多い。しかし、実施例3にて周産期病発症前に予防的に給与することが有効であったことから考えると、乾乳期から給与することによって総合的に周産期病を制御することができると考えられる。
雌のホルスタイン成牛を試験に供試した。分娩を終えた個体から無作為に試験区と対照区に振り分け、試験区の個体には分娩日から5日間、製造例1の剤を1日100g(CNSLとして10g)与えた。ただし、1産の牛は分娩前後の管理が異なっていたため、本実施例においては統計に含めなかった。試験区(CNSL給与)は9頭(2産2頭、3産4頭、4産1頭、5産1頭、6産1頭)、CNSLを与えない対照区(CNSL非給与)は5頭(3産5頭)で行った。給与飼料は牛の体調に合わせて変化させたが、平均すると1日当たりチモシー7kg、濃厚飼料2~3kgの設計とした。
繁殖効率は、一般的な指標とされる、種付け回数、空胎日数、実空胎日数、初回受胎日数、初回授精受胎率、受胎率および発情発見率によって評価した。空胎日数においては、良好とされる90日以下の個体割合と、良好でないとされる120日以上の個体割合も算出した。試験結果は表19に示した。
空胎日数=最終授精日―前回分娩日
初回授精日数=分娩後、初めて授精が成立した日
初回授精受胎率=初回授精によって授精が成立した割合
受胎率=授精が確立した個体数(群全体)/全体の人工授精回数×100
実空胎日数=初回授精から最終授精(空胎日数)までの日数
初回授精日=分娩後、初めて人工授精を行った日
最終授精日=直近の人工授精日
発情発見率(群全体)=平均授精回数÷(平均実空胎日数÷21+1)×100
Claims (20)
- カシューナッツ殻油(カシューナッツ殻そのものでも良い、以下同じ)、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油(加熱処理カシューナッツ殻そのものでも良い、以下同じ)、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤。
- 粗飼料と濃厚飼料の重量の合計に対する粗飼料の重量の割合が0.3以上1.0以下の飼料を投与して飼育された反芻動物に対して投与される、請求項1記載の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質向上用飼料。
- 粗飼料と濃厚飼料の重量の合計に対する粗飼料の重量の割合が0.3以上1.0以下である、請求項3記載の飼料。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを反芻動物に投与することを特徴とする、反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質を向上させる方法。
- 前記反芻動物が、粗飼料と濃厚飼料の重量の合計に対する粗飼料の重量の割合が0.3以上1.0以下の飼料を投与して飼育された反芻動物である、請求項5記載の方法。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを0.01~500g/頭/日投与することを特徴とする、請求項5または6記載の方法。
- 反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
- 反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質向上用飼料の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする反芻動物の周産期病の予防または治療剤。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物の周産期病予防又は治療用の飼料。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを反芻動物に投与することを特徴とする、反芻動物の周産期病を予防または治療する方法。
- 反芻動物の周産期病の予防剤または治療剤の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
- 反芻動物の周産期病の予防または治療用飼料の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物の繁殖効率改善剤。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを含有することを特徴とする、反芻動物の繁殖効率改善用飼料。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを反芻動物に給与することを特徴とする、反芻動物の繁殖効率を改善する方法。
- カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールを0.01~500g/頭/日給与することを特徴とする、請求項17記載の方法。
- 反芻動物の繁殖効率改善剤の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
- 反芻動物の繁殖効率改善用飼料の製造のためのカシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノールおよび/またはカルドールの使用。
Priority Applications (20)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201180063906.2A CN103313608B (zh) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | 反刍动物乳量和/或乳质提高剂、围产期病的预防或治疗剂及繁殖效率改善剂 |
| JP2012551802A JP5651195B2 (ja) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | 反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤、周産期病予防または治療剤、並びに繁殖効率改善剤 |
| KR1020167031393A KR101931009B1 (ko) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | 반추 동물의 유량 및/또는 유질 향상제, 주산기병 예방 또는 치료제, 그리고 번식 효율 개선제 |
| ES11855002.9T ES2687416T3 (es) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | Agente para mejorar la producción de leche y/o la calidad de la leche de rumiantes |
| BR122018076100-8A BR122018076100B1 (pt) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | Uso de ao menos um dentre líquido de casca de castanha de caju, líquido de casca de castanha de caju tratado por calor, ácido anacárdico, cardanol e cardol |
| BR122018076097-4A BR122018076097B1 (pt) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | uso de ao menos um dentre líquido de casca de castanha de caju, líquido de casca de castanha de caju tratado por calor, ácido anacárdico, cardanol e cardol |
| AU2011353949A AU2011353949B2 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | Agent for improving milk yield and/or milk quality of ruminants, preventive or therapeutic agent for perinatal disease, and agent for improving reproductive efficiency |
| EP11855002.9A EP2661969B1 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | Agent for improving milk yield and/or milk quality of ruminants |
| CA2823891A CA2823891C (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | Milk yield and/or milk quality improving agent, perinatal disease preventive or therapeutic agent, and reproductivity improving agent for ruminant |
| DK11855002.9T DK2661969T3 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | Means to improve milk yield and / or milk quality for ruminants |
| KR1020177014944A KR101865525B1 (ko) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | 반추 동물의 유량 및/또는 유질 향상제, 주산기병 예방 또는 치료제, 그리고 번식 효율 개선제 |
| EP21152214.9A EP3848042B1 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | Reproductivity improving agent for a ruminant |
| KR1020137020623A KR101751097B1 (ko) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | 반추 동물의 유량 및/또는 유질 향상제, 주산기병 예방 또는 치료제, 그리고 번식 효율 개선제 |
| EP18186488.5A EP3466437B1 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | Perinatal disease preventive or therapeutic agent for ruminant |
| NZ612611A NZ612611A (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | Milk yield and/or milk quality improving agent, perinatal disease preventive or therapeutic agent, and reproductivity improving agent for ruminant |
| US13/978,324 US8697148B2 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | Milk yield and/or milk quality improving agent, perinatal disease preventive or therapeutic agent, and reproductivity improving agent for ruminant |
| BR112013016346-1A BR112013016346B1 (pt) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | Método de aperfeiçoamento de ao menos um dentre rendimento de leite e qualidade de leite de um ruminante, e, uso de ao menos um dentre líquido de casca de castanha de caju, líquido de casca de castanha de caju tratado por calor, ácido anacardico, cardanol e cardol |
| US14/186,758 US8859015B2 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2014-02-21 | Milk yield and/or milk quality improving agent, perinatal disease preventive or therapeutic agent, and reproductivity improving agent for ruminant |
| US14/314,904 US9238048B2 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2014-06-25 | Milk yield and/or milk quality improving agent, perinatal disease preventive or therapeutic agent, and reproductivity improving agent for ruminant |
| US14/962,591 US9694041B2 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2015-12-08 | Milk yield and/or milk quality improving agent, perinatal disease preventive or therapeutic agent, and reproductivity improving agent for ruminant |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011001711 | 2011-01-07 | ||
| JP2011-001711 | 2011-01-07 | ||
| JP2011042631 | 2011-02-28 | ||
| JP2011-042631 | 2011-02-28 |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/978,324 A-371-Of-International US8697148B2 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | Milk yield and/or milk quality improving agent, perinatal disease preventive or therapeutic agent, and reproductivity improving agent for ruminant |
| US14/186,758 Division US8859015B2 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2014-02-21 | Milk yield and/or milk quality improving agent, perinatal disease preventive or therapeutic agent, and reproductivity improving agent for ruminant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012093533A1 true WO2012093533A1 (ja) | 2012-07-12 |
Family
ID=46457395
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2011/077694 Ceased WO2012093533A1 (ja) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-11-30 | 反芻動物の乳量及び/または乳質向上剤、周産期病予防または治療剤、並びに繁殖効率改善剤 |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (4) | US8697148B2 (ja) |
| EP (3) | EP3466437B1 (ja) |
| JP (3) | JP5651195B2 (ja) |
| KR (3) | KR101751097B1 (ja) |
| CN (4) | CN104288196A (ja) |
| AR (1) | AR084802A1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2011353949B2 (ja) |
| BR (3) | BR112013016346B1 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2823891C (ja) |
| DK (2) | DK3466437T3 (ja) |
| ES (3) | ES2899427T3 (ja) |
| NZ (1) | NZ612611A (ja) |
| TR (1) | TR201815353T4 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2012093533A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020130001A (ja) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-08-31 | ネオファーマジャパン株式会社 | 泌乳牛の乳におけるタンパク質含量増加剤 |
| WO2024075706A1 (ja) * | 2022-10-03 | 2024-04-11 | 株式会社エス・ディー・エス バイオテック | 反芻動物のメタン産生抑制剤 |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017019996A1 (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2017-02-02 | Genus, Plc | Method of breeding cows for improved milk yield |
| BR112018016376A8 (pt) * | 2016-02-12 | 2022-12-13 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Ração funcional |
| CN106962620A (zh) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-21 | 上林县山水牛畜牧业有限公司 | 一种肉牛围产期饲料 |
| CN108522863A (zh) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-14 | 灵武市欣兴饲草产业有限公司 | 一种反刍动物饲料及其制备方法 |
| JP7531195B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-19 | 2024-08-09 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | 反芻動物用メタン生成抑制組成物 |
| AU2020251966A1 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-09-02 | Uri Kushnir | Cultivated legume species ononis alopecuroides as a novel food source for livestock animals |
| JP2020184958A (ja) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-19 | 雪印種苗株式会社 | 乾乳期乳牛用飼料の添加剤および飼料 |
| AR120346A1 (es) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-02-09 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Agente para suprimir la resistencia a la insulina en rumiantes |
| JP7519661B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-03 | 2024-07-22 | 株式会社エス・ディー・エス バイオテック | 腸管細胞の炎症抑制剤 |
| CN113133502B (zh) * | 2020-06-10 | 2022-11-11 | 中国农业大学 | 一种饲喂围产期奶牛的复合添加剂及其制备方法和应用 |
| JP2024050368A (ja) * | 2022-09-29 | 2024-04-10 | 北勝商事株式会社 | ヘルスビタミン |
| WO2025125675A1 (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2025-06-19 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Novel use |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01190630A (ja) | 1988-01-25 | 1989-07-31 | Fujisawa Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 牛の第四胃変位の治療剤 |
| JPH03240716A (ja) | 1989-10-30 | 1991-10-28 | Union Carbide Chem & Plast Co Inc | スキンケアに有効なポリマー混合物 |
| JPH03240721A (ja) | 1990-02-20 | 1991-10-28 | Mikimoto Seiyaku Kk | 口腔用組成物 |
| JPH07109224A (ja) | 1993-10-12 | 1995-04-25 | Miyarisan Kk | 反芻家畜の前胃機能障害及び脂肪酸代謝機能障害の治療剤及び治療方法 |
| JPH08231410A (ja) | 1995-02-23 | 1996-09-10 | Takasago Internatl Corp | コクシジウム症軽減剤及びそれを含有する飼料 |
| JPH10226643A (ja) | 1997-02-15 | 1998-08-25 | Taiyo Kagaku Co Ltd | 家畜用予防剤及び治療剤 |
| WO2010053085A1 (ja) | 2008-11-04 | 2010-05-14 | 出光興産株式会社 | 反芻動物のアシドーシス防除剤 |
| WO2010113886A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-07 | 出光興産株式会社 | 家畜の増体促進剤、増体促進飼料および増体促進方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2965440B2 (ja) * | 1993-01-29 | 1999-10-18 | 武田薬品工業株式会社 | 反芻動物用飼料およびそれを用いた飼育方法 |
| JP4680339B2 (ja) * | 1999-11-26 | 2011-05-11 | 日清丸紅飼料株式会社 | コクシジウム症の予防および/または治療用飼料 |
| KR20040102964A (ko) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-08 | 신학수 | 적석지를 함유한 동물용 사료 조성물 |
| CA2689641C (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2015-09-22 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Bloat controlling agent for a ruminant |
| US20090285931A1 (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2009-11-19 | Shelby Nancy J | Feed supplement for animals for reducing methane production |
| AU2009297457A1 (en) | 2008-09-29 | 2010-04-01 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Therapeutic agent for tympanites in ruminant animal |
| NZ593822A (en) | 2008-12-12 | 2013-02-22 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Feed for preventing and/or treating diseases due to clostridium sp. bacteria in livestock, and anti-clostridium agent |
| JP2010238083A (ja) | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-21 | Nec Corp | 画面表示装置、画面表示方法、及び、プログラム |
| WO2010143627A1 (ja) * | 2009-06-08 | 2010-12-16 | 出光興産株式会社 | コクシジウム症防除剤およびそれを含有する飼料 |
| JP5852101B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-18 | 2016-02-03 | 出光興産株式会社 | 液体投与型粒剤 |
-
2011
- 2011-11-30 BR BR112013016346-1A patent/BR112013016346B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2011-11-30 JP JP2012551802A patent/JP5651195B2/ja active Active
- 2011-11-30 BR BR122018076097-4A patent/BR122018076097B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2011-11-30 WO PCT/JP2011/077694 patent/WO2012093533A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2011-11-30 TR TR2018/15353T patent/TR201815353T4/tr unknown
- 2011-11-30 KR KR1020137020623A patent/KR101751097B1/ko active Active
- 2011-11-30 EP EP18186488.5A patent/EP3466437B1/en active Active
- 2011-11-30 CN CN201410531514.XA patent/CN104288196A/zh active Pending
- 2011-11-30 KR KR1020167031393A patent/KR101931009B1/ko active Active
- 2011-11-30 CN CN201410531474.9A patent/CN104288195B/zh active Active
- 2011-11-30 AU AU2011353949A patent/AU2011353949B2/en active Active
- 2011-11-30 KR KR1020177014944A patent/KR101865525B1/ko active Active
- 2011-11-30 BR BR122018076100-8A patent/BR122018076100B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2011-11-30 DK DK18186488.5T patent/DK3466437T3/da active
- 2011-11-30 ES ES18186488T patent/ES2899427T3/es active Active
- 2011-11-30 EP EP21152214.9A patent/EP3848042B1/en active Active
- 2011-11-30 DK DK11855002.9T patent/DK2661969T3/en active
- 2011-11-30 CA CA2823891A patent/CA2823891C/en active Active
- 2011-11-30 EP EP11855002.9A patent/EP2661969B1/en active Active
- 2011-11-30 ES ES11855002.9T patent/ES2687416T3/es active Active
- 2011-11-30 CN CN201180063906.2A patent/CN103313608B/zh active Active
- 2011-11-30 NZ NZ612611A patent/NZ612611A/en unknown
- 2011-11-30 CN CN201410531475.3A patent/CN104382970A/zh active Pending
- 2011-11-30 US US13/978,324 patent/US8697148B2/en active Active
- 2011-11-30 ES ES21152214T patent/ES2943679T3/es active Active
-
2012
- 2012-01-06 AR ARP120100049A patent/AR084802A1/es active IP Right Grant
-
2014
- 2014-02-21 US US14/186,758 patent/US8859015B2/en active Active
- 2014-06-25 US US14/314,904 patent/US9238048B2/en active Active
- 2014-08-06 JP JP2014160625A patent/JP5853067B2/ja active Active
- 2014-08-06 JP JP2014160626A patent/JP5914591B2/ja active Active
-
2015
- 2015-12-08 US US14/962,591 patent/US9694041B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01190630A (ja) | 1988-01-25 | 1989-07-31 | Fujisawa Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 牛の第四胃変位の治療剤 |
| JPH03240716A (ja) | 1989-10-30 | 1991-10-28 | Union Carbide Chem & Plast Co Inc | スキンケアに有効なポリマー混合物 |
| JPH03240721A (ja) | 1990-02-20 | 1991-10-28 | Mikimoto Seiyaku Kk | 口腔用組成物 |
| JPH07109224A (ja) | 1993-10-12 | 1995-04-25 | Miyarisan Kk | 反芻家畜の前胃機能障害及び脂肪酸代謝機能障害の治療剤及び治療方法 |
| JPH08231410A (ja) | 1995-02-23 | 1996-09-10 | Takasago Internatl Corp | コクシジウム症軽減剤及びそれを含有する飼料 |
| JPH10226643A (ja) | 1997-02-15 | 1998-08-25 | Taiyo Kagaku Co Ltd | 家畜用予防剤及び治療剤 |
| WO2010053085A1 (ja) | 2008-11-04 | 2010-05-14 | 出光興産株式会社 | 反芻動物のアシドーシス防除剤 |
| WO2010113886A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-07 | 出光興産株式会社 | 家畜の増体促進剤、増体促進飼料および増体促進方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (10)
| Title |
|---|
| BENCHAAR ET AL., CAN. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, vol. 86, 2006, pages 91 - 96 |
| C. J. VAN NEVEL ET AL., APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, vol. 21, 1971, pages 365 - 366 |
| D. M. AMARAL-PHILLIPS ET AL.: "University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension Service", 1997, ASC, pages: 138 |
| H. MUROI ET AL., BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 12, 2004, pages 583 - 587 |
| J. AGRIC. FOOD CHEM., vol. 49, 2001, pages 2548 - 2551 |
| O. DOCHI, LIVESTOCK TECHNOLOGY, vol. 649, June 2009 (2009-06-01), pages 7 - 12 |
| R. D. GOODRICH ET AL., JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, vol. 58, 1984, pages 1484 - 1498 |
| R. MATTOS ET AL., REVIEWS OF REPRODUCTION, vol. 5, 2000, pages 38 - 45 |
| S. BECKETT ET AL., JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE, vol. 81, no. 6, 1998, pages 1563 - 1573 |
| See also references of EP2661969A4 |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020130001A (ja) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-08-31 | ネオファーマジャパン株式会社 | 泌乳牛の乳におけるタンパク質含量増加剤 |
| US11273136B2 (en) | 2019-02-15 | 2022-03-15 | Neopharma Japan Co. Ltd. | Method for increasing protein content in milk of lactating cows |
| WO2024075706A1 (ja) * | 2022-10-03 | 2024-04-11 | 株式会社エス・ディー・エス バイオテック | 反芻動物のメタン産生抑制剤 |
Also Published As
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5853067B2 (ja) | 反芻動物の周産期病の予防または治療剤 | |
| JPWO2010053085A1 (ja) | 反芻動物のアシドーシス防除剤 | |
| WO2021085584A1 (ja) | 反芻動物のインスリン抵抗性抑制剤 | |
| AU2016204291B2 (en) | Agent for improving milk yield and/or milk quality of ruminants, preventive or therapeutic agent for perinatal disease, and agent for improving reproductive efficiency | |
| AU2015252032B2 (en) | Agent for improving milk yield and/or milk quality of ruminants, preventive or therapeutic agent for perinatal disease, and agent for improving reproductive efficiency |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11855002 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2012551802 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 122018076100 Country of ref document: BR |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13978324 Country of ref document: US |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2823891 Country of ref document: CA |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2011353949 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20111130 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20137020623 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011855002 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01A Ref document number: 112013016346 Country of ref document: BR |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 112013016346 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20130625 |