WO2011036741A1 - 冷凍サイクル装置 - Google Patents
冷凍サイクル装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011036741A1 WO2011036741A1 PCT/JP2009/066484 JP2009066484W WO2011036741A1 WO 2011036741 A1 WO2011036741 A1 WO 2011036741A1 JP 2009066484 W JP2009066484 W JP 2009066484W WO 2011036741 A1 WO2011036741 A1 WO 2011036741A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- expander
- compressor
- pressure
- bypass valve
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B11/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, using turbines, e.g. gas turbines
- F25B11/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, using turbines, e.g. gas turbines as expanders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02742—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using two four-way valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0409—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the evaporator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/14—Power generation using energy from the expansion of the refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/16—Receivers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/26—Problems to be solved characterised by the startup of the refrigeration cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/191—Pressures near an expansion valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/006—Accumulators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus using a refrigerant such as a fluid in a supercritical state, and particularly to a refrigeration cycle apparatus including an expander that recovers power of fluid energy in an expansion process.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus including an expander that recovers power from fluid energy in an expansion process, for example, a first compressor that is driven by an electric motor and compresses a refrigerant, and is compressed by the first compressor.
- a radiator that dissipates heat of the refrigerant, an expander that depressurizes the refrigerant that has passed through the radiator, an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant depressurized by the expander, and is recovered by the expander
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus including a second compressor driven by expansion power and having a discharge side connected to the suction side of the first compressor (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a first compressor a radiator that dissipates heat of the refrigerant compressed by the first compressor; an expander that depressurizes the refrigerant that has passed through the radiator; and a decompressor that depressurizes the expander.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus comprising: an evaporator that evaporates the generated refrigerant; and a supercharger (second compressor) that boosts the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator and supplies the boosted refrigerant to the first compressor. Yes (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- JP 2006-125790 A (FIG. 4, summary) JP 2009-79850 A (FIG. 2, summary)
- a supercooling heat exchanger that supercools the refrigerant flowing out from the expander is provided on the discharge side of the expander, and the refrigerant passes through the supercooling heat exchanger.
- one of the subflow portions is connected to a bypass pipe bypassed from a pipe connecting the expander and the main flow portion via a supercooling expansion valve, and the other of the subflow portions is connected. It is connected to the suction side of the first compressor.
- coolant which flows out from an expander is supercooled with a supercooling heat exchanger, The efficiency improvement of the refrigerating cycle is enabled.
- the pressure on the discharge side of the expander cannot be lowered, and the refrigerant bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger or the indoor heat exchanger that functions as a radiator or an evaporator Rather, the expander outlet pressure may increase rather.
- a bypass path for bypassing the refrigerant from the expander discharge side to the suction side of the first compressor is provided, and an open / close valve is provided in the bypass path. Yes.
- the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit from the outlet of the expander to the suction port of the second compressor is supplied to the compressor through the bypass without passing through the second compressor. ing. This prevents the refrigerant from being insufficiently supplied to the compressor at the time of starting and increases the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the expander, thereby eliminating the start-up failure of the expander.
- the on-off valve detects that the second compressor has been started and is closed, and after the second compressor is started, the second valve has not been operated until the discharge pressure of the expander reaches the appropriate expansion pressure. There was a problem that the rotation of the compressor and the expander were unstable.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus capable of stably recovering power by an expander.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a first compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that dissipates heat of the refrigerant compressed by the first compressor, and a refrigerant that has passed through the radiator to expand the refrigerant.
- a first bypass pipe connected to the suction pipe, a physical quantity detection means for detecting a physical quantity of refrigerant sucked into the expander, and a first bypass valve provided in the first bypass pipe for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant;
- Control means for controlling the opening degree of the first bypass valve, and the control means determines an appropriate discharge pressure of the expander based on the physical quantity detected by the physical quantity detection means, and discharges the refrigerant of the expander But determined proper vomiting In which opening the first bypass valve when it becomes higher than the pressure.
- the first bypass valve is opened, and the first from the discharge pipe of the expander. Since the refrigerant is bypassed to the suction side of the compressor, the discharge pressure of the expander can be lowered. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the expander from being overexpanded and to stabilize the rotation of the expander.
- FIG. 2 is a Ph diagram showing the cooling operation of the air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention shown in FIG. It is a refrigerant circuit figure at the time of the heating operation of the air conditioner based on Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- FIG. 5 is a Ph diagram illustrating the heating operation of the air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the scroll type expander integrated with the 2nd compressor of the air conditioner based on Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- FIG. 5 is a Ph diagram illustrating a cooling operation when the expander of the air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is overexpanded.
- FIG. 5 is a Pv diagram when the expander of the air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is in an appropriate expansion process.
- FIG. 6 is a Pv diagram when the expander of the air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention enters an overexpansion process.
- FIG. 6 is a Ph diagram illustrating an example of an operating state during a cooling operation when an operation for preventing the expander from being overexpanded according to the first embodiment of the present invention is performed.
- FIG. 5 is a Pv diagram showing an expansion process when the suction pressure of the expander is lowered according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the operation
- FIG. 10 is a Ph diagram illustrating the cooling operation of the air conditioner according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during cooling operation of an air conditioner including a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during the cooling operation of the air conditioner of FIG.
- the air conditioner of FIG. 1 is driven by an electric motor to expand a first compressor 1 that compresses a refrigerant, a second compressor 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, and a refrigerant that passes through the interior.
- the expansion machine 8 which collects motive power from a refrigerant
- the second compressor 2 and the expander 8 are connected by a drive shaft 52, and the second compressor 2 is driven via the drive shaft 52 by the power recovered by the expander 8.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is a radiator that dissipates heat during the cooling operation, and an evaporator that evaporates the internal refrigerant during the heating operation.
- the indoor heat exchanger 32 is an evaporator that evaporates the internal refrigerant during the cooling operation, and a radiator that dissipates heat during the heating operation.
- the air conditioner also includes a bypass pipe 24 that bypasses the refrigerant from the discharge pipe 23 of the expander 8 to the inlet pipe 27 of the accumulator 11, and a bypass valve 10 that adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the bypass pipe 24. .
- this air conditioner uses carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, and this carbon dioxide has a zero ozone depletion coefficient and a low global warming coefficient as compared with conventional chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants.
- the four-way valve 6, the pre-expansion valve 7, the expander 8, the bypass valve 5, the bypass valve 10, and the accumulator 11 are accommodated in the outdoor unit 101.
- the expansion valve 31a and the indoor heat exchanger 32a are accommodated in the indoor unit 102a, and the expansion valve 31b and the indoor heat exchanger 32b are accommodated in the indoor unit 102b.
- a control device 103 that regulates the overall control of the air conditioner is also accommodated in the outdoor unit 101.
- the number of indoor units 102 (indoor heat exchanger 32) is two, but the number of indoor units 102 is arbitrary.
- the outdoor unit 101 and the indoor units 102 a and 102 b are connected by a liquid pipe 28 and a gas pipe 29.
- the first compressor 1 is driven by an electric motor (not shown) to compress and discharge the sucked refrigerant.
- the second compressor 2 and the expander 8 are accommodated in a container 51.
- the second compressor 2 is connected to the expander 8 via the drive shaft 52, and the power generated by the expander 8 is recovered by the drive shaft 52 and transmitted to the second compressor 2. Therefore, the second compressor 2 sucks the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 1 and further compresses it.
- a first four-way valve 3 is provided in the refrigerant flow path between the outdoor heat exchanger 4, the second compressor 2, the indoor heat exchanger 32, and the accumulator 11.
- a second four-way valve 6 is provided in the refrigerant flow path between the outdoor heat exchanger 4, the expander 8, and the indoor heat exchanger 32. The first four-way valve 3 and the second four-way valve 6 are switched corresponding to the operation mode related to air conditioning based on an instruction from the control device 103 to switch the refrigerant path.
- the refrigerant flows from the second compressor 2 in the order of the outdoor heat exchanger 4, the expander 8, the indoor heat exchanger 32, the accumulator 11, and the first compressor 1, and returns to the second compressor 2. .
- the refrigerant flows in the order of the indoor heat exchanger 32, the expander 8, the outdoor heat exchanger 4, the accumulator 11, and the first compressor 1 from the second compressor 2, and returns to the second compressor 2. .
- the first four-way valve 3 and the second four-way valve 6 the direction of the refrigerant passing through the expander 8 and the second compressor 2 is the same regardless of the cooling operation and the heating operation.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 4 includes, for example, a heat transfer tube through which the refrigerant passes and fins (not shown) for increasing the heat transfer area between the refrigerant flowing through the heat transfer tube and the outside air. Heat exchange with outside air). For example, it functions as an evaporator during heating operation, and evaporates the refrigerant to be gasified. On the other hand, it functions as a condenser or a gas cooler (hereinafter referred to as a condenser) during cooling operation. In some cases, the gas may not be completely gasified or liquefied, but may be in a two-phase mixed state of gas and liquid (gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant).
- the accumulator 11 has a function of storing excess refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle circuit and preventing the first compressor 1 from being damaged due to a large amount of refrigerant liquid returning to the first compressor 1.
- a pre-expansion valve 7 for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the expander 8 is provided in the refrigerant flow path 22 between the second four-way valve 6 and the inlet of the expander 8.
- a check valve 9 is provided in the refrigerant flow path 23 between the outlet of the expander 8 and the second four-way valve 6 to adjust the flow direction of the refrigerant in one direction.
- a bypass pipe 25 that bypasses the second four-way valve 6, the pre-expansion valve 7, the expander 8, and the check valve 9, A bypass valve 5 for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the bypass pipe 25 is provided.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the expander can be adjusted to adjust the pressure on the high pressure side, and the refrigeration cycle can be maintained in a highly efficient state.
- bypass pipe 24 that bypasses the expansion valve 31 and the indoor heat exchanger 32, and a flow rate of the refrigerant that passes through the bypass pipe 24 are adjusted.
- a bypass valve 10 is provided.
- a pressure sensor 81 that detects the pressure of the refrigerant that has exited the second compressor 2 is provided at the refrigerant outlet of the second compressor 2, and the expander 8 is provided at the refrigerant outlet of the expander 8.
- the pressure sensor 82 for detecting the pressure of the refrigerant is provided, and the refrigerant flow between the second four-way valve 6 and the expansion valve 31 is provided with the pressure of the refrigerant entering the expansion valve 31 or the refrigerant exiting the expansion valve 31.
- a pressure sensor 83 for detecting the pressure of the first compressor 1 is provided, and a pressure sensor 84 for detecting the pressure of the refrigerant entering the first compressor 1 is provided at the refrigerant inlet of the first compressor 1.
- a pressure sensor 85 that detects the pressure of the refrigerant entering the expander 8 is provided at the refrigerant inlet.
- the pressure sensors 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 are not limited to these positions, and the pressure sensors 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 are respectively the pressure of the refrigerant exiting the second compressor 2, the pressure of the refrigerant exiting the expander 8, Any position may be used as long as the pressure of the refrigerant entering 31 or the pressure of the refrigerant exiting the expansion valve 31, the pressure of the refrigerant entering the first compressor 1, and the pressure of the refrigerant entering the expander 8 can be detected. Further, the pressure sensors 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 may be temperature sensors that estimate the temperature of the refrigerant as long as the pressure can be estimated.
- a temperature sensor 91 that detects the temperature of the refrigerant entering the expander 8 is provided at the refrigerant inlet of the expander 8, and a pipe between the outdoor heat exchanger 4 and the second four-way valve 6 and the bypass valve 5 is provided.
- a temperature sensor 92 that detects the temperature of the refrigerant that has left the outdoor heat exchanger 4 or the refrigerant that enters the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is provided.
- the temperature sensors 91 and 92 are not limited to these positions, and each detects the temperature of the refrigerant entering the expander 8 and the temperature of the refrigerant exiting the outdoor heat exchanger 4 or the refrigerant entering the outdoor heat exchanger 4. Any position can be used.
- the indoor heat exchanger 32 includes, for example, a heat transfer tube that allows the refrigerant to pass therethrough and fins (not shown) for increasing the heat transfer area between the refrigerant flowing through the heat transfer tube and the air. Exchange heat with. For example, it functions as an evaporator during cooling operation, and evaporates the refrigerant to gas (gas). On the other hand, it functions as a condenser or a gas cooler (hereinafter referred to as a condenser) during heating operation.
- a condenser or a gas cooler
- the expansion valve 31a is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 32a, and the expansion valve 31b is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 32b.
- the expansion valves 31a and 31b adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the indoor heat exchangers 32a and 32b. When the refrigerant is not sufficiently depressurized by the expander 8, the high and low pressures are adjusted by the expansion valves 31a and 31b.
- the low-pressure refrigerant sucked into the first compressor 1 is compressed to a high temperature and intermediate pressure (from state A to state B).
- the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 1 is sucked into the second compressor 2 and further compressed to become high temperature and high pressure (from state B to state C).
- the refrigerant discharged from the second compressor 2 passes through the first four-way valve 3 and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 4.
- the refrigerant that dissipates heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 4 and transfers heat to the outdoor air becomes low temperature and high pressure (from state C to state D).
- the refrigerant exiting the outdoor heat exchanger 4 branches into a path toward the second four-way valve 6 and a path toward the bypass valve 5.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the second four-way valve 6 passes through the pre-expansion valve 7 (from the state D to the state E), is sucked into the expander 8 and is decompressed to a low pressure, resulting in a low dryness state (state) E to state F).
- the expander 8 power is generated as the refrigerant is decompressed, and this power is recovered by the drive shaft 52 and transmitted to the second compressor 2, and the refrigerant is compressed by the second compressor 2.
- the refrigerant discharged from the expander 8 passes through the check valve 9 and the second four-way valve 6, and then merges with the refrigerant that has passed through the bypass pipe 25 toward the bypass valve 5 (from state F to state G). Then, it leaves the outdoor unit 101, passes through the liquid pipe 28, enters the indoor units 102a and 102b, and enters the expansion valves 31a and 31b.
- the refrigerant is further depressurized (from the state G to the state I).
- the refrigerant that has exited the expansion valves 31a and 31b absorbs heat from the indoor air in the indoor heat exchangers 32a and 32b and evaporates. Thereby, indoor air is cooled.
- the refrigerant exiting the indoor heat exchangers 32a and 32b exits the indoor units 102a and 102b, passes through the gas pipe 29, enters the outdoor unit 101, passes through the first four-way valve 3, and enters the accumulator 11. Then, it is sucked into the first compressor 1 again.
- the heat of the indoor air is transmitted to the outdoor air, and the room is cooled.
- the bypass valve 10 is closed and no refrigerant flows into the bypass pipe 24.
- the low-pressure refrigerant sucked into the first compressor 1 is compressed to a high temperature and intermediate pressure (from state A to state B).
- the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 1 is sucked into the second compressor 2 and further compressed to become high temperature and high pressure (from state B to state J).
- the refrigerant discharged from the second compressor 2 passes through the first four-way valve 3 and exits the outdoor unit 101.
- the refrigerant exiting the outdoor unit 101 passes through the gas pipe 29, enters the indoor units 102a and 102b, enters the indoor heat exchangers 32a and 2b, dissipates heat in the indoor heat exchangers 32a and 32b, and indoor air.
- the refrigerant that has transferred the heat to low temperature and high pressure (from state J to state I).
- the refrigerant that has exited the indoor heat exchangers 32a and 32b is decompressed by the expansion valves 31a and 31b (from state I to state G).
- the refrigerant that has passed through the second four-way valve 6 passes through the pre-expansion valve 7 (from the state G to the state E), enters the expander 8, is decompressed to a low pressure, and has a low dryness (state E). To state F). At this time, in the expander 8, power is generated as the refrigerant is decompressed, and this power is recovered by the drive shaft 52 and transmitted to the second compressor 2, and the refrigerant is compressed by the second compressor 2. Used for.
- the refrigerant that has left the expander 8 passes through the check valve 9 and the second four-way valve 6, and then merges with the refrigerant that has passed through the bypass pipe 25 toward the bypass valve 5 (from state F to state D). The outdoor heat exchanger 4 is entered.
- the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outdoor air and evaporates, and the dryness is high (state D to state C) while maintaining a low pressure.
- the refrigerant that has exited the outdoor heat exchanger 4 passes through the first four-way valve 3, enters the accumulator 11, and is sucked into the first compressor 1 again.
- the second compressor 2 and the expander 8 are not limited to the scroll type, but may be other positive displacement types.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the scroll type expander 8 integrated with the second compressor 2.
- the expander 8 that expands the refrigerant and collects power includes the spiral teeth 67 of the expander fixed scroll 59 and the spiral teeth 65 on the lower surface of the swing scroll 57.
- the second compressor 2 that compresses the refrigerant by the power recovered by the expander 8 includes the spiral teeth 66 of the compressor fixed scroll 58 and the spiral teeth 64 on the upper surface of the swing scroll 57. That is, the spiral teeth 65 of the expander 8 and the spiral teeth 64 of the second compressor 2 are integrally formed on both sides of the common base plate in the swing scroll 57 so that the swing scroll 57 swings. When moved, it can compress on the one hand and expand on the other hand.
- the high-temperature medium-pressure refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 1 is sucked from the suction pipe 53 of the second compressor 2, and the swirl teeth 66 of the compressor fixed scroll 58 and the swirl teeth 64 of the swing scroll 57.
- the second compressor 2 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the second compressor 2. Then, by the swing of the swing scroll 57, the refrigerant gradually moves the second compressor 2 to the inner peripheral side and is compressed to a high temperature and a high pressure.
- the compressed refrigerant is discharged from the discharge pipe 54 of the second compressor 2.
- the high-pressure refrigerant cooled by the outdoor heat exchanger 4 or the indoor heat exchanger 32 is sucked from the suction pipe 55 of the expander 8, and the swirl teeth 67 of the expander fixed scroll and the swirl teeth of the swing scroll 57. 65 is introduced into the inner peripheral side of the expander 8.
- the refrigerant gradually moves the expander 8 to the outer peripheral side and expands to a low pressure.
- the expanded refrigerant is discharged from the discharge pipe 56 of the expander 8.
- the power that expands the refrigerant by the expander 8 is collected via the drive shaft 52 and transmitted to the second compressor 2 to be used as compression power.
- FIG. 6 schematically shows the distribution of the thrust load acting on the second compressor 2 side and the distribution of the thrust load acting on the expander 8 side at the design points of the second compressor 2 and the expander 8. It is shown.
- the thrust load acting on the second compressor 2 side is a force for pressing the orbiting scroll 57 toward the fixed scroll 59 of the expander 8.
- the thrust load acting on the expander 8 side is a force for pressing the swing scroll 57 in the direction of the fixed scroll 58 of the second compressor 2.
- the high pressure is the discharge pressure of the second compressor 2
- the medium pressure is the suction pressure of the second compressor 2
- the low pressure is the discharge pressure of the expander 8.
- the reference pressure of the force to be pressed is a low pressure.
- the thrust load acting on the second compressor 2 by the refrigerant compressed by the second compressor 2 is obtained.
- An area where the swing scroll 57 receives a load from the refrigerant compressed by the second compressor 2 is Sc [mm2].
- medium pressure PM ⁇ low pressure PL [MPa] which is the difference between the pressure on the outer peripheral side of the second compressor 2 and the reference pressure
- high pressure PH ⁇ which is the difference between the pressure on the inner peripheral side and the reference pressure.
- the thrust load Fthc [N] of the second compressor 2 can be obtained by the equation (1).
- Fthc (PH + PM-2PL) / 2 ⁇ Sc (1)
- a thrust load acting on the expander 8 by the refrigerant expanding in the expander 8 is obtained.
- An area where the swing scroll 57 receives a load from the refrigerant expanding in the expander 8 is Se [mm2]. Since the outer peripheral side of the expander 8 has the same low pressure as the reference pressure, if 1/2 of the high pressure PH-low pressure PL [MPa], which is the difference between the inner peripheral pressure and the reference pressure, acts on Se, the expansion will occur.
- the thrust load Fthe [N] of the machine 8 is obtained by the equation (2).
- Fthe (PH-PL) / 2 ⁇ Se (2)
- FIG. 8 is a Pv diagram in the case of an appropriate expansion process in which the outlet of the expander 8 is in the state F
- FIG. 9 is a Pv diagram in the case of an overexpansion process in which the outlet of the expander 8 is in the state F2. is there.
- the refrigerant is sucked and partitioned by the spiral teeth 67 of the expander fixed scroll and the spiral teeth 65 of the orbiting scroll 57 in the state of pressure PH and volume Vei, and as the volume V increases.
- the partitioned refrigerant is decompressed.
- Po is the expander.
- the pressure is the lowest inside. Assuming that adiabatic expansion is performed inside the expander 8, Po is a pressure determined by the suction pressure PH of the expander 8 and the expansion volume ratio Vi / Vo of the expander 8.
- the refrigerant partitioned by the spiral teeth 67 of the expander fixed scroll 59 and the spiral teeth 65 of the swing scroll 57 passes through the discharge pipe 56 of the expander 8 and is released to the low pressure PL.
- the pressure Po at which the expansion ends and the low pressure PL are substantially equal.
- the discharge pressure PL2 of the expander 8 is higher than Po2 (appropriate discharge pressure) at which the pressure is lowest in the expansion process of the expander 8.
- Po2 appropriate discharge pressure
- the refrigerant partitioned by the spiral teeth 67 of the expander fixed scroll 59 and the spiral teeth 65 of the swing scroll 57 is released to the discharge pipe 56 of the expander 8 from Po2 where the pressure is lowest.
- the discharge pressure PL2 of the expander 8 becomes higher than the appropriate discharge pressure Po2 is referred to as overexpansion.
- an operation of appropriately reducing the discharge pressure of the expander 8 may be performed so that the discharge pressure of the expander 8 does not become higher than the appropriate discharge pressure.
- FIG. 10 shows the distribution of thrust load acting on the second compressor 2 side of the second compressor 2 and the expander 8 when the high pressure is PH2, the medium pressure is PM2, and the low pressure is PL2, and the expander
- the distribution of the thrust load acting on the 8 side is schematically shown.
- the thrust load Fthc2 [N] acting on the second compressor 2 side of the orbiting scroll 57 is obtained by the equation (5) similarly to the equation (1).
- Fthc2 (PH2 + PM2-2PL2) / 2 ⁇ Sc (5)
- the pressure on the outer periphery of the swing scroll 57 on the expander 8 side is the pressure Po2 at which the expansion ends, and is lower than the low pressure PL2. That is, on the outer peripheral side of the orbiting scroll 57, a force in the opposite direction to the inner peripheral side acts, so that the thrust load Fthe2 acting on the spiral teeth 65 of the orbiting scroll 57 is expressed by the inequality (6). It becomes smaller than calculated
- the refrigerant is compressed until the refrigerant is released to the low pressure PL2 from the pressure Po2 at which the expansion ends.
- the recovery power decreases and the driving force of the second compressor 2 decreases. Then, the rotation speed of the 2nd compressor 2 and the expander 8 will fall further.
- the discharge pressure of the expander 8 is reduced by the following method to prevent the expansion process in the expander 8 from becoming overexpanded. Yes. Specifically, a bypass pipe 24 that bypasses the refrigerant from the discharge pipe 23 of the expander 8 to the inlet pipe 27 of the accumulator 11 is provided, and the bypass valve 10 that adjusts the bypass amount of the refrigerant is provided in the bypass pipe 24.
- the discharge pressure of the expander 8 can be reduced. It is possible to prevent the expansion process in the expander 8 from being excessively expanded.
- a check valve 9 is provided on the downstream side of the connection port of the bypass pipe 24 of the discharge pipe 23 of the expander 8.
- the pressure in the state G is higher as apparent from FIG. Therefore, the refrigerant flows from the higher pressure to the lower pressure, which is prevented by the check valve 9. That is, the check valve 9 prevents the refrigerant that has passed through the bypass pipe 25 from flowing from the G point to the F point in FIG. 1 and flows into the accumulator 11 through the bypass pipe 24.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an operation of preventing the expander from overexpanding in the air conditioner according to the first embodiment.
- the pressure P detected by a certain pressure sensor may be denoted as P (sign) (for example, P (83) in the case of the pressure sensor 83) using the sign of the pressure sensor.
- the air conditioner regularly checks the operation of the expander 8 during scheduled control such as normal cooling operation and heating operation, and performs an operation to prevent the expander 8 from being overexpanded. . That is, the control device 103 determines whether a predetermined time has elapsed during the scheduled control (step S101). After a predetermined time has elapsed, it is determined whether the value of the pressure P (82) detected by the pressure sensor 82 is higher than the discharge pressure (appropriate discharge pressure) Po of the expander 8 at the time of proper expansion (step S102). As described above, the proper discharge pressure Po is determined by the current suction pressure and suction temperature of the expander 8 and the suction temperature and proper discharge pressure Po for each suction pressure of the expander 8 stored in the control device 103 in advance. And the relationship data.
- step S104 the control device 103 increases the opening L10 of the bypass valve 10 provided in the bypass pipe 24 by a predetermined amount ⁇ L to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing in the bypass pipe 24 (step S103). ).
- the bypass valve 10 is opened to connect the discharge side from the expander 8 and the suction side of the accumulator 11 having the lowest pressure in the refrigeration cycle, and the refrigerant discharged from the expander 8 flows to the bypass pipe 24 side.
- the discharge pressure P (82) of the expander 8 can be lowered by sucking into the accumulator 11.
- control device 102 determines in step S103 that P (82) has become lower than Po, the control device 102 ends the operation of closing the bypass valve 10 to prevent overexpansion.
- FIG. 12 shows an example of the relationship between the suction temperature for each suction pressure of the expander 8 and the appropriate discharge pressure Po.
- FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the suction pressure and the appropriate discharge pressure when the suction pressure is 10 MPa, 9 MPa, and 8 MPa.
- the suction specific volume is obtained from the suction pressure and the suction temperature of the expander 8. Further, since the relationship between the suction volume Vi and the discharge volume Vo of the expander 8 is constant, the specific volume at the time when the expansion process ends can be obtained from the suction specific volume of the expander 8.
- the appropriate discharge pressure Po can be roughly calculated from the specific volume.
- the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 85 that is the suction pressure of the expander 8 the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 91 that is the suction temperature, and the relationship diagram shown in FIG.
- the proper discharge pressure Po according to the suction pressure and the suction temperature of the expander 8 can be estimated approximately.
- the refrigerant exiting the outdoor heat exchanger 4 branches into a path toward the second four-way valve 6 and a path toward the bypass valve 5.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the second four-way valve 6 passes through the pre-expansion valve 7 (from the state D3 to the state E3), is sucked into the expander 8, and is decompressed to a low pressure, resulting in a low dryness state (state) E3 to state F3).
- the refrigerant discharged from the expander 8 flows from the discharge pipe 23 of the expander 8 to the bypass pipe 24. Then, the pressure is further reduced by the bypass valve 10 (from state F3 to state M).
- the refrigerant that has been depressurized after passing through the bypass valve 5 exits the outdoor unit 101, passes through the liquid pipe 28, enters the indoor units 102a, 102b, and expands valves 31a, 31b. Enter.
- the refrigerant state G3 after passing through the bypass valve 5 is compared with the refrigerant state F3 after passing through the expander 8, the refrigerant pressure in the state G3 is higher.
- the refrigerant flows from the higher pressure side to the lower pressure side, but here, since the check valve 9 is provided as described above, the refrigerant flows in the flow path between point G and point F in FIG. Does not flow, and all the refrigerant that has passed through the bypass valve 5 flows in the flow path toward the indoor units 102a and 102b.
- the refrigerant is further depressurized (from the state G3 to the state I3).
- the refrigerant that has exited the expansion valves 31a and 31b absorbs heat from the indoor air in the indoor heat exchangers 32a and 32b and evaporates, and remains in a low pressure state and a high dryness state (from state I3 to state J).
- the refrigerant discharged from the accumulator 11 is again sucked into the first compressor 1.
- the suction pressure of the first compressor 1 may increase.
- the opening pressure of the pre-expansion valve 7 may be reduced when the bypass valve 10 is opened to reduce the suction pressure of the expander 8.
- coolant which flows through the expander 8 will reduce if the opening degree of the pre-expansion valve 7 is made small, what is necessary is just to open the bypass valve 5.
- the check valve 9 is provided downstream of the connection port of the bypass pipe 24 of the discharge pipe 23 of the expander 8, the refrigerant flowing through the bypass pipe 25 passes through the bypass pipe 24 and flows into the accumulator 11. Can be prevented.
- FIG. 14 is a Pv diagram showing an expansion process when the suction pressure of the expander becomes low.
- the suction pressure Pi3 of the expander 8 becomes lower than the suction pressure Pi2 at the inlet E2.
- the degree of pressure change with respect to volume change during the expansion process is reduced, and therefore, the difference between the suction pressure Pi of the expander 8 and the appropriate discharge pressure Po compared to when the suction pressure of the expander 8 is high (Pi2). Therefore, the discharge pressure PL3 of the expander 8 can be easily brought close to the appropriate discharge pressure Po.
- the refrigerant discharged from the expander 8 is a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
- the first compressor 1 directly sucks this refrigerant, the first compressor 1 performs liquid compression. This impairs the reliability of the compressor. Therefore, in the air conditioner according to the present embodiment, since the refrigerant flowing through the bypass pipe 24 is connected to the inlet pipe 27 of the accumulator 11, even if the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flows through the bypass pipe 24, the gas-liquid Since the two-phase refrigerant can be stored in the accumulator 11, the first compressor 1 can be prevented from liquid compression.
- the expansion process of the expander 8 is transiently overexpanded depending on the operating state of the air conditioner, and the thrust load acting on the second compressor 2 and the expander 8 is increased. Even if the driving force of the second compressor 2 further decreases and the rotation of the second compressor 2 and the expander 8 becomes unstable, the discharge pressure of the expander 8 can be increased by opening the bypass valve 10. Can be reliably lowered to prevent overexpansion. Therefore, the rotation of the second compressor 2 and the expander 8 can be stabilized, and there is no need to stop the operation of the air conditioner.
- the bypass valve 10 is opened only when the discharge pressure of the expander 8 becomes higher than the appropriate discharge pressure during the scheduled control.
- the refrigerant does not flow into the accumulator 11 unnecessarily.
- the refrigerant saturation pressure can be calculated from the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 92 to obtain the outlet pressure of the bypass valve 5. Then, when the outlet pressure of the bypass valve 5 becomes lower than Po, the end condition is set.
- the pressure P (82) detected by the pressure sensor 82 is higher than the appropriate discharge pressure Po of the expander 8 in the control for preventing overexpansion as shown in FIG.
- the pressure at which the control is started may be slightly higher than the appropriate discharge pressure Po of the expander 8. This is because the air conditioner is not immediately adversely affected if the expander 8 becomes excessively expanded.
- the air conditioner frequently performs control to prevent overexpansion. Can be prevented.
- an end condition for ending the control for preventing overexpansion is, for example, when the pressure P (83) detected by the pressure sensor 83 is lower than the appropriate discharge pressure Po of the expander 8 during the cooling operation.
- the pressure for finishing the control may be slightly lower than the appropriate discharge pressure Po of the expander 8.
- the exit pressure of the bypass valve 5 is set as the exit pressure of the bypass valve 5 using the pressure calculated from the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 92 as the end condition for ending the control to prevent overexpansion.
- the pressure at which the control is actually finished may be somewhat lower than the appropriate discharge pressure Po of the expander 8.
- the control for preventing overexpansion can be prevented from being repeated frequently by giving a certain width to the pressure for starting control for preventing overexpansion and the pressure for finishing control for preventing overexpansion. .
- the air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 opens the bypass valve 10 when the discharge pressure of the expander 8 is higher than the appropriate discharge pressure, and prevents the expander 8 from being overexpanded. Therefore, the thrust load of the second compressor 2 and the expander 8 can be reduced. Further, since the thrust load of the second compressor 2 and the expander 8 can be reduced, the driving force of the second compressor 2 can be easily obtained, so that the rotation speed of the expander 8 can be stabilized. .
- the air conditioner according to the first embodiment determines the start of the operation for preventing the expansion of the expander 8 (the opening of the bypass valve 10 is increased by a predetermined amount ⁇ L) based on the discharge pressure of the expander 8.
- ⁇ L the discharge pressure of the expander 8.
- other physical quantities of the refrigerant correlated with the discharge pressure of the expander 8 may be used.
- the rotational speeds of the second compressor 2 and the expander 8 may be directly detected, and the rotational speeds may be used as judgment materials.
- the second compressor 2 is provided in the refrigerant path between the first compressor 1 and the first four-way valve 3, and is driven from the expander 8. Power is transmitted to the second compressor 2 via the shaft 52.
- the power generated when the refrigerant is decompressed by the expander 8 can be used by the second compressor 2, and the efficiency of the air conditioner can be improved.
- the air conditioner according to the first embodiment is configured such that the swing scroll 57 is disposed between the pair of fixed scrolls 58 and 59 and the swing scroll 57 is swingably supported by the drive shaft 52. ing.
- the expander fixed scroll 59 and the swing scroll 57 constitute the expander 8 to expand the refrigerant
- the compressor fixed scroll 58 and the swing scroll 57 constitute the second compressor 2 to supply the refrigerant. Since it is compressed, a small and highly efficient air conditioner can be realized.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 4 and the indoor heat exchangers 32a and 32b are heat exchangers that exchange heat with air, but other heat mediums such as water and brine. It is good also as a heat exchanger which performs heat exchange with.
- the second compressor 2 is provided on the downstream side of the first compressor 1, but the second compressor 2 is disposed on the first compressor 1. It may be provided on the upstream side.
- the refrigerant path switching corresponding to the operation mode related to air conditioning is performed by the first four-way valve 3 and the second four-way valve 6.
- the refrigerant flow path may be switched by a valve, a three-way valve, a check valve, or the like.
- moves only with the rotational power transmitted from the expander 8 was demonstrated, of course, it is not restricted to this, For example, with the rotational power transmitted from the expander 8, it is from an electric motor.
- moves with rotational power may be sufficient.
- the power transmission destination recovered by the expander 8 may be a generator.
- Embodiment 2 FIG. In the first embodiment described above, the expander 8 is prevented from being excessively expanded during operation. In the second embodiment, the expander 8 is prevented from being overexpanded when the air conditioner is started.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an operation of preventing the expander 8 from overexpanding according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a figure which shows the change of the high voltage
- a broken line shows a case where the operation for preventing the expander 8 from being over-expanded is not performed.
- the solid line indicates the case where the operation for preventing the expander 8 from being overexpanded is performed, that is, the case where the control illustrated in FIG. 15 is performed.
- the high-pressure PH and the expander discharge pressure of the air conditioner are equalized, It is shown that when the first compressor 1 is started, the high pressure PH gradually increases and the expander discharge pressure gradually decreases.
- step S201 the control device 103 determines whether the air conditioner is in a cooling operation or a heating operation (step S202). The heating operation (step S204) is omitted here. If it is determined that the cooling operation is performed in step S202 (step S203), the first four-way valve 3 and the second four-way valve 6 are set in the cooling circuit (step S205). Thereafter, the opening degree of the bypass valve 10 is set to L10 (step S206).
- L10 may be determined such that the frequency at which the first compressor 1 is started is determined by the control device 103 so that the pressure loss does not become too large in the bypass valve 10.
- control apparatus 103 starts the 1st compressor 1 (step S207).
- the control device 103 determines whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed after the start of the first compressor 1 (step S208). Immediately after the air conditioner is started, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant change transiently, so the predetermined time should be shortened from about 10 seconds to about 30 seconds.
- the control device 103 determines whether the pressure P (82) detected by the pressure sensor 82, which is the discharge pressure of the expander 8, is lower than the proper discharge pressure Po of the expander 8 (step S209).
- the proper discharge pressure Po is determined by the current suction pressure and suction temperature of the expander 8 and the suction temperature and proper discharge pressure Po for each suction pressure of the expander 8 stored in the control device 103 in advance. And the relationship data.
- the discharge pressure of the expander 8 at the time of starting the air conditioner is higher than the appropriate discharge pressure as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the air conditioner is started, step 209 and step S208 are repeated, and the determination in step S209 is performed every time a predetermined time elapses.
- the discharge pressure of the expander 8 gradually decreases as shown in FIG. 16 by starting the first compressor 1.
- the control device 103 decreases the opening degree L10 of the bypass valve 10 by a preset ⁇ L2 (step S210), and opens the opening degree of the bypass valve 10.
- the processing from step S208 to step S210 is repeated. That is, the control device 103 gradually closes the bypass valve 10 until the opening degree of the bypass valve 10 reaches the minimum opening degree L10 min.
- the control device 103 shifts to the regular control (step S212).
- the overexpansion preventing operation after shifting to the regular control is the same as in the first embodiment.
- the refrigerant pressure when the operation for preventing the expander 8 from being overexpanded and when the operation for preventing the expander 8 from being overexpanded is performed are performed.
- FIG. 16 it is possible to lower the expander discharge pressure more quickly when the operation for preventing the expander 8 from being overexpanded is performed. That is, when the air conditioner is started, the bypass valve 10 is opened to allow the discharge side of the expander 8 and the suction side of the first compressor 1 to communicate with each other.
- the place where the refrigerant becomes low pressure in the air conditioner during the cooling operation is from the discharge side of the expander 8 to the suction side of the first compressor 1.
- the air conditioner is a multi air conditioner for buildings, and the number of indoor units 102 is large, or the length of the liquid pipe 28 and the gas pipe 29 is, for example, more than 50 m.
- the second embodiment works favorably in such a case.
- the refrigerant flowing through the bypass pipe 24 is adjusted by adjusting not only the bypass valve 10 but also the pre-expansion valve 7 and the bypass valve 5. And the ratio of the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 32 can be adjusted.
- the second embodiment is at the time of air heating operation. But it is effective.
- the bypass valve 10 is set to the minimum opening and the refrigerant is discharged. Since it does not flow, the refrigerant bypasses the indoor heat exchanger 32 during the cooling operation, and the cooling capacity is not impaired. Further, the refrigerant liquid does not flow into the accumulator 11 excessively during the heating operation.
- Embodiment 3 FIG.
- the second compressor 2 directly sucks the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 1.
- the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 1 is cooled by the intermediate cooler 4 a and then sucked into the second compressor 2.
- the third embodiment is the same as the first and second embodiments in that the control shown in FIGS. 11 and 15 is performed as an operation for preventing the expander 8 from being overexpanded.
- FIG. 17 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during the cooling operation of the air conditioner according to the third embodiment.
- a refrigerant that bypasses the discharge pipe 23 of the expander 8 to the inlet pipe of the accumulator 11 (a refrigerant that passes through the first bypass valve 10 and returns to the first compressor 1), and a refrigerant that passes through the bypass valve 5 (main heat dissipation)
- the refrigerant heat exchanger 14 for exchanging heat with the refrigerant (bypassed to the indoor heat exchanger 102 functioning as an evaporator) from the vessel 4b is provided.
- the refrigerant heat exchanger 14 passes through the bypass valve 10 of the bypass pipe 24 that is bypassed from the discharge pipe 23 of the expander 8 to the inlet pipe of the accumulator 11 through one flow path through which the refrigerant that has passed through the bypass valve 5 passes. And the other flow path through which the refrigerant passes.
- the inlet of one flow path is connected to the bypass valve 5 and the second four-way valve 6, and the outlet is connected to the expansion valves 31a and 31b.
- the inlet of the other channel is connected to the bypass valve 10, and the outlet is connected to the accumulator 11.
- bypass pipe 46 having one end connected to the suction pipe 21 of the second compressor 2 and the other end connected to the inlet pipe of the accumulator 11 is provided, and the bypass valve 15 is provided with the bypass valve 15. ing.
- the bypass valve 15 is opened during an operation for preventing the expander 8 from being overexpanded.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is divided into two heat exchangers 4a and 4b.
- the heat exchanger 4a functions as an intermediate cooler
- the exchanger 4b functions as a main radiator.
- both the heat exchangers 4a and 4b function as an evaporator.
- On-off valves 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b, and 13c are provided to change the refrigerant path flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 4 between the cooling operation and the heating operation of the air conditioner.
- the on-off valves 12a, 12b are opened and the on-off valves 13a, 13b, 13c are closed.
- the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 1 passes through the intermediate cooler 4a and then flows into the second compressor 2.
- the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 1 is once cooled before the second compressor 2 sucks it.
- the refrigerant discharged from the second compressor 2 passes through the main radiator 4b and then flows into the expander 8. In this way, the refrigerant discharged from the second compressor 2 is cooled by passing the refrigerant discharged from the second compressor 2 through the main radiator 4b.
- the on-off valves 12a, 12b are closed and the on-off valves 13a, 13b, 13c are opened.
- the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 1 is sucked into the second compressor 2.
- the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 4 flows in parallel to the heat exchanger 4a and the heat exchanger 4b, and then travels to the first compressor 1.
- the heat exchanger 4a and the heat exchanger 4b function as an evaporator during the heating operation.
- the operation of the air conditioner according to Embodiment 3 during the cooling operation will be described with reference to the refrigerant circuit diagram of FIG. 17 and the Ph diagram of FIG.
- the operation of the air conditioner in a state where the bypass valve 10 is opened will be described as an operation for preventing the expander 8 from being overexpanded.
- the bypass valve 10 when the bypass valve 10 is opened, the point that the refrigerant does not flow into the flow path between the point F and the point G in FIG.
- the gas refrigerant sucked into the first compressor 1 is compressed and discharged as a supercritical (or gas) refrigerant of medium pressure and high temperature (from state A to state B).
- the refrigerant that has exited the first compressor 1 flows to the intercooler 4a through the pipe 43.
- the medium-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant is cooled by heat exchange with the outside air while passing through the intermediate cooler 4a, and flows out as a medium-pressure and medium-temperature supercritical (or gas) refrigerant (from state B to state L). 42, sucked into the second compressor 2 through the suction pipe 21 of the second compressor 2. At this time, a part of the refrigerant cooled by the intermediate cooler 4a flows through the bypass pipe 46 and expands by the bypass valve 15 (from the state L to the state O).
- the refrigerant sucked into the second compressor 2 is further compressed and discharged as a high-pressure and high-temperature supercritical (or gas) refrigerant (from state L to state C).
- the refrigerant leaving the second compressor 2 passes through the first four-way valve 3 and flows to the main radiator 4b.
- the high-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant is cooled by heat exchange with the outside air while passing through the main radiator 4b, and flows out as a high-pressure and low-temperature supercritical (or liquid) refrigerant (from state C to state D).
- the refrigerant that has exited the main radiator 4 b branches into a path toward the second four-way valve 6 and a path toward the bypass valve 5.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the second four-way valve 6 passes through the pre-expansion valve 7 (from the state D to the state E), is sucked into the expander 8 and is decompressed to a low pressure, resulting in a low dryness state (state) E to state F).
- the expander 8 power is generated as the refrigerant is decompressed, and this power is recovered by the drive shaft 52 and transmitted to the second compressor 2, and the refrigerant is compressed by the second compressor 2. Used for.
- the refrigerant discharged from the expander 8 enters the bypass pipe 24 from the discharge pipe 23 of the expander 8 and is depressurized by the bypass valve 10 (from state F to state M), and flows in the other flow path of the refrigerant heat exchanger 14.
- the refrigerant heat exchanger 14 is entered from the inlet.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 4 and flowing into the bypass pipe 25 is depressurized by the bypass valve 5 (from state F to state G), and refrigerant heat exchange is performed from the inlet of one flow path of the refrigerant heat exchanger 14. Enter the vessel 14.
- the refrigerant in the other side is more than the refrigerant in the state G flowing into the one-side flow path.
- the refrigerant in the state M flowing into the flow path on the side has a lower pressure and a lower temperature. Therefore, the other-side refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant heat exchanger 14 via the bypass valve 10 is heated by exchanging heat with the one-side refrigerant, so that the dryness is higher (from state M to state N).
- the refrigerant on the one side that has flowed to the refrigerant heat exchanger 14 via the bypass valve 5 is cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the other side, so that the dryness is lower (from state G to state H).
- the bypass valve 10 is opened during the operation for preventing the expander 8 from being over-expanded. 15 is also opened so that the refrigerant flows through the bypass pipe 46.
- the discharge pressure of the second compressor 2 can be adjusted. For this reason, when the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the expander 8 decreases and the rotation speeds of the expander 8 and the second compressor 2 decrease, the bypass valve 15 is opened to discharge the second compressor 2. The pressure can be prevented from becoming too high.
- the opening degree of the bypass valve 15 is adjusted based on the pressure P (81) detected by the pressure sensor 81, which is the discharge pressure of the second compressor 2, for example.
- the medium-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 1 during the cooling operation is once cooled by the intermediate cooler 4a, and then the second compressor 2 is used. It is further compressed with. For this reason, compared with the case where it compresses to a high pressure with the 2nd compressor 2 without cooling a medium pressure refrigerant
- the intermediate cooler 4a and the main radiator 4b are connected in series during the cooling operation, the heat transfer performance can be improved and heat can be dissipated. Since it connects in parallel at the time of heating operation, pressure loss can be reduced.
- the bypass valve 5 and the bypass valve 15 are adjusted when the air conditioner is activated. For this reason, when the air conditioner is started, the refrigerant flows through the second compressor 2 and the expander 8 even when the refrigerant flow rates of the second compressor 2 and the expander 8 do not match and the rotation becomes unstable. Each refrigerant can be activated while being appropriately bypassed.
- the refrigerant flowing through the bypass pipe 24 and the indoor heat exchanger 32a during the operation of preventing the expander 8 from overexpanding during the cooling operation, Heat is exchanged in the refrigerant heat exchanger 14 with the refrigerant flowing into 32b. For this reason, in the indoor heat exchangers 32a and 32b, the refrigeration effect can be increased. Furthermore, since the dryness of the refrigerant flowing through the bypass pipe 24 can be increased, the amount of liquid refrigerant flowing into the accumulator 11 can be further reduced.
- the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 4 during the heating operation is cooled by the refrigerant heat exchanger 14 before flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 4, the dryness of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is further reduced. can do. For this reason, the pressure loss of the refrigerant
- the refrigerant heat exchanger 14 flows the refrigerant so that the refrigerants are opposed to each other during the cooling operation, and therefore the indoor heat exchanger 32a, Heat exchange can be performed so as to reduce the enthalpy of the refrigerant flowing into 32b.
- the opening degree of the bypass valve 15 is adjusted during the operation of preventing the expander 8 from being overexpanded.
- the discharge pressure is adjusted. For this reason, when the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the expander 8 decreases and the rotation speed of the expander 8 and the second compressor 2 decreases, the discharge pressure of the second compressor 2 is prevented from becoming too high. it can.
- the bypass valve 15 and the bypass pipe 46 may be provided in the refrigerant circuit of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the same effect can be obtained in this case.
- the intermediate-pressure high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 1 is cooled by the intermediate cooler 4a only during the cooling operation. Also, it may be configured to perform intermediate cooling.
- the bypass pipe 46 is connected to the suction pipe 21 of the second compressor 2 so that the refrigerant exiting the intermediate cooler 4a is bypassed to the accumulator 11.
- the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 1 may be bypassed.
- the second compressor 2 is provided on the downstream side of the first compressor 1, but the second compressor 2 is disposed on the first compressor 1. It may be provided on the upstream side.
- the power collected by the expander 8 is used as the power for the second compressor 2.
- the power is used by the second compressor 2. It is not limited to. For example, it may be used as power for the first compressor 1 or power for a generator used for driving the refrigeration cycle.
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Abstract
Description
図1は本発明の実施の形態1に係る冷凍サイクル装置を備えた空気調和機の冷房運転時における冷媒回路図である。図2は図1の空気調和機の冷房運転時における冷媒回路図である。
図1の空気調和機は、電気モーターにより駆動されて冷媒を圧縮する第1の圧縮機1と、第2の圧縮機2と、室外熱交換器4と、内部を通過する冷媒を膨張させて冷媒から動力を回収する膨張機8と、室内熱交換器32とが順次配管接続された冷凍サイクル装置を備えている。第2の圧縮機2と膨張機8とは駆動軸52により連結され、膨張機8により回収された動力により駆動軸52を介して第2の圧縮機2が駆動される。
暖房運転時には、第2の圧縮機2から室内熱交換器32、膨張機8、室外熱交換器4、アキュムレータ11、第1の圧縮機1の順に冷媒が流れ、第2の圧縮機2に戻る。
第1の四方弁3及び第2の四方弁6により、膨張機8及び第2の圧縮機2を通過する冷媒の方向は、冷房運転及び暖房運転によらず同一方向になる。
次に、本実施の形態1に係る空気調和機の冷房運転時の動作について、図1の冷媒回路図と、図2のP-h線図で説明する。なお、図1と図2の記号A~Kは、互いに対応している。なお、後述の図においても、冷媒回路とその冷媒回路に対応するP-h線図における各記号は対応しているものとする。ここで、冷凍サイクル回路等における圧力の高低については、基準となる圧力との関係により定まるものではなく、第1の圧縮機1及び第2の圧縮機2の圧縮、バイパス弁5や膨張機8の減圧等によりできる相対的な圧力として高圧、低圧として表すものとする。また、温度の高低についても同様であるものとする。また、ここではバイパス弁10は閉じられ、バイパス配管24には冷媒が流れないものとする。
第1の圧縮機1から吐出された冷媒は、第2の圧縮機2に吸入され、さらに圧縮されて高温高圧になる(状態Bから状態C)。
第2の圧縮機2を吐出された冷媒は、第1の四方弁3を通過して、室外熱交換器4に入る。
室外熱交換器4で熱を放散して室外空気に熱を伝達した冷媒は、低温高圧になる(状態Cから状態D)。
室外熱交換器4を出た冷媒は、第2の四方弁6へ向かう経路と、バイパス弁5へ向かう経路とに分岐する。
このとき、膨張機8では、冷媒の減圧に伴って動力が発生し、この動力は駆動軸52によって回収されて、第2の圧縮機2に伝達され、第2の圧縮機2による冷媒の圧縮に使用される。
膨張機8から吐出された冷媒は、逆止弁9と第2の四方弁6とを通過した後、バイパス弁5へ向かってバイパス配管25を通過した冷媒と合流し(状態Fから状態G)、室外機101を出て液管28を通過して、室内機102a,102bに入り、膨張弁31a,31bへ入る。
膨張弁31a,31bを出た冷媒は、室内熱交換器32a,32bで室内空気から吸熱して蒸発し、低圧のまま、乾き度が高い状態になる(状態Iから状態J)。
これにより、室内空気は冷却される。
室内熱交換器32a,32bを出た冷媒は、室内機102a,102bを出て、ガス管29を通過して、室外機101に入り、第1の四方弁3を通過してアキュムレータ11に入り、再び第1の圧縮機1に吸入される。
上述した動作を繰り返すことで、室内の空気の熱が室外の空気へ伝達されて、室内が冷房される。
暖房運転時には、まず、第1の圧縮機1に吸入された低圧の冷媒は、圧縮されて高温中圧となる(状態Aから状態B)。
第1の圧縮機1から吐出された冷媒は、第2の圧縮機2に吸入され、さらに圧縮されて高温高圧になる(状態Bから状態J)。
第2の圧縮機2から吐出された冷媒は、第1の四方弁3を通過して、室外機101を出る。
室内熱交換器32a,32bを出た冷媒は、膨張弁31a,31bで減圧される(状態Iから状態G)。
膨張弁31a,31bを出た冷媒は、室内機102a,102bを出て、液管28を通過して室外機101に入り、第2の四方弁6へ向かう経路と、バイパス弁5に向かう経路とに分岐する。
膨張機8を出た冷媒は、逆止弁9と第2の四方弁6とを通過した後、バイパス弁5へ向かってバイパス配管25を通過した冷媒と合流し(状態Fから状態D)、室外熱交換器4へ入る。
室外熱交換器4では、冷媒は、室外空気から吸熱して蒸発し、低圧のまま、乾き度が高い状態になる(状態Dから状態C)。
室外熱交換器4を出た冷媒は、第1の四方弁3を通過してアキュムレータ11に入り、再び第1の圧縮機1に吸入される。
上述した動作を繰り返すことで、室外の空気の熱が室内の空気へ伝達されて、室内が暖房される。
Fthc=(PH+PM-2PL)/2・Sc…(1)
Fthe=(PH-PL)/2・Se…(2)
Fth=Fthc-Fthe…(3)
(PH+PM-2PL)/2>(PH-PL)/2…(4)
となることは明らかであるが、構造的にSe>ScとすればFthを小さくすることができる。図6の設計点では、Fthを小さくして揺動スクロール57の渦巻歯65の歯先72が、膨張機固定スクロール59に適度に押し付けられるようにして、揺動スクロール57と膨張機固定スクロール59の摩擦を小さくしている。
空気調和機が運転中に、室内機102の運転台数が変化して過渡的に負荷が変動するときなど、膨張機8と第2の圧縮機2を流れる流量のバランスが崩れ、第2の圧縮機2と膨張機8の回転が不安定になることがある。上述のような場合、例えば第2の圧縮機2と膨張機8の回転数が過渡的に低下した場合、冷媒が流通するための抵抗となるため、高圧が上昇することになる。
Fthc2=(PH2+PM2-2PL2)/2・Sc…(5)
Fthe2<(PH2-PL2)/2・Se…(6)
上述の構成により、膨張機8の吐出圧力が高くなってしまうような空気調和機の運転状態でも、膨張機8の吐出圧力を低くすることができる。
室外熱交換器4を出た冷媒は、第2の四方弁6へ向かう経路と、バイパス弁5へ向かう経路とに分岐する。
第2の四方弁6を通過した冷媒は、予膨張弁7を通過して(状態D3から状態E3)、膨張機8に吸入され、減圧されて低圧となり、乾き度が低い状態になる(状態E3から状態F3)。
膨張機8から吐出された冷媒は、膨張機8の吐出配管23からバイパス配管24へ流れる。そして、バイパス弁10によってさらに減圧される(状態F3から状態M)。
一方で、バイパス弁5を通過して減圧された冷媒は(状態D3から状態G3)、室外機101を出て液管28を通過して、室内機102a,102bに入り、膨張弁31a,31bへ入る。ここで、バイパス弁5を通過後の冷媒の状態G3と膨張機8を通過後の冷媒の状態F3とを比較すると、状態G3の冷媒圧力の方が高い。よって、圧力の高い方から低い方へ冷媒が流れることになるが、ここでは上述したように逆止弁9を設けているため、図1のG点とF点との間の流路に冷媒が流れることはなく、バイパス弁5を通過した冷媒は全て室内機102a,102b側へ向かう流路に流れる。
膨張弁31a,31bでは、冷媒はさらに減圧される(状態G3から状態I3)。
膨張弁31a,31bを出た冷媒は、室内熱交換器32a,32bで室内空気から吸熱して蒸発し、低圧のまま、乾き度が高い状態になる(状態I3から状態J)。
室内熱交換器32a,32bを出た冷媒は、室内機102a,102bを出て、ガス管29を通過して、室外機101に入り、第1の四方弁3を通過して、バイパス弁10を通過した冷媒と合流してアキュムレータ11に流入する(状態K)。
アキュムレータ11から出た冷媒は、再び第1の圧縮機1に吸入される。
図14に示すように、予膨張弁7の開度を小さくすることによって膨張機8の吸入圧力Pi3が入口E2点の吸入圧力Pi2よりも低くなる。これにより、膨張過程での体積変化に対する圧力変化の度合いが小さくなるため、膨張機8の吸入圧力が高いとき(Pi2)と比べて、膨張機8の吸入圧力Piと適正吐出圧力Poとの差が小さくなるので、膨張機8の吐出圧力PL3を適正吐出圧力Poに近づけやすくすることができる。
以上の実施の形態1は、運転中に膨張機8が過膨張となることを防止するようにしたものである。実施の形態2は、空気調和機が起動時に膨張機8が過膨張となることを防止するようにしたものである。
制御装置103は、空気調和機に運転指令が出ると(ステップS201)、空気調和機が冷房運転もしくは暖房運転になるか判断する(ステップS202)。暖房運転(ステップS204)については、ここでは省略する。ステップS202で冷房運転と判断すると(ステップS203)、第1の四方弁3及び第2の四方弁6などを冷房回路に設定する(ステップS205)。その後、バイパス弁10の開度をL10に設定する(ステップS206)。すなわち、第1の圧縮機1を起動させるときに、バイパス弁10を開いて膨張機8の吐出側と第1の圧縮機1の吸入側とを連通するようにしている。L10は、第1の圧縮機1の起動するときの周波数などを制御装置103で判断して、バイパス弁10で圧力損失があまり大きくならないように定めればよい。
以上の実施の形態1及び実施の形態2では、第1の圧縮機1から吐出された冷媒を直接第2の圧縮機2が吸入するようにしたものである。実施の形態3では、第1の圧縮機1から吐出された冷媒を中間冷却器4aで冷却してから、第2の圧縮機2に吸入するようにしたものである。また、実施の形態3は、膨張機8が過膨張となることを防止する動作として図11と図15に示した制御を行う点については実施の形態1及び実施の形態2と同様である。
第1の圧縮機1に吸入されたガス冷媒は圧縮され、中圧高温の超臨界(又はガス)冷媒として吐出される(状態Aから状態B)。
第1の圧縮機1を出た冷媒は、配管43を経て中間冷却器4aに流れる。中圧高温の冷媒は中間冷却器4a内を通過する間に外気との熱交換により冷却され、中圧中温の超臨界(又はガス)冷媒となって流出し(状態Bから状態L)、配管42、第2の圧縮機2の吸入配管21を経て、第2の圧縮機2に吸入される。
このとき、中間冷却器4aで冷却された冷媒の一部は、バイパス配管46を流れて、バイパス弁15で膨張する(状態Lから状態O)。
第2の圧縮機2に吸入された冷媒はさらに圧縮され、高圧高温の超臨界(又はガス)冷媒として吐出される(状態Lから状態C)。第2の圧縮機2を出た冷媒は、第1の四方弁3を経て、主放熱器4bに流れる。高圧高温の冷媒は主放熱器4b内を通過する間に外気との熱交換により冷却され、高圧低温の超臨界(又は液)冷媒となって流出する(状態Cから状態D)。
膨張弁31a,31bを出た冷媒は、室内熱交換器32a,32bで室内空気から吸熱して蒸発し、低圧のまま、乾き度が高い状態になる(状態Iから状態J)。
これにより、室内空気は冷却される。
室内熱交換器32a,32bを出た冷媒は、室内機102a,102bを出て、ガス管29を通過して、室外機101に入り、第1の四方弁3を通過する。その後、冷媒熱交換器14を出た他方の冷媒及びバイパス弁15を通過した冷媒と合流してアキュムレータ11に入り、再び第1の圧縮機1に吸入される。
Claims (8)
- 冷媒を圧縮する第1の圧縮機と、前記第1の圧縮機により圧縮された冷媒の熱を放散する放熱器と、前記放熱器を通過した冷媒を膨張させて冷媒から動力を回収する膨張機と、前記膨張機により膨張した冷媒を蒸発させる蒸発器とが順次配管接続された冷凍サイクルと、
一方が前記膨張機の吐出配管に接続され、他方が前記第1の圧縮機の吸入配管に接続された第1のバイパス配管と、
前記膨張機に吸入する冷媒の物理量を検出する物理量検出手段と、
前記第1のバイパス配管に設けられ、冷媒の流量を調整する第1のバイパス弁と、
前記第1のバイパス弁の開度を制御する制御手段とを備え、
前記制御手段は、前記物理量検出手段により検出した物理量に基づいて前記膨張機の適正吐出圧力を決定し、前記膨張機の冷媒を吐出する圧力が、前記決定した適正吐出圧力より高くなったときに前記第1のバイパス弁を開くことを特徴とする冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記制御手段は、前記第1の圧縮機を起動させる前に前記第1のバイパス弁を開くことを特徴とする請求項1記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 前記膨張機の吐出配管には、冷媒の流れを一方向に整えるための逆止弁が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 前記放熱器と前記蒸発器との間に、前記放熱器を通過した冷媒の一部を前記蒸発器の入口側にバイパスする、第2のバイパス弁を有する第2のバイパス配管を設け、前記第2のバイパス弁を通過して前記蒸発器に向かう冷媒と、前記第1のバイパス弁を通過して前記第1の圧縮機に向かう冷媒との間で熱交換を行う冷媒熱交換器を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3の何れかに記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 一方が前記第1の圧縮機の吐出配管に接続され、他方が前記第1の圧縮機の吸入配管に接続された第3のバイパス配管を備え、
前記第3のバイパス配管には、冷媒の流量を調整する第3のバイパス弁が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4の何れかに記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記冷凍サイクルは、冷媒を圧縮する第2の圧縮機を更に備え、前記第2の圧縮機は、前記膨張機と1本の駆動軸で連結され、前記膨張機により回収された動力により前記駆動軸を介して駆動されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項5の何れかに記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 前記放熱器は、前記第1の圧縮機及び前記第2の圧縮機のうちの一方から吐出された冷媒を、前記第1の圧縮機及び前記第2の圧縮機のうちの他方に吸入する前に冷却する中間冷却器と、前記第1の圧縮機及び前記第2の圧縮機のうちの他方から吐出された冷媒を冷却する主放熱器とを備えたことを特徴とする請求項6記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 前記冷媒は、二酸化炭素であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項7の何れかに記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
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| EP09849772.0A EP2482003B1 (en) | 2009-09-24 | 2009-09-24 | Refrigeration cycle device |
| CN200980161601.8A CN102510985B (zh) | 2009-09-24 | 2009-09-24 | 冷冻循环装置 |
| US13/394,970 US9353975B2 (en) | 2009-09-24 | 2009-09-24 | Refrigeration cycle apparatus with an expander to recover power from refrigerant |
| PCT/JP2009/066484 WO2011036741A1 (ja) | 2009-09-24 | 2009-09-24 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2482003A1 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
| US20120174610A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
| CN102510985A (zh) | 2012-06-20 |
| JP5599403B2 (ja) | 2014-10-01 |
| ES2790900T3 (es) | 2020-10-29 |
| US9353975B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 |
| CN102510985B (zh) | 2014-08-06 |
| JPWO2011036741A1 (ja) | 2013-02-14 |
| EP2482003B1 (en) | 2020-04-15 |
| EP2482003A4 (en) | 2018-03-28 |
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