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WO2012080533A1 - Système de mise au point au sol de collecteurs solaires - Google Patents

Système de mise au point au sol de collecteurs solaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012080533A1
WO2012080533A1 PCT/ES2011/000353 ES2011000353W WO2012080533A1 WO 2012080533 A1 WO2012080533 A1 WO 2012080533A1 ES 2011000353 W ES2011000353 W ES 2011000353W WO 2012080533 A1 WO2012080533 A1 WO 2012080533A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mirror
mirrors
rotation
wheel
photocells
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2011/000353
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
José María MARTÍNEZ-VAL PEÑALOSA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
Original Assignee
Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidad Politecnica de Madrid filed Critical Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
Publication of WO2012080533A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012080533A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/48—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with three or more rotation axes or with multiple degrees of freedom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
    • G01S3/785—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system
    • G01S3/786—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
    • G01S3/7861—Solar tracking systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/87—Reflectors layout
    • F24S2023/876—Reflectors formed by assemblies of adjacent reflective elements having different orientation or different features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/13—Transmissions
    • F24S2030/136—Transmissions for moving several solar collectors by common transmission elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Definitions

  • the invention falls within the field of solar installations that concentrate the original solar radiation on a receiving surface, thanks to the reflection of the radiation in a set of mirrors properly focused on the sun along its daytime trajectory.
  • the invention is applied to parallel longitudinal mirror assemblies, which in turn are parallel to the receiving surface, in which a thermal or photovoltaic application can be located.
  • the Sun can be seen from Earth as a radiation emitting disk, with substantially uniform intensity, and 32 '(sexagesimal minutes) of optical aperture, or angular value of its diameter.
  • This opening corresponds to 1/07 radians, which is an essential fact when dealing with solar radiation. It is also essential to take into account the day's sun trajectory, which in turn changes every day; which is not an obstacle so that this trajectory is well known for each day of the year, and for each geographical location. This often leads to the use of astronomical tables to effect the sun's approach to reflection or refraction devices that work with or measure solar radiation.
  • a device with multiple longitudinal mirrors is used as the geometry of reflection and concentration of light, which rotates around its longitudinal axis when they are to follow the sun to focus the radiation reflected on a receiver that is high above the mirrors.
  • This device has certain limitations in radiation concentration, as is known in the scientific literature on the subject; Although these limitations are not as drastic as previously believed, if appropriate guidelines are used to size the constituent elements of these, as evidenced in the patent applications of this same inventor, ES 2 345 759 A1 and ES 2 346 629 A1, with which the performance of these devices in terms of radiation concentration can be greatly improved. But these inventions lack a method of approach to the sun and corroboration of their accuracy, since they assume that this approach is accurate, which is quite far from reality.
  • the invention consists of a system that uses wheels composed of two concentric parts, which produce the rotation of the mirrors discreetly, in jumps of N sexagesimal minutes, the electric motor that produces the rotation acting only the time necessary to effect the aforementioned rotation .
  • This last action of interruption or stop is materialized because the power supply to said motor is cut abruptly when the rotation of the mirrors reaches the above N minutes, turning all the mirrors the same amount, although they are in offset with each other.
  • This rotation corresponds to a solar movement that is worth 2N sexagesimal minutes, measured in the projection of the solar astronomical trajectory on the work plane of the invention, measuring said solar movement by means of a set of photocells, which activates, by means of a circuit-relay, the electric motor drive after releasing its internal interlocking.
  • the electric motor current is cut off, and this is in the blocking and braking phase, thanks to the fact that the composite motor wheel that is turned by the motor, has a solidarity large minute hand, which rotates on the same axis of the composite wheel; and said minute hand at its end is an electrical contact piece.
  • the minute hand rotates N sexagesimal minutes in solidarity with the driving wheel, when it rotates by motor action; Finding the minute hand after that sudden turn a new groove or valley in the notch, where there is another electrical contact, with which the minute hand closes that specific circuit, which is a relay that cuts the motor supply and at the same time blocks the axes turning, by blocking the electric motor in solidarity with them and its transmission system, based on the composite wheels in solidarity with each axle, driven by a tractor / pusher run rod; the number of minutes N being a value set by design, which is less than 32 sexagesimal minutes of opening of sunlight when it reaches Earth.
  • the invention includes the assembly of the mirrors with the axis of rotation in perfect coincidence with a longitudinal axis perfectly identified on the specular surface itself, this axis usually coinciding with the axis of symmetry of the mirror.
  • the geometric axis of rotation which is a virtual line that goes from support to support, from center of cylinder to center of cylinder inside each bearing of the supports at the ends, coincides just with a line on the specular surface .
  • the invention is composed of:
  • each wheel being composed of two concentric parts, which are assembled by being the periphery of the inner part , and the inner surface of the outer part, carved with the same type of teeth, each tooth comprising an M number of sexagesimal minutes;
  • a large minute hand which rotates in solidarity with the same axis of the motor compound wheel, said minute hand at its end a piece, or pointer, perpendicular to the needle, and provided with an electrical contact, said pointer sliding on the edge groove upper of a fixed board, parallel to the driving wheel, and said notch having teeth, the angular width of each tooth being N sexagesimal minutes, and said upper edge of the board corresponding to a circular arc of radius equal to that of the composite wheel motor at the point where its lateral bust protrudes; and existing in the valleys or recesses of the notch another electrical contact, closing the corresponding circuit when the contact of the pointer contacts the contact of a valley or groove, which cuts the electrical supply of the motor of rotation drive, the axles, the rod and the composite wheels being locked in the position they had at that moment;
  • each axis corresponding to a complete cylindrical in the sections in which it is housed inside the bearing in each pillar-support of the structure; said complete cylinder being lowered to less than half a cylinder, which is called a quasi-semi-cylinder, in the part that is integral with the mirror, the mirror support piece settling on said quasi-semi-cylinder with the prescription that the thickness of the mirror support piece, up to the specular surface itself, is equal to the distance that the quasi-semi-cylinder shaft material has been reduced, from the center of its primitive circular straight section, to the physical face that has remained in the central longitudinal line of the quasi-semi-cylinder.
  • an additional terminal is placed, to have independent redundancy in the order to be generated, which is generated when the minute hand, by the turning action communicated to the mirror, passes from one notch valley to the other.
  • the power supply to the motor that moves to the main mirror, whose wheel is the motor is interrupted.
  • the two terminals in question are: 1) the electrical contact already described; 2) a photonic contact, for carrying the pointer a light emitting diode, and having each valley of the recesses of the upper surface of the board, a photocell that activates its relay circuit when it is illuminated by said diode; producing any of these two types of relay the interruption of the power supply of the rotation actuation motor, and blocking its rotation position.
  • the start and stop of the electric motor in each jump of N sexagesimal minutes can be determined by astronomical tables, but the invention incorporates a system activated directly by the position of the sun, which in turn serves as a guarantee of good focus, said system consisting in the generation of an electrical signal that starts the electric motor, to make a turn of N sexagesimal minutes in the mirrors, in the same direction that the sun rotates, and generating said electrical signal when the light interaction caused ceases in a photocell by the beam reflected from a longitudinal flange adhered in solidarity to a lateral end of the mirror to which the driving wheel is attached, or possibly to any other mirror, or as an extension tab at one end thereof, and which on its face Reflective has a well-marked longitudinal line, which is where the surface of high reflectivity ends, the surface being extense.
  • a transverse splint is located, with at least N + 1 photocells, parallel to the work plane of the installation, the at least N photocells being located a after another along the board, in immediate vicinity between them, all the photocells being electrically independent of each other, and all of them having the same photometric characteristics, providing that the reference signal is separated from the background radiation, since it is located in a position where it receives neither direct solar radiation nor reflected from the mirrors; and the other photocells providing a signal that indicates, by their intensity, whether or not the light reflected from the flange falls on each of them, and each photocell having a length, in the work plane, equivalent to a 2 minute arc sexagesimal
  • the application of the invention has two variants, depending on the field of mirrors being raised or west of the receiver, the application guidelines being given for the Northern Hemisphere, and being symmetrical for the Southern Hemisphere.
  • the field of mirrors is up, with the mirrors still during the passage of solar path of 2N sexagesimal minutes, the sun's rays reflected from the flange are increasingly affecting the photocell cord, just as the sun continues its march towards the west.
  • the sun's rays reflected from the flange are increasingly lowering.
  • the invention works according to the technical guideline that follows: the illumination of the photocells is moving upwards, and according to how the initial calibration of the day has been done, there will be an illuminated photocell by reflection from the tab, which will be the photocell that is below all the illuminated ones, and is the one taken as a reference. It affects, at the beginning of the passage of time, the left end (western end) of the beam reflected from the flange, which will move upwards as the sun advances on its path, within that discretized step, in which Mirrors do not move. That means that the reference photocell is the first to cease to be illuminated, and then ceases to be its neighbor from above, and so on.
  • the step is terminated.
  • the photocell that makes the number N from the reference one, counting this as the 1 runs out of illumination from the tab, and only receives the background radiation
  • the electric motor control circuit is closed, to make that this causes the rotation of the wheels and the mirrors in N sexagesimal minutes, in the direction of advance of the sun. That leads to placing the lighting on the photocell board again at a point that is N photocells lower than they were before the mirror was turned in N sexagesimal minutes; whereby the illumination returns to the reference photocell.
  • the step is repeated over and over again with these characteristics.
  • the invention works according to the same technical pattern, but reversing the direction of the photocell illumination shift within a 2N minute step sexagesimal; and when the displacement has descended N photocells, the control circuit of the electric motor is closed, to make it cause the rotation of N sexagesimal minutes in the mirrors, always in the direction of the sun's advance.
  • the advance of 2N sexagesimal minutes by the sun in the projection of its movement in the work plane does not always mean the same time step, because it depends precisely on the angle formed by the vector of solar radiation with the work plane .
  • This vector can be broken down into two components: one contained in the work plane; and another perpendicular to it, which is parallel to the axes of the mirrors.
  • the longitudinal component does not influence; and the other is the one that governs the solar advance; which has been discretized in advances of 2N sexagesimal minutes, to which correspond turns of the mirrors of N sexagesimal minutes, made suddenly, when ordered by the photocell board.
  • the field of mirrors can be north of the receiver, or south of it; but in the working plane of this assembly, which is perpendicular to the local parallel, the solar path is less simple than in the case of alignment of North-South (meridian) axes, there being also a marked difference from winter to summer, not only quantitative, as is the maximum rise of the sun, which is lower in winter; but of qualitative type.
  • the mirrors that make up a longitudinal set of reflection are arranged in parallel, and laid horizontally in a longitudinal direction, or with little inclination, and their structural axes, which have already been said coincide in their center with the virtual axis of rotation, are supported each a certain distance in the support pillars, which are provided with a bearing settlement that embraces the structural axis.
  • the axle protrudes to set the composite wheel that determines the rotation of the mirror, and which is actuated by the rod set in the successive lugs or protuberances protruding from one of the faces of the successive wheels, at a point on its periphery or edge.
  • the morphology of the wheel that determines the rotation of the mirror allows to adjust the relative inclination of the mirror with respect to the main or driving mirror, within the tolerance marked by the outer and inner notches of the inner and outer parts, or ring, respectively.
  • Each notch tooth will have a certain circumference arc, which can be expressed as M sexagesimal minutes.
  • M the more accurate the alignment of the mirror can be with respect to the main mirror.
  • M N. Note that the outer part of the wheel, or ring, is forced in a certain position by the stud or protuberance in which the stem is assembled.
  • the inner part must be set in the common notch with the ring, and in turn on the physical axis of the mirror, and therefore its inclination can be rotated in modules of M sexagesimal minutes; and this property is used to fix each mirror with a certain inclination with respect to the main or driving mirror, which is adequate for the approach to the sun, by closer to the value given by design, relative to the main or driving mirror. This is done with the entire set of mirrors operated by the same mechanism.
  • a field of mirrors of a given installation can be subdivided into several sets of grouped mirrors, with their own driving mechanism each of these sets.
  • the turning action wheel which acts as the main wheel, is set, and on whose protrusion at the edge of the ring the push-tractor spindle of the turning action is set.
  • two pusher-tractor rods can be used, parallel to each other, and which are set in protrusions at the edge of the ring, in diametrically opposite positions on each wheel
  • the above-mentioned minute hand carries a perpendicular pointer at its end, with flexibility at its base, and resting on the notched outer surface of the upper face of the board.
  • the location, in the longitudinal coordinate, of the photocell board is determined by the reflection of the solar rays from the control flange, which must be sufficiently long, longitudinally, as required by the assembly in question and the latitude of the Instead, it has a lot of influence on the value of the longitudinal component of the solar vector, and the larger the component is, the more the reflected beam travels from the flange to the photocell board, and the longer the flange has to be.
  • the flange length must be at least A / tgG, where tgG means the value of the tangent of angle G.
  • the splint in the assembly according to the meridian it can be in any position where it has, at its south, a flange length of the size specified above, A / tgG, having its north a flange length of A / tgF value, where F is the smallest value of the angle that forms on the horizontal the longitudinal component of the solar radiation vector, when the sun is above the local parallel, either in the early hours after Solar ortho in summer, well in the late hours before sunset.
  • the flange As a variant to the location of the witness flange on one side of the main mirror, or another mirror that is well certified in its inclination with respect to the main, it is possible to locate the flange next to the axis of rotation of a mirror, being in this case the flange a rectangular piece, elongated and narrow, with a reflectivity surface similar to that of the mirrors; following the guidelines already specified above on the displacement of the illumination of the photocells in the various seasonal, hourly, and relative location conditions of the mirror field and the receiver.
  • the invention is carried out through relay circuits, either by driving the motor of rotation of the main or driving wheel of the mirror assembly, or by interrupting said drive.
  • the actuation interruption is carried out when any of the two relay circuits that act through the movement of the minute hand, be that of electrical contact, be it of photonic contact, or both, close the circuit-relay in question; including, in the interruption of the rotation drive, the interlocking of the electric motor in that position, which also locks the mirrors in the inclination they have when the interruption occurs.
  • the drive of the main wheel's rotation motor starts when the illumination on the photocell board, coming from the end of the control flange, travels, in ascending or descending direction, a length equivalent to an arc of 2N sexagesimal minutes in the work plane. While that mark of the end of the illumination does not cover said arc, the set of mirrors remains fixed, since it is muzzled by the electric motor system itself. To measure the displacement of the illumination on the photocells, the extreme mark of the light reflected from the flange is always used on the side chosen in the design,
  • Figure 1 shows the scheme of a solar energy collection system with two sets of longitudinal mirrors, concentrating solar radiation on two receivers, this representation being the one corresponding to the work plane in which the invention operates.
  • Figure 2 shows the straight section of a generic mirror.
  • Figure 3 shows the straight section of a mirror with the control tab on one side end.
  • Figure 4 shows the plan scheme of a set of mirrors, including the driving elements.
  • Figure 5 shows the wheel, composed of two concentric, rotating drive of each mirror, and the driving rod.
  • two parallel stems can be mounted set in protuberances at the edge of the ring, in diametrically opposite positions.
  • Figure 6 shows a variant of the wheel, with two parallel stems, which does not need the internal notch along the entire circumference.
  • Figure 7 shows the mirror test board.
  • Figure 8 shows the scheme of reflection of the solar rays in an assembly according to the meridian, for the two cases to be considered, with the field of mirrors on the receiver (right); and to the west (left part).
  • Figure 9 shows the evolution of the solar radiation vector in the assemblies according to the parallel, with the field to the south (left in the image) or north (right) of the respective receiver, and differentiating between winter and summer.
  • Figure 10 shows the scheme of interaction, with the photocells of the tablet, of the light reflected by the eyelash testimony tab.
  • FIG. 1 shows two receivers placed symmetrically, in a double or dual assembly.
  • Work plane ordinate axis for a given mirror field is the vertical axis that passes through the central point (3) of the active face (2) of the receiver (1).
  • Abscissa axis of the work plane which is the horizontal line that passes through the central point of the mirror closest to the receiver (1), and is therefore perpendicular to the ordinate axis (10).
  • Each reflected beam is according to the fundamental law that the normal at the point of incidence of radiation is the bisector of the angle formed by the incident and reflected rays.
  • Virtual geometric axis of rotation of the mirror which coincides with a longitudinal line of the reflecting surface.
  • Shaft for securing the structure of the mirror, and torsion arm, being a quasi-semi-cylinder integral with the complete cylindrical shaft (24).
  • Two, assembled by diametrically opposed protuberances (27), can be placed on the side of the wheel rim.
  • Wheel of axle 81 of the driving mirror which engages with the pinion of attack (30) of the electric motor (31) of rotation drive.
  • Electric motor for driving the rotation of the set of mirrors operated by the rod 26.
  • the motor incorporates the interlocking of its axis when the power supply ceases.
  • the inner part of the wheel can be rotated in multiples of the arc of width of the teeth of the notch 34, of M sexagesimal minutes, since the ring 33 has its position fixed by the rod 26.
  • Photocell that receives general diffused light, but not reflected by any mirror
  • Testimony tab when located at one end of an axis 24.
  • Composite wheel functionally equal to 25, but does not need notching along the entire circle.
  • the embodiment of the invention is based on assembling the longitudinal mirrors (7) and their structure on the support and rotation axis, which is complete cylindrical (24) in the parts inserted in the support bearings, and is quasi-semi-silindro (21) in the part that supports the mirror; for which various high reflectivity materials can be used, such as silver deposited on the back of a glass cover, or an aluminum foil protected by another layer of transparent material that protects the previous one.
  • the shape of the mirror (7), in particular its straight section, must be the one prescribed in the corresponding application, and what is substantial is that the mirror is integrated into its structure, and especially with its axis of rotation and support (21), in the manner prescribed by this invention, the condition being that the geometric axis of rotation (20) is substantial, which as such is a virtual line that goes from the center of the bearing of a support to the center of the bearing of the other support, coincides with a longitudinal line on the surface (19) of the mirror.
  • the physical axis of rotation is an essential matter, and it can be made of steel or other construction material of notorious resistance, and it can be manufactured with successive pieces, welded or embedded, distinguishing two parts: 1) which is the one that sits on the bearings of lift on the ground supports, which are parts whose periphery is a complete cylinder (24); and 2) the part that is assembled with the rest of the mirror structure, and that is quasi-half-cylinder (21), slightly lowered so that the mirror sits well in the central area, with the curvature to be given , as seen in figure 2.
  • Another essential issue is to add the testimony tab (23 or 78) to the matrix mirror, or to a supportive one to that in its turn, fulfilling that the normal one to the tab has a known and maintained value with respect to the normal one to the mirror at its midpoint , within the tolerance marked by the M sexagesimal minutes of width of the teeth of the notch (34) of the outer face of the inner part (32) of the wheel (25), said notch (34) coinciding with that of the inner face of the outer part (33) of the wheel (25); as can be seen in figure 5.
  • the location of the flange and the mirror in which it adheres is an essential condition for fixing the clamp (72) of photocells (70), with the said prescriptions in the "Description of the invention", including the location of the photocell (71) that only receives diffuse background radiation, but not directly from the sun, nor directly reflected.
  • the board can be fixed to one of the high pillars (8) that support the receiver or receivers (1), with inclination such that it is perpendicular to the line that runs from the center of the splint to the center of the flange, when the sun is at noon, a chosen day, preferably early summer.
  • Figure 10 represents the scheme of the idea, although it is not to scale, since the entire set of prescriptions given on the photocells or on the relative position of the control flange cannot be captured. However, the figure helps to understand the principle applied; because while the mirror and the flange are still, the sun advances from ray 73 to 75, and that makes the reflected one go from 74 to 76, which is what produces the displacement of the light signal on the photocells. This displacement depends on the assembly followed in the installation for its shafts, and on the relative location of the receiver and the field of mirrors.
  • Figure 8 shows the two cases (up, right; west, left) of assembly according to the meridian. In the 9 the assembly according to the parallel is exposed, evidencing, both for fields to the north and fields to the south, and for both summer and winter, the details made in the Description of the Invention.
  • the length of the photocells along their straight section in the work plane is determined to be a rotation of a given number of sexagesimal minutes, typically 2, from the center of the test tab (23; 78).
  • the photocells (70, 71) generate a very low electrical power, but sufficient to discriminate a situation of full illumination, compared to another in which the reflected radiation has been lost, and only the background remains.
  • the electrical circuits that are deactivated when running out of lighting from the tab are counted electronically, and when the displacement that entails (52; 59) reaches 2N sexagesimal minutes, the order to activate the motor unlocking is generated in a relay ( 31) and its turn.
  • the engine must not meet any special requirements, either for power or torque.
  • Its attack pinion (30) will be of a much smaller number of teeth than the gear (29) integral with the shaft (24) of the driving mirror (79).
  • Both the board (28) with its notch, and the turning wheels (25) of the mirrors (7) can be made of different material, not necessarily metallic, but lighter and less expensive, such as methacrylate.
  • the toughest must be the protrusions or lugs (27) that emerge to one side of the edge of each wheel (25), as well as the rod (26) or pair of rods that serve to push or pull the wheels in question.
  • the wheels composed as the elements identified by 85, which are functionally identical to the composite wheels 25, but possibly lighter and Cheap
  • the notch is limited to two arcs of said circumference, and once assembled its inner and outer parts, both are fixed with plates (87), well welded, well screwed, as seen in Figure 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système qui régule la poursuite solaire d'un champ de miroirs longitudinaux tournant sur leur axe, qui sont alignés sur les lignes longitudinales centrales de chaque surface spéculaire, les axes étant actionnés par des roues composées de deux parties concentriques assemblées au moyen d'une encoche commune, et actionnées par au moins une bielle dont les orifices se logent dans les tétons qui dépassent de la périphérie d'une face latérale des roues, l'ensemble se déplaçant sous l'effet d'un moteur électrique qui se met en marche lorsqu'il reçoit un signal d'arrêt consécutif de N cellules photo-électriques et que la rotation s'arrête, le système restant alors bloqué, jusqu'à ce que la minuterie sexagésimale indique, par sa rotation sur un arc circulaire fixe, que l'ensemble de miroirs a tourné pendant les minutes qui avaient été fixées.
PCT/ES2011/000353 2010-12-15 2011-12-14 Système de mise au point au sol de collecteurs solaires Ceased WO2012080533A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US4211922A (en) * 1978-11-01 1980-07-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Heliostat guidance
US4243018A (en) * 1978-06-19 1981-01-06 Kawneer Company, Inc. Solar energy concentrator
ES8104535A1 (es) * 1979-07-20 1981-04-16 Mantinger Karl Perfeccionamientos en colectores solares planos por concen- tracion
US4730602A (en) * 1982-06-16 1988-03-15 Mario Posnansky Apparatus for automatically directing solar radiation focused by a reflector
FR2608742A1 (fr) * 1986-12-19 1988-06-24 Sevelinge Gerard Systeme de controle pour le suivi du soleil et le positionnement des heliostats d'un capteur solaire a concentration lineaire a lames mobiles
US5542409A (en) * 1995-01-06 1996-08-06 Sampayo; Eduardo A. Solar concentrator system
DE29812174U1 (de) * 1998-07-08 1998-10-22 Freimund, Wolfgang, 22179 Hamburg Thermischer Sonnenspiegelkollektor
KR20030086568A (ko) * 2003-10-29 2003-11-10 박종근 태양 추적장치의 제어회로
US20080128017A1 (en) * 2004-06-24 2008-06-05 Heliodynamics Limited Solar Energy Collection Systems
WO2009052910A1 (fr) * 2007-10-25 2009-04-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Centrale hélioélectrique
ES2345427A1 (es) * 2010-05-19 2010-09-22 Universidad Politecnica De Madrid Dispositivo de concentracion de la radiacion solar, con espejos y receptor longitudinales.

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2511740A1 (de) * 1975-03-18 1976-09-30 Ulrich Ing Grad Radons Reflektorsystem zur gewinnung von sonnenenergie
US4243018A (en) * 1978-06-19 1981-01-06 Kawneer Company, Inc. Solar energy concentrator
US4211922A (en) * 1978-11-01 1980-07-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Heliostat guidance
ES8104535A1 (es) * 1979-07-20 1981-04-16 Mantinger Karl Perfeccionamientos en colectores solares planos por concen- tracion
US4730602A (en) * 1982-06-16 1988-03-15 Mario Posnansky Apparatus for automatically directing solar radiation focused by a reflector
FR2608742A1 (fr) * 1986-12-19 1988-06-24 Sevelinge Gerard Systeme de controle pour le suivi du soleil et le positionnement des heliostats d'un capteur solaire a concentration lineaire a lames mobiles
US5542409A (en) * 1995-01-06 1996-08-06 Sampayo; Eduardo A. Solar concentrator system
DE29812174U1 (de) * 1998-07-08 1998-10-22 Freimund, Wolfgang, 22179 Hamburg Thermischer Sonnenspiegelkollektor
KR20030086568A (ko) * 2003-10-29 2003-11-10 박종근 태양 추적장치의 제어회로
US20080128017A1 (en) * 2004-06-24 2008-06-05 Heliodynamics Limited Solar Energy Collection Systems
WO2009052910A1 (fr) * 2007-10-25 2009-04-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Centrale hélioélectrique
ES2345427A1 (es) * 2010-05-19 2010-09-22 Universidad Politecnica De Madrid Dispositivo de concentracion de la radiacion solar, con espejos y receptor longitudinales.

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ES2356221B2 (es) 2011-07-22

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