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WO2011161953A1 - Appareil de cycle de réfrigération - Google Patents

Appareil de cycle de réfrigération Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011161953A1
WO2011161953A1 PCT/JP2011/003536 JP2011003536W WO2011161953A1 WO 2011161953 A1 WO2011161953 A1 WO 2011161953A1 JP 2011003536 W JP2011003536 W JP 2011003536W WO 2011161953 A1 WO2011161953 A1 WO 2011161953A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
pressure
space
fluid machine
evaporator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2011/003536
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
寛 長谷川
敦雄 岡市
雄司 尾形
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Corp
Original Assignee
Panasonic Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Panasonic Corp filed Critical Panasonic Corp
Priority to EP11797842.9A priority Critical patent/EP2587188A1/fr
Priority to CN2011800035448A priority patent/CN102549355A/zh
Priority to JP2012521327A priority patent/JPWO2011161953A1/ja
Publication of WO2011161953A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011161953A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/06—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using expanders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/356—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member
    • F01C1/3562—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F01C1/3564—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the working space, being surfaces of revolution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type
    • F01C11/002—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of similar working principle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01C13/04—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby for driving pumps or compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C20/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines or engines
    • F01C20/10—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines or engines characterised by changing the positions of the inlet or outlet openings with respect to the working chamber
    • F01C20/16—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines or engines characterised by changing the positions of the inlet or outlet openings with respect to the working chamber using lift valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C20/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines or engines
    • F01C20/24—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines or engines characterised by using valves for controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/12—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
    • F04C29/124—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet with inlet and outlet valves specially adapted for rotary or oscillating piston pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus.
  • Patent Document 1 a refrigeration cycle apparatus including an expander that recovers power from a refrigerant and a sub-compressor integrated with the expander is known. An outline of the refrigeration cycle apparatus described in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 500 described in Patent Document 1 includes a main compressor 501, a radiator 502, an expander 503, an evaporator 504, and a sub compressor 505.
  • the sub compressor 505 is connected to the expander 503 by a shaft 506.
  • the refrigerant is compressed by the main compressor 501 so as to be in a high temperature and high pressure state.
  • the compressed refrigerant is cooled by the radiator 502 and then expanded by the expander 503.
  • the expanded refrigerant changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase in the evaporator 504.
  • the gas-phase refrigerant is compressed from a low pressure to an intermediate pressure by the sub-compressor 505 and sucked into the main compressor 501 again.
  • the sub-compressor 505 is driven by the power recovered by the expander 503 from the refrigerant. Since the sub compressor 505 preliminarily compresses the refrigerant upstream of the main compressor 501, the load on the motor 501a of the main compressor 501 is reduced. As a result, the COP (coefficient of performance) of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 500 is improved.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 500 shown in FIG. 12 requires two positive displacement fluid machines, an expander 503 and a sub-compressor 505. Therefore, the cost tends to be higher than that of a normal refrigeration cycle apparatus using an expansion valve.
  • an expander configured to transmit recovered power directly to a compressor is also known, but its structure is complicated and inevitably increases in cost.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a power recovery type refrigeration cycle apparatus having a simple structure.
  • the present invention A compressor for compressing the refrigerant; A radiator for cooling the refrigerant compressed by the compressor; An operating chamber and an injection port; (i) a step of sucking the refrigerant cooled by the radiator into the working chamber at a first pressure; and (ii) a refrigerant sucked in the working chamber in the first chamber. A step of expanding to a second pressure lower than the second pressure and further overexpanding to a third pressure lower than the second pressure; and (iii) applying the third pressure to the working chamber through the injection port.
  • a step of supplying the refrigerant having, and mixing the supplied refrigerant with the overexpanded refrigerant, and (iv) using the power recovered from the refrigerant in the step (ii), and mixing the refrigerant to the second pressure A positive displacement fluid machine configured to perform a step of recompressing in the working chamber; and (v) a step of discharging the recompressed refrigerant from the working chamber; An evaporator for heating the refrigerant discharged from the positive displacement fluid machine; An injection flow path for supplying the refrigerant having the third pressure to the injection port of the positive displacement fluid machine; A refrigeration cycle apparatus is provided.
  • the following process is performed by the positive displacement fluid machine.
  • the refrigerant sucked into the working chamber is expanded and overexpanded.
  • a refrigerant having the same pressure as the overexpanded refrigerant is injected into the working chamber through the injection flow path, and the injected refrigerant and the overexpanded refrigerant are mixed in the working chamber.
  • the mixed refrigerant is recompressed using the power recovered when the refrigerant is expanded and overexpanded. Since the pressure of the refrigerant can be increased by the recovered power, the load on the compressor is reduced. This improves the COP of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
  • the stroke (ii), the stroke (iii), and the stroke (iv) are performed as a series of strokes between the suction stroke and the discharge stroke. Therefore, according to the present invention, unlike the refrigeration cycle apparatus described in Patent Document 1, it is not necessary to separately configure the expander and the sub compressor. Therefore, according to the present invention, the above steps can be performed using a positive displacement fluid machine having a simpler structure. Thereby, the manufacturing cost of the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a positive displacement fluid machine used in the refrigeration cycle apparatus shown in FIG. Cross-sectional view along the line XX of the positive displacement fluid machine shown in FIG. Cross-sectional view along Y-Y line of positive displacement fluid machine shown in FIG. Operational principle diagram of positive displacement fluid machine shown in FIG. Graph showing the relationship between shaft rotation angle and working chamber volume Graph showing the relationship between shaft rotation angle and working chamber pressure PV diagram showing relationship between working chamber pressure and volume
  • FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the positive displacement fluid machine used in the refrigeration cycle apparatus shown in FIG. Cross-sectional view along the Z-Z line of the positive displacement fluid machine shown in FIG. Operational principle diagram of the positive displacement fluid machine shown in FIG. Configuration diagram of conventional refrigeration cycle equipment
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first embodiment.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 includes a compressor 2, a radiator 3, a positive displacement fluid machine 4, a gas-liquid separator 5, an expansion valve 6, and an evaporator 7. These components are connected to each other by flow paths 10a to 10f so as to form the refrigerant circuit 10.
  • the flow paths 10a to 10f are typically constituted by refrigerant pipes.
  • the refrigerant circuit 10 is filled with a refrigerant such as hydrofluorocarbon or carbon dioxide as a working fluid.
  • Other components such as an accumulator may be provided in the flow paths 10a to 10f.
  • the compressor 2 is a positive displacement compressor such as a rotary compressor or a scroll compressor.
  • the radiator 3 is a device for removing heat from the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 and is typically composed of a water-refrigerant heat exchanger or an air-refrigerant heat exchanger.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 4 has a function of expanding the refrigerant and a function of compressing the refrigerant.
  • the gas-liquid separator 5 is a device for separating the refrigerant discharged from the positive displacement fluid machine 4 into a gas refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant.
  • the gas-liquid separator 5 is provided with a liquid refrigerant outlet, a refrigerant inlet, and a gas refrigerant outlet.
  • the expansion valve 6 is a valve whose opening degree can be changed, for example, an electric expansion valve.
  • the evaporator 7 is a device for applying heat to the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 5 and is typically composed of an air-refrigerant heat exchanger.
  • the flow path 10 a connects the compressor 2 and the radiator 3 so that the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 is supplied to the radiator 3.
  • the flow path 10 b connects the radiator 3 and the positive displacement fluid machine 4 so that the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 3 is supplied to the positive displacement fluid machine 4.
  • the flow path 10 c connects the positive displacement fluid machine 4 and the gas-liquid separator 5 so that the refrigerant discharged from the positive displacement fluid machine 4 is supplied to the vapor-liquid separator 5.
  • the flow path 10 d connects the gas-liquid separator 5 and the compressor 2 so that the gas refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 5 is supplied to the compressor 2.
  • the flow path 10 e connects the gas-liquid separator 5 and the evaporator 7 so that the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 5 is supplied to the evaporator 7.
  • the flow path 10f connects the evaporator 7 and the positive displacement fluid machine 4 so that the gas refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator 7 is supplied (injected) to the positive displacement fluid machine 4.
  • the cycle described in this specification can be formed by the components such as the compressor 2 and the flow paths 10a to 10f.
  • the channel 10f is referred to as an “injection channel 10f”.
  • the expansion valve 6 is provided on the flow path 10e connecting the gas-liquid separator 5 and the evaporator 7. According to the expansion valve 6, it is possible to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 5 and heated by the evaporator 7. Thereby, the refrigerant that has flowed out of the evaporator 7 can be smoothly sucked into the positive displacement fluid machine 4 through the injection flow path 10f.
  • the compressor 2 sucks the refrigerant and compresses the sucked refrigerant.
  • the compressed refrigerant is cooled by the radiator 3 while maintaining a high pressure.
  • the cooled refrigerant is decompressed to an intermediate pressure by the positive displacement fluid machine 4 and becomes a gas-liquid two-phase.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flows into the gas-liquid separator 5 and is separated into a gas refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant.
  • the gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 2.
  • the liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the expansion valve 6 and supplied to the evaporator 7. In the evaporator 7, the refrigerant is heated and evaporated.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator 7 is sucked into the positive displacement fluid machine 4 and preliminarily compressed to an intermediate pressure.
  • the gas refrigerant compressed to the intermediate pressure is again sucked into the compressor 2 through the gas-liquid separator 5.
  • Cycles identified in each of the above stages are equivalent to so-called “ejector cycles”.
  • An ejector cycle well known to those skilled in the art uses an “ejector” which is a type of non-displacement fluid machine.
  • a cycle equivalent to an ejector cycle can be constructed by using the positive displacement fluid machine 4.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the positive displacement fluid machine shown in FIG. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views of the positive displacement fluid machine taken along lines XX and YY, respectively.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 4 includes a sealed container 23, a shaft 15, an upper bearing 18, a first cylinder 11, a first piston 13, a first vane 20, an intermediate plate 25, a second cylinder 12, a second piston 14, and a second vane. 21 and a lower bearing 19.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 4 is configured as a two-stage rotary fluid machine. Each component such as a cylinder is accommodated in a sealed container 23.
  • the shaft 15 has a first eccentric portion 15a and a second eccentric portion 15b. Each of the first eccentric portion 15a and the second eccentric portion 15b protrudes outward in the radial direction.
  • the shaft 15 penetrates through the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 and is rotatably supported by an upper bearing 18 and a lower bearing 19.
  • the rotation axis of the shaft 15 coincides with each center of the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12.
  • the second cylinder 12 is arranged concentrically with respect to the first cylinder 11, and is separated from the first cylinder 11 by an intermediate plate 25.
  • the first cylinder 11 is closed by the upper bearing 18 and the middle plate 25, and the second cylinder 12 is closed by the middle plate 25 and the lower bearing 19.
  • the first piston 13 has a ring shape in a plan view, and the first piston 13 forms a crescent-shaped first space 16 between itself and the first cylinder 11. It is arranged in the cylinder 11. Inside the first cylinder 11, the first piston 13 is attached to the first eccentric portion 15 a of the shaft 15. A first vane groove 40 is formed in the first cylinder 11, and is attached to the first vane groove 40 so that the first vane 20 can slide. The first vane 20 partitions the first space 16 along the circumferential direction of the first piston 13. As a result, a first suction space 16 a and a first discharge space 16 b are formed inside the first cylinder 11.
  • the second piston 14 has a ring shape in plan view, and the second piston 14 forms a crescent-shaped second space 17 between itself and the second cylinder 12. It is arranged in the cylinder 12. Inside the second cylinder 12, the second piston 14 is attached to the second eccentric portion 15b of the shaft 15. A second vane groove 41 is formed in the second cylinder 12 and is attached to the second vane groove 41 so that the second vane 21 can slide. The second vane 21 partitions the second space 17 along the circumferential direction of the second piston 14. As a result, a second suction space 17 a and a second discharge space 17 b are formed inside the second cylinder 12.
  • the second space 17 has a volume larger than the volume of the first space 16.
  • the second cylinder 12 has a thickness that is greater than the thickness of the first cylinder 11.
  • the second cylinder 12 has an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the first cylinder 11. The dimensions of each component are appropriately adjusted so that the second space 17 has a volume larger than the volume of the first space 16.
  • the protruding direction of the first eccentric portion 15a coincides with the protruding direction of the second eccentric portion 15b.
  • the angular position where the first vane 20 is disposed coincides with the angular position where the second vane 21 is disposed. Therefore, the timing of the top dead center of the first piston 13 coincides with the timing of the top dead center of the second piston 14.
  • the “timing of the top dead center of the piston” means the timing at which the vane is pushed into the vane groove to the maximum by the piston.
  • a first spring 42 is disposed behind the first vane 20, and a second spring 43 is disposed behind the second vane 21.
  • the first spring 42 and the second spring 43 push the first vane 20 and the second vane 21 toward the center of the shaft 15, respectively.
  • Lubricating oil stored in the closed container 23 is supplied to the first vane groove 40 and the second vane groove 41.
  • the 1st piston 13 and the 1st vane 20 may be comprised by the single component, what is called a swing piston.
  • the first vane 20 may be engaged with the first piston 13. The same applies to the second piston 14 and the second vane 21.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 4 further includes a suction pipe 22, a suction port 24, a discharge pipe 26, a discharge port 27, an injection port 30, and an injection suction pipe 29.
  • the suction port 24 the refrigerant can be supplied to the first space 16 (specifically, the first suction space 16a).
  • the discharge port 27 the refrigerant can be discharged from the second space 17 (specifically, the second discharge space 17b).
  • a suction pipe 22 and a discharge pipe 26 are connected to the suction port 24 and the discharge port 27, respectively.
  • the suction pipe 22 constitutes a part of the flow path 10b in the refrigerant circuit 10 (FIG. 1).
  • the discharge pipe 26 constitutes a part of the flow path 10 c in the refrigerant circuit 10.
  • the discharge port 27 is provided with a discharge valve 28 (a check valve) that prevents the refrigerant from flowing backward from the flow path 10c to the second discharge space 17b.
  • the discharge valve 28 is typically a reed valve made of a thin metal plate. When the pressure in the second discharge space 17b exceeds the pressure inside the discharge pipe 26 (pressure in the flow path 10c), the discharge valve 28 opens. When the pressure in the second discharge space 17b is equal to or lower than the pressure inside the discharge pipe 26, the discharge valve 28 is closed.
  • the suction port 24 and the discharge port 27 are formed in the upper bearing 18 and the lower bearing 19, respectively.
  • the suction port 24 may be formed in the first cylinder 11, and the discharge port 19 may be formed in the second cylinder 12.
  • the middle plate 25 is provided with a communication hole 25a (communication flow path).
  • the communication hole 25a penetrates the intermediate plate 25 in the thickness direction.
  • the first discharge space 16b of the first cylinder 11 communicates with the second suction space 17a of the second cylinder 12 through the communication hole 25a.
  • the 1st discharge space 16b, the communicating hole 25a, and the 2nd suction space 17a can function as one working chamber. Since the volume of the second space 17 is larger than the volume of the first space 16, the refrigerant confined in the first discharge space 16b, the communication hole 25a, and the second suction space 17a expands while rotating the shaft 15. .
  • the “working chamber” is formed by the first space 16, the second space 17, and the communication hole 25a.
  • the working chamber expands the refrigerant by increasing the volume and compresses the refrigerant by decreasing the volume.
  • the first suction space 16a functions as a working chamber for sucking refrigerant
  • the first discharge space 16b, the communication hole 25a, and the second suction space 17a function as working chambers for expanding and overexpanding the refrigerant
  • the two discharge spaces 17b function as working chambers for recompressing and discharging the refrigerant.
  • the ratio (V2 / V1) of the volume V2 of the second space 17 to the volume V1 of the first space 16 indicates that the refrigerant sucked into the positive displacement fluid machine 4 is the first discharge space 16b, It is adjusted to a value that allows expansion and overexpansion in the working chamber constituted by the communication hole 25a and the second suction space 17a. That is, the volume V2 is much larger than the volume V1.
  • the volume ratio (V2 / V1) is the ratio of the refrigerant volume flow rate V SEP at the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 to the refrigerant volume flow rate V GC at the outlet of the radiator 3 (V SEP / V GC ). Is designed to be approximately equal to
  • the injection port 30 is formed at a position where the refrigerant can be supplied to the second suction space 17a. Specifically, an injection port 30 is formed in the second cylinder 12.
  • the injection port 30 is provided with a check valve 31 for preventing the refrigerant from flowing backward from the second suction space 17a or the second discharge space 17b to the injection flow path 10f.
  • the check valve 31 is typically a reed valve made of a thin metal plate.
  • the second cylinder 12 is provided with a recess 30a facing the second space 17.
  • the injection port 30 is open to the recess 30a, and a check valve 31 is fixed to the recess 30a so that the injection port 30 can be opened and closed.
  • the check valve 31 opens when the pressure in the second suction space 17a falls below the pressure inside the injection suction pipe 29 (pressure in the injection flow path 10f). When the pressure in the second suction space 17a is equal to or higher than the pressure in the injection suction pipe 29, the check valve 31 is closed.
  • the position where the second vane 21 is disposed (the position of the second vane groove 41) with respect to the rotation direction of the shaft 15 is defined as a “reference position” having an angle of 0 degrees. Since the position where the first vane 20 is arranged matches the position where the second vane 21 is arranged, the position where the first vane 20 is arranged also coincides with the reference position.
  • the injection port 30 is provided in a range of 45 to 135 degrees, for example. By providing the injection port 30 in such a range, it is possible to prevent high-pressure refrigerant from flowing directly from the suction port 24 to the injection port 30 through the clearance of the check valve 31.
  • the recovery power can be prevented from decreasing due to the expansion of the refrigerant in the recess 30a. This is because if the high-pressure suction refrigerant enters the concave portion 30a which is a dead volume and expands in the concave portion 30a, power cannot be recovered from the refrigerant expanded in the concave portion 30a.
  • the suction port 24 is provided in the range of 0 to 40 degrees, for example.
  • the communication hole 25a is provided, for example, in the range of 0 to 40 degrees when viewed from the second cylinder 12 side.
  • the discharge port 27 is provided in a range of 320 to 360 degrees, for example.
  • the injection port 30 is connected to the suction port 24 via the working chamber (the first space 16, the communication hole 25a, and the second space 17). It is provided in the position which does not communicate with. According to such a configuration, the recovery power can be prevented from decreasing due to the refrigerant expanding in the recess 30a.
  • the opening area of the suction port 24, the opening area of the injection port 30, and the opening area of the discharge port 27 should be appropriately designed in consideration of the flow rate (volume flow rate) of the refrigerant passing through each port.
  • the volume flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the injection flow path 10f is very large. That is, the volume flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the injection port 30 is very large.
  • the refrigerant passing through the suction port 24 is in a liquid phase (alternative chlorofluorocarbon) or a supercritical state (CO 2 ), its volume flow rate is relatively small. Therefore, it is desirable to make the opening area of the injection port 30 larger than the opening area of the suction port 24 from the viewpoint of reducing pressure loss.
  • FIG. 4 is an operation principle diagram of the positive displacement fluid machine.
  • the positions of the first piston 13 and the second piston 14 when the shaft 15 is rotated by 90 degrees are respectively shown in the upper left view, upper right view, lower right view, and lower left view of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the rotation angle of the shaft from the reference position and the volume of the working chamber.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the rotation angle of the shaft from the reference position and the pressure in the working chamber.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the pressure and volume of the working chamber (refrigerant pressure and volume).
  • line AB represents a change in the volume of the first suction space 16a in the suction stroke.
  • the suction stroke ends at the point B, and the volume V1 at the point B corresponds to the volume of the first space 16 of the first cylinder 11.
  • the suction stroke is indicated by a line AB.
  • the refrigerant sucked into the first suction space 16a in the suction stroke is a refrigerant cooled while maintaining a high pressure in the radiator 3, and has a suction pressure P1 (first pressure).
  • the first suction space 16a changes to the first discharge space 16b.
  • a second suction space 17a is newly created adjacent to the communication hole 25a.
  • the first discharge space 16b communicates with the second suction space 17a through the communication hole 25a.
  • the first discharge space 16b, the communication hole 25a, and the second suction space 17a form one working chamber that is not in communication with any of the suction port 24 and the discharge port 27.
  • the refrigerant expands to the discharge pressure P2 (second pressure) in the working chamber formed by the first discharge space 16b, the communication hole 25a, and the second suction space 17a (expansion stroke).
  • the amount of increase in the volume of the second suction space 17a when the shaft 15 rotates by a unit angle is very large compared to the amount of decrease in the volume of the first discharge space 16b. Therefore, the refrigerant expands rapidly, and the pressure of the refrigerant is lower than the discharge pressure P2 when the shaft 15 occupies a position of 450 degrees. As the shaft 15 rotates, the refrigerant overexpands to a pressure P3 (third pressure) lower than the discharge pressure P2 (overexpansion stroke).
  • the refrigerant releases pressure energy. Pressure energy released from the refrigerant is converted into torque of the shaft 15 via the pistons 13 and 14. That is, the positive displacement fluid machine 4 recovers power from the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant can be supplied to the second suction space 17a through the injection port 30.
  • the refrigerant overexpands and the pressure in the second suction space 17a falls below the pressure inside the injection suction pipe 29, that is, the evaporation pressure in the evaporator 7, the refrigerant overexpansion stops.
  • the refrigerant having the pressure P3 is supplied to the second suction space 17a through the injection port 30.
  • the supplied refrigerant is mixed with the overexpanded refrigerant (injection stroke).
  • the refrigerant having the pressure P3 continues to be supplied to the second suction space 17a through the injection port 30 until the rotation angle of the shaft 15 reaches 720 degrees.
  • the change in the volume of the first discharge space 16b in the expansion stroke, the overexpansion stroke, and the injection stroke is indicated by a broken line BI.
  • the change in the volume of the second suction space 17a is indicated by a broken line JE.
  • a change in the volume of the working chamber constituted by the first discharge space 16b, the communication hole 25a, and the second suction space 17a is indicated by a line BE.
  • the expansion stroke, the overexpansion stroke, and the injection stroke end at the point E, and the volume V2 at the point E corresponds to the volume of the second space 17 of the second cylinder 12.
  • the expansion stroke, the overexpansion stroke, and the injection stroke are indicated by a line BC, a line CD, and a line DE, respectively.
  • the pressure in the working chamber formed by the first discharge space 16b, the communication hole 25a, and the second suction space 17a decreases with the rotation of the shaft 15 from the pressure P1 at the start of the expansion stroke.
  • the ratio (V2 / V1) of the volume V2 of the second space 17 to the volume V1 of the first space 16 is very large. Therefore, if it is assumed that the injection port 30 does not exist, the pressure in the working chamber decreases along the broken line DH on the extension line of the line BCD even after the pressure in the evaporator 7 decreases to the refrigerant pressure P3.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 4 used in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 of the present embodiment has the injection port 30, when the pressure in the working chamber decreases to the pressure P3, the pressure flowing out from the evaporator 7 through the injection port 30.
  • the refrigerant of P3 is supplied to the second suction space 17a. Therefore, the pressure of the working chamber stops decreasing, and the refrigerant having the pressure P3 continues to be supplied to the working chamber until the volume of the working chamber reaches the volume V2 specified by the point E in FIG. Thereby, an expansion stroke, an overexpansion stroke, and an injection stroke are completed.
  • the second suction space 17a changes to the second discharge space 17b.
  • the discharge port 27 faces the second discharge space 17b.
  • the discharge port 27 is provided with the discharge valve 28. Therefore, the refrigerant is compressed in the second discharge space 17b until the pressure in the second discharge space 17b exceeds the pressure in the discharge pipe 26, that is, the suction pressure of the compressor 2 (recompression process).
  • the refrigerant compressed in the second discharge space 17 b includes a fraction sucked into the positive displacement fluid machine 4 through the suction port 24 and a fraction sucked into the positive displacement fluid machine 4 through the injection port 30. It is.
  • the pressure in the second suction space 17a is changed from the time when the first discharge space 16b and the second suction space 17a are communicated with each other through the communication hole 25a.
  • the pressure in the second discharge space 17b is changed to the pressure P2 (second pressure) of the flow path 10c from the time when the communication between the first discharge space 16b and the second suction space 17a through the communication hole 25a is cut off.
  • P2 second pressure
  • the discharge valve 28 opens.
  • the refrigerant is discharged from the second discharge space 17b to the discharge pipe 26 through the discharge port 27 (discharge process).
  • the shaft 15 rotates, the volume of the second discharge space 17b decreases.
  • the shaft 15 rotates to a position of 1080 degrees, the second discharge space 17b disappears. Thereby, the discharge stroke is completed.
  • the change in the volume of the second discharge space 17b in the recompression stroke and the discharge stroke is indicated by a line EG.
  • the recompression stroke and the discharge stroke are indicated by lines EF and FG, respectively.
  • the refrigerant pressure P3 is lower than the pressure P2 inside the discharge pipe 26.
  • the discharge valve 28 is closed.
  • the pressure is balanced before and after the discharge valve 28 to open the discharge valve 28, and the refrigerant having the pressure P2 is discharged from the second discharge space 17b to the discharge pipe 26.
  • the discharge stroke ends.
  • FIG. 7 is a PV diagram showing the relationship between the pressure and volume of the working chamber.
  • the suction stroke is indicated by line AB
  • the expansion stroke is indicated by line BC
  • the overexpansion stroke is indicated by line CD
  • the injection stroke is indicated by line DE
  • the recompression stroke is indicated by line EF
  • the discharge stroke is indicated by line FCG.
  • the energy that the positive displacement fluid machine 4 recovers from the refrigerant corresponds to the area of the region surrounded by the point ABCDLG
  • the work required to recompress the refrigerant after overexpansion is the area of the region surrounded by the point LDEFCG. Equivalent to.
  • the recovered energy, work required for recompression, and various losses are balanced.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 4 rotates autonomously without using a motor or the like. Since the area surrounded by the point CDLG is common to the recovered energy and the work required for recompression, it can be offset. Eventually, energy corresponding to the area of the region surrounded by the point ABCG is recovered from the refrigerant, and using the recovered energy, work corresponding to the area of the region surrounded by the point CDEF is performed on the refrigerant.
  • the expansion stroke, the overexpansion stroke, and the recompression stroke are performed as a series of strokes between the suction stroke and the discharge stroke. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, unlike the refrigeration cycle apparatus described in Patent Document 1, it is not necessary to separately provide an expander and a sub-compressor, and the positive displacement fluid machine 4 having a simple structure is used. Each of the above steps can be performed. The number of parts of the positive displacement fluid machine 4 is smaller than when the expander and the sub compressor are provided separately. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 can be suppressed.
  • the check valve 31 is provided in the injection port 30, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant from flowing backward from the second discharge space 17b to the injection port 30 in the recompression stroke and the discharge stroke. This contributes to improving the efficiency of the positive displacement fluid machine 4.
  • the check valve 31 prevents the refrigerant from flowing backward from the second discharge space 17 b to the injection port 30 during the period in which the shaft 15 rotates from the 720 degree position to the 810 degree position.
  • the discharge valve 28 is provided in the discharge port 27, the work for recompressing and discharging the refrigerant can be reduced.
  • the discharge valve 28 is not provided, the second discharge from the discharge pipe 26 (flow path 10c) at the moment when the discharge port 27 faces the second discharge space 17b after the rotation angle of the shaft 15 passes the position of 720 degrees.
  • the refrigerant flows back into the space 17b.
  • the recompression stroke and the discharge stroke are indicated by a line EKFG in FIG. 6 and a line EKFCG in FIG. That is, an extra work corresponding to the area of the region surrounded by the point EKF is required for recompression and ejection.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 4 has a two-stage rotary fluid machine structure.
  • the expansion stroke and the overexpansion stroke proceed in the working chamber constituted by the first discharge space 16b, the communication hole 25a and the second suction space 17a, and the recompression stroke and the discharge stroke proceed in the second discharge space 17b. That is, in the positive displacement fluid machine 4, the expansion stroke and the overexpansion stroke proceed simultaneously with the recompression stroke and the discharge stroke. Therefore, energy recovery from the refrigerant and compression work on the refrigerant can be performed simultaneously. When energy recovery and compression work are performed simultaneously, fluctuations in the rotational speed of the shaft 15 are reduced as compared with the case where these are performed alternately.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 4 can be operated stably, and noise and vibration of the positive displacement fluid machine 4 are also reduced. Further, when the circulation amount of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 10 is small, it is possible to prevent the shaft 15 from decelerating and stopping due to fluctuations in the rotation speed of the shaft 15.
  • the ratio (V2 / V1) of the volume V2 of the second space 17 to the volume V1 of the first space 16 is set at the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 with respect to the volume flow rate V GC of the refrigerant at the outlet of the radiator 3. It becomes easy to design near the ratio (V SEP / V GC ) of the refrigerant volume flow rate V SEP .
  • the refrigerant to be supplied to the injection port 30 of the positive displacement fluid machine 4 through the injection flow path 10f is a gas refrigerant.
  • the evaporator 7 receives heat from a low-temperature side heat source (for example, air) and injects the refrigerant after evaporating from liquid to gas into the positive displacement fluid machine 4. Since the work of compressing the refrigerant (liquid refrigerant) that does not contribute to the heat energy absorption from the low-temperature side heat source in the positive displacement fluid machine 4 is reduced, the COP of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is improved.
  • the opening degree of the expansion valve 6 (the expansion valve 45 in the second embodiment) is adjusted so that the refrigerant having a dryness of 1.0 or the superheated refrigerant (that is, only the gas refrigerant) is supplied to the injection port 30. It is preferable.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 of the present embodiment can be suitably used for a hot water heater or a hot water heater.
  • a hot water heater for the purpose of hot water supply and hot water heating, there is no need to switch between cooling and heating such as an air conditioner. That is, since components such as a four-way valve can be omitted, further cost reduction can be expected.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 When the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is used for a hot water heater or a hot water heater, there are the following advantages.
  • the water heater When hot water is stored in a tank using nighttime power, the water heater usually performs rated operation.
  • a hot water heater normally performs continuous operation. Since the temperature of the building becomes constant after a while after startup, the load of the hot water heater is stabilized.
  • the ratio of the volume flow rate of the refrigerant at the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 5 to the volume flow rate of the refrigerant at the outlet of the radiator 3 is substantially constant. Therefore, the ratio (V2 / V1) of the volume V2 of the second space 17 to the volume V1 of the first space 16 is easily matched with the ratio of the volume flow rate. Thereby, the effect of power recovery can be obtained more sufficiently.
  • the supercritical refrigerant represented by carbon dioxide has a large difference between high pressure and low pressure in the refrigeration cycle. Specifically, the difference between the suction pressure P1 and the discharge pressure P2 in the positive displacement fluid machine 4 is large. Therefore, the power that can be recovered by the positive displacement fluid machine 4 is also large. Therefore, carbon dioxide is suitable as a refrigerant for the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100.
  • the type of refrigerant is not particularly limited, and natural refrigerants other than carbon dioxide, alternative CFCs such as R410A, and low GWP (Global Warming Potent) refrigerants such as R1234yf can be used.
  • the recovered power can be used as part of the compression work. Since the difference between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure of the compressor 2 is reduced, the load on the compressor 2 is reduced and the COP of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is improved. However, there is a possibility that the positive displacement fluid machine 4 described in the present embodiment can be used for apparatuses other than the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
  • FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the second embodiment.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 includes a compressor 2, a radiator 3, a positive displacement fluid machine 44, an expansion valve 45 (pressure reducing valve), a first evaporator 46, and a second evaporator 47. These components are connected to each other by flow paths 50a to 50f so as to form a refrigerant circuit 50.
  • the compressor 2 and the radiator 3 are the same as those in the first embodiment, as can be understood from the fact that the same reference numerals are attached.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 44 has the same function as the positive displacement fluid machine 4 described in the first embodiment although there are structural differences.
  • the expansion valve 45 is a valve whose opening degree can be changed, for example, an electric expansion valve.
  • Each of the first evaporator 46 and the second evaporator 47 is a device for applying heat to the refrigerant, and typically includes an air-refrigerant heat exchanger.
  • the flow path 50 a connects the compressor 2 and the radiator 3 so that the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 is supplied to the radiator 3.
  • the flow path 50 b connects the radiator 3 and the positive displacement fluid machine 44 so that a part of the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 3 is supplied to the positive displacement fluid machine 44.
  • the flow path 50 c connects the positive displacement fluid machine 44 and the first evaporator 46 so that the refrigerant discharged from the positive displacement fluid machine 44 is supplied to the first evaporator 46.
  • the flow path 50 d connects the first evaporator 46 and the compressor 2 so that the refrigerant flowing out from the first evaporator 46 is supplied to the compressor 2.
  • the flow path 50 e connects the radiator 3 and the second evaporator 47 so that a part of the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 3 is supplied to the second evaporator 47.
  • the flow path 50e is a flow path (branch flow path) branched from the flow path 50b and is connected to the flow path 50b between the radiator 3 and the positive displacement fluid machine 44. And a downstream end connected to the second evaporator 47.
  • An expansion valve 45 is disposed on the flow path 50e. The refrigerant is decompressed by the expansion valve 45 and then flows into the second evaporator 47.
  • the flow path 50f connects the second evaporator 47 and the positive displacement fluid machine 44 so that the gas refrigerant flowing out of the second evaporator 47 is supplied (injected) to the positive displacement fluid machine 44.
  • the first evaporator 46 and the second evaporator 47 are arranged on the flow path of the heat medium so that the heat medium (for example, air) cooled by the first evaporator 46 is further cooled by the second evaporator 47. ing.
  • the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 8 is the flow direction of the heat medium.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant in the first evaporator 46 is higher than the temperature of the refrigerant in the second evaporator 47. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, when the first evaporator 46 is arranged upstream of the flow path of the heat medium and the second evaporator 47 is arranged downstream, the heat medium (air), the refrigerant, As if to form a counter flow.
  • the compressor 2 sucks the refrigerant and compresses the sucked refrigerant.
  • the compressed refrigerant is cooled by the radiator 3 while maintaining a high pressure.
  • the cooled refrigerant flows through the two flow paths 50b and 50e.
  • a part of the cooled refrigerant is sucked into the positive displacement fluid machine 44 through the flow path 50b.
  • the refrigerant sucked into the positive displacement fluid machine 44 is decompressed to an intermediate pressure by the positive displacement fluid machine 44 and becomes a gas-liquid two-phase.
  • the refrigerant discharged from the positive displacement fluid machine 44 flows into the first evaporator 46 through the flow path 50c.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the first evaporator 46 is heated by the first evaporator 46 and then sucked into the compressor 2 through the flow path 50d.
  • the remaining portion of the refrigerant cooled by the radiator 3 is decompressed by the expansion valve 45 and changed into a gas-liquid two-phase, and then supplied to the second evaporator 47 through the flow path 50e.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the second evaporator 47 is heated by the second evaporator 47, and then supplied (injected) to the positive displacement fluid machine 44 through the injection flow path 50f.
  • FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the positive displacement fluid machine 44 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the positive displacement fluid machine taken along the line Z-Z.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 44 includes a sealed container 59, a shaft 53, an upper bearing 55, a cylinder 51, a piston 52, a vane 57, and a lower bearing 56.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 44 is configured as a single-stage rotary fluid machine.
  • the shaft 53 has an eccentric portion 53a protruding outward in the radial direction.
  • the shaft 53 passes through the cylinder 51 and is rotatably supported by an upper bearing 55 and a lower bearing 56.
  • the rotation axis of the shaft 53 coincides with the center of the cylinder 51.
  • the cylinder 51 is closed by the upper bearing 55 and the lower bearing 56.
  • the piston 52 has a ring shape in plan view, and is disposed in the cylinder 51 so as to form a crescent-shaped space 54 between itself and the cylinder 51.
  • a piston 52 is attached to an eccentric portion 53a of the shaft 53.
  • a vane groove 68 is formed in the cylinder 51, and the vane 57 is attached to the vane groove 68 so as to be slidable.
  • the vane 57 partitions the space 54 along the circumferential direction of the piston 52.
  • a spring 69 is disposed behind the vane 57.
  • the spring 69 pushes the vane 57 toward the center of the shaft 53.
  • Lubricating oil stored in the closed container 59 is supplied to the vane groove 68.
  • the piston 52 and the vane 57 may be configured by a single component, a so-called swing piston. Further, the vane 57 may be engaged with the piston 52.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 44 further includes a suction pipe 58, a suction port 60, a discharge pipe 62, a discharge port 63, an injection port 67, and an injection suction pipe 65.
  • the refrigerant can be supplied to the space 54 (specifically, the suction space 54a) through the suction port 60.
  • the discharge port 63 the refrigerant can be discharged from the space 54 (specifically, the discharge space 54b).
  • a suction pipe 58 and a discharge pipe 62 are connected to the suction port 60 and the discharge port 63, respectively.
  • the suction pipe 58 constitutes a part of the flow path 50b in the refrigerant circuit 50 (FIG. 8).
  • the discharge pipe 62 constitutes a part of the flow path 50 c in the refrigerant circuit 50.
  • the discharge port 63 is provided with a discharge valve 64 (a check valve) that prevents the refrigerant from flowing backward from the flow path 50c to the discharge space 54b.
  • the discharge valve 64 is typically a reed valve made of a thin metal plate. When the pressure in the discharge space 54b exceeds the pressure inside the discharge pipe 62 (pressure in the flow path 50c), the discharge valve 64 opens. When the pressure in the discharge space 54b is equal to or lower than the pressure inside the discharge pipe 62, the discharge valve 64 is closed.
  • the suction port 60 and the discharge port 63 are formed in the upper bearing 55 and the lower bearing 56, respectively. However, the suction port 60 and the discharge port 63 may each be formed in the cylinder 51.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 44 further includes a suction mechanism 61 that controls the timing at which the refrigerant flows into the space 54 of the cylinder 51 through the suction port 60.
  • the suction mechanism 61 is configured by a solenoid valve including a suction valve 61a and a solenoid 61b. By switching on and off the applied voltage of the solenoid 61b, the opening and closing of the intake valve 61a can be controlled.
  • the injection port 67 is formed in the cylinder 51 so that the refrigerant can be supplied to the suction space 54a.
  • the injection port 67 is provided with a check valve 66 that prevents the refrigerant from flowing backward from the suction space 54a or the discharge space 54b to the injection flow path 50f.
  • the detailed structures of the injection port 67 and the check valve 66 are as described in the first embodiment.
  • the position where the vane 57 is disposed (the position of the vane groove 68) is defined as a “reference position” having an angle of 0 degrees.
  • the injection port 67 is provided in the range of 90 to 180 degrees, for example.
  • the suction port 60 and the discharge port 63 are provided at positions adjacent to the vane 57.
  • the suction space 54a functions as a working chamber for sucking, expanding and overexpanding the refrigerant.
  • the discharge space 54b functions as a working chamber for recompressing and discharging the refrigerant.
  • FIG. 11 is an operation principle diagram of the positive displacement fluid machine.
  • the suction valve 61a opens when the rotation angle of the shaft 53 is in the range of 0 to 90 degrees, and thereafter repeats opening and closing with 360 degrees as one cycle.
  • the suction valve 61a When the suction valve 61a is closed, the refrigerant expands to the discharge pressure P2 in the suction space 54a (expansion stroke). As the shaft 53 rotates, the refrigerant overexpands to a pressure P3 lower than the discharge pressure P2 (overexpansion stroke). In the expansion stroke and the overexpansion stroke, the positive displacement fluid machine 44 recovers power from the refrigerant.
  • the expansion stroke and the overexpansion stroke are indicated by a line BCD.
  • the refrigerant can be supplied to the suction space 54a through the injection port 67.
  • the refrigerant overexpands and the pressure in the suction space 54a falls below the pressure inside the injection suction pipe 65, that is, the evaporation pressure in the second evaporator 47, the refrigerant overexpansion stops.
  • the refrigerant having the pressure P3 is supplied to the suction space 54a through the injection port 67.
  • the supplied refrigerant is mixed with the overexpanded refrigerant (injection stroke).
  • the refrigerant having the pressure P3 is continuously supplied to the suction space 54a through the injection port 67.
  • the injection stroke is indicated by a line DE.
  • the volume V1 of the working chamber (suction space 54a) at the end of the suction stroke is defined by the rotation angle of the shaft 53 at the moment when the suction valve 61a is closed.
  • the ratio (V2 / V1) of the volume V2 at the end of the injection stroke to the volume V1 at the end of the suction stroke is the first ratio to the volume flow rate V GC of the refrigerant at the outlet of the radiator 3. It is approximately equal to the ratio of the volume flow rate V EVA of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator 46 (V EVA / V GC ).
  • the volume ratio (V2 / V1) can also be calculated from the ratio of the pressure P3 of the working chamber (space 54) at the end of the injection stroke to the pressure P1 of the working chamber (space 54) at the end of the suction stroke. It is designed to be sufficiently larger than the ratio.
  • the suction space 54a changes to the discharge space 54b.
  • the discharge port 63 faces the discharge space 54b.
  • the discharge port 63 is provided with the discharge valve 64. Therefore, the refrigerant is compressed in the discharge space 54b until the pressure in the discharge space 54b exceeds the pressure inside the discharge pipe 62, that is, the suction pressure of the compressor 2 (recompression process).
  • the discharge valve 64 opens.
  • the refrigerant is discharged from the discharge space 54b to the discharge pipe 62 through the discharge port 63 (discharge process).
  • the shaft 53 rotates, the volume of the discharge space 54b decreases.
  • the discharge space 54b disappears. Thereby, the discharge stroke is completed.
  • the recompression stroke and the discharge stroke are indicated by lines EF and FG, respectively.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 44 employs the structure of a single-stage rotary fluid machine having only one cylinder and one piston. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the number of parts of the positive displacement fluid machine 44 can be reduced, the positive displacement fluid machine 44 can be reduced in size, and the cost of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 can be reduced.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 4 described in the first embodiment may be used in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 in place of the positive displacement fluid machine 44.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine 44 may be used in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 of the first embodiment.
  • the positive displacement fluid machine other types, for example, a scroll fluid machine may be used.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present invention can be used for a water heater, a hot water heater, an air conditioner, and the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de cycle de réfrigération (100) comportant un compresseur (2), un radiateur à chaleur (3), une machine de fluide à déplacement direct (4), un évaporateur (7), et un passage d'injection (10f). La machine de fluide à déplacement direct (4) effectue (i) un processus à des fins d'aspiration d'un frigorigène à une première pression, (ii) un processus à des fins de détente du frigorigène aspiré de manière à avoir une seconde pression inférieure à la première pression et à des fins de surdétente du frigorigène détendu de manière à avoir une troisième pression inférieure à la seconde pression, (iii) un processus à des fins d'alimentation du frigorigène ayant la troisième pression jusqu'à une chambre de fonctionnement par le biais d'un orifice d'injection (30), et à des fins de mélange du frigorigène alimenté et du frigorigène surdétendu, (iv) un processus permettant de comprimer à nouveau le frigorigène mélangé de sorte que le frigorigène mélangé a la seconde pression, en utilisant la puissance collectée dans le frigorigène lors du processus (ii), et (v) un processus à des fins de décharge du frigorigène comprimé.
PCT/JP2011/003536 2010-06-23 2011-06-21 Appareil de cycle de réfrigération Ceased WO2011161953A1 (fr)

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CN2011800035448A CN102549355A (zh) 2010-06-23 2011-06-21 冷冻循环装置
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JP2004325019A (ja) 2003-04-28 2004-11-18 Hitachi Ltd 膨張機を備えた冷凍装置
JP2005300031A (ja) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 冷凍サイクル装置およびその制御方法
JP2006046257A (ja) 2004-08-06 2006-02-16 Daikin Ind Ltd 膨張機
JP2006308166A (ja) * 2005-04-27 2006-11-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍サイクル装置
JP2010116927A (ja) * 2008-03-12 2010-05-27 Denso Corp エジェクタ

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JP4042637B2 (ja) * 2003-06-18 2008-02-06 株式会社デンソー エジェクタサイクル
JP2006071174A (ja) * 2004-09-01 2006-03-16 Daikin Ind Ltd 冷凍装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004251558A (ja) * 2003-02-20 2004-09-09 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 冷凍サイクル装置とその制御方法
JP2004325019A (ja) 2003-04-28 2004-11-18 Hitachi Ltd 膨張機を備えた冷凍装置
JP2005300031A (ja) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 冷凍サイクル装置およびその制御方法
JP2006046257A (ja) 2004-08-06 2006-02-16 Daikin Ind Ltd 膨張機
JP2006308166A (ja) * 2005-04-27 2006-11-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍サイクル装置
JP2010116927A (ja) * 2008-03-12 2010-05-27 Denso Corp エジェクタ

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