WO2011009385A1 - Miniflow control dye-sensitized solar cell - Google Patents

Abstract

A mimflow control dye-sensitized solar cell integrated with mimflow control device is disclosed. Ananocrystal film (7) is provided between the conductive area of power output negative electrode (l2) of the cell's light anode (3) and the conductive area of power output positive electrode (13) of the cell's counter electrode(l); the nanocrystal film (7) is connected to two reservoirs(l0) via microchannels (8), respectively, microflutes (9) are provided between the adjacent reservoirs (l0), the above connection forms a microchannel cycle loop filled with liquid electrolyte (6); the positive electrode (14) and negative electrode (15) of external voltage inlet in the liquid electrolyte (6) of the reservoirs (l0), respectively; the positive electrode(14) and negative electrode (15) of external voltage, the reservoirs (l0) filled with liquid electrolyte(6), and the microflutes (9) make up of "electro-osmosis pump". In driving of lift force of "electro-osmosis pump", cycling and supplement of liquid electrolyte in the dye-sensitized solar cell are achieved, and the failure problem of cell caused by electrolyte leakage is solved, so as to effectively extend the operating life of the dye-sensitized solar cell.

Description

 Microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell

Technical field

 The invention belongs to the field of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC), and particularly relates to a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell integrating a microfluidic device and a dye-sensitized solar cell. Background technique

Solar energy application technology has always been an important research and development area for researchers. Since the 1970s, American scientists first developed silicon solar cells (Barb, CJ; Arendse, F.; Comte, P.; Jirousek, M.; Lenzmann, F.; Shklover, V.; Gratzel, MJ Am. Ceram Soc. 1997, 80, 3157), and has been applied in aerospace and other fields; currently, monocrystalline silicon solar cells produced industrially have photoelectric conversion efficiencies between 13% and 16% (Bedja, I.; Hotchandani, S. Kamat, PVJ Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 4133.). Due to the complicated manufacturing process and high cost of the silicon battery, the widening of its application range is limited. In order to overcome the shortcomings of silicon batteries, researchers have developed a variety of new photovoltaic cells. Among them, the porous nanocrystalline Ti0 ₂ dye-sensitized solar cell developed by Professor M. Gratzel of Switzerland in the 1990s has attracted widespread attention. Under AM 1.5 simulated sunlight, its photoelectric conversion efficiency has reached 7.1%~12%. (Benkstein, KD; Kopidakis, N.; Lagemaat, J. van de; Frank, AJJ Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 7795.). Compared with silicon cells, dye-sensitized solar cells have the advantages of simple preparation process and low production cost; they have low requirements on incident light angle, and still have good battery performance under refracted light and reflected light conditions; since DSSC will have The wide spectral absorption dye and the nanoporous film with high specific surface area are organically combined to work in a wide range of visible light, suitable for low light conditions such as indirect light and cloudy, and in indoors with insufficient light conditions. Under the conditions of application, DSSC has become a new research hotspot and industrialization direction.

The dye-sensitized solar cell is mainly composed of a conductive substrate, a porous nanocrystalline semiconductor film, a dye photosensitizer, an electrolyte, and a transparent electrode. Electrolyte to a dye-sensitized solar cell, the primary organic solvent containing Γ / Ι ³ _ a redox pair is formed, i.e., a liquid electrolyte. However, dye-sensitized solar cells have a problem of electrolyte loss after long-term use, thereby reducing the utility of the battery. As a result, researchers have turned their research into quasi-solid (sol-gel) electrolytes and all-solid electrolytes. However, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the quasi-solid electrolyte DSSC and the all-solid electrolyte DSSC is far lower than that of the liquid electrolyte DSSC. Summary of the invention

 In order to exert the advantages of liquid electrolyte and overcome its deficiencies, the inventors of the present invention conducted extensive and in-depth research, and found that combining microfluidic technology with DSSC battery technology can fully utilize the advantages of liquid electrolyte and effectively overcome The inadequacy of liquid electrolytes.

Microfluidics is a new cutting-edge technology that combines physical, chemical and biological research. It realizes single or complex fluid mixing, separation, chemical reaction, mass transfer and heat transfer in the microchannel through the control of micro-valves, micro-pumps, micro-electrodes, micro-electromagnetic fields and other functional micro-components. Microfluidic technology is characterized by nanoscale components and microchannels, small samples, operation "green", integration, automation, and low cost. It is known that liquid flows through the pipe and is subject to frictional resistance of the pipe wall. When the inner diameter of the pipe is small, the frictional resistance of the pipe wall is large. In general, an external force must be applied to allow liquid to flow in tiny pipes. At present, a fluid pressure or electric field is widely used in a microfluidic system to control the flow of a liquid, and an electroosmotic flow is generated by placing a microelectrode and an electric field in a microfluidic conduit to drive the flow of liquid in the conduit. The working principle of the "electroosmotic pump" is that, taking the glass substrate as an example, as shown in Fig. 1, under the condition that the pH of the electrolyte solution is neutral or alkaline, the surface of the glass microgroove produces a local negative charge. The negative charge in the domain will attract the cations in the electrolyte solution in the glass microchannel, which in turn forms an "double layer" at the solid-liquid interface between the glass microchannel and the electrolyte solution. Under the action of the external electric field force, the cation layer migrates and the electrolyte solution in the glass microchannel is entirely flowed toward the negative electrode of the electric field (electroosmotic flow). The external electric field, the negatively-localized glass microchannel and the neutral or alkaline electrolyte solution have a synergistic effect like a pump, commonly known as an "electroosmotic pump".

 The invention proposes a new idea, combines the microfluidic technology with the DSSC battery technology, integrates the "electroosmotic pump" with the DSSC battery through the special design of the microchannel and the microcircuit, and utilizes the "electroosmotic pump" micro The flow and microstructure characteristics realize the circulation and supplement of the liquid electrolyte in the nanocrystalline film, effectively solving the problem of the lack of liquid electrolyte in the battery. In addition, in the conventional conventional dye-sensitized solar cell, the total content of the liquid electrolyte is only the capacity of the voids in the nanocrystalline film, and the total electrolyte capacity of the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of the present invention is a liquid storage tank, micro The sum of the capacities of the grooves, the microchannels and the voids in the nanocrystalline film is several orders of magnitude of the former, and the advantage is that the nanocrystalline film is sufficiently infiltrated in the electrolyte for a long time, thereby avoiding the maximum infiltration due to electrolyte infiltration. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is attenuated, thereby maintaining long-term stability of the battery performance and prolonging the service life of the battery. The object of the present invention is to provide a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell, which adopts a microfluidic technology, and constructs a microchannel and a microcircuit in a battery body to "electroosmotic pump", nanocrystalline film and storage. The liquid tank is integrated into the liquid electrolyte circulation loop, and the liquid electrolyte in the nanocrystalline membrane is continuously updated and supplemented under the driving force of the "electroosmotic pump", thereby maintaining the long-term stability of the battery performance and prolonging the service life of the battery.

The working principle of the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2, the nanocrystalline film E is connected to the two liquid storage tanks C1 and C2 via the microchannel, and the two liquid storage tanks C1 and C2 are connected. Capillary-scale microchannel D, the above connection forms a microchannel circulation loop, in which the liquid electrolyte is filled; the positive electrode A1 with applied voltage and the negative electrode A2 with applied voltage are respectively introduced into the liquid storage tanks C1 and C2. In the liquid electrolyte; there is a nanocrystalline film between the conductive region of the electric energy output negative electrode B1 of the battery photoanode plate and the electric energy output positive electrode B2 of the battery counter electrode plate; the positive electrode A1 with applied voltage and the negative electrode A2 with applied voltage The reservoirs C1 and C2 and the microchannels D filled with the liquid electrolyte constitute the aforementioned "electroosmotic pump". Driven by the lift force of the "electroosmotic pump", the liquid electrolyte will flow in the microchannel circulation loop to achieve continuous renewal and replenishment of the liquid electrolyte in the nanocrystalline membrane. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of the invention comprises a battery counter electrode plate, a battery pressure film, a battery photoanode plate, a battery sealing film, a battery sealing blind plate, a liquid electrolyte, a nanocrystalline film, a micro channel, a micro groove, and a storage The liquid tank, the electric energy output negative pole, the electric energy output positive pole, the applied voltage positive pole and the applied voltage negative pole.

 One surface of the battery light anode plate is a conductive surface, and the other surface is a non-conductive surface; one surface of the battery counter electrode plate is a conductive surface, and the other surface is a non-conductive surface.

 The conductive surface of the battery photoanode plate is separated by two or more independent conductive regions, one of which serves as a negative electrode for electric energy output; the remaining conductive region serves as a spare region, for example, as an applied voltage positive electrode or an applied voltage negative electrode.

 The battery is separated from the conductive surface of the electrode plate by two or more independent conductive regions, one of which serves as a positive electrode for electric energy output, and has a metal platinum layer on the surface of the positive electrode of the power output; the remaining conductive regions serve as spare regions, such as As an applied voltage positive electrode or an applied voltage negative electrode or the like.

 The conductive surface of the battery photoanode plate is opposite to the conductive surface of the battery counter electrode plate, and the nanocrystalline film is located on the conductive region of the battery photoanode plate as the negative electrode of the electric energy output and the conductive region of the battery counter electrode as the positive electrode of the electric energy output. There is a battery pressure film around the periphery of the nanocrystalline film (the nanocrystalline film cannot have a battery pressure film between the above-mentioned conductive output negative electrode and the conductive region as the positive electrode of the electric energy output); at the battery pressure film At least one spare area on the photo-anode panel of the battery, or at least one spare area on the battery-to-electrode plate on the battery-pressed film, having at least two through-holes penetrating the battery film ( The through holes are preferably cylindrical through holes and are equally spaced apart; and there is not less than one micro groove in the form of a capillary between the battery photoanode plate or the through hole of the battery counter electrode plate, the micro groove will be The through holes are connected in series, and the microgrooves on the photoanode plate of the battery are not in contact with or intersect with the conductive region as the negative electrode of the electric energy output, and the microgrooves are opened on the counter plate of the battery A conductive region in contact with the electrical energy output of the positive electrode; and when the number of through-holes 2 is greater than when no directly connected in series microgrooves between the through hole communicating the first through-hole and the through-hole tail. The two through holes at both ends of the plurality of through holes in series are referred to as a first through hole and a tail through hole, and the through hole at either end is referred to as a first through hole, and the other end through hole is referred to as a through hole.

 There are two or more microchannels in the battery pressure film. When the number of through holes is greater than two, at least one of the microchannels is connected to the nanocrystalline film and the first through hole respectively, and the remaining battery voltage is The two ends of the microchannel in the film are respectively connected with the nanocrystalline film and the last through hole; or when the number of the through holes is two, at least one of the two microchannels is respectively connected with the nanocrystalline film and one of the through holes In connection with each other, the two ends of the microchannel in the remaining battery pressure film are respectively connected to the nanocrystalline film and the other through hole.

 The microchannels are not in direct communication with the microchannels.

 The microvoids in the nanocrystalline film, the microchannels in the battery pressure film, the through holes and the microchannels are filled with a liquid electrolyte.

The through holes of the non-conducting surface of the battery photoanode plate or the non-conducting surface of the battery counter electrode plate are covered with a battery sealing blind plate, a battery sealing blind plate and a non-conductive surface of the battery photoanode plate or a battery. There is a battery sealing film between the non-conductive surfaces of the electrode plates (the battery sealing blind plate does not block the light receiving surface of the nanocrystalline film). The space defined by the through hole and the battery sealing film, the battery sealing blind plate, the battery pressing film and the battery photoanode plate constitutes a liquid storage tank, or a through hole and a battery sealing film, a battery sealing blind plate, a battery pressing film and The space enclosed by the battery electrode plate constitutes a liquid storage tank (in which a liquid storage tank is formed at one through hole); when the number of through holes is more than two, that is, when the number of the liquid storage tanks is greater than two, the applied voltage The positive electrode is passed into a liquid storage tank formed by the first through hole (referred to as a first storage liquid tank), and the negative electrode of the applied voltage is introduced into the liquid electrolyte in a liquid storage tank formed by the last through hole (referred to as a final liquid storage tank); or When the number of the liquid storage tanks is two, the positive electrode of the applied voltage and the negative electrode of the applied voltage are respectively introduced into the liquid electrolyte in the two liquid storage tanks.

 The size of the metal platinum layer of the electrical energy output positive surface is adapted to the nanocrystalline film.

The metal platinum layer is formed by attaching metal platinum to the surface of the positive electrode of the electric energy output by ion sputtering, vapor deposition or electroless plating. The adhesion amount of the metal platinum layer may be Li^g/cm ² or less, and the adhesion amount of the metal platinum layer is preferably 5 g/cm ^{2 to} 8 g/cm ² .

 The size of the conductive region of the battery photoanode plate as the power output negative electrode and the conductive region of the battery counter electrode as the power output positive electrode are both larger than the size of the nanocrystalline film.

 The microchannels may have an equivalent diameter of 10 μηι to 500 μηι.

 The microchannels may have an equivalent diameter of 0.2 mm to 1 mm.

 The nanocrystalline film may be prepared by the following method: spraying a solution containing a microparticle material onto the surface of the negative electrode of the electric energy output by spraying, printing, knife coating or film attachment, at 400 ° C to 600 ° Curing at a temperature of C (preferably 450 ° C), forming a film of micro-particle material on the surface of the negative electrode of the electric energy output; then immersing the negative electrode of the electric energy output with the film of the micro-particle material in an organic dye solution or an inorganic dye solution to adsorb the dye, Soaking time is 0.5 1! ~ 48 h; taken out to obtain a nanocrystalline film; the thickness of the nanocrystalline film is 5 μηι to 50 μηι.

 The solution containing the microparticle material comprises a microparticulate material, polyvinyl alcohol, ethanol and deionized water; wherein: a microparticle material having a mass concentration of 5% to 15%, and a concentration of 1% to 5% by mass Vinyl alcohol, a concentration of 30%~50% ethanol, the balance being deionized water.

The microparticulate material has a particle size of 10 nm to 500 nm; at least one selected from the group consisting of Ti0 ₂ , ZnO, SnO ₂ , Nd ₂ 0 ₅ and the like.

The organic dye solution or the inorganic dye solution refers to: an organic dye or a mixed solution of an inorganic dye and a solvent, wherein the organic dye solution or the inorganic dye solution has a molar concentration of 0.03 mM/L to 3 mM/L _; It may be at least one selected from the group consisting of ethanol, toluene, methanol, acetonitrile, 3-methoxyacrylonitrile, tetrat-butylpyridine, acetone, isopropanol and the like.

 The organic dye may be a carboxylic acid bipyridylium or a carboxylic acid polypyridinium; wherein: the carboxylic acid bipyridylium includes N3 (uthenium 535 abbreviated as N3) and N719 (Ruthenium 535-bisTBA abbreviated as N719).

The inorganic dye may be at least one selected from the group consisting of CdS, CdSe, FeS ₂ , RuS ₂ and the like. The battery counter electrode plate and the battery photoanode plate can be made of a transparent conductive material, such as ITO conductive glass or FTO conductive glass. The independent conductive region separated by the side surface of the battery counter electrode plate and the photoanode plate of the battery may be processed by etching, laser or ultrasonic.

 The battery pressure film and the battery sealing film may each have a thickness of 5 μm to 50 μm, which are all materials having pressure bonding or thermal bonding properties, such as: polyethylene terephthalate (abbreviation) PET) thermosetting film, DuPont's Bynel heat sealing film.

 The battery sealing blind plate may be a material having a smooth surface such as conductive glass, ordinary glass, plexiglass or metal plate, etc., preferably conductive glass.

 The liquid electrolyte may be a commonly used liquid electrolyte. Preferably, the liquid electrolyte contains 0.05 mol/L to 0.5 mol/L of iodine, 0.01 mol/L to 1 mol/L of iodide, 0.1 mol/L in a mixed solvent. A mixture of 5 mol/L modifier.

 In the above liquid electrolyte, the mixed solvent is prepared by a molar ratio of the ionic liquid to the organic solvent of from 0 to 100: 100 to 0.

 In the above liquid electrolyte, the ionic liquid may be selected from the group consisting of 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide, 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium iodide salt, and 1-methyl-3-butylimidazole. Iodine salt, 1-methyl-3-hexylimidazolium iodide, 1.2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide, tetrapropylammonium iodide, N-ethylpyridine iodide, N-butyl bromide At least one of the group consisting of pyridine, N-butylpyridine tetrafluoroborate, N-butyl-3-methylpyridine chloride, and the like.

 In the above liquid electrolyte, the organic solvent may be a volatile or nonvolatile solvent, such as selected from the group consisting of ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, 3-methoxy acrylonitrile, tetrabutyl pyridine, acetone, isopropanol, etc. At least one of the group consisting of.

 In the above liquid electrolyte, the iodide may be at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium iodide, sodium iodide, potassium iodide, and ammonium iodide.

 In the above liquid electrolyte, the modifier may be N-methylbenzimidazole or tert-butylpyridine.

 The invention realizes the circulation and supplement of the liquid electrolyte in the dye-sensitized solar cell through the integrated design of the "electroosmotic pump", the microchannel, the microcircuit and the dye-sensitized nanocrystalline film, and solves the problem of the battery failure caused by the electrolyte loss in the past. Thus, the service life of the dye-sensitized solar cell is effectively extended. DRAWINGS

 Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the working principle of "electroosmotic pump".

 Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the working principle of the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of the present invention.

 Figure 3. Side cross-sectional view of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 1 of the present invention.

 Figure 4 is a front elevational view of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 1 of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a front elevational view of a battery photoanode panel of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 6. Front view of a cell counter electrode plate of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 7. Front view of a battery pressure film of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 8. Front view of a battery closure film of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 9 is a side cross-sectional view of the battery of the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 2 of the present invention.

 Figure 10 is a front elevational view of the battery of the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 2 of the present invention.

 Figure 11. Front view of a battery photoanode panel of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 2 of the present invention. Figure 12 is a front elevational view of a battery counter electrode plate of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 2 of the present invention. Figure 13. Front view of a battery pressure film of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 2 of the present invention. Figure 14. Front view of a blind plate of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 2 of the present invention.

Figure 15. Front view of a battery closure film of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 2 of the present invention. Figure 16. IV plot of an existing non-microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell tested at a simulated solar intensity of 100 mW/cm ² . Where a represents the IV curve of the initial test and b represents the IV curve tested after 7 days.

Figure 17. IV graph of the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 1 of the present invention tested when a 5 V DC voltage was applied between the applied voltage positive and negative electrodes and the simulated solar light intensity was 100 mW/cm ² . Where c represents the IV curve of the initial test and d represents the IV curve tested after 7 days.

Figure 18. IV graph of the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 2 of the present invention tested when a 10 V DC voltage was applied between the applied voltage positive and negative electrodes and the simulated solar light intensity was 100 mW/cm ² . Where e represents the IV curve of the initial test and f represents the IV curve tested after 7 days.

 Figure 19. Front view of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 3 of the present invention.

 Figure 20. Front view of a battery photoanode panel of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 3 of the present invention. Figure 21 is a front elevational view of a cell counter electrode plate of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 3 of the present invention. Figure 22. Front view of a battery pressure film of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 3 of the present invention. Figure 23 is a front elevational view of a battery closure film of a microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 3 of the present invention. Reference numeral

 1. Battery counter electrode plate 2. Battery pressure film 3. Battery light anode plate

 4. Battery sealing film 5. Battery sealing blind plate 6. Liquid electrolyte

 7. Nanocrystalline film 8. Microchannel 9. Microchannel

 10. Liquid storage tank 11. Liquid storage tank 12. Electric energy output negative pole

 13. The power output positive pole 14. The applied voltage positive pole 15. The applied voltage negative pole

Example 1

Please refer to FIG. 3 to FIG. 8. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell comprises a battery counter electrode plate 1, a battery pressure film 2, a battery photoanode plate 3, a battery sealing film 4, a battery sealing blind plate 5, a liquid electrolyte 6, a nanocrystalline film 7, a microchannel 8 , micro-groove 9, liquid storage tank 10, liquid storage tank 11, electric energy output negative electrode 12, electric energy output positive electrode 13, plus The voltage positive electrode 14 and the applied voltage negative electrode 15.

 On the conductive surface of the photoanode plate 3 of the battery, two independent conductive regions are processed by laser etching, wherein one conductive region serves as the power output negative electrode 12 and the other conductive region serves as a spare region.

 The battery is processed on the conductive surface of the electrode plate 1 by laser etching to form four independent conductive regions, one of which serves as the power output positive electrode 13 and the other two as the applied voltage positive electrode 14 and the applied voltage negative electrode 15 respectively. The remaining conductive region serves as a spare region; wherein a metal platinum layer is present on the surface of the power output positive electrode 13.

 Between the conductive region of the battery photoanode plate 3 as the electrical energy output negative electrode and the battery counter electrode plate 1 as the electrical energy output positive electrode has a nanocrystalline film 7, and around the nanocrystalline film has a battery pressure film 2; In the spare area on the battery photoanode plate 3 having the battery pressure film, there are two cylindrical through holes penetrating the battery pressure film 2; and the battery light anode plate 3 between the cylindrical through holes is electrically conductive 5 micro-grooves 9 in the form of a capillary are opened on the surface, and the five micro-grooves respectively connect two cylindrical through-holes, and the micro-grooves opened on the battery photoanode plate 3 are not The conductive areas that serve as the negative poles of the electrical energy output intersect.

 The battery pressure film 2 has two microchannels 8 in which two ends of the microchannel are respectively connected with the nanocrystalline film 7 and a cylindrical through hole, and the two ends of the other microchannel are respectively combined with the nanocrystal. The membrane is in communication with another cylindrical through hole.

 The microchannels are not directly in communication with the microchannels.

 The two cylindrical through holes on the non-conducting surface of the battery photoanode plate 3 are covered with a battery sealing blind plate 5, and a battery sealing film is disposed between the battery sealing blind plate 5 and the non-conductive surface of the battery photoanode plate 3. 4 (The battery sealing blind plate 5 does not block the light receiving surface of the nanocrystalline film 7), and the battery sealing blind plate 5 is pressed against the battery sealing film 4.

 The microvoids in the nanocrystalline film, the microchannels in the battery pressure film, the cylindrical through holes, and the microchannels are filled with the liquid electrolyte 6.

 The space surrounded by the two cylindrical through holes and the battery sealing film 4, the battery sealing blind plate 5, the battery pressing film 2 and the battery photoanode plate 3 constitutes the liquid storage tank 10 and the liquid storage tank 11; The applied voltage negative electrode 15 is introduced into the liquid electrolyte in the liquid storage tank 10 and the liquid storage tank 11, respectively.

 The materials of the battery counter electrode plate 1, the battery photoanode plate 3 and the battery sealing blind plate 5 are all FTO conductive glass having a thickness of 1 mm.

 The material of the battery pressure film and the battery sealing film is a polyethylene terephthalate (referred to as PET) thermosetting film having a thickness of 50 μm.

The size of the battery photoanode plate 3 is 40 mm x 33 mm x l mm, and one of the conductive regions serving as the power output negative electrode 12 has a size of 24 mm x 16 mm _; the two cylindrical through holes have a pitch of 16 mm and a cylindrical shape. The diameter of the through hole is 4.5 mm _; the distance between the five parallel grooves in the form of a capillary is 1 mm, and the sectional size of the micro groove is 0.2 mm x 0.2 mm.

The battery counter electrode plate 1 has a size of 40 mm x 33 mm x l mm, and serves as an electric energy output positive electrode 13 The size of the conductive region is 27 mm x 16 mm, and the size of the positive electrode 14 and the applied voltage negative electrode 15 are both 20 mm x 10 mm; the surface of the positive electrode 13 of the power output has the same thickness as the nano film of about 8 μ. _§ /οηι ² metal platinum layer, metal platinum layer is coated by ion sputtering.

 The battery pressure film 2 has a size of 34 mm x 28 mm x 0.05 mm. Two microchannels having a width of 2.5 mm (the equivalent diameter of the microchannels are about 399 μηι) are processed on the battery pressure film 2 by laser cutting, and the diameter of the two cylindrical through holes is 6 mm; The laser cutting method processes an empty area of l lmmx l lmm on the battery pressure film 2 (cutting off the battery pressure film); one of the cylindrical through holes communicates with the empty area via one of the micro channels Another cylindrical through hole communicates with the empty region via another one of the microchannels. The two cylindrical through holes on the battery pressure film 2 and the positions of the empty regions are respectively assembled corresponding to the two cylindrical through holes and the nanocrystalline film on the battery photoanode plate 3.

 The nanocrystalline film has a size of 10 mm x 10 mm and a thickness of about 40 μm.

 The battery sealing film 4 has a size of 8 mm×8 mm×0.05 mm, and a cylindrical through hole having a diameter of 5 mm is opened at the center of the laser cutting method; the battery sealing film 4 and the battery photoanode plate are used. 3 When the composite assembly is performed, the cylindrical through hole opened in the battery sealing film 4 corresponds to the cylindrical through hole on the battery photoanode plate 3.

 The battery sealing blind plate 5 has a size of 8 mm x 8 mm x lmm.

The liquid electrolyte 6 is a mixture containing 0.05 mol/L of I ₂ , O. lmol/L of Lil, 0.45 mol/L of N-methylbenzimidazole in a mixed solvent; wherein the mixed solvent is 0.6. Mol/L 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide is prepared with acetonitrile.

 Production of battery photoanode panel: Cut the conductive glass to the required size, ultrasonic cleaning (respectively: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol), nitrogen drying, drilling 2 cylindrical through holes, laser etching microgroove 9 And as a separate conductive area of the electric energy output negative electrode 12, ultrasonic cleaning (using: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol, respectively), nitrogen drying.

The nanocrystalline film is prepared by the following method: Applying a solution containing Ti0 ₂ microparticles having a particle size of 10 nm to 100 nm to the surface of the electric energy output negative electrode by an electrostatic spraying method at 450 ° C Curing at temperature, a Ti0 ₂ porous film is formed on the surface of the negative electrode of the electric energy output; then the electric energy output negative electrode with the porous film is immersed in the organic dye solution to adsorb the dye, the soaking time is 24 hours; and the drying is performed to obtain a thickness of about 40 Nanocrystalline film 7 of μηι.

The solution containing the microparticles containing material Ti0 ₂ concentration of 10% by mass of Ti0 ₂ microparticles, a concentration of 3 mass% polyvinyl alcohol, mass concentration of 40% deionized water, 47% by mass concentration Ethanol.

 The organic dye solution is a mixed solution of N3 (Ruthenium 535 for N3) dye and anhydrous ethanol, wherein the molar concentration of the N3 dye in the mixed solution is 0.3 mM/L.

Production of battery counter electrode plate: Cut the conductive glass to the required size, ultrasonic cleaning (respectively: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol), nitrogen drying, ion sputtering metal platinum layer, laser etching as electric energy output positive electrode The independent conductive region of 13, the applied voltage positive electrode 14, and the applied voltage negative electrode 15. Ultrasonic cleaning (respectively: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol), blown dry with nitrogen.

 Production of battery pressure film: The PET material is cut to the required size, and the microchannels are processed by laser cutting, cylindrical through holes and llxl lmm empty areas (cutting the battery pressure film).

 Production of battery sealing blind plate: Cut the conductive glass to the required size, ultrasonically clean (respectively: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol), and blow dry with nitrogen.

 Production of the battery sealing film 4: The PET material is cut to a desired size, and a cylindrical through hole is processed by a laser cutting method.

 Battery package: The battery photoanode plate 3, the battery pressure film 2, and the battery counter electrode plate 1 are sequentially pressed and pressed; placed in an oven at 80 ° C for 1 hour to cure the battery pressure film; then the assembly is placed in a vacuum The chamber is evacuated; the micro-voids, microchannels, micro-grooves and two cylindrical through-holes in the nanocrystalline film are filled with the liquid electrolyte 6; the battery sealing film 4 is pressed into the surrounding area of the two cylindrical through holes, Then, the battery sealing blind plate 5 is pressed onto the battery sealing film 4, and covers two cylindrical through holes, and the battery sealing film 4 is cured by heating at 80 ° C for 1 hour; the vacuum is released, and the battery is taken out and taken out.

 The effect of the battery of this embodiment on the existing non-microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell:

 A sample of an existing non-microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell (other than the battery of Example 1 except that the microfluidic technology is not utilized) and the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Embodiment 1 of the present invention The samples were initially tested (tested after preparation) and tested after 7 days. The results are shown in Figures 16 and 17.

 Experimental equipment: CH1630A electrochemical analyzer (manufacturer: Shanghai Chenhua Instrument Co., Ltd.)

 CMH-250 Solar Simulator (Manufacturer: Beijing Aobodi Optoelectronic Technology Co., Ltd.)

 HAT6002D DC POWER SUPPLY (Manufacturer: Taizhou Hengant Electronics Co., Ltd.) Table 1. Test data of existing dye-sensitized solar cells

表 2.本发明实施例 1的测试数据

Table 2. Test data of Embodiment 1 of the present invention

图 16 的 I-V曲线中， 短路电流下降明显， 约降 12 % , 效率下降约 11.7 %； 图 17的 I-V曲线中， 短路电流示值稳定， 基本未下降， 效率稳定在 1.0 %。 结果表明， 本发明的微流控染料敏化太阳能电池能有效地维持良好的电池性能。 实施例 2

In the IV curve of Fig. 16, the short-circuit current drops significantly, about 12%, and the efficiency drops by about 11.7%. In the IV curve of Fig. 17, the short-circuit current is stable, basically does not decrease, and the efficiency is stable at 1.0%. The results show that the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of the present invention can effectively maintain good battery performance. Example 2

 Please refer to Figure 9 to Figure 15. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell comprises a battery counter electrode plate 1, a battery pressure film 2, a battery photoanode plate 3, a battery sealing film 4, a battery sealing blind plate 5, a liquid electrolyte 6, a nanocrystalline film 7, a microchannel 8 The microgroove 9, the liquid storage tank 10, the liquid storage tank 11, the electric energy output negative electrode 12, the electric energy output positive electrode 13, the applied voltage positive electrode 14, and the applied voltage negative electrode 15.

 On the conductive surface of the photoanode plate 3 of the battery, two independent conductive regions are processed by laser etching, wherein one conductive region serves as the power output negative electrode 12 and the other conductive region serves as a spare region.

 The battery is processed on the conductive surface of the electrode plate 1 by laser etching to form two independent conductive regions, one of which serves as the power output positive electrode 13 and the other conductive region serves as a spare region; The surface has a metallic platinum layer.

 Between the conductive region of the battery photoanode plate 3 as the electrical energy output negative electrode and the battery counter electrode plate 1 as the electrical energy output positive electrode has a nanocrystalline film 7, and around the nanocrystalline film has a battery pressure film 2; There are two cylindrical through holes penetrating the battery pressure film 2 in the spare area on the battery counter plate 1 at the battery pressure film; and the battery between the cylindrical through holes is opposite to the electrode plate 1. The conductive surface is provided with five micro-grooves 9 which are parallel to each other, and the five micro-grooves respectively connect the two cylindrical through-holes.

 The battery pressure film 2 has two microchannels 8 in which two ends of the microchannel are respectively connected with the nanocrystalline film 7 and a cylindrical through hole, and the two ends of the other microchannel are respectively combined with the nanocrystal. The membrane is in communication with another cylindrical through hole.

 The two cylindrical through holes on the non-conducting surface of the battery counter electrode plate 1 are covered with a battery sealing blind plate 5, and a battery sealing film is arranged between the battery sealing blind plate 5 and the non-conductive surface of the battery counter electrode plate 1. 4. The battery sealing blind plate 5 is pressed on the battery sealing film 4.

 The microvoids in the nanocrystalline film, the microchannels in the battery pressure film, the cylindrical through holes, and the microchannels are filled with the liquid electrolyte 6.

 The space surrounded by the two cylindrical through holes and the battery sealing film 4, the battery sealing blind plate 5, the battery pressing film 2 and the battery photoanode plate 3 constitutes the liquid storage tank 10 and the liquid storage tank 11; The applied voltage negative electrode 15 is introduced into the liquid electrolyte in the liquid storage tank 10 and the liquid storage tank 11, respectively.

 The materials of the battery counter electrode plate 1, the battery photoanode plate 3 and the battery sealing blind plate 5 are all FTO conductive glass having a thickness of 1 mm.

The material of the battery pressure film and the battery sealing film is a polyethylene terephthalate (abbreviated as PET) thermosetting film having a thickness of 50 μm. The size of the battery photoanode plate 3 is 32 mm x 25 mm x l mm, and one of the conductive regions as the power output negative electrode 12 has a size of 24 mm x 16 mm.

The size of the battery counter electrode plate 1 is 32 mm x 25 mm x l mm, and one of the conductive regions of the positive electrode 13 as the power output is 24 mm x 16 mm _; the surface of the positive electrode 13 of the power output has a size of the nanocrystalline film. The same metal platinum layer having a thickness of about 8 g/cm ² is applied by ion sputtering; the distance between the two cylindrical through holes is 24 mm, and the diameter of the cylindrical through hole is 4.5. The distance between the micro-grooves 9 in the form of a capillary is 1 mm, and the cross-sectional dimension of the micro-groove is 0.2 mm x 0.2 mm.

 The battery pressure film 2 has a size of 32 mm x 20 mm x 0.05 mm. The two microchannels processed by the laser cutting method on the battery pressure film 2 have a width of 6 mm (the equivalent diameter of the microchannel is about 618 μηι), and the two cylindrical through holes have a diameter of 6 mm; The laser cutting method processes an empty area of 11 mm x l lmm on the battery pressure film 2 (cutting the battery pressure film). One of the cylindrical through holes communicates with the empty region via one of the microchannels, and the other of the cylindrical through holes communicates with the empty region via the other of the microchannels. The two cylindrical through holes on the battery pressure film 2 and the positions of the empty regions are respectively assembled corresponding to the two cylindrical through holes and the nanocrystalline film on the battery counter electrode plate 1.

 The nanocrystalline film has a size of 10 mm x 10 mm and a thickness of about 40 μm.

The battery sealing film 4 has a size of 32 mm x 20 mm x 0.05 mm _; two cylindrical through holes are processed thereon by laser cutting, and the two cylindrical through holes have a pitch of 24 mm and a diameter of 5 mm. When the battery sealing film 4 and the battery photoanode plate 3 are compositely assembled, the two cylindrical through holes opened in the battery sealing film 4 correspond to the two cylindrical through holes on the battery counter electrode plate 1.

 The size of the battery sealing blind plate 5 is 40 mm x 20 mm x lmm. Two independent conductive regions of size 12 mm x 9 mm were fabricated on the conductive surface by laser etching as the applied voltage positive electrode 14 and the applied voltage negative electrode 15.

The liquid electrolyte 6 is a mixture containing 0.05 mol/L of I ₂ , 0.1 mol/L of Lil, and 0.45 mol/L of N-methylbenzimidazole in a mixed solvent; wherein the mixed solvent is 0.6 mol. /L 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide and acetonitrile.

 Fabrication of battery photoanode panel: The conductive glass is cut to the required size, ultrasonic cleaning (respectively: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol), nitrogen drying, laser etching as the independent conductive region of the electric energy output negative electrode 12, ultrasonic Wash (respectively: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol), and blow dry with nitrogen.

The nanocrystalline film is prepared by the following method: Applying a solution containing Ti0 ₂ microparticles having a particle size of 10 nm to 100 nm to the surface of the electric energy output negative electrode 12 by an electrostatic spraying method at 450 ° C Curing at a temperature, forming a porous film of 10 ₂ on the surface of the negative electrode of the electric energy output; then immersing the negative electrode of the electric energy output with the porous film in the organic dye solution to adsorb the dye for 36 hours; taking out the drying to obtain a thickness of about It is a 40 μηη nanocrystalline film 7. Solution containing ₁₀₂ micro-particulate material contained in said mass concentration of 10% of the microparticles _102, the mass concentration of 3% polyvinyl alcohol, 40% by mass concentration of deionized water at the concentration of 47 % ethanol.

 The organic dye solution is a mixed solution of N719 (Ruthenium 535-bisTBA referred to as N719) dye and anhydrous ethanol, wherein the molar concentration of the N719 dye in the mixed solution is 0.2 mM/L.

 Fabrication of the electrode plate: Cut the conductive glass to the required size, drill 2 cylindrical through holes, ultrasonically clean (respectively: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol), nitrogen blow dry, ion sputter metal platinum layer The laser etched microchannel 9 and the independent conductive region as the electrical energy output positive electrode 13 are ultrasonically cleaned (using deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol, respectively) and blown dry with nitrogen.

 Production of battery pressure film: The PET material is cut to the required size, and the microchannels are processed by laser cutting, cylindrical through holes and llxl lmm empty areas (cutting the battery pressure film).

 Production of battery sealing blind plate: Cutting the required size of conductive glass; laser etching the independent conductive area on the side of the conductive surface plus voltage positive electrode 14 and applied voltage negative electrode 15; ultrasonic cleaning (respectively used: deionized water, acetone, no Water ethanol), dried by nitrogen.

 Production of battery sealing film: The PET material is cut to the required size, and two cylindrical through holes are processed by laser cutting.

 Battery package: The battery photoanode plate 3, the battery pressure film 2, and the battery counter electrode plate 1 are sequentially pressed and pressed; placed in an oven at 80 ° C for 1 hour to cure the battery pressure film; then the assembly is placed The vacuum chamber is evacuated; the micro-voids, microchannels, micro-grooves and two cylindrical through-holes in the nanocrystalline film are filled with the liquid electrolyte 6; the battery sealing film 4 is pressed into the surrounding area of the two cylindrical through holes Then, the battery sealing blind plate 5 is pressed onto the battery sealing film 4, and covers two cylindrical through holes, and heated at 80 ° C for 1 hour to cure the battery sealing film 4; the vacuum is released, and the battery is taken out and taken out.

 The effect of the battery of this embodiment on the existing non-microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell:

 The sample of the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 2 of the present invention was subjected to initial test and test after 7 days, and the results are shown in Fig. 18.

 Experimental equipment: CH1630A electrochemical analyzer (manufacturer: Shanghai Chenhua Instrument Co., Ltd.)

 CMH-250 Solar Simulator (Manufacturer: Beijing Aobodi Optoelectronic Technology Co., Ltd.)

 HAT6002D type DC POWER SUPPLY (manufacturer: Taizhou Hengant Electronics Co., Ltd.) Table 3. Test data of embodiment 2 of the present invention

图 18的 I-V曲线中， 短路电流示值稳定， 基本未变， 效率稳定在 1.01 %。 结果 表明， 本发明的微流控染料敏化太阳能电池能有效地维持良好的电池性能。 实施例 3

In the IV curve of Fig. 18, the short-circuit current is stable, substantially unchanged, and the efficiency is stable at 1.01%. The results show that the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of the present invention can effectively maintain good battery performance. Example 3

 Please refer to Figure 19 to Figure 23. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell comprises a battery counter electrode plate 1, a battery pressure film 2, a battery photoanode plate 3, a battery sealing film 4, a battery sealing blind plate 5, a liquid electrolyte 6, a nanocrystalline film 7, a microchannel 8 The micro-groove 9, the first storage tank 10, the final liquid storage tank 11, the electric energy output negative electrode 12, the electric energy output positive electrode 13, the applied voltage positive electrode 14, and the applied voltage negative electrode 15.

 On the conductive surface of the photoanode plate 3 of the battery, two independent conductive regions are processed by laser etching, wherein one conductive region serves as the power output negative electrode 12 and the other conductive region serves as a spare region.

 The battery is processed on the conductive surface of the electrode plate 1 by laser etching to form four independent conductive regions, one of which serves as the power output positive electrode 13 and the other two as the applied voltage positive electrode 14 and the applied voltage negative electrode 15 respectively. The remaining conductive region serves as a spare region; wherein a metal platinum layer is present on the surface of the power output positive electrode 13.

 Between the conductive region of the battery photoanode plate 3 as the electrical energy output negative electrode and the battery counter electrode plate 1 as the electrical energy output positive electrode has a nanocrystalline film 7, and around the nanocrystalline film has a battery pressure film 2; In the spare area on the photoanode plate 3 of the battery having the battery pressure film, there are three rows of cylindrical through holes penetrating the battery pressure film 2 (the center of the cylindrical through hole is in a straight line); And on the conductive surface of the battery photoanode plate 3 between the two adjacent cylindrical through holes, five micro-grooves 9 which are parallel to each other are opened, and three cylindrical through-holes are respectively The five micro-grooves are connected in series, and the micro-grooves on the photoanode plate 3 of the battery do not intersect the conductive region as the negative electrode of the electric energy output.

 The microchannels are not directly in communication with the microchannels.

 The three cylindrical through holes on the non-conducting surface of the battery photoanode plate 3 are covered with a battery sealing blind plate 5, and a battery sealing film is disposed between the battery sealing blind plate 5 and the non-conductive surface of the battery photoanode plate 3. 4 (The battery sealing blind plate 5 does not block the light receiving surface of the nanocrystalline film 7), and the battery sealing blind plate 5 is pressed against the battery sealing film 4.

 The microvoids in the nanocrystalline film, the microchannels in the battery pressure film, the cylindrical through holes, and the microchannels are filled with the liquid electrolyte 6.

 The space surrounded by the three cylindrical through holes and the battery sealing film 4, the battery sealing blind plate 5, the battery pressing film 2 and the battery photoanode plate 3 constitutes three cylindrical liquid storage tanks (including: the first storage tank 10 And the liquid storage tank 11); the applied voltage positive electrode 14 and the applied voltage negative electrode 15 are respectively introduced into the liquid electrolyte in the first liquid storage tank 10 and the final liquid storage tank 11.

 The battery pressure film 2 has two microchannels 8 therein, wherein two ends of one microchannel are respectively connected with the nanocrystalline film 7 and the cylindrical through hole corresponding to the first liquid storage tank 10, and the other microchannel The two ends are respectively in communication with the nanocrystalline film and the other cylindrical through hole corresponding to the final reservoir 11.

The materials of the battery counter electrode plate 1, the battery photoanode plate 3 and the battery sealing blind plate 5 are all 1 mm thick. FTO conductive glass.

 The material of the battery pressure film and the battery sealing film is a polyethylene terephthalate (referred to as PET) thermosetting film having a thickness of 50 μm.

The size of the battery photoanode plate 3 is 40 mm x 33 mm x l mm, and one of the conductive regions of the negative electrode 12 as the power output is 24 mm x 16 mm _; the three cylindrical through holes are 8 mm apart. The rows are arranged in a row, the diameter of the cylindrical through hole is 4.5 mm _; the distance between the microgroove and the microgroove is 1 mm, and the cross section of the microgroove is 0.2 mm x 0.2 mm.

The size of the battery counter electrode plate 1 is 40 mm x 33 mm x l mm, and the size of the conductive region of the positive electrode 13 is 27 mm x 16 mm, and the size of the positive electrode 14 and the applied voltage negative electrode 15 are both 20 mm x 6 mm; The surface of the power output positive electrode 13 has a metal platinum layer having a thickness of about 8 μ _§ / οη ² , which is the same as that of the nanocrystalline film, and the metal platinum layer is coated by ion sputtering.

 The battery pressure film 2 has a size of 34 mm x 28 mm x 0.05 mm. Two microchannels with a width of 2.5 mm (approximately 399 μηι of microchannels) and three cylindrical through holes with a pitch of 8 mm and a diameter of 6 mm were fabricated on the battery pressure film 2 by laser cutting; And a laser cutting method is used to process a l lmmx l lmm empty area on the battery pressure film 2 (cutting the battery pressure film); one of the cylindrical through holes passes through one of the micro channels and the space The area is connected, and another cylindrical through hole communicates with the empty area via another one of the micro channels. The three cylindrical through holes on the battery pressure film 2 and the positions of the empty regions are respectively assembled corresponding to the three cylindrical through holes and the nanocrystalline film on the battery photoanode plate 3.

 The battery sealing film 4 has a size of 25 mm x 8 mm x 0.05 mm, and three cylindrical through holes having a diameter of 5 mm are processed thereon by laser cutting. The three cylindrical through holes opened in the battery sealing film 4 are assembled correspondingly to the three cylindrical through holes on the battery photoanode plate 3.

 The nanocrystalline film has a size of 10 mm x 10 mm and a thickness of about 40 μm.

 The battery sealing blind plate 5 has a size of 25 mm x 8 mm x lmm.

The liquid electrolyte 6 is a mixture containing 0.05 mol/L of I ₂ , 0.1 mol/L of Lil, and 0.45 mol/L of N-methylbenzimidazole in a mixed solvent; wherein the mixed solvent is 0.6 mol. /L 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide and acetonitrile.

 Fabrication of battery photoanode panel: Cut the conductive glass to the required size, ultrasonic cleaning (respectively: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol), nitrogen drying, drilling 3 cylindrical through holes, laser etching microgroove 9 And as a separate conductive area of the electric energy output negative electrode 12, ultrasonic cleaning (using: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol, respectively), nitrogen drying.

The nanocrystalline film is prepared by the following method: a solution containing Ti0 ₂ microparticles having a particle size of 10 nm to 100 nm is applied to the surface of the power output negative electrode 12 by electrostatic spraying at 500 ° C. Curing at a temperature, forming a Ti0 ₂ porous film on the surface of the negative electrode of the electric energy output; then immersing the negative electrode of the electric energy output with the porous film in the organic dye solution to adsorb the dye for 24 hours; taking out the drying to obtain a thickness of about 40 μηη of nanocrystalline film 7.

The solution containing the microparticles containing material Ti0 ₂ concentration of 10% by mass of Ti0 ₂ microparticles, a concentration of 3 mass% polyvinyl alcohol, mass concentration of 40% deionized water, 47% by mass concentration Ethanol.

 The organic dye solution is a mixed solution of N3 (Ruthenium 535 for N3) dye and anhydrous ethanol, wherein the concentration of the N3 dye in the mixed solution is 0.4 mM/L.

 Production of battery counter electrode plate: Cut the conductive glass to the required size, ultrasonic cleaning (respectively: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol), nitrogen drying, ion sputtering metal platinum layer, laser etching as electric energy output positive electrode The independent conductive region of 13, the applied voltage positive electrode 14, and the applied voltage negative electrode 15. Ultrasonic cleaning (respectively: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol), nitrogen purged.

 Production of battery pressure film: The PET material is cut to the required size, and the microchannels are processed by laser cutting, cylindrical through holes and llxl lmm empty areas (cutting the battery pressure film).

 Production of battery sealing blind plate: Cut the conductive glass to the required size, ultrasonically clean (respectively: deionized water, acetone, absolute ethanol), and blow dry with nitrogen.

 Production of the battery sealing film 4: The PET material is cut to a desired size, and a cylindrical through hole is processed by a laser cutting method.

 Battery package: The battery photoanode plate 3, the battery pressure film 2, and the battery counter electrode plate 1 are sequentially pressed and pressed; placed in an oven at 80 ° C for 1 hour to cure the battery pressure film; then the assembly is placed in a vacuum The chamber is evacuated; the micro-voids, microchannels, micro-grooves and three cylindrical through-holes in the nanocrystalline film are filled with the liquid electrolyte 6; the battery sealing film 4 is pressed into the surrounding area of the three cylindrical through holes, Then, the battery sealing blind plate 5 is pressed onto the battery sealing film 4, and covers three cylindrical through holes, and the battery sealing film 4 is cured by heating at 80 ° C for 1 hour; the vacuum is released, and the battery is taken out and taken out.

 The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 3 of the present invention is similar to the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 1. Example 4

 The structure of the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell is the same as that of the embodiment 1, wherein the following changes are made as compared with the embodiment 1:

 The battery pressure film and the battery sealing film material each have a thickness of 20 μm of a polyethylene terephthalate (referred to as PET) thermosetting film.

The surface of the positive electrode of the electric energy output has a metal platinum layer having a thickness of about 5 g/cm ^{2 which is} the same size as the nanocrystalline film.

 The nanocrystalline film has a thickness of about 20 μm.

The liquid electrolyte is a mixture containing 0.3 mol/L of I ₂ , 0.2 mol/L of Lil, and 0.6 mol/L of N-methylbenzimidazole in a mixed solvent; wherein the mixed solvent is 0.5 mol/ L-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium iodide Formulated with isopropyl alcohol.

 The nanocrystalline film is prepared by the following method: Applying a solution containing ZnO microparticles having a particle size of 10 nm to 100 nm to the surface of the electric energy output negative electrode by an electrostatic spraying method at a temperature of 450 ° C Under the curing, a porous ZnO film is formed on the surface of the negative electrode of the electric energy output; then the negative electrode of the electric energy output with the porous film is immersed in the organic dye solution to adsorb the dye, the soaking time is 72 hours; and the drying is performed to obtain a thickness of about 20 μηι Nanocrystalline film.

 The solution containing the ZnO microparticle material contains ZnO microparticles having a mass concentration of 8 %, polyvinyl alcohol having a mass concentration of 4%, deionized water having a mass concentration of 40%, and ethanol having a mass concentration of 48%.

 The effect of the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 4 of the present invention is shown in Table 4. The main parameters of the battery tested after 7 days are basically stable. Table 4. Test data of Embodiment 4 of the present invention

实施例 5

Example 5

 The structure of the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell is the same as that of the embodiment 2; wherein the content is changed as compared with the embodiment 2:

 The microgroove has a cross-sectional dimension of 0.05 mm x 0.05 mm.

 The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of this example is similar to the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 2. Example 6

 The structure of the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell is the same as that of the embodiment 3; wherein the following changes are made compared with the embodiment 3:

 The microgroove has a cross-sectional dimension of 0.4 mm x 0.4 mm.

 The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of this example is similar to the microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell of Example 1.

Claims

Claim 1. A microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell comprising a battery counter electrode plate, a battery pressure film, a battery photoanode plate, a battery sealing film, a battery sealing blind plate, a liquid electrolyte, a nanocrystalline film, a microchannel, a microchannel , the liquid storage tank, the electric energy output negative pole, the electric energy output positive pole, the applied voltage positive pole and the applied voltage negative pole; the characteristics are:  The conductive surface of the battery photoanode plate is separated by two or more independent conductive regions, wherein one conductive region serves as a power output negative electrode; the remaining conductive regions serve as spare regions;  The battery has two or more independent conductive regions separated on the conductive surface of the electrode plate, wherein one conductive region serves as a positive electrode for electric energy output, and has a metal platinum layer on the surface of the positive electrode of the power output; the remaining conductive regions serve as spare areas;  The conductive surface of the battery photoanode plate is opposite to the conductive surface of the battery counter electrode plate, and the nanocrystalline film is located on the conductive region of the battery photoanode plate as the negative electrode of the electric energy output and the conductive region of the battery counter electrode as the positive electrode of the electric energy output. Between the battery adhesive film surrounding the periphery of the nanocrystalline film; at least one spare area on the battery photoanode plate having the battery pressure film, or at least on the battery counter electrode plate having the battery pressure film a spare area is provided with not less than 2 through holes penetrating the battery pressure film; and between the battery photoanode plate or the battery counter plate, there is not less than one micro groove in the form of a capillary tube. The microchannels connect the through holes in series, and the microchannels on the photoanode plate of the battery do not contact or intersect with the conductive region as the negative electrode of the electric energy output, and are opened on the opposite electrode plate of the battery. The microgroove is not in contact with the conductive region as the positive pole of the electric energy output; when the number of the through holes is greater than two, the microvia is directly connected between the first through hole and the tail through hole in the through hole communicating in series;  There are two or more microchannels in the battery pressure film. When the number of through holes is greater than two, at least one of the microchannels is connected to the nanocrystalline film and the first through hole respectively, and the remaining battery voltage is The two ends of the microchannel in the film are respectively connected with the nanocrystalline film and the last through hole; or when the number of the through holes is two, at least one of the two microchannels is respectively connected with the nanocrystalline film and one of the through holes Connected to each other, the two ends of the microchannel in the remaining battery pressure film are respectively connected with the nanocrystalline film and the other through hole;  The microchannel is not in direct communication with the microchannel;  The microvoids in the nanocrystalline film, the microchannels in the battery pressure film, the through holes and the microchannels are filled with a liquid electrolyte;  The through holes of the non-conducting surface of the battery photoanode plate or the non-conducting surface of the battery counter electrode plate are covered with a battery sealing blind plate, a battery sealing blind plate and a non-conductive surface of the battery photoanode plate or a battery. a battery sealing film between the non-conductive surfaces of the electrode plates; The space defined by the through hole and the battery sealing film, the battery sealing blind plate, the battery pressing film and the battery photoanode plate constitutes a liquid storage tank, or a through hole and a battery sealing film, a battery sealing blind plate, a battery pressing film and The space enclosed by the battery to the electrode plate constitutes a liquid storage tank; when the number of the liquid storage tank is greater than two, the positive and negative electrodes of the applied voltage are respectively introduced into the liquid electrolyte in the first liquid storage tank and the last liquid storage tank; When the number of liquid storage tanks is two, the positive and negative voltages of the applied voltage Do not pass into the liquid electrolyte in the two reservoirs. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the through holes are arranged at equal intervals. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the battery sealing blind plate does not block the light receiving surface of the nanocrystalline film. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: the size of the metal platinum layer on the surface of the power output positive electrode is adapted to the nanocrystalline film. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the metal platinum layer is adhered to the positive electrode of the electric energy by ion sputtering, vapor deposition or electroless plating. The metal platinum layer is deposited in an amount of 10 g/cm ² or less. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 5, wherein the metal platinum layer has an adhesion amount of 5 g/cm ^{2 to} 8 g/cm ² . The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: the conductive region of the battery photoanode plate as a power output negative electrode and the conductive region of the battery counter electrode as a positive electrode for electric energy output The size is larger than the size of the nanocrystalline film. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the microchannel has an equivalent diameter of 10 μηη to 500 μηι. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, 3, 4 or 7, wherein the nanocrystalline film is prepared by the following method: spraying, printing, scraping or With a film attaching method, a solution containing a microparticle material is attached to the surface of the negative electrode of the electric energy output, and is cured at a temperature of 400 ° C to 60 (TC) to form a film of the microparticle material on the surface of the electric power output negative electrode; The electric energy output anode of the material film is immersed in an organic dye solution or an inorganic dye solution to adsorb the dye; and taken out to obtain a nanocrystalline film; The thickness of the nanocrystalline film is 5 μηι to 50 μηι _; The microparticulate material is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ti0 ₂ , ZnO, SnO ₂ , and Nd ₂ 0 ₅ . The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 9, wherein: The solution of the granular material contains a microparticle material having a mass concentration of 5% to 15%, a polyvinyl alcohol having a mass concentration of 1% to 5%, a concentration of 30% to 50% of ethanol, and the balance being deionized water; The microparticle material has a particle size of 10 nm to 500 nm _; The molar concentration of the organic dye solution or the inorganic dye solution is 0.03 mM / L ~ 3 mM / L _;  The solvent in the organic dye solution or the inorganic dye solution is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethanol, toluene, methanol, acetonitrile, 3-methoxyacrylonitrile, tetra-tert-butylpyridine, acetone, and isopropanol. Species  The organic dye is bismuth carboxylic acid or pyridinium carboxylate; The inorganic dye is at least one selected from the group consisting of CdS, CdSe, FeS ₂ , and RuS ₂ . The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the battery counter electrode plate and the battery photoanode plate are ITO conductive glass or FTO conductive glass. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the battery pressure film has a thickness of 5 μm to 50 μm _{; and} the battery sealing film has a thickness of 5 μm to 50 μm. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1 or 12, wherein the battery pressure film or battery sealing film is polyethylene terephthalate. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the battery sealing blind plate is a conductive glass, a plain glass, a plexiglass or a metal plate having a smooth surface. The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the liquid electrolyte contains 0.05 mol/L to 0.5 mol/L of iodine in a mixed solvent, 0.01 mol/L. A mixture of lmol/L iodide, 0.1 mol/L to 5 mol/L modifier.  The microfluidic dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 15, wherein the mixed solvent is prepared by a molar ratio of an ionic liquid to an organic solvent of 0 to 100: 100 to 0;  The ionic liquid is selected from the group consisting of 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide, 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium iodide, 1-methyl-3-butylimidazolium iodide, 1-methyl 3-hexyl imidazolium iodide, 1.2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide, tetrapropylammonium iodide, N-ethylpyridine iodide, N-butylpyridine bromide, N-butylpyridine At least one of the group consisting of tetrafluoroborate and N-butyl-3-methylpyridine chloride;  The organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, 3-methoxyacrylonitrile, tetrat-butylpyridinium, acetone, and isopropanol;  The iodide is at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium iodide, sodium iodide, potassium iodide, and ammonium iodide; and the modifier is N-methylbenzimidazole or tert-butylpyridine.