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WO2011144050A1 - 血液透析系统 - Google Patents

血液透析系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011144050A1
WO2011144050A1 PCT/CN2011/074368 CN2011074368W WO2011144050A1 WO 2011144050 A1 WO2011144050 A1 WO 2011144050A1 CN 2011074368 W CN2011074368 W CN 2011074368W WO 2011144050 A1 WO2011144050 A1 WO 2011144050A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
inlet
joint
outlet
waste liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2011/074368
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高光勇
沈洪
甘华
任应祥
李昔华
刘智勇
罗自宜
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chongqing Shanwaishan Science & Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Chongqing Shanwaishan Science & Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chongqing Shanwaishan Science & Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Chongqing Shanwaishan Science & Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2011144050A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011144050A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/1658Degasification
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/1668Details of containers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a medical device, and more particularly to a hemodialysis system.
  • Hemodialysis is one of the most widely used treatments in the field of blood purification. Hemodialysis uses the principle of diffusion and ultrafiltration to introduce the patient's blood and dialysate into the dialyzer at the same time. It flows in the opposite direction on the inner and outer sides of the dialysis membrane, and passes the solute concentration gradient, the osmotic gradient and the water pressure gradient on the inner and outer sides of the membrane. The diffusion effect balances the concentration on both sides, removes the metabolic waste and excess water in the human body, and at the same time replenishes the required substances and corrects the electrolyte and acid-base balance disorder.
  • Existing hemodialysis equipment generally consists of hemodialyzer, pipeline, capacity balance and ultrafiltration device, A concentrate pump, A concentrate connector, B concentrate pump, B concentrate connector, water supply connector, drain connector
  • the waste liquid tank and the control circuit are composed of the following deficiencies:
  • the degassing gear pump is used both as degassing and pushes the balance chamber diaphragm.
  • the speed control of the gear pump is difficult, the running pressure of the whole waterway is high, and the service life of the waterway components is short.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a hemodialysis system which has a good degassing effect and can effectively reduce the operating pressure of the waterway of the whole machine.
  • the hemodialysis system of the present invention comprises a hemodialyzer, a volume balance and ultrafiltration device, a dialysate line system and a waste liquid line system, and further comprises a degassing system, the degassing system comprising a water inlet tank, a first gear a pump and a separation tank, wherein the water inlet reverse water outlet is connected to the first gear pump reverse osmosis water inlet through a throttle member, and the first gear pump reverse osmosis water outlet is connected to the separation tank reverse osmosis water inlet through a heater, the separation tank has no The gas reverse osmosis water outlet is integrated into the dialysate pipeline system, and the separation tank water gas mixed outlet is connected to the water inlet water and gas mixing inlet;
  • the water inlet tank is located at a high point and is provided with an exhaust port and is provided with a reverse osmosis water inlet.
  • the waste liquid pipeline system is provided with a waste liquid tank, and the waste liquid tank is provided with an exhaust port, a waste liquid inlet connected to the hemodialyzer, and a waste liquid outlet connected with the capacity balance and the ultrafiltration device, and waste
  • the liquid tank exhaust port is connected in parallel with the throttle member to the first gear pump reverse osmosis water inlet.
  • the reverse osmosis water inlet of the water inlet tank is connected to a water supply end joint through a pipeline
  • the reverse osmosis water outlet of the water inlet tank is provided with a liquid outlet joint and is connected to the inlet of the throttle member through a pipeline
  • the throttle member The outlet of the first gear pump is connected to the inlet of the first gear pump through a pipeline, and the reverse water outlet of the first gear pump is connected to the inlet joint of the reverse tank water inlet of the separation tank through the pipeline series heater, and the first tank water gas mixing outlet is set first.
  • the liquid outlet joint is connected with a return joint provided by the water inlet and outlet of the water inlet tank through a pipeline, and an exhaust joint connected to the exhaust port is disposed at a top of the water inlet tank;
  • the dialysate line system comprises an A concentrate pump, an A concentrate connector, a B concentrate pump, a B concentrate connector, the volume balance and the dialysate outlet connector d of the ultrafiltration device pass through the line and the hemodialyzer
  • the first joint of the dialysate side is connected, and the second joint of the dialysate side of the hemodialyzer is connected with the inlet joint provided by the waste liquid inlet of the waste liquid tank, and the liquid outlet of the waste liquid outlet of the waste liquid tank is connected through the pipeline
  • the capacity balance and the waste liquid inlet of the ultrafiltration device are connected, the capacity balance and the waste liquid outlet of the ultrafiltration device are connected to the liquid discharge end joint provided by the waste liquid pipeline system through the pipeline;
  • the separation tank airless reverse osmosis water outlet is provided with a second liquid outlet joint and is connected with the first end of the first three-way pipe, the second end of the first three-way pipe is connected in series with the A concentrate pump and the A concentrate connector Connected, the third end of the first tee is connected to the first end of the second tee, and the second end of the second tee is connected in series with the B concentrate pump and connected to the B concentrate, the second tee The third end is connected to one end of the conductivity monitor, The other end of the conductivity monitor is connected to the capacity balance and the dialysate inlet of the ultrafiltration device through a pipeline; further comprising a control circuit, the A concentrate pump, the B concentrate pump, the capacity balance and the ultrafiltration device The first gear pump, the heater and the conductance monitor are all controlled by a control circuit;
  • the water supply end connector is connected to the liquid inlet of the water inlet tank through the first solenoid valve in series, and the first liquid level sensor, the first liquid level sensor and the first electromagnetic valve are disposed in the water inlet tank All are connected to the control circuit through wires;
  • the volume balance and the dialysate outlet joint d of the ultrafiltration device are connected to the first end of the third tee, and the second end of the third tee is connected to the hemodialyzer after the second solenoid valve is connected in series
  • the liquid side first joint is connected, the third end of the third three-way pipe is connected to one end of the third electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the third electromagnetic wide is connected with the first end of the fourth three-way pipe, the fourth three-way pipe
  • the second end of the fourth three-way pipe is connected to the liquid inlet of the waste liquid tank, and the third end of the fourth three-way pipe is connected to the second joint of the dialysate side of the hemodialyzer, and the second electromagnetic valve is
  • the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are both connected to the control circuit through wires;
  • the outlet of the throttle member is connected to the first end of the fifth tee
  • the second end of the fifth tee is connected to the inlet of the first gear pump
  • the fifth electromagnetic wide is connected in series with the exhaust pipe of the waste liquid pipe, and a second liquid level sensor is disposed in the waste liquid pipe, and the second liquid level sensor and the fifth electromagnetic valve are connected to the control circuit through wires.
  • the reverse osmosis water enters the water inlet tank through the water supply end joint and the pipeline, and the reverse osmosis water in the water inlet tank is sequentially passed through the throttling member, the first gear pump, the heater, After the tank is separated, the first liquid outlet joint of the separation tank is returned to the water inlet tank to form a circulation.
  • the reverse osmosis water is continuously degassed and heated. Since the gas is light, the bubbles separated by the throttling member and Part of the liquid is returned to the water inlet tank from the first liquid outlet of the separation tank, and the gas is discharged through the upper vent connection of the water inlet tank.
  • the throttle member is provided with a small fine hole.
  • a large negative pressure is generated in front of the first gear pump, and the negative pressure causes the dissolved microbubbles in the reverse osmosis water to become continuous.
  • the large bubbles are then discharged through the circulation line in the water inlet tank.
  • the lower part of the separation tank is a non-bubble and heated reverse osmosis water, and is mixed with a B concentrate which is sucked into the A concentrate and the B concentrate pump by the A concentrate pump to form a dialysate in a certain ratio, and passes through the conductivity monitor.
  • the dialysate enters the dialysate inlet fitting of the capacity balance and ultrafiltration unit.
  • the dialysate enters the first membrane outer joint of the hemodialyzer from the capacity balance and the dialysate outlet of the ultrafiltration device, and then the dialysate is exchanged with the blood for substance and moisture, and then exits from the second membrane outer joint to the waste.
  • the waste liquid enters the waste balance inlet of the capacity balance and ultrafiltration device from the liquid outlet of the waste liquid tank, and then exits from the waste liquid outlet joint of the capacity balance and ultrafiltration device from the liquid discharge end joint. discharge.
  • the capacity balance and ultrafiltration device through the eight solenoid valves and equipped monitors, under the control circuit, can ensure that the amount of dialysate and waste liquid through the device is strictly equal.
  • the control of the control circuit realizes the control of the dialysate flow and the ultrafiltration dehydration from the human blood.
  • the water supply end connector is connected to the liquid inlet of the water inlet tank through the first solenoid valve in series, and the first liquid level sensor is disposed in the water inlet tank, and the first liquid level sensor and the first electromagnetic width pass through The wires are connected to the control circuit.
  • the first liquid level sensor transmits a signal to the control circuit, and the control circuit closes the first electromagnetic valve; on the contrary, when the liquid level in the water inlet tank drops to a certain height
  • the control circuit will open the first solenoid valve into the water until the liquid level of the water inlet tank rises to a certain height and then close the first solenoid valve, which can effectively prevent the liquid in the water inlet tank from being too much or too little, thereby ensuring the water passage can operate normally.
  • the volume balance and the dialysate outlet of the ultrafiltration device are connected to the first end of the third tee, the second end of the third tee is connected in series with the second solenoid valve and the dialysate side of the hemodialyzer a joint connection, the third end of the third tee is connected to one end of the third solenoid valve, the other end of the third electromagnetic wide is connected to the first end of the fourth tee, and the second end of the fourth tee The end is connected with the liquid inlet of the waste liquid tank, and the third end of the fourth three-way pipe is connected in series with the second electromagnetic valve of the hemodialyzer, and the second electromagnetic wide and third electromagnetic Both the wide and fourth solenoid valves are connected to the control circuit via wires.
  • the second electromagnetic wide and the fourth electromagnetic wide are all in an open state, and the third electromagnetic valve is in a closed state, and the treatment is normal;
  • the second solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are immediately closed, and the third solenoid valve is simultaneously opened, so that the abnormal dialysate does not enter the hemodialyzer, and the bypass flow directly flows to the waste liquid tank, ensuring The treatment is safe.
  • the outlet of the throttle member is connected to the first end of the fifth three-way pipe, the second end of the fifth three-way pipe is connected to the inlet of the first gear pump, and the third end of the fifth three-way pipe is connected in series with the fifth
  • the electromagnet is connected to the exhaust pipe of the waste liquid pipe, and a second liquid level sensor is disposed in the waste liquid pipe, and the second liquid level sensor and the fifth electromagnetic valve are connected to the control circuit through the wire.
  • the second liquid level sensor When there is more gas in the waste liquid tank and the liquid level is lower, the second liquid level sensor will transmit a signal to the control circuit, and the control circuit opens the fifth electromagnetic wide, because the negative pressure of the first gear pump is large, so it can be very The gas in the waste tank is quickly discharged to the first gear pump, and then the liquid level in the waste tank is raised until the control circuit closes the fifth solenoid valve.
  • the first gear pump is only used as degassing and reverse osmosis water circulation heating.
  • the capacity balance and ultrafiltration device balance chamber inlet and waste liquid diaphragm are driven by two other special gear pumps, the gear pump speed.
  • the control is easy, the running water pressure of the whole machine is low, and the waterway components have a long service life.
  • the special first gear pump is used to circulate and deaerate the reverse osmosis water, and the degassing effect is good. Even if a good degassing effect is achieved, a large degassing negative pressure is not required, and the running noise is small.
  • the abnormal dialysate can be automatically introduced into the waste tank without entering the dialyzer and blood contact, thus ensuring the safety of the treatment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a system of the present invention.
  • the hemodialysis system of the present embodiment includes a hemodialyzer 1, a volume balance and ultrafiltration device 2, a dialysate pipeline system, and a waste liquid pipeline system
  • the utility model is characterized in that: further comprising a degassing system, the degassing system comprises a water inlet tank 12, a first gear pump 14 and a separation tank 16, the reverse water outlet of the water inlet tank 12 is connected to the reverse osmosis water inlet of the first gear pump 14 through the throttle member 13, and the reverse osmosis water outlet of the first gear pump 14 is connected to the reverse osmosis water inlet of the separation tank 16 through the heater 15.
  • the separation tank 16 airless reverse osmosis water outlet is integrated into the dialysate pipeline system, and the separation tank 16 water gas mixing outlet is connected to the water inlet tank 12 water gas mixing inlet;
  • the water inlet tank 12 is located at a high point and is provided with an exhaust port and is provided with a reverse osmosis water inlet.
  • the waste liquid pipeline system is provided with a waste liquid tank 5, and the waste liquid tank 5 is provided with an exhaust port, a waste liquid inlet connected with the hemodialyzer 1, and a capacity balance and ultrafiltration device 2
  • the connected waste liquid outlet, the waste liquid tank 5 exhaust port and the throttle member 13 are connected in parallel with the first gear pump 14 to reverse the water inlet.
  • the reverse osmosis water inlet of the water inlet tank 12 is connected to a water supply end joint 3 through a pipeline, and the reverse osmosis water outlet of the water inlet tank 12 is provided with a liquid outlet joint and passes through the pipeline and the inlet of the throttle member 13 Connecting, the outlet of the throttle member 13 is connected to the inlet of the first gear pump 14 through a pipeline, and the first gear pump 14 reverses the water outlet through the pipeline series heater 15 and is connected to the separation tank 16 to provide a liquid inlet joint Connecting, separating tank 16 water gas mixing outlet is provided with a first liquid discharging joint and is connected with a return joint provided by the water gas mixing inlet of the water inlet tank 12 through a pipeline, and a row connected to the exhaust port is arranged at the top of the water inlet tank 12 Gas joint 17;
  • the dialysate line system comprises an A concentrate pump 6, an A concentrate connector 7, a B concentrate pump 8, a B concentrate connector 9, the volume balance and the dialysate outlet connector 2d of the ultrafiltration device 2 pass through the pipeline
  • the second joint of the dialysate side of the hemodialyzer 1 is connected to the liquid inlet of the waste liquid inlet of the waste liquid tank 5 through a pipeline, and the waste liquid outlet of the waste liquid tank 5
  • the set liquid outlet joint is connected with the capacity balance and the waste liquid inlet joint 2b of the ultrafiltration device 2 through the pipeline, and the capacity balance and the waste liquid outlet joint 2c of the ultrafiltration device 2 are arranged through the pipeline and the waste liquid pipeline system.
  • the liquid end connector 4 is connected; the gas-free reverse water outlet of the separation tank 16 is provided with a second liquid outlet joint and is connected to the first end of the first tee pipe 18, and the second end of the first tee pipe 18 is connected in series A.
  • the concentrate pump 6 is connected to the A concentrate connector 7, the third end of the first tee 18 is connected to the first end of the second tee 19, and the second end of the second tee 19 is connected in series B.
  • the liquid shrink pump 8 is connected to the B concentrated liquid joint 9, and the third end of the second three-way pipe 19 is connected to one end of the conductance monitor 20.
  • the other end of the conductivity monitor 20 through the line and the capacity balance
  • the dialysate inlet joint 2a of the ultrafiltration device 2 is connected to each other.
  • control circuit is further included, and the A concentrated liquid pump 6, the B concentrated liquid pump 8, the capacity balance and ultrafiltration device 2, the first gear pump 14, the heater 15 and the conductance monitor 20 all pass the control circuit. 10 for control.
  • the water supply end joint 3 is connected to one end of the pipeline, the other end of the pipeline is connected to the inlet of the first solenoid valve 11, and the outlet of the first solenoid valve 11 passes through the pipeline and the bottom of the water inlet tank 12.
  • the inlet connector is connected.
  • the outlet joint of the middle portion of the water inlet tank 12 is connected to the inlet of the throttle member 13 through a pipeline.
  • the throttle member 13 is a prior art, and the structure thereof will not be described herein.
  • the outlet of the throttle member 13 is fifth.
  • the first end of the three-way pipe 27 is connected, the second end of the fifth three-way pipe 27 is connected to the inlet of the first gear pump 14, and the third end of the fifth three-way pipe 27 is connected to the outlet of the fifth electromagnetic wide 28
  • the inlet of the fifth electromagnetic wide 28 is connected to the exhaust joint at the top of the waste liquid pipe 5 through a pipeline.
  • the outlet of the first gear pump 14 is connected to the inlet of the heater 15 through a pipe, and the outlet of the heater 15 is connected to the inlet of the upper portion of the separation tank 16 through a pipe, and the top of the tank 16 is separated.
  • the first liquid outlet joint is connected to the return joint in the middle of the water inlet tank 12 through a pipeline, and an exhaust joint 17 is disposed at the top of the water inlet tank 12, and the inner chamber of the water inlet tank 12 passes through the exhaust joint 17 directly to the atmosphere. The same.
  • a second liquid outlet joint at the bottom of the separation tank 16 is connected to the first end of the first three-way pipe 18, and a second end of the first three-way pipe 18 is connected to the outlet of the A concentrate pump 6, the A thick
  • the inlet of the liquid shrinkage pump 6 is connected to the A concentrated liquid joint 7 through a pipe.
  • the third end of the first three-way pipe 18 is connected to the first end of the second three-way pipe 19, and the second end of the second three-way pipe 19 is connected.
  • the end is connected to the outlet of the B concentrated liquid pump 8, and the inlet of the B concentrated liquid pump 8 is connected to the B concentrated liquid joint 9 through a pipeline, and the third end of the second three-way pipe 19 and the conductance monitor 20 Connected at one end, the other end of the conductance monitor 20 is connected to the volume balance and dialysate inlet joint 2a of the ultrafiltration device 2 via a line.
  • the dialysate outlet joint 2d of the capacity balance and ultrafiltration device 2 is connected to the first end of the third tee tube 22, the second end of the third tee tube 22 and the second electromagnetic width 23
  • the inlet is connected, the outlet of the second electromagnetic shaft 23 is connected to the first joint of the dialysate side of the hemodialyzer 1 through a pipeline, and the third end of the third tee tube 22 is connected to one end of the third electromagnetic wide 24, and the third The other end of the electromagnetic wide 24 and the fourth
  • the first end of the tee tube 25 is connected, the second end of the fourth tee tube 25 is connected to the liquid inlet joint of the middle portion of the waste liquid tank 5, the third end of the fourth three-way tube 25 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 26
  • the outlet is connected, and the inlet of the fourth electromagnetic width 26 is connected to the second connector on the dialysate side of the hemodialyzer 1.
  • the liquid outlet joint at the bottom of the waste liquid tank 5 is connected to the capacity balance and the waste liquid inlet joint 2b of the ultrafiltration device 2 through a pipeline, and the capacity balance and the waste liquid outlet joint 2c of the ultrafiltration device 2 pass through the pipeline and drain.
  • the terminal fittings 4 are connected.
  • the capacity balancing and ultrafiltration device 2 adopts the structure disclosed in ZL 200610054252. 8 on December 6, 2006, and details are not described herein.
  • a first level sensor 21 is disposed in the water inlet tank 12, and a second level sensor 29 is disposed in the waste tube 5.
  • the B concentrated liquid pump 8, the capacity balance and ultrafiltration device 2, the first gear pump 14, the heater 15 and the conductance monitor 20 are electrically connected to the control circuit 10 through wires, and the control circuit 10 controls the operation of each part.
  • the reverse osmosis water enters the water inlet tank 12 through the water supply end joint 3 and the pipeline.
  • the first liquid level sensor 21 transmits a signal to the control circuit 10, and the control circuit 10 makes the first A solenoid valve 11 is closed; conversely, when the liquid level in the water inlet tank 12 drops to a certain height, the control circuit 10 causes the first electromagnetic wide 11 to open the water until the liquid level of the water inlet tank 12 rises to a certain height.
  • the back 11 is closed again; and the reverse osmosis water in the water inlet tank 12 is sequentially passed through the throttle member 13, the first gear pump 14, the heater 15, the separation tank 16, and then from the separation tank.
  • the first liquid outlet joint at the top of the 16 is returned to the water inlet tank 12 to form a circulation.
  • the reverse osmosis water is continuously degassed and heated. Since the gas is light, the bubbles and part of the liquid separated by the throttle member 13 will be removed from
  • the first liquid discharge joint of the separation tank 16 is returned to the water inlet tank 12, and the gas is discharged through the upper exhaust joint 17 of the water inlet tank 12.
  • the throttle member 13 is provided with a small fine hole.
  • a large negative pressure is generated in front of the first gear pump 14, and the negative pressure is a microbubble dissolved in the reverse osmosis water. It becomes a continuous large bubble and is discharged through the above-described circulation line in the water inlet tank 12.
  • the lower part of the separation tank 16 is a bubble-free and heated reverse osmosis water, and flows through the first three-way pipe 18 and the second three-way pipe 19 to the conductance monitor 20, at which time the A concentrate pump 6 draws in the A concentrate.
  • the B concentrated liquid inhaled by the B concentrated liquid pump 8 is mixed with the reverse osmosis water to form a dialysate, and the conductivity monitor 20 monitors whether the configured dialysate satisfies the use requirement, and then the dialysate enters the capacity balance and ultrafiltration device 2 Dialysate inlet 2a connector.
  • the dialysate enters the first membrane outer joint of the hemodialyzer 1 from the volume balance and the dialysate outlet joint 2d of the ultrafiltration device 2, and then the dialysate is exchanged with the blood for substance and moisture, and then from the second membrane outer joint.
  • the waste liquid Exiting into the waste liquid tank 5, the waste liquid enters the waste balance inlet and the waste liquid inlet joint 2b of the ultrafiltration device 2 from the liquid discharge joint of the waste liquid tank 5, and then the waste liquid from the capacity balance and ultrafiltration device 2
  • the outlet joint 2c comes out and is discharged from the liquid discharge end joint 4.
  • the capacity balance and ultrafiltration device 2 through the eight solenoid valves and equipped monitors, ensures that the amount of dialysate and waste liquid passing through the device is strictly equal under the control circuit.
  • the control of the control circuit realizes the control of the dialysate flow and the ultrafiltration dehydration from the human blood.
  • the second electromagnetic valve 23 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 26 are all in an open state, and the third electromagnetic wide 24 is in a closed state, and the treatment is normal;
  • the relevant sensor detects that the dialysate is abnormal
  • the second electromagnetic wide 23 and the fourth electromagnetic wide 26 are immediately closed, and the third electromagnetic wide 24 is simultaneously opened, so that the abnormal dialysate does not enter the hemodialyzer 1, and flows directly from the bypass to the waste.
  • Liquid tank 5 ensures safe treatment.
  • the second liquid level sensor 29 transmits a signal to the control circuit 10, and the control circuit 10 opens the fifth electromagnetic valve 28, due to the negative pressure of the first gear pump 14 Larger, the gas in the waste liquid tank 5 can be quickly discharged to the first gear pump 14, and then the liquid level in the waste liquid tank 5 can be raised until the control circuit 10 closes the fifth electromagnetic grating 28.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Description

说 明 书 血液透析系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种医疗器械, 特别涉及一种血液透析系统。
背景技术
血液透析 (HD)是血液净化领域使用最为广泛的治疗方式之一。 血液透析利 用弥散和超滤原理将患者的血液、 透析液同时引入透析器, 在透析膜内外两侧 呈反向流动, 借助于膜内外两侧的溶质浓度梯度、 渗透梯度和水压梯度, 通过 弥散作用达到两侧浓度平衡, 清除人体内新陈代谢废物和多余水分, 同时可补 充需要的物质, 纠正电解质和酸碱平衡紊乱。 现有血液透析设备一般由血液透 析器、 管路、 容量平衡及超滤装置、 A浓缩液泵、 A浓缩液接头、 B浓缩液泵、 B 浓縮液接头、 供水端接头、 排液端接头、 废液罐和控制电路组成, 存在以下不 足:
1 )除气齿轮泵既作为除气使用,又推动平衡腔膜片,齿轮泵转速控制困难, 整机水路运行压力较高, 水路部件使用寿命短。
2 )对反渗水的除气时没有循环进行,要达到除气效果需要较大的除气负压, 齿轮磨损较快, 运行噪音较高。
3 ) 需要专门气泵对废液进行排气, 多数气泵不能通水, 故抽气的管路不能 清洗或消毒。
因此, 需要一种除气效果好、 能有效降低整机水路运行压力的血液透析系 统。
发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的目的是提供一种除气效果好、 能有效降低整机水路运 行压力的血液透析系统。 本发明的血液透析系统, 包括血液透析器、 容量平衡及超滤装置、 透析液 管路系统和废液管路系统, 还包括除气系统, 所述除气系统包括进水罐、 第一 齿轮泵和分离罐, 所述进水罐反渗水出口通过节流构件连通于第一齿轮泵反渗 水进口, 第一齿轮泵反渗水出口通过加热器连通于分离罐反渗水进口, 所述分 离罐无气反渗水出口并入透析液管路系统, 分离罐水气混合出口连通于进水罐 水气混合进口;
所述进水罐位于高点设有排气口且设有反渗水进口。
进一步, 所述废液管路系统设有废液罐, 所述废液罐设有排气口、 与血液 透析器连通的废液进口和与容量平衡及超滤装置连通的废液出口, 废液罐排气 口与节流构件并联连通于第一齿轮泵反渗水进口。
进一歩, 所述进水罐的反渗水进口通过管路连接于一供水端接头, 进水罐 的反渗水出口设有出液接头并通过管路与节流构件的进口连接, 该节流构件的 出口通过管路与第一齿轮泵的进口连接, 第一齿轮泵反渗水出口通过管路串联 加热器后与分离罐反渗水进口设置的进液接头连接, 分离罐水气混合出口设置 第一出液接头并通过管路与进水罐水气混合进口设置的回流接头相接, 位于进 水罐的顶部设置与其排气口相连的排气接头;
透析液管路系统包括 A浓縮液泵、 A浓縮液接头、 B浓缩液泵、 B浓缩液接 头, 所述容量平衡及超滤装置的透析液出口接头 d通过管路与血液透析器的透 析液侧第一接头连接, 血液透析器的透析液侧第二接头通过管路与废液罐废液 进口设置的进液接头连接, 废液罐废液出口设置的出液接头通过管路与容量平 衡及超滤装置的废液入口相接, 容量平衡及超滤装置的废液出口通过管路与废 液管路系统设置的排液端接头连通;
所述分离罐无气反渗水出口设置有第二出液接头并与第一三通管的第一端 连接, 该第一三通管的第二端串联 A浓缩液泵后与 A浓缩液接头连接, 第一三 通管的第三端与第二三通管的第一端连接, 第二三通管的第二端串联 B浓缩液 泵后与 B浓缩液接头连接, 第二三通管的第三端与电导监测器的一端连接, 该 电导监测器的另一端通过管路与容量平衡及超滤装置的透析液入口相接; 进一歩, 还包括控制电路, 所述 A浓縮液泵、 B浓缩液泵、 容量平衡及超滤 装置、 第一齿轮泵、 加热器和电导监测器均通过控制电路进行控制;
进一步, 所述供水端接头通过管路串联第一电磁阀后与进水罐的进液接头 连接, 在进水罐内设置有第一液位传感器, 该第一液位传感器及第一电磁阀均 通过导线与控制电路连接;
进一步, 所述容量平衡及超滤装置的透析液出口接头 d与第三三通管的第 一端连接, 该第三三通管的第二端串联第二电磁阀后与血液透析器的透析液侧 第一接头连接, 第三三通管的第三端与第三电磁阀的一端连接, 第三电磁阔的 另一端与第四三通管的第一端连接, 该第四三通管的第二端与废液罐的进液接 头连接, 第四三通管的第三端串联第四电磁阀后与血液透析器的透析液侧第二 接头相接, 所述第二电磁阀、 第三电磁阀和第四电磁阀均通过导线与控制电路 连接;
进一歩, 所述节流构件的出口与第五三通管的第一端连接, 该第五三通管 的第二端与第一齿轮泵的进口连接, 第五三通管的第三端串联第五电磁阔后与 废液管的排气接头连接, 在废液管内设置有第二液位传感器, 该第二液位传感 器及第五电磁阀均通过导线与控制电路连接。
采用以上技术方案, 反渗水经供水端接头及管路进入进水罐, 而进水罐中 的反渗水在第一齿轮泵的作用下, 顺序经过节流构件、 第一齿轮泵、 加热器、 分离罐后, 再从分离罐的第一出液接头回到进水罐形成循环, 在循环过程中反 渗水不断的经过除气和加热, 由于气体较轻, 故通过节流构件分离的气泡和部 分液体会从分离罐的第一出液接头回到进水罐中, 气体通过进水罐的上部排气 接头排出。
节流构件内设置有很小的细孔, 当第一齿轮泵转速较高时, 该第一齿轮泵 前会产生较大的负压, 该负压即将反渗水中溶解的微气泡变成连续的大气泡, 然后通过循环管路在进水罐中排出。 分离罐的下部都是无气泡并经过加热的反渗水, 通过与 A浓縮液泵吸入 A 浓縮液、 B浓縮液泵吸入的 B浓缩液按一定比例混合成透析液, 经过电导监测器 监测配置的透析液是否满足使用要求, 然后该透析液进入容量平衡及超滤装置 的透析液入口接头。 透析液从容量平衡及超滤装置的透析液出口接头出来后进 入血液透析器的第一膜外接头, 然后透析液经过与血液进行物质和水分交换后, 再从第二膜外接头出来进入废液罐中, 废液再从该废液罐的出液接头进入容量 平衡及超滤装置的废液入口接头, 然后再从该容量平衡及超滤装置的废液出口 接头出来从排液端接头排出。 容量平衡及超滤装置通过八个电磁阀及配备的监 测器, 在控制电路的作用下, 能够保证透析液与废液经过该装置的液体量保持 严格相等。 透析液和废液在进入容量平衡及超滤装置的时候, 通过控制电路的 控制实现透析液流量的控制和从人体血液实现超滤脱水。
所述供水端接头通过管路串联第一电磁阀后与进水罐的进液接头连接, 在 进水罐内设置有第一液位传感器, 该第一液位传感器及第一电磁阔均通过导线 与控制电路连接。 当进水罐内的液面上升到一定高度时, 第一液位传感器会传 递信号给控制电路, 控制电路让第一电磁阀关闭; 相反, 当进水罐内的液面下 降到一定高度时, 控制电路会让第一电磁阀打开进水直到进水罐液面上升到一 定高度第一电磁阀再关闭, 这样能够有效防止进水罐内液体过多或过少, 保证 了水路能够正常运行。
所述容量平衡及超滤装置的透析液出口接头与第三三通管的第一端连接, 该第三三通管的第二端串联第二电磁阀后与血液透析器的透析液侧第一接头连 接, 第三三通管的第三端与第三电磁阀的一端连接, 第三电磁阔的另一端与第 四三通管的第一端连接, 该第四三通管的第二端与废液罐的进液接头连接, 第 四三通管的第三端串联第四电磁阀后与血液透析器的透析液侧第二接头相接, 所述第二电磁阔、 第三电磁阔和第四电磁阀均通过导线与控制电路连接。 当控 制电路配备的传感器监测到透析液浓度、 压力等都正常时, 第二电磁阔、 第四 电磁阔都处于打开状态, 第三电磁阀处于关闭状态, 此时治疗正常; 当相关传 感器监测到透析液有异常时, 第二电磁阀、 第四电磁阀立即关闭, 第三电磁阀 同时打开, 使异常透析液不进入血液透析器, 而从旁路直接流向废液罐, 保证 了治疗安全。
所述节流构件的出口与第五三通管的第一端连接, 该第五三通管的第二端 与第一齿轮泵的进口连接, 第五三通管的第三端串联第五电磁阔后与废液管的 排气接头连接, 在废液管内设置有第二液位传感器, 该第二液位传感器及第五 电磁阀均通过导线与控制电路连接。 当废液罐中的气体较多, 液面较低时, 第 二液位传感器会传递信号给控制电路, 控制电路打开第五电磁阔, 由于第一齿 轮泵前负压较大, 故可很快将废液罐中的气体排向第一齿轮泵, 然后使废液罐 中的液面升高, 直到控制电路关闭第五电磁阀。
本发明的有益效果是:
1 )第一齿轮泵仅作为除气和反渗水循环加热使用, 容量平衡及超滤装置平 衡腔进液和废液膜片的推动由自带的另外两个专门的齿轮泵推动, 齿轮泵转速 控制容易, 整机水路运行压力较低, 水路部件使用寿命较长。
2 )采用专门的第一齿轮泵对反渗水进行循环除气, 除气效果好, 即使要达 到良好的除气效果也不需要较大的除气负压, 运行噪音较小。
3) 只需用第一齿轮泵对废液进行排气, 该段排气管路可以进行清洗消毒。
4) 当透析液有异常时, 能够自动将异常透析液导入废液罐而不进入透析器 和血液接触, 保证了治疗的安全性。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一歩描述。
图 1为本发明的系统结构示意图。
具体实施方式
图 1 为本发明的系统结构示意图, 如图所示: 本实施例的血液透析系统, 包括血液透析器 1、 容量平衡及超滤装置 2、 透析液管路系统和废液管路系统, 其特征在于: 还包括除气系统, 所述除气系统包括进水罐 12、第一齿轮泵 14和 分离罐 16,所述进水罐 12反渗水出口通过节流构件 13连通于第一齿轮泵 14反 渗水进口, 第一齿轮泵 14反渗水出口通过加热器 15连通于分离罐 16反渗水进 口, 所述分离罐 16无气反渗水出口并入透析液管路系统, 分离罐 16水气混合 出口连通于进水罐 12水气混合进口;
所述进水罐 12位于高点设有排气口且设有反渗水进口。
本实施例中, 所述废液管路系统设有废液罐 5, 所述废液罐 5设有排气口、 与血液透析器 1连通的废液进口和与容量平衡及超滤装置 2连通的废液出口, 废液罐 5排气口与节流构件 13并联连通于第一齿轮泵 14反渗水进口。
本实施例中,所述进水罐 12的反渗水进口通过管路连接于一供水端接头 3, 进水罐 12 的反渗水出口设有出液接头并通过管路与节流构件 13的进口连接, 该节流构件 13的出口通过管路与第一齿轮泵 14的进口连接, 第一齿轮泵 14反 渗水出口通过管路串联加热器 15后与分离罐 16反渗水进口设置的进液接头连 接, 分离罐 16水气混合出口设置第一出液接头并通过管路与进水罐 12水气混 合进口设置的回流接头相接, 位于进水罐 12的顶部设置与其排气口相连的排气 接头 17;
透析液管路系统包括 A浓縮液泵 6、 A浓缩液接头 7、 B浓缩液泵 8、 B浓縮 液接头 9, 所述容量平衡及超滤装置 2的透析液出口接头 2d通过管路与血液透 析器 1 的透析液侧第一接头连接, 血液透析器 1 的透析液侧第二接头通过管路 与废液罐 5废液进口设置的进液接头连接, 废液罐 5废液出口设置的出液接头 通过管路与容量平衡及超滤装置 2的废液入口接头 2b相接, 容量平衡及超滤装 置 2的废液出口接头 2c通过管路与废液管路系统设置的排液端接头 4连通; 所述分离罐 16无气反渗水出口设置有第二出液接头并与第一三通管 18的 第一端连接, 该第一三通管 18的第二端串联 A浓縮液泵 6后与 A浓缩液接头 7 连接, 第一三通管 18的第三端与第二三通管 19的第一端连接, 第二三通管 19 的第二端串联 B浓縮液泵 8后与 B浓缩液接头 9连接, 第二三通管 19的第三端 与电导监测器 20的一端连接, 该电导监测器 20的另一端通过管路与容量平衡 及超滤装置 2的透析液入口接头 2a相接。
本实施例中, 还包括控制电路, 所述 A浓缩液泵 6、 B浓缩液泵 8、 容量平 衡及超滤装置 2、 第一齿轮泵 14、 加热器 15和电导监测器 20均通过控制电路 10进行控制。
如图 1所示, 供水端接头 3与管路的一端连接, 该管路的另一端与第一电 磁阀 11的进口连接, 第一电磁阀 11的出口通过管路与进水罐 12底部的进液接 头连接。 所述进水罐 12中部的出液接头通过管路与节流构件 13的进口连接, 节流构件 13为现有技术, 其结构在此不做赘述, 该节流构件 13的出口与第五 三通管 27的第一端连接, 该第五三通管 27的第二端与第一齿轮泵 14的进口连 接, 第五三通管 27的第三端与第五电磁阔 28的出口连接, 该第五电磁阔 28的 进口通过管路与废液管 5顶部的排气接头连接。
从图 1中可知, 第一齿轮泵 14的出口通过管路与加热器 15的进口连接, 该加热器 15的出口通过管路与分离罐 16中上部的进液接头连接, 分离罐 16顶 部的第一出液接头通过管路与进水罐 12中部的回流接头相接, 在进水罐 12的 顶部设置有排气接头 17,进水罐 12的内腔通过该排气接头 17直接与大气相通。 所述分离罐 16底部的第二出液接头与第一三通管 18的第一端连接, 该第一三 通管 18的第二端与 A浓缩液泵 6的出口相接, 该 A浓縮液泵 6的进口通过管路 与 A浓縮液接头 7连接, 第一三通管 18的第三端与第二三通管 19的第一端连 接, 第二三通管 19的第二端与 B浓縮液泵 8的出口相接, 该 B浓縮液泵 8的进 口通过管路与 B浓縮液接头 9连接, 第二三通管 19的第三端与电导监测器 20 的一端连接, 该电导监测器 20的另一端通过管路与容量平衡及超滤装置 2的透 析液入口接头 2a相接。
从图 1还可知, 容量平衡及超滤装置 2的透析液出口接头 2d与第三三通管 22的第一端连接, 该第三三通管 22的第二端与第二电磁阔 23的进口相接, 第 二电磁岡 23的出口通过管路与血液透析器 1的透析液侧第一接头连接, 第三三 通管 22的第三端与第三电磁阔 24的一端连接, 第三电磁阔 24的另一端与第四 三通管 25的第一端连接, 该第四三通管 25的第二端与废液罐 5中部的进液接 头连接, 第四三通管 25的第三端与第四电磁阀 26的出口相接, 该第四电磁阔 26的进口与血液透析器 1的透析液侧第二接头相接。 所述废液罐 5底部的出液 接头通过管路与容量平衡及超滤装置 2的废液入口接头 2b相接, 容量平衡及超 滤装置 2的废液出口接头 2c通过管路与排液端接头 4连接。所述容量平衡及超 滤装置 2采用 ZL 200610054252. 8于 2006年 12月 6日所公开的结构, 在此不 做赘述。
从图 1中进一步可知, 在进水罐 12内设置有第一液位传感器 21, 废液管 5 内设置有第二液位传感器 29。所述第一液位传感器 21、第二液位传感器 29、第 一电磁阔 11、 第二电磁阔 23、 第三电磁阀 24、 第四电磁阔 26、 第五电磁阀 28、 A浓缩液泵 6、 B浓缩液泵 8、 容量平衡及超滤装置 2、 第一齿轮泵 14、 加热器 15和电导监测器 20均通过导线与控制电路 10电连接,由控制电路 10控制各部 分的工作。
本发明的工作原理如下:
反渗水经供水端接头 3及管路进入进水罐 12,当进水罐 12内的液面上升到 一定高度时, 第一液位传感器 21会传递信号给控制电路 10, 控制电路 10让第 一电磁阀 11关闭; 相反, 当进水罐 12内的液面下降到一定高度时, 控制电路 10会让第一电磁阔 11打开进水直到进水罐 12液面上升到一定高度第一电磁阔 11再关闭; 而进水罐 12中的反渗水在第一齿轮泵 14的作用下, 顺序经过节流 构件 13、第一齿轮泵 14、 加热器 15、 分离罐 16后, 再从分离罐 16顶部的第一 出液接头回到进水罐 12形成循环,在循环过程中反渗水不断的经过除气和加热, 由于气体较轻, 故通过节流构件 13分离的气泡和部分液体会从分离罐 16的第 一出液接头回到进水罐 12中, 气体通过进水罐 12的上部排气接头 17排出。
节流构件 13内设置有很小的细孔, 当第一齿轮泵 14转速较高时, 该第一 齿轮泵 14前会产生较大的负压, 该负压即将反渗水中溶解的微气泡变成连续的 大气泡, 然后通过上述循环管路在进水罐 12中排出。 分离罐 16的下部都是无气泡并经过加热的反渗水, 通过第一三通管 18、第 二三通管 19向电导监测器 20流动,此时 A浓縮液泵 6吸入 A浓縮液、 B浓缩液 泵 8吸入的 B浓縮液按一定比例与反渗水混合成透析液, 经过电导监测器 20监 测配置的透析液是否满足使用要求, 然后该透析液进入容量平衡及超滤装置 2 的透析液入口 2a接头。 透析液从容量平衡及超滤装置 2的透析液出口接头 2d 出来后进入血液透析器 1 的第一膜外接头, 然后透析液经过与血液进行物质和 水分交换后, 再从第二膜外接头出来进入废液罐 5中, 废液再从该废液罐 5的 出液接头进入容量平衡及超滤装置 2的废液入口接头 2b, 然后再从该容量平衡 及超滤装置 2的废液出口接头 2c出来从排液端接头 4排出。 容量平衡及超滤装 置 2通过八个电磁阀及配备的监测器, 在控制电路的作用下, 能够保证透析液 与废液经过该装置的液体量保持严格相等。 透析液和废液在进入容量平衡及超 滤装置的时候, 通过控制电路的控制实现透析液流量的控制和从人体血液实现 超滤脱水。
当控制电路 10配备的传感器监测到透析液浓度、 压力等都正常时, 第二电 磁阀 23、 第四电磁阀 26都处于打开状态, 第三电磁阔 24处于关闭状态, 此时 治疗正常; 当相关传感器监测到透析液有异常时, 第二电磁阔 23、 第四电磁阔 26立即关闭, 第三电磁阔 24同时打开, 使异常透析液不进入血液透析器 1, 而 从旁路直接流向废液罐 5, 保证了治疗安全。
当废液罐 5中的气体较多, 液面较低时, 第二液位传感器 29会传递信号给 控制电路 10,控制电路 10打开第五电磁阀 28, 由于第一齿轮泵 14前负压较大, 故可很快将废液罐 5中的气体排向第一齿轮泵 14, 然后使废液罐 5中的液面升 高, 直到控制电路 10关闭第五电磁岡 28。
最后说明的是, 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制, 尽管 参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明, 本领域的普通技术人员应当理解, 可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换, 而不脱离本发明技术方案的 精神和范围, 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种血液透析系统, 包括血液透析器 (1)、 容量平衡及超滤装置 (2)、 透析液管路系统和废液管路系统, 其特征在于: 还包括除气系统, 所述除气系 统包括进水罐 (12)、 第一齿轮泵 (14) 和分离罐 (16), 所述进水罐 (12) 反 渗水出口通过节流构件 (13) 连通于第一齿轮泵 (14) 反渗水进口, 第一齿轮 泵 (14) 反渗水出口通过加热器 (15) 连通于分离罐 (16) 反渗水进口, 所述 分离罐 (16) 无气反渗水出口并入透析液管路系统, 分离罐 (16) 水气混合出 口连通于进水罐 (12) 水气混合进口;
所述进水罐 (12) 位于高点设有排气口且设有反渗水进口。
2.根据权利要求 1 所述的血液透析系统, 其特征在于: 所述废液管路系统 设有废液罐 (5), 所述废液罐 (5) 设有排气口、 与血液透析器 (1) 连通的废 液进口和与容量平衡及超滤装置 (2) 连通的废液出口, 废液罐 (5) 排气口与 节流构件 (13) 并联连通于第一齿轮泵 (14) 反渗水进口。
3.根据权利要求 2 所述的血液透析系统, 其特征在于: 所述进水罐 (12) 的反渗水进口通过管路连接于一供水端接头 (3), 进水罐 (12) 的反渗水出口 设有出液接头并通过管路与节流构件 (13) 的进口连接, 该节流构件 (13) 的 出口通过管路与第一齿轮泵 (14) 的进口连接, 第一齿轮泵 (14) 反渗水出口 通过管路串联加热器 (15) 后与分离罐 (16) 反渗水进口设置的进液接头连接, 分离罐 (16) 水气混合出口设置第一出液接头并通过管路与进水罐 (12) 水气 混合进口设置的回流接头相接, 位于进水罐 (12) 的顶部设置与其排气口相连 的排气接头 (17);
透析液管路系统包括 A浓缩液泵(6)、 A浓縮液接头(7)、 B浓缩液泵(8)、 B浓缩液接头 (9), 所述容量平衡及超滤装置 (2) 的透析液出口接头 (2d) 通 过管路与血液透析器 (1) 的透析液侧第一接头连接, 血液透析器 (1) 的透析 液侧第二接头通过管路与废液罐(5)废液进口设置的进液接头连接,废液罐(5) 废液出口设置的出液接头通过管路与容量平衡及超滤装置(2) 的废液入口接头 (2b)相接, 容量平衡及超滤装置(2) 的废液出口接头 (2c) 通过管路与废液 管路系统设置的排液端接头 (4) 连通;
所述分离罐( 16)无气反渗水出口设置有第二出液接头并与第一三通管( 18) 的第一端连接, 该第一三通管(18) 的第二端串联 A浓缩液泵 (6)后与 A浓缩 液接头 (7) 连接, 第一三通管 (18) 的第三端与第二三通管(19) 的第一端连 接, 第二三通管 (19) 的第二端串联 B浓縮液泵 (8) 后与 B浓縮液接头 (9) 连接, 第二三通管 (19) 的第三端与电导监测器 (20) 的一端连接, 该电导监 测器(20)的另一端通过管路与容量平衡及超滤装置(2)的透析液入口接头(2a) 相接。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的血液透析系统, 其特征在于: 还包括控制电路, 所述 A浓缩液泵(6)、 B浓縮液泵(8)、 容量平衡及超滤装置(2)、 第一齿轮泵
(14)、 加热器(15) 和电导监测器 (20) 均通过控制电路 (10) 进行控制。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的血液透析系统,其特征在于:所述供水端接头(3) 通过管路串联第一电磁阔 (11) 后与进水罐 (12) 的进液接头连接, 在进水罐
(12) 内设置有第一液位传感器(21), 该第一液位传感器(21)及第一电磁阔 (11) 均通过导线与控制电路 (10) 连接。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的血液透析系统, 其特征在于: 所述容量平衡及超 滤装置 (2) 的透析液出口接头 (2d) 与第三三通管 (22) 的第一端连接, 该第 三三通管 (22) 的第二端串联第二电磁阀 (23)后与血液透析器 (1) 的透析液 侧第一接头连接, 第三三通管(22) 的第三端与第三电磁阀 (24) 的一端连接, 第三电磁阀 (24) 的另一端与第四三通管 (25) 的第一端连接, 该第四三通管
(25) 的第二端与废液罐(5) 的进液接头连接, 第四三通管(25) 的第三端串 联第四电磁阀 (26)后与血液透析器(1) 的透析液侧第二接头相接, 所述第二 电磁阀(23)、第三电磁闽(24)和第四电磁阀(26)均通过导线与控制电路(10) 连接。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的血液透析系统, 其特征在于: 所述节流构件(13) 的出口与第五三通管 (27) 的第一端连接, 该第五三通管 (27) 的第二端与第 一齿轮泵 (14) 的进口连接, 第五三通管(27) 的第三端串联第五电磁阀 (28) 后与废液管(5)的排气接头连接,在废液管(5)内设置有第二液位传感器(29), 该第二液位传感器 (29) 及第五电磁阀 (28) 均通过导线与控制电路 (10) 连 接。
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