WO2011135123A1 - Flexible modular construction system - Google Patents

Abstract

Flexible modular construction system using modules (4), each of which comprises three parallel functional zones, one of which being a passage zone (1), another a service zone (2) and the third a private-space zone (3), said modules (4) forming consecutive dwellings (5) such that the service zone (2) forms a hollow space in which are placed repeatedly, in correspondence with each module (4), elements of the service installations, which are connected to the respective general supply points serving the building.

Description

 SYSTEM. FLEXIBLE MODULAR CONSTRUCTION

Technical sector

The present invention is related to the construction of dwellings that are determined with a distribution of dedicated enclosures for different functions or uses, proposing a housing construction system consisting of one or several modules each of which presents the triple function of general communication , structural support and facilities, and proper housing with the usual enclosures, each module can be configured functionally and structurally as units that can be added or disaggregated, both horizontally and vertically of the parent home, to be incorporated with a minimum reform to the adjacent house, either in horizontal configuration or in vertical configuration, without altering the structural set of the original construction.

State of the art

The walls and with them the houses, static by definition in their traditional configuration, are witnesses of life and of the modifications of the needs of the families that inhabit them, often preventing the very rigidity of the configured spaces from normal evolution of the family, and forcing it to make a sale of the house and move to a new house possibly in a new neighborhood to be able to adjust to each new family reality or, failing that, the owners are forced to live with rooms and unused spaces supporting a series of useless expenses.

The rigidity of traditional housing implies that sometimes the housing space is excessive for the needs of the family unit, such as the case of families where children leave the house, couples who have one or more children or who incorporate a elder to family life, couples who separate, etc., so that the inflexibility of housing design has traditionally prevented part of it from being sold or put on rent to favor its owners.

It is clear that, for a family, having to change housing and neighborhood is an uprooting that acts against people especially in the case of the elderly.

In the field of construction, modular construction techniques have been developed and implemented, using prefabricated modules that only require a mounting assembly to form the desired construction, which allows the construction of independent houses or housing blocks. associated, in a very fast and simple way, getting a significant reduction of costs with respect to the constructions that are made based on total works of masonry in situ.

Some of the solutions of these known modular construction techniques allow only the formation of predetermined fixed constructions according to a configuration project, so that the construction assembly is simplified using certain modular elements generally prefabricated, according to the planned configuration and dimensions, without taking into account in the initial configuration alternatives for future adaptations.

Object of the invention

In accordance with the invention, a modular and flexible construction system is proposed, by means of which housing construction can be carried out with characteristics that make it possible to adapt flexibly, over time, the transformation of initially formalized homes, without altering the structural and functional set of the block assembly in which they are integrated.

The flexible modular construction system object of the invention has as its basic unit a module constituted as an element that can be added or segregated, to provide flexibility to the construction and configuration of the different possible dwellings. The modules can be formed by traditional construction in the places of application, but they can also be prefabricated, without altering the concept of the invention.

Each module consists of three distinct parts: the first is a community horizontal communication zone, the second is a community functional area of facilities and structure, and the third is a zone of private spaces that partially or totally constitute the dwellings.

Each private space area of each module is liable to constitute a minimum recordable unit, however, in accordance with the urban planning laws of each community, the minimum number of private spaces necessary to obtain the qualification of habitable will vary.

These modules are arranged in parallel by matching each of the three functional zones, so that the composition is facilitated by aggregation of modules, either horizontally and / or vertically, for the constitution of larger homes, within the global building unit projected at source.

In the same way, by segregation of modules, from an existing dwelling, there is the possibility that a parent dwelling can be segregated into different groups of modules, each of them being able to be, or a dwelling itself, or an element that can be added to another dwelling, so that the habitability characteristic of the new set formed is maintained.

In short, an initially constructed building is susceptible to infinite modifications in terms of the number and size of the houses that constitute it, without altering the appearance or external dimensions.

In the building the service area is established between the corridor area and the housing area, the service area being determined as a hollow space, through which the elements of light, water, gas, heating installations are repeatedly arranged , ventilation, data, and in general all the mechanical installations necessary at the moment or in the future, given the breadth of the space destined for this purpose, in connection with respective general connections of the different construction services, also being established through the wall of said service area Entrance entrances to construction homes, from the hallway area.

The elements of installations that are executed in the service area are also configured in a modular, rational, repeated and serial way, so that their replacement or future modification to adapt to a new configuration of the modules is immediate, besides being a Low maintenance cost

In this sense, a structure of facilities designed with the fundamental objective of minimizing the work to be carried out on the building's facilities is planned, in the interior renovations of the housing complexes, in the transmission of modules between adjacent homes, in the creation of new homes by segregation of modules from existing homes, or in the elimination of homes by absorption of their modules by adjoining homes.

To this end, common service facilities, which are those that do not need a consumption accounting, such as ventilation facilities, sanitation facilities, smoke extraction facilities, or non-potable reclaimed water supply facilities, are established by the gaps in the service areas, through vertical pipes that include together the conduits of the different services to be channeled in each area of the building, starting from said vertical conduits some derivations, towards the houses, at the level of the different plants.

And on the other hand, private service facilities, which are those that require an accounting of individual consumption of homes, such as the installation of domestic hot water, the installation of potable cold water, the heating installation, the electrical installation, the home automation installation or the telecommunication facilities are established by the hollow of the service areas, by means of a central vertical conduit that encompasses all the conduits of the different services, from which shunts depart to trays that extend through the different plants , from which at the same time departures to each of the homes on each floor.

In this way, each house of the construction can be constituted with the desired dimension, simply using the necessary composition modules, using the corresponding connections, for the installations of light, water, gas, etc., of the service area, so that if you later want to make changes to the distribution of a home, it is only necessary to disconnect from the service area the connections that have to be changed and make the necessary new connections at the new points that apply, being able the new facilities be carried out in an optimal and agile way, by being able to access the area of connection services from the hallway area. In the same vein, in a construction carried out according to a certain distribution of dwellings, the owners of consecutive dwellings (both in the horizontal and vertical dimensions) can transfer the space of one or more contiguous modules of the dwellings, when due to circumstances, in Over time, one of the owners needs more space in their home and the other owner has space, which makes the construction flexible adaptation between adjacent homes, horizontally or vertically, when desired, without altering the structural formation of the construction as a whole.

Therefore, the system of the invention results from very advantageous features for the realization of flexible modular housing, acquiring its own life and preferential character for said function.

Description of the figures

Figure 1 schematically shows a module of the construction system according to the invention.

Figure 2 shows an elementary construction set with two modules, according to the invention.

Figure 3 shows in diagram the construction of a house with three private space areas, by means of a composition with three modules, according to the system of the invention.

Figure 4 is a diagram of the construction of two consecutive houses formed by four areas of private space, by means of respective compositions with four modules, according to the system of the invention.

Figure 5 is a scheme of the construction of two consecutive houses, formed by six private space areas with an equal distribution of private space areas in each of them, according to the system of the invention. Figure 6 is a diagram of the same construction of the previous figure, with one of the houses having given an area of private space to the other house. Figure 7 is a scheme of the construction of four consecutive houses with a common communication core.

Figure 8 is an example of the distribution of two rows of parallel houses, on the sides of a common corridor area.

Figure 9 is an example of the distribution of two rows of houses in two opposite directions from a common communication module.

Figure 10 is an example of the distribution of four rows of homes in radial directions from a common communication module.

Figure 11 is an example of construction of consecutive houses in a circular row.

Figure 12 is an example of housing construction in two circular rows parallel to the sides from a common hall area.

Figure 13 is a plan view of two rows of houses parallel to the sides of a common corridor area, with an example of realization of the interior distribution of the houses.

Figure 14 is a diagram of the vertical distribution of common service facilities in a multi-storey building, according to the invention.

Figure 15 is a plan diagram of said distribution of common service facilities in a building, according to the invention.

Figure 16 is a diagram of the vertical distribution of private service facilities in a multi-storey building, according to the invention.

Figure 17 is a plan diagram of said distribution of private service facilities in a building, according to the invention.

Detailed description of the invention

The object of the invention relates to a flexible modular construction system, with which a succession of consecutive houses is formed, both horizontally and vertically, which are susceptible to a flexible dimensional variation by exchanging private space areas between the dwellings. consecutive, without altering the overall construction, being the resulting homes after the transformation apt to be legalized as such.

The recommended system comprises the provision of three functional parallel construction zones, one of which is a corridor area (1), another is a service area (2), and the third is the private space area (3) that it constitutes the private habitable zone of the houses, constituting these three zones by means of modules (4) that, aligned horizontally and / or vertically, make up the building of the construction.

Each of the dwellings (5) can be made up of an equal or different amount and distribution of private space areas (3).

The corridor area (1) and the service area (2) are formed by sections, which only have to be juxtaposed in the construction process, the service area (2) determining a continuous vertical hollow space, through which establish the entrance doors to the houses (5) of the construction, including inside the said hollow space the elements (pipes, cables, etc.) of the service facilities (water, electricity, gas, communications, television, etc. .) that are foreseen in the building project.

The elements of the service facilities are arranged in the service area (2) repeatedly in areas corresponding to the width of the modules (4) of housing formation (5), establishing all those repeated installations connected in inside the service area (2), regarding corresponding connections general supply of the respective services, so that in each of the modules (4) components of the dwellings (5) you can establish the connections of the services that are needed, directly on the section of the service area (2 ) corresponding to the respective module (4).

In this way, the distribution of the houses (5) of a building project can be carried out as desired, providing the necessary modules (4) and making the connections of the services of each space on the section of the service area (2 ) that corresponds to the respective module (4), being able to subsequently vary the distribution of the equipment, by simply disconnecting the existing equipment, the connections in the places that are located, and establishing new connections on the service area (2) in the points that correspond to the new location.

Similarly, given the successive arrangement of the modules (4) in the formation of the dwellings (5), and the successive disposition of the dwellings (5) throughout the construction, starting from a certain distribution of the construction according to an original project according to the particular needs of the moment, for example a construction of two consecutive houses (5), each formed with six modules (4), such as the scheme in Figure 5, later a redistribution can be made dimensional combination between the dwellings (5), for example, giving one of them to the other the area of private space (3) of a module (4), whereby the first dwelling (5) becomes composed of five areas of private space (3) belonging to five modules (4) and the second dwelling (5) to have seven private space areas (3) belonging to seven modules (4), such as the scheme in Figure 6, without the variation of the dwellings (5) requiring altering the structural set of construction.

The transfer of private space areas (3) and the adaptation of the correlative service areas (2), between consecutive homes (5), both horizontally and vertically, can comprise one or more modules (4) of which they are in the contiguous part of the houses (5).

Under these conditions, with the concepts of modularity and flexibility of the system of the invention, constructions can be made with a distribution of houses (5) in a row correlatively along a service area (2) and a corridor area (1), as in the scheme of Figure 7, different heights can be made, in relation to a communication core (6) between the different heights.

 Similarly, constructions can be made with a distribution of houses (5) in two parallel rows, correspondingly on either side of a central corridor area (1), each of the rows of houses (5) being associated with a corresponding service area (2), as in the scheme in figure 8.

With the same concept, constructions can be formed with different housing distributions (5), in one or more heights, for example according to two opposite rows from a communication core (6), as in the scheme of Figure 9; according to multiple radial rows from a core (6) of communication, as in the scheme of figure 10; according to a circular row, as in the scheme of figure 11; or according to two circular rows on the sides of a common aisle zone (1), as in the scheme of Figure 12; Examples that do not have a limiting nature, since it can also be any other distribution in which at least one row of houses (5) formed with consecutive modules (4) joined over a service area (2), are arranged in correlation with a corridor area (1) complying in each case with current legislation on evacuation and fire.

In any case, regardless of the modular formation and distribution of the dwellings (5) of the buildings carried out according to the system of the invention, in order to minimize the work to be done on the facilities of said buildings, a structure of facilities of Differentiated services in common service facilities, which are those that do not need consumption accounting, and private service facilities, which are those that need an accounting control of the individual consumption of the different homes (5).

The common service facilities are established by the gaps in the service areas (2), through vertical conduits (7) that include the individual ducts together for the different common services to be channeled in each zone, such as ventilation installation, sanitation installation , smoke extraction installation or non-potable reclaimed water supply installation, with connections on the upper deck of the building or in the basement area, as appropriate, as it is observed in figures 14 and 15; starting from said vertical conduits (7) derivations towards the houses (5) in the different floors of the building.

Private service facilities are established where appropriate by the service area gap (2), through a central vertical line

(8) which encompasses all the general conduits of the different private services, such as sanitary hot water installation, potable cold water installation, heating installation, electrical installation, home automation installation or telecommunication facilities, starting from said central vertical conduction ( 8) shunts to trays

(9) that extend along the aisle area (1) in each of the floors of the building, as shown in Figure 16, starting from said trays (9) in turn respective derivations to some trays

(10) that extend through the different dwellings (5), from which the corresponding connections are established in each dwelling (5), as shown in Figure 17; these connections of the dwellings being provided (5) through a respective particular connection cabinet, provided with quick connection systems of the facilities of the different services.

On the other hand, although the description of the system has been made in relation to the specific application for the construction of houses, the system is equally applicable, under the same concept of the invention, for the formation of other types of habitats, such as offices , shops, etc.

Claims

1.- Flexible modular construction system, of the type that determines the formation of the component spaces of houses or other rooms through modules that are associated with each other, characterized in that it comprises the use of modules (4) each of which has the determination of three functional parallel construction zones, one of which is a corridor area (1), another is a service area (2), and the third is a private space area (3), formed by modules (4) a succession of consecutive dwellings (5), the service area (2) being formed by a hollow space, through which the entrances to the dwellings (5) are determined from the corridor area (1), while that, within said hollow space, elements of the service facilities to be incorporated are repeatedly arranged, which elements are established in connection with respective general service supply connections corresponding to Entities to the construction. 2.- Flexible modular construction system, according to the first claim, characterized in that within the space of the service area (2) the elements of the repeated service facilities are arranged in areas that correspond to the width of the modules (4) for housing training (5). 3.- Flexible modular construction system, according to the first claim, characterized in that the aisle area (1) and the service area (2) are formed by modular sections that are arranged together each. 4.- Flexible modular construction system, according to the first claim, characterized in that the succession of dwellings (5) is arranged in a row correlatively with respect to a service area (2) and a corridor area (1). 5. - Flexible modular construction system, according to the first claim, characterized in that the succession of dwellings (5) is arranged in two parallel rows correspondingly to both service areas (2) and a corridor area (1) intermediate common. 6. - Flexible modular construction system, according to the first claim, characterized in that the succession of dwellings (5) is arranged in two or more radial rows from a communication core (6) between them. 7.- Flexible modular construction system, according to the first claim, characterized in that the succession of dwellings (5) is arranged in a circular distribution. 8.- Flexible modular construction system, according to the first and fourth to seventh claims, characterized in that the succession of dwellings (5) is arranged in correlative rows at different heights, with a communication core (6) between them. 9.- Flexible modular construction system, according to the first claim, characterized in that the common service facilities are established by the gaps in the service areas (2), through vertical conduits (7) that include the individual ducts together for the different common services to be channeled in each zone. 10.- Flexible modular construction system, according to the first claim, characterized in that the private service facilities are established by the hollow of the service areas (2), by means of a central vertical conduit (8) that includes all the general conduits of the different private services, starting from said central vertical conduction (8) derivations to some trays (9) that extend through the corridor area (1) in each of the floors of the building, from which trays ( 9) in turn, respective referrals to trays (10) that extend through the different dwellings (5), from which the corresponding connections are established in each dwelling (5).