WO2012071955A1 - 泵送油缸行程监测装置及方法和缓冲孔的优化布置方法 - Google Patents
泵送油缸行程监测装置及方法和缓冲孔的优化布置方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012071955A1 WO2012071955A1 PCT/CN2011/080924 CN2011080924W WO2012071955A1 WO 2012071955 A1 WO2012071955 A1 WO 2012071955A1 CN 2011080924 W CN2011080924 W CN 2011080924W WO 2012071955 A1 WO2012071955 A1 WO 2012071955A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pumping
- piston rod
- stroke
- pressure roller
- pumping cylinder
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/12—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by varying the length of stroke of the working members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2201/00—Pump parameters
- F04B2201/02—Piston parameters
- F04B2201/0201—Position of the piston
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of construction machinery, and in particular, to a pumping oil rainbow stroke monitoring device and method, and a method for arranging a buffer hole.
- a mixed soil pumping oil rainbow has two pistons, one piston in the oil rainbow and the other piston in the hybrid earth cylinder, and the two pistons are connected by a piston rod. As shown in Fig.
- the Chinese Patent Application No. 200610155055.5 proposes a method for measuring the red stroke of a pump, which uses a wire-type displacement sensor and a fixed pulley device to measure the stroke of the cylinder.
- this method does not take into account that the piston rod of the pumping cylinder is accompanied by rotation while being translated. In the actual working condition, once the piston 4 is dry, the test is invalid. At present, it is difficult to measure the stroke of the concrete pumping oil rainbow by the above method 4, so it is difficult to judge The concrete pumping efficiency caused by the stroke deviation makes it impossible to obtain the optimal design position of the buffer holes at both ends of the cylinder.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a pumping cylinder stroke monitoring device and method and a buffer hole arrangement method, which can solve the problem that the existing pumping cylinder stroke monitoring device is difficult to accurately measure the stroke of the pumping cylinder and obtain buffering.
- the optimal position of the hole According to an aspect of the present invention, a pumping cylinder stroke monitoring device is provided, comprising: a pressure roller that is pressed against a piston rod, and the pressure roller has a structure that rolls in an axial direction of the piston rod; a wire that can measure the length change , connected to the pressure roller.
- the pumping cylinder stroke monitoring device further comprises: a pull-wire displacement sensor connected to the cable.
- the pressure roller is a rubber wheel.
- the pressure roller comprises: a rotating shaft of the parallel piston rod, a roller portion rolling on the piston rod and a winding portion connected to the roller portion, the rotating shaft is connected with the roller portion, the pulling wire is wound around the winding portion, the roller portion and the winding portion
- the diameters are the same and are coaxial and set to 4.
- the pressure wheel comprises: a rotating shaft parallel to the piston rod and a roller portion rolling on the piston rod, wherein the roller portion is provided with a winding groove, and the pulling wire is wound around the winding groove.
- the pumping oil rainbow stroke monitoring device further comprises: a mounting bracket disposed on the water tank, wherein the pull wire displacement sensor is disposed on the mounting bracket. Further, the rotating shaft of the pressure roller is connected to the mounting bracket.
- the mounting bracket is provided with elastic means for pressing the pressure roller against the piston rod.
- the elastic device comprises: a connecting rod slidably disposed on the mounting bracket, the connecting rod connecting the rotating shaft of the pressing wheel and the mounting bracket; and a compression spring disposed between the mounting bracket and the connecting rod.
- the mounting frame includes an upper beam and a lower beam, the wire-type displacement sensor is disposed on the upper beam, and the elastic device is disposed on the lower beam, and the rotating shaft of the pressure roller is parallel to the axial direction of the piston rod, and the winding direction of the wire and the pressure roller are The shaft is vertical.
- the invention also provides a pumping cylinder stroke monitoring method, which uses the aforementioned pumping cylinder stroke monitoring device to press the pressure roller against the piston rod and roll the pressure roller along the axial direction of the piston rod to measure the change of the length of the cable , wherein the pumping oil stroke is equal to the length change of the cable.
- the invention also provides an optimized arrangement method of the buffer hole of the pumping cylinder, comprising: presetting two buffer holes on the oil cylinder, and obtaining the pumping cylinder stroke according to the aforementioned pumping cylinder stroke monitoring method; The reversing signal of the oil supply rainbow; the pumping pump stroke and the pumping oil rainbow commutation signal, the buffer distance of the pumping cylinder is obtained; according to the buffer distance, the position of the buffer hole is performed on the pumping oil rainbow optimization. Further, “optimizing the position of the buffer hole on the pumping oil rainbow according to the buffer distance" includes:
- J is the design stroke of the pumping cylinder; Z, : ⁇ respectively It is the distance between the buffer hole and the nearest cylinder end face. The distance between the two buffer holes is Jzy. According to the buffering distance of the pumping cylinder under different working conditions and the maximum suction and pushing efficiency, the buffer of the pumping cylinder is determined. Hole position. Since the pressure of the pressure roller 4 is on the piston 4 and the pressure roller rolls along the axial direction of the piston 4, in the operation of pumping the oil rainbow, the rolling distance of the pressure roller along the piston rod is measured.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a conventional connection structure of a pumping oil rainbow
- FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a front view of a pumping cylinder stroke monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a water tank;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the elastic mounting of the pumping cylinder stroke monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pumping oil rainbow having a buffer hole according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
- Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the stroke and exchange of the pump cylinder which are synchronously measured. A graph of signal versus time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
- the pumping cylinder stroke monitoring device includes: a pressure roller 50 that is pressed against the piston rod 40, and the pressure roller 50 has a structure that rolls in the axial direction of the piston rod 40; A measurable pull wire 90 is coupled to the pressure roller 50.
- the pressure roller 50 is pressed against the piston rod 40, and the pressure roller 50 has a structure that can roll in the axial direction of the piston rod 40, that is, the rolling direction of the pressure roller 50 coincides with the axial direction of the piston rod 40, and the pressure roller 50
- the shaft is perpendicular to the axial direction of the piston rod 40.
- the pull wire 90 can be a graduated mark or a ruler or a rope, such as a metal wire or a rope or wire that is not stretched, or without a scale.
- the pull wire 90 should be freely retractable, and the tension of the wire should be ensured at the same time as the retracting, for example, by a reel, a reel or a wire-type displacement sensor.
- the pull wire 90 is coupled to the pressure roller 50, for example, the wire 90 is wound around the circumference of the pressure roller 50.
- the distance that the wire 90 moves is the distance that the pressure roller 50 rolls axially relative to the piston rod 40.
- the distance that the piston rod 40 rolls axially Since the pressure roller 50 is pressed against the piston rod 40, and the pressure roller 50 rolls in the axial direction of the piston rod 40, the rolling distance of the pressure roller 50 along the piston rod 40 is measured by the pumping oil rainbow.
- the axial movement of the piston 40 can be accurately measured.
- one end of the pull wire 90 can be placed on a bracket, or the end can be held by hand.
- the pressure roller 50 does not rotate radially with respect to the piston rod 40, so whether or not the piston rod 40 has a diameter The rotation does not affect the measurement of the axial movement distance of the piston rod 40. Therefore, the present invention overcomes the problem that the existing pumping cylinder stroke monitoring device is difficult to accurately measure the stroke of the pumping cylinder, thereby achieving the structure. Simple, cost ⁇ ⁇ , wide range of effects.
- the pumping cylinder stroke monitoring device further comprises: a wire-type displacement sensor 60 connected to the wire 90.
- the pumping oil rainbow stroke monitoring device further includes: a mounting bracket 70 disposed in the water tank 30 (not shown in the figure, which is not shown, and the specific position thereof may refer to the water tank 30 in FIG.
- the pull-line displacement sensor 60 is disposed on the mounting bracket 70.
- the mounting bracket 70 does not vibrate with respect to the water tank 30, so that the wire type displacement sensor 60 can perform measurement stably and accurately.
- the mounting bracket 70 is provided with a resilient means 80 for pressing the pressure roller 50 on the piston rod 40.
- the pressure roller 50 can be pressed against the piston rod 40, so that the pressure roller 50 does not disengage from the piston rod 40, so that the rotation distance of the pressure roller 50 coincides with the movement distance of the piston rod 40, and the measurement result is more accurate.
- the elastic device 80 includes: a connecting rod 81 slidably disposed on the mounting bracket 70, the connecting rod 81 is connected to the rotating shaft of the pressing wheel 50 and the mounting bracket 70; and is disposed on the mounting bracket 70 and the connecting rod A compression spring 83 between 81.
- the mounting bracket 70 includes an upper beam 71 and a lower beam 73, and the upper beam 71 and the lower beam 73 may be disposed in parallel.
- the wire type displacement sensor 60 is disposed on the upper beam 71, and the elastic device 80 is disposed on the lower beam 73.
- the direction of the rotation axis of the pressure roller 50 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the piston rod 40, and the winding direction of the wire 90 is opposite to the direction of the rotation of the pressure roller 50. Vertically, the length of the pull wire 90 can be changed by the same distance as the circumference of the pressure roller 50, thereby ensuring an accurate measurement of the rotation of the pressure roller 50 without the movement direction of the wire 90 and the rotation axis of the pressure roller 50.
- the change in the length of the pull wire 90 caused by the vertical is greater than the circumferential rotational distance of the pressure roller 50.
- Both ends of the rotating shaft of the pressure roller 50 are provided with an axially extending extension rod 77, and the connecting rod 81 is connected between the lower beam 73 and the extension rod 77.
- the pressure roller 50 can be stably rolled on the piston rod 40 without coming off the piston rod 40.
- this structure is relatively simple and costly.
- the pressure roller 50 is a rubber wheel. In this way, it can have a certain elasticity, play a non-slip effect, facilitate rolling, and facilitate replacement.
- the pressure roller 50 comprises: a rotating shaft of the parallel piston rod 40, at the piston rod 40 is rolled up on the roller portion 53 and the winding portion 55 connected to the roller portion 53, the rotating shaft is connected to the roller portion 53, and the wire is wound around the winding portion 55.
- the roller portion 53 and the winding portion 55 have the same diameter and are coaxially arranged.
- the pull wire 90 is wound around the winding portion 55, and the roller portion 53 and the winding portion 55 are both wheel-shaped, have the same diameter, and are arranged coaxially side by side.
- the pressure roller 50 can simultaneously roll on the piston rod 40 and drive the wire 90 to move, and the length change of the wire 90 is equal to the rolling distance of the pressure roller 50.
- the pressure roller 50 includes: a rotating shaft parallel to the piston rod 40 and a roller portion 53 rolling on the piston rod 40.
- the roller portion 53 is provided with a winding groove, and the wire is wound around the winding groove.
- the pressure roller 50 may not be provided with a winding portion 55 disposed side by side with the roller portion 53.
- the pressure roller 50 may include: a rotating shaft parallel to the stem 40 of the piston 4 and a roller portion 53 that rolls on the stem of the piston 4, and the roller portion 53 is provided In the winding groove, the wire is wound around the winding groove, which saves the volume of the pressure roller.
- the wheel groove 531 may be provided in the roller portion 53, and the wheel groove 531 may be an arc that coincides with the surface of the piston rod 40, or may have an angular shape tangent to the surface of the piston rod 40.
- the wheel groove 531 has a large contact area with the piston rod 40.
- the axial thickness of the wheel groove 531 is greater than or equal to 1/4 of the diameter of the piston 40, and the maximum may be equal to the diameter of the piston 4 dry 40.
- the wheel groove The axial thickness of 531 is equal to 1/3, 1/2 or 2/3 of the diameter of the piston rod 40 so that the roller portion 53 can be stably rolled along the arcuate surface of the piston rod 40 without falling off.
- the winding portion 55 has a winding 4 551 so as to wind the wire 90.
- the present invention also provides a pumping cylinder stroke monitoring method, which uses the pumping cylinder stroke monitoring device described above to press the pressure roller 50 against the piston rod 40 and the pressure wheel along the axial direction of the piston rod 40. Scroll to measure the change in length of the pull wire 90.
- the mounting bracket 70 is fixed to the water tank 30, and then the upper beam 71 and the lower beam 73 and the wire type displacement sensor 60 are mounted.
- the pressure roller 50 (for example, a rubber wheel) is compacted on the piston rod 40 by a lower beam 73 under the mounting bracket 70 and a pair of joints 4 and 81 and a compression spring 83, and then the wire is fixed to the beam 71 fixed to the mounting frame.
- the wire 90 connected to the displacement sensor 60 is fixed and wound around the pressure roller 50, and the position of the wire type displacement sensor 60 on the mounting frame 70 is adjusted so that the wire 90 is pulled in the vertical direction.
- the pressure roller 50 is wound around the wire 90 or the release wire 90.
- the invention also provides a method for arranging a buffer hole for pumping oil rainbow, the method uses the pumping oil rainbow stroke monitoring method described above to measure the pumping oil stroke, and collects the commutation signal of the pumped oil rainbow , calculate the buffer distance of the cylinder. For example, while measuring the stroke of the pumping oil rainbow, the commutation signal of the pumping oil rainbow is synchronously collected, and the buffering distance of the cylinder is calculated by referring to the position of the proximity switch. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
- the pumping oil red 20 is divided into a first oil red 21 and a second oil red 23 in series, which may be a symmetrical structure, connected by an oil circuit indicated by an arrow on the figure, A check valve 25 is provided on the road.
- the left ends of the first oil rainbow 21 and the second oil red 23 are front ends, and the right ends of the first oil red 21 and the second oil red 23 are rear ends.
- the distance between the signal port E and the front end of the oil rainbow, and the signal port E is provided with a sensor or a photosensitive device.
- a solenoid valve or other control mechanism which is a feedback signal of the sensor to the position of the piston rod 40, controls the oil supply direction of the oil passage through the one-way valve 25 to control the movement direction of the piston rod 40 to achieve buffering.
- K is the front end design buffer distance, that is, the front end buffer hole of the first oil red 21, the front end buffer hole of the second oil red 23 and
- the distance between the respective front ends is that Z is the back-end design buffer distance, that is, the rear end buffer hole of the first oil rainbow 21 and the rear end buffer hole of the second oil cylinder 23 are separated from the respective rear ends by Z, and each is The rear end of the buffer hole and the 3 at the front end of the cylinder are: J _ Z.
- the synchronization is collected into the stroke signal (measured by the pumping oil stroke monitoring device described above) and the commutation signal (sensor measurement at the signal port E), so that there is a rod cavity in the cylinder (The actual buffer distance of the cavity where the piston rod is located is:
- D is the diameter of the concrete cylinder piston.
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Description
泵送油缸行程监测装置及方法和緩冲 的优化布置方法 本申请要求于 2010年 12月 2 日提交至中国国家知识产权局、 申请号为 201010571508.9、 发明名称为 "泵送油紅行程监测装置及方法和緩冲孔的优 化布置方法" 的中国发明专利申请的优先权。 技术领域 本发明涉及工程机械领域, 尤其涉及一种泵送油虹行程监测装置及方法 和緩冲孔的布置方法。 背景技术 混疑土泵送油虹有两个活塞, 一个活塞在油虹内, 另一个活塞在混疑土 缸内, 两个活塞通过活塞杆连接。 如图 1所示, 混凝土缸 10,与油缸 20,之间 有一水箱 30,, 只有水箱中的活塞杆 40,是暴露在外面的。 混凝土泵送油虹依 靠油紅 20,中密封的液压油, 通过连接油紅 20,和混凝土紅 10,的活塞杆 40,, 推动混凝土虹中的混凝土前进。 在泵送混凝土的过程中, 活塞杆除了有沿油 缸和混疑土缸方向的平动, 还伴有转动。 现有技术的主要测量混疑土泵送油虹的行程的方式有:
1、 对于普通油缸, 通过在油缸上固定位移传感器, 传感器的另一头固 定在油缸才干的端部, 在油缸才干运动的同时带动传感器, 这样就可以由位移传 感器测出油虹的运动。 但这种方法只能用于油缸杆外露的油缸, 对于泵送油 缸这种特殊油缸是不适用的。 2、 通过对油虹内部结构进行改造、 在内部嵌入传感器等形式, 以测得 油缸的行程。 但这种方法需要对油缸进行改造, 成本非常高, 且不具有通用 性。
3、 申请号为 200610155055.5的中国专利申请中提出了一种测泵送油紅 行程的方法, 是利用拉线式位移传感器和一个固定滑轮装置来测得油缸的行 程。 但该方法没有考虑到泵送油缸的活塞杆在平动的同时会伴有转动, 在实 际工况时一旦活塞 4干转动, 测试就是无效的。 目前, 用上述方法 4艮难测出混凝土泵送油虹的行程, 因此也艮难判断由
行程偏差导致的混凝土泵送效率, 从而无法得到最优的油缸两端緩冲孔设计 位置。 发明内容 本发明的目的在于提供一种泵送油缸行程监测装置及方法和緩冲孔的布 置方法, 以解决现有的泵送油缸行程监测装置难以准确测量泵送油缸的行程 等问题并得到緩冲孔的优化位置。 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种泵送油缸行程监测装置, 包括: 压 轮, 抵压在活塞杆上, 并且压轮具有沿活塞杆的轴向滚动的结构; 长度变化 可测量的拉线, 与压轮连接。 进一步地, 泵送油缸行程监测装置还包括: 拉线式位移传感器, 与拉线 连接。 进一步地, 压轮为橡胶轮。 进一步地, 压轮包括: 平行活塞杆的转轴、 在活塞杆上滚动的滚轮部和 与滚轮部连接的绕线部, 转轴与滚轮部连接, 拉线缠绕在绕线部上, 滚轮部 与绕线部直径相同并同轴并 4 设置。 进一步地,压轮包括: 与活塞杆平行的转轴和在活塞杆上滚动的滚轮部, 滚轮部上设有绕线槽, 拉线缠绕在绕线槽上。 进一步地, 泵送油虹行程监测装置还包括: 安装架, 设置在水箱上, 其 中, 拉线式位移传感器设置在安装架上。 进一步地, 压轮的转轴连接在安装架上。 进一步地, 安装架上设有将压轮抵压在活塞杆上的弹性装置。 进一步地, 弹性装置包括: 可滑动地设置在安装架上的连接杆, 连接杆 连接压轮的转轴与安装架; 设置在安装架与连接杆之间的压缩弹簧。 进一步地, 安装架包括上横梁和下横梁, 拉线式位移传感器设置在上横 梁上, 弹性装置设置在下横梁上, 压轮的转轴与活塞杆的轴向平行, 拉线的 绕线方向与压轮的转轴垂直。
本发明还提供了一种泵送油缸行程监测方法, 使用前述的泵送油缸行程 监测装置, 将压轮抵压在活塞杆上并使压轮沿活塞杆的轴向滚动, 测量拉线 的长度变化, 其中, 泵送油虹行程等于拉线的长度变化。 本发明还提供了一种泵送油缸的緩冲孔的优化布置方法, 包括: 在油缸 上预设两个緩冲孔, 根据前述的泵送油缸行程监测方法得到泵送油缸行程; 釆集泵送油虹的换向信号; 居泵送油虹行程和泵送油虹的换向信号, 得到 泵送油缸的緩冲距离;根据緩冲距离,在泵送油虹上进行緩冲孔的位置优化。 进一步地, "根据緩冲距离,在泵送油虹上进行緩冲孔的位置优化"包括:
τ _ 7 - V + +
按照以下公式计算泵送油缸的吸料和推料效率: η = 1 2 xl 00% ,
L
其中, ;;为吸料和 4舞料效率, 为泵送油缸的前端的緩冲 巨离, 为泵送油 缸的后端的緩冲距离, J为泵送油缸的设计行程; Z、 : Γ分别是緩冲孔与其最 接近的油缸端面距离, 两个緩冲孔的距离为 J-z-y ; 根据不同工况下的泵 送油缸緩冲距离以及最大吸料和推料效率, 确定泵送油缸的緩冲孔位置。 由于釆用压轮 4民压在活塞 4干上, 并且压轮沿活塞 4干的轴向滚动, 所以在 泵送油虹的工作中, 通过测量压轮沿活塞杆的滚动距离即计算拉线的长度变 化, 就可以准确测量出活塞杆的轴向移动距离, 并且, 压轮不会相对于活塞 才干径向转动, 所以无论活塞 4干是否径向转动, 都不影响对活塞 4干的轴向移动 距离的测量, 因而, 本发明克服了现有的泵送油缸行程监测装置难以准确测 量泵送油缸的行程等问题, 进而达到了结构简单、 成本低、 适用范围广的效 果。 附图说明 构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 本发明的 示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的不当限定。 在 附图中: 图 1示意性示出了现有的泵送油虹的连接结构; 图 2示意性示出了根据本发明实施例的泵送油缸行程监测装置的主视结 构, 其中, 去除了水箱; 图 3示意性示出了根据本发明实施例的泵送油缸行程监测装置的弹性装
置的结构; 图 4示意性示出了才艮据本发明实施例的具有緩冲孔的泵送油虹的结构; 以及 图 5示意性示出了同步测得的泵送油缸的行程、 换向信号与时间的关系 曲线图。 具体实施方式 需要说明的是, 在不冲突的情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特 征可以相互组合。 下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。 如图 2所示,根据本发明实施例的泵送油缸行程监测装置包括:压轮 50 , 抵压在活塞杆 40上, 并且压轮 50具有沿活塞杆 40的轴向滚动的结构; 长 度变化可测量的拉线 90 , 与压轮 50连接。 压轮 50抵压在活塞杆 40上, 并且压轮 50具有可沿活塞杆 40的轴向滚 动的结构, 也即, 压轮 50的滚动方向与活塞杆 40的轴向一致, 压轮 50的 转轴与活塞杆 40的轴向垂直。 活塞杆 40运动时, 压轮 50相对活塞杆 40的 轴向滚动, 并且压轮 50不会相对于活塞杆 40径向转动, 即活塞杆 40径向 转动时, 压轮 50也只故相对活塞杆 40的轴向滚动。 拉线 90 可以为带有刻度的标线或标尺或绳, 例如为金属线或无拉伸形 变的绳或线等, 也可以不带刻度。 拉线 90 要收放自如, 收放的同时要保证 线的张紧, 例如通过卷环、 卷筒或拉线式位移传感器实现张紧。 拉线 90 与 压轮 50连接, 例如, 将拉线 90缠绕在压轮 50的圓周上。 这样拉线 90移动 的距离也就是压轮 50相对活塞杆 40轴向滚动的距离。 当然, 还可以将拉线 90连接在压轮 50的其他位置,只不过需要进行通过该位置与压轮 50的转轴 的距离与压轮 50的圓周半径进行换算从而得出这种情况下压轮 50相对活塞 杆 40轴向滚动的距离。 由于釆用压轮 50抵压在活塞杆 40上, 并且压轮 50沿活塞杆 40的轴向 滚动, 所以在泵送油虹的工作中, 通过测量压轮 50沿活塞杆 40的滚动距离 即计算拉线 90的长度变化, 就可以准确测量出活塞才干 40的轴向移动 巨离。 测量时, 可以将拉线 90的一端设置在一个支架上, 也可以用手拿住这一端。 并且, 压轮 50不会相对于活塞杆 40径向转动, 所以无论活塞杆 40是否径
向转动, 都不影响对活塞杆 40 的轴向移动距离的测量, 因而, 本发明克月艮 了现有的泵送油缸行程监测装置难以准确测量泵送油缸的行程等问题, 进而 达到了结构简单、 成本^ ^、 适用范围广的效果。 优选地, 如图 2所示, 泵送油缸行程监测装置还包括: 拉线式位移传感 器 60 , 与拉线 90连接。 这样, 就可以通过拉线式位移传感器 60 自动测量压 轮 50的滚动距离, 测量更加方便、 准确。 优选地, 如图 2所示, 泵送油虹行程监测装置还包括: 安装架 70 , 设置 在水箱 30 (图中为示意的方便, 没有示出, 其具体位置可参照图 1 中水箱 30,的位置)上, 拉线式位移传感器 60设置在安装架 70上。 这样, 在油虹振 动的工作条件下, 安装架 70相对水箱 30不振动, 使得拉线式位移传感器 60 可以稳 -定、 准确地进行测量。 优选地, 如图 2所示, 安装架 70上设有将压轮 50 ·ί氏压在活塞杆 40上 的弹性装置 80。 这样, 可以将压轮 50压紧在活塞杆 40上, 使压轮 50不会 脱离活塞杆 40 ,从而使压轮 50的转动的距离与活塞杆 40的移动的距离一致, 测量的结果更为准确。 优选地, 如图 3所示, 弹性装置 80包括: 可滑动地设置在安装架 70上 的连接杆 81 , 连接杆 81连接压轮 50的转轴与安装架 70; 设置在安装架 70 与连接杆 81之间的压缩弹簧 83。 安装架 70包括上横梁 71和下横梁 73 , 上 横梁 71和下横梁 73可以平行设置。 拉线式位移传感器 60设置在上横梁 71 上, 弹性装置 80设置在下横梁 73上, 压轮 50的转轴方向与活塞杆 40的轴 向方向垂直, 拉线 90的绕线方向与压轮 50的转轴方向垂直, 这样能够使得 拉线 90的长度变化与压轮 50的圓周的转动的距离相同, 从而保证压轮 50 转动 巨离的准确测量, 而不会出现拉线 90的运动方向与压轮 50的转轴不垂 直而造成的拉线 90的长度变化大于压轮 50的圓周转动距离的现象。压轮 50 的转轴的两端设有轴向延伸的延伸杆 77,连接杆 81连接在下横梁 73与延伸 杆 77之间。 这样, 可以使压轮 50能够稳定地在活塞杆 40上滚动, 而不会 脱离活塞杆 40。 而且这种结构较为简单, 成本氐。 优选地, 压轮 50 为橡胶轮。 这样, 可以具有一定的弹性, 起到防滑作 用, 便于滚动, 便于更换。 优选地, 如图 3所示, 压轮 50包括: 平行活塞杆 40的转轴、 在活塞杆
40上滚动的滚轮部 53和与滚轮部 53连接的绕线部 55 , 转轴与滚轮部 53连 接, 拉线缠绕在绕线部 55上, 滚轮部 53与绕线部 55直径相同并同轴并 设置。 拉线 90缠绕在绕线部 55上, 滚轮部 53与绕线部 55均为轮状, 直径相 同并且同轴并排设置。 这样, 压轮 50可以同时实现在活塞杆 40上滚动和带 动拉线 90运动, 并且拉线 90的长度变化等于压轮 50的滚动距离。 在另一个实施例中, 压轮 50包括: 与活塞杆 40平行的转轴和在活塞杆 40上滚动的滚轮部 53 , 滚轮部 53上设有绕线槽, 拉线缠绕在绕线槽上。 压轮 50可以不设置与滚轮部 53并排设置的绕线部 55, 压轮 50可以包 括: 与活塞 4干 40平行的转轴和在活塞 4干上滚动的滚轮部 53 , 滚轮部 53上设 有绕线槽, 拉线缠绕在绕线槽上, 这样可以节省压轮的体积。 由于活塞杆 40的直径较大, 可以在滚轮部 53设置轮槽 531 , 轮槽 531 可以为与活塞杆 40的表面相吻合的弧形, 也可以为活塞杆 40的表面相切的 角形。 轮槽 531与活塞杆 40要有较大的接触面积, 例如, 轮槽 531 的轴向 厚度大于等于活塞 4干 40直径的 1/4 , 最大可以等于活塞 4干 40直径, 优选地, 轮槽 531 的轴向厚度等于活塞杆 40直径的 1/3、 1/2或 2/3 , 以便滚轮部 53 通过能够稳定地沿活塞杆 40的圓弧形表面滚动而不掉下来。 绕线部 55具有 绕线 4曹551 , 以便缠绕拉线 90。 本发明还提供了一种泵送油缸行程监测方法, 该方法使用前面所述的泵 送油缸行程监测装置, 将压轮 50抵压在活塞杆 40上并使压轮沿活塞杆 40 的轴向滚动, 测量拉线 90 的长度变化。 下面描述一下本发明的安装过程和 监测过程: 将安装架 70固定在水箱 30上, 然后安装上横梁 71和下横梁 73以及拉 线式位移传感器 60。 利用安装架 70下方的下横梁 73和一对连接 4干 81和压 缩弹簧 83把压轮 50 (例如为橡胶轮)压实在活塞杆 40上, 然后把与固定在 安装架上横梁 71 的拉线式位移传感器 60连接的拉线 90 固定并缠绕在压轮 50上, 调整拉线式位移传感器 60在安装架 70上的位置, 使得拉线 90沿竖 直方向拉紧。 当活塞杆 40前进或后退时, 压轮 50就缠绕拉线 90或者释放 拉线 90。 这样就把活塞杆 40的平动转化成了橡胶轮的转动, 进而由拉线 90 以及拉线式位移传感器 60反映出来, 实际上也就测出了泵送油缸的行程。
本发明还提供了一种泵送油虹的緩冲孔的布置方法, 该方法使用前面所 述的泵送油虹行程监测方法测量泵送油虹行程, 釆集泵送油虹的换向信号, 折算出油缸的緩冲距离。 例如, 在测量泵送油虹的行程的同时, 同步釆集泵送油虹的换向信号, 以接近开关的位置为参考折算出油缸的緩冲距离。 如图 2和图 4所示, 泵送 油紅 20分为串联的第一油紅 21和第二油紅 23 , 二者可以为对称式结构, 通 过图上箭头所示的油路连接, 油路上设有单向阀 25。 图中, 第一油虹 21和 第二油紅 23的左端为前端, 第一油紅 21和第二油紅 23的右端为后端。 设 定 为油缸设计行程, 为信号口 E与油虹前端部的距离, 信号口 E处设有 传感器或光敏装置。 电磁阀或其他控制机构, 居传感器对活塞杆 40 位置 的反馈信号, 通过单向阀 25控制油路的供油方向从而控制活塞杆 40的运动 方向, 以实现緩冲。 设定 L为油缸设计行程, 测得实际行程为 L' , 设定; K为前端设计緩冲距 离, 即第一油紅 21的前端緩冲孔、 第二油紅 23的前端緩冲孔与各自的前端 的距离为 , Z为后端设计緩冲距离, 即第一油虹 21的后端緩冲孔、 第二油 缸 23的后端緩冲孔与各自的后端的距离为 Z ,则各自的后端緩冲孔与油缸前 端部的 3巨离为: J _ Z。 如图 5所示, 同步釆集到行程信号 (通过前面所述的泵送油虹行程监测 装置测量) 和换向信号 (信号口 E处的传感器测量), 则可以得到油缸中有 杆腔 (活塞杆所在的腔) 的实际緩冲距离为:
S, = L, +Y - X 油缸中无杆腔 (没有活塞杆的腔) 的实际緩冲距离为: = L2 - (L - Z - X) 其中, ^为活塞杆从信号口 E处向前端 (图 4中的左端) 的行程, 2为 活塞杆从信号口 E处向后端 (图 4中的右端) 的行程。 对不同泵送压力或者不同工况, 由以上方法可以得到不同的油虹緩冲 巨 离, 从而找出工况与緩冲距离的关系。 根据此关系, 可以在油虹的两端各找 出一个比较适合各种工况的緩冲孔设计位置, 达到使吸料和推料效率最大化
的目的。 两个緩冲孔之间的距离为: m 实际单次推料吸料为:
1 2 4
D为混凝土缸活塞直径。 理论单次推料吸料为: V, =Lx-xD2
0 4 故吸料和推料效率为: π =— χ100%
v0
= -Z-Y + Sl +S2 xl00%
L 从上式可以看出, 要使效率最大化, 就是要使得 s + _z_;r最小化, 在实际设计中可以根据测得的不同工况下的油缸緩冲距离 和 , 对油虹緩 冲孔位置 z和; Γ进行调整, 以实现推料吸料的最大化。 从以上的描述中,可以看出,本发明上述的实施例实现了如下技术效果: 对于任意的泵送油虹, 可以通过本发明很方便地得到油缸的行程, 判断 泵送单元的泵送效率, 从而推算出最优的緩冲孔设计位置, 使得泵送系统工 作效率最大化。 本发明也可用于泵送产品的调试, 提高调试效率。 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本 领域的技术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的 ^"神和 原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护 范围之内。
Claims
1. 一种泵送油虹行程监测装置, 所述油虹包括活塞及与活塞所连接的活 塞杆 (40), 其特征在于, 包括:
压轮 ( 50 ), 4氏压在所述活塞杆( 40 )上, 并且所述压轮( 50 )具 有沿所述活塞杆 ( 40 ) 的轴向滚动的结构;
长度变化可测量的拉线 (90), 与所述压轮 (50) 连接。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的泵送油缸行程监测装置, 其特征在于, 还包括: 拉线式位移传感器 (60), 与所述拉线 (90) 连接。
3. 居权利要求 1所述的泵送油虹行程监测装置, 其特征在于, 所述压 轮( 50 ) 为橡胶轮。
4. 居权利要求 1所述的泵送油虹行程监测装置, 其特征在于, 所述压 轮 (50) 包括: 平行所述活塞杆 (40) 的转轴、 在所述活塞杆 (40) 上滚动的滚轮部 ( 53 )和与所述滚轮部 ( 53 )连接的绕线部 ( 55 ), 所 述转轴与所述滚轮部 (53 ) 连接, 所述拉线缠绕在所述绕线部 (55 ) 上, 所述滚轮部 (53) 与所述绕线部 (55) 直径相同并同轴并排设置。
5. 居权利要求 1所述的泵送油虹行程监测装置, 其特征在于, 所述压 轮(50) 包括: 与所述活塞杆(40)平行的转轴和在所述活塞杆(40) 上滚动的滚轮部( 53 ),所述滚轮部( 53 )上设有绕线槽,所述拉线( 90 ) 缠绕在所述绕线槽上。
6. 根据权利要求 4或 5所述的泵送油缸行程监测装置, 其特征在于, 还 包括: 安装架(70), 设置在水箱 (30) 上, 其中, 所述拉线式位移传 感器 (60)设置在所述安装架 (70) 上。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的泵送油缸行程监测装置, 其特征在于, 所述压 轮(50) 的转轴连接在安装架 (70) 上。
8. 根据权利要求 6所述的泵送油缸行程监测装置, 其特征在于, 所述安 装架 (70) 上设有将所述压轮 (50) 4氏压在所述活塞杆 (40) 上的弹 性装置 (80)。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的泵送油缸行程监测装置, 其特征在于, 所述弹 性装置 (80) 包括:
可滑动地设置在所述安装架( 70 )上的连接杆( 81 ), 所述连接杆 (81) 连接所述压轮 (50) 的转轴与所述安装架 (70);
设置在所述安装架( 70 )与所述连接杆( 81 )之间的压缩弹簧( 83 )。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的泵送油缸行程监测装置, 其特征在于, 所述安 装架( 70 ) 包括上横梁( 71 )和下横梁( 73 ), 所述拉线式位移传感器
(60)设置在所述上横梁 (71) 上, 所述弹性装置 (80)设置在所述 下横梁 (73) 上, 所述压轮 (50) 的转轴与所述活塞杆 (40) 的轴向 平行, 所述拉线 (90) 的绕线方向与所述压轮 (50) 的转轴垂直。
11. 一种泵送油虹行程监测方法, 其特征在于, 使用根据权利要求 1至 10 中任一项所述的泵送油虹行程监测装置, 将压轮 (50)抵压在活塞杆
(40) 上并使所述压轮 (50) 沿所述活塞杆 (40) 的轴向滚动, 测量 拉线 (90) 的长度变化, 其中, 泵送油虹行程等于所述拉线 (90) 的 长度变化。
12. 一种泵送油虹的緩冲孔的优化布置方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
在油缸上预设两个緩冲孔,
根据权利要求 11 所述的泵送油缸行程监测方法得到泵送油缸行 程;
釆集泵送油缸的换向信号;
才艮据所述泵送油缸行程和所述泵送油缸的换向信号, 得到所述泵 送油缸的緩冲距离; 才艮据所述緩冲距离, 在所述泵送油缸上进行緩冲孔的位置优化。
13. 根据权利要求 12所述的优化布置方法, 其特征在于, 所述"根据所述 緩冲距离, 在所述泵送油虹上进行緩冲孔的位置优化"包括:
按照以下公式计算所述泵送油缸的吸料和推料效率:
τ _ 7 -V+ +
η = 1 2xl 00% , 其中, ;;为吸料和推料效率, 为所 述泵送油缸的前端的緩冲距离, 为所述泵送油缸的后端的緩冲距离, 为所述泵送油缸的设计行程; Z、 : Γ分别是緩冲孔与其最接近的油缸 端面距离, 所述两个緩冲孔的距离为所述 J-z-y;
才艮据不同工况下的所述泵送油缸緩冲距离以及最大吸料和推料效 率, 确定所述泵送油虹的緩冲孔位置。
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| CN102003381B (zh) * | 2010-12-02 | 2013-07-24 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | 泵送油缸行程监测装置及方法和缓冲孔的优化布置方法 |
| CN107826737B (zh) * | 2017-11-17 | 2024-05-17 | 中车洛阳机车有限公司 | 一种机车制动盘组件上下料自动抓取机械手 |
| CN110005658B (zh) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-11-24 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | 活塞旋转力矩的检测装置及检测方法 |
| CN111794956B (zh) * | 2020-08-17 | 2024-11-15 | 湖南机油泵股份有限公司 | 一种测量机油泵内部压力和转子应力应变的试验装置 |
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