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WO2011125992A1 - Procédé de traitement d'une biomasse végétale, procédé de production de saccharide à partir d'une biomasse végétale et procédé de production d'alcool et/ou d'acide organique à partir d'une biomasse végétale - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement d'une biomasse végétale, procédé de production de saccharide à partir d'une biomasse végétale et procédé de production d'alcool et/ou d'acide organique à partir d'une biomasse végétale Download PDF

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WO2011125992A1
WO2011125992A1 PCT/JP2011/058569 JP2011058569W WO2011125992A1 WO 2011125992 A1 WO2011125992 A1 WO 2011125992A1 JP 2011058569 W JP2011058569 W JP 2011058569W WO 2011125992 A1 WO2011125992 A1 WO 2011125992A1
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Prior art keywords
plant biomass
treatment
solution
saccharification
immersed
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
田端一英
内田明男
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13K—SACCHARIDES OBTAINED FROM NATURAL SOURCES OR BY HYDROLYSIS OF NATURALLY OCCURRING DISACCHARIDES, OLIGOSACCHARIDES OR POLYSACCHARIDES
    • C13K1/00—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups
    • C13K1/02—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
    • C12P19/02—Monosaccharides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
    • C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
    • C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
    • C12P7/08—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate
    • C12P7/10—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate substrate containing cellulosic material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
    • D21C1/06—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with alkaline reacting compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C11/00—Regeneration of pulp liquors or effluent waste waters
    • D21C11/0007—Recovery of by-products, i.e. compounds other than those necessary for pulping, for multiple uses or not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P2201/00—Pretreatment of cellulosic or lignocellulosic material for subsequent enzymatic treatment or hydrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for treating plant biomass applied when producing sugar, alcohol and / or organic acid using plant biomass, a method for producing sugar from plant biomass containing the treatment method, alcohol and / or
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing an organic acid.
  • waste biomass such as waste wood is attracting attention as a chemical raw material resource.
  • cellulose which is one of the main components of wood, has glucose molecules as a structural unit.
  • Sugars such as glucose can be obtained by hydrolyzing the cellulose.
  • a polymer raw material produced in the petrochemical industry can be prepared.
  • alcohols and organic acids, such as ethanol can be manufactured by performing fermentation using the obtained saccharides.
  • Patent Document 1 a method including a hydrothermal treatment process using a pressurized hot water and a mechanical pulverization process is known (Patent Document 1). ).
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a method including a steaming step in which biomass is immersed in a chemical solution containing water, a water-soluble organic solvent and an organic acid, and the plant biomass is cooked as a pretreatment method for plant biomass.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for dissolving a lignin component by immersing plant biomass in a strong alkaline solution as a pretreatment method for plant biomass.
  • the present invention provides a method for treating plant biomass that can achieve excellent saccharification efficiency at a low cost in the production of sugar from plant biomass, and plant biomass including the treatment method. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing sugar from sucrose, and a method for producing alcohol and / or organic acid from plant biomass including the treatment method.
  • saccharification treatment is carried out after the pretreatment step by treating the plant biomass with a dilute alkaline solution before the pretreatment step carried out prior to the saccharification step.
  • the present inventors have found that the saccharification efficiency in can be significantly improved, and have completed the present invention.
  • the plant biomass processing method according to the present invention includes the following.
  • the alkali solution has an alkali concentration in which the pH when the plant biomass is immersed is within a range of +2.5 from the pH when the plant biomass is immersed in water. It is preferable that
  • the alkali solution preferably has an alkali concentration of 5.0 mM or less.
  • the method for treating plant biomass according to the present invention may be adjusted to a lower pH by adding an acid such as sulfuric acid after the step of immersing the plant biomass in the alkaline solution. That is, it is preferable to adjust to a lower pH by adding an acid, for example, sulfuric acid, after the step of immersing plant biomass in the alkaline solution, and then subjecting it to the pretreatment step.
  • an acid for example, sulfuric acid
  • the processing method of the plant biomass which concerns on this invention may include the process of isolate
  • the processing method of the plant biomass which concerns on this invention mentioned above is applicable to the manufacturing method of sugar from plant biomass, and the manufacturing method of alcohol from plant biomass. That is, in the method for producing sugar from plant biomass according to the present invention, after the above-described method for treating plant biomass, a step of pretreating the plant biomass after treatment and saccharification of the plant biomass after pretreatment Process. Moreover, the manufacturing method of the alcohol from the plant biomass which concerns on this invention is a process which pre-processes with respect to the plant biomass after a process after the processing method of the plant biomass mentioned above, and saccharifies the plant biomass after a pre-process. A process and a process of synthesizing alcohol by using sugar derived from plant biomass.
  • examples of the pretreatment step include a treatment for removing the lignin component contained in the plant biomass and / or a treatment for partially decomposing the hemicellulose component.
  • Specific examples of the pretreatment step include hydrothermal treatment, steaming explosion treatment, dilute sulfuric acid treatment, steaming treatment, and microwave treatment.
  • a method using an enzyme that hydrolyzes polysaccharides contained in plant biomass can be applied. Examples of the enzyme include cellulase.
  • a method using ethanol fermentation using sugar obtained by saccharification as a substrate can be applied. At this time, yeast can be used as an example.
  • the saccharification efficiency in the treatment for saccharifying the polysaccharide contained in the plant biomass can be improved at a low cost. That is, by applying the plant biomass treatment method according to the present invention, sugars can be produced by effectively using polysaccharides contained in plant biomass, and alcohols using sugars can be produced. .
  • the saccharification experiment which uses eucalyptus as a raw material, it is a characteristic view which shows the relationship between the alkaline solution of various density
  • a saccharification experiment using eucalyptus as a raw material it is a characteristic diagram showing a saccharification rate when sulfuric acid is added after performing an immersion step.
  • a saccharification experiment using acacia as a raw material it is a characteristic diagram showing a saccharification rate when a dilute alkali solution is used in the dipping process.
  • a saccharification experiment using acacia as a raw material it is a characteristic diagram showing a saccharification rate when sulfuric acid is added after performing an immersion step.
  • a saccharification experiment using acacia as a raw material when sulfuric acid is added after carrying out an immersion step, it is a characteristic diagram showing a saccharification rate when solid-liquid separation is carried out after carrying out the immersion step.
  • a saccharification experiment using eucalyptus as a raw material when sulfuric acid is added after carrying out an immersion step, it is a characteristic diagram showing a saccharification rate when solid-liquid separation is carried out after carrying out the immersion step.
  • the plant biomass treatment method according to the present invention is carried out before the pretreatment step carried out prior to the saccharification step.
  • the saccharification efficiency in the saccharification process implemented after a pre-processing process can be improved significantly by passing through the process which immerses plant biomass in a dilute alkaline solution.
  • the dilute alkaline solution used in this dipping step means a solution having an alkali concentration such that the pH when the plant biomass is immersed is approximately the same as the pH when the plant biomass is immersed in water. Since plant biomass contains inorganic acids and oily components, the aqueous solution becomes acidic (pH is less than 7) when plant biomass is immersed in water. For example, when plant biomass is immersed in water at pH 7.0 and the drop in pH reaches an equilibrium state, the pH is about 3.0 to 6.0. In addition, the fall degree of pH at this time changes according to the kind of plant.
  • the same pH means a range of +2.5, preferably +2.0, more preferably +1.5, and further preferably +1.0 from the pH when plant biomass is immersed in water.
  • the dilute alkaline solution having a pH within the above range when the plant biomass is immersed is more specifically 5 mM or less, preferably 3 mM or less, more preferably 1 mM or less, and further preferably 0.5 mM or less.
  • An aqueous solution can be mentioned.
  • saccharification efficiency may not be improved as compared with a case where plant biomass is immersed in water instead of the dilute alkaline solution.
  • dilute alkali solution examples include an aqueous alkaline solution of 0.05 mM or more, preferably 0.1 mM or more, more preferably 0.2 mM or more.
  • a dilute alkaline solution having a pH lower than the above range is used, there is a possibility that only the saccharification efficiency equivalent to the case where plant biomass is immersed in water instead of the dilute alkaline solution can be achieved.
  • the alkali concentration in the dilute alkali solution to be used is appropriately set according to the plant biomass to be treated.
  • the alkali concentration of the dilute alkaline solution used is a relatively low concentration (for example, 0.5 mM, preferably 0.2 mM) is preferable.
  • the alkali concentration of the diluted alkaline solution used is relatively high (eg, 1.0 mM or more). It is preferable that
  • the dilute alkaline solution is not particularly limited, and for example, a sodium hydroxide solution, a calcium hydroxide solution, an ammonia solution, a potassium hydroxide solution and the like can be used.
  • examples of plant biomass include biomass mainly composed of lignin, cellulose, lignocellulose, and hemicellulose. More specifically, examples of plant biomass include woody and herbaceous materials. In the processing method of the plant biomass which concerns on this invention, it can be used without being limited at all as plant biomass. More specifically, plant biomass includes eucalyptus, bagasse, acacia, rice straw, cedar, wheat straw, bamboo, etc., pulp made from these plants, plywood materials, building materials, and wastes thereof (for example, Used paper). In the plant biomass treatment method according to the present invention, a pulverized product obtained by subjecting plant biomass to a pulverization process using a vibration mill, a cutter mill, or the like in advance can be used as the plant biomass.
  • the pulverized product may be appropriately subjected to a sieve (for example, a mesh of 150 ⁇ m to 4 mm), and the pulverized product that has passed may be used as plant biomass. Therefore, the processing method of the plant biomass which concerns on this invention may include the said crushing process process.
  • the plant biomass may be allowed to stand in a state of being immersed in the dilute alkali solution, or may be stirred in a state where the plant biomass is immersed in the dilute alkali solution.
  • the amount of plant biomass charged into the dilute alkaline solution is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 1 to 15% by weight, and preferably 5 to 10% by weight. More preferably.
  • the treatment time of the dipping step can be appropriately set according to the type of plant biomass, the shape of the plant biomass introduced into the dilute alkaline solution, the dry state, etc., and can be set to, for example, 0 to 6 hours. 0 to 3 hours is preferable, and 0 to 1 hour is more preferable.
  • the treatment time of the dipping step within the above range, the dilute alkali solution can sufficiently act over the entire plant biomass, and finally excellent saccharification efficiency can be achieved.
  • the plant biomass is immersed in a dilute alkali solution.
  • the plant biomass after the treatment is subjected to a pretreatment step that is performed prior to the saccharification treatment step.
  • the pretreatment step include a treatment for removing a lignin component contained in plant biomass and / or a treatment for partially decomposing a hemicellulose component.
  • the treatment for removing the lignin component contained in the plant biomass may be a treatment for the purpose of removing the lignin component, and it is not necessary to remove the entire amount of the lignin component, or a part of the lignin component is removed or removed. What is necessary is just the process to decompose.
  • disassembles a hemicellulose component should just be the process aiming at the partial decomposition
  • examples of the pretreatment process include hydrothermal treatment, steaming explosion treatment, dilute sulfuric acid treatment, steaming treatment, and microwave treatment.
  • Hydrothermal treatment is a treatment that causes a high-temperature aqueous solution to act on plant biomass under pressurized conditions.
  • the treatment conditions include, for example, a temperature of 140 to 240 ° C. and a pressure of 0.1 to 4 MPa, more preferably a temperature of 140 to 180 ° C. and a pressure of 0.5 to 1 MPa.
  • the treatment time may be a time sufficient for the lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose to be untangled and become fibrous, for example 0.5 to 3 hours.
  • the hydrothermal treatment may be performed in a solution containing an inorganic acid and a water-soluble organic solvent.
  • Steaming and blasting is a process in which plant biomass pulverized to a predetermined size is immersed in a chemical solution containing water, a water-soluble organic solvent, and an organic acid, and then steamed.
  • Water-soluble organic solvents include alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin and ethylene glycol, and water such as aprotic polar solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, and N, N-dimethylacetamide.
  • a water-soluble organic solvent having a low specific heat is used.
  • As the organic acid acetic acid, oxalic acid, formic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid and the like are used.
  • the temperature at which the pulverized plant biomass is immersed in the chemical solution is about 160 to 220 ° C.
  • Steaming is preferably performed in a pressure resistant container.
  • the inside of the pressure vessel at this time is preferably saturated with steam, and the pressure is more preferably 1 to 5 times the saturated vapor pressure.
  • the pressure in the pressure vessel is preferably 0.1 to 5 MPa.
  • Diluted sulfuric acid treatment is a process of immersing plant biomass in dilute sulfuric acid.
  • the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid can be set to 0.2 to 2%, for example.
  • the temperature is preferably 140 to 220 ° C. with the plant biomass immersed in dilute sulfuric acid.
  • the dilute sulfuric acid treatment is preferably performed for 3 to 20 minutes at the above temperature.
  • Steaming is a process in which high temperature steam is applied to plant biomass and steamed under high temperature and pressure.
  • the treatment temperature for the steaming treatment is preferably 140 to 220 ° C.
  • the treatment time for the steaming treatment is preferably 3 to 20 minutes.
  • the microwave treatment is a process in which a predetermined microwave is irradiated to a pulverized or intact plant biomass and rapidly heated.
  • the treatment temperature for the microwave treatment is preferably 140 to 300 ° C.
  • the treatment time for the microwave treatment is preferably 1 to 10 minutes.
  • the solution in which the plant biomass is immersed may be directly subjected to the hydrothermal treatment after the immersion step in the dilute alkali solution described above.
  • the concentration of sulfuric acid contained in the solution to be subjected to hydrothermal treatment is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 0.001 to 3% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 0.3% by weight, and 0.001 to 0.03% by weight. More preferably.
  • the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid contained in the solution to be subjected to hydrothermal treatment can be appropriately set depending on the type of plant biomass, the amount of plant biomass in the solution, the initial pH in the solution (solution pH after the immersion treatment), etc. .
  • the plant biomass content in the solution subjected to the hydrothermal treatment is, for example, 5 to 40% by weight, preferably 20 to 40% by weight, particularly preferably 30 to 40% by weight. .
  • a solid component made of plant biomass may be separated by solid-liquid separation treatment, and the solid component may be subjected to the pretreatment step.
  • a solid-liquid separation process The solid-liquid separation process by a filtration apparatus, the solid-liquid separation process by a pressing apparatus, the solid-liquid separation process by a centrifuge etc. can be mentioned.
  • an acid component having a buffering action such as phosphoric acid
  • the solid component of plant biomass is removed by solid-liquid separation treatment.
  • the delignification effect by hydrothermal treatment and the partial decomposition efficiency of hemicellulose can be achieved.
  • sulfuric acid is added before being subjected to hydrothermal treatment, a desired pH can be achieved by sulfuric acid conversion.
  • the obtained treated product can be used as a raw material used for the saccharification treatment.
  • sugars such as oligosaccharides and monosaccharides (glucose and xylose) can be produced from cellulose components and hemicellulose components (including partially decomposed products) contained in plant biomass.
  • the obtained sugar component can be converted into alcohols such as ethanol and other organic acids by fermentation using microorganisms such as yeast.
  • the organic acid include lactic acid, acetic acid, and succinic acid.
  • the alcohol include ethanol and butanol.
  • Acetone can also be obtained in butanol fermentation. Therefore, the obtained sugar component can be used in a production method for the purpose of, for example, lactic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, ethanol, butanol and acetone.
  • examples of the enzyme include cellulase, hemicellulase (xylanase, xylobiase), mannanase and the like.
  • glucose can be obtained by using cellulase as an enzyme.
  • xylose can be obtained by using hemicellulase as an enzyme.
  • mannose can be obtained by using mannanase as an enzyme.
  • microorganisms that produce the enzymes themselves, culture solutions or culture supernatants of the microorganisms, immobilized enzymes, and the like can be used as the enzymes.
  • FPU FinterPUPaper Unit
  • a reaction product containing cellulase and hydrothermally treated product to which a buffer solution (for example, sodium acetate buffer (pH 5)) is added is used, for example, at a temperature of 35 to 45 ° C.
  • the reaction is preferably carried out at 38 to 42 ° C. for 12 to 48 hours. In addition, you may perform the said reaction under shaking.
  • the obtained processed product (hereinafter referred to as “saccharified product”) may be used as a saccharide as it is, or a product that has been subjected to purification or extraction treatment and purified or extracted may be used as a saccharide.
  • sugar to be obtained examples include glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose and the like.
  • Whether or not saccharification was significantly performed by saccharification treatment is determined by quantifying the amount of sugar by HPLC or the following formula
  • the saccharification rate (%) calculated by the above can be used as an index.
  • yeast capable of performing ethanol fermentation can be used.
  • yeasts belonging to the genus Saccharomyces such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the genus Kluyveromyces, the genus Schizosaccharomyces, the genus Pichia, and the genus Candida. Can be mentioned.
  • the basal medium used for yeast culture is generally yeast extract, glucose, KH 2 PO 4 , MgSO 4 .7H 2 O, NaCl, CaCl 2 , (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , H 3 BO 4 at a predetermined concentration. CuSO 4 ⁇ 5H 2 O, KI, FeCl 3 ⁇ 6H 2 O, MnSO 4 ⁇ 5H 2 O, ZnSO 4 ⁇ 7H 2 O and Na 2 MoO 4 ⁇ 2H 2 O.
  • yeast is cultured in a medium containing the saccharified product and the medium composition described above.
  • the culture conditions may be any conditions in which ethanol fermentation is sufficiently performed and yeast can grow.
  • the temperature is 25 to 45 ° C.
  • the obtained processed product (hereinafter referred to as “fermented processed product”) may be used as ethanol as it is, or may be subjected to purification or extraction treatment and purified or extracted to be used as ethanol.
  • Whether ethanol was significantly obtained by fermentation is determined by quantifying the amount of ethanol by HPLC or the like, or the following formula:
  • the ethanol conversion rate (%) calculated by the above can be used as an index.
  • Example 1 Production of Sugar from Plant Biomass Eucalyptus ground product (25 g) (vibration mill ground 150 ⁇ m mesh product) was collected in a beaker as plant biomass (hereinafter referred to as “BM”). Subsequently, the reaction solution (475 g) was added to adjust the total weight to 500 g.
  • water, 0.2 mM alkaline solution, 1 mM alkaline solution, 5 mM alkaline solution, 10 mM alkaline solution, 25 mM alkaline solution, 50 mM alkaline solution, 100 mM alkaline solution and 500 mM alkaline solution were prepared and used as the reaction solution. .
  • a sodium hydroxide solution was used as the alkali solution having various concentrations.
  • the reaction time was defined as a sufficient time for the neutralization reaction between the acid eluted from the eucalyptus ground product and the alkali of the reaction solution to reach equilibrium. Specifically, the reaction time was 6 to 12 hours, and the reaction temperature was room temperature (20 ° C.). The pH at the end of the dipping process was measured.
  • reaction solution was placed in a high-temperature and high-pressure vessel (made of SUS, 1 L), heated to 180 ° C. with stirring (heated up in about 30 minutes), and maintained at a pressure of about 1 MPa (saturated water vapor pressure) for 15 minutes. (Hydrothermal treatment). Immediately after the hydrothermal treatment, the mixture was water-cooled to room temperature. After cooling with water, the pH of the mixture was measured.
  • the obtained solid-liquid mixture (20 g) after hydrothermal treatment was collected in a falcon tube, and 1 ml of cellulase (CBH, EG) (NS50013, manufactured by Novozyme) and cellulase (BGL) against 1 g of BM by dry weight. ) (NS50010, manufactured by Novozyme) was added in an amount of 0.2 ml.
  • the total unit of these cellulases was 40 FPU.
  • sodium acetate buffer pH 5.0 was used as a buffer, and added to the above mixture so that the final concentration was 50 mM.
  • the mixture was reacted at 45 ° C. for 48 hours while shaking at 120 rpm in a shaker.
  • the saccharification rate (%) is calculated using the formula:
  • the calculated saccharification rate is shown in FIG. 1 for each alkali solution having various concentrations used in the above-described dipping process.
  • a bar graph showing the saccharification rate shows the solution pH after the dipping process (upper stage) and the solution pH after the hydrothermal treatment (lower stage).
  • the saccharification rate (58%) when water is used in the dipping process is shown as a solid line.
  • the pH when the eucalyptus ground product was immersed in water was 3.3
  • the pH when the eucalyptus ground product was immersed in an alkaline solution of 0.2 mM, 1 mM and 5 mM was 3.2, 3.4 and 5.8, respectively. there were. That is, among the alkaline solutions of various concentrations described above, the 0.2 mM, 1 mM and 5 mM alkaline solutions have a pH when the eucalyptus ground product is immersed (the pH after the immersion treatment), and the eucalyptus ground product is immersed in water.
  • the pH was similar to that at the time of exposure.
  • Example 2 In this example, the immersion process was performed using a 1 mM alkaline solution in Example 1, and then sulfuric acid was added to 0.003%, and then hydrothermal treatment and saccharification treatment were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. It was. The results are shown in FIG. In addition, in FIG. 2, the saccharification rate at the time of using the 0.2 mM and 1 mM alkaline solution in Example 1 was also shown collectively. In FIG. 1, the saccharification rate (58%) when water is used in the dipping process is shown as a solid line.
  • Example 3 In this example, a dipping step, hydrothermal treatment and saccharification treatment were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that acacia was used as a raw material and a 0.2 mM alkaline solution was used. The results are shown in FIG. In addition, in FIG. 3, the saccharification rate at the time of using water in the immersion process was shown collectively.
  • Example 4 In this example, the immersion process was performed using a 0.2 mM alkaline solution, sulfuric acid was added to 0.1%, and then hydrothermal treatment and saccharification treatment were performed in the same manner as in Example 3. The results are shown in FIG.
  • the hydrothermal treatment was carried out at a lower pH with the addition of sulfuric acid, and thus a very large saccharification rate improvement effect could not be achieved (Example 3). It became clear that can be achieved. From this example, for plant biomass that has a pH of 5.0 or higher when immersed in water, after the immersion treatment, an acid is added to achieve a more acidic pH, and then hydrothermal treatment is performed. It became clear that a better saccharification rate could be achieved.
  • Example 5 In this example, after the immersion process was performed using a 0.2 mM alkaline solution, the solid component was separated by solid-liquid separation operation, and then the solid component was mixed into the solution (composition: water) and subjected to hydrothermal treatment. A saccharification treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the above was performed. Further, in this example, after performing the dipping process, hydrothermal treatment was performed in the case where sulfuric acid was added to 0.1% and in the case where sulfuric acid was not added.
  • FIG. 5 As can be seen from FIG. 5, it was revealed that a better saccharification rate can be achieved by solid-liquid separation treatment regardless of the presence or absence of sulfuric acid addition in hydrothermal treatment. From this example, for plant biomass having a pH of 5.0 or higher when immersed in water, it is possible to achieve a superior saccharification rate by carrying out hydrothermal treatment after removing the components eluted by the immersion treatment. It became clear.
  • FIG. 6 show that the solid solution was separated after the immersion process was performed using a 1 mM alkaline solution in Example 2, and then the solid component was a solution containing 0.003% sulfuric acid (composition: 0.003% sulfuric acid). It is the result of having performed the saccharification process like Example 2 except mixing with aqueous solution) and performing hydrothermal treatment.
  • Example 6 hydrothermal treatment and saccharification treatment were performed after the dipping step in the same manner as in Example 1 except that bagasse was used instead of eucalyptus and a 0.4 mM alkaline solution was used.
  • the result compared with the saccharification rate when water is used in the dipping process is shown in FIG.
  • the pH when bagasse was immersed in water was 3.6
  • the pH when bagasse was immersed in a 0.4 mM alkaline solution was 3.6, respectively. That is, in the 0.4 mM alkaline solution, the pH when the bagasse was immersed (the pH after the immersion treatment) was approximately the same as the pH when the bagasse was immersed in water.
  • a saccharification rate of about 15% or more was achieved compared to the saccharification rate when water was used in the dipping process.
  • Example 7 In this example, the dipping process was performed using a calcium hydroxide solution and an ammonia solution as the alkaline solution. Specifically, the dipping step, hydrothermal treatment and saccharification treatment were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.4 mM and 1 mM calcium hydroxide solutions and 0.4 mM and 1 mM ammonia solutions were used.
  • the pH of the solution was measured and found to be 3.2 to 3.4.
  • the pH of the solution was measured and found to be 3.6 to 3.7.
  • the pH of the solution was measured and found to be 3.2 to 3.4.
  • the pH of the solution was measured and found to be 3.2 to 3.4. Note that, after the immersion step using water instead of the alkaline solution, the pH of the solution was measured and found to be 3.0 to 3.4. From these results, when the immersion process was performed using 0.4 mM and 1 mM calcium hydroxide solutions and 0.4 mM and 1 mM ammonia solutions, the pH was about the same as when the immersion process was performed using water. I found out that
  • FIG. 8 the saccharification rate when each alkaline solution was used is shown in FIG.
  • “C” on the horizontal axis is the result when the immersion process is performed using water
  • “A-1” is the result when the immersion process is performed using a 0.4 mM ammonia solution
  • “A-2” is the result when the immersion process is performed using 1 mM ammonia solution
  • “Ca-1” is the result when the immersion process is performed using 0.4 mM calcium hydroxide solution
  • “-2” is the result when the immersion process was performed using a 1 mM calcium hydroxide solution.
  • the alkali concentration is such that the pH is similar to that obtained when the dipping process is performed using water. It was revealed that an excellent saccharification rate can be achieved.

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Abstract

Lors de la production d'un saccharide à partir d'une biomasse végétale, un taux de saccharification élevé peut être obtenu à bas coût. Avant une étape de prétraitement à mettre en œuvre avant la saccharification, une biomasse végétale est trempée dans une solution aqueuse alcaline qui, lorsque la biomasse y trempe, présente une valeur de pH similaire à la valeur de pH de ladite biomasse végétale trempée dans l'eau.
PCT/JP2011/058569 2010-04-06 2011-04-05 Procédé de traitement d'une biomasse végétale, procédé de production de saccharide à partir d'une biomasse végétale et procédé de production d'alcool et/ou d'acide organique à partir d'une biomasse végétale Ceased WO2011125992A1 (fr)

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WO2014097799A1 (fr) * 2012-12-18 2014-06-26 昭和電工株式会社 Procédé d'hydrolyse d'une biomasse végétale
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JP5982549B1 (ja) * 2015-10-01 2016-08-31 新日鉄住金エンジニアリング株式会社 リグノセルロース系バイオマスの前処理方法及び前処理装置

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JP2009125050A (ja) * 2007-11-28 2009-06-11 Jfe Engineering Corp 草本系バイオマスの酵素加水分解の前処理方法、草本系バイオマスを原料とするエタノール製造方法及びパームヤシ空果房を原料とするエタノール製造方法
JP2009528035A (ja) * 2006-02-27 2009-08-06 淮北市輝克薬業有限公司 新規なバイオマスによる液体燃料の製造方法

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JP2009528035A (ja) * 2006-02-27 2009-08-06 淮北市輝克薬業有限公司 新規なバイオマスによる液体燃料の製造方法
JP2009125050A (ja) * 2007-11-28 2009-06-11 Jfe Engineering Corp 草本系バイオマスの酵素加水分解の前処理方法、草本系バイオマスを原料とするエタノール製造方法及びパームヤシ空果房を原料とするエタノール製造方法

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