WO2011030959A1 - Upward supply type cooling device for removing reaction heat of ft slurry bubble column reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an upward supply type cooling device for removing the reaction heat of an FT slurry bubble column reactor, wherein a cooling pipe is installed at an FT slurry bubble column reactor capable of controlling the temperature of the reaction heat generated in case of the reaction of a synthetic gas produced at a coal gasifier and a catalyst, and an injection pipe having a plurality of injection holes is inserted into the cooling pipe. The cooling pipe comprises a first cooling pipe flown into the lower space of a gas injection plate of the reactor, and a plurality of second cooling pipes vertically extended from the first cooling pipe to a reaction chamber above the gas injection plate, and enables the supply of cooling water from a lower portion to an upper portion.

Description

Upflow supply cooling device for removing reaction heat of FT slurry bubble column reactor

The present invention relates to an upstream feed-type cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor that can control the temperature of the reaction heat generated when the synthesis gas generated in the coal gasifier and the catalyst. In the FT slurry bubble column reactor, a cooling tube having a plurality of injection holes formed therein is installed. The cooling tube includes a first cooling tube flowing into a lower space of a gas injection plate of the reactor, and a gas injection from the first cooling tube. By forming a plurality of second cooling tubes vertically extending into the reaction chamber on the upper side of the plate to supply the cooling water from the lower part to the upper part, the super-sprayed cooling water is immediately discharged to prevent overcooling, and the cooling tube is a reactor in which the reaction chamber is located. It is easy to install and maintain because it is installed inside the reaction chamber through the gas jet plate, not through the upper part. The upstream feed-type chiller for removing the heat of reaction of the FT slurry bubble column reactor.

In general, a coal indirect liquefaction system is used to prepare a synthetic fuel in the form of wax and finally use it as a raw material for fossil fuels through gasification process-> refining process-> liquefaction process.

Here, the gasification process is a process of converting coal into a synthesis gas mainly containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. In addition, the refining process is a process of collecting and desulfurizing the syngas produced through the gasification process and removing various impurities. Lastly, the liquefaction process is a process of converting the purified syngas to a liquid synthetic fuel by reacting on a catalyst.

In order to perform the liquefaction process, the synthesis gas is uniformly dispersed in the FT slurry bubble column reactor to react with the iron-catalyst contained in the slurry of the FT slurry bubble column reactor to generate a synthetic fuel.

In the FT slurry bubble column reactor, a synthesis fuel is produced when the synthesis gas (CO + H ₂ ) and the iron (Fe) -catalyst react. At this time, the internal temperature of the FT slurry bubble column reactor is increased by exothermic heat. When the internal temperature of the reactor rises, the generation of gas products such as methane gas, ethane, propane, etc. is increased, and the production of liquid fuel and wax is reduced. In addition, if the reaction temperature is maintained high, catalyst deactivation occurs quickly, shortening the life of the catalyst. Therefore, maintaining a constant internal temperature of the FT slurry bubble column reactor must be preceded.

As a method for maintaining a constant temperature inside the reactor, a method of arranging a cooling tube circulating water or steam therein has been used, but such a structure requires a large amount of cooling water to be supplied to the cooling tube, as well as water. Since it must be continuously circulated, energy is consumed, cooling efficiency is very low, and as a result, the number of tubes is increased to increase the cross-sectional area of the cooling tubes.

In this regard, the present applicant has proposed a cooling apparatus using latent heat in Patent Registration No. 0901736. As described with reference to FIG. 5, the applied cooling apparatus 1 introduces a cooling tube 4 having an injection tube 3 therein into the reaction chamber of the reactor 2, and extends a plurality of downwardly downward injection tubes. By supplying the cooling water from the upper side to the lower side, the cooling water supplied through the injection hole formed in the injection pipe is injected into the space between the cooling pipe and the injection pipe, and the injected cooling water absorbs the reaction heat and is evaporated into steam and discharged upward. Provided.

However, the registration case is a method of controlling the internal reaction temperature of the reactor by the latent heat of evaporation of the coolant, or part of the water is evaporated when the coolant is supplied as the coolant supply is made downward while closing the bottom of the extended cooling tube While removing the heat of reaction while the water is not evaporated flows to the lower portion of the cooling tube evaporation causes a problem that the temperature control of the bottom of the reactor is poor.

Thus, the upstream feed type cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor according to the present invention,

The first cooling tube is introduced into the lower part of the FT slurry bubble column reactor, and a plurality of second cooling tubes are formed upward from the first cooling tube, and the inside of the first cooling tube and the second cooling tube is divided into It is a structure in which the cooling water is injected into the inside of each cooling pipe through a plurality of injection holes formed in the injection pipe by allowing the private pipe to be inserted. The injected cooling water absorbs the heat of reaction in the reactor and changes the phase into steam. It is to be discharged to the outside through the first cooling tube. That is, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for easily controlling the temperature inside the reactor by having a structure in which water droplets, which are over-supplied through the injection hole or generated by agglomeration between steam, can be discharged immediately without staying in the cooling tube. .

The upstream supply cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor of the present invention for solving the above problems,

In the upstream feed type cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor capable of controlling the temperature of the reaction heat generated when the synthesis gas generated in the coal gasifier is reacted with the catalyst, the FT slurry bubble column reactor A first cooling tube disposed at a lower portion thereof and having an outlet formed at an end thereof to discharge the phase-changed steam; A plurality of second cooling tubes connected vertically to the upper surface of the first cooling tube; End portions are closed to have internal diameters smaller than the inner diameters of the first cooling tube and the second cooling tube so as to be inserted into the first cooling tube and the second cooling tube, and to spray internal cooling water. An injection hole is formed to allow the injected cooling water to absorb ambient heat and change phase into steam.

1 is a block diagram showing an upflow feed cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the A-A cross section of FIG. 1. FIG.

Figure 3 is a block diagram showing an upflow feed cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the operating state of the upstream feed-type cooling apparatus for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor according to the present invention.

Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a cooling tube for removing the reaction heat of the conventional FT slurry bubble column reactor.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: Chiller

20: reactor

 21 gas injection plate 22 introduction chamber 23 reaction chamber

 24: lower cap 25: main body

30: first cooling tube

 31: subjective 32: auxiliary pipe 33: outlet

40: second cooling tube

50: injection pipe

 51: nozzle

60: valve

Hereinafter, the upstream feed type cooling apparatus for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor according to the present invention will be described in detail together with the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram showing an upflow feed cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional view of Figure 1 AA, Figure 3 is another embodiment of the present invention It is a block diagram showing the upstream supply type cooling apparatus for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor according to the embodiment.

As shown, the upstream feed type cooling device 10 for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor according to the present invention receives the synthesis gas from the coal gasifier and reacts with the catalyst to generate the synthetic fuel, and the reaction heat is generated in this process. It is a device to control the temperature in the generated reactor (20).

The cooling device 10 is composed of a cooling pipe (30, 40) and the injection pipe 50 is inserted into the cooling tube. The cooling tube includes a first cooling tube 30 introduced into the FT slurry bubble column reactor from the outside as shown in FIG. 1, and a second cooling tube 40 extending upward from the first cooling tube. .

Here, the first cooling pipe 30 is installed in the horizontal direction in the vertically installed reactor 20, so that it is widely distributed in the reactor cross section. That is, the first cooling pipe 30 is composed of a main pipe 31 inserted into the reactor from the outside, and an auxiliary pipe 32 in communication with the main pipe and widely distributed in the reactor cross section, and the auxiliary pipe 32 2 may be formed in various shapes such as a circle as shown in FIG. 2, a lattice, or a plurality of concentric circles. The first cooling pipe 30 has an outlet 33 is formed at the end exposed to the outside to discharge the steam generated during the cooling process to be described later.

In addition, a plurality of second cooling tubes 40 extend from the first cooling tube in a form in which a lower end thereof communicates with the first cooling tube and a top end thereof is closed. The second cooling tube is preferably arranged at regular intervals from each other to facilitate temperature control in the reactor.

As described above, the injection tube 50 is inserted into the first cooling tube 30 and the second cooling tube 40 communicated with each other. The diameter of the injection tube is formed to be smaller than the diameter of the cooling tube, preferably to be smaller than 1/2 of the diameter of the cooling tube. As such, the gap formed between the outer circumferential surface of the injection pipe 50 and the inner circumferential surfaces of the cooling pipes 30 and 40 is used as a space for injecting cooling water from the plurality of injection holes 51 formed in the injection pipe 50. The injection port 51 is preferably formed to be gradually wider from the inner side of the injection tube to the outside direction so that the coolant is injected in a wide range by the pressure.

In addition, the injection hole 51 of the injection pipe is so close to the introduction chamber to maintain the injection amount at each position under a constant pressure to form a larger diameter of the injection hole located above the injection hole diameter of the lower side to inject the same amount can do. At this time, the diameter of the injection port is preferably to have a gradually larger diameter from the lower side to the upper side.

In addition, the end of the injection pipe 50, that is, the end of the injection pipe located in the upper end of the second cooling pipe is preferably closed so that the cooling water is expressed by a plurality of injection holes 51 formed on the outer peripheral surface by the internal pressure. Do. In addition, the injection pipe 50 may be equipped with a valve 60 at the end for introducing the coolant into the reactor to adjust the pressure in the injection pipe by adjusting the valve.

In addition, the injection holes 51 may allow a plurality of injection holes to be formed on the same horizontal line, or as shown in FIG. 1, by arranging the injection holes in a spiral along the injection pipe, only one injection hole may be formed on the same horizontal line. As such, only one injection hole is formed on the same horizontal line, which is advantageous in that injection may be easily performed even at a relatively low internal pressure than that of a plurality of injection holes formed.

On the other hand, the FT slurry bubble column reactor 20 has a gas injection plate 21 is internally partitioned into an inner space of the lower introduction chamber 22 and the upper reaction chamber 23. In this case, the cooling device 10 introduces a first cooling tube 30 into the lower introduction chamber partitioned with a gas injection plate as shown in FIG. 1, and extends the upper side of the first cooling tube. 40 may be provided in such a manner that only the second cooling tube is positioned in the reaction chamber such that the second cooling tube penetrates the gas injection plate 21 and is positioned in the upper reaction chamber 23 partitioned by the gas injection plate.

As another example, as shown in FIG. 3, the first cooling tube 30 is disposed below the upper reaction chamber 23 partitioned by the gas injection plate, so that the first cooling tube 30 and the second cooling tube 40 are separated. All of them are arranged in the reaction chamber.

In the case where both the first cooling tube and the second cooling tube are located in the reaction chamber, the first cooling tube and the second cooling tube have the disadvantage of inhibiting the reaction behavior in the vertical direction by inserting the first cooling tube through the side wall of the reaction chamber. The disadvantages are very difficult to manufacture and maintain.

On the other hand, the form in which only the second cooling tube 40 of FIG. 1 is located in the reaction chamber 23 is mounted to the lower cap 24 of the reactor and extends upward from the first cooling tube. By inserting the gas ejection plate 21 into the second cooling tube 40 and then coupling the gas ejection plate 21 to the reaction chamber main body 25, the manufacturing and maintenance of the device can be easily performed.

Hereinafter, the operation of the upstream feed type cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor according to the present invention will be briefly described together with the accompanying drawings.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the operating state of the upstream flow-type cooling apparatus for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor according to the present invention.

As shown, first, the synthesis gas introduced into the introduction chamber 22 of the FT slurry bubble column reactor 20 is distributed and supplied to the reaction chamber 23 through the gas injection plate 21. As the syngas supplied to the reaction chamber is raised in a bubbling manner, the syngas is reacted with the catalyst contained in the flow slurry of the reactor to generate synthetic fuel.

At this time, the synthesis fuel generation reaction is an exothermic reaction by syngas (CO + H ₂ ) and iron (Fe) -catalyst, thereby raising the temperature of the reaction chamber. When the temperature of the reactor 20 is increased, it is out of the range of about 200 to 350 ° C., which is a preferable temperature for the production of synthetic fuel, so that the generation of methane gas and carbon dioxide is increased, thereby lowering the production rate of synthetic fuel.

Therefore, by maintaining a constant temperature in the reactor through the cooling device 10 installed in the FT slurry bubble column reactor it is possible to maintain the optimum synthesis fuel production temperature at all times.

The cooling device 10 maintains a constant pressure in the injection pipe by opening the valve 60 of the injection pipe 50, and the coolant inside the injection pipe is located in the reaction chamber 23 by the internal pressure of the injection pipe. The injection is made through the injection port 51 of the injection pipe. The sprayed coolant is sprayed into the space between the injection tube and the cooling tube, that is, the inner circumferential surface of the second cooling tube 40 located in the reaction chamber and the outer circumferential surface of the injection tube 50.

When the injection is made as described above, the surface area of the cooling water is increased, and the injected cooling water is phase-changed into steam by absorbing heat transferred to the inside through the second cooling pipe 40. The steam phase-changed by the latent heat of evaporation is discharged through the outlet 33 which is the end of the first cooling tube to control the reaction temperature in the reactor.

The present invention, the cooling water supplied to the reactor flows from the bottom of the reactor to the upper side is sprayed and the generated steam is discharged through the lower portion of the cooling tube to immediately discharge the cooling water generated by the aggregation of the generated steam or steam generated immediately The temperature control inside the reactor can be made more precise.

In addition, the cooling tube in the reactor partitioned by the gas injection plate is installed by being inserted upward from the lower introduction chamber of the gas injection plate, thereby minimizing the influence of the cooling tube on the bubbling behavior in the reaction chamber. Maintenance can be made easily.

Claims (6)

In the upstream feed type cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor that can control the temperature of the reaction heat generated when the synthesis gas generated in the coal gasifier is reacted with the catalyst, A first cooling tube 30 disposed at a lower portion of the FT slurry bubble column reactor 20 and having an outlet 33 formed at an end thereof to discharge the phase-changed steam; A plurality of second cooling tubes 40 vertically connected to an upper surface of the first cooling tube; End portions are closed to have internal diameters smaller than the inner diameters of the first cooling tube and the second cooling tube so as to be inserted into the first cooling tube and the second cooling tube, and to spray internal cooling water. Upstream supply type cooling for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor, characterized in that it comprises a; injection pipe (51) is formed is formed by the injection pipe 50 to absorb the ambient heat to change the phase change to steam Device. The method of claim 1, The gas injection plate 21 is installed inside the reactor 20 so that the internal space is partitioned into the lower introduction chamber 22 and the upper reaction chamber 23, and the first cooling tube 30 is partitioned lower. The upstream feed-type cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor, characterized in that the second cooling pipe (40) formed in the introduction chamber and extended upward to be disposed in the upper reaction chamber by inserting the gas injection plate. The method of claim 1, The gas injection plate 21 is installed inside the reactor 20 so that the inner space is partitioned into the lower introduction chamber 22 and the upper reaction chamber 23, and the first cooling tube 30 is partitioned upper part. The upstream supply cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor, characterized in that arranged in the lower portion of the reaction chamber so that the second cooling tube 40 is disposed upward. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The injection pipe 50 is an upstream supply cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor, characterized in that the valve 60 is installed to adjust the pressure of the cooling water. The method of claim 4, wherein The injection port 51 of the injection pipe is an upward flow supply type cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor, characterized in that the diameter is formed wider from the inner side to the outer side so that the cooling water can be injected in a wide range. The method of claim 4, wherein The injection hole 51 of the injection pipe is an upward flow supply type cooling device for removing the reaction heat of the FT slurry bubble column reactor, characterized in that the upper diameter is wider than the diameter of the lower portion so that the cooling water is uniformly sprayed according to each position. .

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