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WO2011015669A1 - Dispositif d'affichage pour images numériques - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage pour images numériques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011015669A1
WO2011015669A1 PCT/EP2010/061545 EP2010061545W WO2011015669A1 WO 2011015669 A1 WO2011015669 A1 WO 2011015669A1 EP 2010061545 W EP2010061545 W EP 2010061545W WO 2011015669 A1 WO2011015669 A1 WO 2011015669A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
source
display device
display
panel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2010/061545
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alessandro Artusi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
POLYGON SYSTEMS UK LLP
Original Assignee
POLYGON SYSTEMS UK LLP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by POLYGON SYSTEMS UK LLP filed Critical POLYGON SYSTEMS UK LLP
Priority to US13/389,052 priority Critical patent/US8941563B2/en
Priority to EP10739375A priority patent/EP2462582A1/fr
Publication of WO2011015669A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011015669A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/32—Stacked devices having two or more layers, each emitting at different wavelengths
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/02—Composition of display devices
    • G09G2300/023—Display panel composed of stacked panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to displays for displaying digital images, including High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) displays; a method of making the displays and a variety of appliances comprising such displays. More specifically, but not exclusively, the invention relates to an HDR display comprising at least one substantially transparent component. Even more specifically but not exclusively the transparent component is a transparent light-emitting component that may optionally be formed from transparent organic light-emitting diodes (TOLED).
  • TOLED transparent organic light-emitting diodes
  • Luminance Dynamic Range is a term used to describe the ratio between the lowest and highest luminance intensities of an image.
  • Digital images that can reproduce a large portion of the luminance dynamic range visible by the human eye are called High Dynamic Range (HDR) images.
  • HDR High Dynamic Range
  • the dynamic range of an electronic imaging device has been known as the "contrast ratio". It is a measurement of the brightest and darkest aspects of a displayed image. In addition to the ratio between the darkest and lightest outputs that a display can deliver, the level of adjustment between the lowest and highest luminance levels plays a significant part in the quality of a rendered image.
  • contrast ratio CR
  • CR contrast ratio
  • Dynamic Range DR is used to refer to the number of transmission levels that a display device has between the lowest luminance level l mm and the brightest luminance level ⁇ ⁇
  • the luminance at a point on the screen of the display device is determined by the intensity of light incident upon the front-most LCD panel and the degree to which the LCD panel at that point absorbs light being transmitted through it.
  • LCD panels typically have a transparency in the range 3-8% even when switched to "white” and so most light energy is actually absorbed.
  • US 2008/0088647 Another display device is described in US 2008/0088647 to Apple Inc.
  • the display device disclosed therein has a single bright back-light source and two panels such as LCD light modulating panels.
  • a table is generated of the possible luminance levels.
  • the display is said to feature an extremely high contrast ratio due to the ranges of possible transmission levels at the pixel level of the first and second panels.
  • a luminance transfer function for the display device is given as:
  • F(O) is the luminance level of the back-light source
  • C is a constant
  • G(i,j) is the luminance level corresponding to transmission levels Ta and Tb of the first and second panels respectively.
  • the transfer function calculates the maximum number of transmission levels that in combination the two LCD panels can achieve (which includes non-unique transmission levels). As such the above calculation provides an indication of the maximum possible dynamic range of the display device disclosed.
  • Limitations of the presently known technology include: limitations in the brightness of the display where most of the source-light is attenuated by an LCD modulator, high power consumption of the display devices, screen-size restrictions, contrast ratio and dynamic range performance , fragility of the display and thinness of the display. High power consumption of the display devices can result in their over-heating.
  • coolant can be used to minimise the effects of the high energy-consumption, it does not solve the over-heating problem. Use of coolant is also impractical for many applications and limits the possible applications of such HDR displays.
  • the invention provides a display device comprising a first light source for emitting light rays; a first modulator operable to modulate those light rays for generating primary modulated light rays and a second light-source having a second modulator operable to generate secondary modulated light rays; the second light-source and second modulator being transparent and being disposed relative to the first light-source such that primary modulated light rays generated by the first light-source are transmittable though the second light-source and second modulator whereby a composite light-output comprising both primary and secondary modulated light rays is generated.
  • the first light-source and first modulator are provided as an integral component comprising any of a laser, an LED, an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) and a Transparent Organic- Light Emitting Diode (TOLED) arranged as an array of individual modulated light emitting pixels.
  • the array of individual modulated light emitting pixels comprises a matrix of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), TOLEDs, PHOLEDs, WOLEDs, PMOLEDs or AMOLEDs.
  • the second light-source and second modulator are provided as an integral component comprising an array of transparent electro-luminescent pixels.
  • the second light-source and second modulator are provided as an integral component comprising an array of Transparent Organic Light-Emitting Diode (TOLED) pixels.
  • TOLED Transparent Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • Using an array of TOLED pixels in alignment with an array of OLED or TOLED pixels provided by the first light source and first modulator provides for a compact display that can, if required, be completely transparent in the off state.
  • the display has beneficial qualities in terms of the image quality and in terms of low power consumption. This enables the display device to be used in mobile and handheld devices where battery life can be limited. Furthermore the display devices according to this aspect of the invention can suffer less than known devices from over-heating.
  • the off-state transparency of the first and/or second light-source is greater than about 10%.
  • the off-state transparency of the first and/or second light-source is between about 45% and about 75%. More preferably the off-state transparency of the first and/or second light- source is between about 45% and about 95%.
  • the display device may further comprise at least one additional light-source having an integrally formed modulator operable to generate additional modulated light rays; the or each additional light-source being transparent and being disposed relative to the second and first light- sources such that the composite light-output comprising both primary and secondary modulated light rays generated by the first and second light-sources is transmittable though the or each additional light-source whereby a further composite light-output comprising primary, secondary and one or more additional modulated light rays is generated.
  • the or each additional light-source comprises an array of Transparent Organic Light-Emitting Diode (TOLED) pixels.
  • the or each additional light-source comprises an array of transparent electroluminescent pixels.
  • the off-state transparency of the second light-source is greater than about 10%.
  • the off-state transparency of the second light-source is between about 45% and about 75%. More preferably the off-state transparency of the second light-source is between about 45% and about 95%.
  • the second light-source may comprise an array of TOLED pixels and may comprise two additional light-sources each comprising an array of TOLED pixels, wherein one of the second and two additional light-sources emits red-coloured light, another of the second and two additional light- sources emits green-coloured light and the remaining one of the second and two additional light- sources emits blue-coloured light.
  • the first light-source and first modulator are provided as an integral component comprising Transparent Organic-Light Emitting Diodes (TOLEDs) arranged as an array of individual modulated light emitting pixels such that the display device is transparent.
  • the display device may further comprise optical components for facilitating the incidence of primary modulated light rays, secondary modulated light rays and/or any additional modulated light rays onto a successive light-source and/or display screen.
  • beneficial qualities referred to may facilitate the use of such display devices in a broad spectrum of applications.
  • these include: electronic devices having display screens including televisions, computer monitors, communication devices, hand held electronic devices, mobile telephones or mobile communication devices; display screens for advertising for example digital bill boards; display screens for entertainment; display screens used for purely aesthetic purposes for example showing art work and other images; analytic instruments, for example electronic microscopes, mass spectrometers, chromatography analysis and other medical devices; navigation systems for cars, aeroplanes, boats, helicopters and any other vehicle and heads-up displays; head mounted displays; rear-projection displays; Automatic Virtual Environment, in particular Cave Automatic Virtual Environments (CAVE).
  • CAVE Cave Automatic Virtual Environments
  • the digital display screen may be curved and/or flexible and/or used in touch-screen type applications where the display screen is utilized in conjunction with a touch-response screen.
  • touch-screen type applications where the display screen is utilized in conjunction with a touch-response screen.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a front-projection digital display system comprising a projector having a display device as described above, an optical focusing element and a display screen, the projector being coupled to the optical focusing element for focusing an image generated by the projector onto the front of the display screen.
  • the invention provides a method of generating a digital image on a display screen comprising:
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic illustration of display device according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically a display device according to a third embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically a display device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • a digital image is created by a number of pixels or dots each showing a colour and brightness level that corresponds to the digital image.
  • the term pixel is used throughout the description to describe an individual component of an emissive panel; modulating panel or display panel. It will be understood that the overall number of pixels contained in any of the emissive panel, modulating panel and display panel may vary. The resolution of each of the panels may not be equal. The size of the panels and overall resolution is not limiting and although it is common to have certain resolutions for example 1920 x 1080 or 1600 x 1200 or 140Ox 1050, the display devices of the present invention may have many configurations of pixels in the display panel. Turning now to Figure 1, there is illustrated schematically the primary components of a display device 8 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the display device 8 comprises a back- panel 10 and front-most panel 14.
  • the back-panel 10 and front-most panel 14 are each capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation in the visible range (in other words light).
  • the light-emitted by the back panel 10 is incident upon the front-most panel 14.
  • Light incident upon the front-most panel 14 is controllably transmitted by that panel and coupled to light actually emitted by that front-most panel 14.
  • the back-panel 10 and front-most panel 14 each comprise an array of individually addressable elements (pixels). As such, the back-panel 10 and front-most panel 14 are both sources of modulated light. In this specific arrangement, the number of individually addressable elements in the array of the back-panel 10 is equal to the number of individually addressable elements in the array of the front-most panel 14. Because the back-panel 10 and front-most panel 14 have the same resolution, the light emitted (i.e. the light output) from each pixel of the back-panel 10 is incident upon an aligned and hence corresponding pixel of the front-most panel 14. The display device 8 therefore has a number of pixels equal to the number of addressable elements of the back-panel 10 and front-most panel 14.
  • each addressable element is individually controllable the intensity of light emitted or transmitted by each element can be adjusted to achieve a desired output.
  • the image rendered on and emitted by a display screen (not shown in Figure 1) can be recreated in a realistic way.
  • Each pixel of the display device 8 contributes to the overall image rendered on the display screen.
  • the quality of a rendered image is, among other things, dependent upon: the number of pixels; the sharpness of those pixels; and the luminance-dynamic range of those pixels with regard to one another.
  • the front-most panel 14 is formed of suitable material such that it has a transparency, in its off- state, preferably greater than 10%.
  • the light emitted by the back-panel 10 and incident upon the front-most panel 14 can be transmitted through the front-most panel 14 and onto an optional rear-projection display screen (not shown).
  • the intensity of the light-incident upon the front-most panel 14 is attenuated to a lesser degree if the front-most panel has a higher transparency. In this way the dynamic-range of the display device 8 is enhanced. Firstly because the light out-put by the display screen 8 is directly proportional to the light out-put by each of the back and front panels 10, 14 and secondly because each of the back and front panels 10, 14 comprises pixels that emit light that is controllable through a range of luminance levels.
  • the maximum intensity of light (l max ) that can be rendered upon the display screen is:
  • T is the transparency factor of the front panel 14; If ront pane i ' s tne brightest output of the front panel 14; and c is a constant.
  • the lowest level of light output is also controllable to very low levels because the addressable elements of the back and front panels 10, 14 can each individually be operated to output very low levels of light. This again offers improvement in the contrast ratio.
  • the low levels of light can be achieved by either switching corresponding pixels of both the backlight panel 10 and front-most panel 14 off completely; switching them both to very low level output or switching them to a combination position where one pixel is off and one pixel is switched on to a very low level.
  • the display devices offers a beneficial level of control between the lowest total light output by the display device and the highest total output by the display device.
  • the incremental adjustment offered by providing two modulated light-emitting panels 10, 14 is proportional to the multiplication of the number of transmission levels provided by the back-panel 10 with the number of transmission levels provided by the front-panel 14.
  • this first illustrated display device further optical components are provided to focus and/or guide the light emitted by each individually addressable element of the back-panel 10 onto the corresponding addressable element of the front-most panel 14.
  • optical components may comprise, but are not limited any one or a combination of mirrors, optical lenses, a matrix of optical fibres , holographic lenses and/or Fresnel lenses.
  • Other optical components such as a collimator and/or diffuser may additionally be utilised.
  • the front-most panel 14 has a lower or alternatively higher number of addressable elements compared to the number of individually addressable elements in the array of the back-panel 10.
  • the back-panel 10 is provided by a panel of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) and the front-most panel 14 is provided by an array of Transparent Organic Light- Emitting Diodes (TOLEDs).
  • OLEDs Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
  • TOLEDs Transparent Organic Light- Emitting Diodes
  • the back-panel 10 provides a primary source of modulated light rays by means of a back-light source and a separate light-modulator.
  • the back-light source may comprise any one or more of a laser, an LED, digital light projector, fluorescent light, Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) and Transparent Organic Light- Emitting Diode (TOLED).
  • the separate modulator comprises an array of individual light affecting pixels such as an LCD panel or mirror panel.
  • the front-panel 14 is a single component integrally providing the light-emitting and light-modulating components, however in some envisaged embodiments the transparent front-panel 14 may provide secondary modulated light rays by means of a single transparent light source (such as a single TOLED) that is incident upon a transparent modulating element such as a transparent LCD.
  • a single transparent light source such as a single TOLED
  • OLEDs emit light because of the recombination of an electron - hole pair in the emissive layer.
  • the materials used in creating OLEDs are plastic, organic layers. The material properties of these layers enable the production of light in various colours and are thinner, lighter-weight and more flexible compared to the crystalline material layers in a Light-Emitting Diode (LED) or Liquid Crystal Display (LCD).
  • TOLEDs comprise only transparent components.
  • the substrate, cathode and anode are all formed of transparent material such that when turned off, the TOLED panels have at least a 40% to 90% transparency. When a TOLED display is turned on, it allows light to pass in both directions.
  • a transparent OLED (TOLED) display can be either Active- or Passive-Matrix or Total-Matrix Addressing TMA.
  • Using a high-level transparent device for the front panel enhances the performance of the display device in terms of brightness, contrast ratio and dynamic range.
  • a completely transparent display device is provided wherein both the back-panel 10 and front-panel 14 are formed from transparent light emitting material such as TOLED or transparent phosphorescent emissive material.
  • the substrate of an OLED can be flexible rather than rigid because the light-emitting layers of an OLED are lighter-weight and the substrates can be formed from plastic rather than glass (which is currently used for LEDs and LCDs). Furthermore the use of glass as a supporting substrate in LEDs and LCDs can degrade their brightness because of light absorption. OLEDs can have multi-layered conductive and emissive layers which provides for enhanced performance in terms of brightness over LEDs. OLEDs have larger fields of view compared to LCDs. This is because LCDs work by filtering or blocking light and therefore there is an inherent difficulty in viewing images at certain angles.
  • the front-most panel 14 provides a modulated light-source as well as the back-panel 10 providing a modulated light source.
  • Each pixel of the backlight panel 10 can be independently modulated in order to generate a matrix of light outputs which are projected onto the front TOLED panel 14.
  • the pixel elements of the TOLED front panel 14 are, similarly controlled. Modulated light is emitted by the front-most panel 14 as well as the light incident from the OLED back panel that is incident upon the front-most panel 14 being transmitted by that front-most panel 14.
  • the intensities of the two emitted lights are added together and in this way the intensity of the output light is boosted by the front-most panel TOLED.
  • the OLED panel 10 and TOLED panel 14 can be any of a combination of the known types of OLED including: Passive-Matrix OLED (PMOLED), Phosphorescent-OLED (PHOLED), Active-Matrix-OLED (AMOLED) and Flexible-OLED (FOLED). Active-Matrix OLEDs have lower power consumption and thereofre offer particular advantage in the present application.
  • PMOLED Passive-Matrix OLED
  • PHOLED Phosphorescent-OLED
  • AMOLED Active-Matrix-OLED
  • FOLED Flexible-OLED
  • Active-Matrix OLEDs have lower power consumption and thereofre offer particular advantage in the present application.
  • Each panel 10, 14 can be driven by any controller configuration(s) that selectively is able to activate an OLED pixel in both panels and modulate that light emitted by the pixel itself; specifically any combination of the following driver configurations could be used: active matrix, passive matrix and Total-Matrix Addressing (TMA). In other words, each pixel can be separately modulated. Any other suitable control means can be used (The driver circuitry is not shown in the Fig. 1). In order to enhance the dynamic range of the luminance of the display 8 a configuration of pixels (corresponding to the Image) are activated in the back panel OLED 10 and likewise the same configuration of pixels in the front panel (TOLED) 14 are activated.
  • TMA Total-Matrix Addressing
  • circutary driver that modulates the individual OLED and TOLED pixels in the two panels.
  • corresponding pixels of both the backlight panel 10 and front- most panel 14 are switched either both to very low level output, both to an off-state or a combination where one pixel is off and one pixel is switched on to a very low level.
  • corresponding pixels of both the backlight panel 10 and front-most panel 14 are switched to their highest intensity output.
  • the luminance from both sources is combined to achieve the brightest output on the display screen.
  • the light-emitting elements of both the front most panel 14 and back-most panel 10 are carefully adjusted and controlled.
  • the front panel 14 is optionally a Red, Green, Blue (RGB) light- emitting panel.
  • the wavelength (and hence colour) of light emitted is determined by the material from which the emisive layer of the light emitter is formed.
  • the back panel 10 can be either a white light source providing light and dark contrast (in this case a WOLED can be used) or another RGB colour panel or alternatively a transparent panel.
  • Other panel configurations are possible i.e. one panel for each RGB colours, where the back panel can be either one of the RGB colours panel or a only a luminance OLED panel.
  • pixel elements emitting coloured light could be achieved by collating a red, green and blue light emitting OLED or TOLED within in each pixel element.
  • a device 108 comrpises three front- most transparent panels 114, 120, 122.
  • these panels are TOLED matrix panels and wherein one panel 114 emits green light, one panel 120 emits blue light and one panel emits red light 122. In this way a full colour display is created.
  • each of the front-most transparent panels 114, 120, 122 has a transparency greater than at least 10%. It is not essential for each of the front-most transparent panels 114, 120, 122 to have the same or an equal level of transparency.
  • the back-most panel 110 may be formed of a transparent emitting device matrix or a non-transparent emitting device matrix and/or may be formed of a white-light emitting material such as a WOLED.
  • a third embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figure 3.
  • optical focussing means 223, 225, 227 is provided inbetween each of the panels 210, 214, 220, 222 to direct the light from the back panel 210 to a particular area of the immediately successive transparent panel 214; from the transparent panel 214 to the immediately successive transparent panel 220; and from the transparent panel 220 to the front-most transparent panel 222.
  • the front-most transparent panel 222 forms part of a rear-projection display screen 230.
  • the display screen 230 comprises a collimator 232 and optional diffuser 234. Further collimators and/or diffusers may optionally be employed between other panels of the display device as well.
  • the optical focussing means 223, 225, 227 are optional and, when present, make take various forms including, but not exclusively, a combination of optical lenses or optic fibre elements.
  • the primary purpose of the collimator 232 is to cause light which passes through the rear-projection screen 230 to be directed toward a viewing area.
  • the collimator may take various forms including, but not exclusively, one or more optical lenses, matrix of fibre optic elements, holographic lenses and/or Fresnel lenses.
  • the diffuser element 234 is provided to scatter light emanating from the display screen 230 to enhance the viewing angles of the display 208.
  • the aformentioned optical focussing means 223, 225, 227; collimator 232 and diffuser 234 are entirely optional components that in other embodiments are not used or are used only between one pair of panels and not all panels; these elements may be used in combination with elements of the previously described and subsequently described embodiments.
  • the display device does comprise optical components for facilitating the incidence of primary modulated light rays emitted by the back panel(s) onto appropriately matched pixels of the front-most panel for combination with secondary modulated light rays created and emitted by that front-most panel.
  • at least two co- operating panels are utilized.
  • the modulated out-put of the first panel must accurately and controllably be incident upon and transmissible through a second panel with a minimum attenuation of the primary modulated signal.
  • the primary modulated signal can thereby be combined with a secondary modulated signal to add to the intensity of and increase the incremental adjustability of that secondary modulated signal to create a combined light out-put of greater total maximum intensity than either the primary or secondary signals and of greater adjustability than either the primary or secondary signals. In this way a super HDR display screen can be created.
  • the back panel 210 may also be a transparent panel where it is required to produce an entirely transparent display 208 (known fully transparent displays are known as "heads-up" displays).
  • the back-panel 310 is a modulated light source such as an LED panel, but preferably an OLED or TOLED matrix panel.
  • the back panel 310 is directly overlaid in contacting relationship with a first transparent panel 314.
  • the first transparent panel 314 is also in this arrangement a modulated light-source having a transparency in the off-state of at least 10% and preferably 45% to 90% or more.
  • the first transparent panel 314 is formed of a TOLED matrix which may be printed (by ink-jet printing technology) directly onto the back-panel 310. Together the two panels 310, 314 provide modulated light output to generate a monochrome or colour image having a high dynamic range.
  • second and third transparent layers 320, 322 are provided. These layers are also applied directly onto the previous layers to provide a stacked array of emitting layers. As such the layering of light- emissive sources, at least some of which are transparent is achieved at the micro-structure level.
  • At least the front-most layers 314, 320, 322 and optionally the back-most layer 310 have a transparencey of at least 10%.
  • the three front-most layers are configured to emit red, green and blue light (in that or any other order) thereby providing the means to create a full-colour image with high-dynamic range.
  • An optional diffuser 334 is provided to scatter the emitted light in order to achieve preferential viewing angles.
  • the use of optical arrangements to provide light focussing means for the light output from one layer and to be incident on a next layer are not required when the pixel elements of one layer are directly overlaid onto the pixel elements of the next layer.
  • the first is the use of a transparent layer or panel disposed in front of the back-modulated light source.
  • the transparency level of this panel being of such a level that the dynamic range and/or contrast of the display is enhanced compared to known devices.
  • a second advantageous feature is the combination of that transparency quality with an emissive quality.
  • a transparent electroluminescent (EL) device or other transparent emissive device may be used. This improves the dynamic range and/or contrast ratio of the display.
  • a further advantageous feature is the use of an OLED or TOLED panel as the back-most panel or layer of the device. Comapred to current LED matrix technology the use of an OLED or TOLED panel for providing a modulated light source within the display device providise the following benefits:
  • the display may be built to any size, from smaller mobile phone type applications up to larger scale display screens for event use;
  • the transparency of the TOLED is usually 70-80% when switched off, when switched on it is lower, but still greater than an LCD panel. This means that the dynamic range can be boosted or enhanced compared to current HDR displays; 6) the use of flexible OLED and/or TOLED may enable the display devices to have a flexible quality;
  • the emitting layers can be deployed in a front projection display system for cinema applications
  • the display screens embodying the present invention may be rear-projection screens or front-projection screens.
  • the light emitting elements of the display devices described may be employed in a projecting element for coupling to front projection screens.
  • the projecting device may comprise optical components to focus the image onto a distant display screen.
  • Such devices have application in cinema and other large display projection screens.
  • the pixel output from one panel is not aligned directly with the pixel output of the subsequent panel, but rather the pixels are off-set one another and the output of the display is controlled by a programmable drive mechanism(s).
  • the shape of the pixels from any panel may be other than square. In the preferred embodiments the pixels are round, square or hexagonal. Other shapes are however envisaged and indeed combinations of shapes of pixels are envisaged in other embodiments.
  • the back panel 10 (which is acting as a back light system) has a lower or equal resolution (in terms of the number of pixels) as the front panel 14.
  • the display devices described may comprise other elements such as anti-glare and/or anti-scratch coatings which may be applied to the outer surface of the display screen.
  • the rear-most modulated light source could be replaced with a single back-light source and separate, preferably transparent, LCD element.
  • a light-emitting panel having a high level of transparency could be employed to enhance the luminance and hence dynamic range of the overall display device and/or to provide colour through coloured filters.
  • the back-light source and transparent emissive panel simply providing white or if required coloured light.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif d'affichage, qui comprend une première lumière pour émettre des rayons lumineux et un premier modulateur apte à fonctionner de façon à moduler les rayons lumineux pour générer des rayons lumineux modulés primaires (10). Une seconde source de lumière ayant un second modulateur apte à fonctionner de façon à générer des rayons lumineux modulés secondaires est également disposée (14). La seconde source de lumière est transparente et est disposée par rapport à la première source de lumière de telle sorte que des rayons lumineux modulés primaires générés par la première source de lumière peuvent être transmis à travers la seconde source de lumière, ce par quoi une sortie de lumière composite comprenant à la fois des rayons lumineux modulés primaires et secondaires est générée.
PCT/EP2010/061545 2009-08-07 2010-08-09 Dispositif d'affichage pour images numériques Ceased WO2011015669A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/389,052 US8941563B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2010-08-09 Display for digital images
EP10739375A EP2462582A1 (fr) 2009-08-07 2010-08-09 Dispositif d'affichage pour images numériques

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0913805.8 2009-08-07
GB0913805A GB2475026A (en) 2009-08-07 2009-08-07 Display for displaying digital images having improved contrast ratio

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011015669A1 true WO2011015669A1 (fr) 2011-02-10

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2010/061545 Ceased WO2011015669A1 (fr) 2009-08-07 2010-08-09 Dispositif d'affichage pour images numériques

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8941563B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2462582A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2475026A (fr)
WO (1) WO2011015669A1 (fr)

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US9869855B2 (en) 2011-10-06 2018-01-16 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Picture element driven by two sets of grayscale values, one set being less than the other
US10514542B2 (en) 2011-12-19 2019-12-24 Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation Head-mounted display

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CN104423137B (zh) * 2013-09-04 2018-08-10 联想(北京)有限公司 三维显示装置、显示方法和电子设备
KR20160067275A (ko) * 2014-12-03 2016-06-14 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 표시 장치 및 이의 구동 방법
KR20180044347A (ko) * 2015-08-25 2018-05-02 에이비엘 아이피 홀딩, 엘엘씨 소프트웨어 구성가능한 라이팅 디바이스에서 디스플레이의 사용을 위한 향상들
US12405494B2 (en) 2022-08-02 2025-09-02 Apple Inc. Display with off-state transparency

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US10514542B2 (en) 2011-12-19 2019-12-24 Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation Head-mounted display

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120133606A1 (en) 2012-05-31
EP2462582A1 (fr) 2012-06-13
GB2475026A (en) 2011-05-11
GB0913805D0 (en) 2009-09-16
US8941563B2 (en) 2015-01-27

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