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WO2011143781A1 - Appareil et méthode de fermeture d'un tube - Google Patents

Appareil et méthode de fermeture d'un tube Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011143781A1
WO2011143781A1 PCT/CA2011/050319 CA2011050319W WO2011143781A1 WO 2011143781 A1 WO2011143781 A1 WO 2011143781A1 CA 2011050319 W CA2011050319 W CA 2011050319W WO 2011143781 A1 WO2011143781 A1 WO 2011143781A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe
clamping
assembly
pinching
arms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CA2011/050319
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Glenn Carson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Car Ber Investments Inc
Original Assignee
Car Ber Investments Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Car Ber Investments Inc filed Critical Car Ber Investments Inc
Publication of WO2011143781A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011143781A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
    • E21B29/12—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
    • E21B29/08—Cutting or deforming pipes to control fluid flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
    • F16L41/04—Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluids; Fittings therefor
    • F16L41/06—Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluids; Fittings therefor making use of attaching means embracing the pipe
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow in pipes or hoses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for sealing a pipe.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus and method for pinching a section of a pipe to form at least a partial seal, sealing an open end of the pipe and for tapping the pipe to provide a relief port for flowing fluid.
  • Each of the tapping, pinching and sealing apparatuses and methods may be used independently or in different combinations.
  • Liquid or fluid materials are normally transferred using equipment such as conduits or pipes. Pipes are also used in oil and gas drilling operations. In some instances, it becomes necessary to seal a pipe in order to prevent leakage.
  • One example of such an instance involves the recent catastrophe experienced with the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig. In such case, the drilling rig was severely damaged after an explosion during the drilling operation and the pipe extending from the rig into the subsea hydrocarbon (i.e. oil and gas) reservoir was severed. In the result, a vast amount of oil from the reservoir has been spilled into the Gulf of Mexico through the severed pipe.
  • the present invention generally provides an apparatus for sealing a pipe comprising a pinching apparatus for deforming the wall of the pipe at a given section.
  • a diverter assembly preferably including a "hot tap” mechanism, whereby a pipe containing a flowing liquid can be "tapped” and the flowing liquid diverted to a desired location.
  • the invention generally provides an apparatus for sealing an open end of a pipe comprising: a clamping sub-assembly and a valve sub-assembly, wherein: [0008] - the clamping sub-assembly is adapted to frictionally engage the outer surface of the pipe and to prevent relative movement between the pipe and the clamping sub- assembly; [0009] - the valve sub-assembly including a valve means; [0010] - the valve sub-assembly and clamping sub-assembly being adapted to sealingly engage each other to form a sealed space there-between by closing the valve means; [0011] - the sealed space enclosing an open end of the pipe.
  • the invention provides an apparatus wherein two or more of the above mentioned apparatuses are combined together. [0013] In another aspect, the invention provides a method of sealing and/or diverting a pipe using one or more of the above mentioned apparatuses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0014]
  • Figure 3 is a left side elevation of the pinching apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2 with the ram in a retracted position.
  • Figures 4 and 7 are left side elevations of the pinching apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2 with the ram in an advanced position.
  • Figure 5 is a left side elevation of the pinching apparatus of the invention according to another aspect, with the ram in a retracted position.
  • Figure 5a is a partial side view of a hydraulic lock of Figure 5.
  • Figure 6 is a left side elevation of the pinching apparatus of Figure 5 with the ram in a partially advanced position.
  • Figure 8 is a left side elevation of the pinching apparatus of Figure 5 in combination with a diverter assembly.
  • Figure 9 is a left side elevation of the diverter assembly of Figure 8 illustrating the drill bit in the retracted and advanced positions.
  • Figure 10 a left side elevation of the pinching apparatus and diverter assembly combination shown in Figure 8 in combination with a sealing apparatus according to one aspect of the invention.
  • Figures 1 1 a to 1 1 c are end view of the sealing apparatus of Figure 10.
  • Figure 12 is a cross sectional view of a clamping sub-assembly of the invention being positioned over the pipe.
  • Figure 13 is a cross sectional view of the clamping sub-assembly in the assembled state and a valve sub-assembly being positioned over the pipe.
  • Figure 14 is a cross sectional view of the clamping and valve sub-assemblies in the assembled state and wherein the valve sub-assembly is being connected to the clamp sub-assembly.
  • Figure 15 is a cross sectional view of the clamping and valve sub-assemblies in the connected position with the valve means open.
  • Figure 16 is a cross sectional view of the clamping and valve sub-assemblies in the connected position with the valve means closed.
  • Figure 17 is a plan view of a pipe sealing apparatus comprising clamping and pinching sub-assemblies according to further aspects of the invention and wherein certain components are shown in phantom.
  • Figure 18 is a perspective view of an apparatus similar to that of Figure 17.
  • Figure 19 is a plan view of the apparatus of Figure 18.
  • Figure 20 is an end elevation view of the apparatus of Figure 18.
  • Figure 21 is a bottom view of the apparatus of Figure 18.
  • Figure 22 is a perspective bottom view of the apparatus of Figure 18.
  • Figure 23 is a cross sectional plan view of the apparatus of Figure 18.
  • Figure 24 is an exploded bottom perspective view of the apparatus of Figure 18, showing the arrangement of a pinching assembly and two clamping assemblies being provided on a pipe.
  • Figure 25 is a bottom front perspective view of the clamping assembly shown in Figure 18.
  • Figure 26 is a partial perspective view of the clamping assembly of Figure 25, with one plate removed.
  • Figures 27 and 28 are front cross sectional views of the clamping assembly of Figure 25 in the open and closed positions, respectively.
  • Figures 29 and 30 are front cross sectional views of another embodiment of the clamping assembly of Figure 25, in the open and closed positions, respectively.
  • Figure 31 is a detail of the clamping assembly of Figure 30.
  • Figure 32 is a cross sectional plan view of a pinching assembly according to an aspect of the invention.
  • Figure 33 is a cross sectional elevation view of the pinching assembly of Figure 32.
  • Figure 34 is a plan cross sectional view a pipe after being pinched by a pinching assembly according to an aspect of the invention.
  • Figure 35 is side cross sectional view of the pipe and pinching assembly shown in Figure 34.
  • Figure 36 is a plan view of a pinching ram and associated cylinder according to one aspect of the invention.
  • Figure 37 is a front perspective view of the pinching ram and associated cylinder shown in Figure 36.
  • Figures 38a and 38b are side views of pinching heads according to other aspects of the invention.
  • Figures 39 and 40 are plan and side views, respectively, of a pinching head according to an aspect of the invention.
  • Figures 41 and 42 illustrate the pinching of a pipe according to an aspect of the invention.
  • Figures 43 to 45 are perspective views of a hot tap assembly according to an aspect of the invention in combination with pinching and clamping assemblies.
  • Figure 46 is a side perspective view of a diverter assembly according to an aspect f the invention.
  • Figure 47 is a side cross sectional view of the diverter assembly of Figure 46.
  • Figure 48 is a plan cross sectional view of the diverter assembly of Figure 46.
  • Figure 49 is an end cross sectional view of the diverter assembly of Figure 46 showing the diverter assembly when engaged with a pipe.
  • Figure 50 is an end cross sectional view of an embodiment of the diverter assembly of Figure 49 with locking clamping arms.
  • Figure 51 is a side view of a locking clamping arm of Figure 50.
  • Figure 52 is a partial perspective plan view of the diverter assembly of Figure 46.
  • Figure 53 is an end view of the diverter assembly of Figure 49.
  • Figure 54 is an end view of the diverter assembly of Figure 50 prior to engaging a pipe.
  • Figure 55 is an end view of the diverter assembly of Figure 50 when engaged with a pipe.
  • Figure 56 is a front view of the diverter assembly of Figure 49.
  • Figure 57 is a front perspective view of the diverter assembly of Figure 49.
  • Figure 58 is a side cross sectional view of the diverter assembly according to an embodiment of Figure 46.
  • Figure 59 is a bottom perspective view of a clamp assembly according to another aspect of the invention in a fully open position.
  • Figure 60 is a top perspective view of the clamp assembly of Figure 59 in a partially closed position.
  • Figure 61 is a perspective detail of a locking arm according to an embodiment of the clamp assembly of Figure 59.
  • Figure 62 is a top view of the clamp assembly of Figure 59.
  • the term "Axial” will be used to describe a direction taken along the longitudinal axis of a pipe or conduit.
  • axial force or “axial stress” will be understood as being a force applied in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conduit.
  • axially extending will be understood to mean extending in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pipe.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a pipe 10 requiring sealing.
  • the pipe 10 may be of any size or thickness as would typically be encountered in the art.
  • the pipe 10 is a pipe used for oil drilling operations and extends into an oil or, more generally, a hydrocarbon containing reservoir.
  • the pipe 10 is shown in a generally horizontal orientation, as would be the case where the pipe is lying on a surface, such as a seabed (for underwater situations) or the ground (for land-based situations). It will be understood that the pipe to be sealed may be provided or found in any variety of orientations such as vertical or at any angular orientation. As also discussed below, where the pipe 10 is lying on a surface or is close to a surface, it will be understood that some excavation may be required in order to accommodate the apparatus of the invention. [0076] In one aspect, the apparatus of the invention comprises a device, preferably a robotic or remotely activated device, for grasping a segment of the pipe to be sealed and "crimping", or pinching a section of such segment.
  • a device preferably a robotic or remotely activated device
  • FIGS 1 and 2 illustrate an embodiment of the pinching apparatus 12 of the invention, wherein the apparatus 12 comprises an anvil assembly 14 and a ram assembly 16.
  • the anvil assembly 14 is preferably provided in two sections that are brought together so as to surround a segment of the pipe 10. It will be understood that providing the anvil assembly 14 in two sections allows it to be provided on the pipe without having to slide same from one end of the pipe.
  • the anvil assembly 14 includes anvil arms 18 and 20 that are hinged at a pivot point 22. Movement of the arms 18 and 20 is controlled by an actuator 24, such as a hydraulic piston.
  • the actuator 24 may comprise any similar device that can be used to move the arms 18, 20.
  • the actuator 24 may comprise a mechanical or magnetic device that functions in the same manner as a hydraulic piston.
  • the actuator 24 is preferably mounted on the ram assembly 16 or other portion of the apparatus and is connected at opposite ends to respective first ends, 26, 28, of the arms 18 and 20.
  • the actuator 24, is positioned so as to, upon activation, cause the opposite ends, 30, 32, of the arms 18 and 20 to come together or separate.
  • the arms 18 and 20 each include oppositely directed curved, or "C" shaped elements or portions, 34 and 36.
  • the curved portions 34 and 36 are adapted to encircle the circumference of the pipe 10 when the arms 18 and 20 are brought together. It will be understood that the curved portions 34 and 36 function like a claw in order to surround a section of the pipe 10.
  • Each pair of curved portions 34 and 36 combines to form a circumferential clamp that surrounds the outer surface of the pipe. Such clamps are discussed further below.
  • the arms 18 and 20 forming the anvil are provided with anvil sections 38 and 40, respectively, which, when joined form a bearing surface to form an anvil, or a bearing surface for a section of the pipe.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a left side view of the apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the anvil assembly 14 is preferably provided with two ends, 46, 48, that engage axially separated sections of the pipe 10.
  • Each of the ends 46 and 48 preferably includes one or more circumferential clamps, shown collectively at 50 and 52, respectively, for engaging the pipe 10. Examples of such clamps are provided in applicant's co-pending application number 61/345,963, filed May 18, 2010 (the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference).
  • each of the clamps 50 and 52 comprise the oppositely directed "C" shaped elements, 34 and 36, that are combined together around a section of the pipe.
  • the clamps will be referred to with reference numerals 50 and 52, it will be understood that each "clamp" is comprised of one or more opposed pairs of the elements 34 and 36.
  • each of the clamps 50 and 52 comprises a plurality of such pairs of elements 34 and 36, the exact number depending on the required clamping force.
  • the clamps 50 and 52 are designed so as to prevent relative axial movement between the clamp and the pipe.
  • the "C" shaped elements are provided with connecting flanges through which bolts are extended once the elements are in an engaged position around a pipe. Nuts may then be provided on the bolts, which can be tightened in order to secure the clamp over the surface of the pipe.
  • any number of tensioners and/or hydraulic locks may be provided in order to secure the nuts and bolts and, thereby, prevent the clamps from being disengaged.
  • FIGS 5 and 6 illustrate a further embodiment of locking the clamps 50 and 52, which may be better suited for underwater applications or applications where the locking is best activated remotely.
  • the clamps 50 and 52 may be provided with a number of hydraulic locks 80, which serve to connect the opposed arms of the clamps 50 and 52 once engaged around the pipe wall.
  • the hydraulic locks 80 may comprise a locking pin 82 associated with a ram 84, such as a hydraulic ram.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 Also illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 is the placement of the actuators 24 on each of the clamps 50 and 52. As shown, it is possible for one or more actuators 24 to be provided and it will be understood that the number of such actuators will depend on the size of the clamps 50 and 52. For illustration, Figures 5 and 6 show two actuators 24 for each clamp. [0083] Figure 3 also illustrates further details of the ram assembly 16.
  • the ram assembly 16 comprises a main body or frame 60.
  • the frame 60 may have any shape or orientation as will be apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reviewing the present description.
  • the ram assembly 16 includes a ram 62, moveably connected to the frame 60.
  • the ram 62 is provided so as to allow reciprocal movement with respect to the frame.
  • a first end, 64, of the ram 62 may be connected, for example, to a hydraulic piston (not shown) attached to the frame 60.
  • a mechanical or gear mechanism may be provided on the frame 60 to move the ram 62.
  • the invention is not limited to the mechanism used to move the ram 62.
  • the ram is preferably moved in a reciprocal manner between a retracted position, where the ram 62 does not deform the pipe wall, to an extended position, where the ram 62 deforms the pipe to a desired degree (i.e. a position where the internal diameter of the pipe is closed).
  • Figure 3 illustrates the ram 62 in a retracted position. That is, the anvil assembly 14 has been provided and secured to the outer surface of the pipe 10. At this point, the ram 62 is advanced so that a second end 66, comprising a pinching head, of the ram impinges against one side of the outer surface of the pipe at a discrete location.
  • the anvil assembly 14 may include a recess 68 for receiving the second end 66 of the ram 62. That is, with a recess 68, the ram 62 may be advanced to a greater degree, thereby resulting in a more efficient pinching of the pipe 10.
  • the second end 66 of the ram 62 may include a tapered profile or other such configuration that assists in bending or pinching of the pipe wall.
  • the second end 66 is provided with a knife-like edge whereby a greater pressure can be applied against the pipe wall.
  • the recess 68 may be shaped to match the profile of the second end 66. It will be understood that the shape of the second end 66 will be chosen based upon the thickness and tensile strength of the pipe wall as well as on whether the pipe contains a pressurized fluid etc.
  • Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a further embodiment of the second end 66 of the ram 62. As shown in these figures, the second end 66 is provided with a convex outer surface for contacting the pipe wall. A suitable shape recess 68 is also provided. Figure 6 also illustrates the initial stage of the pinching process of the pipe 10, wherein the wall of the pipe has started to be deformed by the ram 62.
  • the invention also provides, in one aspect, a method of sealing a pipe comprising first providing an anvil around the pipe.
  • the anvil is preferably provided in two sections, preferably hinged, and connected circumferentially around the pipe at a desired location.
  • the anvil also preferably includes circumferential clamps at opposite ends to engage axially separated sections of a pipe. Such clamps serve to prevent movement of the pipe with respect to the apparatus.
  • a ram is advanced against a section of the pipe, preferably between the two clamps of the anvil. The ram is designed to deform the pipe wall.
  • the apparatus is robotically or remotely controlled. In this manner, the apparatus may be used in the absence of human contact, thereby rendering it useable in inaccessible areas such as deep sea regions.
  • the various movements of the apparatus are preferably hydraulically controlled, although in some applications, mechanical actuation may also be used.
  • the ram has been indicated as operating from one side of the pipe while a biasing means, such as an anvil, is provided on the opposite side.
  • the anvil portion may also be provided with an oppositely directed ram, whereby inward deflection of the pipe wall is conducted from opposite sides so as to cause a "pinching" of the pipe.
  • This aspect of the invention is discussed further below.
  • Figure 7 shows the pinched pipe 10, wherein the anvil assembly 14 has pinched a section of the pipe 10 so as to prevent or reduce the flow of liquid there-through.
  • Figure 7 further illustrates an embodiment wherein a locking pin 70 may be provided in order to prevent the ram 62 from moving from the pinched position. It will be understood that the provision of such a pin 70 provides an added safety means to prevent accidental retraction of the ram 62.
  • the pin 70 is received within an aperture or recess (not shown) provided on the ram 62. Advancement of the pin 70 may be achieved by means of a hydraulic device such as shown at 72.
  • the hydraulic device 72 may comprise a piston and a ram, wherein the pin 70 is attached to the latter.
  • the hydraulic device 72 may be remotely activated. It will be understood that any variety of mechanisms may be used to advance the pin 70.
  • Figure 7 also illustrates a "cut line" 90, which corresponds to the area where the pipe 10 is to be severed.
  • FIG 8 illustrates a further aspect of the invention, wherein a new conduit is joined to the existing pipe 10 in order to divert the flow of fluid that was flowing through the pipe 10 prior to the pinching step discussed above.
  • a diverter, or "hot tap” assembly 100 is mounted on the upstream side of the pinching apparatus 12.
  • the diverter assembly 100 includes a pipe clamping section 102, which preferably is provided in two sections 104 and 106.
  • the sections 104 and 106 are generally elongate and are adapted to be provided over opposed sides of the pipe 10.
  • the sections 104 and 106 are also preferably provided with longitudinally extending flanges that are arranged in a cooperating manner, whereby the flanges of each section can be joined together. In such arrangement, the flanges form a seam 108 when the sections 104 and 106 are joined.
  • the opposed flanges of the sections 104 and 106 may be connected in any manner. For example, a plurality of nuts and bolts may be used to connect the flanges. Alternatively, any type of hydraulic means may also be used.
  • the sections 104 and 106 may also be hingedly connected and locked together with remotely activated locks, in a manner similar to that used for securing the clamps 50 and 52.
  • One of the sections for example section 104, is provided with a seal 1 10 that engages the outer wall of the pipe 10. As illustrated, the seal is preferably designed to isolate a discrete portion of the pipe wall and to form a liquid seal between that portion of the pipe wall and the section 104.
  • the section 104 is also provided with a conduit 1 12, which in turn is connected to a pipe 1 14 housing a "hot tap machine” 1 16. As known in the art, "hot tapping” refers to the process of providing a tie-in to a pressurized conduit system while under operating conditions.
  • FIG. 9 further illustrates an embodiment of the hot tapping machine 1 16 contemplated by the present invention.
  • the machine 1 16 includes a drilling device essentially comprising a drill bit 122, which is attached to a drive mechanism, not shown.
  • Figure 9 shows the drill bit in a first position indicated as 122a and a second position 122b. In the first position 122a, the drill bit is in a retracted state while the diverter assembly 100 is positioned over the pipe 10.
  • the drill bit is activated and advanced towards the wall of the pipe 10. As illustrated in Figure 9, the drill bit 122 contacts the pipe wall within the region bounded by the seal 1 10. The drill bit 122 cuts through the wall of the pipe 10, at which point it is in the second position 122b. Once the pipe wall is cut, the drill bit 122 is retracted once again into the housing pipe 1 14. In a preferred embodiment, the drill bit 122 is designed to extract the coupon resulting from the cutting process (i.e. the cut portion of the pipe wall). Various drill bits that serve this purpose are known in the art. Although reference is made herein to a "drill bit" 122, it will be understood that any means of cutting the pipe wall (such as high pressure water etc.) may be used.
  • the invention is not limited to any particular means of cutting the pipe wall. It will be understood that the drill bit 122, or similar cutting device, will be preferably designed to avoid penetrating through the opposite side of the pipe 10. For this reason, the diverter assembly would be preferably provided with a limiting means to ensure that only one hole is cut through the pipe.
  • a limiter may be used to limit the distance that the drill bit can travel.
  • the limiter may be set to allow the drill bit to advance to only a distance equal to one internal radius (i.e. to the central axis of the pipe). It will be understood that any other distance may be chosen for achieving the same purpose (i.e. preventing the drill bit from passing through the opposite side of the pipe).
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a further aspect of the invention, wherein the downstream end of the pipe 10 (i.e. downstream of the pinching apparatus 12) is sealed. As discussed above in reference to Figure 7, in some situations, the end of the pipe 10 is preferably sealed in order to provide further security to prevent leakage of the liquid carried within the pipe 10.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the pipe 10 once it is cut (i.e. at the "cut line" 90 shown in Figure 9). Once the pipe 10 is cut, a sealing apparatus 130 is then secured thereto.
  • the sealing apparatus 130 is illustrated in Figures 1 1 a to 1 1 c.
  • the sealing apparatus includes a pair of clamping arms 132, 134, that are pivotally joined at a pivot point 136.
  • the arms 132 and 134 are oppositely curved, each generally having a "C" shaped structure, whereby, once combined, the arms 132, 134 cooperate to encircle the outer wall of the pipe 10. Movement of the arms 132 and 134 is preferably controlled by a hydraulic actuator 138.
  • the actuator 138 includes a piston and a hydraulic cylinder to advance the piston. As will be understood, once the piston is advanced, the arms 132 and 134, due to their pivotal connection, are closed over the outer wall of the pipe.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates two sets of such arms each having a separate actuator.
  • the sealing apparatus 130 is positioned close to the open end of the pipe 10 once cut.
  • the sealing apparatus 130 is further provided with a gate valve assembly 140.
  • the gate valve assembly 140 is provided on one side of the sealing apparatus.
  • Figure 1 1 a shows the sealing apparatus 130 in the process of being secured to the outer wall of the pipe 10.
  • Figure 1 1 b shows he sealing apparatus 130 secured to the pipe 10 and also shows the gate valve apparatus 140 with the gate 142 thereof in the retracted position.
  • Figure 1 1 c shows the gate 142 in the advanced position, wherein the end of the pipe is closed or sealed. As shown in Figures 1 1 b and 1 1 c, the gate 142 is moved from the retracted to advanced positions by means of a hydraulic piston 144.
  • the diverter assembly is described as being mounted on the pipe prior to the sealing apparatus 130. However, as will be understood, the invention is not limited to this order. That is, the sealing apparatus may be secured to the pipe prior to the diverter assembly. Similarly, the sealing apparatus may be provided on the pipe prior to the pinching step.
  • the ram 62 of the pinching apparatus is then activated, whereby the ram is advanced against the wall of the pipe, resulting in inward deflection of the wall.
  • the pipe is preferably only partially pinched, wherein the flow of liquid is not affected to a great degree (i.e. the flow rate is unaffected or only partially reduced).
  • a pressure accumulation upstream of the pinching apparatus is avoided, thereby allowing for the next step (hot tapping) to be conducted safely.
  • a complete closure of the pipe by pinching may be preferred (such as to immediately stop leakage of hazardous materials etc.).
  • the diverter assembly 100 including the hot tap mechanism, is mounted on the pipe, upstream of the pinching apparatus. This step is illustrated in Figure 8. [00108] 5) Next, as illustrated in Figure 9, the hot tap mechanism is activated and the drill bit 122 is advanced against the pipe wall. Once the pipe wall has been cut, the drill bit, along with the coupon, is retracted. [00109] 6) The valve 120 of the diverter assembly is then opened and liquid from the pipe 10 is allowed to flow into the branch 1 18 and to the desired location. Once such flow is begun, the ram 62 of the pinching apparatus is then fully advanced so as to seal the pipe downstream of the diverter assembly. The ram 62 may then be locked in place as discussed above.
  • the pipe 10 is cut at a "cut line" chosen at a suitable position downstream of the pinching apparatus. This step is illustrated in Figures 9 and 10. It will be understood that the cutting step is required only where the existing end of the pipe is damaged or otherwise deformed, preventing the sealing device from being secured.
  • the sealing apparatus 130 is mounted on the cut end (or existing clean end) of the pipe 10. Once the sealing apparatus 130 is mounted, the valve (i.e. gate valve) of the apparatus is closed, thereby sealing the end of the pipe 10 and further preventing any leakage.
  • the hot tap mechanism or apparatus is indicated as being used on a pipe in conjunction with the pinching apparatus.
  • the hot tap mechanism and method may be used on an existing, undamaged pipe in order to provide a diverting pipe.
  • the hot tap mechanism or assembly may be used on a pipe that has been sealed (such as but not restricted to, the sealing apparatus described herein) and from which a flow of liquid is required.
  • Figure 12 illustrates a preparation stage of the method of the invention, wherein the seabed in a region of the pipe 10 is excavated so as to expose the circumference of the pipe section.
  • the section of the pipe comprises either an open end or, as shown in the attached figures, a section to be cut so as to form an open end.
  • Figure 12 also illustrates the first stage or step of the method of the invention, wherein a generally circumferential clamp sub-assembly 220 is provided over a section of the pipe 10. As described below, the clamp sub-assembly 220 is adapted to frictionally engage the outer surface of the pipe 10 with sufficient strength so as to prevent relative axial movement between the clamp sub-assembly 220 and the pipe 10.
  • the clamp sub-assembly 220 is formed of two or more sections that are provided over the pipe.
  • the clamp sub-assembly 220 is formed of two sections 222a and 222b.
  • the sections of the clamp sub-assembly 220 i.e. sections 222a and 222b) are designed so as to be joined together over the outer circumference of the pipe 10.
  • each section 222a and 222b will preferably have a curved inner surface that generally corresponds to the curvature of the pipe.
  • Each of the sections 222a, 222b includes a flange portion 224 (shown as 224a and 224b, respectively) and a clamp portion 226 (shown as 226a and 226b, respectively).
  • the clamp portions 226 are adapted to engage the outer circumference of the pipe 10.
  • the clamp sections are preferably elongated so as to engage a given or pre-determined length of the pipe 10.
  • the clamp sub-assembly 220 is adapted to frictionally engage the surface of the pipe 10.
  • Each of the clamp portions 226 include a curved, pipe engaging section 228 (shown as 228a and 228b, respectively), adapted to conform at least partially to the outer surface of the pipe 10.
  • the clamp portions 226 further include a radially extending flanges or plates 230 (shown as 230a and 230b, respectively), preferably provided on opposite ends of the pipe engaging sections 228, and which extend generally along the length of the sections 228.
  • the plates 230 (i.e. 230a and 30b) of each clamp portion 226 are adapted to cooperate with each other.
  • each of the plates 230 are preferably provided with a plurality of bolts 232 extending towards the cooperating plates of the opposite clamp section.
  • the plates 230 also include boltholes 234 for receiving the bolts 232 of the opposed plate.
  • the bolts 232 and boltholes 234 of each plate 230 are provided in an alternating manner. As will be understood, such an arrangement is a preferred embodiment of the invention and that other arrangements are possible. For example, in one
  • all of the required bolts 232 may be provided on one of the plates 230.
  • the bolts 232 may be provided on one end of the plate while boltholes are provided on the opposite end of the plate.
  • the number of bolts 232 (and, correspondingly, the number of boltholes 234) may vary based on the length of the plates 230.
  • the bolts 232 shown in Figure 12, and those shown in Figures 13 to 16, are illustrated as being integral with the plates 230 or other portions of the apparatus. It will be understood that this is a preferred embodiment.
  • the bolts shown herein can be separate elements that are inserted through boltholes. For underwater applications, it will be understood that having integral bolts offers an advantage during the assembly steps since the number of loose elements are reduced. [00119] In the above description, it is indicated that nuts are used in association with the bolts 232.
  • the apparatus is preferably further provided with tensioners 235 in order to ensure that the respective assembly is maintained in a tightened manner.
  • the tensioners 235 are preferably hydraulic tensioners, which are commonly known in the art.
  • the tensioners comprise subsea tensioners, such as those manufactured by Hydratight Operations Limited under the name Aqua-JackTM.
  • the use of nuts and associated bolts, with or without tensioners, is only one aspect of the invention.
  • the various sections of the apparatus may be hydraulically activated and secured to the pipe thereby avoiding any need for nuts etc.
  • the clamp sub-assembly 220 further includes a circumferential seal 236, such as a gasket of the like.
  • the seal 236 is preferably comprised of the same number of sections as the clamp sections 222.
  • the seal 236 is provided in two sections 236a and 236b, each of which is provided in association with the clamp sections 222a and 222b.
  • the seal 236 serves to form a pressure seal between the clamp sub-assembly 220 and the pipe surface once the clamp sub-assembly 220 is assembled (as shown in Figure 13).
  • Figure 13 illustrates the clamp sub-assembly 220 in an assembled state over the surface of the pipe 10. As shown, once assembled, the bolts 232 of one clamp portion are inserted through the boltholes 234 of the opposed clamp portion. Nuts (not shown) are then supplied on the bolts 232 and tightened so as to force a frictional engagement between the clamp sub-assembly 220 and the pipe 10.
  • the circumferential seal 236 engages the pipe 10.
  • the clamp sub-assembly 220 is provided with an internal diameter that is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the pipe 10. In this manner, once the clamp sub-assembly 220 is secured to the pipe 10 and the nuts associated with the bolts 232 tightened, the clamp sub-assembly 220 would "bite" into the pipe wall slightly, thereby further increasing the frictional engagement between the clamp sub-assembly 220 and the pipe 10. It will be understood that in such arrangement, the seal provided by the circumferential seal 236 is also enhanced.
  • FIG. 13 also illustrates the next stage of the method of the invention.
  • a valve sub-assembly 250 is then positioned over the pipe 10.
  • the valve sub-assembly 250 comprises two or more sections in the same manner as the clamp sub-assembly 220 discussed above.
  • the valve sub-assembly comprises two sections 252a and 252b.
  • Each of the valve sub-assembly sections 252a and 252b include opposing plates 254a and 254b.
  • One of the plates 254 is provided with bolts 256 extending in the direction of the other of the plates, when in the assembled state.
  • the plate 254b is provided with such bolts 256.
  • the opposing plate, 254a is provided with boltholes 258 for receiving the bolts 256, as shown in Figure 14. Nuts (not shown) are then provided on the bolts 256 and tightened. It will be understood that, as described above, the number and orientation of the bolts 256 may vary as needed. As shown in the figures, tensioners such as those discussed above are preferably used with the nuts provided on the bolts 256. [00124] As shown in Figure 13, one or both of the plates 254a and 254b is provided with a seal or gasket 260, for forming a seal between the sections 252a and 252b forming the valve sub-assembly 250.
  • the sections 252a and 252b of the valve sub-assembly 250 are further provided with bolts 262 extending from the respective section 252a and 252b towards the flange portion 224 (formed by sections 224a and 224b) of the clamp sub-assembly 220, which are provided with boltholes 238 to receive the bolts 262.
  • the valve sub-assembly 250 once formed, includes a slot 266 for receiving a valve means, or gate 268 slidably therein. The purpose of the gate will be made clear below. Although the present description will recite a "gate" as forming the valve means, various other types of valves will be understood as being equally applicable for achieving the purpose of closing an opening.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates the next stage of the method of the invention. Specifically, once the valve sub-assembly 250 is assembled over the pipe 10, it is slid axially over the pipe towards the clamp sub-assembly 220, which has been previously anchored on the pipe.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates the next step of the method, wherein the pipe 10 has been cut as described above and the unnecessary section of the pipe, identified at 213, is removed.
  • any type of clamp or rig, 272 may be used. Once the unnecessary pipe section 213 is removed, the valve sub-assembly 250 is urged against the clamp sub-assembly by tightening of the nuts associated with the bolts 262.
  • Figure 16 illustrates the following step in the method, wherein the gate 268 is inserted into the slot 266 provided in the valve sub-assembly so as to form a sealed space 274, bounded by the clamp sub-assembly and the valve sub-assembly, the latter of which includes the gate 268.
  • the slot 266 may be provided with a seal or gasket to engage the gate 268 to further seal the space 274.
  • the open end of the pipe 10, formed after the cutting step shown in Figure 14 is provided with a cap or seal thereby preventing any further liquid from the pipe 10 from escaping.
  • the above description includes a step of cutting a portion of the pipe being sealed. As will be understood, this step is preferred, particularly in cases where the open end of the pipe in question is ruptured or otherwise damaged, thereby preventing closing the pipe in another manner.
  • the method of the invention includes the step of forming a "clean" opening that can be more effectively sealed. It will, however, be appreciated that in cases where the pipe does include a clean opening, the apparatus and method of the invention may equally be used with the omission of the cutting step.
  • the apparatus of the invention may be subject to various modifications to accommodate for different pipe sizes etc.
  • the clamp sub-assembly of the invention may be substituted with a clamp as taught in applicant's co-pending application number 12/715, 168, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the clamp sub-assembly of the present invention is capable of remaining secured to the pipe even when subjected to very high pressures.
  • the present invention includes the use of one or more rams to pinch the pipe being sealed.
  • Figures 17 to 24 illustrate further aspects of the invention wherein a pair of such rams are used.
  • the apparatus of the invention includes a pinching assembly 300, which comprises a generally "U" shaped, or saddle shaped, strongback 310 that is provided over a pipe 10 to be sealed.
  • the strongback comprises a reinforcing housing for at least one pair of opposed pinching rams 312a and 312b.
  • the rams 312a and 312b serve to pinch the pipe 10 at a desired location.
  • the rams 312a and 312b are provided with terminal, pinching heads or ends 314a and 314b, respectively, that are designed to be advanced against the wall of the pipe 10 with a sufficient force to cause inward deformation of the pipe wall.
  • the pinching rams 312a and 312b are shown in the retracted position in Figure 17.
  • Each of the rams 312a and 312b is connected to a means for advancing the respective ram, such as a hydraulic means or the like.
  • the rams 312a and 312b are connected to hydraulic cylinders 316a and 316b, respectively.
  • the cylinders 316a, 316b will be understood to be connected to an appropriate hydraulic pressure supply that allows the advancement and retraction of the rams 312a, 312b.
  • the present invention is not limited to any particular means for applying hydraulic pressure.
  • the cylinders 316a, 316b may include couplings that are connected to a source of hydraulic fluid or the like.
  • the means for advancing the rams may comprise various other apparatus as will be known to persons skilled in the art such as motorized or magnetic devices. In general, any mechanism for moving the rams may be used with the invention.
  • hydraulic means may be preferred in situations where the apparatus is used for underwater applications. For convenience, reference will be made to hydraulic cylinders when referring to the means for advancing the rams; however, as discussed above, the invention is not intended to be limited to such preferred embodiment.
  • the hydraulic cylinders are adapted to apply a force against the pinching rams 312a, 312b and, thereby, to force the pinching heads 314a, 314b towards each other, thereby resulting in pinching of the wall of the pipe 10.
  • the rams 312a, 312b may be axially aligned so that they are opposed to each other, in which case the pinching heads 314a, 314b are advanced directly against each other to resulting a pinching of the pipe wall.
  • the rams 312a, 312b may be axially offset from each other, in which case the pinching heads 314a, 314b would not press against each other but will result in an "S" shaped pinching of the pipe wall.
  • the strongback 310 is preferably comprised of a plurality of plates 31 1 that are arranged together as a laminate. The individual plates 31 1 may be joined together in any manner such as by bolts, clamps or welding. In another embodiment, the strongback 310 may comprise a cast metal body. However, it will be understood that building the strongback 310 with a plurality of plates, that can be joined at the site of the pipe, facilitates its transport.
  • Figures 17 to 24 also illustrate a preferred manner in which the cylinder 316a is mounted to the strongback 310.
  • the cylinder 316a includes to a mounting bracket 318a that is secured to a mounting plate 320a provided on the strongback 310.
  • the mounting plate 320a is preferably welded to the strongback 310.
  • Such connection can be made with a plurality of bolts (not shown) that are passed through bolt holes 322a.
  • the cylinders 316a and 316b may be secured to the strongback 310 in any number of other ways while still ensuring that separation or other such movement between the cylinders and the strongback 310 is inhibited or prevented so as to allow the rams to sufficiently deform and pinch the pipe 10.
  • the opposite arms of the "U" or horseshoe shaped strongback 310 are provided with opposed openings through which the rams, 312a and 312b, and pinching heads, 314a and 314b, pass respectively.
  • Figures 17 to 24 also illustrate the "U" or horseshoe shape of the strongback, or reinforcing housing, 310 of the pinching assembly. As will be understood, such shape allows the housing strongback 310 to be simply lowered onto a pipe 10. Such an arrangement avoids the need for excavation under the pipe for passing any parts of the apparatus, as with the embodiments described above. As will be understood, the embodiment shown in Figures 17 to 24 is particularly suited to situations where a pipe to be sealed lies underwater on a seabed. [00141] Figures 18 to 24 illustrate a further aspect of the apparatus of the invention wherein one or more clamping assemblies 350 are provided for preventing relative movement of the pipe 10 with respect to the pinching assembly 300.
  • each clamping assembly 350 is provided, each being positioned on opposite ends of the strongback 310 of the pinching assembly 300.
  • each clamping assembly is also provided with a generally "U” or horseshoe shaped structure, which facilitates the placement of the assembly over a pipe 10 for the reasons outlined above.
  • each of the clamping assemblies 350 comprises a pair of opposed and spaced apart "U" shaped plates 352a, 352b.
  • the anchor blocks 354a, 354b Sandwiched between the plates 352a, 352b, are a pair of anchor blocks 354a, 354b, which also serve to hold the plates 352a and 352b in their separated or spaced apart positions.
  • the anchor blocks 354a, 354b include opposed openings to accommodate the passage of respective clamping rams 356a, 356b.
  • the clamping rams 356a, 356b are provided with respective clamping heads 358a and 358b.
  • the clamping heads 358a, 358b are adapted to be advanced towards each other in order to clamp the pipe 10 and prevent at least relative axial movement between the pipe 10 and the clamping assembly 350.
  • the clamping rams 356a and 356b are each connected to an advancing means, which is similar to the advancing means discussed above in relation to the pinching rams 312a, 312b.
  • the clamping rams 356a, 356b are connected to respective hydraulic cylinders 360a, 360b.
  • the cylinders 360a, 360b are not shown with the required connecting means for connecting same to sources of hydraulic fluid, which would be apparent to persons skilled in the art. It will be understood that, as above, reference is made herein to hydraulic cylinders 360a, 360b purely for convenience.
  • FIG. 27 illustrates the clamping assembly 350 once it is positioned over a pipe and where the clamping rams 356a and 356b are not advanced. As shown, the clamping heads 358a and 358b are in a fully retracted position, wherein the "U" or horseshoe shape of the clamping assembly 350 can receive the pipe 10 therein.
  • Figure 25 illustrates a clamping assembly 350 when positioned on a pipe but where the clamping heads 358a and 358b are in a partially advanced position.
  • Figured 26 and 28 illustrate the clamping heads 358a and 358b in the fully advanced position, wherein a sufficient clamping force is applied to frictionally grip the pipe 10. As shown in Figure 28, this is achieved by the hydraulic cylinders 360a, 360b actuating the respective rams 356a, 356b thereby forcing the clamping heads 368a, 358b towards each other and against the wall of the pipe 10.
  • the clamping heads 358a and 358b each include an upper surface shown at 362a and 362b, respectively, that are correspondingly curved so as to engage the lower circumference of the pipe 10 when the ends are in the fully advanced position (as shown in Figure 28).
  • FIGS 29 and 30 illustrate another embodiment of clamping apparatus 350 and, more specifically, another embodiment of clamping heads, which are identified as 364a and 364b.
  • this embodiment includes clamping heads 364a, 364b, that comprise "fingers” that are offset from each other and engage the pipe 10 as they are advanced towards each other.
  • the clamping heads 364a and 364b of this embodiment include curved upper portion 366a, 366b, respectively, that are adapted to correspond with and engage the curvature of the pipe 10.
  • Figure 29 shows the clamping heads 364a and 364b in their retracted positions, such as when the clamping assembly 350 is lowered onto a pipe 10 to be sealed.
  • Figures 30 and 31 illustrate the clamping heads of this embodiment in their fully extended state. As shown, each of the clamping heads are advanced (by means of the respective ram and cylinder combination) until the curved upper portions of each engages the pipe 10 wall. As mentioned above, in this embodiment, the clamping heads are axially offset from each other. In this manner, the two clamping heads work in a scissor-like manner to engage and clamp the pipe 10. [00148] As mentioned above, the one or more clamping assemblies 350 serve to prevent relative movement between the pipe and the pinching assembly 300.
  • the clamping assemblies are connected to the pinching assembly 300.
  • such connection is achieved by providing a number of bolts (not shown) through bolt holes 368 provided on the plates 352a, 352b, and through cooperating bolt holes 370 provided on an anchor plate 372 attached to an end of the pinching assembly 300.
  • the anchor plates 372 are welded to the strongback 310 of the pinching assembly 300.
  • the anchor plate 372 provided on one or both ends of the pinching assembly also has a "U" or horseshoe shaped profile, in order to avoid interfering with the placement of the assembly on the pipe 10.
  • each clamping assembly 350 is secured to the pinching assembly 300 prior to clamping the pipe 10.
  • the pinching assembly In the case of underwater or similar applications where access to the pipe is difficult or not possible by humans, it may be preferred to combine the pinching assembly to one or more clamping assemblies at the surface and the lower and position the final combination over the pipe to be sealed. [00151] As discussed above, the purpose of the clamping assembly or assemblies is to prevent movement, or at least relative axial movement, between the pipe 10 and the pinching assembly 300. Although one example of a clamping assembly has been provided as one aspect of the invention, various other devices may be used with the pinching assembly of the invention. Similarly, the clamping assembly of the invention may be combined with one or more other device for use on a pipe.
  • the pinching assembly 300 of the invention need not clamp on to the pipe 10 itself since the clamping assembly performs such function.
  • a given size of pinching assembly can be used for various diameters of pipes.
  • the clamping assemblies are adapted and sized to fit specific pipe diameters.
  • the required clamping assembly or assemblies may be joined to a pinching assembly so as to adapt the apparatus as needed.
  • Figures 32 to 35 illustrate the pinching step of the embodiment of the invention discussed above.
  • Figures 32 and 33 the pinching assembly is shown provided on a pipe 10 with the pinching rams 312a and 312b being advanced until the pinching heads 314a, 314b contact the pipe 10 wall.
  • Figure 33 also illustrates a further feature of the strongback 310 of the invention, of particular advantage where the strongback 310 is formed of a plurality of plates 31 1 , which was described above.
  • the strongback 310 of the pinching assembly 300 is provided with a slot 380 extending the length of the strongback.
  • the slot 380 is formed, for example, by aligning notches provided on the top of each plate 31 1 forming the strongback.
  • a key 382 may be inserted or provided therein in order to secure each of the plates together.
  • the pinching rams 312a, 312b are shown in the fully advanced position, wherein the pinching heads 314a, 314b have been pressed towards each other and, in the result, the wall of the pipe 10 is deformed from opposite sides, thereby resulting in a pinch or pinch on the pipe. As before, the pinch or pinch serves to seal the pipe 10 and prevent any fluid from passing there-through.
  • Figures 34 and 35 illustrate a further optional embodiment wherein the pinching heads 314a and 314b may be detached from the respective rams 312a, 312b whereby the pinching heads serve to maintain the seal on the pipe 10.
  • the two pinching heads are preferably provided with a locking device.
  • a locking device is illustrated in Figures 34 and 35, wherein a ratchet mechanism is used to lock the pinching heads 314a, 314b together.
  • a first of the pinching heads, 314b is provided with a number of locking arms 384, which are preferably connected to the end 314b by a hinge 386 at one end thereof.
  • the opposite ends of the locking arms are provided with a toothed inner surface 388.
  • the second of the pinching heads, 312a is provided with toothed outer surface 390 that is arranged to cooperate with the toothed surface 388 of the locking arms 384.
  • the locking arms 384 are moved so as to engage the respective toothed surfaces 388 and 390.
  • the locking arms 384 may be secured to the pinching head 314b by a spring activated hinge, in which case, the respective toothed surfaces 388 and 390 will automatically engage each other so as to interlock the pinching heads.
  • FIG. 36 to 40 illustrate some shapes of the pinching heads 314a, 314b that may be used in the present invention. In these figures, the same numbering will be used for the previous discussed elements but without the suffix "a" or "b" for convenience.
  • one aspect of the invention provides pinching heads that are elongate bodies having terminal ends that are tapered to form a point or wedge-like shape.
  • the height of the pinching head will be understood to depend on the diameter of the pipe being sealed. Similarly, other dimensions of the pinching head or the dimensions of other components of the apparatus will be known to persons skilled in the art. It will also be understood that where a complete sealing of a pipe is desired, the opposed pinching heads will be shaped so as to result in a complete closure of the lumen of the pipe. For example, as shown in Figures 36 and 37, the pinching heads preferably have a height that is at least equal to the diameter of the pipe and have opposed surfaces that touch when advanced towards each other.
  • Figures 38a and 38b illustrate side profiles of pinching heads 314 having different curvatures. It will be understood that the invention is not limited to any particular design or shape of the pinching heads 314.
  • Figures 39 to 42 illustrate another embodiment wherein the pinching heads 314 are not axially aligned and, as such, the pipe is nor sealed with a pinch extending across the diameter thereof but by an "S" shaped pinch. As shown in Figure 41 , the pinching heads are offset from each other so that they are axially separated and, therefore, each pinching head contacts a different location along the length of the tube 10. The pinching heads do, however have dimensions that allow at least some portions thereof to contact each other.
  • FIGs 43 to 45 illustrate another embodiment of a "hot tap" assembly, which functions similarly to that described above in relation to earlier figures.
  • the hot tap, or diverter assembly 400 functions in essentially the same manner as the diverter assembly 100 described previously and, where elements are similar, the same reference numerals are used.
  • diverter assembly 400 differs from the previously described assembly (100) in the manner in which it is connected to the pipe 10.
  • the diverter assembly 100 was connected to the pipe 10 by a two section, "clamshell", device.
  • diverter assembly 400 is secured to the pipe 10 in the same manner as the clamping assembly 350 discussed above.
  • diverter assembly 400 is provided with a base 402 having a generally "U” or horseshoe shaped structure that is adapted to be provided over the pipe 10.
  • the base 402 is also provided with a number of clamping rams 456 and associated clamping heads (not shown) that are essentially the same as those described above with regard to the clamping assembly 350.
  • the clamping rams 456 are in turn connected to an advancing means such as hydraulic cylinders 460, which cause the rams 456 and clamping heads to bear against the pipe 10, resulting in the diverter assembly being clamped to the pipe 10.
  • an advancing means such as hydraulic cylinders 460
  • the diverter assembly 400 is preferably connected to one of the clamping assemblies 350 by means of bolts 404 that extend through aligned bolt holes provided in both the diverter assembly 400 and clamping assembly 350.
  • the hot tap or diverter assembly 400 as shown in Figures 43 to 45 offers the same advantage as the pinching and clamping assemblies shown in Figures 17-42, namely, that the assembly 400 can be provided on a pipe without any excavation.
  • the "U" shaped nature of the assembly 400 allows it to be lowered onto the pipe and subsequently secured thereto.
  • the diverter assembly 400 may be connected to the apparatus comprising a pinching assembly 300 and the one or more clamping assemblies 350. This is illustrated in Figures 43 to 45, wherein the diverter assembly 400 is connected to an opposite end of a clamping assembly 350, which in turn is connected to the strongback 310 of a pinching assembly 300.
  • the diverter assembly 400 may be connected in such manner to the pinching/clamping assemblies in one location, such as above water, and then the combined apparatus may be lowered and secured to a pipe.
  • the hot tap or diverter assembly 400 is shown in combination with the previously described embodiment of the apparatus, which includes a pinching assembly and two clamping assemblies 350. However, it will be understood that the hot tap or diverter assembly 400 can be used by itself or with only one of the other assemblies, such as a clamping assembly, depending on the need.
  • Figure 46 illustrates the diverter assembly 400 in isolation. As discussed above, the diverter assembly 400 is used for product recovery using the pipe 1 18.
  • the pipe 1 18 would be preferably provided with a flange to which another pipe or extension may be connected.
  • the assembly 400 may also, in one embodiment, include a valve, such as a hydraulic slide valve 462, to isolate the coupon and drill once drilling is complete.
  • the diverter assembly 400 of this embodiment comprises a generally "U" or horseshoe shaped body, which is adapted to be provided over a pipe.
  • the assembly 400 comprises opposing plates 406 and 408 having a shape that is similar to plates 352a and 353b discussed above.
  • Figure 47 shows the drill bit 122 in a position against the pipe 10 wall, and prior to cutting there-through.
  • Figures 47 and 48 illustrate a preferred embodiment of seals or gaskets 464 that are provided between the diverter assembly 400 and the outer wall of the pipe 10.
  • Figure 48 also illustrates the clamping arms 466a and 466b
  • Figures 49 and 50 illustrate a pipe 10 when secured by the clamping arm 466a of the diverter assembly 400. As shown, once the assembly 400 is placed on a pipe 10, the clamping arms, such as arm 466a are advanced against the pipe by means of rams 456 associated with hydraulic cylinders 460.
  • Figure 50 illustrates a further embodiment of the invention wherein the diverter assembly 400 may be provided permanently on the pipe 10.
  • the clamping arm 466a is shown with a terminal end having teeth. The end of the arm 466a will thereby engage a locking mechanism on the opposite side of the assembly 400.
  • Such locking mechanism may comprise, for example, a pawl or other such hinged and, preferably, toothed device for positively engaging the arm 466a and preventing retraction thereof. It will be understood that each of the arms 466a and 466b (or pairs thereof pair provided), will be equally locked according to this embodiment.
  • Figure 51 more clearly illustrates one of the clamping arms 466a, showing the preferably curved, pipe engaging surface 467 and the toothed end 468.
  • Figure 52 illustrates a sectioned view from the top of the diverter assembly 400 showing the manner in which the clamping arms 466a, 466b work.
  • FIG. 53 shows the retractable (i.e. non-locking) clamping arms 466am 466b in the engaged position with a pipe 10.
  • the "U" or horseshoe design of the assembly 400 allows for it to saddle the pipe 10 from any angle and the retractable design of the clamping arms allows for the such arms to be disengaged so that the assembly can be recovered when work is completed.
  • Figures 54 and 55 illustrate the aspect of the diverter assembly 400 having the locking version of the clamping arms 466a, 466b.
  • Figure 54 shows the optional locking clamping arms in the retracted position.
  • Figure 58 illustrates another embodiment of the diverter assembly 400 that is similar to that shown in Figure 47.
  • the "hot tap" machine 1 16 (and connector 1 14) is connected to the conduit 1 12 by means of flange 410 connection.
  • this arrangement allows the hot tap machine to be disengaged from the assembly 400 after the cutting operation is completed. It will also be understood that such disengagement occurs after the drill bit is retracted and the valve 462 is closed.
  • Figures 59 to 62 illustrate a further embodiment of the clamp assembly of the invention, which comprises an alternate embodiment to the clamp assembly 220 discussed above in relation to Figures 12-16.
  • the clamp assembly 500 comprises a pair of generally "U" or horseshoe shaped plates 502, 504 that are arranged in a generally parallel and spaced apart manner.
  • the clamp assembly 500 is similar in shape and function as the pipe clamping section of the diverter assembly 500 discussed above.
  • the plates 502, 504 are designed to receive a pipe therein. Thus, the plates may be lowered onto a pipe lying on a base, such as a seabed, or otherwise provided on any orientation of a pipe, as will be understood by persons skilled in the art.
  • the assembly 500 also includes a cover 506 that is adapted to cover a portion of the pipe received within the opening of the "U" shaped plates 502, 504.
  • the assembly 500 also includes a pair of boxes 508, 510 connected to opposite sides of the plates 502, 504.
  • the clamp assembly 500 also includes one or more pairs of opposed clamping arms.
  • the assembly 500 includes two pairs of arms, 512a, 512b and 514a, 514b.
  • Each of the arms 512a, 512b, 514a and 514b are connected to the rams of respective hydraulic cylinders 516.
  • the cylinders are supported within the boxes 508, 510.
  • the cylinders 516 serve to advance the pairs of arms towards each other and towards the opening the "U" shaped plates.
  • each of the clamping arms is provided with an curved portion that is adapted to receive the side of the pipe adjacent the opening of the "U" shaped plates 502, 504. This is illustrated, for example, in Figure 60, which shows the arms 514a and 514b when brought towards each other.
  • the curved portions of the arms are preferably provided, in one aspect of the invention, with a sealing means, or seal 515, which serve to grip the pipe when the opposed pairs of arms are brought together.
  • sections of the cover 506 corresponding and opposite to the positions of the seals 515 are provided with corresponding seals 517.
  • the seals 515 and 517 serve to frictionally grip the outer wall of a pipe once the assembly 500 is engaged thereon.
  • the opposed ends of the clamping arms 514a and 514b are provided with cooperative jaws that are designed to engage each other.
  • the opposed jaws may be angled so as to cause the opposed pair of arms 514a and 514b to move in a directly towards the closed of the "U" shaped plates 502, 504. In this way, the arms 514a, 514b are urged further against the wall of the pipe so as to further increase the gripping force on the pipe wall.
  • the assembly 500 may include a pair of planar seals 518a, 518b provided on opposite sides of the plates 502, 504.
  • the seals 518a, 518b are preferably secured to the plates 502, 504 by gluing or other such attachment means as may be known in the art.
  • the seals 518a, 518b are designed to be deformed as the arms are moved towards each other so that the seals 518a, 518b are wrapped around the pipe. In this way, a further seal or frictional grip is provided between the pipe and the clamp assembly 500.
  • the assembly 500 includes one or more locking arm 520 having a toothed end 522.
  • the locking arm 520 is adapted to extend to the opposite side of the assembly and latch on to a cooperating member so as to form a positive engagement there-between.
  • the locking arm 520 is connected to the same hydraulic ram as one of the clamping arms, such as 512a, whereby the final closed, or clamped position of the clamping arm is locked.
  • the plates 502, 504 of the clamp assembly 500 may be provided with a plurality of boltholes for receiving a valve assembly 50 as described above.
  • a valve assembly 50 may be connected to the clamp assembly 500 in the same manner as shown in Figures 13 to 16.
  • the clamp assembly 500 allows the same clamping effect to be achieved on a pipe without the need to excavate under the pipe or, alternatively, requiring minimal excavation.
  • the apparatus of the invention may be subject to various modifications to accommodate for different pipe sizes etc.
  • the clamp assembly of the invention may be substituted with a clamp as taught in applicant's co- pending application number 12/715, 168, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the clamp assembly of the present invention is capable of remaining secured to the pipe even when subjected to very high pressures.
  • the apparatus of the invention, and associated clamping and pinching assemblies have been described as being used on a pipe lying on a surface, such as a seabed.
  • the apparatus is particularly suited for such application, it will be understood that the apparatus, or one or more of the assemblies thereof, may be used on pipes that are provided at any angle, including 90° (i.e. a pipe that is upright).
  • the invention is not limited to any particular orientation of a pipe.
  • the apparatus of the invention can be adapted to a pipe having a curvature.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de fermeture de tube comprenant au moins un mécanisme de pincement permettant de réduire le diamètre d'un tube à un emplacement donné afin de réduire ou d'arrêter l'écoulement de fluide à ce point. L'invention concerne aussi des appareils de détournement d'écoulement à bridage. Les appareils de détournement d'écoulement comprennent un dispositif de « piquage à vif ».
PCT/CA2011/050319 2010-05-20 2011-05-20 Appareil et méthode de fermeture d'un tube Ceased WO2011143781A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US34689410P 2010-05-20 2010-05-20
US61/346,894 2010-05-20
US36197510P 2010-07-07 2010-07-07
US61/361,975 2010-07-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011143781A1 true WO2011143781A1 (fr) 2011-11-24

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012024799A3 (fr) * 2010-08-23 2012-06-21 Car-Ber Investments Inc. Appareil et procédé pour former une bride sur un tube
CN102927402A (zh) * 2012-11-08 2013-02-13 刘绍康 圆锥体偏心轮楔子固定封堵方法及其装置
CN103133771A (zh) * 2013-03-14 2013-06-05 刘绍康 一种三通分流封堆装置及其封堆再生方法
WO2018023821A1 (fr) * 2016-08-04 2018-02-08 深圳朝伟达科技有限公司 Élément d'épissage coulé à chaud
CN116697170A (zh) * 2023-05-22 2023-09-05 福建泉昇水泵有限公司 一种自带储压装置的多通管接头

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2823363A1 (de) * 1978-05-29 1979-12-06 Horst Klann Trennvorrichtung fuer metallbauteile
CA1092375A (fr) * 1978-07-28 1980-12-30 Ambrogio Scodino Appareil de recuperation de tuyaux reposant par grands fonds marins
GB2253022A (en) * 1991-01-12 1992-08-26 John Enver Emim Josher control valve
US5458439A (en) * 1993-04-29 1995-10-17 Sonsub International Management Inc. Pipe attachment and receiving assembly
JPH09229287A (ja) * 1995-11-30 1997-09-05 Kamekura Seiki Kk パイプ圧潰具
US7137403B2 (en) * 2002-06-12 2006-11-21 Marcelo Hombravella Abbad Device for producing bypasses under pressure in fluid piping systems
WO2011043672A1 (fr) * 2009-10-07 2011-04-14 Aker Subsea As Outil pour dispositif de raccordement horizontal

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2823363A1 (de) * 1978-05-29 1979-12-06 Horst Klann Trennvorrichtung fuer metallbauteile
CA1092375A (fr) * 1978-07-28 1980-12-30 Ambrogio Scodino Appareil de recuperation de tuyaux reposant par grands fonds marins
GB2253022A (en) * 1991-01-12 1992-08-26 John Enver Emim Josher control valve
US5458439A (en) * 1993-04-29 1995-10-17 Sonsub International Management Inc. Pipe attachment and receiving assembly
JPH09229287A (ja) * 1995-11-30 1997-09-05 Kamekura Seiki Kk パイプ圧潰具
US7137403B2 (en) * 2002-06-12 2006-11-21 Marcelo Hombravella Abbad Device for producing bypasses under pressure in fluid piping systems
WO2011043672A1 (fr) * 2009-10-07 2011-04-14 Aker Subsea As Outil pour dispositif de raccordement horizontal

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012024799A3 (fr) * 2010-08-23 2012-06-21 Car-Ber Investments Inc. Appareil et procédé pour former une bride sur un tube
CN102927402A (zh) * 2012-11-08 2013-02-13 刘绍康 圆锥体偏心轮楔子固定封堵方法及其装置
CN103133771A (zh) * 2013-03-14 2013-06-05 刘绍康 一种三通分流封堆装置及其封堆再生方法
WO2018023821A1 (fr) * 2016-08-04 2018-02-08 深圳朝伟达科技有限公司 Élément d'épissage coulé à chaud
CN116697170A (zh) * 2023-05-22 2023-09-05 福建泉昇水泵有限公司 一种自带储压装置的多通管接头

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