[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2012042073A1 - Système de stockage d'air froid à utiliser dans des centrales thermiques - Google Patents

Système de stockage d'air froid à utiliser dans des centrales thermiques Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012042073A1
WO2012042073A1 PCT/ES2011/000290 ES2011000290W WO2012042073A1 WO 2012042073 A1 WO2012042073 A1 WO 2012042073A1 ES 2011000290 W ES2011000290 W ES 2011000290W WO 2012042073 A1 WO2012042073 A1 WO 2012042073A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
pressure
compressor
storage
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2011/000290
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
José María MARTÍNEZ-VAL PEÑALOSA
Alberto RAMOS MILLÁN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
Original Assignee
Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidad Politecnica de Madrid filed Critical Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
Publication of WO2012042073A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012042073A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/14—Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads
    • F02C6/16—Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads for storing compressed air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of energy storage systems, and among them those that use compressed air in order to have high energy values stored per unit volume, and total energy stored as well.
  • thermodynamic cycles such as open Joule-Brayton
  • the purpose of this storage is to satisfy the need for cold and dense air that some thermodynamic cycles, such as open Joule-Brayton, have to obtain high yields.
  • thermodynamic cycles such as open Joule-Brayton
  • the air must be compressed before being injected into the combustion chamber, and the results of that compression are worse the hotter the intake air is, for a given atmospheric pressure.
  • thermal power plants dedicated to the generation of electricity by means of a thermodynamic cycle that requires air for its operation, particularly as a combustion of the combustion of a fuel, such as an open Joule-Brayton cycle in particular lose performance and net power in daytime operating conditions, which is when the demand for electricity is higher.
  • the invention uses the physical fact that at night the ambient temperature is lower than at day, and the air cooler; and in addition there is very low demand for electricity, and even surplus of it, and therefore there is a greater facility to cool a certain substance, using precisely the cold ambient air as a cooling fluid, and the necessary pumps, fans or compressors, activated for low price electricity.
  • the pressure is of the order of 50 bar, and even lower, and this pressure is it obtains thanks to the compressor that is driven, directly or indirectly, with the same axis as that of the gas turbine of the plant.
  • the nominal value of the pressure in the combustion chamber is the one that determines the final conditions in which the compressed air enters, and the elementary laws of adiabatic compression (since compression is performed quickly, and has no time of exchanging heat with the environment) indicate that the hotter the inlet air is, for a given pressure, the lower the density of the compressed air, and therefore the power density of the combustion chamber, which decreases the power of the system and its performance.
  • the invention of the patent ES 2 334 758 B2 consists of an assembly and mode of operation in which the plant is cooled during its daytime operation with conditions that are close to the night temperature, by means of a cooling system of the central focus of the plant with a closed liquid circuit, said liquid having cooled overnight.
  • the invention consists of a compression equipment that works at night, followed by a cooling of that compressed air using the night air itself as a cold fluid, the compressed air thus stored in a tank, tank or warehouse being stored; from which it is injected into the appropriate component of the plant, typically the cycle compressor, when required at a later time, generally because atmospheric air is at a relatively high temperature.
  • the invention is made up of:
  • An air-to-air heat exchanger whose primary circuit is under pressure, and inside which the compressed air circulates, the secondary circuit of the exchanger being at atmospheric pressure, and atmospheric air circulating through it; emerging air from the exchanger is injected from the primary circuit into the cold compressed air tank, tank or warehouse; counting this exchanger with a circulator (usually a fan or battery of fans) that makes atmospheric air flow through the secondary circuit.
  • a circulator usually a fan or battery of fans
  • a tank, tank or warehouse whose load of cold compressed air is made from the output of the primary circuit of the exchanger, and whose discharge is injected into the intake manifold of the appropriate component of the plant, typically the compressor; there is a pressure regulating valve in the loading mouth, in addition to an opening / closing valve; Y similarly there is another pressure regulating valve and another opening / closing valve in the discharge mouth,
  • the invention also consists in operating the system thus composed, according to the following procedure:
  • the storage charging mode is activated, for which:
  • the atmospheric air circulator usually a fan or battery of fans
  • the pressure regulating valve of the loading port is set at the loading pressure of the tank, tank or warehouse, the pressure of the compressor outlet pressure cannot exceed that setpoint pressure;
  • the storage discharge process is carried out, the discharged air is injected into the intake manifold of the component suitable for the control unit, typically the compressor, for which the following operations are carried out:
  • the pressure regulating valve of the discharge mouth is set at the pressure at which it is desired to inject the discharged air into said intake manifold;
  • the sectors of the separating / mixing valve of the intake manifold inlet are positioned according to the mode chosen by the operator of the plant, the air discharge sector of the storage being at least partially open;
  • the operator When choosing the operating mode of the plant, as regards the specifications of the air entering the appropriate component of the cycle, the operator must take into account the thermodynamic diagram of the compression, depending on the starting point of the air supplied to the compressor, and the power-performance map that is obtained according to those conditions; in such a way that the system of the invention provides a flexibility of management of the power station of enormous potential, in order to maximize the yield.
  • Figure 1 shows the scheme of a thermal power plant with a cycle of
  • Mixer / air separator Depending on the position of the fins of its valves, it opens the passage of atmospheric air from the duct 1, or air from the storage 17 coming from the duct 23, separately, or partially opens the two, mixing flows.
  • Gas turbine exhaust pipe 8 ..
  • Fan (which can act by upstream drive, or by suction downstream of the heat exchange zone) that moves the air 25.
  • an air compressor (12) with a maximum compression ratio that depends on the maximum storage pressure to be reached, since the pressure at the outlet of the compressor must be somewhat greater than that value, to overcome losses of load associated to the air flow that is desired to be maintained in the final stage of the load, said pressure loss caused mainly by the valves of the inlet.
  • a double stage regulator or two regulators, is used cascading This arrangement allows, for example, in the diving bottles, to maintain a pressure of 7 bar in the feeding ducts of the breathing nozzle, where the second regulator is, which causes the pressure to drop from 7 bar to the breathing pressure.
  • the first regulating stage is located in the tap attached to the mouth of the bottle, and the pressure from the bottle (which can exceed 200 bar) falls to 7 bar.
  • both processes are carried out in a controlled way, as the gas dosage to a burner is also controlled, by means of the regulating valves (in general also of two stages , as stated).
  • the typology of the compressor can be very varied, but it will be conditioned to the compression ratio required, which is a fact of the ordinary project of this type of equipment.
  • An exchanger (24) whose primary circuit, typically formed by a bundle of pressurized tubes or a set of plates (also under pressure) is connected to the outlet of the compressor (12), which drives compressed air with sufficient pressure to overcome all pressure losses above the value of the load regulating valve (which is the one that truly marks the back pressure at the compressor outlet).
  • the size and morphology of the exchanger are chosen per project according to the expected night air temperature conditions, and the pressure at which it is to be stored, since it marks the outlet temperature after compression adiabatic, given the conditions of entry.
  • the outside air circulates through it, for which it must be sucked and injected between the corresponding plates, if it is a plate exchanger, or inside the housing, if it is tubes; that in this case should be finned (both inside and out, but especially outside, due to the lower air density, and its lower film coefficient).
  • a fan or battery of these is used, which is also ordinary machinery.
  • the quantities of air involved are so high that they may require the use of parallel exchanger batteries and blowers or fans. This machinery can produce a lot of noise, so it is essential to adopt the appropriate soundproofing.
  • a tank, tank or warehouse is built, with walls and structure that are capable of withstanding the internal design pressure.
  • the stored energy is PV, where P is the pressure and V is the total storage volume.
  • the pressure whose unit in the SI system is N / m 2
  • J the pressure
  • the desired value of the total stored energy determines the value of the pair of aforementioned quantities, P V.
  • the stored energy is
  • each mole of methane (16 g) requires 64 g of 0 2 , which are 300 g of air in round numbers.
  • maintaining a thermal power of 1 MW would require burning 20 g / s of gas, and in stoichiometric input, which always exceeds 375 g / s of air. If one wanted to store the air for combustion of 1 MWh, more than 1500 kg of air would be needed, counting the excess to ensure complete combustion.
  • the opening / closing valves are mounted on the loading and unloading mouths of the storage, which are intended to hermetically isolate the tank when it is neither in loading nor in unloading, since in this case they have to clear the step in question.
  • a pressure regulating valve (19 and 22) is mounted in each mouth, having previously explained the functionality of these, which is commonly used in the gas industry.
  • each component can be done in very diverse materials, which are chemically compatible with each other and do not show appreciable corrosion rates, although the expected operating temperatures are of the order of the environment.
  • the advantage of the invention is the improvement of the performance, which can be of several percentage points, but logically its applicability is conditioned on the fact that the difference in air temperature between day and night is large, so that the desired effect is of the greater intensity Moreover, this improvement must exceed, in economic effects, not only the expenses incurred to build the system, but it must also exceed the electrical consumption of the circulators (fans or blowers), as the pumping power to move the quantities involved air can become very large, and eventually exceed the own power gained in the plant by improving performance.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de stockage d'air froid à utiliser dans des centrales thermiques qui nécessitent de l'air, notamment pour la combustion, ledit système comprenant un compresseur (12) d'air qui fonctionne de nuit et injecte de l'air comprimé dans le circuit primaire d'un échangeur (24), dans lequel l'air est refroidi sous l'action de l'air nocturne, qui s'écoule dans le circuit secondaire de l'échangeur (24), l'air comprimé froid étant injecté dans une citerne ou un réservoir (17), depuis lequel l'air stocké peut être déchargé, quand la température de l'air ambiant excède un point prédéterminé, l'air déchargé étant injecté dans le compresseur (4) du cycle thermodynamique de la centrale, ce qui améliore sensiblement les performances de cette dernière.
PCT/ES2011/000290 2010-09-30 2011-09-28 Système de stockage d'air froid à utiliser dans des centrales thermiques Ceased WO2012042073A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201001256 2010-09-30
ES201001256A ES2350347B2 (es) 2010-09-30 2010-09-30 Sistema de almacenamiento de aire frio para uso en centrales termicas.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012042073A1 true WO2012042073A1 (fr) 2012-04-05

Family

ID=43431254

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2011/000290 Ceased WO2012042073A1 (fr) 2010-09-30 2011-09-28 Système de stockage d'air froid à utiliser dans des centrales thermiques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
ES (1) ES2350347B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012042073A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3631673A (en) * 1969-08-08 1972-01-04 Electricite De France Power generating plant
US5537822A (en) * 1994-02-03 1996-07-23 The Israel Electric Corporation Ltd. Compressed air energy storage method and system
US7389644B1 (en) * 2007-01-19 2008-06-24 Michael Nakhamkin Power augmentation of combustion turbines by injection of cold air upstream of compressor
US20090100835A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2009-04-23 Michael Nakhamkin CAES system with synchronous reserve power requirements

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3631673A (en) * 1969-08-08 1972-01-04 Electricite De France Power generating plant
US5537822A (en) * 1994-02-03 1996-07-23 The Israel Electric Corporation Ltd. Compressed air energy storage method and system
US7389644B1 (en) * 2007-01-19 2008-06-24 Michael Nakhamkin Power augmentation of combustion turbines by injection of cold air upstream of compressor
US20090100835A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2009-04-23 Michael Nakhamkin CAES system with synchronous reserve power requirements

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2350347B2 (es) 2011-10-21
ES2350347A1 (es) 2011-01-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ES2975090T3 (es) Sistema termodinámico de almacenamiento/producción de energía eléctrica
ES2733503T3 (es) Dispositivo de almacenamiento de energía, así como procedimiento para almacenar energía
ES2961814T3 (es) Control de inventario de presión variable del sistema de ciclo cerrado con un tanque de presión alta y un tanque de presión intermedia
ES2716376T3 (es) Circuito de refrigeración de un vehículo
ES2955994T3 (es) Acumulador térmico de energía eléctrica con un acumulador de calor de lecho fijo y un acumulador de frío de lecho fijo, y procedimiento de funcionamiento de un acumulador térmico de energía eléctrica
US8468830B2 (en) Inlet air heating and cooling system
ES2911751T3 (es) Sistema de refrigeración con recuperación de calor mejorado por eyectores
US20110016864A1 (en) Energy storage system
ES2612534T3 (es) Procedimiento de regulación de una instalación que comprende unos aparatos de cogeneración y unos sistemas termodinámicos destinados a la climatización y/o a la calefacción
JP7134688B2 (ja) 蓄熱システムを備えた中間冷却式タービン
US20210104912A1 (en) Compressed air energy storage power generation device
ES2872251T3 (es) Caldera termodinámica de CO2 y compresor térmico
US6408609B1 (en) Method and apparatus for enhancing power output and efficiency of combustion turbines
AU2001275254A1 (en) Method and apparatus for cooling the inlet air of combustion turbines
ES2350347B2 (es) Sistema de almacenamiento de aire frio para uso en centrales termicas.
CN107842399A (zh) 一种节流回冷的绝热压缩空气储能系统
ES2664731T3 (es) Mejora de la eficiencia en centrales energéticas
US20210025372A1 (en) Meshod and device to produce alternative energy based on strong compression of atmospheric air
RU101104U1 (ru) Комбинированная энергосистема
CN106089437A (zh) 超临界二氧化碳低温动力系统
ES2891374B2 (es) Sistema y procedimiento para desacoplar el consumo y la produccion de energia mecanica en ciclos termodinamicos de potencia
ES1298768U (es) Dispositivo de climatizacion y suministro de energia para camara acondicionada climaticamente
ES2729277T3 (es) Máquina de fluido
Martin Sequí Modelling of the dynamic behaviour of an advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage (aa-caes)
ES2352636A1 (es) Sistema de alimentación de aire frío en centrales térmicas.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 11828167

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 11828167

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1