WO2011093431A1 - 光電変換装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
光電変換装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011093431A1 WO2011093431A1 PCT/JP2011/051713 JP2011051713W WO2011093431A1 WO 2011093431 A1 WO2011093431 A1 WO 2011093431A1 JP 2011051713 W JP2011051713 W JP 2011051713W WO 2011093431 A1 WO2011093431 A1 WO 2011093431A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- photoelectric conversion
- gap
- conversion device
- protrusion
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/10—Semiconductor bodies
- H10F77/12—Active materials
- H10F77/126—Active materials comprising only Group I-III-VI chalcopyrite materials, e.g. CuInSe2, CuGaSe2 or CuInGaSe2 [CIGS]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/30—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules comprising thin-film photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/31—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules comprising thin-film photovoltaic cells having multiple laterally adjacent thin-film photovoltaic cells deposited on the same substrate
- H10F19/33—Patterning processes to connect the photovoltaic cells, e.g. laser cutting of conductive or active layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/20—Electrodes
- H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
- H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
- H10F77/215—Geometries of grid contacts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/541—CuInSe2 material PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photoelectric conversion device having a photoelectric conversion layer made of a chalcopyrite compound and a method for producing the same.
- chalcopyrite-based photoelectric conversion devices such as CIS (copper indium selenide) and CIGS (copper indium gallium selenide).
- This chalcopyrite-based photoelectric conversion device generally has a photoelectric conversion layer made of a chalcopyrite-based compound such as copper indium diselenide as a light absorption layer, and a compound semiconductor such as cadmium sulfide as a buffer layer.
- a photoelectric conversion layer made of a chalcopyrite-based compound such as copper indium diselenide as a light absorption layer, and a compound semiconductor such as cadmium sulfide as a buffer layer.
- Examples of a manufacturing method of a CIGS cell that is one of chalcopyrite photoelectric conversion devices include the following. First, after forming a back electrode by forming a metal thin film such as molybdenum on a glass substrate, separation grooves for separating the back electrode into strips are formed. Next, after forming a CIGS layer and a buffer layer to be a photoelectric conversion layer on the substrate and the back electrode, a separation groove for separating the buffer layer and the CIGS layer is formed at a position close to the separation groove of the back electrode. Next, an electrode made of a transparent conductive film is formed on the buffer layer, and a grid electrode is printed and fired thereon. Thereafter, a CIGS cell can be formed by forming a separation groove for separating the electrode, the buffer layer, and the CIGS layer (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- Formation of the separation groove of the back electrode on the substrate as in the above technique is generally performed by laser processing (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- FIG. 7A shows a schematic view in plan view of the separation groove 21 formed by irradiating the back surface electrode 20 made of a metal thin film on the substrate with laser
- FIG. 7B shows the separation groove.
- FIG. FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions of the portion where the laser spots 22 overlap each other
- FIG. 8B is a graph showing the power density distribution of the laser spots 22 and has a Gaussian distribution.
- the spot shape of the cross section perpendicular to the optical path of the laser emitted from the laser oscillator is generally circular.
- the separation groove 21 is formed by scanning the back electrode 20 while irradiating the laser in pulses. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7A, the shape of the separation groove 21 is a continuous shape in which a part of a substantially circular laser spot 22 is overlapped in the scanning direction. Therefore, the separation groove 21 has an acute protrusion 23 as shown in FIG. The protrusion 23 is located at the intersection of the substantially circular laser spots 22 and protrudes toward the gap of the separation groove 21.
- One object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient and highly reliable photoelectric conversion device by reducing cracks generated in the photoelectric conversion layer.
- a photoelectric conversion device includes a substrate, a pair of electrodes provided on the substrate and arranged with a gap therebetween, and photoelectric sensors provided in the gap and on the pair of electrodes.
- a laminate formed by laminating a conversion layer is included.
- Each of the pair of electrodes is arranged alternately along the gap, and a linear portion along the gap and a first protruding portion having a curved end surface protruding from the linear portion toward the gap
- a method of manufacturing a photoelectric conversion device includes a step of forming an electrode layer on a substrate, a laser dividing step of dividing the electrode layer with a laser, and forming a pair of electrodes with a gap therebetween. Forming a photoelectric conversion layer in the gap and on the pair of electrodes.
- the electrode layer is repeatedly irradiated with a laser having a substantially rectangular spot while shifting so that parts of the spots overlap each other.
- the photoelectric conversion layer of the first protrusion is The concentration of stress can be reduced, and the occurrence of cracks in the first protrusion can be reduced.
- the tip surface of the first protruding portion of the electrode protruding into the gap of the separation groove formed by dividing the electrode layer can be easily curved. Can be made.
- FIG. 2A is a plan view of the separation groove formed in the back electrode
- FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the first protrusion of the back electrode
- FIG. 3A is a plan view showing an overlap of laser spots
- FIG. 3B shows a profile of laser power distribution.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view for showing a part corresponding to each dimension of a to g
- FIG. 5 (a) is a plan view of a separation groove formed in the back electrode
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view for showing the direction of stress in each part
- FIG. 6A is a plan view of a separation groove formed in the back electrode
- FIG. 6B is a plan view of FIG. It is a ZZ line sectional view of (a).
- FIG. 7A is a plan view of the separation groove formed in the back electrode
- FIG. 7B is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the protruding portion.
- FIG. 8A is a plan view showing overlap of laser spots
- FIG. 8B shows a profile of laser power distribution.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram for showing the direction of stress at each part
- FIG. 9A is a plan view of a separation groove formed in the back electrode
- FIG. 9B is a plan view of FIG. It is the WW sectional view taken on the line of (a).
- a photoelectric conversion device 1 includes a substrate 2, a back electrode 3 provided on the substrate 2, and a photoelectric conversion layer 4 provided on the back electrode 3. And a buffer layer 5 provided on the photoelectric conversion layer 4 and a window layer 6 corresponding to the surface electrode.
- the photoelectric conversion layer 4 made of a chalcopyrite compound and the buffer layer 5 heterojunctioned to the photoelectric conversion layer 4 are expressed as different things.
- a buffer layer 5 may be included.
- the substrate 2, the back surface electrode 3, and the photoelectric conversion layer 4 constitute a stacked body 1 ′ that is stacked along the stacking direction Y as shown in FIG. 1.
- the substrate 2 has a function of supporting the back electrode 3, the photoelectric conversion layer 4, the buffer layer 5, and the window layer 6.
- a substrate 2 for example, a plate-like material such as glass, ceramics, resin, or metal can be used.
- blue plate glass silica glass having a thickness of about 1 to 3 mm is preferably used in terms of improvement in photoelectric conversion efficiency, strength, and cost.
- the back electrode 3 has a function of collecting carriers generated in the photoelectric conversion layer 4, the buffer layer 5, and the window layer 6.
- a metal thin film of molybdenum, titanium, tantalum or the like having a thickness of about 0.2 to 1 ⁇ m or the above-described laminated structure of metal is used.
- the method for forming the back electrode 3 include a sputtering method and a vapor deposition method.
- the photoelectric conversion layer 4 is a semiconductor that functions as a light absorption layer and exhibits p-type conductivity.
- the photoelectric conversion layer 4 is composed of a chalcopyrite compound.
- the photoelectric conversion layer 4 includes, for example, a chalcopyite semiconductor thin film having a thickness of about 1 to 3 ⁇ m.
- examples of the photoelectric conversion layer 4 include copper indium diselenide, copper indium diselenide, gallium diselenide, copper indium disulphide, gallium disulfide, and copper indium disulphide indium gallium. Examples include multi-component compound semiconductor thin films.
- a multicomponent compound semiconductor thin film such as copper indium selenide, gallium diselenide, and the like having a thin film of selenide, copper indium sulfide, and gallium as a surface layer can be given.
- a photoelectric conversion layer 4 is formed by, for example, a sputtering method, a vapor deposition method, or a printing method.
- the buffer layer 5 is for forming a heterojunction with the photoelectric conversion layer 4.
- a compound semiconductor such as cadmium sulfide (CdS), indium sulfide (InS), or zinc sulfide (ZnS) having a thickness of about 0.01 to 0.1 ⁇ m is used.
- Such a buffer layer 5 is formed by, for example, a solution growth method (CBD method).
- the window layer 6 is a semiconductor exhibiting n-type conductivity and has a function of collecting carriers generated in the photoelectric conversion layer 4, the buffer layer 5, and the window layer 6. In the present embodiment, holes are collected by the back electrode 3 and electrons are collected by the window layer 6. Moreover, in the photoelectric conversion apparatus 1, since light injects from the window layer 6 side, the window layer 6 has translucency.
- a window layer 6 is made of a compound semiconductor containing zinc oxide (ZnO) having a thickness of about 1 to 2 ⁇ m, or a zinc oxide compound semiconductor containing aluminum, boron, gallium, indium, fluorine, or the like, or an oxide containing tin.
- a compound semiconductor containing indium (ITO) or tin oxide (SnO 2 ) is used.
- Such a window layer 6 is formed by sputtering or metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), for example.
- MOCVD metal organic chemical vapor deposition
- the window layer 6 also functions as one electrode (surface electrode) in the photoelectric conversion device 1.
- the photoelectric conversion device 1 may further include a transparent conductive film formed on the window layer 6 or may include an electrode in which the window layer 6 and the transparent conductive film are combined.
- the photoelectric conversion device 1 may further include a collector electrode formed on the transparent conductive film and made of a low-resistance material such as silver in order to further increase the current collection effect of carriers.
- the photoelectric conversion device 1 including the photoelectric conversion layer 4 made of a chalcopyrite compound as in the present embodiment needs to further improve the output voltage.
- integration is performed by connecting a plurality of photoelectric conversion units in series in a photoelectric conversion device formed on one substrate 2.
- a separation groove P1 for separating the back electrode 3 formed on the substrate 2 into strips is formed.
- the photoelectric conversion layer 4 and the buffer layer 5 are formed on the substrate 2, the back electrode 3, and the separation groove P1.
- a separation groove P2 for separating the photoelectric conversion layer 4 and the buffer layer 5 is formed at a position close to the separation groove P1.
- a window layer 6 transparent conductive film electrode
- a separation groove P3 for separating the window layer 6, the buffer layer 5 and the photoelectric conversion layer 4 is formed at a position close to the separation groove P2.
- the photoelectric conversion unit which adjoins in the part of the separation groove P2 is connected in series.
- the adjacent photoelectric conversion unit 1 a and photoelectric conversion unit 1 b are the window layer 6 of the photoelectric conversion unit 1 a and the back surface shared by the photoelectric conversion unit 1 a and the photoelectric conversion unit 1 b.
- the electrodes 3 are connected in series by being electrically connected.
- FIG. 2A shows a state when the separation groove P ⁇ b> 1 is formed in the back electrode 3.
- the separation groove P1 is formed by irradiating a laser.
- the back electrode 3 is divided into a pair of back electrodes 3a and 3b that form a pair.
- the gap between the pair of back surface electrodes 3a and 3b in the separation groove P1 is defined as a gap 10
- the end portion 11 is defined as an end portion 11.
- the laser spot shape is a laser spot 12, and portions of the pair of backside electrodes 3a and 3b that protrude toward the gap 10 are first protrusions 13a and 13b.
- the arrangement direction of the gap 10 is indicated by an arrow 14. Note that the width of the gap 10 in the portion without the first protrusion 13 is about 30 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m.
- the photoelectric conversion device of this embodiment includes a substrate, a pair of electrodes provided on the substrate and arranged with a gap therebetween, and a photoelectric conversion provided in the gap and on the pair of electrodes. And a laminate formed by laminating the layers.
- Each of the pair of electrodes has a linear protrusion along the gap and a first protrusion with a curved front end surface protruding from the linear portion toward the gap.
- interval 10 of the separation groove P1 among the back surface electrodes 3 is a curved surface shape. Therefore, the stress concentration of the photoelectric conversion layer 4 in the first protrusion 13 can be reduced, and the occurrence of cracks in the first protrusion 13 can be reduced.
- interval 10 of a pair of back surface electrodes 3a and 3b is curved shape. is there. That is, in the present embodiment, the tip surface of the first protrusion 13 that faces the gap 10 is curved. Therefore, when the photoelectric conversion layer 4 is formed on the back electrodes 3a and 3b in a later step, even if stress is generated due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the back electrodes 3a and 3b and the photoelectric conversion layer 4, the separation groove P1 The stress acting on the photoelectric conversion layer 4 in the vicinity of the first protrusion 13 can be dispersed.
- the formation method of the 1st protrusion parts 13a and 13b whose front end surface as mentioned above is curved shape is mentioned later.
- the 1st protrusion part 13 may have not only the front end surface facing the gap
- a plurality of the first projecting portions may be formed at regular intervals along the gap.
- the 1st protrusion part provided in each of a pair of electrode may mutually oppose.
- the first protrusions 13a and 13b of the pair of back surface electrodes 3a and 3b are mutually connected. You may provide so that it may oppose. If it is such a form, when a big stress acts on the 1st protrusion parts 13a and 13b, since the 1st protrusion part 13a and the 1st protrusion part 13b exist in a comparatively near position, the 1st protrusion part 13a It becomes easy to induce a crack connecting the first protrusion 13b.
- each of the pair of electrodes is a second protrusion that protrudes continuously in the stacking direction of the stacked body at the end portions facing each other along the gap arrangement direction. May have a part.
- the stress can be dispersed also in the thickness direction of the back electrode 3, so that the stress concentration can be further reduced. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the second projecting portions 15 projecting in the stacking direction Y continuously along the arrangement direction of the gap 10 are formed at the end portions 11 where the pair of back surface electrodes 3 face each other. It may be.
- the second protrusion 15 is formed so as to enter the inside of the photoelectric conversion layer 4. According to such a form, since the 2nd protrusion part 15 which is a part of back surface electrode 3 has penetrated the inside of the photoelectric converting layer 4, the adhesive strength of the back surface electrode 3 and the photoelectric converting layer 4 can be raised. . As a result, peeling between the back electrode 3 and the photoelectric conversion layer 4 can be reduced.
- the height f of the second protrusion 15 from the upper surface of the back electrode 3 can be 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 1.4 ⁇ m or less. That is, when the height f of the second protrusion 15 from the upper surface of the back electrode 3 is 0.2 ⁇ m or more, the effect of reducing peeling of the metal thin film constituting the back electrode 3 can be sufficiently obtained. Further, when the height f of the second protrusion 15 from the upper surface of the back electrode 3 is 1.4 ⁇ m or less, the distance between the back electrode 3 and the window layer 6 becomes small, and the leakage current of the completed photoelectric conversion device 1 is reduced. The increase in size can be reduced.
- the second protrusion 15 is provided so that the height f of the second protrusion 15 is smaller than the thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer 4 in the stacking direction Y.
- the protrusion length f of the second protrusion 15 can be suitably matched to the thickness of the back electrode 3. That is, it is possible to disperse stress due to expansion and contraction of the back electrode layer 3 in the stacking direction, and it is possible to reduce the occurrence of the leakage current due to the second protrusion 15 reaching the buffer layer 5.
- a step of forming an electrode layer on a substrate a laser division step of dividing the electrode layer with a laser to form a pair of electrodes with a gap therebetween, and in the gap and on the pair of electrodes Forming a photoelectric conversion layer, and in the laser splitting step, the electrode layer is repeatedly irradiated with a laser having a substantially rectangular spot while shifting so that a part of the spots overlap each other.
- an electrode layer made of molybdenum is formed as a back electrode 3 on almost the entire surface of the substrate 2 ultrasonically cleaned with pure water or the like by a sputtering method or the like.
- a back surface electrode 3 is patterned by forming a separation groove in the electrode layer using a laser.
- the electrode layer 3 is repeatedly irradiated with a laser having a substantially rectangular spot while shifting so that a part of the spots overlap each other.
- the laser used for patterning the back electrode 3 has a substantially rectangular laser spot 12 having a cross section perpendicular to the optical path of the laser emitted from the laser oscillator as shown in FIG. Some can be used.
- the laser having the substantially rectangular laser spot 12 is scanned on the electrode layer 3 while repeatedly irradiating the electrode layer 3 while shifting the laser spot 12 so that the laser spots 12 overlap each other. A gap 10 is formed.
- the shape of the end 11 of the separation groove P1 formed by the laser splitting process as described above is smoother than that of the laser spot 12 having a circular shape.
- the tip of the first protrusion 13 located at the intersection of the laser spot 12 and the adjacent spot has a curved surface due to the thermal effect of laser irradiation.
- the first protrusions 13a, 13b of the pair of back electrodes 3a, 3b are provided so as to face each other. And it becomes possible to provide the 2nd protrusion 15 continuously along the arrangement direction of gap 10 by the heat influence by laser irradiation.
- the laser may have a top hat type energy distribution.
- the thermal energy applied to the substrate and the electrode layer can be made substantially uniform. Therefore, it is possible to reduce substrate cracks, electrode layer alterations, and the like that occur due to thermal energy non-uniformity.
- the wrap ratio at which a part of laser spots overlap each other may be 5 to 15%.
- the wrap rate h / i is too low and the protrusion length a of the first protrusion 13 is too large, the curvature b of the tip surface is too large, It can be reduced that the width c is too large or the length of the linear portion 16 is too long.
- the wrap rate h / i is too high, the protrusion length a of the first protrusion 13 is too small, the curvature b of the tip surface is too small, the width c of the first protrusion 13 is too small, It is possible to reduce the length d of the portion 16 being too short.
- the wrap ratio is, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), when the laser spot 12 is overlapped (overlapping) with a width h, and the laser spot diameter is i, It is represented by h / i.
- the photoelectric conversion layer 4 made of a chalcopyrite compound is formed on the back electrode 3 by using a sputtering method, a vapor deposition method, a printing method, or the like.
- the photoelectric conversion layer 4 is formed by applying a paste containing the raw material of the chalcopyrite-based photoelectric conversion layer 4 and then performing heat treatment. May be.
- a paste containing a raw material for the chalcopyrite-based photoelectric conversion layer 4 is applied in the gap and on the pair of electrodes, and the photoelectric conversion layer 4 is formed. After forming the film to be the conversion layer, the film is heat-treated.
- the chalcopyrite-based photoelectric conversion layer 4 tends to shrink due to heat and the like, and the photoelectric conversion layer 4 tends to crack.
- the front end surfaces of the first protrusions 13a and 13b formed on the back electrode 3 are curved as described above, the above-described cracks are generated even if the above-described thermal contraction occurs. Can be reduced.
- a paste containing a raw material of the chalcopyrite-based photoelectric conversion layer 4 is applied using a spin coating method or a screen printing method, There is a method of baking at a temperature of about 450 ° C. to 600 ° C. for about 40 minutes to 90 minutes.
- the paste containing the raw material of the chalcopyrite-based photoelectric conversion layer 4 is a powder or sulfide of at least one selenium compound of indium and germanium in an organic solvent such as toluene or acetone in which a single precursor is dissolved.
- an organic solvent such as toluene or acetone in which a single precursor is dissolved.
- the single precursor here includes at least one of copper (Cu), sulfur (S) and selenium (Se) and at least one of indium (In) and germanium (Ge). Can be mentioned.
- the buffer layer 5 is formed on the photoelectric conversion layer 4 by using a solution growth method (CBD method) or the like.
- CBD method solution growth method
- the photoelectric conversion layer 4 and the buffer layer 5 made of chalcopyrite compound formed on the substantially entire surface of the back electrode 3 are patterned.
- the window layer 6 is formed on substantially the entire surface of the buffer layer 5 by sputtering, metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), or the like, and the isolation groove P3 is formed by mechanical scribing. Is patterned. Thereby, the photoelectric conversion apparatus 1 can be formed.
- MOCVD metal organic chemical vapor deposition
- sample preparation As the substrate 2, blue plate glass (soda lime glass) having a thickness of 1 mm was used, and as the back electrode 3, a 1 ⁇ m-thick molybdenum metal thin film formed by sputtering was used.
- the dividing groove P1 for the back electrode 3 For the formation of the dividing groove P1 for the back electrode 3, a top hat beam was used in the examples. As specific top hat beam conditions, the spot diameter i was changed from 10 to 70 ⁇ m, and the lap width h was changed from 1 to 70 ⁇ m. At this time, the lap rate h / i was controlled at 3 to 20%. In the comparative example, the dividing groove P1 is formed with a Gaussian beam.
- the laser frequency is adjusted to 25 to 100 KHz
- the pulse width is set to 15 to 200 ns
- the power density is adjusted to 10 4 to 10 5 W / cm 2 as needed.
- Samples 1-36 having values of ⁇ g were made.
- Samples 1 to 35 were prepared with top hat beams under various conditions, and samples 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, 28, and 33 were standard samples under the same conditions.
- Sample 36 is a comparative example manufactured with a Gaussian beam.
- the photoelectric conversion layer 4 was formed after the separation groove P1 was formed.
- a paste containing the raw material of the chalcopyrite-based photoelectric conversion layer 4 is applied using a spin coating method, and baked at a temperature of about 450 ° C. for about 40 minutes. The method used was used.
- the paste containing the raw material of the chalcopyrite-based photoelectric conversion layer 4 used here is a precursor containing copper (Cu), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), indium (In), and germanium (Ge). Indium and germanium selenium compound powder and sulfide powder were added and dissolved in toluene in which the body was dissolved.
- the buffer layer 5 was formed using a solution growth method (CBD method). Then, the photoelectric conversion layer 4 and the buffer layer 5 made of chalcopyrite compound formed on substantially the entire surface of the back electrode 3 were patterned by forming the separation groove P2 by mechanical scribing. Next, the window layer 6 was patterned on the substantially entire surface of the buffer layer 5 using a sputtering method, and the separation groove P3 was formed by mechanical scribing, whereby the window layer 6 was patterned. Thereby, the photoelectric conversion apparatus 1 was formed.
- CBD method solution growth method
- the relationship between the protrusion length a of the first protrusion and the curvature b of the tip surface is preferably a / b of 0.33 to 1 according to samples 1 to 10.
- the relationship between the width c of the first protrusion and the length d of the linear portion is preferably c / d of 0.23 to 0.8 according to the samples 11 to 20.
- the relationship between the width e of the gap and the protrusion length a of the first protrusion is preferably 15 to 50 based on samples 1 to 5 and materials 21 to 25.
- the relationship between the gap width e and the linear portion length d is preferably 1.4 to 5 for samples 16 to 25.
- the relationship between the projecting length f of the second projecting portion and the thickness g of the electrode is preferably such that f / g is 0.3 to 3.5 according to samples 26 to 35.
- wrap rate h / i is preferably controlled to be 5 to 15% by the samples 1 to 5 and the samples 11 to 15.
- sample 36 was fabricated with a Gaussian beam, and in the sample 36, cracks were generated starting from the acute protrusions 23 as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, resulting in leakage current. A decrease in conversion efficiency due to was confirmed.
Landscapes
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
基板2としては厚さ1mmの青板ガラス(ソーダライムガラス)、裏面電極3としてはスパッタリングで形成した厚さ1μmのモリブデンの金属薄膜を用いた。
これら試料の光電変換装置1を用いて、図1に示す光電変換ユニット1a、1bを作製し、光電変換効率を評価した。
1’:積層体
1a、1b;光電変換ユニット
2;基板
3、3a、3b;裏面電極
4;光電変換層
5;バッファ層
6;窓層
10;分離溝の間隙
11;分離溝(裏面電極)の端部
12;レーザースポット
13、13a、13b;第1突出部
14;間隙の配置方向
15;第2突出部
16;直線状部
a:第1突出部の突出長
b:先端面の曲率
c:第1突出部の幅
d:直線状部の長さ
e:間隙の幅
f:第2突出部の突出長
g:電極の厚さ
h:ラップ幅
i:スポット径
Claims (13)
- 基板と、該基板上に設けられ、互いに間隙を空けて配置された一対の電極と、前記間隙内および前記一対の電極上に設けられた光電変換層と、を積層してなる積層体を含み、
前記一対の電極のそれぞれは、前記間隙に沿って交互に配置された、前記間隙に沿った直線状部および該直線状部から前記間隙に向かって突出した先端面が曲面状の第1突出部を有する光電変換装置。 - 前記第1突出部は、前記間隙に沿って一定の間隔で複数形成されている請求項1に記載の光電変換装置。
- 前記一対の電極のそれぞれの前記第1突出部は、互いに対向している請求項1または請求項2に記載の光電変換装置。
- 前記一対の電極のそれぞれは、互いに対向する端部において、前記間隙の配置方向に沿って連続的に、前記積層体の積層方向に突出する第2突出部を有する請求項1~請求項3のいずれかに記載の光電変換装置。
- 前記第1突出部の突出長aと前記先端面の曲率bとの関係がa/b=0.33~1である請求項1~請求項4のいずれかに記載の光電変換装置。
- 前記第1突出部の幅cと前記直線状部の長さdとの関係がc/d=0.23~0.8である請求項1~請求項5のいずれかに記載の光電変換装置。
- 前記間隙の幅eと前記第1突出部の突出長aとの関係がe/a=15~50である請求項1~請求項6のいずれかに記載の光電変換装置。
- 前記間隙の幅eと前記直線状部の長さdとの関係がe/d=1.4~5である請求項1~請求項7のいずれかに記載の光電変換装置。
- 前記第2突出部の突出長fと前記電極の厚さgとの関係がf/g=0.3~3.5である請求項4に記載の光電変換装置。
- 基板上に電極層を形成する工程と、前記電極層をレーザーで分割し、間隙を空けて一対の電極を形成するレーザー分割工程と、前記間隙内および前記一対の電極上に光電変換層を形成する工程と、を備え、
前記レーザー分割工程では、略矩形状のスポットを有するレーザーを前記スポットの一部が互いに重なるようにずらしながら前記電極層に繰り返し照射する光電変換装置の製造方法。 - 前記レーザーは、トップハット型のエネルギー分布を有する請求項10に記載の光電変換装置の製造方法。
- 前記スポットの一部が互いに重なるラップ率が5~15%である請求項10または請求項11に記載の光電変換装置の製造方法。
- 前記光電変換層を形成する工程では、前記間隙内および前記一対の電極上に、カルコパイライト系の光電変換層の原料が含まれたペーストを塗布して、前記光電変換層となる皮膜を形成した後、該皮膜を熱処理する請求項10~請求項12のいずれかに記載の光電変換装置の製造方法。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/521,843 US8890270B2 (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2011-01-28 | Photoelectric conversion device and method for manufacturing the photoelectric conversion device |
| JP2011551924A JP5451781B2 (ja) | 2010-01-29 | 2011-01-28 | 光電変換装置およびその製造方法 |
| CN201180006516.1A CN102725855B (zh) | 2010-01-29 | 2011-01-28 | 光电转换装置及其制造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010-017726 | 2010-01-29 | ||
| JP2010017726 | 2010-01-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011093431A1 true WO2011093431A1 (ja) | 2011-08-04 |
Family
ID=44319412
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2011/051713 Ceased WO2011093431A1 (ja) | 2010-01-29 | 2011-01-28 | 光電変換装置およびその製造方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8890270B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5451781B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102725855B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2011093431A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014107450A (ja) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-06-09 | Kyocera Corp | 光電変換装置およびその製造方法 |
| JP2015032731A (ja) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-02-16 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 化合物薄膜太陽電池の製造方法及び化合物薄膜太陽電池 |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8809109B2 (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2014-08-19 | Stion Corporation | Method and structure for eliminating edge peeling in thin-film photovoltaic absorber materials |
| JP7601553B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-25 | 2024-12-17 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 放射線検出器及び放射線検出器の製造方法 |
| KR102756303B1 (ko) * | 2023-11-30 | 2025-01-21 | 주식회사 바인딩 | 투과형 cigs 모듈을 제작하기 위한 방법 및 이에 따라 제작된 투과형 cigs 모듈 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10229208A (ja) * | 1996-12-10 | 1998-08-25 | Yazaki Corp | 化合物半導体の製造方法 |
| JP2002141526A (ja) * | 2000-11-06 | 2002-05-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 薄膜太陽電池の製造方法 |
| JP2006054254A (ja) * | 2004-08-10 | 2006-02-23 | Kaneka Corp | 光電変換装置の製造方法 |
| JP2009177186A (ja) * | 2008-01-26 | 2009-08-06 | Schott Solar Gmbh | 光起電モジュールの製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5641974A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1997-06-24 | Ois Optical Imaging Systems, Inc. | LCD with bus lines overlapped by pixel electrodes and photo-imageable insulating layer therebetween |
| JP2000252490A (ja) * | 1999-03-04 | 2000-09-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 集積型薄膜太陽電池およびその製造方法 |
| JP3439179B2 (ja) | 2000-07-28 | 2003-08-25 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | レーザーエッチング方法 |
| JP2002373995A (ja) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 太陽電池の製造方法 |
-
2011
- 2011-01-28 WO PCT/JP2011/051713 patent/WO2011093431A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2011-01-28 JP JP2011551924A patent/JP5451781B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-01-28 CN CN201180006516.1A patent/CN102725855B/zh active Active
- 2011-01-28 US US13/521,843 patent/US8890270B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10229208A (ja) * | 1996-12-10 | 1998-08-25 | Yazaki Corp | 化合物半導体の製造方法 |
| JP2002141526A (ja) * | 2000-11-06 | 2002-05-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 薄膜太陽電池の製造方法 |
| JP2006054254A (ja) * | 2004-08-10 | 2006-02-23 | Kaneka Corp | 光電変換装置の製造方法 |
| JP2009177186A (ja) * | 2008-01-26 | 2009-08-06 | Schott Solar Gmbh | 光起電モジュールの製造方法 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014107450A (ja) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-06-09 | Kyocera Corp | 光電変換装置およびその製造方法 |
| JP2015032731A (ja) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-02-16 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 化合物薄膜太陽電池の製造方法及び化合物薄膜太陽電池 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2011093431A1 (ja) | 2013-06-06 |
| US20120326258A1 (en) | 2012-12-27 |
| CN102725855B (zh) | 2015-06-17 |
| JP5451781B2 (ja) | 2014-03-26 |
| CN102725855A (zh) | 2012-10-10 |
| US8890270B2 (en) | 2014-11-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP4439492B2 (ja) | カルコパイライト型太陽電池およびその製造方法 | |
| JP4925724B2 (ja) | 太陽電池およびその製造方法 | |
| JP2007201304A (ja) | 太陽電池およびその製造方法 | |
| US8941160B2 (en) | Photoelectric conversion module and method of manufacturing the same | |
| WO2007086522A1 (ja) | 太陽電池およびその製造方法 | |
| JP5451781B2 (ja) | 光電変換装置およびその製造方法 | |
| JP2020508559A (ja) | 薄膜太陽電池 | |
| KR101283113B1 (ko) | 태양전지 모듈 및 이의 제조방법 | |
| JP2007317868A (ja) | カルコパイライト型太陽電池およびその製造方法 | |
| JP2007317879A (ja) | カルコパイライト型太陽電池およびその製造方法 | |
| JP6258884B2 (ja) | 光電変換装置 | |
| TW201316537A (zh) | 用來製造穿透式太陽能電池模組的方法 | |
| JP5624153B2 (ja) | 太陽電池及びその製造方法 | |
| WO2013121839A1 (ja) | 薄膜太陽電池およびその製造方法 | |
| JP2014503131A (ja) | 太陽電池およびその製造方法 | |
| KR101188122B1 (ko) | 직렬연결 구조의 박막형 태양전지 및 그 제조방법 | |
| JP2012169569A (ja) | 光電変換装置の製造方法 | |
| JP2004342768A (ja) | 薄膜太陽電池モジュール | |
| JP2016103582A (ja) | 光電変換装置 | |
| JP2006165338A (ja) | 集積型薄膜太陽電池及びその製造方法 | |
| JP5988373B2 (ja) | 光電変換装置および光電変換装置の製造方法 | |
| KR101349525B1 (ko) | 태양광 발전장치 | |
| KR101349432B1 (ko) | 태양광 발전장치 및 이의 제조방법 | |
| JP2015056460A (ja) | 光電変換装置およびその製造方法 | |
| WO2013031453A1 (ja) | 光電変換装置 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201180006516.1 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11737141 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011551924 Country of ref document: JP |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13521843 Country of ref document: US |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 11737141 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |