WO2011030596A1 - 液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011030596A1 WO2011030596A1 PCT/JP2010/060044 JP2010060044W WO2011030596A1 WO 2011030596 A1 WO2011030596 A1 WO 2011030596A1 JP 2010060044 W JP2010060044 W JP 2010060044W WO 2011030596 A1 WO2011030596 A1 WO 2011030596A1
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- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- retardation plate
- polarizer
- display device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
- G02F1/1393—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the birefringence of the liquid crystal being electrically controlled, e.g. ECB-, DAP-, HAN-, PI-LC cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
- G02F2203/30—Gray scale
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/02—Number of plates being 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/03—Number of plates being 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/05—Single plate on one side of the LC cell
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/06—Two plates on one side of the LC cell
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/07—All plates on one side of the LC cell
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2413/00—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates
- G02F2413/10—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates with refractive index ellipsoid inclined, or tilted, relative to the LC-layer surface O plate
- G02F2413/105—Indexing scheme related to G02F1/13363, i.e. to birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation, characterised by the number, position, orientation or value of the compensation plates with refractive index ellipsoid inclined, or tilted, relative to the LC-layer surface O plate with varying inclination in thickness direction, e.g. hybrid oriented discotic LC
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device suitable for an ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence) type liquid crystal display device.
- ECB Electro Mechanical Controlled Birefringence
- a liquid crystal display device is usually a pair of polarizers, a liquid crystal display panel (liquid crystal cell) sandwiched between both polarizers, and a liquid crystal display panel and at least one of the pair of polarizers. Or a plurality of retardation plates.
- the liquid crystal display panel has a pair of substrates disposed to face each other and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrates.
- a TN (Twisted Nematic) method As a liquid crystal display panel method, a TN (Twisted Nematic) method, a STN (Super Twisted Nematic) method, an ECB method, an IPS (In-Plane Switching) method, a VA (Vertical Alignment) method, an OCB (Optical Bending method).
- the gradation may be reversed in a wide viewing angle range when the vicinity of black is displayed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described present situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that exhibits excellent gradation inversion characteristics in a state where black is displayed.
- the inventors of the present invention have made various studies on a liquid crystal display device that exhibits excellent gradation inversion characteristics in a state in which the vicinity of black is displayed, and excludes a liquid crystal layer and a retardation plate (first retardation plate) including a liquid crystal film.
- the thickness direction retardation of the member between the pair of polarizers is 130 nm or more and / or the phase difference of the liquid crystal display panel is 210 to 310 nm, and the average tilt of the nematic liquid crystal contained in the liquid crystal film
- a configuration is adopted in which the angle is 34 to 40 °, the in-plane retardation of the second retardation plate is 130 to 150 nm, and the Nz coefficient of the second retardation plate is 1.35 to 1.75.
- the inventors have found that the viewing angle region in which gradation inversion occurs when the vicinity of black is displayed can be narrowed, and have conceived that the above-mentioned problems can be solved brilliantly, thereby achieving the present invention.
- the present invention is a liquid crystal display device including a first polarizer, a second polarizer, a liquid crystal display panel, a first retardation plate, and a second retardation plate, wherein the second polarizer is the first polarizer.
- the liquid crystal display panel is disposed between the first polarizer and the second polarizer, and the first retardation plate and the second retardation plate are independent of each other.
- the liquid crystal display panel is provided between the first polarizer or the second polarizer and the liquid crystal display panel, and the liquid crystal display panel is sandwiched between the pair of substrates opposed to each other and the pair of substrates.
- the liquid crystal layer includes homogeneously aligned liquid crystal molecules, the first retardation plate includes a liquid crystal film, and the liquid crystal film fixes nematic liquid crystal in a hybrid aligned state.
- the liquid crystal layer formed by The liquid crystal display device (hereinafter referred to as “the phase difference in the thickness direction of a member between the first polarizer and the second polarizer” excluding the first retardation plate is 120 nm or more. Also referred to as “first liquid crystal display device of the present invention”.
- the gradation inversion may not be sufficiently suppressed when the vicinity of black is displayed.
- the configuration of the first liquid crystal display device of the present invention is not particularly limited by other components as long as such components are essential. A preferred embodiment of the first liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described in detail below.
- the upper limit of the specific phase difference is not particularly limited, but is preferably 330 nm. Normally, the gradation inversion characteristic reaches a peak up to this level.
- the first polarizer, the first retardation plate, the liquid crystal display panel, the second retardation plate, and the second polarizer are arranged in this order, and the specific retardation is 120 nm or more and 300 nm or less. May be. As a result, even better gradation inversion characteristics can be exhibited in a state where the vicinity of black is displayed.
- the liquid crystal display device further includes a transparent protective layer having a thickness direction retardation of 25 nm or more and 35 nm or less, the first polarizer, the transparent protective layer, the first retardation plate, the liquid crystal display panel,
- the second retardation plate and the second polarizer may be arranged in this order, and the specific retardation may be 150 nm or more and 330 nm or less. As a result, even better gradation inversion characteristics can be exhibited in a state where the vicinity of black is displayed.
- the liquid crystal display device further includes a third retardation plate that is optically uniaxial in the thickness direction, and the first polarizer, the first retardation plate, the liquid crystal display panel, and the second retardation.
- the plate, the third retardation plate, and the second polarizer may be arranged in this order, and the specific retardation may be 140 nm or more and 250 nm or less. As a result, even better gradation inversion characteristics can be exhibited in a state where the vicinity of black is displayed without deteriorating the isocontrast characteristics.
- the liquid crystal display device further includes a third retardation plate that is optically uniaxial in the thickness direction, and includes the first polarizer, the first retardation plate, the liquid crystal display panel, and the third retardation.
- the plate, the second retardation plate, and the second polarizer may be arranged in this order, and the specific retardation may be 130 nm or more and 290 nm or less. As a result, even better gradation inversion characteristics can be exhibited in a state where the vicinity of black is displayed without deteriorating the isocontrast characteristics.
- the liquid crystal display device further includes a third retardation plate that is optically uniaxial in the thickness direction, and includes the first polarizer, the first retardation plate, the third retardation plate, and the liquid crystal display.
- the panel, the second retardation plate, and the second polarizer may be arranged in this order, and the specific retardation may be 130 nm or more and 290 nm or less. As a result, even better gradation inversion characteristics can be exhibited in a state where the vicinity of black is displayed without deteriorating the isocontrast characteristics.
- the liquid crystal display device further includes a third retardation plate that is optically uniaxial in the thickness direction, and the first polarizer, the third retardation plate, the first retardation plate, and the liquid crystal display.
- the panel, the second retardation plate, and the second polarizer may be arranged in this order, and the specific retardation may be 140 nm or more and 250 nm or less. As a result, even better gradation inversion characteristics can be exhibited in a state where the vicinity of black is displayed without deteriorating the isocontrast characteristics.
- first configuration As described above, the first polarizer, the first retardation plate, the liquid crystal display panel, the second retardation plate, and the second polarizer are arranged in this order (hereinafter referred to as “first configuration”).
- the specific phase difference is preferably 150 nm or more and 250 nm or less.
- the first polarizer, the second retardation plate, the first retardation plate, the liquid crystal display panel, and the second polarizer are arranged in this order, and the specific retardation is 120 nm or more and 260 nm or less. May be. As a result, even better gradation inversion characteristics can be exhibited in a state where the vicinity of black is displayed.
- the liquid crystal display device further includes a transparent protective layer having a thickness direction retardation of 25 nm or more and 35 nm or less, the first polarizer, the transparent protective layer, the second retardation plate, and the first retardation plate.
- the liquid crystal display panel and the second polarizer may be arranged in this order, and the specific phase difference may be not less than 150 nm and not more than 240 nm. As a result, even better gradation inversion characteristics can be exhibited in a state where the vicinity of black is displayed.
- the liquid crystal display device further includes a third retardation plate that is optically uniaxial in the thickness direction, and includes the first polarizer, the second retardation plate, the first retardation plate, and the liquid crystal display.
- the panel, the third retardation plate, and the second polarizer may be arranged in this order, and the specific retardation may be 140 nm or more and 250 nm or less. As a result, even better gradation inversion characteristics can be exhibited in a state where the vicinity of black is displayed without deteriorating the isocontrast characteristics.
- the liquid crystal display device further includes a third retardation plate that is optically uniaxial in the thickness direction, and includes the first polarizer, the second retardation plate, the first retardation plate, and the third retardation plate.
- the retardation plate, the liquid crystal display panel, and the second polarizer may be arranged in this order, and the specific retardation may be 140 nm or more and 210 nm or less. As a result, even better gradation inversion characteristics can be exhibited in a state where the vicinity of black is displayed without deteriorating the isocontrast characteristics.
- the liquid crystal display device further includes a third retardation plate that is optically uniaxial in the thickness direction, and includes the first polarizer, the second retardation plate, the third retardation plate, and the first retardation plate.
- the retardation plate, the liquid crystal display panel, and the second polarizer may be arranged in this order, and the specific retardation may be 130 nm or more and 210 nm or less. As a result, even better gradation inversion characteristics can be exhibited in a state where the vicinity of black is displayed without deteriorating the isocontrast characteristics.
- the liquid crystal display device further includes a third retardation plate that is optically uniaxial in the thickness direction, and includes the first polarizer, the third retardation plate, the second retardation plate, and the first retardation plate.
- the retardation plate, the liquid crystal display panel, and the second polarizer may be arranged in this order, and the specific retardation may be 140 nm or more and 270 nm or less. As a result, even better gradation inversion characteristics can be exhibited in a state where the vicinity of black is displayed without deteriorating the isocontrast characteristics.
- the first polarizer, the second retardation plate, the first retardation plate, the liquid crystal display panel, and the second polarizer are arranged in this order (hereinafter referred to as “second configuration”).
- the specific phase difference is preferably 150 nm or more and 210 nm or less.
- the first liquid crystal display device of the present invention it is possible to achieve a non-gradation inversion occupancy of 60% or more.
- the present invention is also a liquid crystal display device including a first polarizer, a second polarizer, a liquid crystal display panel, a first retardation plate, and a second retardation plate, wherein the second polarizer is the first polarization.
- the liquid crystal display panel is disposed between the first polarizer and the second polarizer, and the first retardation plate is disposed between the first polarizer and the liquid crystal display panel.
- the second retardation plate is provided between the second polarizer and the liquid crystal display panel, and the liquid crystal display panel is narrowed between a pair of substrates disposed opposite to each other and the pair of substrates.
- the liquid crystal layer includes homogeneously aligned liquid crystal molecules
- the liquid crystal display panel has a retardation of 210 to 310 nm
- the first retardation plate includes a liquid crystal film.
- the liquid crystal film hybridizes nematic liquid crystal.
- the nematic liquid crystal is formed by fixing in an aligned state, the average tilt angle of the nematic liquid crystal is 34 to 40 °, the in-plane retardation of the second retardation plate is 130 to 150 nm
- the N phase coefficient of the two phase difference plate is also a liquid crystal display device (hereinafter also referred to as “second liquid crystal display device of the present invention”) of 1.35 to 1.75.
- the configuration of the second liquid crystal display device of the present invention is not particularly limited by other components as long as such components are essential.
- a non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio of 60% or more can be achieved.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the nematic liquid crystal which concerns on Embodiment 1 for demonstrating a tilt angle and a twist angle.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration 1 of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration 1 + transparent protective layer of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration 1-1 of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration 1-2 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration 1-3 of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration 1-4 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration 2 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration 2 + a transparent protective layer of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration 2-1 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration 2-2 of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration 2-3 of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration 2-4 of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an arrangement form of optical axes of the optical member according to the first embodiment.
- 4 is a graph showing non-gradation inversion occupancy rates of configurations 1 and 2 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 4 is a graph showing the non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio of the configuration 1 + transparent protective layer and the configuration 2 + transparent protective layer of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 4 is a graph showing the gradation inversion characteristics of the configuration 1-2 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 4 is a graph showing gradation inversion characteristics of the configuration 1-3 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- Shows the case where the total Rth 140 nm
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing gradation inversion characteristics of the configuration 1-3 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- Shows the case where total Rth 190 nm
- 4 is a graph showing a non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio and a viewing angle occupancy ratio of the configuration 1-1 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 6 is a graph showing a non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio and a viewing angle occupancy ratio in the configuration 1-2 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 6 is a graph showing the non-gradation inversion occupancy and the viewing angle occupancy of the configuration 1-3 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 6 is a graph showing a non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio and a viewing angle occupancy ratio in Configuration 1-4 of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- 4 is a graph showing non-gradation inversion occupancy and viewing angle occupancy of configurations 1-1 to 1-4 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 4 is a graph showing gradation inversion characteristics of the configuration 2-3 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 4 is a graph showing gradation inversion characteristics of Configuration 2-4 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 6 is a graph showing a non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio and a viewing angle occupancy ratio of the configuration 2-1 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 4 is a graph showing a non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio and a viewing angle occupancy ratio of the configuration 2-2 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 6 is a graph showing a non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio and a viewing angle occupancy ratio of the configuration 2-3 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 6 is a graph showing a non-gradation inversion occupancy and a viewing angle occupancy of a configuration 2-4 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- 6 is a graph showing non-gradation inversion occupancy and viewing angle occupancy of configurations 2-1 to 2-4 of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the non-gradation inversion occupancy and the viewing angle occupancy of Configuration 1, Configuration 1 + transparent protective layer, and Configurations 1-1 to 1-4.
- 6 is a graph showing the non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio and the viewing angle occupancy ratio of the configuration 2, the configuration 2 + transparent protective layer, and the configurations 2-1 to 2-4.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Examples 1 to 3.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Examples 4 to 6.
- 5 is a graph showing non-gradation inversion occupancy rates of liquid crystal display devices according to Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1.
- the iso-contrast characteristics of a TN liquid crystal display device provided with a wide view film are shown.
- the gradation inversion characteristics of a TN liquid crystal display device provided with a wide view film are shown.
- An iso-contrast characteristic of an ECB type liquid crystal display device is shown.
- 2 shows gradation inversion characteristics of an ECB liquid crystal display device.
- An iso-contrast characteristic of an ECB type liquid crystal display device is shown.
- 2 shows gradation inversion characteristics of an ECB liquid crystal display device.
- the isocontrast characteristic of the structure 2 of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on Embodiment 1 is shown.
- 2 shows gradation inversion characteristics of Configuration 2 of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- the isocontrast characteristic of the structure 1 of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on Embodiment 1 is shown.
- 2 shows gradation inversion characteristics of Configuration 1 of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- the isocontrast characteristics of an ASV liquid crystal display device are shown.
- 2 shows gradation inversion characteristics of an ASV liquid crystal display device.
- the viewing angle dependence of the phase difference of an ECB liquid crystal display panel is shown.
- 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a residual phase difference and an applied voltage in the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- the non-gradation inversion occupancy is a percentage of a region where gradation inversion does not occur with respect to the entire viewing angle region.
- the presence or absence of gradation inversion is determined by comparing the luminance ratio between the 0 gradation and the 7 gradation in the 64 gradation display from the 0 gradation (black display) to the 63 gradation (white display). To do.
- the viewing angle occupancy is a percentage of a region having a contrast ratio of 50: 1 or more with respect to the entire viewing angle region.
- the all viewing angle region means a region having all directions and a polar angle of 0 to 80 °.
- the liquid crystal film means a film obtained by forming a liquid crystal substance such as a low molecular liquid crystal or a polymer liquid crystal into a film.
- a liquid crystal substance such as a low molecular liquid crystal or a polymer liquid crystal into a film.
- the presence or absence of liquid crystallinity of the liquid crystal film itself is not particularly limited, the liquid crystal film usually does not exhibit liquid crystallinity.
- the average tilt angle means an average value of angles formed by a director of a nematic liquid crystal and a liquid crystal film plane in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal film.
- the average inclination angle can be obtained by applying a crystal rotation method.
- Nx is the refractive index in the direction in which the refractive index is maximum in the plane of the optically anisotropic layer (that is, the slow axis direction), and “ny” is the slow axis in the plane of the layer. It is the refractive index in the orthogonal direction (that is, the fast axis direction), and “nz” is the refractive index in the thickness direction of the layer.
- the in-plane retardation Re is a retardation value obtained by (nx ⁇ ny) ⁇ d, where d (nm) is the thickness of the optically anisotropic layer.
- Thickness direction retardation Rth The retardation value Rth in the thickness direction is a retardation value obtained by ((nx + ny) / 2 ⁇ nz) ⁇ d, where d (nm) is the thickness of the optically anisotropic layer.
- Nz coefficient The Nz coefficient is a value defined by (nx ⁇ nz) / (nx ⁇ ny).
- the retardation value of the optically anisotropic layer was measured using Rets-200PT-Rf manufactured by Otsuka Electronics.
- the Nz coefficient of the optically anisotropic layer was measured using Rets-200PT-Rf manufactured by Otsuka Electronics. Further, the Nz coefficient is a retardation value in the front direction (normal direction of the screen) and a retardation value from a direction rotated 45 ° from the normal direction with the slow axis of the optically anisotropic layer as the rotation axis. The calculation was made based on the refractive index of the optically anisotropic layer and the thickness of the optically anisotropic layer.
- EZcontrast manufactured by ELDIM was used for the measurement of gradation inversion characteristics.
- the refractive index, retardation value, and Nz coefficient are all values for monochromatic light at 25 ° C. and a wavelength of 550 nm unless otherwise specified.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment is a transmissive liquid crystal display device. As shown in FIG. 1, the first polarizer 5, the liquid crystal display panel (liquid crystal cell) 10, the second polarizer 6, and the first phase difference. A plate 11 and a second phase difference plate 12 and a backlight provided behind them are provided. The first polarizer 5, the liquid crystal display panel 10, and the second polarizer 6 are arranged in this order. The first retardation plate 11 and the second retardation plate 12 are disposed between the first polarizer 5 or the second polarizer 6 and the liquid crystal display panel 10. The first retardation plate 11 and the second retardation plate 12 may be arranged on the same polarizer side or may be arranged on different polarizer sides.
- the first retardation plate 11 When arranged on the same polarizer side, the first retardation plate 11 is usually arranged closer to the liquid crystal display panel 10 than the second retardation plate 12. In addition, usually no other optically anisotropic layer is provided between the first retardation plate 11 and the liquid crystal display panel.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment further includes a third retardation plate as necessary.
- the third retardation plate is disposed between two adjacent members among the first polarizer 5, the liquid crystal display panel 10, the second polarizer 6, the first retardation plate 11, and the second retardation plate 12. .
- the liquid crystal display panel 10 includes a pair of transparent substrates 1 and 2 arranged to face each other, and a liquid crystal layer 3 is sandwiched between the substrates 1 and 2.
- total Rth A specific phase difference (hereinafter, also referred to as “total Rth”) that is a phase difference between directions is 120 nm or more. Thereby, it is possible to exhibit excellent gradation inversion characteristics when displaying near black.
- the upper limit of the total Rth is not particularly limited, but is usually about 330 nm. Normally, the gradation inversion characteristic reaches a peak up to this level.
- the liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 1 it is possible to achieve a non-gradation inversion occupancy rate of preferably 60% or more (more preferably 65% or more, and further preferably 70% or more). If the non-gradation inversion occupancy is less than 60%, it may be felt that gradation inversion is not sufficiently suppressed when the vicinity of black is displayed.
- each member is not specifically limited, You may set similarly to the case of a general liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal layer 3 is formed of a liquid crystal composition including various general low molecular liquid crystals, polymer liquid crystals, and the like, and as shown in FIG. 3, liquid crystal molecules 4 (hereinafter referred to as “ Also referred to as “homogeneous liquid crystal”.
- the liquid crystal molecules 4 are nematic liquid crystals having positive dielectric anisotropy.
- the twist angle of the liquid crystal molecules 4 is 0 ° or more and 5 ° or less.
- the first polarizer 5 and the second polarizer 6 are arranged in crossed Nicols, and the liquid crystal display panel 10 exhibits a normally white mode.
- the phase difference ( ⁇ nd) of the liquid crystal display panel 10 is preferably 210 to 310 nm, more preferably 240 to 280 nm, and particularly preferably 260 nm. If ⁇ nd exceeds 310 nm, the drive voltage may increase or the gradation inversion characteristics may deteriorate. If ⁇ nd is less than 210 nm, the luminance may decrease.
- the phase difference (residual phase difference) Re in the front direction during black display of the liquid crystal display panel 10 is preferably 40 to 60 nm, more preferably 45 to 55 nm, and particularly preferably 50 nm.
- the relationship between the voltage and the residual phase difference Re is not linear as shown in FIG. 116, and the change in the residual phase difference Re with respect to the change in voltage becomes smaller as the residual phase difference Re becomes smaller. For this reason, if the residual phase difference Re is made too small, specifically, if the residual phase difference Re is less than 40 nm, an adverse effect on power consumption may be increased.
- the driving method of the liquid crystal display panel 10 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a passive matrix method, an active matrix method, a plasma address method, and the like.
- an active matrix system using an active element such as a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) is preferable.
- the substrates 1 and 2 align the liquid crystal molecules 4 in a specific direction.
- the substrates 1 and 2 themselves may have the property of aligning the liquid crystal material, usually, an alignment member (for example, an alignment film) having the property of aligning the liquid crystal molecules 4 is respectively provided on the substrates 1 and 2. Provided.
- An electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 3 is provided on each of the substrates 1 and 2 on the liquid crystal layer 3 side.
- the electrode material include a transparent conductive film such as indium tin oxide (ITO).
- ITO indium tin oxide
- the electrode is usually provided between the transparent substrate and the alignment film.
- a color filter may be provided on the substrate 1 or 2 on the liquid crystal layer 3 side.
- the first polarizer 5 and the second polarizer 6 have a function of changing natural light into linearly polarized light.
- the normal polarizer used for a liquid crystal display device can be used suitably.
- a typical polarizer is formed by dyeing a substrate polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film with iodine or a dye, and stretching it 4 to 6 times.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the first polarizer 5 and the second polarizer 6 are so-called O-type polarizers.
- a transparent protective layer 7 is provided on each of both surfaces of the second polarizer 6.
- a transparent protective layer used for a general polarizing plate can be appropriately used, and a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film is usually used.
- TAC film include a TAC film for a liquid crystal polarizing plate manufactured by Konica Minolta Opto and Fujitac manufactured by Fuji Film.
- the Rth of a TAC film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m is usually about 30 nm. Therefore, from the viewpoint of using a general TAC film as the transparent protective layer 7, the Rth of the transparent protective layer 7 is preferably 25 to 35 nm, and particularly preferably 30 nm.
- a protective film of Rth 0 nm made of an acrylic polymer may be used as the transparent protective layer 7. Further, as the transparent protective layer provided on the liquid crystal display panel 10 side of the first polarizer 5 and / or the second polarizer 6, the first retardation plate 11, the second retardation plate 12, or the third retardation plate is used instead. May be.
- the Rth of the transparent protective layer is preferably zero in the IPS system, but it is better to have Rth in other modes. Accordingly, the Rth of the transparent protective layer 7 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set as long as it is within a range satisfying the range of the total Rth.
- the second retardation plate 12 is used for optical compensation in the front direction.
- the retardation value in the thickness direction of the second retardation plate 12 affects the viewing angle characteristic, and the viewing angle characteristic is changed by adjusting the retardation value.
- the material of the second retardation plate 12 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polycarbonate, polysulfone, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polyolefin, and the like.
- the second retardation plate 12 is, for example, a method of uniaxially stretching a polymer film (raw film) made of the above material in the longitudinal (length) or lateral (width) direction, or biaxially in the longitudinal and lateral directions. It can be produced using a method of stretching.
- the second retardation plate 12 is formed by stretching a polymer film made of the above material in an oblique direction with respect to the vertical or horizontal direction as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-203556 or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-90532. It may be produced by doing.
- the Re of the second retardation plate 12 is particularly preferably 140 nm, but may be 130 to 150 nm (preferably 135 to 145 nm) depending on product variations.
- Re 140 nm retardation plates are produced in large quantities in VA liquid crystal display devices using circularly polarized light and can be used in this embodiment, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
- the Rth of the second retardation plate 12 is not particularly limited as long as it is set to satisfy the range of the total Rth in consideration of the presence or absence of other optical members such as a third retardation plate and a transparent protective layer.
- the Nz coefficient of the second retardation plate 12 is not particularly limited as long as Re and Rth are set to satisfy a desired range.
- the third retardation plate is mainly used for adjusting the total Rth.
- the third retardation plate functions as a so-called negative C plate. It does not specifically limit as a material of a 3rd phase difference plate, For example, the same material as the above-mentioned 2nd phase difference plate 12 is mentioned.
- a 3rd phase difference plate can be produced using the method of biaxially stretching the polymer film (raw film) which consists of the said material to the vertical and horizontal direction, for example.
- a liquid crystalline composition may be used as a material for the third retardation plate.
- a solidified layer or cured layer of a liquid crystalline composition containing a planar aligned liquid crystal compound a solidified layer or cured layer of a liquid crystalline composition containing a columnar aligned discotic liquid crystal compound, and the like.
- planar alignment refers to a state in which liquid crystal compounds (liquid crystal molecules) are aligned so that the helical axis of the liquid crystal is perpendicular to the interface between both layers.
- Coldar alignment refers to a state in which discotic liquid crystal compounds are arranged so as to be stacked in a columnar shape.
- solidified layer refers to a solidified state in which a liquid crystalline composition in a softened, molten or solution state is cooled.
- the “cured layer” means that a part or all of the liquid crystalline composition is cross-linked by at least one of heat, catalyst, light, and radiation, and is in a stable state of insoluble, insoluble or hardly soluble. The thing that became.
- the said hardened layer includes what became the hardened layer via the solidified layer of a liquid crystalline composition.
- the “liquid crystalline composition” refers to a liquid crystal phase exhibiting liquid crystallinity.
- the liquid crystal phase include a nematic liquid crystal phase, a smectic liquid crystal phase, a cholesteric liquid crystal phase, and a columnar liquid crystal phase.
- the liquid crystalline composition used for the third retardation plate preferably exhibits a nematic liquid crystal phase. This is because a highly transparent retardation film can be obtained.
- the Rth of the third retardation plate is not particularly limited as long as it is set so as to satisfy the range of the total Rth in consideration of the presence or absence of other optical members such as the second retardation plate 12 and the transparent protective layer.
- the Nz coefficient of the third retardation plate is not particularly limited as long as Rth is set to satisfy a desired range.
- the Rth of a TAC film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m is usually about 30 nm, and this TAC film can be said to be a negative C plate.
- the first phase difference plate 11 is a tilted alignment phase difference plate, and is mainly used to improve viewing angle characteristics.
- the first retardation plate 11 includes at least a liquid crystal film, and the liquid crystal film is made of a liquid crystal material that exhibits optically positive uniaxiality.
- This material includes at least one nematic liquid crystal exhibiting optically positive uniaxiality. Note that this material may include only the nematic liquid crystal or a composition including the nematic liquid crystal.
- the liquid crystal film is formed by fixing the nematic liquid crystal in a state of being hybrid-aligned in the normal direction (that is, the thickness direction of the first retardation plate 11) in the liquid crystal state.
- the first retardation plate 11 may include an overcoat layer made of an acrylic coating material in addition to the liquid crystal film.
- the angle formed by the director of the liquid crystal and the liquid crystal film plane is different between the upper surface and the lower surface of the film. Therefore, the angle formed by the director and the film plane differs between the vicinity of the film upper surface interface and the film lower surface interface, and the angle continuously changes between the upper surface and the lower surface of the film.
- the nematic liquid crystal director is inclined at different angles at all locations in the thickness direction of the film. Therefore, when the liquid crystal film is viewed as a structure called a film, the liquid crystal film has no optical axis.
- the liquid crystal film has a specific average tilt angle.
- the average tilt angle of the liquid crystal film is particularly preferably 37 °, but may be 34 to 40 ° (preferably 35 to 39 °) depending on the variation of the product.
- the angle formed by the director of the nematic liquid crystal and the film plane is usually 20 to 90 ° as an absolute value, preferably 40 to 90 °, more preferably 50 to 80 °.
- the angle formed is usually 0 to 20 ° as an absolute value, and preferably 0 to 10 °.
- the angle formed by the director of the nematic liquid crystal and the film plane is 70 ° in the vicinity of one interface of the liquid crystal film, and the angle formed at the interface opposite to the interface is 2 °.
- a liquid crystal film in which the angle formed between both interfaces continuously changes is particularly preferable.
- the liquid crystal film is arranged so that the interface having the larger absolute value of the angle formed is positioned on the liquid crystal display panel 10 side.
- the interface on the side where the nematic liquid crystal stands is arranged closer to the liquid crystal display panel 10 than the interface on the side where the nematic liquid crystal lies.
- the material of the liquid crystal film is not particularly limited.
- the liquid crystal film may be formed by hybrid-aligning a nematic phase low-molecular liquid crystal in a liquid crystal state and then cross-linking and fixing with light, heat, or the like.
- Specific examples of the liquid crystal film include, for example, an NR film manufactured by Nippon Oil Corporation.
- the refractive index ne in the direction parallel to the director of the nematic liquid crystal is different from the refractive index no in the direction perpendicular to the director. If the value obtained by subtracting no from ne (ne-no) is the apparent birefringence, the in-plane apparent phase difference Re, h when viewed from the normal direction of the liquid crystal film is the apparent birefringence. It is given by the product of (ne-no) and the film thickness of the liquid crystal film.
- the phase difference Re, h is preferably 70 to 110 nm, more preferably 80 to 100 nm, and particularly preferably 90 nm. If it exceeds 110 nm, the drive voltage may increase or the gradation inversion characteristics may deteriorate. If it is less than 70 nm, the viewing angle characteristics may deteriorate and the luminance may decrease.
- the phase differences Re and h can be controlled by changing the thickness of the liquid crystal film. Further, the phase differences Re and h can be easily obtained by using polarization optical measurement such as ellipsometry.
- the film thickness of the liquid crystal film is not particularly limited and can be appropriately set according to the physical properties of the material, and is usually 0.2 to 10 ⁇ m, preferably 0.3 to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 to 2 ⁇ m. . If the film thickness is less than 0.2 ⁇ m, a sufficient compensation effect may not be obtained. If the film thickness exceeds 10 ⁇ m, the display on the display device may be unnecessarily colored.
- the upper and lower sides of the first retardation plate 11, the orientation direction of the first retardation plate 11, and the orientation direction of the homogeneous liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer 3 are respectively defined as follows.
- the upper and lower sides of the first retardation plate 11 are respectively defined by the angles formed by the director of the nematic liquid crystal and the film plane in the vicinity of the film interface of the liquid crystal film.
- the surface formed by the director of the nematic liquid crystal 8 and the film plane is 20 to 90 ° on the acute angle side as the b-plane, and the angle is 0 on the acute angle side.
- a plane at ⁇ 20 ° is defined as c-plane.
- the angle formed by the director of the nematic liquid crystal and the projection component of the director on the c-plane is an acute angle and parallel to the projection component.
- the direction is defined as the orientation direction 11d of the first retardation plate.
- the homogeneous liquid crystal 4 is not parallel to the interface but is tilted at a certain angle, and this angle is generally referred to as a pretilt angle.
- the angle formed by the director of the homogeneous liquid crystal 4 at the interface of the liquid crystal layer 3 and the projection component onto the interface of the director is an acute angle, and the direction parallel to the projection component is homogeneous. This is defined as a liquid crystal alignment direction 4d.
- the first retardation plate 11, the second retardation plate 12, the first polarizer 5 and the second polarizer 6 may be bonded to each other via an adhesive layer or a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
- the adhesive layer or pressure-sensitive adhesive layer material include an acrylic resin. Specific examples include SK-2057 and SK-1478 (heat resistant type) manufactured by Soken Chemical.
- An adhesive layer or pressure-sensitive adhesive layer for an aluminum vapor-deposited surface for preventing peeling of the vapor-deposited surface, a light diffusion type adhesive layer or pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in which light diffusion particles are blended, and the like may be used.
- the first retardation plate 11 is composed only of a liquid crystal film.
- the case where the first polarizer 5 is arranged on the viewer side and the case where the first polarizer 5 is arranged on the backlight side are optically equivalent and show similar display characteristics. Specifically, display characteristics such as gradation inversion characteristics and iso-contrast characteristics are merely rotated by 180 ° about the front direction.
- an X axis and a Y axis that are orthogonal to each other are defined in a plane parallel to the main surface of the transparent substrate 1 or 2 constituting the liquid crystal display panel 10.
- In-plane corresponds to a plane defined by the X-axis and the Y-axis.
- the X axis corresponds to the horizontal direction of the screen, and the Y axis corresponds to the vertical direction of the screen.
- the positive (+) direction (0 ° azimuth) of the X axis corresponds to the right side of the screen
- the negative ( ⁇ ) direction (180 ° azimuth) of the X axis corresponds to the left side of the screen
- the positive (+) direction (90 ° azimuth) of the Y axis corresponds to the upper side of the screen
- the negative ( ⁇ ) direction (270 ° azimuth) of the Y axis corresponds to the lower side of the screen.
- the orientation of the absorption axis 5a of the first polarizer 5 is preferably in the range of 90 ° ⁇ 2 °, more preferably in the range of 90 ° ⁇ 1 °, and particularly preferably 90 °. If it is out of the range of 90 ° ⁇ 2 °, the contrast may be lowered.
- the orientation of the absorption axis 6a of the second polarizer 6 is preferably in the range of 0 ° ⁇ 2 °, more preferably in the range of 0 ° ⁇ 1 °, and particularly preferably 0 °. If it is out of the range of 0 ° ⁇ 2 °, the contrast may be lowered.
- the orientation of the slow axis 12a of the second retardation plate 12 is preferably in the range of 135 ° ⁇ 2 °, more preferably in the range of 135 ° ⁇ 1 °, and particularly preferably 135 °. If it is out of the range of 135 ° ⁇ 2 °, the contrast may be lowered.
- the orientation direction 4d of the homogeneous liquid crystal is preferably in the range of 45 ° ⁇ 2 °, more preferably in the range of 45 ° ⁇ 1 °, and particularly preferably 45 °. If it is out of the range of 45 ° ⁇ 2 °, the contrast may be lowered.
- the orientation direction 11d of the first retardation plate 11 is preferably in the range of 225 ° ⁇ 2 °, more preferably in the range of 225 ° ⁇ 1 °, and particularly preferably 225 °. If it is out of the range of 225 ° ⁇ 2 °, the contrast may be lowered.
- the orientations of these optical axes are not absolute, and the relative angles between the optical axes need only be within the above-described range. That is, the absorption axis 5a and the absorption axis 6a are preferably orthogonal to each other. Specifically, the angle formed by the absorption axis 5a and the absorption axis 6a is preferably in the range of 90 ° ⁇ 2 °, more preferably. Is in the range of 90 ° ⁇ 1 °, particularly preferably 90 °.
- the direction of the slow axis 12a is preferably in the range of ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 °, more preferably in the range of ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1 °. And particularly preferably ⁇ 1.
- the orientation direction 4d of the homogeneous liquid crystal and the orientation direction 11d of the first retardation plate are preferably opposite to each other and parallel to each other. Specifically, they are opposite to each other, and to each other. It is preferable that the angle formed by the direction is in the range of 0 ° ⁇ 2 ° (more preferably in the range of 0 ° ⁇ 1 °, particularly preferably 0 °).
- the criterion is 1.2 times the non-gradation inversion occupancy when the third retardation plate has Rth of 0 nm. Value.
- the second retardation plate 12 is set by setting the Nz coefficient of the second retardation plate 12 to 1, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2, 2.3, or 2.6.
- FIGS. 21 to 28 show the calculation results when Rth of 12 is set to 70 nm, 126 nm, 154 nm, 182 nm, 210 nm, 252 nm, or 294 nm.
- FIG. 29 and Table 1 show the results of calculating the non-gradation inversion occupancy for configurations 1 and 2.
- the Rth of the second retardation plate 12 is the total Rth as it is.
- the configuration 1 exhibits a non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio equal to or higher than the determination reference value in the range where the total Rth is 120 nm or more and 300 nm or less, and can realize very excellent gradation inversion characteristics.
- the total Rth may be 180 nm or more, or 250 nm or more.
- the gradation inversion characteristics can be greatly improved.
- the non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio equal to or higher than the determination reference value was exhibited in the range where the total Rth was 120 nm or more and 260 nm or less, and very excellent gradation inversion characteristics could be realized.
- the total Rth may be 180 nm or more. Thereby, the gradation inversion characteristic can be greatly improved.
- the Nz coefficient of the second retardation plate 12 is set to 1, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2, 2.3, or 2.6.
- FIGS. 30 to 37 show calculation results when the Rth of the second retardation plate 12 is set to 70 nm, 126 nm, 154 nm, 182 nm, 210 nm, 252 nm, or 294 nm.
- FIG. 38 and Table 2 show the results of calculating the non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio for the configuration 1 + transparent protective layer and the configuration 2 + transparent protective layer.
- the total Rth is the sum of each Rth of the second retardation plate 12 and Rth (30 nm) of the transparent protective layer.
- the total Rth showed a non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio equal to or higher than the criterion value in the range of 150 nm or more and 330 nm or less, and very excellent gradation inversion characteristics could be realized.
- the total Rth may be 210 nm or more. Thereby, the gradation inversion characteristic can be greatly improved.
- the configuration 2 + transparent protective layer exhibits a non-gradation inversion occupancy ratio equal to or higher than a criterion value in a range where the total Rth is 150 nm or more and 240 nm or less, and can realize very excellent gradation inversion characteristics.
- the Nz coefficient of the second retardation plate 12 is fixed to 1
- the Rth of the second retardation plate 12 is fixed to 70 nm
- the Rth of the third retardation plate is set to 0 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm
- FIGS. 39 to 62 show the results calculated by setting to 80 nm, 90 nm, 100 nm, 120 nm, 140 nm, 160 nm, 180 nm, 200 nm, or 220 nm.
- FIGS. 63 to 67 and Table 3 show the results of calculating the non-gradation inversion occupancy and the viewing angle occupancy for configurations 1-1 to 1-4.
- the total Rth is the sum of Rth (70 nm) of the second retardation plate 12 and each Rth of the third retardation plate.
- the total Rth is in the range of 140 nm or more and 250 nm or less, the non-gradation inversion non-occupancy exceeding the determination reference value is exhibited without sacrificing the viewing angle occupancy, and the isocontrast characteristics are obtained. It was found that very good gradation inversion characteristics can be realized without deteriorating. From the same viewpoint, it was found that in the configuration 1-2, the total Rth is preferably in the range of 130 nm or more and 290 nm or less. In Configuration 1-3, it was found that the total Rth is preferably in the range of 130 nm to 290 nm.
- the total Rth is preferably in the range of 140 nm or more and 250 nm or less. In the configuration 1-2 and the configuration 1-3, the total Rth may be 170 nm or more. Thereby, the gradation inversion characteristic can be greatly improved.
- the Nz coefficient of the second retardation plate 12 is fixed to 1
- the Rth of the second retardation plate 12 is fixed to 70 nm
- the Rth of the third retardation plate is set to 0 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm
- FIGS. 68 to 91 show the calculation results obtained by setting to 80 nm, 90 nm, 100 nm, 120 nm, 140 nm, 160 nm, 180 nm, 200 nm, or 220 nm.
- FIGS. 92 to 96 and Table 4 show the results of calculating the non-gradation inversion occupancy and the viewing angle occupancy for configurations 2-1 to 2-4.
- the total Rth is the sum of Rth (70 nm) of the second retardation plate 12 and each Rth of the third retardation plate.
- the total Rth is in the range of 140 nm or more and 250 nm or less, and the non-gradation inversion non-occupancy exceeding the criterion value is exhibited without sacrificing the viewing angle occupancy, and the iso-contrast characteristics are obtained. It was found that very good gradation inversion characteristics can be realized without deteriorating. From the same viewpoint, it was found that in the configuration 1-2, the total Rth is preferably in the range of 140 nm or more and 210 nm or less. In Configuration 1-3, it was found that the total Rth is preferably in the range of 130 nm to 210 nm.
- the total Rth is preferably in the range of 140 nm or more and 270 nm or less.
- the total Rth may be 170 nm or more, or 230 nm or more.
- the total Rth may be 170 nm or more.
- Table 5 collectively show the results of the configuration 1, the configuration 1 + transparent protective layer, and the configurations 1-1 to 1-4.
- the total Rth is in the range of 150 nm or more and 250 nm or less, in any of the configuration 1, the configuration 1 + transparent protective layer, and the configurations 1-1 to 1-4, the non-gradation that is equal to or higher than the determination reference value It was found to show a reversal occupancy. That is, in the form in which the first polarizer 5 / first retardation plate 11 / liquid crystal display panel 10 / second retardation plate 12 / second polarizer 6 are laminated in this order, the total Rth is 150 nm or more and 250 nm or less. It was found that by setting the range, very excellent gradation inversion characteristics can be realized with certainty.
- FIG. 98 and Table 6 collectively show the results of the configuration 2, the configuration 2 + transparent protective layer, and the configurations 2-1 to 2-4.
- the total Rth is in the range of 150 nm or more and 210 nm or less, in any of the configuration 2, the configuration 2 + transparent protective layer, and the configurations 2-1 to 2-4, the non-gradation that is equal to or higher than the determination reference value It was found to show a reversal occupancy. That is, in the form in which the first polarizer 5 / second retardation plate 12 / first retardation plate 11 / liquid crystal display panel 10 / second polarizer 6 are laminated in this order, the total Rth is 150 nm or more and 210 nm or less. It was found that by setting the range, very excellent gradation inversion characteristics can be realized with certainty.
- the direction of the slow axis of each phase difference plate and the direction of the absorption axis of the polarizer are defined by an angle formed with the X axis as shown in FIG.
- Example 1 In the liquid crystal display device of Example 1, as shown in FIG. 99, a transparent protective layer 7 made of a TAC film, a first polarizer 5, a transparent protective layer 7 made of a TAC film, and a first retardation plate 11 made of a liquid crystal film.
- the liquid crystal display panel 10, the second retardation plate 12, the second polarizer 6, and the transparent protective layer 7 made of the TAC film were provided in this order from the backlight side.
- Example 1 is an example regarding the structure of the above-mentioned structure 1 + transparent protective layer.
- the transparent protective layer 7 and the first retardation plate 11 were bonded together via an acrylic adhesive layer 14 having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m.
- the 1st phase difference plate 11 and the liquid crystal display panel 10 were bonded together through the acrylic adhesive layer 14 with a thickness of 25 micrometers.
- the liquid crystal display panel 10 and the second retardation plate 12 were bonded together via an acrylic adhesive layer 14 having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m.
- the director of the homogeneous liquid crystal (major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules) was regulated by the rubbing direction of the alignment film, and the alignment direction of the homogeneous liquid crystal was set to 45 °.
- the pretilt angle of the homogeneous liquid crystal was set to 3 °.
- the gap (cell gap) in the liquid crystal layer was set to 4 ⁇ m.
- the residual phase difference Re of the liquid crystal display panel 10 was 50 nm.
- the orientation direction of the first retardation plate 11 was set to an orientation (225 ° orientation) substantially antiparallel to the rubbing direction so as to have a sequential compensation relationship.
- the phase difference Re, h of the liquid crystal film was set to 90 nm.
- the average tilt angle of the liquid crystal film was set to 37 °, and the film thickness (including the overcoat layer) of the liquid crystal film was 7 ⁇ m.
- an NH film manufactured by Nippon Oil Corporation was applied.
- the slow axis of the second retardation plate 12 was set to an orientation (135 ° orientation) substantially perpendicular to the orientation direction of the homogeneous liquid crystal and the first retardation plate 11.
- the Re of the second retardation plate 12 was set to 140 nm so as to correspond to the sum of the residual retardation Re of the liquid crystal display panel 10 and the retardations Re and h of the liquid crystal film.
- the Nz coefficient of the second retardation plate 12 was set to 1.6.
- the Rth of the second retardation plate 12 was 154 nm.
- the film thickness of the second retardation plate 12 was 32 ⁇ m.
- ZEONOR manufactured by Optes Co., Ltd. was applied.
- the absorption axis of the first polarizer 5 depends on the orientation direction of the first retardation plate 11 and The azimuth (90 ° azimuth) was set so as to intersect the slow axis of the second retardation plate 12 at about 45 °.
- the absorption axis of the second polarizer 6 was set to an orientation (0 ° orientation) that is substantially orthogonal to the absorption axis of the first polarizer 5.
- the film thicknesses of the first polarizer 5 and the second polarizer 6 were each 28 ⁇ m.
- the PVA film made from a Kuraray company was dyed with iodine, and the polarizing film produced by extending
- the film thickness of the TAC film was 40 ⁇ m, and the Rth of the TAC film was 30 nm.
- a TAC film for a liquid crystal polarizing plate manufactured by Konica Minolta Opto Co., Ltd. was applied.
- the total Rth in the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 was the sum of Rth (30 nm) of the transparent protective layer 7 and Rth (154 nm) of the second retardation plate 12, and was approximately 184 nm.
- Example 2 Similar to the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 except that the Nz coefficient of the second retardation plate 12 is set to 1.4, the Rth of the second retardation plate 12 is set to 126 nm, and the total Rth is changed to 156 nm. Thus, a liquid crystal display device of Example 2 was produced.
- Example 3 Similar to the liquid crystal display device of Example 1, except that the Nz coefficient of the second retardation plate 12 is set to 1.8, the Rth of the second retardation plate 12 is set to 182 nm, and the total Rth is changed to 212 nm. Thus, a liquid crystal display device of Example 3 was produced.
- Example 4 In the liquid crystal display device of Example 4, as shown in FIG. 100, a transparent protective layer 7 made of a TAC film, a first polarizer 5, a second retardation plate 12, a first retardation plate 11 made of a liquid crystal film, and a liquid crystal
- the display panel 10 the transparent protective layer 7 made of a TAC film, the second polarizer 6 and the transparent protective layer 7 made of a TAC film were provided in this order from the backlight side.
- Example 4 and Example 1 differ only in the arrangement relationship of each member.
- Example 4 is an example related to the configuration 2+ of the transparent protective layer.
- the 2nd phase difference plate 12 and the 1st phase difference plate 11 were bonded together through the acrylic adhesive layer 14 with a thickness of 5 micrometers.
- the 1st phase difference plate 11 and the liquid crystal display panel 10 were bonded together through the acrylic adhesive layer 14 with a thickness of 25 micrometers.
- the liquid crystal display panel 10 and the transparent protective layer 7 were bonded together via the acrylic adhesive layer 14 with a thickness of 20 ⁇ m.
- Example 5 Similar to the liquid crystal display device of Example 4 except that the Nz coefficient of the second retardation plate 12 is set to 1.4, the Rth of the second retardation plate 12 is set to 126 nm, and the total Rth is changed to 156 nm. Thus, a liquid crystal display device of Example 5 was produced.
- Example 6 Similar to the liquid crystal display device of Example 4 except that the Nz coefficient of the second retardation plate 12 is set to 1.8, the Rth of the second retardation plate 12 is set to 182 nm, and the total Rth is changed to 212 nm. Thus, a liquid crystal display device of Example 6 was produced.
- 102 and 103 show isocontrast characteristics and gradation inversion characteristics of a TN liquid crystal display device provided with a wide view film (WV film).
- 104 to 111 show isocontrast characteristics and gradation inversion characteristics of an ECB liquid crystal display device.
- 112 and 113 show isocontrast characteristics and gradation inversion characteristics of an ASV (Advanced Super View) type liquid crystal display device which is an embodiment of the VA system.
- ASV Advanced Super View
- FIG. 108 and 109 show the evaluation results of the liquid crystal display device having the above-described configuration 2
- FIGS. 110 and 111 show the evaluation results of the liquid crystal display device having the above-described configuration 1.
- the liquid crystal molecules are regulated so that the head part (inflection point part) of the liquid crystal molecules is tilted in all directions. Therefore, when the picture elements are viewed on average, the inflection point portion of each liquid crystal molecule is canceled by the inflection point portion of the other liquid crystal molecules, and it can be considered that the inflection point portion has disappeared.
- the liquid crystal molecules are aligned so that the inflection point is not visible from the display surface.
- the TN method and the ECB method an inflection point portion inevitably appears, so that gradation inversion is likely to occur.
- a liquid crystal display device suitable for the ECB method in which gradation inversion easily occurs can be realized.
- Embodiment 2 Hereinafter, the liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 2 will be described.
- description is abbreviate
- the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment is a transmissive liquid crystal display device.
- a first retardation plate 11 made of a film, a liquid crystal display panel 10, a second retardation plate 212, a second polarizer 6 and a transparent protective layer 7 made of a TAC film are provided in this order from the backlight side.
- a TAC film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m is used as the transparent protective layer 7.
- the Rth of this TAC film is particularly preferably 30 nm, but it may be 25 to 35 nm depending on product variations.
- a protective film of Rth 0 nm made of an acrylic polymer may be used as the transparent protective layer 7.
- the first polarizer 5 and the transparent protective layer 7 As a laminated body of the transparent protective layer 7, the first polarizer 5 and the transparent protective layer 7, a general polarizing plate can be used.
- the second retardation plate 212 is used for optical compensation in the front direction.
- the retardation value in the thickness direction of the second retardation plate 212 affects the viewing angle characteristic, and the viewing angle characteristic is changed by adjusting the retardation value.
- the second retardation plate 212 is manufactured using the same material and method as the second retardation plate 12 of the first embodiment.
- the Re of the second retardation plate 212 is particularly preferably 140 nm, but may be 130 to 150 nm (preferably 135 to 145 nm) depending on product variations.
- Re 140 nm retardation plates are produced in large quantities in VA liquid crystal display devices using circularly polarized light and can be used in this embodiment, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
- a general circularly polarizing plate can be suitably used as the laminate of the second retardation plate 212, the second polarizer 6, and the transparent protective layer 7.
- the Nz coefficient of the second retardation plate 212 is particularly preferably 1.55, but may be 1.35 to 1.75 (preferably 1.4 to 1.7) depending on product variations.
- the Rth of the second retardation plate 212 satisfying the above Re and Nz coefficients is particularly preferably 147 nm, but may be 140 to 155 nm depending on product variations.
- the total Rth is the sum of Rth of the second retardation plate 212 and Rth (30 nm) of the transparent protective layer 7 and is 120 nm or more.
- the laminated body (polarizing plate) of the transparent protective layer 7, the first polarizer 5 and the transparent protective layer 7, and the first retardation plate 11 are an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer (for example, an acrylic adhesive having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m). Layer). Moreover, the 1st phase difference plate 11 and the liquid crystal display panel 10 are bonded together through the adhesive bond layer or the adhesive layer (for example, 25-micrometer-thick acrylic adhesive layer).
- the liquid crystal display panel 10 and the laminate (circular polarizing plate) of the second retardation plate 212, the second polarizer 6 and the transparent protective layer 7 are an adhesive layer or a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (for example, acrylic having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m). Pasted via a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer). In addition, you may use what was illustrated in Embodiment 1 as an adhesive bond layer and an adhesive layer.
- the azimuth and orientation direction of the optical axis of each member is set in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
- the non-gradation inversion occupation ratio of the liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 2 is preferably 60% or more. If the non-gradation inversion occupancy is less than 60%, it may be felt that gradation inversion is not sufficiently suppressed when the vicinity of black is displayed.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の第1の液晶表示装置における好ましい形態について以下に詳しく説明する。
(1)主屈折率(nx、ny、nz)
「nx」は、光学異方性層の面内で屈折率が最大となる方向(すなわち、遅相軸方向)の屈折率であり、「ny」は、該層の面内で遅相軸と直交する方向(すなわち、進相軸方向)の屈折率であり、「nz」は、該層の厚み方向の屈折率である。
(2)面内の位相差Re
面内の位相差Reは、光学異方性層の厚みをd(nm)としたとき、(nx-ny)×dによって求められる位相差値である。
(3)厚み方向の位相差Rth
厚み方向の位相差値Rthは、光学異方性層の厚みをd(nm)としたとき、((nx+ny)/2-nz)×dによって求められる位相差値である。
(4)Nz係数
Nz係数は、(nx-nz)/(nx-ny)で定義される値である。
(5)Re、Rth及びNz係数は、Rth=Re×(Nz係数-0.5)の関係を満たす。
本実施形態の液晶表示装置は、透過型の液晶表示装置であり、図1に示すように、第1偏光子5、液晶表示パネル(液晶セル)10、第2偏光子6、第1位相差板11及び第2位相差板12と、これらの後方に設けられたバックライトとを備える。第1偏光子5、液晶表示パネル10及び第2偏光子6は、この順に配置される。第1位相差板11及び第2位相差板12は、第1偏光子5又は第2偏光子6と、液晶表示パネル10との間に配置される。第1位相差板11及び第2位相差板12は、同じ偏光子側に配置されてもよいし、異なる偏光子側に配置されてもよい。同じ偏光子側に配置される場合は、通常、第1位相差板11が第2位相差板12よりも液晶表示パネル10側に配置される。また、第1位相差板11及び液晶表示パネルの間には、通常、他の光学異方性層は設けられない。
第1偏光子5/第1位相差板11/液晶表示パネル10/第2位相差板12/第2偏光子6(図8)
第1偏光子5/透明保護層7/第1位相差板11/液晶表示パネル10/第2位相差板12/第2偏光子6(図9)
第1偏光子5/第1位相差板11/液晶表示パネル10/第2位相差板12/第3位相差板13/第2偏光子6(図10)
第1偏光子5/第1位相差板11/液晶表示パネル10/第3位相差板13/第2位相差板12/第2偏光子6(図11)
第1偏光子5/第1位相差板11/第3位相差板13/液晶表示パネル10/第2位相差板12/第2偏光子6(図12)
第1偏光子5/第3位相差板13/第1位相差板11/液晶表示パネル10/第2位相差板12/第2偏光子6(図13)
第1偏光子5/第2位相差板12/第1位相差板11/液晶表示パネル10/第2偏光子6(図14)
第1偏光子5/透明保護層7/第2位相差板12/第1位相差板11/液晶表示パネル10/第2偏光子6(図15)
第1偏光子5/第2位相差板12/第1位相差板11/液晶表示パネル10/第3位相差板13/第2偏光子6(図16)
第1偏光子5/第2位相差板12/第1位相差板11/第3位相差板13/液晶表示パネル10/第2偏光子6(図17)
第1偏光子5/第2位相差板12/第3位相差板13/第1位相差板11/液晶表示パネル10/第2偏光子6(図18)
第1偏光子5/第3位相差板13/第2位相差板12/第1位相差板11/液晶表示パネル10/第2偏光子6(図19)
・液晶表示パネルの位相差(Δnd):260nm
・液晶表示パネルの残留位相差Re:50nm
・第2位相差板のRe:140nm
・第3位相差板のRe:0nm
・液晶フィルムの平均傾斜角:37°
・液晶フィルムの位相差Re,h:90nm
・透明保護層のRth:30nm
・透明保護層のRe:0nm
・第1偏光子の吸収軸:90°
・第2偏光子の吸収軸:0°
・第2位相差板の遅相軸:135°
・ホモジニアス液晶の配向方向:45°
・第1位相差板の配向方向:225°
・白表示:0V
実施例1の液晶表示装置では、図99に示すように、TACフィルムからなる透明保護層7、第1偏光子5、TACフィルムからなる透明保護層7、液晶フィルムからなる第1位相差板11、液晶表示パネル10、第2位相差板12、第2偏光子6及びTACフィルムからなる透明保護層7をバックライト側からこの順に設けた。このように、実施例1は、上述の構成1+透明保護層の構成に関する例である。
第2位相差板12のNz係数を1.4に設定し、第2位相差板12のRthを126nmに設定し、トータルRthを156nmに変更したこと以外は実施例1の液晶表示装置と同様にして実施例2の液晶表示装置を作製した。
第2位相差板12のNz係数を1.8に設定し、第2位相差板12のRthを182nmに設定し、トータルRthを212nmに変更したこと以外は実施例1の液晶表示装置と同様にして実施例3の液晶表示装置を作製した。
実施例4の液晶表示装置では、図100に示すように、TACフィルムからなる透明保護層7、第1偏光子5、第2位相差板12、液晶フィルムからなる第1位相差板11、液晶表示パネル10、TACフィルムからなる透明保護層7、第2偏光子6及びTACフィルムからなる透明保護層7をバックライト側からこの順に設けた。このように、実施例4と実施例1とでは、各部材の配置関係が異なるだけである。また、実施例4は、上述の構成2+透明保護層の構成に関する例である。
第2位相差板12のNz係数を1.4に設定し、第2位相差板12のRthを126nmに設定し、トータルRthを156nmに変更したこと以外は実施例4の液晶表示装置と同様にして実施例5の液晶表示装置を作製した。
第2位相差板12のNz係数を1.8に設定し、第2位相差板12のRthを182nmに設定し、トータルRthを212nmに変更したこと以外は実施例4の液晶表示装置と同様にして実施例6の液晶表示装置を作製した。
第2位相差板12のNz係数を1に設定し、第2位相差板12のRthを70nmに設定し、トータルRthを100nmに変更したこと以外は実施例4の液晶表示装置と同様にして比較例1の液晶表示装置を作製した。
図102及び103に、ワイドビューフィルム(WVフィルム)が設けられたTN方式の液晶表示装置のイソコントラスト特性及び階調反転特性を示す。図104~111に、ECB方式の液晶表示装置のイソコントラスト特性及び階調反転特性を示す。図112及び113に、VA方式の一態様であるASV(Advanced Super View)方式の液晶表示装置のイソコントラスト特性及び階調反転特性を示す。なお、ASV方式では、電圧印加時、液晶分子は花火のように全方向に傾斜する。
以下、実施形態2の液晶表示装置について説明する。なお、実施形態2と実施形態1とで重複する部材については、説明を省略するとともに同じ符号を付した。
3:液晶層
4:ホモジニアス液晶
4d:ホモジニアス液晶の配向方向
5:第1偏光子
5a:第1偏光子の吸収軸
6:第2偏光子
6a:第2偏光子の吸収軸
7:透明保護層
8:ネマチック液晶
10:液晶表示パネル
11:第1位相差板
11d:第1位相差板の配向方向
12:第2位相差板
12a:第2位相差板の遅相軸
13:第3位相差板
14:粘着剤層
Claims (19)
- 第1偏光子、第2偏光子、液晶表示パネル、第1位相差板及び第2位相差板を備える液晶表示装置であって、
前記第2偏光子は、前記第1偏光子に対向配置され、
前記液晶表示パネルは、前記第1偏光子及び前記第2偏光子の間に設けられ、
前記第1位相差板及び前記第2位相差板は、それぞれ互いに独立して、前記第1偏光子又は前記第2偏光子と、前記液晶表示パネルとの間に設けられ、
前記液晶表示パネルは、互いに対向配置された一対の基板と、前記一対の基板間に狭持された液晶層とを有し、
前記液晶層は、ホモジニアス配向した液晶分子を含み、
前記第1位相差板は、液晶フィルムを含み、
前記液晶フィルムは、ネマチック液晶をハイブリッド配向した状態で固定化することによって形成され、
前記液晶層及び前記第1位相差板を除く、前記第1偏光子及び前記第2偏光子の間にある部材の厚み方向の位相差である特定位相差は、120nm以上であることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 前記第1偏光子、前記第1位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル、前記第2位相差板及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、120nm以上、300nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶表示装置は、厚み方向の位相差が25nm以上、35nm以下である透明保護層を更に備え、
前記第1偏光子、前記透明保護層、前記第1位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル、前記第2位相差板及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、150nm以上、330nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶表示装置は、厚み方向に光学的に負の一軸性を示す第3位相差板を更に備え、
前記第1偏光子、前記第1位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル、前記第2位相差板、前記第3位相差板及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、140nm以上、250nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶表示装置は、厚み方向に光学的に負の一軸性を示す第3位相差板を更に備え、
前記第1偏光子、前記第1位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル、前記第3位相差板、前記第2位相差板及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、130nm以上、290nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶表示装置は、厚み方向に光学的に負の一軸性を示す第3位相差板を更に備え、
前記第1偏光子、前記第1位相差板、前記第3位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル、前記第2位相差板及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、130nm以上、290nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶表示装置は、厚み方向に光学的に負の一軸性を示す第3位相差板を更に備え、
前記第1偏光子、前記第3位相差板、前記第1位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル、前記第2位相差板及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、140nm以上、250nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記第1偏光子、前記第2位相差板、前記第1位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、120nm以上、260nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶表示装置は、厚み方向の位相差が25nm以上、35nm以下である透明保護層を更に備え、
前記第1偏光子、前記透明保護層、前記第2位相差板、前記第1位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、150nm以上、240nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶表示装置は、厚み方向に光学的に負の一軸性を示す第3位相差板を更に備え、
前記第1偏光子、前記第2位相差板、前記第1位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル、前記第3位相差板及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、140nm以上、250nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶表示装置は、厚み方向に光学的に負の一軸性を示す第3位相差板を更に備え、
前記第1偏光子、前記第2位相差板、前記第1位相差板、前記第3位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、140nm以上、210nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶表示装置は、厚み方向に光学的に負の一軸性を示す第3位相差板を更に備え、
前記第1偏光子、前記第2位相差板、前記第3位相差板、前記第1位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、130nm以上、210nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶表示装置は、厚み方向に光学的に負の一軸性を示す第3位相差板を更に備え、
前記第1偏光子、前記第3位相差板、前記第2位相差板、前記第1位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、140nm以上、270nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記特定位相差は、330nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~13のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記第1偏光子、前記第1位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル、前記第2位相差板及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、150nm以上、250nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記第1偏光子、前記第2位相差板、前記第1位相差板、前記液晶表示パネル及び前記第2偏光子は、この順に配置され、
前記特定位相差は、150nm以上、210nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶表示装置の非階調反転占有率は、60%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~16のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。
- 第1偏光子、第2偏光子、液晶表示パネル、第1位相差板及び第2位相差板を備える液晶表示装置であって、
前記第2偏光子は、前記第1偏光子に対向配置され、
前記液晶表示パネルは、前記第1偏光子及び前記第2偏光子の間に設けられ、
前記第1位相差板は、前記第1偏光子及び前記液晶表示パネルの間に設けられ、
前記第2位相差板は、前記第2偏光子及び前記液晶表示パネルの間に設けられ、
前記液晶表示パネルは、互いに対向配置された一対の基板と、前記一対の基板間に狭持された液晶層とを有し、
前記液晶層は、ホモジニアス配向した液晶分子を含み、
前記液晶表示パネルの位相差は、210~310nmであり、
前記第1位相差板は、液晶フィルムを含み、
前記液晶フィルムは、ネマチック液晶をハイブリッド配向した状態で固定化することによって形成され、
前記ネマチック液晶の平均傾斜角は、34~40°であり、
前記第2位相差板の面内の位相差は、130~150nmであり、
前記第2位相差板のNz係数は、1.35~1.75であることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶表示装置の非階調反転占有率は、60%以上であることを特徴とする請求項18記載の液晶表示装置。
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2012113553/28A RU2498370C1 (ru) | 2009-09-08 | 2010-06-14 | Жидкокристаллическое устройство отображения |
| EP10815194.5A EP2477063A4 (en) | 2009-09-08 | 2010-06-14 | LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE |
| BR112012005201A BR112012005201A2 (pt) | 2009-09-08 | 2010-06-14 | dispositivo de exibição de cristal líquido |
| US13/393,926 US8749740B2 (en) | 2009-09-08 | 2010-06-14 | Liquid crystal display device |
| JP2011530773A JP5508427B2 (ja) | 2009-09-08 | 2010-06-14 | 液晶表示装置 |
| CN201080036938.9A CN102472921B (zh) | 2009-09-08 | 2010-06-14 | 液晶显示装置 |
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| JP2009-207543 | 2009-09-08 |
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| EP (1) | EP2477063A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5508427B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102472921B (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR112012005201A2 (ja) |
| RU (1) | RU2498370C1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2011030596A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014501938A (ja) * | 2010-11-10 | 2014-01-23 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 光学素子 |
| WO2017033468A1 (ja) * | 2015-08-27 | 2017-03-02 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光学素子、光学素子の製造方法および液晶表示装置 |
| WO2017047578A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-23 | 日東電工株式会社 | 粘着剤層付偏光フィルム、光学部材、及び画像表示装置 |
| JP2023034954A (ja) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-13 | シャープディスプレイテクノロジー株式会社 | 光学素子及びそれを備える液晶表示装置 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3639510A4 (en) | 2017-06-12 | 2021-03-24 | Magic Leap, Inc. | Augmented reality display having multi-element adaptive lens for changing depth planes |
| CN114270228A (zh) | 2019-05-24 | 2022-04-01 | 奇跃公司 | 可变焦组件 |
| WO2022032198A1 (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-10 | Magic Leap, Inc. | Tunable cylindrical lenses and head-mounted display including the same |
| CN112099270A (zh) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 水平电场型的显示面板及显示装置 |
| US12399403B2 (en) | 2021-03-15 | 2025-08-26 | Magic Leap, Inc. | Optical devices and head-mounted displays employing tunable cylindrical lenses |
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| JP2014501938A (ja) * | 2010-11-10 | 2014-01-23 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 光学素子 |
| WO2017033468A1 (ja) * | 2015-08-27 | 2017-03-02 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光学素子、光学素子の製造方法および液晶表示装置 |
| JPWO2017033468A1 (ja) * | 2015-08-27 | 2018-02-22 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光学素子、光学素子の製造方法および液晶表示装置 |
| US10605971B2 (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2020-03-31 | Fujifilm Corporation | Optical element, method of manufacturing optical element, and liquid crystal display device |
| WO2017047578A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-23 | 日東電工株式会社 | 粘着剤層付偏光フィルム、光学部材、及び画像表示装置 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102472921B (zh) | 2014-12-17 |
| US20120162581A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
| CN102472921A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
| JP5508427B2 (ja) | 2014-05-28 |
| EP2477063A1 (en) | 2012-07-18 |
| EP2477063A4 (en) | 2014-04-02 |
| RU2498370C1 (ru) | 2013-11-10 |
| BR112012005201A2 (pt) | 2016-03-08 |
| US8749740B2 (en) | 2014-06-10 |
| JPWO2011030596A1 (ja) | 2013-02-04 |
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