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WO2012073550A1 - Matériau actif d'électrode positive pour une batterie au lithium-ion, électrode positive pour une batterie au lithium-ion, et batterie au lithium-ion - Google Patents

Matériau actif d'électrode positive pour une batterie au lithium-ion, électrode positive pour une batterie au lithium-ion, et batterie au lithium-ion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012073550A1
WO2012073550A1 PCT/JP2011/066725 JP2011066725W WO2012073550A1 WO 2012073550 A1 WO2012073550 A1 WO 2012073550A1 JP 2011066725 W JP2011066725 W JP 2011066725W WO 2012073550 A1 WO2012073550 A1 WO 2012073550A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positive electrode
ion battery
lithium
lithium ion
active material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2011/066725
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
小林　俊介
梶谷　芳男
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JX Nippon Mining and Metals Corp
Original Assignee
JX Nippon Mining and Metals Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by JX Nippon Mining and Metals Corp filed Critical JX Nippon Mining and Metals Corp
Priority to JP2012546713A priority Critical patent/JP5805104B2/ja
Publication of WO2012073550A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012073550A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery, a positive electrode for a lithium ion battery, and a lithium ion battery.
  • Lithium-containing transition metal oxides are generally used as positive electrode active materials for lithium ion batteries. Specifically, lithium cobaltate (LiCoO 2 ), lithium nickelate (LiNiO 2 ), lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 ), etc., improved characteristics (higher capacity, cycle characteristics, storage characteristics, reduced internal resistance) In order to improve the rate characteristics and safety, it is underway to combine them. Lithium ion batteries for large-scale applications such as in-vehicle use and load leveling are required to have different characteristics from those of conventional mobile phones and personal computers.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses: Li x Ni 1- y My O 2- ⁇ (0.8 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.3, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.5, and M is Co, Mn, Fe, Cr, V, Ti, Cu, Al, Ga, Bi, Sn, Zn, Mg, It represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ge, Nb, Ta, Be, B, Ca, Sc and Zr, ⁇ corresponds to oxygen deficiency or oxygen excess, ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ ⁇ 0.1
  • a method for producing a positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery characterized in that small substances are blended at a weight ratio of 0: 100 to 100: 0. And according to this, it is described that the positive electrode material for lithium secondary batteries with various balance of rate characteristics and capacity can be easily manufactured.
  • Patent Document 1 Although the lithium nickel composite oxide described in Patent Document 1 has an excessive amount of oxygen in its composition formula, there is still room for improvement as a high-quality positive electrode active material for lithium ion batteries.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery having good battery characteristics.
  • the present inventors have found that there is a close correlation between the amount of oxygen of the positive electrode active material and the battery characteristics. That is, it has been found that particularly good battery characteristics can be obtained when the amount of oxygen in the positive electrode active material is greater than or equal to a certain value. In addition, it has been found that better battery characteristics can be obtained by controlling the particle size distribution and angle of repose of the powder in a positive electrode active material having an oxygen amount of a certain value or more.
  • Composition formula Li x Ni 1- y My O 2 + ⁇
  • M is selected from Co as an essential component and Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Al, Bi, Sn, Mg, Ca, B, and Zr.
  • the positive electrode active material for lithium ion batteries has a median diameter of 1 to 20 ⁇ m and a repose angle of 80 ° or less.
  • the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery according to the present invention has an angle of repose of 30 to 80 °.
  • the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery according to the present invention has an angle of repose of 50 to 80 °.
  • the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery according to the present invention has a median diameter of 5 to 17 ⁇ m.
  • the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery according to the present invention is at least one selected from M and Mn.
  • the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery according to the present invention has ⁇ > 0.15 in the composition formula.
  • the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery according to the present invention has ⁇ > 0.20 in the composition formula.
  • the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery according to the present invention has a specific surface area of 0.2 to 1.0 cm 2 / g.
  • the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery according to the present invention has a specific surface area of 0.3 to 0.7 cm 2 / g.
  • the present invention is a positive electrode for a lithium ion battery using the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery according to the present invention.
  • the present invention is a lithium ion battery using the positive electrode for a lithium ion battery according to the present invention.
  • a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery having good battery characteristics can be provided.
  • lithium cobaltate LiCoO 2
  • lithium-containing transition metal oxides such as lithium nickelate (LiNiO 2 ) and lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 ).
  • the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery of the present invention produced using such a material is Composition formula: Li x Ni 1- y My O 2 + ⁇
  • M is selected from Co as an essential component and Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Al, Bi, Sn, Mg, Ca, B, and Zr.
  • M is selected from Co as an essential component and Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Al, Bi, Sn, Mg, Ca, B, and Zr.
  • the ratio of lithium to all metals in the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery is 0.9 to 1.2. When the ratio is less than 0.9, it is difficult to maintain a stable crystal structure. This is because the high capacity cannot be secured.
  • oxygen is expressed as O 2 + ⁇ ( ⁇ > 0.05) as described above in the composition formula, and is excessively contained. Battery characteristics such as capacity, rate characteristics and capacity retention ratio are improved. Moreover, since oxygen is contained excessively, firing in the manufacturing process can be sufficiently performed, so that the particle shape and size are uniformed, and as a result, the particle size distribution and angle of repose described later are well controlled. be able to.
  • ⁇ is preferably ⁇ > 0.15, and more preferably ⁇ > 0.20.
  • the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery of the present invention is composed of primary particles, secondary particles formed by aggregation of primary particles, or a mixture of primary particles and secondary particles.
  • the median diameter (median value of the average particle diameter) of the particle size distribution of these primary particles, secondary particles formed by aggregation of the primary particles, or a mixture of primary particles and secondary particles is 1 to 20 ⁇ m. If the median diameter is 1 to 20 ⁇ m, it becomes a powder in which variation is suppressed, it is possible to uniformly apply the active material during the production of an electrode of a lithium ion battery, and furthermore, variation in electrode composition can be suppressed. For this reason, when it uses for a lithium ion battery, a rate characteristic and cycling characteristics become favorable.
  • the median diameter is preferably 5 to 17 ⁇ m.
  • the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery of the present invention has an angle of repose of 80 ° or less.
  • the angle of repose is an inclination angle formed between a horizontal plane and a conical deposited layer produced by gently dropping powder from above.
  • the angle of repose is an index representing the adhesive force between the powder particles, and the smaller the angle of repose angle, the weaker the cohesiveness and the better the fluidity, that is, it can be said that the repose angle has a property that is difficult to cling.
  • the angle of repose is typically 15 to 80 °, preferably 30 to 80 °, and more preferably 50 to 80 °.
  • the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery of the present invention has a specific surface area of 0.2 to 1.0 cm 2 / g.
  • the specific surface area is preferably 0.3 to 0.7 cm 2 / g.
  • the positive electrode for a lithium ion battery includes, for example, a positive electrode mixture prepared by mixing a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery having the above-described configuration, a conductive additive, and a binder from an aluminum foil or the like.
  • the current collector has a structure provided on one side or both sides.
  • the lithium ion battery which concerns on embodiment of this invention is equipped with the positive electrode for lithium ion batteries of such a structure.
  • a metal salt solution is prepared.
  • the metal is at least one selected from Ni and Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Al, Bi, Sn, Mg, Ca, B, and Zr. It is.
  • the metal salt is sulfate, chloride, nitrate, acetate, etc., and nitrate is particularly preferable.
  • each metal contained in the metal salt is adjusted so as to have a desired molar ratio. Thereby, the molar ratio of each metal in the positive electrode active material is determined.
  • lithium carbonate is suspended in pure water, and then the metal salt solution of the metal is added to prepare a metal carbonate solution slurry. At this time, fine particles of lithium-containing carbonate precipitate in the slurry. If the lithium compound does not react during heat treatment such as sulfate or chloride as a metal salt, it is washed with a saturated lithium carbonate solution and then filtered off. When the lithium compound reacts as a lithium raw material during the heat treatment, such as nitrate or acetate, it can be used as a calcined precursor by washing and drying as it is without washing. Next, the lithium-containing carbonate separated by filtration is dried to obtain a lithium salt composite (precursor for lithium ion battery positive electrode material) powder.
  • a lithium salt composite precursor for lithium ion battery positive electrode material
  • the precursor powder for a lithium ion battery positive electrode material obtained by drying is classified using a sieve or a commercially available classifier or the like to obtain only powder having a particle size of 1 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • a firing container having a capacity of a predetermined size is prepared, and the powder of the precursor for a lithium ion battery positive electrode material having a particle diameter of 1 to 30 ⁇ m is filled in the firing container.
  • the firing container filled with the precursor powder for the lithium ion battery positive electrode material is transferred to a firing furnace and fired. Firing is performed by heating and holding in an oxygen atmosphere for a predetermined time. Further, it is preferable to perform baking under a pressure of 101 to 202 KPa because the amount of oxygen in the composition further increases.
  • the powder is taken out from the firing container and pulverized using a commercially available pulverizer or the like to obtain a positive electrode active material powder. The crushing at this time is performed by appropriately adjusting the crushing strength and crushing time so that a desired median diameter and angle of repose can be obtained.
  • Examples 1 to 15 First, after suspending lithium carbonate of the input amount shown in Table 1 in 3.2 liters of pure water, 4.8 liter of metal salt solution was charged. Here, the nitrate hydrate of each metal was adjusted so that each metal might become the composition ratio of Table 1, and the total metal mole number might be set to 14 mol.
  • the suspended amount of lithium carbonate was such that the product (lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode material, ie, positive electrode active material) was Li x Ni 1- y My O 2 + ⁇ and x was a value shown in Table 1. Are respectively calculated by the following equations.
  • W (g) 73.9 ⁇ 14 ⁇ (1 + 0.5X) ⁇ A
  • “A” is a numerical value to be multiplied in order to subtract the amount of lithium from the lithium compound other than lithium carbonate remaining in the raw material after filtration from the amount of suspension in addition to the amount necessary for the precipitation reaction. is there.
  • “A” is 0.9 when lithium salt reacts as a firing raw material such as nitrate or acetate, and “1” when lithium salt does not react as a firing raw material such as sulfate or chloride. 0.
  • fine particles of lithium-containing carbonate were precipitated in the solution, and this precipitate was filtered off using a filter press.
  • the precipitate was dried to obtain a lithium-containing carbonate (a precursor for a lithium ion battery positive electrode material).
  • the lithium carbonate obtained by drying was sieved and classified into particles having a particle size of 1 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • a firing container was prepared, and this firing container was filled with a lithium-containing carbonate.
  • the firing container was placed in an oxygen atmosphere furnace under atmospheric pressure, heated and held at the firing temperature shown in Table 1 for 10 hours, and then cooled to obtain an oxide.
  • the obtained oxide was pulverized to a median particle size of 1 to 20 ⁇ m using a small pulverizer (Hosokawa Micron ACM-2EC) to obtain a powder of a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode material.
  • Example 16 Example 16 was carried out except that each raw material had a composition as shown in Table 1, the metal salt was chloride, lithium-containing carbonate was precipitated, washed with a saturated lithium carbonate solution, and filtered. The same treatment as in Examples 1 to 15 was performed.
  • Example 17 Example 17 was carried out except that each material of the raw material had the composition shown in Table 1, the metal salt was sulfate, the lithium-containing carbonate was precipitated, washed with a saturated lithium carbonate solution, and filtered. The same treatment as in Examples 1 to 15 was performed.
  • Example 18 As Example 18, the same processing as in Examples 1 to 15 was performed, except that each metal of the raw material had a composition as shown in Table 1 and calcination was performed not under atmospheric pressure but under a pressure of 120 KPa.
  • Comparative Examples 1 to 3 each metal of the raw material has a composition as shown in Table 1, classification is not performed after drying the precursor, and the final oxide is crushed so that the median diameter is 1 ⁇ m or less or 20 ⁇ m or more. The same processing as in Examples 1 to 15 was performed, except that the above processing was performed.
  • Comparative Examples 4 to 7 As Comparative Examples 4 to 7, the same processing as in Comparative Example 1 was performed, except that each metal of the raw material had the composition shown in Table 1 and the firing process was performed in an air atmosphere furnace instead of an oxygen atmosphere furnace.
  • Each positive electrode material, conductive material, and binder are weighed in a ratio of 85: 8: 7, and the positive electrode material and the conductive material are mixed into a slurry in which the binder is dissolved in an organic solvent (N-methylpyrrolidone). And coated on an Al foil, dried and pressed to obtain a positive electrode. Subsequently, a 2032 type coin cell for evaluation with Li as the counter electrode was prepared, and 1M-LiPF 6 dissolved in EC-DMC (1: 1) was used as the electrolyte, and the current density was 0.2C. The discharge capacity was measured.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau actif d'électrode positive pour des batteries au lithium-ion qui possède d'excellentes caractéristiques de batterie. Le matériau actif d'électrode positive pour des batteries au lithium-ion est représenté par la formule de composition LixNi1-yMyO2+α (dans la formule, M est Co (en tant que composant essentiel) et un ou plusieurs éléments choisis parmi Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Al, Bi, Sn, Mg, Ca, B et Zr, avec 0,9 ≤ x ≤ 1,2, 0 < y ≤ 0,7 et α > 0,05), et possède un diamètre médian de la distribution de dimensions de particules de 1-20 µm et un angle de repos de 80° ou moins.
PCT/JP2011/066725 2010-12-03 2011-07-22 Matériau actif d'électrode positive pour une batterie au lithium-ion, électrode positive pour une batterie au lithium-ion, et batterie au lithium-ion Ceased WO2012073550A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012546713A JP5805104B2 (ja) 2010-12-03 2011-07-22 リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質、リチウムイオン電池用正極、及び、リチウムイオン電池

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2010-270584 2010-12-03
JP2010270584 2010-12-03

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WO2012073550A1 true WO2012073550A1 (fr) 2012-06-07

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JP (1) JP5805104B2 (fr)
TW (1) TWI459619B (fr)
WO (1) WO2012073550A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019220353A (ja) * 2018-06-20 2019-12-26 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 全固体リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質、全固体リチウムイオン電池用正極、全固体リチウムイオン電池及び全固体リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質の製造方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP6804625B1 (ja) * 2019-12-17 2020-12-23 住友化学株式会社 リチウム金属複合酸化物粉末、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池

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JP2006127955A (ja) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-18 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd 非水系二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法
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WO2009099158A1 (fr) * 2008-02-06 2009-08-13 Agc Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd. Procédé pour produire une poudre granulaire pour un matériau actif d'électrode positive de batterie secondaire lithium-ion
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JP4260302B2 (ja) * 1999-09-07 2009-04-30 日本化学工業株式会社 凝集粒状リチウム複合酸化物、その製造方法及びリチウム二次電池
JP4534559B2 (ja) * 2004-04-07 2010-09-01 新神戸電機株式会社 リチウム二次電池及びリチウム二次電池用正極材
CN101764222B (zh) * 2009-12-22 2011-11-09 深圳市振华新材料股份有限公司 高锰多晶正极材料及其制备方法、动力锂离子电池

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JP2006054159A (ja) * 2004-07-15 2006-02-23 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd 非水系二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法
JP2006127955A (ja) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-18 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd 非水系二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法
JP2007257890A (ja) * 2006-03-20 2007-10-04 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 非水電解質リチウムイオン電池用正極材料およびこれを用いた電池
JP2008166269A (ja) * 2006-12-06 2008-07-17 Toda Kogyo Corp 非水電解質二次電池用Ｌｉ−Ｎｉ複合酸化物粒子粉末及びその製造方法、並びに非水電解質二次電池
WO2009099158A1 (fr) * 2008-02-06 2009-08-13 Agc Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd. Procédé pour produire une poudre granulaire pour un matériau actif d'électrode positive de batterie secondaire lithium-ion
JP2010192200A (ja) * 2009-02-17 2010-09-02 Sony Corp 非水電解質二次電池

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019220353A (ja) * 2018-06-20 2019-12-26 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 全固体リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質、全固体リチウムイオン電池用正極、全固体リチウムイオン電池及び全固体リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質の製造方法

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TW201225393A (en) 2012-06-16
JPWO2012073550A1 (ja) 2014-05-19
JP5805104B2 (ja) 2015-11-04
TWI459619B (zh) 2014-11-01

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