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WO2011100850A1 - Method and apparatus for fire ventilation and fire containment - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for fire ventilation and fire containment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011100850A1
WO2011100850A1 PCT/CH2010/000043 CH2010000043W WO2011100850A1 WO 2011100850 A1 WO2011100850 A1 WO 2011100850A1 CH 2010000043 W CH2010000043 W CH 2010000043W WO 2011100850 A1 WO2011100850 A1 WO 2011100850A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fire
water
ventilation
water mist
jet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CH2010/000043
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Petr Pospisil
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/CH2010/000043 priority Critical patent/WO2011100850A1/en
Publication of WO2011100850A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011100850A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0207—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires by blowing air or gas currents with or without dispersion of fire extinguishing agents; Apparatus therefor, e.g. fans
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0221—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires for tunnels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0072—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using sprayed or atomised water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
    • E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for fire ventilation and fire containment by means of a combination of impulse ventilation with water mist injection.
  • impulse ventilation an air flow is generated by a jet of air at high speed by impulse transmission to the surrounding air.
  • the impulse ventilation is used as the state of the art for the ventilation of road and rail tunnels, as well as tunnels and garages, with the use of jet fans or Saccardodüsen.
  • the range of the water mist is increased, thereby can be applied to a larger area with less water injections compared to a pure water mist or sprinkler system
  • An apparatus consists of an arrangement of nozzles for water mist injection in the outlet jet of a jet fan, or a Saccardo nozzle.
  • uniformly distributed jet fans with water mist injection are to be provided over the entire length of the tunnel.
  • smaller fans can be used with lower blow-off speed, higher efficiency and lower connection performance.
  • the distance between the jet fans can be set to approx. 80 m. This is needed for effective pulse conversion.
  • the amount of injected water and the number, size and shape of the nozzles are designed to maintain the water mist concentration required for the required fire cooling along the entire length of a fire compartment (between two jet fans).
  • Jet fans are switched on in the direction of travel.
  • the valve of the first water mist injection is opened upstream of the fire location, i. in the
  • Outlet jet of the associated fan is injected water mist
  • the impulse ventilation is used as operating ventilation.

Landscapes

  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for fire ventilation and fire containment, in particular for road and rail tunnels, and also for mining galleries and garages, by means of a combination of impulse ventilation and water mist injection. The water is atomized into fine droplets (water mist system) by means of high pressures and a suitable nozzle design, the discharge of water takes place in the same direction as the air jet, and the discharge speed of the water is greater than the speed of the air jet. As a result, both the impulse of the air jet and the throw of the water mist are increased. A fire downstream of the injection is cooled and contained, and smoke is bound and washed away. An apparatus according to the invention comprises an arrangement of nozzles for water mist injection in the outlet jet of a jet fan.

Description

BESCHREIBUNG  DESCRIPTION

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Brandlüftung und Brandeindämmung  Method and device for fire ventilation and fire containment

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Brandlüftung und Brandeindämmung mittels einer Kombination von Impulslüftung mit Wassernebeleindüsung. The invention relates to a method and a device for fire ventilation and fire containment by means of a combination of impulse ventilation with water mist injection.

Bei der Impulslüftung wird durch einen Luftstrahl mit hoher Geschwindigkeit mittels Impulsübertragung auf die umgebende Luft eine Luftströmung erzeugt. Die Impulslüftung wird als Stand der Technik zur Belüftung von Strassen- und Bahntunneln, sowie von Stollen und Garagen verwendet, mit dem Einsatz von Strahlventilatoren oder Saccardodüsen.  In impulse ventilation, an air flow is generated by a jet of air at high speed by impulse transmission to the surrounding air. The impulse ventilation is used as the state of the art for the ventilation of road and rail tunnels, as well as tunnels and garages, with the use of jet fans or Saccardodüsen.

Beim hier beschriebenen Verfahren wird zusätzlich Wasser in den Luftstrahl der Impulslüftung eingedüst, unter Beachtung der folgenden Grundsätze:  In the process described here, additional water is injected into the air jet of the pulsed ventilation, observing the following principles:

- Das Wasser wird durch hohe Drücke und entsprechende Düsengestaltung in feine  - The water is fine by high pressures and appropriate nozzle design

Tröpfchen zerstäubt (Wassernebelanlage) Droplets atomized (water mist system)

- Der Wasseraustritt erfolgt in gleicher Richtung wie der Luftstrahl  - The water outlet takes place in the same direction as the air jet

- Die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit des Wassers ist grösser als die Geschwindigkeit des  - The exit speed of the water is greater than the speed of the

Luftstrahls air jet

Dadurch ergeben sich folgende Effekte: This results in the following effects:

- Der Impuls des Luftstrahls wird erhöht, somit ist auch die Antriebskraft auf die Luftströmung grösser als bei einer reinen Impulslüftung ohne Wassereindüsung  - The impulse of the air jet is increased, thus the driving force on the air flow is greater than in a pure impulse ventilation without water injection

- Die Wurfweite des Wassernebels wird erhöht, dadurch kann gegenüber einer reinen Wassernebel- bzw. Sprinkleranlage eine grössere Fläche mit weniger Wassereindüsungen beaufschlagt werden  - The range of the water mist is increased, thereby can be applied to a larger area with less water injections compared to a pure water mist or sprinkler system

- Ein Brand stromabwärts der Eindüsung wird gekühlt und eingedämmt  - A fire downstream of the injection is cooled and dammed

- Stromabwärts der Eindüsung wird Rauch gebunden und ausgewaschen  - Downstream of the injection, smoke is bound and washed out

Die letzteren beiden Effekte entsprechen dem Einsatzzweck der Wassernebel-Löschanlage, welcher bei einer reinen Impulslüftung nicht erfüllt wird.  The latter two effects correspond to the purpose of the water mist extinguishing system, which is not met in a pure impulse ventilation.

Eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung besteht aus einer Anordnung von Düsen zur Wassernebeleindüsung im Austrittsstrahl eines Strahlventilators, bzw. einer Saccardo-Düse. Für die Anwendung in einem Autobahntunnel sind über die ganze Tunnellänge gleichmassig verteilt Strahlventilatoren mit Wassernebeleindüsung vorzusehen. Gegenüber einer (heute üblichen) konzentrierten Anordnung der Strahlventilatoren in Gruppen an den Portalen können kleinere Ventilatoren mit niedrigerer Ausblasgeschwindigkeit, höherem Wirkungsgrad und geringerer Anschlussleistung verwendet werden. Der Abstand zwischen den Strahlventilatoren kann auf ca. 80 m festgelegt werden. Dieser wird für eine effektive Impulsumsetzung benötigt. An apparatus according to the invention consists of an arrangement of nozzles for water mist injection in the outlet jet of a jet fan, or a Saccardo nozzle. For use in a motorway tunnel, uniformly distributed jet fans with water mist injection are to be provided over the entire length of the tunnel. Compared to a (today usual) concentrated arrangement of the jet fans in groups on the portals smaller fans can be used with lower blow-off speed, higher efficiency and lower connection performance. The distance between the jet fans can be set to approx. 80 m. This is needed for effective pulse conversion.

Die Menge des eingedüsten Wassers und die Anzahl, Grösse und Form der Düsen werden so ausgelegt, dass auf der gesamten Länge eines Brandabschnitts (zwischen zwei Strahlventilatoren) die für die geforderte Brandkühlung erforderliche Wassernebelkonzentration aufrechterhalten wird.  The amount of injected water and the number, size and shape of the nozzles are designed to maintain the water mist concentration required for the required fire cooling along the entire length of a fire compartment (between two jet fans).

Betriebskonzept: Operating concept:

Die Detektion eines Brandes im Tunnel löst das Brandlüftungsregime aus, d.h. alle  The detection of a fire in the tunnel triggers the fire ventilation regime, i. all

Strahlventilatoren werden in Fahrtrichtung eingeschaltet. Zusätzlich wird das Ventil der ersten Wassernebeleindüsung stromaufwärts des Brandortes geöffnet, d.h. in den Jet fans are switched on in the direction of travel. In addition, the valve of the first water mist injection is opened upstream of the fire location, i. in the

Austrittsstrahl des dazugehörigen Ventilators wird Wassernebel eingedüst Outlet jet of the associated fan is injected water mist

(Abb. 2). (Fig. 2).

Ohne Wassernebeleindüsung wird die Impulslüftung als Betriebslüftung verwendet.  Without water mist injection, the impulse ventilation is used as operating ventilation.

Claims

ANSPRÜCHE 1. Verfahren zur Kombination einer Impulslüftung mit einer Wassernebel-Löschanlage 1. A method for combining a pulse ventilation with a water mist extinguishing system 2. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 , bestehend aus einer Anordnung von Düsen zur achsparallelen Wassernebeleindüsung in den Luftstrahl eines Strahlventilators (Abb. 1 ) 2. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1, consisting of an arrangement of nozzles for paraxial water mist injection into the air jet of a jet fan (Fig. 1) 3. Anwendung des Verfahrens in Strassentunneln (Abb. 2)  3. Application of the method in road tunnels (Fig. 2)
PCT/CH2010/000043 2010-02-17 2010-02-17 Method and apparatus for fire ventilation and fire containment Ceased WO2011100850A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH2010/000043 WO2011100850A1 (en) 2010-02-17 2010-02-17 Method and apparatus for fire ventilation and fire containment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH2010/000043 WO2011100850A1 (en) 2010-02-17 2010-02-17 Method and apparatus for fire ventilation and fire containment

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011100850A1 true WO2011100850A1 (en) 2011-08-25

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102425431A (en) * 2011-11-14 2012-04-25 新汶矿业集团有限责任公司 Extremely-close coal seam mining roadway arrangement method
CN103411749A (en) * 2013-08-21 2013-11-27 中国科学技术大学 Experimental device and experimental method used for studying smoke discharge induction system
CN104153805A (en) * 2014-07-31 2014-11-19 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 Intra-tunnel smoke discharge system and method
CN106292443A (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-01-04 山东康威通信技术股份有限公司 Environment measuring and fan linkage controller, devices and methods therefor in a kind of tunnel
CN106948854A (en) * 2017-04-12 2017-07-14 合肥工业大学 Tunnel ventilation smoke evacuation system and tunnel ventilation smoke exhaust method
DE102018004605B4 (en) 2018-06-11 2022-09-01 Felix Müller Fan attachment to optimize mix ventilation

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10313703A1 (en) * 2003-03-27 2004-10-14 Vogt AG, Feuerwehrgeräte- und Fahrzeugbau Fire truck for putting out fires in tunnels, has fan, tank and conveyor system arranged on truck body, in which fan has discharge outlet that releases fire extinguishing material conveyed by conveyor system from tank
EP1741473A1 (en) * 2005-07-07 2007-01-10 Vogt AG Feuerwehrgeräte- und Fahrzeugbau Venting device for a tunnel
WO2010046668A1 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 Mosen Ltd Improved tunnel ventilation device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10313703A1 (en) * 2003-03-27 2004-10-14 Vogt AG, Feuerwehrgeräte- und Fahrzeugbau Fire truck for putting out fires in tunnels, has fan, tank and conveyor system arranged on truck body, in which fan has discharge outlet that releases fire extinguishing material conveyed by conveyor system from tank
EP1741473A1 (en) * 2005-07-07 2007-01-10 Vogt AG Feuerwehrgeräte- und Fahrzeugbau Venting device for a tunnel
WO2010046668A1 (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 Mosen Ltd Improved tunnel ventilation device

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102425431A (en) * 2011-11-14 2012-04-25 新汶矿业集团有限责任公司 Extremely-close coal seam mining roadway arrangement method
CN102425431B (en) * 2011-11-14 2014-01-15 新汶矿业集团有限责任公司 Ultra-close coal layer mining roadway distributing method
CN103411749A (en) * 2013-08-21 2013-11-27 中国科学技术大学 Experimental device and experimental method used for studying smoke discharge induction system
CN104153805A (en) * 2014-07-31 2014-11-19 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 Intra-tunnel smoke discharge system and method
CN106292443A (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-01-04 山东康威通信技术股份有限公司 Environment measuring and fan linkage controller, devices and methods therefor in a kind of tunnel
CN106292443B (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-12-18 山东康威通信技术股份有限公司 Environment measuring and fan linkage controller, devices and methods therefor in a kind of tunnel
CN106948854A (en) * 2017-04-12 2017-07-14 合肥工业大学 Tunnel ventilation smoke evacuation system and tunnel ventilation smoke exhaust method
DE102018004605B4 (en) 2018-06-11 2022-09-01 Felix Müller Fan attachment to optimize mix ventilation

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