WO2011089895A1 - 感光性重合体組成物、パターンの製造方法及び電子部品 - Google Patents
感光性重合体組成物、パターンの製造方法及び電子部品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011089895A1 WO2011089895A1 PCT/JP2011/000251 JP2011000251W WO2011089895A1 WO 2011089895 A1 WO2011089895 A1 WO 2011089895A1 JP 2011000251 W JP2011000251 W JP 2011000251W WO 2011089895 A1 WO2011089895 A1 WO 2011089895A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0091—Complexes with metal-heteroatom-bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/21—Urea; Derivatives thereof, e.g. biuret
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/0045—Photosensitive materials with organic non-macromolecular light-sensitive compounds not otherwise provided for, e.g. dissolution inhibitors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/022—Quinonediazides
- G03F7/023—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders
- G03F7/0233—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders characterised by the polymeric binders or the macromolecular additives other than the macromolecular quinonediazides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/085—Photosensitive compositions characterised by adhesion-promoting non-macromolecular additives
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/2002—Exposure; Apparatus therefor with visible light or UV light, through an original having an opaque pattern on a transparent support, e.g. film printing, projection printing; by reflection of visible or UV light from an original such as a printed image
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/40—Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
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- H10P14/683—
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- H10P76/20—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photosensitive polymer composition, a pattern production method, and an electronic component. More specifically, a positive-type photosensitive polymer composition that can improve adhesion with a substrate while maintaining a pattern with excellent resolution and good shape without lowering sensitivity, and the polymer composition.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a patterned cured film and an electronic component.
- a polyimide resin film having excellent heat resistance, electrical characteristics, mechanical characteristics, and the like has been used for a surface protective film and an interlayer insulating film of a semiconductor element.
- This polyimide resin film is generally applied by spin coating or the like with a polyimide precursor (polyamic acid) solution (so-called varnish) obtained by reacting tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine in a polar solvent at normal temperature and pressure. Then, the film is formed into a thin film and formed by dehydration ring closure (curing) by heating (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
- an organic solvent such as N-methylpyrrolidone has been used for developing the photosensitive polyimide, but recently, a positive photosensitive resin that can be developed with an alkaline aqueous solution has been proposed from the viewpoint of environment and cost. ing.
- a method for obtaining such an alkali-developable positive photosensitive resin a method of introducing an o-nitrobenzyl group into a polyimide precursor via an ester bond (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2), soluble hydroxylimide or There is a method of mixing a naphthoquinone diazide compound with a polybenzoxazole precursor (for example, see Patent Documents 4 and 5).
- a resin obtained by such a method can be expected to have a low dielectric constant, and photosensitive polybenzoxazole is attracting attention together with photosensitive polyimide from such a viewpoint.
- photosensitive resins have been applied to various wiring layers in accordance with changes in the structure of devices. Here, for example, adhesion to aluminum wiring, electroless plating solution, etc. Resistance to plating solution is being demanded.
- Patent Documents 6 to 9 describe that an aluminum complex is used together with an active silicon compound to promote cyclization of a polymer, and a compound having an oxetane group as a crosslinking agent is used to improve reflow resistance, solvent resistance, and the like. It has been shown to improve.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a photosensitive polymer composition capable of forming a pattern excellent in plating solution resistance. Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is provided a photosensitive polymer composition which is excellent in the dissolution rate ratio (hereinafter referred to as contrast) between the unexposed area and the exposed area, and has good sensitivity, resolution, adhesion and storage stability. can do.
- the present inventors have found that the adhesion of the substrate can be improved by using an alkali developable polymer together with an aluminum complex compound and a specific crosslinking agent as an adhesion aid.
- a photosensitive polymer composition comprising the following components (a) to (d): (A) a polymer soluble in an alkaline aqueous solution (b) a compound capable of generating an acid by light (c) an aluminum complex (d) a group represented by —CH 2 OR (R is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group) 1. a cross-linking agent having (D) The photosensitive polymer composition of 1 whose crosslinking agent is a compound represented by the following formula (1) or a compound represented by the following formula (2).
- a plurality of R 7 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group
- a plurality of R 8 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, and are bonded to each other to have a substituent.
- a ring structure may be formed.
- X is a single bond or a monovalent to tetravalent organic group
- R 11 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group
- R 12 is a monovalent organic group
- o is 1 to 4
- A is an integer of 1 to 4
- b is an integer of 0 to 3.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.) 7).
- a method for producing a pattern comprising a step of applying the photosensitive polymer composition according to any one of 10.1 to 9 on a support substrate and drying, a step of exposing, a step of developing, and a step of heat treatment. 11.
- the method for producing a pattern according to 10 wherein the light source used in the exposing step is i-line.
- An electronic component comprising the cured product according to 13.12 as a surface protective film or an interlayer insulating film.
- a photosensitive polymer composition capable of forming a pattern having excellent plating solution resistance. Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a photosensitive polymer composition that is excellent in the dissolution rate ratio (contrast) between an unexposed part and an exposed part, and has good sensitivity, resolution, adhesion, and storage stability. it can.
- the photosensitive polymer composition according to the present invention comprises (a) a polymer that is soluble in an alkaline aqueous solution, (b) a compound that generates an acid by light, (c) an aluminum complex, and (d) —CH 2 OR (R is hydrogen).
- the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention is excellent in sensitivity and resolution by increasing the dissolution rate ratio (dissolution contrast) of the pattern exposed area and the unexposed area to the developer.
- the polymer soluble in the alkaline aqueous solution as component (a) is preferably a polyimide-based polymer or a polyoxazole-based polymer, and specifically preferred are: It is at least one polymer compound selected from polyimide, polyamideimide, polyoxazole, polyamide, and precursors thereof (for example, polyamic acid, polyamic acid ester, polyhydroxyamide, etc.).
- the component (a) may be a copolymer having two or more main chain skeletons described above, or a mixture of two or more of the above polymers.
- the polymer soluble in alkaline aqueous solution is preferably a polymer having a plurality of phenolic hydroxyl groups, a plurality of carboxy groups, or both groups.
- the component (a) is more preferably an alkaline aqueous solution-soluble polyamide having a structural unit represented by the following formula (I) that functions as a precursor of polybenzoxazole and has good photosensitivity and film properties.
- formula (I) that functions as a precursor of polybenzoxazole and has good photosensitivity and film properties.
- U is a tetravalent organic group
- V is a divalent organic group.
- the polyamide containing a hydroxy group represented by the formula (I) is finally converted into an oxazole having excellent heat resistance, mechanical properties and electrical properties by dehydration and ring closure at the time of curing.
- the alkaline aqueous solution is an alkaline solution such as a tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution, a metal hydroxide aqueous solution, or an organic amine aqueous solution.
- the tetravalent organic group of U in formula (I) is generally a residue derived from dihydroxydiamine that reacts with a dicarboxylic acid to form a polyamide structure, preferably a tetravalent aromatic group, and its carbon atom.
- the number is preferably 6 to 40, more preferably a tetravalent aromatic group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms.
- Such diamines include 3,3′-diamino-4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl, 4,4′-diamino-3,3′-dihydroxybiphenyl, bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane.
- Bis (4-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl) propane, bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, bis (4-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, 2,2-bis (3-amino- 4-hydroxyphenyl) -1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane, 2,2-bis (4-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl) -1,1,1,3,3,3- Examples include hexafluoropropane.
- the residue of diamine is not limited to these, You may combine the residue of these compounds individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the divalent organic group of V in formula (I) is generally a residue derived from a dicarboxylic acid that reacts with a diamine to form a polyamide structure, preferably a divalent aromatic group, and has a carbon atom number.
- the divalent aromatic group those in which two bonding sites are both present on the aromatic ring are preferred.
- dicarboxylic acids include isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, 2,2-bis (4-carboxyphenyl) -1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane, 4,4′-dicarboxybiphenyl 4,4′-dicarboxydiphenyl ether, 4,4′-dicarboxytetraphenylsilane, bis (4-carboxyphenyl) sulfone, 2,2-bis (p-carboxyphenyl) propane, 5-tert-butylisophthalic acid
- Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as 5-bromoisophthalic acid, 5-fluoroisophthalic acid, 5-chloroisophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, oxa
- the alkaline aqueous solution-soluble polyamide having the structural unit represented by the formula (I) may have a structure other than the structural unit represented by the formula (I).
- an amide unit containing a hydroxy group is contained in a certain proportion or more.
- the alkaline aqueous solution-soluble polyamide having the structural unit represented by the formula (I) is preferably a polyamide represented by the following formula.
- the two structural units may be arranged at random or in a block shape.
- U is a tetravalent organic group
- V and W are divalent organic groups.
- j and k represent mole fractions, and the sum of j and k is 100 mol%, j is 60 to 100 mol%, and k is 0 to 40 mol%.
- the divalent organic group represented by W is generally a residue of a diamine that reacts with a dicarboxylic acid to form a polyamide structure, and is a residue other than the diamine that forms the U, preferably a divalent group.
- a divalent aromatic group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms more preferably a divalent aromatic group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms.
- Such diamines include 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4′- Diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone, 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfide, benzidine, m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, 1,5-naphthalenediamine, 2,6-naphthalenediamine, bis (4 -Aminophenoxyphenyl) sulfone, bis (3-aminophenoxyphenyl) sulfone, bis (4-aminophenoxy) biphenyl, bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] ether, 1,4-bis (4-aminophenoxy) ) Aromatic diamine compounds such as benzene; LP-7100, X-22-161AS, X-22-161A, X-22-161B, X-22-161C and X-22-161E which are
- the terminal group of the aromatic polyamide represented by the formula (I) becomes an amine having a carboxylic acid or a phenol group depending on the charging ratio of U and V. If necessary, the polymer end alone or two kinds of end cap agents are reacted, and one end or both ends are saturated aliphatic group, unsaturated aliphatic group, carboxy group, phenol hydroxyl group, sulfonic acid group, or thiol, respectively. It may be a group. At that time, the end cap ratio is preferably 30 to 100%.
- the molecular weight of the component (a) is preferably 3,000 to 200,000, more preferably 5,000 to 100,000 in terms of weight average molecular weight.
- the molecular weight is a value obtained by measuring by a gel permeation chromatography method and converting from a standard polystyrene calibration curve.
- the polyamide having the structural unit represented by the formula (I) can be generally synthesized from a dicarboxylic acid derivative and a hydroxy group-containing diamine. Specifically, it can be synthesized by converting a dicarboxylic acid derivative into a dihalide derivative and then reacting with the diamine. As the dihalide derivative, a dichloride derivative is preferable.
- the dichloride derivative can be synthesized by reacting a dicarboxylic acid derivative with a halogenating agent.
- a halogenating agent thionyl chloride, phosphoryl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus pentachloride, etc., which are used in the usual acid chloride reaction of carboxylic acid can be used.
- the dichloride derivative As a method of synthesizing the dichloride derivative, it can be synthesized by reacting the dicarboxylic acid derivative and the halogenating agent in a solvent or by reacting in an excess halogenating agent and then distilling off the excess.
- the reaction solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyridone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, toluene, benzene and the like can be used.
- the amount of these halogenating agents to be used in a solvent is preferably 1.5 to 3.0 mol, more preferably 1.7 to 2.5 mol relative to the dicarboxylic acid derivative. In the case of reacting in an agent, 4.0 to 50 mol is preferable, and 5.0 to 20 mol is more preferable.
- the reaction temperature is preferably ⁇ 10 to 70 ° C., more preferably 0 to 20 ° C.
- the reaction between the dichloride derivative and the diamine is preferably performed in an organic solvent in the presence of a dehydrohalogenating agent.
- a dehydrohalogenating agent organic bases such as pyridine and triethylamine are usually used.
- organic solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyridone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide and the like can be used.
- the reaction temperature is preferably ⁇ 10 to 30 ° C., more preferably 0 to 20 ° C.
- the compound (b) that generates an acid by light is a photosensitive agent, and is a compound that has a function of generating an acid by light and increasing the solubility of the light irradiated portion in an alkaline aqueous solution.
- the component (b) include o-quinonediazide compounds, aryldiazonium salts, diaryliodonium salts, and triarylsulfonium salts.
- the o-quinonediazide compounds are preferable because of their high sensitivity.
- the o-quinonediazide compound can be obtained, for example, by subjecting o-quinonediazidesulfonyl chlorides to a hydroxy compound, an amino compound or the like in the presence of a dehydrochlorinating agent.
- o-quinonediazide sulfonyl chlorides include benzoquinone-1,2-diazide-4-sulfonyl chloride, 1,2-naphthoquinone-2-diazide-5-sulfonyl chloride, and 1,2-naphthoquinone-2-diazide-4.
- -Sulfonyl chloride and the like can be used.
- hydroxy compound examples include hydroquinone, resorcinol, pyrogallol, bisphenol A, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane, and 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone.
- amino compounds include p-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone, and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfide.
- the compounding ratio of o-quinonediazide sulfonyl chloride and hydroxy compound and / or amino compound is such that the total of hydroxy group and amino group is 0.5 to 1 equivalent per mole of o-quinonediazide sulfonyl chloride. It is preferable.
- a preferred ratio of the dehydrochlorinating agent and o-quinonediazide sulfonyl chloride is in the range of 0.95 / 1 to 1 / 0.95.
- a preferred reaction temperature is 0 to 40 ° C., and a preferred reaction time is 1 to 10 hours.
- reaction solvent solvents such as dioxane, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, N-methylpyrrolidone and the like are used.
- dehydrochlorination agent include sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, trimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine and the like.
- the content of the component (b) is 5 to 100 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the component (a) from the viewpoint of the difference in dissolution rate between the exposed part and the unexposed part and the sensitivity.
- Parts by weight are preferred, 8 to 40 parts by weight are more preferred, and 8 to 20 parts by weight are even more preferred.
- the aluminum complex as the component (c) is preferably an aluminum chelate complex from the viewpoint of adhesion to the substrate.
- the adhesiveness of the composition can be improved by the interaction between the metal surface of the substrate and the aluminum chelate complex.
- the aluminum complex adhesion assistant can greatly improve the adhesion of the composition compared to a silane coupling agent or the like due to the interaction between the polyamide and the aluminum chelate complex.
- the aluminum complex has an inhibitory effect on dissolution in an alkaline aqueous solution, and is combined with a crosslinking agent having a group represented by (d) -CH 2 OR (R is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group) described later. It is considered that the dissolution rate ratio (contrast) between the exposed part and the unexposed part is improved and the sensitivity is improved.
- the aluminum complex as the component (c) is preferably an aluminum chelate complex, and more preferably an aluminum chelate complex represented by the following formula (II). (Wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- the monovalent organic group includes an ether bond, an ester bond, etc. May be included)
- Examples of the monovalent organic group for R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 include an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and an alkoxyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. More preferred are an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an alkoxyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the three ligands may be the same or different.
- Examples of the aluminum complex as component (c) include aluminum ethyl acetoacetate diisopropylate, aluminum tris (ethyl acetoacetate), aluminum tris (acetylacetonate), alkyl acetoacetate aluminum diisopropylate, aluminum bisethyl acetoacetate mono Examples include acetylacetonate, and aluminum tris (acetylacetonate) and aluminum bisethylacetoacetate monoacetylacetonate are preferable. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the component (c) is 0.1 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the component (a) from the viewpoint of the difference in dissolution rate between the exposed part and the unexposed part and the sensitivity. 50 parts by weight is preferred, 0.1 to 20 parts by weight is more preferred, and 0.5 to 10 parts by weight is even more preferred.
- the content of the component (c) is 0.1 parts by weight or more, the effect of improving the adhesion to the substrate is effective, and by setting it to 50 parts by weight or less, problems such as precipitation during frozen storage are reduced. can do.
- the crosslinking agent having a group represented by —CH 2 OR (R is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group) as component (d) is applied after the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention is applied, exposed and developed. In the heat treatment step, it is a compound that reacts with the polymer as component (a) to crosslink, or polymerizes itself in the heat treatment step. In addition, the component (c) has an effect of promoting the crosslinking of the component (d). By including both the component (c) and the component (d), the electroless Ni / Au on the aluminum substrate as a synergistic effect. Resistance to chemicals used in the zincate process in plating can be improved.
- the crosslinking agent which is (d) component has affinity with alkaline aqueous solution, and can improve the melt
- the component (d) is a crosslinking agent having a group represented by —CH 2 OR (R is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group) in the structure.
- R is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group
- One or more groups may be present in the compound, but two or more groups are preferable.
- (d) a crosslinking agent is selected from the compound represented by following formula (1) and the compound represented by following formula (2), and the following general formula ( The compound represented by 1) is more preferable because it is particularly excellent in the plating solution resistance and the high contrast effect of the present invention.
- R 7 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group
- a plurality of R 8 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, which are bonded to each other to form a substituent.
- a ring structure which may have (In the formula, X is a single bond or a monovalent to tetravalent organic group, R 11 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R 12 is a monovalent organic group, and o is 1 to 4)
- A is an integer of 1 to 4
- b is an integer of 0 to 3.
- R 11 and R 12 are preferably a hydrocarbon group Preferably, it has 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group is preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group.
- the monovalent organic group represented by R 7 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the ring structure in which two R 8 are bonded to each other may contain an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom.
- (d) component can use these compounds individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- Z is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the monovalent to tetravalent organic group represented by X is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkylidene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as an ethylidene group, or a carbon atom having 6 to 6 carbon atoms such as a phenylene group.
- arylene groups groups in which some or all of hydrogen atoms of these hydrocarbon groups are substituted with halogen atoms such as fluorine atoms, and these groups are further phenyl groups, sulfone groups, carbonyl groups, ether bonds, thioethers A bond, an amide bond, and the like may be included.
- R 11 is preferably hydrogen, an alkyl group or an alkenyl group.
- the alkyl group or alkenyl group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 12 is preferably an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group or a methylol group.
- the carbon number is preferably 1-20. o is an integer of 1 to 4, a is an integer of 1 to 4, and b is an integer of 0 to 4. )
- the compound represented by the formula (2) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (V).
- X is a single bond or a divalent organic group.
- the divalent organic group include an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as a methylene group, an ethylene group and a propylene group, an ethylidene group, -Cylalkylene groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as propylidene groups, arylene groups having 6 to 30 carbon atoms such as phenylene groups, and groups in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms of these hydrocarbon groups are substituted with halogen atoms such as fluorine atoms
- These groups may further contain a sulfone group, a carbonyl group, an ether bond, a thioether bond, an amide bond and the like.
- Each R is independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an alkenyl group.
- the carbon number is preferably 1-20.
- R 14 and R 15 are each independently an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a methylol group, or an alkoxyalkyl group, and these groups may partially have an ether bond, an ester bond, or the like.
- the carbon number is preferably 1-20.
- e and f are each independently an integer of 1 or 2
- g and h are each independently an integer of 0 to 3.
- X in the compounds represented by formula (2) and formula (V) is preferably a linking group represented by formula (VI).
- each A is independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a group partially containing an oxygen atom or a fluorine atom.
- At least one of A is preferably a group partially containing a fluorine atom or an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the group containing an oxygen atom or a fluorine atom in part includes an alkyloxy group, and the group containing a fluorine atom includes a perfluoroalkyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms is preferably 1-20.
- Examples of the compound represented by (2) include 2,2′-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-methoxymethylphenol), 4,4′-methylenebis (2-methyl-6-hydroxymethylphenol), 4 , 4′-methylenebis [2,6-bis (methoxymethyl) phenol], 4,4 ′-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropylidene) bis [2,6-bis (methoxy) Methyl) phenol], bis (2-hydroxy-3-methoxymethyl-5-methylphenyl) methane, 4,4 ′-(1-phenylethylidene) bis [2,6-bis (methoxymethyl) phenol], bis ( 2-hydroxy-3-ethoxymethyl-5-methylphenyl) methane, bis (2-hydroxy-3-propoxymethyl-5-methylphenyl) methane, bis (2-hydride) Xy-3-butoxymethyl-5-methylphenyl) methane, bis [2-hydroxy-3- (1-propenyloxy) methyl-5-methylphenyl] methan
- 4,4 ′-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropylidene) bis [2,6- Bis (hydroxymethyl) phenol] is most preferable from the viewpoint of the effect of improving sensitivity and the solubility of the film during development.
- the content of the component (d) is preferably 1 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the component (a) from the viewpoint of sensitivity, resolution and storage stability during exposure. More preferred is 5 to 25 parts by mass.
- the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention may further contain (e) an alkoxysilane adhesive.
- the alkoxysilane compound of the alkoxysilane adhesive includes, for example, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, and ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
- the content when the component (e) is contained, the content is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 100 parts by weight of the component (a). ⁇ 10 parts by weight.
- the content of the component (e) By setting the content of the component (e) to 0.1 parts by weight or more, good adhesion to the substrate can be imparted to the composition, and by setting it to 20 parts by weight or less, good storage stability is obtained.
- the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention preferably contains a compound selected from the group consisting of an onium salt, a diaryl compound and a tetraalkylammonium salt as the component (f).
- component (f) inhibits dissolution of component (a) in an alkaline aqueous solution.
- Examples of the onium salt include iodonium salts such as diaryl iodonium salts, sulfonium salts such as triarylsulfonium salts, diazonium salts such as phosphonium salts and aryldiazonium salts.
- Examples of the diaryl compound include compounds in which two aryl groups such as diaryl urea, diaryl sulfone, diaryl ketone, diaryl ether, diaryl propane, and diaryl hexafluoropropane are bonded via a bonding group. Groups are preferred.
- Examples of the tetraalkylammonium salt include tetraalkylammonium halides in which the alkyl group is a methyl group, an ethyl group, or the like.
- Examples of the component (f) exhibiting a good dissolution inhibiting effect include diaryliodonium salts, diarylurea compounds, diarylsulfone compounds, tetramethylammonium halide compounds, and the like.
- Examples of the diarylurea compound include diphenylurea and dimethyldiphenylurea, and examples of the tetramethylammonium halide compound include tetramethylammonium chloride, tetramethylammonium bromide, and tetramethylammonium iodide.
- the component (f) is preferably a diaryliodonium salt represented by the following formula (VIII).
- X ⁇ represents a counter anion.
- R 8 and R 9 are each independently an alkyl group or an alkenyl group.
- m and n are each independently an integer of 0 to 5.
- X ⁇ in the formula (VIII) is nitrate ion, boron tetrafluoride ion, perchlorate ion, trifluoromethanesulfonate ion, p-toluenesulfonate ion, thiocyanate ion, chlorine ion, bromine ion, iodine ion, etc. Can be mentioned.
- diaryliodonium salt represented by the formula (VIII) examples include diphenyliodonium nitrate, bis (p-tert-butylphenyl) iodonium nitrate, diphenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, and bis (p-tert-butylphenyl). Examples thereof include iodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, diphenyliodonium bromide, diphenyliodonium chloride, and diphenyliodonium iodide.
- diphenyliodonium nitrate diphenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate
- diphenyliodonium-8-anilinonanaphthalene-1-sulfonate are preferred because of their high effects.
- the content is preferably 0.01 to 15 parts by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the component (a) from the viewpoint of sensitivity and development time. 0.05 to 3 parts by weight is more preferable.
- the composition of the present invention may contain the components (a) to (d) and the optional component (e), and the total of these is, for example, 90% by weight or more, 95% by weight or more, 99% by weight or more, or It may be 100% by weight.
- the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention can further contain the following solvents, additives and the like in addition to these above-described components as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the solvent examples include aprotic polar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, hexamethylphosphorylamide, tetramethylene sulfone, and ⁇ -butyrolactone. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the solvent is preferably 20 to 90% by weight based on the total amount of the photosensitive polymer composition.
- the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention can contain an appropriate surfactant or leveling agent in order to improve the coatability, for example, to improve the developability by preventing film thickness unevenness (striation).
- surfactants or leveling agents include polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether, and specific commercial products include Megafax F171, F173, R-08 (trade name, manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals), Florard FC430, FC431 (trade name, Sumitomo 3M), organosiloxane polymers KP341, KBM303, KBM403, KBM803 (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) Company name).
- a pattern can be produced by applying the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention.
- a pattern having a good shape and excellent sensitivity, resolution, adhesiveness and heat resistance can be obtained.
- the method for producing a pattern of the present invention includes a step of applying and drying the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention on a support substrate, a step of exposing, a step of developing, and a step of heat treatment.
- Examples of the support substrate to which the composition of the present invention is applied include a glass substrate, an aluminum substrate, a semiconductor, a metal oxide insulator (for example, TiO 2 , SiO 2, etc.), silicon nitride, and the like.
- Examples of the coating method include a coating method such as a spinner, and a photosensitive polymer film can be formed by drying the composition of the present invention using a hot plate, an oven or the like after spin coating.
- the photosensitive polymer composition formed as a film on the support substrate is irradiated with actinic rays such as ultraviolet rays, visible rays, and radiations through a mask.
- actinic ray light source is preferably i-line.
- the pattern film is obtained by removing the exposed portion with a developer.
- a developer for example, an alkaline aqueous solution such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium silicate, ammonia, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, triethanolamine, tetramethylammonium hydroxide is preferable, and the base concentration of these aqueous solutions is 0.1 to 10% by weight is preferable.
- the developer may further contain alcohols and / or surfactants, and these are preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the developer. It is more preferable that
- the pattern coating is thermally cured, and a heat-resistant polyoxazole pattern cured film having an oxazole ring or other functional group is obtained.
- the temperature of the heat treatment is preferably 150 to 450 ° C.
- FIG. 1 to 5 are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining a manufacturing process of a semiconductor device having a multilayer wiring structure, and show a series of processes from a first process to a fifth process.
- a semiconductor substrate 1 such as a Si substrate having a circuit element (not shown) is covered with a protective film 2 such as a silicon oxide film except for a predetermined portion of the circuit element, and is exposed on the exposed circuit element.
- a first conductor layer 3 is formed.
- a film made of polyimide resin or the like as the interlayer insulating film layer 4 is formed on the semiconductor substrate 1 by a spin coating method or the like (first step, FIG. 1).
- a photosensitive resin layer 5 such as chlorinated rubber or phenol novolac is formed on the interlayer insulating film layer 4 as a mask by a spin coating method, and a predetermined portion of the interlayer insulating film layer 4 is formed by a known photolithography technique.
- a window 6A is provided so as to be exposed (second step, FIG. 2).
- the interlayer insulating film layer 4 exposed to the window 6A is selectively etched by a dry etching means using a gas such as oxygen or carbon tetrafluoride to open the window 6B.
- the photosensitive resin layer 5 is completely removed using an etching solution that corrodes only the photosensitive resin layer 5 without corroding the first conductor layer 3 exposed from the window 6B (third step, FIG. 3).
- the second conductor layer 7 is formed using a known photolithography technique, and the electrical connection with the first conductor layer 3 is completely performed (fourth step, FIG. 4).
- each layer can be formed by repeating the above steps.
- the surface protective film 8 is formed.
- the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention is applied and dried by a spin coating method, irradiated with light from a mask on which a pattern for forming a window 6C is formed at a predetermined portion, and then developed with an alkaline aqueous solution. Then, a pattern film is formed. Then, this pattern film is heated to form a pattern cured film as the surface protective film layer 8 (fifth step, FIG. 5).
- the surface protective film layer 8 protects the conductor layer from external stress, ⁇ rays, etc., and the resulting semiconductor device is excellent in reliability. In addition, you may form the said interlayer insulation film using the photosensitive polymer composition of this invention.
- the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention can be used for electronic parts such as semiconductor devices and multilayer wiring boards, and specifically, surface protection films and interlayer insulating films of semiconductor devices, and interlayer insulation of multilayer wiring boards. It can be used for forming a film or the like.
- the electronic component of the present invention is not particularly limited except that it has a surface protective film or an interlayer insulating film formed using the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention, and can have various structures.
- Synthesis example 1 [Synthesis of Polybenzoxazole Precursor (Component (a))] In a 0.5 liter flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, 15.48 g of 4,4′-diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid and 90 g of N-methylpyrrolidone were charged, and the flask was cooled to 5 ° C., and then 12.64 g of thionyl chloride. Was added dropwise and reacted for 30 minutes to obtain a solution of 4,4′-diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid chloride.
- N-methylpyrrolidone 87.5 g was charged into a 0.5 liter flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and 18.30 g of bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane was added and stirred. After dissolution, 8.53 g of pyridine was added, and while maintaining the temperature at 0 to 5 ° C., a solution of 4,4′-diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid chloride was added dropwise over 30 minutes, and then stirring was continued for 30 minutes.
- polybenzoxazole precursor polybenzoxazole precursor
- Synthesis example 2 [Synthesis of polyimide precursor (component (a)) In a 0.2 liter flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, 10 g (32 mmol) of 3,3 ′, 4,4′-diphenyl ether tetracarboxylic dianhydride (ODPA) and 3.87 g (65 mmol) of isopropyl alcohol were added. Was dissolved in 45 g of N-methylpyrrolidone, and a catalytic amount of 1,8-diazabicycloundecene was added, followed by heating at 60 ° C. for 2 hours, followed by stirring at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 15 hours. Esterification was performed. Thereafter, 7.61 g (64 mmol) of thionyl chloride was added under ice cooling, and the mixture was returned to room temperature and reacted for 2 hours to obtain an acid chloride solution.
- ODPA 4,4′-diphenyl ether tetrac
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer I determined by GPC standard polystyrene conversion was 14580, and the degree of dispersion was 1.6.
- the polymer II had a weight average molecular weight of 19,400 and a dispersity of 2.2.
- Example 1-18 and Comparative Example 1-7 (A) 100 parts by weight of the polymers I and II prepared in Synthesis Examples 1 and 2 as components and (b) component, (c) component, (d) component and (e) component as shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively.
- the compounds shown were dissolved in a solvent in which ⁇ -butyrolactone / propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate was mixed at a weight ratio of 9: 1 in the blending amounts shown in Tables 1 and 2 to prepare photosensitive polymer compositions, respectively.
- the numbers in the tables in the columns of (b), (c), (d) and (e) indicate the amount added (parts by weight) relative to 100 parts by weight of component (a). .
- the usage-amount of the solvent was 1.5 times with respect to 100 weight part of (a) component in any case.
- the prepared photosensitive polymer composition was evaluated by the following methods for storage stability, sensitivity, ratio of dissolution rate between unexposed and exposed areas (contrast), resolution, and plating solution resistance. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- the prepared photosensitive polymer composition was spin coated on a silicon wafer and heated at 120 ° C. for 3 minutes to form a coating film having a dry film thickness of 7 to 12 ⁇ m.
- i-line exposure 100 to 1000 mJ / cm 2 was performed on the coating film through an interference filter.
- development was performed with a 2.38 wt% aqueous solution of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) until the exposed silicon wafer was exposed, followed by rinsing with water, and the remaining film ratio (ratio of film thickness before and after development) was 80.
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- the unexposed area and the prepared photosensitive polymer composition were spin coated on a silicon wafer and dried at 120 ° C. for 3 minutes to form a coating film having a dry film thickness of 7 to 12 ⁇ m.
- the coating film was developed with a 2.38 wt% aqueous solution of methylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) for 100 seconds, rinsed with water, and the dissolution rate of the unexposed area was determined from the difference in film thickness before and after development.
- TMAH methylammonium hydroxide
- the coating film prepared in the same manner was subjected to 200 mJ / cm 2 i-line exposure through an interference filter using an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp.
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- the prepared photosensitive polymer composition was spin-coated on a silicon wafer on which aluminum was deposited, and then heated at 120 ° C. for 3 minutes to form a coating film having a thickness of 8 ⁇ m. This coating film was exposed and developed to form a pattern. The formed pattern was heated in an inert gas oven at 100 ° C. for 60 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere, and then heated at 320 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a cured film. The cured film patterned on the aluminum substrate was mixed at 23 ° C.
- the presence or absence of the chemical solution permeating into the interface between the substrate and the resin layer from the opening pattern was evaluated by observation with a metal microscope from above.
- the case where the penetration was confirmed to be 2 ⁇ m or more with a metal microscope was evaluated as “X”, the case where the penetration was 0.5 ⁇ m or more and less than 2 ⁇ m was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, and the case where the penetration was not confirmed at all was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”.
- the cured films made of the photosensitive polymer compositions of Examples 1 to 18 had good adhesion to the substrate and were at a practical level. That is, the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention improves the adhesion to the substrate while maintaining a high-contrast and high-resolution and maintaining a good-shaped pattern without reducing storage stability and sensitivity. It can be seen that the positive photosensitive polymer composition has excellent plating solution resistance.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 5 the adhesion was weak and the chemical solution permeated into the substrate / resin interface, and in Comparative Example 6, the storage stability of the varnish was poor. Further, in Comparative Example 7, the dissolution rate of the exposed area was very slow and no opening was obtained even after 5 minutes of development, so the contrast value could not be obtained.
- the photosensitive polymer composition of the present invention can be suitably used as a material for a surface protective film or an interlayer insulating film, and can produce highly reliable electronic components with a high yield.
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Abstract
Description
このような感光性樹脂に対して、近年は、デバイスの構造の変化に伴い、各種配線層への適用が行われており、ここでは、例えばアルミニウム配線との密着性や無電解めっき液等のメッキ液耐性が要求されつつある。
1.下記成分(a)~(d)を含有してなる感光性重合体組成物。
(a)アルカリ性水溶液に可溶なポリマー
(b)光により酸を発生する化合物
(c)アルミニウム錯体
(d)-CH2OR(Rは水素原子又は1価の有機基である)で示される基を有する架橋剤
2.(d)架橋剤が、下記式(1)で表される化合物又は下記式(2)で表される化合物である1に記載の感光性重合体組成物。
3.前記(d)成分が、式(1)で表される化合物である2に記載の感光性重合体組成物。
4.前記(a)成分が、下記式(I)で表される構造単位を有するアルカリ水溶液可溶性ポリアミドである1~3のいずれかに記載の感光性重合体組成物。
5.前記(c)成分が、アルミニウムキレート錯体である1~4のいずれかに記載の感光性重合体組成物。
6.前記(c)成分が、下記式(II)で表されるアルミニウムキレート錯体である1~5のいずれかに記載の感光性重合体組成物。
7.(e)アルコキシシラン接着剤をさらに含有する1~6のいずれかに記載の感光性重合体組成物。
8.(a)成分100重量部に対して、(b)成分5~100重量部、(c)成分0.1~50重量部、(d)成分1~30重量部を含有する1~6のいずれかに記載の感光性重合体組成物。
9.(a)成分100重量部に対して、(b)成分5~100重量部、(c)成分0.1~50重量部、(d)成分1~30重量部、(e)成分0.1~20重量部を含有する7に記載の感光性重合体組成物。
10.1~9のいずれかに記載の感光性重合体組成物を支持基板上に塗布し乾燥する工程、露光する工程、現像する工程及び加熱処理する工程を含むパターンの製造方法。
11.前記露光する工程において使用する光源が、i線である10に記載のパターンの製造方法。
12.1~9のいずれかに記載の感光性重合体組成物を硬化してなる硬化物。
13.12に記載の硬化物を表面保護膜又は層間絶縁膜として有してなる電子部品。
尚、(a)成分は、上述した主鎖骨格を2種以上有する共重合体でもよく、又は2種以上の上記ポリマーの混合物でもよい。
尚、上記アルカリ水溶液とは、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液、金属水酸化物水溶液、有機アミン水溶液等のアルカリ性の溶液である。
上記4価の芳香族基としては、4個の結合部位がいずれも芳香環上に存在し、2個のヒドロキシ基がそれぞれUに結合しているアミンのオルト位に位置した構造を有するジアミンの残基が好ましい。
ジアミンの残基は、これらに限定されず、これらの化合物の残基を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせてもよい。
これらの化合物の残基を、単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
jとkは、モル分率を示し、jとkの和は100モル%であり、jが60~100モル%、kが0~40モル%である。)
ジアミノジフェニルメタン、4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルスルホン、4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルスルフィド、ベンジシン、m-フェニレンジアミン、p-フェニレンジアミン、1,5-ナフタレンジアミン、2,6-ナフタレンジアミン、ビス(4-アミノフェノキシフェニル)スルホン、ビス(3-アミノフェノキシフェニル)スルホン、ビス(4-アミノフェノキシ)ビフェニル、ビス[4-(4-アミノフェノキシ)フェニル]エーテル、1,4-ビス(4-アミノフェノキシ)ベンゼン等の芳香族ジアミン化合物;シリコーン基の入ったジアミンであるLP-7100、X-22-161AS、X-22-161A、X-22-161B、X-22-161C及びX-22-161E(いずれも信越化学工業株式会社製)等が挙げられるがこれらに限定されるものではない。
これらの化合物は、単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
必要に応じてポリマー末端に単独で又は2種のエンドキャップ剤を反応させて片末端又は両末端をそれぞれ飽和脂肪族基、不飽和脂肪族基、カルボキシ基、フェノール水酸基、スルホン酸基、又はチオール基としてもよい。
その際、エンドキャップ率は30~100%が好ましい。
ここで、分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー法により測定し、標準ポリスチレン検量線より換算して得た値である。
具体的には、ジカルボン酸誘導体をジハライド誘導体に変換後、前記ジアミンとの反応を行うことにより合成できる。ジハライド誘導体としては、ジクロリド誘導体が好ましい。
脱塩酸剤とo-キノンジアジドスルホニルクロリドの好ましい割合は、0.95/1~1/0.95の範囲である。好ましい反応温度は0~40℃、好ましい反応時間は1~10時間である。
更にアルミニウム錯体はアルカリ水溶液に対する溶解阻害効果を持っており、後述する(d)-CH2OR(Rは水素原子又は1価の有機基である)で示される基を有する架橋剤との組み合わせにより、露光部と未露光部の溶解速度比(コントラスト)を向上させ、感度を向上させると考えられる。
これらは1種又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
(c)成分の含有量を0.1重量部以上とすることにより基板との密着性向上効果が有効に作用し、50重量部以下とすることにより冷凍保存時においての析出等の問題を低減することができる。
Rは炭素数1~20のアルキル基であり、炭素数1~6のアルキル基であることがより好ましい。
Rは、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、アルキル基又はアルケニル基である。炭素数は1~20が好ましい。
R14及びR15は、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基,アルケニル基、メチロール基又はアルコキシアルキル基であり、これらの基は一部にエーテル結合,エステル結合等を有していてもよい。炭素数は1~20が好ましい。
e及びfは、それぞれ独立に、1又は2の整数であり、g及びhは、それぞれ独立に、0~3の整数である。
これらの化合物は単独又は2種類以上組み合わせ用いることができる。
(e)アルコキシシラン接着剤のアルコキシシラン化合物としては、例えば、ビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)-3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、尿素プロピルトリエトキシシラン、メチルフェニルシランジオール、エチルフェニルシランジオール、n-プロピルフェニルシランジオール、イソプロピルフェニルシランジオール、n-ブチルシフェニルシランジオール、イソブチルフェニルシランジオール、tert-ブチルフェニルシランジオール、ジフェニルシランジオール、エチルメチルフェニルシラノール、n-プロピルメチルフェニルシラノール、イソプロピルメチルフェニルシラノール、n-ブチルメチルフェニルシラノール、イソブチルメチルフェニルシラノール、tert-ブチルメチルフェニルシラノール、エチルn-プロピルフェニルシラノール、エチルイソプロピルフェニルシラノール、n-ブチルエチルフェニルシラノール、イソブチルエチルフェニルシラノール、tert-ブチルエチルフェニルシラノール、メチルジフェニルシラノール、エチルジフェニルシラノール、n-プロピルジフェニルシラノール、イソプロピルジフェニルシラノール、n-ブチルジフェニルシラノール、イソブチルジフェニルシラノール、tert-ブチルジフェニルシラノール、フェニルシラントリオール、1,4-ビス(トリヒドロキシシリル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(メチルジヒドロキシシリル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(エチルジヒドロキシシリル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(プロピルジヒドロキシシリル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(ブチルジヒドロキシシリル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(ジメチルヒドロキシシリル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(ジエチルヒドロキシシリル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(ジプロピルドロキシシリル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(ジブチルヒドロキシシリル)ベンゼン等が挙げられる。
これらのうち、ビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)-3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシランが好ましい。これらは単独でも2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
(e)成分の含有量を0.1重量部以上とすることにより、基板に対する良好な密着性を組成物に与えることができ、20重量部以下とすることにより良好な保存性が得られる。
上記ジアリール化合物としては、ジアリール尿素、ジアリールスルホン、ジアリールケトン、ジアリールエーテル、ジアリールプロパン、ジアリールヘキサフルオロプロパン等の二つのアリール基が結合基を介して結合した化合物が挙げられ、当該アリール基は、フェニル基が好ましい。
テトラアルキルアンモニウム塩としては、当該アルキル基がメチル基、エチル基等であるテトラアルキルアンミニウムハライドが挙げられる。
上記ジアリール尿素化合物としてはジフェニル尿素、ジメチルジフェニル尿素等が挙げられ、テトラメチルアンモニウムハライド化合物としては、テトラメチルアンモニウムクロライド、テトラメチルアンモニウムブロミド、テトラメチルアンモニウムヨーダイド等が挙げられる。
R8及びR9は、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基又はアルケニル基である。
m及びnは、それぞれ独立に、0~5の整数である。)
これらのうち、ジフェニルヨードニウムニトラート、ジフェニルヨードニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホナート及びジフェニルヨードニウム-8-アニリノナフタレン-1-スルホナートが、効果が高く好ましい。
本発明の感光性重合体組成物は、これら上述の成分の他に、下記溶剤、添加剤等を本発明の効果を損なわない範囲でさらに含むことができる。
このような界面活性剤あるいはレベリング剤としては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレンウラリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンステアリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオレイルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオクチルフェノールエーテル等があり、具体的な市販品としては、メガファックスF171、F173、R-08(大日本インキ化学工業株式会社製商品名)、フロラードFC430、FC431(住友スリーエム株式会社商品名)、オルガノシロキサンポリマーKP341、KBM303、KBM403、KBM803(信越化学工業株式会社製商品名)等が挙げられる。
特に本発明の感光性重合体組成物を用いることにより、感度、解像度、接着性及び耐熱性に優れ、良好な形状のパターンが得られる。
塗布法としては、スピンナー等の塗布法が挙げられ、本発明の組成物を回転塗布後にホットプレート、オーブン等を用いて乾燥することにより感光性重合体被膜を形成することができる。
上記現像液は、さらにアルコール類及び/又は界面活性剤を含んでもよく、これらは現像液100重量部に対して、0.01~10重量部であることが好ましく、0.1~5重量部であることがより好ましい。
上記加熱処理の温度は、150~450℃であることが好ましい。
図1~図5は、多層配線構造を有する半導体装置の製造工程を説明する概略断面図であり、第1の工程から第5の工程へと一連の工程を表している。
この表面保護膜層8は、導体層を外部からの応力、α線等から保護し、得られる半導体装置は信頼性に優れる。
尚、上記層間絶縁膜を本発明の感光性重合体組成物を用いて形成してもよい。
本発明の電子部品は、本発明の感光性重合体組成物を用いて形成される表面保護膜又は層間絶縁膜を有すること以外は特に制限されず、様々な構造をとることができる。
[ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体((a)成分)の合成]
攪拌機、温度計を備えた0.5リットルのフラスコ中に、4,4’-ジフェニルエーテルジカルボン酸15.48g、N-メチルピロリドン90gを仕込み、フラスコを5℃に冷却した後、塩化チオニル12.64gを滴下し、30分間反応させて、4,4’-ジフェニルエーテルジカルボン酸クロリドの溶液を得た。
次いで、攪拌機、温度計を備えた0.5リットルのフラスコ中に、N-メチルピロリドン87.5gを仕込み、ビス(3-アミノ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン18.30gを添加し、攪拌溶解した後、ピリジン8.53gを添加し、温度を0~5℃に保ちながら、4,4’-ジフェニルエーテルジカルボン酸クロリドの溶液を30分間で滴下した後、30分間攪拌を続けた。攪拌した溶液を3リットルの水に投入し、析出物を回収、純水で3回洗浄した後、減圧乾燥してポリヒドロキシアミド(ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体)を得た(以下、ポリマーIとする)。
[ポリイミド前駆体((a)成分)の合成]
攪拌機及び温度計を備えた0.2リットルのフラスコ中に、3,3’,4,4’-ジフェニルエーテルテトラカルボン酸二無水物(ODPA)10g(32mmol)とイソプロピルアルコール3.87g(65mmol)とをN-メチルピロリドン45gに溶解し、1,8-ジアザビシクロウンデセンを触媒量添加の後に、60℃にて2時間加熱を行い、続いて室温下(25℃)で15時間攪拌し、エステル化を行った。その後、氷冷下で塩化チオニルを7.61g(64mmol)加え、室温に戻し2時間反応を行い酸クロリドの溶液を得た。
尚、GPC法による重量平均分子量の測定条件は以下の通りであり、ポリマー0.5mgに対して溶媒[THF/DMF=1/1(容積比)]1mLの溶液を用いて測定した。
測定装置:検出器 株式会社日立製作所製L4000 UV
ポンプ:株式会社日立製作所製L6000
株式会社島津製作所製C-R4A Chromatopac
測定条件:カラム Gelpack GL-S300MDT-5 x2本
溶離液:THF/DMF=1/1 (容積比)
LiBr(0.03mol/L)、H3PO4(0.06mol/L)
流速:1.0mL/min、検出器:UV270nm
(a)成分として合成例1及び2で調製したポリマーI及びIIを100重量部、並びに(b)成分、(c)成分、(d)成分及び(e)成分として、それぞれ表1及び2に示す化合物を表1及び2に示す配合量で、γ-ブチロラクトン/プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテートを重量比9:1で混合した溶剤に溶解して、それぞれ感光性重合体組成物を調製した。
尚、表1及び2において、(b)、(c)、(d)及び(e)成分の各欄における表内の数字は、(a)成分100重量部に対する添加量(重量部)を示す。また、溶剤の使用量は、いずれも(a)成分100重量部に対して1.5倍で用いた。
調製した感光性重合体組成物を冷凍庫中に保管し、2週間後、組成物中に析出物が確認されず、室温で4週間保管したワニスを初期と同様の条件でシリコンウエハ上に塗布したときの膜厚変化が±0.4μm以内であれば「◎」と評価し、膜厚変化が±0.8mm以内であれば「○」と評価し、組成物中に析出物が確認された場合を「×」と評価した。膜厚の変化が大きいほど、粘度変化が大きいということになり、保存安定性が悪いと言える。
調製した感光性重合体組成物をシリコンウエハ上にスピンコートし、120℃で3分間加熱し、乾燥膜厚7~12μmの塗膜を形成した。超高圧水銀灯を用いて、この塗膜に対して100~1000mJ/cm2のi線露光を干渉フィルターを介して行った。露光後、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(TMAH)の2.38重量%水溶液にて露光部のシリコンウエハが露出するまで現像した後、水でリンスし残膜率(現像前後の膜厚の比)80%以上が得られるパターン形成に必要な最小露光量(感度)を求めた。
未露光部と調製した感光性重合体組成物をシリコンウエハ上にスピンコートし、120℃で3分間乾燥をおこない、乾燥膜厚7~12μmの塗膜を形成した。この塗膜をメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(TMAH)の2.38重量%水溶液にて100秒間現像をおこなった後、水でリンスし現像前後の膜厚の差から未露光部溶解速度を求めた。同様に作成した塗膜に対して、超高圧水銀灯を用い、干渉フィルターを介して200mJ/cm2i線露光を行った。露光後、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(TMAH)の2.38重量%水溶液にてシリコンウエハ表面が露出するまでの現像を行った後、水でリンスし現像前後の膜厚の差から、溶解速度を求めた。露光部の溶解速度を未露光部の溶解速度で割った値をコントラストとした。コントラストの値が大きければ、高残膜率で、高感度な樹脂膜となっているといえる。
パターン開口可能な最小露光量の1.2倍の露光量おけるSiウエハー上のラインアンドスペースの剥がれの最小値を解像度とした。
アルミを蒸着したシリコンウエハ上に、調製した感光性重合体組成物をスピンコートした後、120℃で3分間加熱して膜厚8μmの塗膜を形成した。この塗膜について、露光及び現像を行いパターン形成した。形成したパターンをイナートガスオーブン中、窒素雰囲気下、100℃で60分加熱した後、320℃で1時間加熱して硬化膜を得た。
このアルミ基板上でパターン化した硬化膜を、23℃で、アルカリ性水溶液を主成分とするメルテックス製無電解ニッケルめっき用薬液メルプレートFZ-7350、同FBZ2の混合水溶液(FZ-7350/FBZ2/水=200ml/10ml/790ml)に10分間浸漬した。開口パターンから、基板と樹脂層の界面への薬液の染み込みの有無を、上方からの金属顕微鏡による観察で評価した。金属顕微鏡で染み込みが2μm以上確認できる程度の場合を「×」、0.5μm以上2 μm未満の場合を「○」全く染み込みが確認できない場合を「◎」と評価した。ジンケートプロセスにおいて基板と樹脂層の界面への薬液染込みがおこると、Niめっきプロセス中に、めっき潜りや樹脂層の剥離が起こる可能性がある。染込みがまったく無い、もしくは少ないものは無電解Ni/Auめっきプロセスに適合できると考えられる。
この明細書に記載の文献の内容を全てここに援用する。
Claims (13)
- 下記成分(a)~(d)を含有してなる感光性重合体組成物。
(a)アルカリ性水溶液に可溶なポリマー
(b)光により酸を発生する化合物
(c)アルミニウム錯体
(d)-CH2OR(Rは水素原子又は1価の有機基である)で示される基を有する架橋剤 - 前記(d)成分が、式(1)で表される化合物である請求項2に記載の感光性重合体組成物。
- 前記(c)成分が、アルミニウムキレート錯体である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の感光性重合体組成物。
- (e)アルコキシシラン接着剤をさらに含有する請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の感光性重合体組成物。
- (a)成分100重量部に対して、(b)成分5~100重量部、(c)成分0.1~50重量部、(d)成分1~30重量部を含有する請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の感光性重合体組成物。
- (a)成分100重量部に対して、(b)成分5~100重量部、(c)成分0.1~50重量部、(d)成分1~30重量部、(e)成分0.1~20重量部を含有する請求項7に記載の感光性重合体組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の感光性重合体組成物を支持基板上に塗布し乾燥する工程、露光する工程、現像する工程及び加熱処理する工程を含むパターンの製造方法。
- 前記露光する工程において使用する光源が、i線である請求項10に記載のパターンの製造方法。
- 請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の感光性重合体組成物を硬化してなる硬化物。
- 請求項12に記載の硬化物を表面保護膜又は層間絶縁膜として有してなる電子部品。
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| JP2008145579A (ja) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-26 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物、硬化膜、保護膜、絶縁膜およびそれを用いた半導体装置、表示体装置。 |
| JP2009175356A (ja) * | 2008-01-23 | 2009-08-06 | Hitachi Chemical Dupont Microsystems Ltd | 低温硬化用のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物、パターン硬化膜の製造方法及び電子部品 |
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| JP2000039714A (ja) * | 1998-05-14 | 2000-02-08 | Toray Ind Inc | 感光性耐熱性樹脂前駆体組成物 |
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| TWI624730B (zh) * | 2012-02-27 | 2018-05-21 | Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co Ltd | 正型光阻組成物、光阻層合體、光阻圖型之製造方法、及連接用端子之製造方法 |
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